膝盖康复运动教程(英文)
- 格式:pdf
- 大小:833.42 KB
- 文档页数:4
膝盖康复动作和技巧
膝盖康复动作和技巧
膝盖是人体最坚强的活动关节之一,伤害它会严重影响到人的日常活动。
膝盖康复需要通过有效的动作来改善痛苦,改善关节功能,增强肌肉力量和柔韧度,为此,物理治疗师会根据患者的症状为其制定合适的康复动作。
1. 站立抬腿的动作:站立时,在患腿站立时,抬起患腿,保持20秒,再放下,练习10次,每天练习一次。
2. 坐位抬腿动作:坐在椅子上,抬起患腿,保持20秒,再放下,练习10次,每天练习一次。
3. 足尖抬腿动作:坐在椅子上,双足放在地上,向前伸展,使
用足尖抬起患腿,保持20秒,再放下,练习10次,每天练习一次。
4. 海豹动作:躺在地上,把患腿伸直向上,用两腿轮流向前抬起,保持20秒,再放下,练习10次,每天练习一次。
5. 腹肌伸展动作:躺在地上,把患腿伸直,双手放在腰后,把
膝盖向胸部靠近,然后把膝盖向开向外面慢慢推出,保持20秒,再
放下,练习10次,每天练习一次。
6. 侧向抬腿动作:躺在地上,把患腿抬起,向侧向抬起,保持20秒,再放下,练习10次,每天练习一次。
7. 膝盖扭转动作:躺在地上,把患腿抬起,膝盖扭转,保持20秒,再放下,练习10次,每天练习一次。
以上就是关于膝盖康复动作和技巧的介绍,希望能够帮助到大家。
康复动作需要在医生和物理治疗师的指导下进行,看似简单,动作的时候要注意做到动作的深度、方向和速度,以免招致不良后果。
膝关节恢复训练:1、直腿抬高这个动作可以增强大腿前侧肌肉,提高膝关节的稳定性。
具体方法如下:仰卧在地面上,一条腿伸直,另一条腿弯曲,将膝盖靠近胸部。
然后将伸直的腿慢慢抬高,直到与地面平行,然后缓慢放下。
每次做10-15次,重复2-3组。
2、坐姿膝伸坐在椅子上,将受伤的腿放在床或地面上,然后慢慢伸直受伤的膝盖,直到无法再伸直为止,然后慢慢放下。
这个动作可以增强膝关节的前侧肌肉。
每次做10-15次,重复2-3组。
3、靠墙静蹲靠墙静蹲是一种增强膝关节稳定性的有效方法。
具体方法如下:背对墙壁站立,双脚与肩同宽,脚尖稍微朝外;慢慢向后移动脚步,使背部贴紧墙壁;弯曲膝盖,使大腿尽量与地面平行(不要超过平行),同时保持小腿与地面垂直。
保持这个姿势,直到感到大腿前侧肌肉疲劳为止。
每天练习2-3组,力量增强后可以3-5组。
4、平板支撑平板支撑不仅可以增强核心稳定性,还能减轻膝关节的负担。
具体方法如下:俯卧在地面或床面上,双手和双脚支撑身体。
手肘弯曲,将前臂平放在地面上,头部、上背、臀部保持一条直线。
脚尖支撑,腹部和臀部出力绷紧。
保持呼吸顺畅,不要憋气;保持姿势直到感到肌肉疲劳为止。
每次平板支撑10秒钟,重复多次。
5、腿部弯曲仰卧在床或地板上,双腿弯曲,然后慢慢将受伤的腿拉向臀部,直到不能再靠近为止,然后慢慢放下。
这个动作可以增强膝关节的后侧肌肉。
每次做10-15次,重复2-3组。
6、单腿平衡站立,将受伤的腿抬起,保持平衡几秒钟,然后慢慢放下。
这个动作可以帮助提高膝关节周围肌肉的控制力和稳定性。
每次做10-15次,重复2-3组。
7、登台阶站在台阶前,用受伤的腿迈上台阶,然后慢慢降下。
这个动作可以帮助增强大腿肌肉和提高膝关节的稳定性。
每次做10-15次,重复2-3组。
膝盖康复动作和技巧膝盖康复动作和技巧一、膝屈伸动作1. 站姿:坐直,双脚稍分开,膝关节稍微弯曲,双臂伸直,尽可能保持腿部的稳定,把肩部抬起,放松腰部,屈膝,同时腿后脚跟轻贴地面,重心慢慢放到您的膝盖上,屈膝角度达到90度以上,持续3~5秒,然后慢慢伸直双腿,保持重心在两脚之间,继续重复此动作,每次伸屈10次为一组,每组动作间隔1分钟2. 侧弓步:双脚分开,膝关节稍微弯曲,屈膝,把腿屈至90度,双脚跟贴地,放松腰部,保持上半身正直,慢慢把重心放到膝盖上,再伸直双腿,从另一条腿开始重复此动作,每边伸屈10次为一组,每组动作间隔1分钟3. 坐姿:坐在椅子上,双腿伸直,双脚平贴地面,双臂伸直,尽可能让您的腰部抬起,屈膝,把膝盖贴地,持续3~5秒,然后慢慢靠椅子伸直双腿,继续重复此动作,每次伸屈10次为一组,每组动作间隔1分钟二、肩部康复动作1. 站姿屈伸动作:站立,双脚稍稍分开,右手握住左手的拳头,双臂伸直,尽可能把右肩抬起,右肩慢慢往右向上拉,保持3~5秒,然后慢慢把右肩放回原位,左肩同样伸屈训练,每边伸屈10次为一组,每组动作间隔1分钟2. 坐姿:坐直,右手握住左手的拳头,双臂伸直,尽可能把右肩抬起,右肩慢慢往右向上拉,保持3~5秒,然后慢慢把右肩放回原位,左肩同样伸屈训练,每边伸屈10次为一组,每组动作间隔1分钟3. 站姿:站立,双脚稍稍分开,双臂伸直,尽可能让您的肩部抬起,并右肩往右向上拉,左肩往下放,保持3~5秒,然后慢慢把双肩放回原位,再以另一边重复此动作,每边伸屈10次为一组,每组动作间隔1分钟三、腰部康复动作1. 站姿:站姿,双臂伸直,右腿向前伸,左腿尽可能屈伸,顺势把腰部向前拉伸,尽力把右脚和右腿拉伸,重心放到前脚上,把腰部拉伸保持3~5秒,然后再由另一边重复此动作,每边动作10次为一组,每组动作间隔1分钟2. 俯卧弯曲动作:俯卧在地上,双腿交叉,双膝弯曲,把腿靠紧肚子,把手臂伸直,把头部和胸部向上抬起,腰部有力地向上弯曲,把重心放到臀部,尽可能把手部抬起,保持3~5秒,慢慢把腰部伸直,再以另一边重复此动作,每边动作10次为一组,每组动作间隔1分钟。
康复训练英语全文共四篇示例,供读者参考第一篇示例:康复训练英语是指通过专业的康复训练来帮助患者恢复和改善身体功能,提高生活质量。
康复训练英语涉及到康复医学、康复理论、康复技术等多方面的内容,对于康复专业人员来说,掌握康复训练英语是非常重要的。
康复训练英语涉及到大量的专业术语和知识,下面将介绍一些常用的康复训练英语词汇和表达。
1. Physical therapy:物理治疗Physical therapy is an important component of rehabilitation for patients recovering from injuries or surgeries.在康复训练英语中,还有一些常用的句型和表达方式,如下所示:1. Can you show me how to do this exercise?你能向我展示如何做这个训练吗?2. Let's start with some warm-up exercises.让我们从一些热身运动开始。
5. Are you feeling any discomfort?你感到不适吗?6. You are making great progress in your rehabilitation.你在康复训练中取得了很大进步。
康复训练英语不仅对康复专业人员来说重要,对于患者和家属来说也具有一定的帮助。
掌握一些康复训练英语词汇和表达,可以更好地理解康复治疗过程中的核心概念和要点,与医疗团队进行有效的沟通,提高治疗效果和康复质量。
康复训练英语是康复专业领域的重要内容,对于提高康复治疗的质量和效果起着重要作用。
希望以上内容可以帮助大家更好地了解康复训练英语的重要性和基本知识,为康复训练工作提供帮助和指导。
第二篇示例:康复训练英语是指通过专门的康复训练方法和技巧,帮助康复者恢复健康、独立生活和参与社会活动。
康复训练英语对于康复者的康复进程起着至关重要的作用。
康复护理学共同运动名词解释
康复护理学涉及许多共同运动名词,这些名词通常用于描述康
复护理过程中使用的不同技术和方法。
以下是一些常见的共同运动
名词及其解释:
1. 屈曲(Flexion),指关节向身体的中心弯曲的动作。
例如,膝盖屈曲是指将膝盖弯曲,使脚后跟靠近臀部。
2. 伸展(Extension),与屈曲相反,指关节远离身体中心的
动作。
例如,脊椎伸展是指向后弯曲脊椎,使身体保持挺直。
3. 外展(Abduction)和内收(Adduction),外展是指将身体
部位从中线远离,而内收则是将其靠近中线。
例如,向外展手臂是
将手臂从身体侧面向外侧移动,而向内收手臂则是将手臂靠近身体。
4. 旋转(Rotation),指身体部位绕轴旋转的动作。
例如,颈
部旋转是指将头部向左或向右转动。
5. 屈曲-伸展(Flexion-Extension),这是一种结合了屈曲和
伸展动作的运动,常见于康复训练中,有助于增强关节的灵活性和
稳定性。
6. 屈曲-外展(Flexion-Abduction)和屈曲-内收(Flexion-Adduction),这些是结合了屈曲和外展或内收动作的运动,常用于康复训练中,有助于增强肌肉的协调性和平衡能力。
以上是一些常见的康复护理学共同运动名词及其解释。
在康复护理过程中,理解和正确应用这些名词对于指导患者进行正确的运动训练和康复非常重要。
希望这些解释能够帮助你更好地理解康复护理学中的共同运动名词。
膝关节骨折后康复训练方法一、早期康复训练阶段1. 术后 0-2 周:此时关节肿胀明显,疼痛剧烈。
康复训练的主要目的是减轻疼痛和肿胀,预防肌肉萎缩。
2. 训练方法:(1) 冰敷:每次 15-20 分钟,每天 3-4 次。
(2) 抬腿练习:坐在床边,下肢伸直,慢慢将腿抬起,直到与床面平行,保持 5 秒,然后慢慢放下。
每组 10 次,每天 3 组。
(3) 膝关节伸直练习:坐在床边,将腿弯曲,脚放在床上,用手将膝盖向下压,直到膝关节伸直,保持 5 秒,然后慢慢放松。
每组 10 次,每天 3 组。
二、中期康复训练阶段1. 术后 2-4 周:此时关节肿胀逐渐消退,疼痛减轻。
康复训练的主要目的是增强肌肉力量和柔韧性,恢复关节活动度。
2. 训练方法:(1) 股四头肌收缩练习:仰卧位,将腿伸直,慢慢将膝盖向上抬起,直到大腿与床面垂直,保持 5 秒,然后慢慢放下。
每组 10 次,每天 3 组。
(2) 直腿抬高练习:仰卧位,将腿伸直,慢慢将腿抬起,直到与床面平行,保持 5 秒,然后慢慢放下。
每组 10 次,每天 3 组。
(3) 膝关节屈伸练习:仰卧位,将腿弯曲,脚放在床上,用手将膝盖向上抬起,直到膝关节屈曲,保持 5 秒,然后慢慢放松。
每组 10次,每天 3 组。
三、后期康复训练阶段1. 术后 4 周以上:此时关节活动度基本恢复,肌肉力量和柔韧性也明显改善。
康复训练的主要目的是巩固前期效果,进一步提高关节功能。
2. 训练方法:(1) 膝关节屈伸练习:仰卧位,将腿伸直,慢慢将膝盖向上抬起,直到膝关节屈曲,保持 10 秒,然后慢慢放松。
每组 10 次,每天 3 组。
(2) 股四头肌收缩练习:仰卧位,将腿伸直,慢慢将膝盖向上抬起,直到大腿与床面垂直,保持 10 秒,然后慢慢放下。
每组 10 次,每天 3 组。
(3) 负重练习:双手扶着墙壁,身体慢慢下蹲,直到膝关节屈曲90°,保持 5 秒,然后慢慢站起来。
每组 10 次,每天 3 组。
膝关节置换术后的功能康复锻炼●膝关节置换的康复锻炼术后康复是手术成功的重要环节。
通过早期康复训练,目的是恢复患者肢体功能及生活能力。
术前熟悉并掌握术后早期开展功能锻炼极为有利。
1、目的:膝关节置换术后的功能锻炼有助与增强膝关节伸屈肌群的肌力,可使膝关节稳定,又可获得膝关节的满意活动度,收,防止肌肉神经粘连,增强肌力,防止肌肉萎缩。
2、功能锻炼的方法:⑴ 术后第1-3天股四头肌静止收缩练习:足用力做上勾和下踩的动作,每隔 1 小时 10 下,每个动作持续 3秒。
(图1、2)健膝屈曲,患膝充分伸直做压床动作,此时股四头肌收缩、膝关节展平,髌骨可轻微上下移动,每 2小时练习每次持续10-15 秒。
(2)术后第 4-7 天主动练习:患者双手抱住大腿上提,呈屈膝活动,每隔 2 小时 5-10下。
(图 3)患者侧身,患肢在上,做无重力屈伸膝关节的动作,每隔 2 小时5-10下。
(图 4)患者仰卧于床边,将患侧小腿悬于床沿下,通过自我调节髋关节的位置及外展角度来调整膝关节屈曲度,以完的主动屈曲,角度逐渐增大。
(图 5)患者坐于床沿练习:将健侧(或一侧)足与小腿压于患侧(或另一侧)足踝上,做向下悠压的动作;(图 6)健侧(或一侧)足勾于患侧(或另一侧)足根部,协助患侧(或另一侧)小腿做上举的动作。
(图7)或用一根绷带一头绑于足部,另一头牵于病人手中,自行牵引使小腿抬起,膝关节伸直。
两者交替进行,每 2钟,以增加关节活动范围。
(图 8)(3)术后第 8-14 天卧床直腿抬高练习:抬30即可,保证膝关节伸直及背部展平,坚持 5-7秒,每天练习 3-4 组,每组 30 次能完成上述动作,可在患肢下垫一软枕帮助,逐渐降低枕头高度。
(图 9)扶栏杆做下蹲练习:蹲下后坚持 5-7 秒,每天 3-4组,每组30次,逐渐增加下蹲程度。
(图 10)渐进式膝踝屈伸练习:慢慢地同时抬起脚跟,直到脚尖着地,然后放回直到脚跟着地;两脚交替练习。
「运动康复」腘绳肌肌筋膜疼痛(HamstringsMyofascialPain)久坐后出现屁股酸痛,会延伸到大腿后侧甚至到膝盖窝;这可能是「腘绳肌肌筋膜疼痛」腘绳肌大腿后侧肌群,又称为『腘绳肌』 (Hamstring muscles)或『腘旁肌群』,位于大腿的背面,由三块主要的肌肉组成:股二头肌(biceps femoris)、半膜肌(semimembranosus)和半腱肌(semitendinosus)。
主要的肌肉共同起于在坐骨粗隆(股二头肌的短头起源股骨后侧中段),半腱肌和半膜肌终止于胫骨内髁的关节囊下缘,而股二头肌终止于腓骨头。
腘绳肌跨过髋关节和膝关节,最主要的功能是伸展大腿(大腿在臀部处往后伸)和屈曲小腿(足跟往臀部翘的动作)。
在生活中,腘绳肌协同大腿的肌群(主要为股四头肌)完成走路或跑步的动作,和避免走路时向前跌倒。
腘绳肌的紧绷,是人们向前弯腰时无法碰到脚趾的最常见原因;而且,腘绳肌紧绷可造成正常腰部曲线的改变,进而造成下背肌群的紧绷。
腘绳肌肌筋膜疼痛腿后肌筋膜疼痛症候群激痛点(trigger points)与其牵涉痛(referring pain)腘绳肌发生肌筋膜炎疼痛 (Hamstrings myofascial pain)时,在腘绳肌会产生激痛点,并且被活化。
当股二头肌内有激痛点时,膝部的后外侧会有疼痛的感觉;当半腱肌和半膜肌有激痛点时,臀部的下缘和后大腿上缘会有疼痛的感觉,有时疼痛会往下辐射至大腿后侧、膝窝和小腿肚。
其疼痛的范围和坐骨神经痛范围接近,因此常被误认为坐骨神经痛(伪坐骨神经痛)。
(另一条造成”伪坐骨神经痛”的肌肉是梨状肌症候群)患者通常是坐久的时候会非常的不舒服,特别是座椅的边缘压迫到大腿的情况下;有些人久蹲要站起会不舒服,有些人在行走的时候会疼痛不舒服,甚至会因为痛而跛行。
腘绳肌和股四头肌互为拮抗肌,当腘绳肌产生肌痛点的时候,股四头肌会因腘绳肌紧绷,而容易受伤或疲乏,进而导致前侧膝部或下段大腿的的疼痛。
健康运动指南及方法英文版Health Exercise Guide and MethodsIntroduction:Regular exercise is essential for a healthy lifestyle. It helps to maintain a healthy weight, reduce the risk of chronic diseases, improve mood and energy levels, and promote better sleep. However, it can be difficult to know where to start when it comes to exercise. This guide will provide you with tips and methods for starting and maintaining a healthy exercise routine.Step 1: Set Realistic GoalsBefore starting an exercise routine, it's important to set realistic goals. This will help you stay motivated and track your progress. Start by setting small goals such as walking for 30 minutes a day or doing 10 minutes of stretching in the morning.Step 2: Choose Activities You EnjoyExercise doesn't have to be boring or tedious. Choose activities that you enjoy such as dancing, hiking, swimming or playing sports. This will make it easier to stick with your routine.Step 3: Start SlowlyIf you're new to exercise, start slowly and gradually increase the intensity over time. Begin with low-impact activities such as walking or yoga before moving on to more intense workouts.Step 4: Incorporate Strength TrainingStrength training is essential for building muscle mass and increasing metabolism. Incorporate strength training exercises such as push-ups, squats or lifting weights into your routine at least twice a week.Step 5: Mix It UpVariety is key when it comes to exercise. Mix up your routine by trying different activities or switching up the intensity level of your workouts.Step 6: Stay HydratedDrink plenty of water before, during and after exercise to prevent dehydration and fatigue.Step 7: Listen To Your BodyPay attention to how your body feels during exercise. If youexperience pain or discomfort, stop immediately.Conclusion:Incorporating regular exercise into your daily routine can have numerous health benefits. By setting realistic goals, choosing activities you enjoy and staying hydrated, you can create a sustainable exercise routine that will benefit your overall health and well-being. Remember to listen to your body and start slowly to avoid injury.。
腿受伤后康复训练英语作文Post-Leg Injury Rehabilitation.After sustaining a leg injury, whether it's a sprain, strain, or fracture, the road to recovery and regaining full function can be challenging but necessary. Rehabilitation plays a vital role in this process, aiding in pain reduction, restoring mobility, and strengthening the injured leg to prevent future issues. Here's a comprehensive guide to post-leg injury rehabilitation:Phase 1: Protection and Rest (Acute Phase)。
Immobilization: Depending on the severity of the injury, the leg may need to be immobilized in a cast, splint, or brace to immobilize the affected area and promote healing.Rest: Avoid putting weight on the injured leg and engage in activities that minimize strain. Use crutches ora wheelchair as needed.RICE Protocol: Apply ice packs to the injury site to reduce swelling and pain. Elevate the injured leg aboveheart level to promote circulation and reduce fluid accumulation. Compress the area with an elastic bandage to minimize swelling. Rest the leg to allow for proper healing.Phase 2: Range of Motion Exercises.Passive Range of Motion (PROM): Once the acute phaseis over, gentle stretching and movement exercises can begin.A physical therapist or healthcare professional will guide you through these exercises, which involve moving theinjured leg through its full range of motion withoutputting any weight on it.Active Range of Motion (AROM): As the injured leggains strength, active range of motion exercises are introduced. These exercises involve moving the leg through its range of motion using its own muscles.Phase 3: Strengthening Exercises.Isometric Exercises: These exercises involvecontracting the muscles around the injured area without moving the joint. They help to activate and strengthen the muscles without putting undue stress on the injured tissues.Isotonic Exercises: These exercises involve moving the joint through its range of motion against resistance, such as using weights or resistance bands. They gradually increase muscle strength and endurance.Phase 4: Proprioceptive Exercises.Balance and Coordination Exercises: These exercises challenge the body's sense of position and balance, helping to improve stability and reduce the risk of falls. They involve activities such as standing on one leg, walking on uneven surfaces, and practicing balance exercises.Agility and Plyometric Exercises: These advanced exercises involve jumping, hopping, and other dynamicmovements that demand rapid muscle contractions. They help to restore power, agility, and coordination.Phase 5: Return to Activity.Gradual Return to Activity: Once the injured leg has regained sufficient strength, range of motion, and stability, you can gradually return to your previous activities. Start by engaging in low-impact activities like walking or swimming, and gradually increase the intensity and duration of your workouts as tolerated.Maintenance and Prevention: To maintain the benefits of rehabilitation and prevent future injuries, continue to engage in regular exercise and stretching, especially exercises that strengthen the muscles around the injured joint. Listen to your body and avoid activities that cause pain or discomfort.Additional Tips for Successful Rehabilitation.Consistency: Adhere to the rehabilitation plan andperform your exercises regularly as prescribed.Pain Management: Take prescribed pain medications as needed and use ice packs or heat therapy to alleviate discomfort.Nutrition: Maintain a healthy diet that supports healing and provides the body with the nutrients it needs for muscle growth and repair.Hydration: Drink plenty of fluids to stay hydrated and promote circulation.Sleep: Get adequate sleep to allow for muscle recovery and tissue repair.Patience and Positivity: Rehabilitation can be a lengthy process, so it's important to be patient and maintain a positive attitude. Focus on the progress you're making, no matter how small.Remember, the specific rehabilitation plan for a leginjury will vary depending on the type and severity of the injury, as well as individual factors. It's crucial to consult with a qualified healthcare professional or physical therapist to develop a personalized rehabilitation program that meets your needs. By following the rehabilitation plan diligently, you can facilitate a successful recovery and regain full function of your leg.。
挂图动作名称腿LEGS杠铃深蹲Olympic Bar Squats坐姿腿屈伸(seating) Leg Ext俯身勾腿(lying on belly) Leg Curl站姿提踵(standing) Calf Raise坐姿提踵(seating) Calf Raise直腿硬拉Dead lifts(straight legs)负重前步走(free weights)Lunges胸CHEST Dumbbell: D.B.(哑铃)哑铃上斜飞鸟Dumbbell Incline Fly哑铃上斜推举Dumbbell Incline Press哑铃平卧飞鸟 D.B. Bench Fly哑铃平卧推举Bench Press哑铃下斜飞 D.B. Decline Fly哑铃下斜推举 D.B. Decline Press上斜杠铃推举(Olympic Bar )Incline Press 增卧杠铃推举(Olympic Bar )Bench Press 下斜杠铃推举(Olympic Bar )Decline Press 龙门夹胸Butter Fly (MACH) / Pac Dec肩SHOULDERS Bar bell Bar : B.B.(杠铃) 杠铃颈前推B.B.(Front)Lat Raise杠铃颈后推B.B.(Behind)Lat Raise坐姿哑铃推举(seating)D.B. Lat Raise哑铃侧平举D.B. Side Raise哑铃前平举D.B. Front Raise哑铃俯身飞鸟 D.B. Rear Raise背LATS AND BACK杠铃俯身划船 B.B. Cable Row单臂哑铃划船Single D.B. Row宽卧引体向上Pulls Up窄卧引体向上Chins Up屈腿硬拉Dead lifts坐姿划船(seating)Row直杠划船Bar Row二头BICEPS杠铃弯举B.B. Curls杠铃托臂弯举 B.B. Preacher Curls哑铃交替弯举D.B. Hammer Isolated Curls哑铃托臂弯举 D.B. Preacher Curls反握杠铃弯举B.B. Reverse Grips三头TRICEPS E-Z Bar:曲杆杠铃杆(法式杠铃杆)杠铃窄卧推B.B. Flat Bench Press杠铃仰卧屈臂伸E-Z Bar (lying)Triceps Extension坐姿哑铃颈后屈臂伸 D.B. ( seating ) Behind Triceps Extension 平卧哑铃屈臂伸 D.B. (lying)Triceps Extension哑铃俯身屈臂伸 D.B. Kickback Triceps Extension单臂颈后屈臂伸 D.B. Single Behind Triceps Extension曲臂撑Dips腹ABDOMINALS悬垂举腿Hang Elevation悬垂侧举腿Hang Oblique Elevation仰卧起坐Elevation Sit Ups仰卧交替收腹Lying Isolated Elevation仰卧举腿(lying) Lower Abs Elevation仰卧两头起Both Ups Elevation坐姿收腹Sit Crunches侧卧收腹Oblique Elevation。
膝盖康复动作和技巧《膝盖康复动作和技巧》第一部分卷腹一、屈膝卷腹:动作要领:1、站立,脚距至少为30公分,即将双脚稍外分开站立。
2、将膝盖向前弯曲,把双手向前伸出,放置于膝盖上。
3、用双腕把膝盖向胸前拉,同时保持背部挺直,腹部收紧,不要让腹部松弛。
4、你可以改变双腿站立之间的距离,以及双腕与膝盖之间的距离,根据自己的身体状况,灵活调整,以获得最大的效果。
5、持续坚持一段时间,每次练习持续时间在30秒到60秒之间。
二、反向卷腹:动作要领:1、仰卧,双脚放地,双手伸直向上。
2、慢慢抬起膝盖,尽力将膝盖和腹部两部分紧紧贴在一起,保持膝盖向上伸展。
3、将身体放低,把双脚离地,这时膝盖应维持向上伸展的状态,保持腹部收紧。
4、你可以改变双腿的距离,以及双腕与地面之间的距离,灵活调整,以获得最大的效果。
5、持续坚持一段时间,每次练习持续时间在30秒到60秒之间。
第二部分屈膝一、双腿屈膝:动作要领:1、站立,脚距至少为15公分,即将双脚稍外分开站立。
2、使双膝向前伸直,将膝盖向前伸展,双手伸直放在身体两旁,保持腰部挺直,需要动作的部位主要集中在膝盖和腿上,胸部不动作。
3、把双腿平行向下向前卷曲,连同双膝一起,慢慢让膝盖低于臀部,把双腿卷曲到尽量可以接触地面,不要使双膝超过双趾,让双膝保持伸直状态。
4、将膝盖放低,然后慢慢恢复到原始位置,抬起双膝,以及双腿,进行下一次动作。
5、每次练习持续时间在30秒到60秒之间,最后再进行放松腿部及膝盖,完成一次练习。
二、单腿屈膝:动作要领:1、站立,将一只腿抬高,将另一只腿跨地面,双手伸直放在身体两旁,保持腰部挺直,需要动作的部位主要集中在前脚趾和膝盖上,胸部不动作。
2、把前脚慢慢放低,让膝盖尽量低于臀部,把前脚卷曲到尽量可以接触地面,不要使前膝超过前趾,让双膝保持伸直状态。
3、将膝盖放低,然后慢慢恢复到原始位置,抬起前膝,以及双腿,进行下一次动作。
4、每次练习持续时间在30秒到60秒之间,最后再进行放松腿部及膝盖,完成一次练习。
课时:2课时教学对象:膝盖骨折术后患者教学目标:1. 让学生了解膝盖骨折康复训练的基本原则和重要性。
2. 培养学生掌握膝盖骨折康复训练的基本方法和技巧。
3. 提高学生进行膝盖康复训练的自觉性和能力,促进康复进程。
教学内容:1. 膝盖骨折康复训练的基本原则2. 膝盖骨折康复训练的基本方法3. 膝盖骨折康复训练的注意事项教学过程:第一课时一、导入1. 教师简要介绍膝盖骨折的病因、症状和治疗方法。
2. 引导学生了解膝盖骨折康复训练的重要性。
二、新课讲解1. 膝盖骨折康复训练的基本原则:(1)循序渐进,逐步增加训练强度。
(2)坚持长期锻炼,巩固训练效果。
(3)注意安全,避免运动损伤。
2. 膝盖骨折康复训练的基本方法:(1)直腿抬高:每天3-5组,每组10-15次。
(2)膝盖屈伸:每天3-5组,每组10-15次。
(3)床边垂腿:每天3-5组,每组1-3分钟。
(4)膝关节屈伸活动度:每天3-5组,每组5-10次。
三、课堂练习1. 学生分组进行膝盖骨折康复训练,教师巡回指导。
2. 学生互相交流训练心得,共同提高。
第二课时一、复习导入1. 教师回顾上节课内容,引导学生复习膝盖骨折康复训练的基本原则和方法。
2. 学生分享自己在训练过程中的收获和体会。
二、新课讲解1. 膝盖骨折康复训练的注意事项:(1)训练过程中,注意动作的准确性和规范性。
(2)避免剧烈运动,以免造成二次损伤。
(3)定期复查,了解康复进展。
2. 膝盖骨折康复训练的辅助措施:(1)使用支具或石膏托固定患肢,保持关节稳定。
(2)进行热敷、冷敷等物理治疗,缓解疼痛和肿胀。
(3)配合药物治疗,改善局部血液循环。
三、课堂练习1. 学生进行膝盖骨折康复训练,教师巡回指导。
2. 学生互相交流训练心得,共同提高。
教学评价:1. 学生对膝盖骨折康复训练的基本原则和方法掌握程度。
2. 学生在训练过程中的表现,如动作的准确性和规范性、训练的自觉性等。
3. 学生对康复训练的认识和态度。
课时:2课时教学对象:膝盖骨折术后康复患者教学目标:1. 知识目标:了解膝盖康复训练的基本原则和常见方法。
2. 技能目标:掌握膝盖康复训练的基本动作和技巧,能够独立完成训练。
3. 情感目标:培养学生积极面对康复训练的心态,增强康复信心。
教学内容:一、热身活动1. 目的:提高关节活动度,预防运动损伤。
2. 内容:慢跑、关节活动操等。
二、关节活动度训练1. 目的:恢复关节活动范围,提高关节灵活性。
2. 内容:- 膝关节屈伸运动:患者坐在床边或椅子上,将患肢自然下垂,缓慢屈伸膝关节,每组10次,共3组。
- 膝关节旋转运动:患者平躺,将患肢伸直,轻轻旋转膝关节,每组10次,共3组。
三、肌肉力量训练1. 目的:增强膝关节周围肌肉力量,提高关节稳定性。
2. 内容:- 股四头肌等长收缩:患者平躺,患肢伸直,用力收缩股四头肌,保持5-10秒,每组10次,共3组。
- 腘绳肌等长收缩:患者平躺,患肢伸直,用力收缩腘绳肌,保持5-10秒,每组10次,共3组。
四、平衡训练1. 目的:提高患者站立和行走时的稳定性,预防跌倒。
2. 内容:- 单腿站立:患者平躺,将健肢抬起,患肢保持站立,每组30秒,共3组。
- 单腿硬拉:患者平躺,将健肢伸直,患肢屈膝,慢慢将患肢拉向健肢,每组10次,共3组。
五、日常生活活动训练1. 目的:提高患者日常生活自理能力。
2. 内容:- 穿脱衣物:患者练习穿脱衣物,注意保持膝关节稳定。
- 洗漱:患者练习用健肢帮助患肢完成洗漱动作。
- 走路:患者练习正常行走,注意保持膝关节稳定。
教学过程:一、热身活动(15分钟)1. 指导学生进行慢跑、关节活动操等热身活动。
2. 观察学生动作是否到位,及时纠正。
二、关节活动度训练(20分钟)1. 教师示范膝关节屈伸运动和旋转运动,学生跟随练习。
2. 学生分组练习,教师巡回指导,纠正动作。
三、肌肉力量训练(20分钟)1. 教师示范股四头肌等长收缩和腘绳肌等长收缩,学生跟随练习。
Knee Arthroscopy Exercise GuideRegular exercise to restore your knee mobility and strength is necessary. For the most part this can be carried out at home. I recommend that you exercise approximately 20 to 30 minutes two or three times a day. You also may engage in a walking program. As you increase the intensity of your exercise program, you may experiencetemporary set-backs. If your knee swells or hurts after a particular exercise activity, you should lessen or stop the activity until you feel better. You should Rest, Ice, Compress (with an elastic bandage), and Elevate your knee (R.I.C.E.). Contact our office if the symptoms persist.Initial Exercise ProgramHamstring Contraction, 10 Repetitions - Nomovement should occur in this exercise. Lie or sit with your knees bent to about 10 degrees. Pull your heel into the floor, tightening the muscles on the back of your thigh. Hold 5 seconds, then relax.Repeat 10times.Quadriceps Contraction, 10 Repetitions - Lie on stomach with a towel roll under your weak knee.Push ankle down into the towel roll. Your leg should straighten as much as possible. Hold for 5 seconds.Relax. Repeat 10 times.Straight Leg Raises, 10 Repetitions - Lie on your back, with uninvolved knee bent, straighten your involved knee. Slowly lift about 6 inches and hold for 5 seconds. Continue lifting in 6-inch increments,hold each time. Reverse the procedure, and return to the starting position. Repeat 10 times.Advanced : Before starting, add weights to your ankle, starting with 1 pound of weight and building up to a maximum of 5 pounds of weight over 4weeks.Straight Leg Raises, Standing, 10 Repetitions -Support yourself, if necessary, and slowly lift your leg forward keeping your knee straight. Return to the starting position. Repeat 10 times.Advanced : Before starting, add weights to your ankle, starting with 1 pound of weight and building up to a maximum of 5 pounds of weight over 4weeks.Buttock Tucks, 10 Repetitions - While lying down on your back, tighten your buttock muscles. Hold tightly for 5 seconds. Repeat 10 times.Intermediate Exercise ProgramTerminal Knee Extension, Supine, 10 Repetitions - Lie on your back with a towel roll under your knee. Straighten your knee (still supported by the roll) and hold 5 seconds. Slowly return to the starting position. Repeat 10 times.Advanced: Before starting, add weights to your ankle, starting with 1 pound of weight and building up to a maximum of 5 pounds of weight over 4 weeks.Straight Leg Raises, 5 Sets, 10 Repetitions - Lie on your back, with your uninvolved knee bent. Straighten your other knee with a quadriceps muscle contraction. Now, slowly raise your leg until your foot is about 12 inches from the floor. Slowly lower it to the floor and relax. Perform 5 sets of 10 repetitions.Advanced: Before starting, add weights to your ankle, starting with 1 pound of weight and building up to a maximum of 5 pounds of weight over 4 weeks.Partial Squat, with Chair, 10 Repetitions - Hold onto a sturdy chair or counter with your feet 6-12 inches from the chair or counter. Do not bend all the way down. DO NOT go any lower than 90 degrees. Keep back straight. Hold for 5-10 seconds. Slowly come back up. Relax. Repeat 10 times.Quadricep Stretch - Standing, 10 Repetitions -Standing with the involved knee bent, gently pull heel toward buttocks, feeling a stretch in the front of the leg. Hold for 5 seconds. Repeat 10 times.Advanced Exercise ProgramKnee Bend, Partial, Single Leg - Stand supporting yourself with the back of a chair. Bend your uninvolved leg with your toe touching for balance as necessary. Slowly lower yourself, keeping your foot flat. Don't overdo this exercise. Straighten up to the starting position. Relax and repeat 10 times.Step-ups, Forward, 10 Repetitions - Step forward up onto a 6-inch high stool, leading with your involved leg. Step down, returning to the starting position. Increase the height of the platform as strength increases. Repeat 10 times.Step-ups, Lateral, 10 Repetitions - Step up onto a 6-inch high stool, leading with your involved leg. Step down, returning to the starting position. Increase the height of the platform as strength increases. Repeat 10 times.Terminal Knee Extension, Sitting, 10 Repetitions - While sitting in a chair, support your involved heel on a stool. Now straighten your knee, hold 5 seconds and slowly return to the starting position. Repeat 10 times.Hamstring Stretch, Supine, 10 Repetitions - Lie on your back. Bend your hip, grasping your thigh just above the knee. Slowly straighten your knee until you feel the tightness behind your knee. Hold for 5 seconds. Relax and repeat 10 times. Repeat with the other leg. If you do not feel this stretch, bend your hip a little more, and repeat. No bouncing! Maintain a steady, prolonged stretch for the maximum benefit.Hamstring Stretch, Supine at Wall, 10 Repetitions - Lie next to a doorway, with one leg extended. Place your heel against the wall, and, with your knee bent, move your hips toward the wall. Now begin to straighten your knee. When you feel the tightness behind your knee, hold for 5 seconds. Relax and repeat 10 times. The closer you are to the wall, the more intense the stretch. Repeat with the other leg.Exercise Bike - If you have access to an exercise bike, set the seat high so your foot can barely reach the pedal and complete a full revolution. Set the resistance to "light" and progress to "heavy." Start pedaling for 10 minutes a day. Increase the duration by one minute a day until you are pedaling 20 minutes a day.Walking - An excellent physical exercise activity in the middle stages of your recovery from surgery (after 2 weeks).Running should be avoided until 6-8 weeks because of the impact and shock forces transmitted to your knee. Both walking and running activities should be gradually phasedinto your exercise program.。