2015高考二轮英语专题(五、六)情态虚拟简单并列句

情态动词与虚拟语气题一：Mary was badly ill, otherwise she ______.A. would have attendedB. must have attendedC. could attendD. would attend题二：They must have enjoyed themselves there, otherwise they ______so long.A. can’t have stayedB. wouldn’t have stayedC. can’t stayD. wouldn’t stay题三：You did turn in your report on time, but it______better, you know.A. could be doneB. must be doneC. could have been doneD. must have been done题四：—Jenny took the 8:00 bus to Shanghai this morning.—Really? She_______the 9:00 train. It’s much more comfortable and safer to travel by train.A. could have takenB. should takeC. must have takenD. can take题五：It rained and rained as if it ______ .A. never stoppedB. had never stoppedC. never stopsD. would never stop题六：It looks as if they ______ the truth, but in fact they are not.A. are tellingB. tellC. toldD. were telling题七：It’s still early. You hurry.A. mustn’tB. wouldn’tC. may notD. needn’t题八：—Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.—Thanks. You ______ have done it. I could manage it myself.A. needn’tB. wouldn’tC. may notD. shouldn’t题九：— Happy Teachers’ Day!—Thank you! It’s the best present I _____for.A. should have wishedB. must have wishedC. may have wishedD. could have wished题十：I_________ have been more than six years old when the accident happened. A. shouldn’t B.couldn’t C.mustn’t D.needn’t题十一：I offered Jimmy some milk, but he _________drink it.A. mustn’tB. wouldn’tC. shouldn’tD. mightn’t题十二：I have decided to take the job and I _____ change my mind.A. mustn’tB. can’tC. won’tD. may not题十三：You______ have spent any money on the software. It was available for free.A. needn’tB. may notC. can’tD. mustn’t题十四：As it turned out to be a small house party, we ________ have dressed upso formally.A. shouldn’tB. couldn’tC. might notD. needn’t题十五：It has been announced that candidates ______ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.A. canB. willC. mayD. shall题十六：According to the newly-made traffic regulation，whoever drives through red light be fined at least 200 dollars.A. shallB. mayC. wouldD. should题十七：If you______me, I would have given you his address.A. askedB. should askC. had askedD. has asked题十八：John went to the hospital alone. If he______me about it, I would have gone with him.A. should tellB. tellsC. toldD. had told题十九：If it ______ another ten minutes, the game would have been called off. A. rained B. would have rained C. have seen D. had rained题二十：If he ______ so much of his time playing computer games, he might have done something useful.A. hadn’t spentB. didn’t spendC. shouldn’t spendD. were not to spend题二十一：We ______ work too much for the people.A. can’tB. shouldn’tC. mustn’tD. needn’t题二十二：You _______ pay too much attention to your reading skill, as it is so important.A. can’tB. shouldn’tC. mustn’tD. needn’t题二十三：You didn’t dr ive me. If we ______ in turn, you wouldn’t have got so tired.A. droveB. droveC. were drivingD. had driven题二十四：—Mike, it's a pity you didn’t come to last night’s Concert. It was really great!—Really? If I ______so busy, I would have gone with you.A. hadn't beenB. weren’tC. shouldn’t beD. wouldn’t be题二十五：Joan ______ come with us this afternoon, but she isn't very sure yet.A. canB. mightC. mustD. will题二十六：—Who______ it be that is knocking at the door?—It ______ be Father, but I’m not sure.A. can; mustB. can; mayC. must; canD. may; must题二十七：Had he been free yesterday, he ______ to Jane’s birthday party.A. will goB. would have goneC. had goneD. went题二十八：Had it not been for the sudden rain, we _______ in the zoo, which a lot of people visit every day.A. would enjoy ourselvesB. enjoyed ourselvesC. had enjoyed ourselvesD. would have enjoyed ourselves题二十九：-Could I have a word with you, mum?-Oh dear, if you _______.A. canB. mustC. mayD. should题三十：-May I smoke here?-If you _____ , choose a seat in the smoking section.A. shouldB. couldC. mayD. must题一：A详解：otherwise引导的是含蓄虚拟条件句。

学习资料高考英语二轮复习情态动词和虚拟语气考点讲解含解析班级：科目：情态动词和虚拟语气第一部分、情态动词一、can/could与be able to1．can/could用来表示“一般能力”；be able to有多种时态，且用来表示在特定条件下的“具体能力”。

如：My grandma is over seventy，but she can still read without glasses。

They will be able to tell you the news soon.He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out。

2．表示允许可用can或could,与may/might意义接近。

could可用于现在时，只是语气更加委婉、客气,回答时则一般要用can而不用could。

-Could I have the television on?-Yes,you can./No，you can’t。

二、may与might1．表示允许，意为“可以,许可”，用法基本上同can与could。

如:May I use your bicycle？2．表示可能性，意为“也许,可能”.如:According to the weather forecast， it may rain tomorrow。

3．may可以放在句首，表示祝愿.如：May good luck be yours!三、must与have to1．must用来表示说话人的主观看法；have to表示客观的需要，强调外界压力,不得已而为之。

如: He said that they must work hard.他说他们必须努力工作。

(主观上要做这件事）My brother was ill， so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.我弟弟生病了，我只得半夜里把医生请来.(客观上需要做这件事)2．表示“不必”，须用don't have to或needn't.must的否定式表示“禁止，绝对不可"。

高考英语二轮情态动词和虚拟语气专题训练1.准确把握情态动词表允许、推测、判断等用法。

2．准确把握情态动词在虚拟语气句子结构中的使用。

3．wish，as if/though，if only，would rather＋从句，It's time＋从句等句型中的虚拟语气。

4．表示“坚持、命令、建议、要求”的词语后及各类从句中的虚拟语气。

5．虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的倒装。

6．2011年高考将重点考查情态动词表“推测和可能性、必要性、请1.(2010·辽宁高考)Doctors say that exercise is important for health，but it ________ be regular exercise.A．can B．willC．must D．may解析：考查情态动词辨析。

句意：医生说，锻炼对于健康很重要，但是必须是有规律的锻炼。

情态动词must表示“必须”，符合句意。

答案：C2．(2010·四川高考)—________ I take the book out?—I'm afraid not.A．Will B．MayC．Must D．Need解析：考查情态动词。

may表示征求对方的许可。

句意：“我能将书带出吗？”“恐怕不行。

”答案：B3．(2010·重庆高考)You ________ park here！It's an emergency exit.A．wouldn't B．needn'tC．couldn't D．mustn't解析：考查情态动词。

根据题干中的“emergency exit”可知“此处是不允许停车的”，故用mustn't表示禁止。

答案：D4．(2011·长春一模)—Jane walked past me without greeting.—She ________ you.A．can't see B．couldn't seeC．can't have seen D．mustn't have seen解析：考查情态动词的用法。

2012 级 11、12 班高考备战【情态动词与虚拟语气高考题目集锦】1. --- You needn ‘t take an umbrella. It isn ‘t going to r -a - -i n W . ell, I don ‘t know. It do.A. mightB. needC. wouldD. should2. He __ sleep, although he tried to, when he got on such a hunt for an idea until he had caught it.A. wouldn ‘tB. shouldn ‘tC. couldn t ‘D. mustn ‘t3. When I was a child, I ____ watch TV whenever I wanted to.A. shouldB. couldC. mustD. need4. Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He _____ too much at the party last night.A. could drinkB. should drinkC. would have drunkD. must have drunk5. The children lost in the woods; otherwise, they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled.A. must have gotB. must getC. should have gotD. should get6. —Why are your eyes so red? You _______ have slept well last night.—Yeah, I stayed up late writing a report.A. can ‘tB. mustn ‘tC. needn ‘tD. won ‘t7. No one be more generous; he has a heart of gold.A. couldB. mustC. dareD. need8. Since nobody gave him any help, he have done the research on his own.A. canB. mustC. wouldD. need9.The door open , no matter how hard she pushed.A. shouldn ‘tB. couldn'tC. wouldn'tD. mightn't10. I ________ myself more —it was a perfect day.A. shouldn t ‘have enjoyedB. needn ‘t have enjoyedC. wouldn t ‘have enjoyedD. couldn ‘t have enjoyed11. - What are you doing this Saturday? - I ‘m not sure, but I go to the Rolling Stones concert.A. mustB. wouldC. shouldD. might12. It be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words. A. may B. couldn‘t C. should D. needn ‘t 13. If we a table earlier, we couldn ‘t be standing here in a queue.A. have bookedB. bookedC. bookD. had booked14. ----Do you think George has passed the driving test?----No. If so, he ______ his car to our college yesterday.A. would driveB. droveC. would have drivenD. had driven15. I should not have laughed if I you were serious.A. thoughtB. would thinkC. had thoughtD. have thought16. My mom suggests that we eat out for a change this weekend.A. shouldB. mightC. couldD. would17. If he had spent more time practicing speaking English before, he able to speak it much better now.A. will beB. would beC. has beenD. would have been18. Eye doctors re commend that a child ‘s first eye exam ______ at the age of six months old.A. wasB. beC. wereD. is19. - It rained cats and dogs this morning. I ‘m glad we took an umbrella.- Yeah, we would have got wet all over if weA. hadn ‘tB. haven'tC. didn'tD. don't 20. I to my cousin ‘ s birthday party last night, but I was not availableA. wentB. had goneC. would goD. would have gone21 ．We have bought so much food now that S uzie won ‘t be with us for dinner.A．may not B．needn‘t C．can‘t D．mustn‘t- 1 - Presented by Luke2012 级 11、12 班高考备战21. Sorry, I am too busy now. If I ____ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you.A. have hadB. had hadC. haveD. had22.- ____you interrupt now? Can ‘t you see I ‘m on the phon-eS?orry Sir, but it ‘s urgent.A. CanB. ShouldC. MustD. Would23. One of our rules is that every student wear school uniform while at school.A. mightB. couldC. shallD. will24. I got close enough to hear them speaking Chinese, and I said ―Ni Hao ‖ just as I ____ do in China.A. mustB. mightC. canD. should25. If my car ____more reliable, I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer.A. wasB. had beenC. should beD. would be26. I______ thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home.A. won ‘tB. can ‘tC. canD. will27. We ______ the difficulty together, but why d idn ‘t you tell me?A. should faceB. might faceC. could have facedD. must have faced28. Don ‘t handle the vase as if it ____ made of steel.A. isB. wereC. has beenD. had been29. I ‘m going to Europe on vacation together with John if I ____ find the money.A. canB. mightC. wouldD. need31 We would have called a taxi yesterday if Harold ____us a ride home.A. didn ‘t offerB. wouldn ‘t offerC. hasn ‘t offeredD. hadn ‘t offered32 It ‘s quite warm here; we __ _turn the heating on yet.A. couldn ‘tB. mustn ‘tC. needn ‘tD. wouldn ‘t33. I use a clock to wake me up because at six o'clock each morning the train comes by my house.A. couldn'tB. mustn'tC. shouldn'tD. needn't34. If we ___ adequate prep arations, the conference wouldn ‘t have been so successful.A. haven ‘t madeB. wouldn ‘t makeC. didn ‘t makeD. hadn ‘t made35. We lost our way in that small village, otherwise we____ more places of interest yesterday.A. visitedB. had visitedC. would visitD. would have visited36.— Happy birthday! —Thank y ou! It ‘s the best present I ___for.A. should have wishedB. must have wishedC. may have wishedD. could have wished37 .Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but ___ say where he was.A. mustn'tB. shouldn'tC. wouldn'tD. mightn't38.Grace doesn't want to move to New Y ork because she thinks if she there, she wouldn't be able to see herparents very often.A. livesB. would liveC. having askedD. were to live39. We _____ the difficulty together, but why didn ‘t you tell me?a. should faceb. might facec. could have facedd. must have faced40. Jack is a great talker. It ‘s high time that he ______ something instead of just talking.a. will dob. has donec. dod. did41. Had they known what was coming next, they _____ second thoughts.a. may haveb. could havec. must have hadd. might have had42. The new law states that people _____ drive after drinking alcohol.a. wouldn ‘tb. needn ‘tc. won ‘td. mustn ‘t43 They have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.A. willB. canC. mustD. should44 If you smoke, please go outside.A. canB. shouldC. mustD. may45 —I don ‘retally like James. Why did you invite him?- 2 - Presented by Luke—Don‘t worry. He come. He said he wasn ‘t certain what his plans were.A. must notB. need notC. would notD. might not46 ——Where are the children? The dinner ‘s going to be completely ruined.——I wish they always late.A. weren ‘tB. hadn ‘t beenC. wouldn ‘t beD. wouldn ‘t have been47 Maybe if I science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.A. studiedB. would studyC. had studiedD. was studying48 I _____ sooner but I didn ‘t know that they were waiting for me.A. had comeB. was comingC. would comeD. would have come49 Some young people these days just ____ go out of their homes to contact the real world.A. mustn ‘tB. won‘tC. mightn ‘tD. shouldn ‘t50—I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.—How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone ______ it.A. will have stolenB. might have stolenC. should have stolenD. must have stolen51 —Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?—I am afraid you , in case he comes late for the meeting .A. willB. mustC. mayD. can52 —Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.—I it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview.A. attendedB. had attendedC. would attendD. would have attended53 —What do you think of store shopping in the future?—Personally, I think it will exist along with home shopping but _____.A. will never replaceB. would never replaceC. will never be replacedD. would never be replaced54 —How‘s your new babysitter? —We ____ ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much.A. shouldB. mightC. mustn?tD. couldn ‘t55 The police s till haven ‘t found the lost child, but they ‘re doing all the. yA. canB. mayC. mustD. should56 —Why didn ‘t you come to Simon ‘s party last night?— I wanted to ,but my mom simply _________ not let me out so late at night.A. couldB. mightC. wouldD. should57 I_______ through that bitter period without your generous help.A. couldn ‘t have goneB. didn ‘t goC. wouldn ‘t goD. hadn ‘t gone58 —Will you read me a story ,Mummy?—OK. You_____ have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.A. mightB. mustC. couldD. shall59 No one ________ be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.A. canB. needC. mustD. might60 If you go, at least wait until the storm is over.A. canB. mayC. mustD. will61 It _______ be the postman at the door. It ‘s only six o ‘clock.A. mustn ‘tB. can ‘tC. won ‘tD. needn ‘t62 We _____John ‘s name on the race li st yesterday but for his recent injury.A. will putB. will have putC. would putD. would have put63 Jack described his father, who ___a brave boy many years ago, as a strong –willed manA. would beB. would have beenC. must beD. must have been64 Bob would have helped us yesterday, but he ____A. was busyB. is busyC. had been busy.D. will be busy65 You buy a gift, but you can if you want to.- 3 - Presented by LukeA. mustB. mustn ‘tC. have toD. d on‘t have to66 If he my advice, he wouldn't have lost his job.A. followedB. should followC. had followedD. would follow67 I have told you the truth. ____ I keep repeating it?A MustB CanC MayD Will68 I_____ have watched that movie —it ‘ll give me horrible dreams.A. shouldn ‘tB. needn ‘tC. couldn ‘tD. mustn ‘t69 Mark have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.A. needn ‘tB. wouldn ‘tC. mustn ‘tD. couldn ‘t70 John went to the hospital alone. If he me about it, I would have gone with him.A. should tellB. tellsC. toldD. had told71 —I take the book out? —I ‘m afraid not.A. WillB. MayC. MustD. Need72 Just be patient .You ____ expect the world to change so soon .A. can ‘tB. needn ‘tC. may notD. whether73 —I haven ‘t got the reference book yet, but I ‘ll have a test on the subjectnnthe.xt mo—Don‘t worry. You____ have it by Friday.A. couldB. shallC. mustD. may74 George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I ‘d rather h e___m_o r e on its culture.A. focusB. focusedC. would focusD. had focused75 -- May I take this book out of the reading room? -- No, you . You read it in here.A. mightn ‘tB. won ‘tC. needn ‘tD. mustn ‘t76 If we ___ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.A. takeB. had takenC. tookD. have taken77 I ‘m afraid Mr. Harding _________see you now. He ‘s busy.A. can ‘tB. mustn ‘tC. shouldn ‘t D .needn ‘t＊It ‘s said that they have swum to the island from the continent, but they ________ （不可能做到） because theocean in between is too wide. (do)＊, Mr. Johnson insisted that the problem worthy of attention ________ ( 讨论) at the meeting. (discuss)78 Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it _______ be regular exercise.A. canB. willC. mustD. may79 -- Good morning. I ‘ve got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department.-- Ah, good morning. You be Mrs. Peters.A. mightB. mustC. wouldD. can80 --The weather has been very hot and dry.--Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables .A. wouldn't dieB. d idn't dieC. hadn ‘t diedD. wouldn ‘t have died81 Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy .A．would have been saved B．had been savedC．will be saved D．was saved82 ―You ____ have a wrong number, ‖ she said. ―There ‘s no one of that namehere. ‖A. needB. canC. mustD. would83 ---Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the assignment yesterday.---Oh, you have done it as yesterday was the deadline.A. mustB. mustn'tC. shouldD. shouldn't84 You park here! It ‘s an emergency exit.A. wouldn ‘tB. needn ‘tC. couldn ‘tD. mustn ‘t- 4 - Presented by Luke指导参考范例2012 级 11、12 班高考备战参考答案：1-10 ACBDA BABCD11-20DBDCC ABBAD21-30BDCCD BBCBA31-40DCDDD DCDCD41-50DDDCD ACDBB51-60BDCDA CADAC61-70BDDAD CAAAD71-80BABBD BACBD81-84ACCD- 5 - Presented by Luke。

专题六情态动词和虚拟语气1.【2015·北京】29．—Can’t you stay a little longer?—It’s getting late. I really _____go now, My daughter is home alone.A .mayB .canC . mustD .dare【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：——你不能再多待会儿吗?——很晚了，我必须得走了。

我女儿一个人在家。

A. may可能，可以，也许；B. can能，会；C. must必须，必然要，必定会；D. dare敢，胆敢。

结合句意，故选C。

【考点定位】考查情态动词辨析【名师点睛】本题是考查情态动词，这里考查的是语气的强度，在这里结合语境是“一定”的意思，所以要做好此类辨析题需掌握情态动词选项的语气并结合语境。

2.【2015·北京】34. If I _____it with my own eyes ,I wouldn’t have believed it.A . didn’t see B. weren’t seeing C. wouldn’t see D. hadn’t seen【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：如果不是我亲眼看到，我不会相信。

根据后半句wouldn’t have believed可以判断是对过去的虚拟。

所以从句是if+主语+ had+done的形式。

故选D。

【考点定位】虚拟语气【名师点睛】条件句中有if引导时,首先要根据句意和句子结构判断是真实条件句还是虚拟条件句,如果符合虚拟的结构,就可以根据句子中的时间和语意判断应该用哪种虚拟语气。

3.【2015·重庆】7. Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway____ his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.A.d idn’t writeB. hadn’t writtenC. wouldn’t writeD. wouldn’t have written【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：没有他战时的经验，海明威就不可能写出著名的小说永别了武器。

简单句的基本句型一．S(主语)＋V(系动词)＋P(表语)主系表结构是由“主语＋系动词＋表语”组成，用以说明主语的特征、类属、状态、身份等。

系动词不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语。

连系动词有三类：(1)表示特征和存在状态的be，seem，feel，appear，look，smell，taste，sound；(2)表示状态延续的remain，stay，keep，continue，stand；(3)表示状态变化的become，get，turn，go，run，fall，come，grow；如：1．Traffic in cities is getting_heavier_and_heavier.2．Anyone should be_honest_and_helpful to his families，teachers and classmates.本句型中表语可以由名词，代词，形容词，副词，介词短语和分词等充当，如：1．He (主语) is (系动词) a_boy.(名词作表语)2．She(主语) looks(系动词) beautiful.(形容词作表语)3．He (主语)is(系动词)in_good_health.(介词短语作表语)4．The students(主语) became (系动词)annoyed.(过去分词作表语)二．S(主语)＋V(谓语)＋A(状语)主谓结构是由“主语＋不及物动词”构成，常用来表示主语的动作。

此句型的句子有一个共同特点，谓语动词是不及物动词，能表达完整的意思，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。

谓语的修饰语叫状语，状语可以出现在句首或句末，有时无状语。

三．S(主语) ＋V(谓语)＋O(宾语)主谓宾结构是由“主语＋及物动词＋宾语”构成。

此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都是及物动词，都具有实义，都是主语发出的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。

情态动词和虚拟语气情态动词和虚拟语气为中学英语考纲要求的内容，并且是高考内容中的难点之一。

英语中常用的情态动词主要有can，could，may，might，must，will，would，shall，should，ought to，dare，need，used to，had better等。

在学习情态动词时应注意以下几点：同一情态动词表示不同的意义的情况；情态动词后跟各种形式的用法；特别是注意“情态动词+完成式”是高考中的重点所在。

can，could与be able to的用法1．表示现在的能力：can，am/is/are able to。

2．表示将来的能力：will be able to。

3．表示过去的能力：could表示过去的能力，不表示是否成功地做了；was/were able to表示过去有能力做而且成功地做了。

4．can/could表示惊讶，常用在否定句和疑问句中。

5．can/could表示礼貌地请求别人做某事，意为“能，可以”。

may与might的用法1．表示请求、允许时，might比may的语气更委婉一些，否定回答时要用mustn't，表示“不可以”“禁止”“阻止”之意。

2．may/might还可以表示推测，意为“可能”。

3．“may/might as well＋动词原形”意为“最好，倒不如”。

must的用法1．must用于否定句，表示“禁止”，表示说话者的命令或指令，语气比较强烈。

2．must表示必要性，意为“必须”。

3．must表示偏执、固执，意为“非得，偏要”。

need与dare的用法1．need作情态动词时，主要用于否定句和疑问句中。

2．dare作情态动词时，主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中，一般不用在肯定句中。

[注意]在肯定句中need和dare通常为实义动词，否定和疑问需借助助动词do及其变形。

will与would的用法1．表示请求、建议等，would比will委婉客气。

语法专项(五)情态动词与虚拟语气一、情态动词考点一can和could的用法1．表示惊讶，常用在否定句和疑问句中。

How could you do such a silly thing?你怎么能做那样的蠢事呢？2．表示可能性，意为“可能，有时会”。

can和could没有时态的差异，只是could不太肯定。

Jogging can be harmful to the health.慢跑可能会对健康有害。

Accidents can/could happen on such rainy days.这样的多雨天气可能会发生交通事故。

(客观的可能性)3．can用于否定句，意为“应该不是，不可能”。

I think it's all right. She can't make a mistake.我想应该没事，她不可能犯错误。

The story can't be true.这个故事不可能是真的。

4．cannot...too/enough表示“无论……也不过分”；“越……越好”。

You can't be too careful while driving.开车时越小心越好。

You cannot remember enough English words.你记的英语单词越多越好。

5．cannot but＋do sth.表示“不得不，只好”。

I couldn't but choose to go.我只好去。

[考题印证1](2013·安徽改编)It ________ be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words.不可能是词汇导致了你练习中的问题，因为你知道很多的词。

解析：本题考查强调句和情态动词。

根据后半句“because you know a lot of words”，可知此处要用否定词，couldn't“不可能”。

高考英语二轮专题复习 必备虚拟语气1．虚拟语气在状从句中的用法必背结构：从 句 主 句与现在 事实反 动词的过去式（be 的过去式一般用were ）would/ should/ could/ might + 动词原形 与过去事实相反 had + 过去分词 would/ should/ could/ might + have + 过去分词与将来事实相反 动词过去式，should + 动词原形，were to + 动词原形would/ should/ could/ might + 动词原形 必背例句：1、 If my brother were here, everything would be all right.要是我哥哥在这儿 ，一切都没问题了。

2、If you had taken my advice ，you wouldn't (couldn’t) have failed in the exam. 如果你按照我的建议去做，你一定不会(不可能)考试不及格。

3、 If it were Sunday tomorrow, I should (would ，could ，might) go to see my grandmother. 如果明天是星期天，我就 (可能)去看望我奶奶。

4、 If it were to snow this evening, they would not go out.如果今晚下雪，他们将不出去了。

5、 If you had listened to the doctor, you would be all right now. 如果你当初听了医生的话，身体现在就好了。

(混合条件句)6、 Should he come (If he should come), tell him to ring me up.他要是来了，让他给我打个电话。

7、 Were I you (If I were you), I would not do it.我要是你，就不做这事。

英语语法详解虚拟语气并列句We have been proceeding as if reading and listening could both be treated as learning from teachers. To some extent that is true. Both are ways of being instructed, and for both one must be skilled in the art of being taught. Listening to a course of lectures, for example, is in many respects like reading a book; and listening to a poem is like reading it.【翻译】我们一路讲下来，似乎是把读和听都能看作是从老师处学习一样。

从某种程度上看，确实如此。

两个都是被教育的方式，对于两者而言，人们都要对被教育的艺术纯熟于胸。

比如，听一门由讲座构成的课，在很多方面都像是在读一本书；听一首诗就像在读诗一样。

【语法分析】第一句是一个主从复合句，as if 的前面是主句，之后是方式状语从句。

主句用的是现在完成进行时。

表示某个动作从过去某时开始，到现在一直在做，但还未做完。

as if 句里用的动词是虚拟语气could be treated as...，用can的过去式could表示虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反的情况。

第二句是一个简单句。

to some extent是状语。

that是后指，指的是第一句里的reading and listening could both be treated as learning from teachers.第三句是一个并列句，用and把两个分句连接起来。

being instructed和being taught都是动名词的被动语态，都作介词of的宾语。