2020届 二轮英语 特优复习 专题四 3 阅读理解 语法填空 学案

2020;2020届高考英语总复习名师全程导学案：Unit4名师点津（新人教版必修二）Ⅰ. 单项填空1. The little girl was ________losing her life，but she is now ________.A. in the danger of；out of dangerB. in danger of；out of the dangerC. in the danger of；out of the dangerD. in danger of；out of danger解析：选D。

in danger(of)表示“处境危险，有……的危险”；out of danger 意为“脱离危险”。

注意在这两个介词短语中，danger前习惯上不用冠词。

2. He was at a ________what to say to the teacher’s question—obviously he was ________in thought just now.A. loss；losingB. loss；lostC. losing；lostD. lost；loss解析：选B。

第一个空考查固定词组at a loss，意为“困惑，不知所措”。

第二个空考查固定搭配be lost in. . . “沉迷于……”。

3. Teacher’s words and deeds________a great effect ________their students.A. have; onB. give; toC. make; inD. take; to解析：选A。

have an effect on/upon sb. /sth. ＝influence sb. /sth. 对……影响，起作用；give effect to使生效；take effect生效，奏效。

4. The exam he paid no attention to ________ him the chance to go to college.A. being costB. be costC. costingD. cost解析：选D。

第五节代词和介词(短语)考向分析题型一关于代词和介词(短语)的语法填空1．Nervouslyfacingchallenges，IknowIwillwhisperto(I) thetwosimplewords“Beyourself”．(2019·北京)答案myself解析考查代词。

句意为：焦虑不安地面临挑战时，我知道我将轻声对自己说：“做你自己。

”此处whisperto这一动作的发出者和承受者为同一人，宾语要用反身代词。

故填myself。

2．Astudyshowsthestudentswhoareengagedinafter­sch oolactivitiesarehappierthan (that) whoarenot.(2019·天津)答案those解析考查代词。

句意为：一项研究表明，参加课外活动的学生比不参加课外活动的学生更开心。

空格处代词对应thestudents，是复数，故填those。

3．Runningischeap，easyandit’salwaysenergetic.Ifyouaretimepoor，youneedrunforonlyhalfthetimetogetthesamebenefitsasothersports，soperhapsweshouldallgiveatry.(2018·全国Ⅰ)答案running/it解析考查名词或代词。

此处号召我们尝试一下这种运动，因此可以填名词running，也可以用it指代。

givesth.atry尝试一下某事。

4．Whenthegorillas(大猩猩) andIfrightenedeachother，Iwasjustgladtofind(they) alive.(2018·全国Ⅲ)答案them解析考查代词之人称代词。

分析句子结构可知，此处要用代词作find的宾语，故要用人称代词的宾格。

江苏高考任务型阅读近5年考情分布年份标题词数文体考查题型信息查找题信息转换题信息概括题2019 The Cost ofThinking417 说明文 4 4 22018How ArtsPromote OurEconomy416 说明文 2 7 12017 PopulationChange488 说明文 1 3 62016 An Extensionof the HumanBrain430 说明文 2 1 72015 What NewsStories DoYou Read？411 说明文 3 3 7【图解题型】【解题步骤】一般根据题目特点，可分为以下三步：(1)略读—快速浏览抓住文章中心大意以及文章的结构(借助所给图表结构)任务型阅读图表高度概括了原文信息，为了节约时间并且提高解题的针对性，先读图中的内容，然后在原文中进行定位，定位后进行定词，定词后定性(如名词、动词、形容词、副词)，最后定形(如单复数、非谓语形式、大小写等)。

(2)细读—定位，定词，定性，定形。

带着问题，找到文章对应点，确认题型，分析整理归纳信息并且准确表达信息。

(3)复读—复读文章，反复揣摩所填之词是否符合文章内容，其拼写是否正确。

第一讲信息查找题信息查找题即原文词汇复现，属于最简单的基础题，要求考生能快速地在文章中查找相关细节，锁定信息来源，并用文章中的词或其适当形式填空。

解题关键是根据问题查找并准确定位信息。

信息查找题考查的都是原文词汇，但现在其呈现形式越来越隐蔽，考生做题时一定要细心。

[典例](2019·江苏卷)The Cost of ThinkingDespite their many differences, all human beings share several defining characteristics,such as large brains and the ability to walk upright on two legs.The first unique human characteristic is that humans have extraordinarily large brains compared with other animals.It seems obvious that evolution should select for larger brains.Mammals (哺乳动物) weighing sixty kilograms have an average brain size of 200 cm3.Modern man has a brain averaging 1200-1400 cm3.We are so fond of our high intelligence that we assume that when it comes to brain power，more must be better.Unfortunately, that is not the case.The fact is that a huge brain is a huge drain—consumption of energy—on the body.It’s not easy to carry around，especially when boxed inside a massive skull (颅骨).It’s even harder to provide energy.In modern man, the brain accounts for about 2%-3% of total body weight, but it consumes 25% of the body’s energy when the body is at rest.By comparison, the brains of apes (类人猿) require only 8% of rest-time energy.Early humans paid for their large brains in two ways.Firstly, they spent more time in search of fo od.Secondly, their muscles grew smaller and weaker.It’s hardly an obvious conclusion that this is a good way to survive.A chimpanzee (黑猩猩) can’t win an argument with a modern man, but it can tear the man apart like a rag doll.Another unique human characte ristic is that we walk upright.Standing up, it’s easier to find food or enemies.In addition, their arms that are unnecessary for moving around are freed for other purposes, like throwing stones or signaling.As a result, humans can perform very complex tasks with their hands.Yet walking upright has its disadvantage.The bone structure of our ancestors developed for millions of years to support a creature that walked on all fours and had a relatively small head.Adjusting to an upright position was quite a challenge, especially when the bones had to support an extra-large skull.Humankind paid for its broad vision and skillful hands with backaches and painful necks.We assume that a large brain makes huge advantages.It seems obvious that these have made humankind the most powerful animal on earth.But humans enjoyed all of these advantages for a full 2 million years during which they remained weak and marginal creatures.Thus humans who lived a million years ago，despite their big brains and sharp stone tools, lived in constant fear of meat-eating animals.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人类大脑进化带来的诸多影响。

新教材适用高中英语学案新人教版必修第二册：Section ⅢListening and Talking，Reading for WritingⅠ.重点单词1． charge n．收费；指控；主管 vt.收费；控告；充电2． announce vt.宣布；通知；声称3． amount n．金额；数量4． gallery n．(艺术作品的)展览馆；画廊5． approach n．方法；途径；接近 vt.接近；接洽；着手处理vi.靠近6． ensure vt.保证；确保；担保7． landscape n．(陆上，尤指乡村的)风景8． generous adj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的9． butter n．黄油；奶油 vt.涂黄油于10． honey n．蜂蜜11． ancestor n．祖宗；祖先12． position n．位置；姿态；职位13． snack n．点心；小吃14． eager adj.热切的；渴望的15． poet n．诗人16． county n．(英国、爱尔兰的)郡；(美国的)县17． roll vi.& vt.(使)翻滚；(使)滚动 n．卷(轴)；翻滚18． cattle n．牛19． ocean n．大海；海洋20． greet vt.问候；迎接21． pub n．酒吧；酒馆22． wine n．葡萄酒；果酒23． beer n．(一杯)啤酒24． custom n．风俗；习俗；习惯25． striking adj.引人注目的；显著的26． crowd n．人群；一群人；民众 vt.挤满；使……拥挤Ⅱ.重点短语1．at the entrance of 在……的入口2．attend to 处理；照料3．watch over 照看，照料4．have an influence on/upon 对……有影响5．be dotted with 点缀着6．make up 编造；形成；构成；弥补7．breathe in 吸入8．introduce oneself to sb.向某人做自我介绍9．be likely to 很可能10． on fire着火11． in ruins严重受损，破败不堪Ⅲ.重点句型1．The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties isa true feast for the eyes， with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle.“绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。

2020届高考英语总复习名师全程导学案：Unit4名师点津A case study of a famous teacher in charge of English review in 2020 college entrance exam ination2020届高考英语总复习名师全程导学案：Unit4名师点津前言：小泰温馨提醒，英语作为在许多国际组织或者会议上都是必需语言，几乎所有学校选择英语作为其主要或唯一的外语必修课。

英语教学涉及多种专业理论知识，包括语言学、第二语言习得、词汇学、句法学、文体学、语料库理论、认知心理学等内容。

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XX届高考英语总复习名师全程导学案：unit4 名师点津（新人教版必修一）1.________，the headmaster rose to indicate that the conversation was ________.a. at an end；in an endb. in the end；at an endc. in an end；at the endd. at an end；in the end解析：选b。

in the end意为“最后；终于”，at an end意为“结束；终结”，常用作表语。

2.after the explosion，the roads are full of________people leaving the city.a. afraidb.frightenedc. frighteningd. scary解析：选b。

frightened“感到害怕的”，常用来修饰人。

afraid“害怕的”，多用做表语；frightening“令人害怕的”，常用于修饰事物；scary“吓人的；可怕的”。

Section ⅢGrammar表一：条件状语从句表二：条件状语从句的省略表三：让步状语从句【例1】She says that she'll have to close the shop________business improves.【解析】unless 引导条件状语从句，意为“除非，如果不”。

句意：她说如果生意不改善她将关闭商店。

【答案】unless【例2】He is so busy. He cannot afford enough time with his son ________if he wants to.【解析】even if “即使”，引导让步状语从句。

句意：他如此忙。

即使他想与儿子在一起他也抽不出时间。

【答案】even【例3】You can borrow my car______you promise not to drive too fast.【解析】as long as只要，用来引导条件状语从句。

【答案】as long as【例4】It is hard for the Greek government to get over the present difficulties________it gets more financial support from the European Union.【解析】unless引导条件状语从句，意为“如果不”。

【答案】unless【例5】Leave your key with your neighbour______you lock yourself out one day.【解析】in case以防，万一，用来引导条件状语从句。

【答案】in case【例6】I have a tight budget for the trip，so I'm not going to fly________the airline lowers ticket prices.【解析】unless引导条件状语从句，意为“如果不”。

2020届高考英语总复习名师全程导学案：Unit4名师点津（新人教版必修三）Ⅰ. 单项填空1. (2008年高考湖北卷)The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly ________.A. atmosphereB. stateC. situationD. phenomenon解析：选A。

句意：两国高层领导人之间的会谈在友好的气氛中举行。

atmosphere气氛；state状态；situation处境；phenomenon现象。

由句意可知A项正确。

2. —How long are you staying?—I don’t know. ________.A. That’s OKB. Never mindC. It dependsD. It doesn’t matter解析：选C。

从所提供的情景“你要呆多久？”“我不知道。

”表明对方不确定他要呆多久，只能“看情况而定”。

That’s OK.意为“行，好吧”。

Never mind. 和It doesn’t matter. 意为“不要紧，没关系。

”3. Their mother ________dinner at the kitchen when a quarrel ________among the children.A. was preparing；was broken outB. prepared；was broken outC. was preparing；broke outD. prepared；broke out解析：选C。

短语break out为不及物动词短语，不用被动语态，可先排除A、B两项。

根据语境第一处用过去进行时态。

句意：妈妈正在厨房做饭这时孩子们争吵起来了。

4. This kind of social phenomenon could exist only for a few months，and it will disappear ________.A. in no timeB. on the timeC. at a timeD. at one time解析：选A。

Student learning caseGrammar FillingTeaching aims:1.Understand the testing points of Grammar Filling;2.Make students master the strategies of Grammar Filling;3.Put the language points in the passage to use；4.Arouse students’ emotional awareness.Step 1: 解题策略Step 2：真题在线A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for___61___(be) Britain’s oldest full-time employee—still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, ___62___ she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have ___63___(final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名) her to be Cheshire’s Woman Of The Year.Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene___64___(declare) she had no plans ___65___(retire) from her36-year-old business. Irene said, “I don’t see any reason to give up work.I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I___66___(make) over the years. I work not because I have to, ___67___ because I want to.”Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31—who works alongside her in the family business—said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said, “We don’t have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call ___68___(say) she was short-listed, we thought it was ___69___ joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It’s ____70____(wonder).”Step 3：合作探究Put the language points to use:_________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ Step 4：策略运用【2017.全国Ⅱ卷】In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible 61(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and 62work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, 63(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over 64top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.Steam engines 65(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been66(fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using 67every day.Later, engineers 68(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known as the Tube. This development was only possible with the69(introduce) of electric-powered enginesand lifts. The Central London Railway was one of the most70 (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.Homework：1.Write a short story about Meng Wanzhou. Try to use as many language points in the passage as possible .__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ 2. Finish the Grammar Filling.【2019.全国Ⅱ卷】The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence ___61___ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been ___62___(poor)studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.Modern methods ___63___ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ___64___(perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut ___65___(report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a ___66___(believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by ___67___(note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are ___68___(high) than they ac tually are. Of ___69___nineteen rec ognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six ____70____(be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.自我课堂小结：__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________自我反思：_________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________。

语鹅市安置阳光实验学校阅读理解精讲精炼19 101.You've just come home, after living abroad for a few years. Sinceyou've been away, has this country changed for the better—or for theworse?If you've just arrived back in the UK after a fortnight's holiday,small changes have probably surprised you—anything from a localgreengrocer suddenly being replaced by a mobile­phone shop to someonein your street moving house.So how have things changed to people coming back to Britain afterseven, ten or even 15 years living abroad? What changes in society canthey see that the rest of us have hardly noticed—or now take for granted?To find out, we asked some people who recently returned.Debi: When we left, Cheltenham, my home town, was a town of white,middle­class families—all very conservative(保守的). The town is nowhome to many eastern Europeans and lots of Australians, who come heremainly to work in hotels and tourism. There are even several shops onlyfor foreigners.Having been an immigrant (移民) myself, I admire people who go overseas to find a job. Maybe if I lived in an inner city where unemployment was high, I'd think differently, but I believe foreign settlers have improved this country because they're more open­minded and often work harder than the natives.Christine: As we flew home over Britain, both of us remarked how green everything looked. But the differences between the place we'd left behind and the one we returned to were brought sharply into focus as soon as we landed.To see policemen with guns in the airport for the first time was frightening—in Cyprus, they're very relaxed—and I got pulled over by customs officers just for taking a woolen sweater with some metal­made buttons out of my case in the arrivals hall. Everyone seemed to be on guard. Ev en the airport car­hire firm wanted a credit card rather than cash because they said their vehicles had been used by bank robbers.But anyway, this is still a green, beautiful country. I just wish more people would appreciate what they've got.51．After a short overseas holiday, people tend to ________.A．notice small changesB．expect small changesC．welcome small changesD．exaggerate small changes52．How does Debi look at the foreign settlers?A．Cautiously. B．Positively.C．Sceptically. D．Critically.53．When arriving at the airport in Britain, Christine was shocked by ________.A．the relaxed policemenB．the messy arrivals hallC．the tight securityD．the bank robbers54．Which might be the best title for the passage?A．Life in Britain.B．Back in Britain.C．Britain in Future.D．Britain in Memory.【要点综述】此篇涉及人们对家乡变化的关注，短期离家和长期离开家乡的人们对家乡变化的感悟是不一样的。

国教中心2019--2020学年度高三下期英语二轮复习专题学案语法填空（三）答案考向一有提示词一、提示词为动词动词在7个提示词中所占的比重最大，一般4个；以考查动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词以及词形转换为主。

1．谓语和非谓语的判断根据英语的句法结构，如果一个句子中要出现多个动作，构成的句式有以下三种：[典例1]Modern methods 63.of/for tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid­1980s，and are expensive 64 (perform) consistently over a large area.(2019·全国Ⅰ) [to perform空格前出现了谓语动词are，且后边没有连词出现，故此处用非谓语动词；本句含有“主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式”结构，通常用不定式的主动形式表被动意义。

故答案为to perform。

][典例2]I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 66 (make) over the years.(2019·全国Ⅱ)[have made由第二个连词and可知，此处为两个并列句。

故空处应填谓语动词，根据时间状语over the years可知，空处应用现在完成时，故答案为have made。

]2．谓语动词的时态和语态判断所填空处为谓语动词之后，根据以下三个步骤做题：[典例3]In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 65 (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements，leading to a 66.belief that populations are increasing.(2019·全国Ⅰ) [have reported 根据上下文语境，尤其是时间状语In recent years可知，主句用现在完成时态，故填have reported。