初中定语从句练习题及答案

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定语从句练习题附答案解析

1.—Lily, how to keep ourselves safe from the novel coronavirus?

— All _______ we can do for the moment is to wear masks, wash hands frequently

and exercise regularly.

A.what B.that C.how

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——莉莉,如何让我们免受新冠状病毒的感染呢?——目前我们能做的就是戴口罩,勤洗手,经常锻炼身体。

考查定语从句的关系代词。根据句意及句子结构可知,题干是一个含有定语从句的复合句。当先行词是不定代词all时,应用关系代词that引导定语从句,并在从句中作宾语。故选B。

2.—I was thinking about those questions just now________you asked me last week.

— Oh, really? Have you got any valuable ideas?

A.which B.who C.what

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——我刚才一直在考虑你上周问我的问题。——真的吗?你有什么有价值的想法吗?

考查定语从句。which哪一个;who谁;what什么。根据题意"我刚才一直在考虑你上周问我的问题",可知考查定语从句关系代词,其先行词是questions,所以关系代词可以是that/which,结合选项,故选A。

3.— Do you like the song Shao Nian?

— Yes. I like the songs ________ I can sing along with.

A.that B.who C.what D.where

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——你喜欢《少年》这首歌吗?——是的。我喜欢我能跟着唱的歌。 考查定语从句引导词。that关系代词,先行词可以是人,也可以是物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;who关系代词,先行词是人,在从句中作主语或宾语;what不能引导定语从句;where关系副词,先行词是地点,在从句中作状语;这个定语从句先行词是“songs”,指物,且在从句中作宾语,应用that引导。故选A。

4.Creating an atmosphere ________ employees feel part of a team is a big

challenge.

A.as B.whose C.in which D.at which

【答案】C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:营造一种氛围,让员工们感觉(自己)是团队的一分子,这是一大挑战。

考查定语从句。as 主要用在such... as(正如)和the same as(正像)的结构中;whose ……的;in which相当where和when,at which相当于where和when;分析句子可知,“... employees feel part of a team”是定语从句,用来修饰先行词“atmosphere 氛围”,在定语从句中,“氛围”相当于一个地点,常用关系副词“where”引导;又因为“where”相当于“介词+which”,“employees feel part of

a team”和“atmosphere”之间需用介词“in”连接,“employees feel part of a team in

the atmosphere”表示“员工们在这种氛围中感觉(自己)是团队的一分子”,符合句意,故选C。

5.The TV play is about a true story ________ happened in a small town many years

ago.

A.who B.what C.which D.when

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:这部电视剧讲的是一个多年前发生在一个小镇上的真实故事。

考查定语从句。根据“The TV play is about a true story ... happened in a small town

many years ago.”可知,该句是定语从句,先行词是“a true story”,指物,用which。故选C。

6.Mr. Zhong Nanshan, _______ helped the Chinese overcome SARS in 2003, also

plays a very important role in the fight against COVID-19.

A.that B.which C.who

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:钟南山先生在2003年帮助中国人战胜了非典型肺炎,在抗击冠状病毒-19的斗争中也发挥了非常重要的作用。

考查定语从句。who 代指表“人”的先行词在从句中当主语;which代指表“物”的先行词在从句中当主语或宾语;that代指表“物”或“人”的先行词在从句中当主语或宾语,非限定性定语从句的连接代词不能为that;根据语境可知,本句是非限定性定语从句,先行词“Mr. Zhong Nanshan”表人。故选C。

7.—Frank, look! Who are the children under the tree ________ waiting in a line?

—They are the students from No.1 Middle School.

A.that are B.which is C.who is

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——弗兰克,你看!那些在树下排队的孩子是谁?——他们是来自第一中学的学生。

考查定语从句关系词和主谓一致。句子先行词是“children”指人,在从句中作主语,所以关系代词用who/that;而先行词是复数名词,所以从句中的系词用are,故选A。

8.I like the singer ____ different kinds of music.

A.that play B.who play C.who can play D.whom plays

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:我喜欢那位能弹奏不同音乐的歌手。空格后是定语从句,先行词是singer指人,关系词在定语从句中作主语,who/that指人,在定语从句中可以作主语。that/who在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句的谓语动词的单复数与先行词的单复数一致,故排除AB;whom在定语从句作宾语,故排除D。情态动词没有人称和数的变化,故选C。 点睛:口诀:关系代词有六个,听我逐一来说破; which表物,人用who,人物都有that顾; which用在逗号后,意表前句你要know; who做主语很称职,whom用到宾语里。

9.When will the man ______ wrote a letter to you last month arrive?

A./ B.he

C.which D.that

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

句意:上个月写信给你的那个人什么时候到?

考查定语从句的关联词,此句的先行词是the man,指人。which只能指代物;that可以指代人或物,在定语从句中作主语,并且不能省略;he是人称代词,不能引导定语从句,故答案为D。

10.Yuan Longping is a scientist ________ is famous for the development of rice.

A.that B.whom

C.what D.which

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:袁龙平是一位以水稻的发展而闻名的科学家。这里是定语从句,先行词是a scientist是指人,这里关系词用that或who;如果先行词是物,关系词用that或which。Whom先行词是人,在定语从句中做宾语;what不能引导定语从句;根据题意,故选A。

【点睛】

which 与 that 在定语从句中 被称为:关系代词

which 引导定语从句时,先行词是物,在从句中可做主语、宾语、表语

that 引导定语从句时,先行词既可以是人,也可以是物,在从句中也可做主语、宾语、表语

关于which和that的常考点:

一、在限制性定语从句中,只能用that不能用which的情况:

1)当先行词是指物的不定代词

例:Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself? 2)当先行词前面有下列词修饰时:the only,the very,just,any,every,some等

例:This is the very busy that I’m waiting for.

3)当先行词是形容词的最高级或先行词的前面有形容词最高级修饰时

例子:This is the best that has been used against pollution.

4)当先行词是序数词或前面有序数词修饰时

例:The train is the last that will go to Suzhou.

5)当先行词既有人,又有物

例:Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?

6)当主句的主语是疑问词 who 或 which 时

例:which is the bike that you lost?Who is the boy that won the gold medal?

7)主句是there be句型且关系词在从句中作主语时

例:there is a seat in the corner that is still available.

11.We believe that success always belongs to the people ________ never say “give

up”.

A.whom B.what C.who D.which

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:我们相信成功总是属于那些从不说放弃的人们。

考查关系代词。whom指代人,作宾语;what不能引导定语从句;who指代人,作主语、宾语;which指代物,作主语、宾语。“We believe that…”是宾语从句,从句中包含一个定语从句,先行词是“people”,表示人,且在定语从句中作主语,则应用关系代词who,故选C。

12.The young lady _________ is interviewing Lin Zhixuan about the program I Am a

Singer is from 21st Century Talent Net.

A.who B.whom C.which D.what

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:正在采访林志炫关于“我是歌手”节目的年轻女士来自21世纪人才网。