Unit 1
Conversation 1
Janet:W hat a wonderful view! This is such a great city. Do you ever get tired of living in London, Andy?
Andy:"When a man is tired of London, he is tired of life; for there is in London all that life can afford."
Janet:T hat's a quotation by Samuel Johnson, isn't it?
Andy:C orrect! So do you have any plans when you finish at Oxford?
Janet:I've got another year to go, and then I suppose I'll go back home.
Andy:A nd will you find a job?
Janet:I think I'll have to do my Masters before I look for work. But I must admit London is very special. Do you think you would ever leave London? Andy:S ure! I'd love to come to China one day, and I like travelling. But I think I'll always come back here.
Janet:W ell, your roots are here, and there are so many opportunities.
Andy:B ut have you ever thought of living in London for a year or two?
Janet:Y es, but what could I do here? I had planned to become a teacher. But I've often thought if there was a job I could do here in publishing, maybe as an
editor, I'd go for it.
Andy:T hat sounds like a great idea. I think that would really suit you.
Janet:M aybe I should update my CV and send it to one or two publishers. Andy:D on't make it look too good!
Janet:W hy not?
Andy:W ell, if you enjoy working with London Time Off, we don't want you working with anyone else!
Janet:O h, working with you and Joe, it's great fun, and really interesting. I couldn't think of a better way to find out about a city.
Andy:S o maybe you should think about applying for a job with us.
Janet:B ut do you think I'd stand a chance? I mean, I'm not sure if Joe likes me. Andy:D on't even think about it! Joe is very straight talking, and I promise you that you'd know if he didn't like you!
Janet:P erhaps we should both update our CVs and look for jobs together. Andy:H ey, right! That would be fun.
Conversation 2
Janet:Talking about future plans, how do you see your career developing? Andy:My career? Well, I like working for London Time Off. It's part of a larger
media company called Lift Off USA, so there are lots of opportunities. But... Janet:But what?
Andy:It's not always very easy working with Joe. I mean, I kind of think he has a different agenda. I like his work, but sometimes I don't think his heart's in his
job.
Janet:How did he end up in London?
Andy:He did media studies in the States, and then found work as a gofer at Lift Off in New York.
Janet:What's a gofer?
Andy:Go for this, go for that. It's a word for the least experienced person in the film and TV industry. Then he came to London and got a proper job as a researcher at Lift Off UK, and then after a few years he got the producer's job on London Time Off.
Janet:He's good at his job, isn't he?
Andy:Yes. He's confident and very competent at what he does, so the people who work with him rate him quite highly.
Janet:Except you?
Andy:No, I rate him too. And I get on with him quite well, although we're not best buddies or anything like that. It's just that... I want his job!
Janet:Now we know your little secret. I promise I won't tell anyone!
Andy:It's OK, I suspect he knows it too. But if I can't be a producer on London Time Off, then I guess I'll find something elsewhere. Janet, there was something I
was going to ask you.
Janet:Sure, what is it?
Andy:I was wondering... oh, it's nothing. Anyway, all this talk about your future career is making me thirsty. Let's go for a drink.
Janet:Whose round?
Andy:Yours!
Unit 2
Conversation 1
Joe:OK, when you've finished chatting, let's get down to work.
Janet:Fine by me. What's on the agenda?
Joe:First up today is Read all about it! Now, I assume everyone has read all the books for the feature? Has anyone read any of the books?
Andy:Well, Joe, there are over 20 new books coming out next month, so...
Joe:I'm sorry, I really think that's quite unacceptable. It's your job! What about you, Janet?
Janet:I'm sorry but this is the first time I've worked on Read all about it, and I didn't know I was meant to read all the books.
Andy:Have you read them?
Joe:No, but that's why you're my assistants. You're meant to assist me.
Andy:It's true that we need to read the books, Joe, but we haven't...
Joe:OK, here you go. You're always making excuses!
Andy:And what's more, we haven't even chosen the books yet.
Joe:OK, let's get on with it. What's on the list?
Janet:I suppose we're looking for books with a London angle?
Andy:Not necessarily.
Janet:Is it OK to look for non-fiction too?
Joe:Absolutely.
Janet:OK, here's an idea. There's a new biography of Charles Dickens which I'm reading.
Andy:Sounds good—his books are always on TV.
Janet:You see I'm studying Dickens at university, and I noticed it in the bookshop last week. It's really interesting.
Joe:OK, tell us more.
Janet:Well, it's a description of the London locations where he set many of his books, like Oliver Twist and David Copperfield.
Andy:Sounds right up your street!
Joe:Well done, Janet. Maybe you can show Andy how to plan the feature. OK, that's it everyone. Let's get to it!
Conversation 2
Janet:What's the matter with Joe today?
Andy:No idea. He's a bit like that sometimes. He gets annoyed with me, but I don't really know why.
Janet:He wasn't being at all fair. How often does he get like this?
Andy:Well, I suppose it's not very often. But sometimes he really gets on my nerves. Janet:Don't let it get to you. He's probably got too much work, and he's stressed. Andy:Well, he should keep his problems away from the studio. Anyway, you're the expert on Dickens, tell me something about him.
Britain. Many of his novels first appeared in magazines, in short episodes.
Each one had a cliffhanger at the end that made people want to read the next
episode.
Andy:And was he a Londoner?
Janet:He was born in Portsmouth but his family moved to London when he was ten years old.
Andy:And he set most of his stories in London, didn't he?
Janet:That's right. He knew the city very well.
Andy:Whereabouts in London are his stories set?
Janet:Around the Law Courts in the centre of London. He worked as a court reporter and many of the real life stories he heard in court inspired some of the most
famous characters in his novels.
Andy:I think some of his stories take place south of the river?
Janet:That's right, especially around Docklands. The thing was... Dickens was a social commentator as much as he was a novelist—his stories describe the
hardship, the poverty, and crime which many Londoners experienced in the
19th century. It makes me want to read some Dickens again. Maybe I'll just go shopping for a copy of Great Expectations.
Andy:Anyway, you did me a huge favour. That was a real brainwave to suggest the new biography.
Janet:Cheer up, Andy. It wasn't your fault.
Andy:No, it's OK. I'll get over it. Go on, off you go and enjoy your shopping!
Unit 3
Conversation 1
Tanya:Hey! That looks good on you! You should try it on!
Janet:No thanks, I'm just looking.
Tanya:Go on, try it on. I can tell it suits you.
Janet:You seem to want me to buy something. And I'm not sure I want to buy anything at all.
Tanya:Well, yes, I'm pretty sure you want to buy something.
Janet:How do you know?
Tanya:Well, it's my job to know what women want to wear.
Janet:How do you know what I want to wear?
Tanya:I can just tell. Most women don't hold things up like that unless they know they want to buy it, but either they haven't got the money or they are nervous
about impulse buying.
Janet:So what type of woman am I then?
Tanya:No money!
Tanya:If you were nervous about impulse buying, you'd try it on. That way you'll feel good that you've made a careful decision.
Janet:That's pretty smart. What is your job then?
Tanya:I'm a buyer for a store in New York City. I'm here for London Fashion Week.
Hey, do you want to go? I have some free tickets for the catwalk show this
afternoon.
Janet:Well, I'm not sure. I'm waiting for a friend, actually, and...
Joe:Hi Janet!
Janet:Joe! What are you doing here?
Joe:Why the surprise?
Janet:It's just... I didn't expect to see you. That's all. Er, this is...
Tanya:Hello, I'm Tanya Feinstein. Is this the friend you were waiting for... Janet:No. Yes!
Tanya:So would you both like to come this afternoon?
Janet:Tanya has invited us to the catwalk show this afternoon.
Tanya:Look at this. Oh, it's perfect. I'll just try it on. I'll leave you two to make up your minds.
Conversation 2
Joe:Who is she? Is she a friend of yours?
Janet:No, she just came up to me and started talking about fashion. She's a buyer for some New York fashion store.
Joe:But why has she invited us to a catwalk show?
Janet:She's giving out free tickets. Part of her job I think.
Joe:So, do you want to go?
Janet:I suppose so. Haven't got any money for shopping, so why not?
Tanya:OK, you guys made up your mind?
Joe:You sure you got a couple of tickets for us?
Tanya:Sure!
Joe:Thanks. So what's your take on the London fashion scene then?
Tanya:As far as I'm concerned, the clothes shops in London are some of the best in the world. The way I see it, if I want haute couture I can go to Paris or Milan.
But if I want street fashion that will look good in New York too, I come to
London. The kids here all have this unique style.
Joe:But they can't afford designer prices.
Tanya:In London the fashion tends to start on the streets. It gets popular among the kids, and then the designers come and pick up on their style, turn it into
designer clothes. Whereas in Paris or Milan, it's more of a top down process. Janet:Top down?
only for a few rich people.
Joe:So you think it's different in London?
Tanya:I sure do. And, if you ask me, New York as well. Anyway, you ready?
Joe:Sure. Why not? Janet?
Janet:Well... Oh well, it's getting late. So, I suppose so.
Tanya:OK, follow me. Let's get a cab.
Unit 4
Conversation 1
Andy:So what happened then?
Janet:I saw some wonderful clothes, and had a wonderful day.
Andy:But what were you doing there with Joe? I thought you were meeting me. Janet:You were late.
Andy:Ah, yes. You've got me there.
Janet:Joe is right you know. You are late quite often.
Andy:OK.
Janet:I didn't know what to do because I didn't know you were on your way, and Tanya offered me the free tickets and then Joe just turned up.
Andy:Oh well, look I'm really sorry I didn't... Oh, I'd better take this. Hi, Andy speaking... Oh, yes of course. Hi, Mr Pearson. Are we still on for today?
It's the guy we're meeting today. Yes, we're already here. Something
unexpected has come up, OK. Sure, we'll have to make another arrangement to meet. That's fine, no problem. So when would it be convenient for you? I think that's OK, but can I just check my schedule? Can you hold on for a moment,
please?
He can't make it this morning. Are we clear this afternoon?
Janet:I think so, yes.
Andy:That's OK. Could we make it at 2.30 rather than 2? Well, let me think, how about at our local, the Duke of York? Would that be OK with you? ... Sure, no problem. See you this afternoon. Bye!
Janet:What's he coming to talk about?
Andy:The City. The financial capital of the world... next to New York, of course. I'd better tell Joe about the change of plan.
Conversation 2
Janet:So what does the world of high finance have to do with our website?
Joe:Well, I thought we could do something on the Bank of England Museum—it's really quite interesting.
Janet:So who exactly is Tim Pearson?
Joe:He works there and he's coming along today to plan an interview and a tour round the museum.
Janet:So we're not actually doing any filming?
Andy:No, just asking him more about the Bank and the museum.
Tim:Hi.
Joe:Hi, Tim.
Tim:Hi.
Andy:Hi, Tim.
Janet:Hi, I'm Janet.
Tim:Hi, Janet. Right, so where do you want to begin?
Joe:I've got a plan of the museum. Can we go through it with you?
Tim:Fine. Basically, the Bank of England Museum tells the story of the Bank of England. There's also a collection of bank notes and gold bars.
Andy:Any free samples?
Tim:Sorry, no chance! Now, you come in here on the left, past the museum shop.
Then the first room you enter is a reconstruction of a late 18th century banking hall.
Janet:And moving through to this room, on the top right hand side?
Tim:That's the story of the early years at the Bank from when it was founded in 1694.
Janet:What about this room on the left?
Tim:That's the Bank's collection of silver goods, a pile of gold bars. And this room here below contains a description of how the modern economy works. Janet:So is our paper money always backed by its value in gold?
Tim:Yes, the notes they gave or received were originally receipts for the loans in gold. But gradually these paper receipts replaced the gold and became bank
notes.
Janet:So is the Bank independent or controlled by the government?
Tim:The Bank was given its independence in 1997.
Janet:And why didn't the Bank help the economy during the credit crunch in 2008? Tim:Well, it's a bit difficult to explain...
Andy:Take your time, Tim, we'd really like to know.
Tim:Well, uh...
Unit 5
Conversation 1
Andy:I loved the question you asked Tim Pearson about the financial crisis. Janet:Well, I shouldn't have asked it. After all, he's an expert!
Andy:There you go again, you're always putting yourself down. You don't know how to take a compliment.
Janet:True. I never find it easy to accept praise. Do you think woman have been conditioned to accept criticism?
Andy:Well, I think that's gender stereotyping. Do you think that men are good at accepting compliments?
Janet:Well, they seem to be able to deal with criticism much better.
Andy:Don't you believe it!
Janet:Anyway, thank you, I accept your compliment.
Andy:Not only that, but I think you'd make a really good TV presenter.
Janet:I'm not so sure. I haven't seen many women in television here.
Andy:Well, in the media in general, I can assure you that there are lots of women in presenting and management roles.
Janet:Well, maybe, but I'm Chinese as well. I don't think I'll be accepted as a presenter on a British TV programmed.
Andy:Gender AND racial stereotyping. I mean, it depends on what job and sometimes where you work in London, of course, but generally, Londoners are proud of their multi-ethnic community. Especially the Chinese, because you
cook great food!
Janet:Now who's doing the stereotyping! But seriously, look at all these smart women walking to work. Are they all secretaries or managers?
Andy:OK, it's a good point. I think that many women manage to get middle management jobs in most professions. But it's true that a lot of them talk about the glass ceiling.
Janet:What's the glass ceiling?
Andy:It's the situation where a woman is successful in a company, but then she hits the glass ceiling—this invisible barrier which stops her going any higher in her career.
Conversation 2
Janet:So what do you think causes the glass ceiling?
Andy:It's partly prejudice by men about women's abilities in management. But it's also when women take time off to have children, they don't always recover the same power when they return to work.
Janet:It's not fair.
Unit1 Ways of Learning Vocabulary I 1. 1)insert 2)on occasion 3)investigate 4)In retrospect 5)initial 6)phenomena 7)attached 8)make up for 9)is awaiting 10)not; in the least 11)promote 12)emerged 2. 1) a striking contrast between the standards of living in the north of the country and the south. 2)is said to be superior to synthetic fiber. 3)as a financial center has evolved slowly. 4)is not relevant to whether he is a good lawyer. 5)by a little-known sixteen-century Italian poet have found their way into some English magazines. 3. 1)be picked up; can’t accomplish; am exaggerating 2)somewhat; the performance; have neglected; they apply to 3)assist; On the other hand; are valid; a superior II 1. 1)continual 2)continuous 3)continual 4)continuous 2. 1)principal 2)principal 3)principle 4)principles
Unit 1 Personality and Development Listening and speaking 1, What does your taste in music reveal about your personality 1, creativity 2, favorite songs 3, 36,000 4, 104 different musical styles 5. their personality 6. conventional 7. more uneasy 8. outgoing 9. hard-working 10. stable 11. gentle 12.low 13. at ease with 14.intelligent Thinking and speaking
2. Does your career fit your personality? Listening and understanding 1, imaginations 2, designs 3. patterns 4. graphic designer 5. landscape architect 6. procedures 7. instructions 8. details and data 9. routine and order 10. accountant 11. cost estimator 12. see projects though 13. doers 14. big picture 15. sales agent 16. management analyst 17. logic 18. mysteries 19. detail 20. librarian 21. software engineer 22. results-driven 23. outdoors 24. jewelry 25. electrician 26. nuclear engineer 27. human interaction 28. personal coach 29. school psychologist 3. Easy ways to be an optimist
综合教程4课后答案 Handouts and Key to book4 unit 1-4 Unit 1 Active reading (1) Looking for a job after university? First, get off the sofa Background information About the passage: This is an article by an Education Correspondent, Alexandra Blair, published in September 2008 in The Times, a long-established British quality newspaper. In Europe generally, and in Britain in particular, for a number of years there has been a r i s i ng nu mber of stude nts who go to uni vers ity and therefore more new graduates seeking employment. However, for many graduates finding a job became harder in 2008 - 2009 because the economic downturn - then a rcccssion - meant that many employers werereducing their workforce. After their final exams, some students rested in the summer before looking for jobs and then they found that it was difficult to find employment in their field or at the level they wanted. The
新一代大学英语综合教程1期末测试词汇填空 Unit1 1.when i(hung out) 2.l don’t(at fault) 3.what used(and the like) 4.David my(when it comes to) 5.Many young(take up) 6.if the(on a broader scale) Unit2 1.people with(impact have on) 2.the professor’s(mesh with) 3.socially skilled(are adept at) 4.people with(confronted with) 5.with this(on the job) 6.one aafter(in effect) 7.the organization(enlist the help of) Unit3 1.science is(in terms) 2.l don’t(get in the way of) 3.we should(rather than) 4.for more(check out)5 .thedebate(come down to)6.the investigators(in vain)7.the students(in the firt instance)8.making english(conform to)9.the virtue(transform into)10.why did(put down) Unit4 1.(in view of)the heavy 2.the persecution（exclude form） 3.in snindler(felt compelled to) 4.we can’t(share respornsibility) 5.when the(denied) 6.During the(seek refuge) 7.the writing(by extension) 8.thousands of(poured into) Unit5 1.professor NYE(exercise of power) 2.the chinese(soft power) 3.the study(engage in) 4.we believe(gobble up) 5.there simply(soak up) 6.His whole(turn the tables) 7.the local(by happenstace) 8.we are(baby steps) 9.putin doesn’t(be perceived as)10.with written(date back) Unit7 1.unlike its(typical of) 2.with only(slip away) 3.the city(in the extreme) 4.when(a)long(sweep of) 5.humans are(wiping out) 6.the sumatran(originate in) 7.although some（in captivity） 8.to keep(spread into) 9.A caterpillar(pass through)8.to keep(spread into)9.A caterpillar(pass through)
Key to Exercises of College English Book 2 Unit 1 ★Text A Vocabulary I. insert 2) on occasion 3) investigate 4) In retrospect 5) initial 6) phenomena 7) attached 8) make up for 9) is awaiting 10) not…in the least 11) promote 12) emerg ed 2. 1) There is a striking contrast between the standards of living in the north of the country and the south. 2) Natural fiber is said to be superior to synthetic fiber. 【 3) The city’s importance as a financial center has evolved slowly. 4) His nationality is not relevant to whether he is a good lawyer. 5) The poems by a little-known sixteenth-century Italian poet have found their way into some English magazines. 3. 1) be picked up, can’t accomplish, am exaggerating 2) somewhat, performance, have neglected, they apply to 3) assist, On the other hand, are valid, a superior II. 1. 1) continual 2) continuous 3) continual 4) continuous 2. 1) principal 2) principal 3) principle 4) principles 5) principal III. : 1. themselves 2. himself/herself 3. herself/by herself/on her own 4. itself 5. ourselves 6. yourself/ by yourself/on your own Comprehensive Exercise I. Cloze 1. 1) contrast 2) exaggerating 3) priority 4) on the other hand 5) promoting 6) pick up 7) assist 8) accomplish 9) on occasion 10) neglecting 11) worthwhile 12) superior 2. 1) end 2) perform 3) facing 4) competent 5) equipped 6) designed 7) approach 8) rest 9) definitely 10) quality II. Translation ； 1. 1) It takes an enormous amount of courage to make a departure from the tradition. 2) Tom used to be very shy, but this time he was bold enough to give a performance in front of a large audience. 3) Many educators think it desirable to foster the creative spirit in the child at an early age. 4) Assuming (that) this painting really is a masterpiece, do you think it’s worthwhile to buy/purchase it 5) If the data is statistically valid, it will throw light on the problem we are investigating. 2. To improve our English, it is critical to do more reading, writing, listening and speaking. Besides, learning by heart as many well-written essays as possible is also very important. Without
Unit 1 Outside view Activity 1 3.5 Activity 2 one of the best universities most talented students well-known around the world have open doors good social life you want it to be on another campus it's a fun place go to concerts during the week Activity 3 library system online three / 3 four / 4 Brian leisure purposes the libraries listening in Passage 1 1. 2 2. 6 3. 1 4. 5 5. 3 6. 4 2.Listen to Passage 1 again and rearrange the answers in the right column to match those questions in the left column. Ceahbgdf Passage 2 OC/O/C/O/C/C/O/C/O/OC
2.Listen to Passage 2 again and choose the best way to complete the sentences BDDBA Test CCBBD CDBCB C
Unie 2 Outside view Activity 1 1.Watch the video clip and match the speakers with the statements. K/K/T/S/T/K/S/K Activity 2 2.3.5 Activity 3 regarded along communicating But If during how as plays less LISTENING IN Passage 1 1.Listen to Passage 1 and match the colours with the characteristics
UNIT 1 Explore1: Reading comprehension: a b a b a Dealing with vocabulary: a b a a a b Application: 1.To say is easier than to do. 2.Mary wanted to make a lot of money, buy stock, and retire early. 3.She stayed up late either studying her English or going to parties. Explore 2: Reading comprehension: b a d Dealing with vocabulary: interact compatible massive contrast criticize hesitant Unit test part1: 1.prevails 2.a variety of 3.interact 4.hanging out 5.scale 6.In contrast 7.crucial 8.engage 9.in person 10.directly part2: b a c b a a part3: 1.25岁时马克?扎克伯格已经在Facebook辛勤工作了五年。那一年，也就是2009年，公司首次实现了盈利，并且吸引了3亿用户。他当时非常激动，但还是说这只是一个开始。他在Facebook上写道”我们的目标是把每个人联系起来，而我们才刚刚开始。"第二年，他就被《时代》杂志评选为"年度人物"。 2.Owned by Chinese tech giant Tencent, WeChat is a mobile messaging service that boasts over 300 million active users. Many former Weibo users join in as new members because it offers comparatively private forms of communication. Like many other Chinese social media platforms, WeChat allows its users to send voice messages, share social moments, purchase virtual goods, and meet new people via a format similar to that of chat roulette. UNIT 2 Explore 1:
Unit 1 Sports Part C Short Conversations You’re going to hear five short conversations. Listen carefully and choose the right answers to the questions you hear. 1. a. Basketball. b. Volleyball. c. Table tennis. d. Tennis. 2. a. Boxing is one of his favorite sports. b. Boxing is the only kind of sport he likes. c. He doesn’t like boxing at all. d. He doesn’t like boxing very much. 3. a. He finds it too long. b. He thinks it could be more exciting. c. He doesn’t like it at all. d. He likes it, but not very much. 4. a. He doesn’t know how to play chess. b. He doesn’t like playing chess very much. c. He can’t play chess well. d. He’s a good chess player. 5. a. He was a good football player in high school. b. He kept track of the football players and games when he was in high school. c. He shows no interest in football now. d. He’s busy playing golf as well as football now. Script: 1. W: I like playing basketball, volleyball and table tennis. What about you? M: Well, tennis is my favorite sport. Q: Which sport does the man like? 2. W: You don’t like boxing very much, do you? M: It’s far from being my kind of sport. Q: What does the man mean? 3. W: I think yesterday’s football game was quite exciting. What about you, John? M: You said it. But it was a bit long. Q: What does the man think about the football game? 4. W: Do you like to play chess? M: I like the game, but I don’t play it often enough. I’m afraid I’m not a very good chess player. Q: What does the man mean? 5. M: I knew the names of all the football players and the dates of all the games in my high school days. But recently I have failed to keep up with football. W: Now you’re busy with your golf games. Q: What do you know about the man from the conversation? Unit 2 Food and Drinks
Unit 1 Outside view Activity 1 3。5 Activity 2 one of the best universities most talented students well-known around the world have open doors good social life you want it to be on another campus it’s a fun place go to concerts during the week Activity 3 library system online three / 3 four / 4 Brian leisure purposes the libraries listening in Passage 1 1. 2 2. 6 3.1 4.5 5.3 6.4
2.Listen to Passage 1 again and rearrange the answers in the right column to match those questions in the left column. Ceahbgdf Passage 2 OC/O/C/O/C/C/O/C/O/OC 2。Listen to Passage 2 again and choose the best way to complete the sentences BDDBA Test CCBBD CDBCB C
Unie 2 Outside view Activity 1 1。Watch the video clip and match the speakers with the statements. K/K/T/S/T/K/S/K Activity 2 2.3。5 Activity 3 regarded along communicating But If during how as plays less LISTENING IN Passage 1 1。Listen to Passage 1 and match the colours with the characteristics
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新一代大学英语综合教程 1 期末考试答案打印版 UNIT 1 .2、Indeed, we might feel as if we are suddenly awash in friends. Yet right before our eyes, we're also changing the way we conduct relationships. Face-to-face chatting is giving way to texting and messaging; people even prefer these electronic exchanges to, for instance, simply talking on a phone.Smaller circles of friends are being partially eclipsed by Facebook acquaintances routinely numbered in the hundreds. Amid these smaller trends, growing research suggests we could be entering a period of crisis for the entire concept of friendship. Where is all this leading modern-day society? Perhaps to a dark place, one where electronic stimuli slowly replace the joys of human contact.确实如此，我们似乎感到突然之间好友数量井喷。不过，我们眼前也正在改变为人处世的方式。面对面的聊天正在被短信取代；相比打个电话，人们甚至更愿意使用这些电子交流方式。脸谱网上的熟人圈儿动辄数百人，相比之下，现实生活中规模较小的朋友圈则显得黯淡少光。在这些较细微的趋势中，越来越多的研究表明友谊的整个概念正在遭受危机，而我们也许正在一步步地迈向这个危机时代。所有这一切要把现代社会引向何方？也许现代社会就此陷入黑暗深渊，在这个深渊里，人与人之间交往的乐趣慢慢地被电子诱惑所取代。 8、No single person is at fault, of course. The pressures on friendship today are broad. They arise from the demands of work, say, or a general busyness that means we have less quality time for others. How many individuals would say that friendship is the most important thing in their lives, only to move thousands of miles across the continent to take up a better-paid job?当然，这并不是某个人的错。如今，交友压力来自方方面面。比如来自工作压力，或是整天瞎忙，无法和他人享有高质量的沟通时间。有人嘴上说友谊是生命中最重要的东西，却为了一份收入颇丰的工作远赴千里之外。这样的人还少吗？ 9、Of course, we learn how to make friends —or not —in our most formative years, as children. Recent studies on childhood, and how the contemporary life of the child affects friendships, are illuminating. Again, the general mood is one of concern, and a central conclusion often reached relates to a lack of what is called "unstructured time."当然，我们是在性格成型的最重要的孩提时期学会如何结交朋友或是如何断交。最近，关于儿童期和儿时生活对交友的影响的研究很有启发性。这些研究再一次关注了风气这个问题，其主要结论都与孩子缺少―计划外时间‖有关。 10、Structured time results from the way an average day is parceled up for our kids — time for school, time for homework, time for music practice, even time for play. Yet too often today, no period is left unstructured. After all, who these days lets his child just wander off down the street? But that is precisely the kind of fallow time so vital for deeper friendships. It's then that we simply "hang out," with no tasks, no deadlines and no pressures. It is in those moments that children and adults alike can get to know others for who they are in themselves. ―计划内时间‖源自每一天的时间安排方式，何时上学，何时完成家庭作业，何时进行音乐训练，甚至何时玩耍，一股脑儿的塞给孩子。然而，再寻常不过的是，没有任何一个时段是没有安排的。毕竟，现在谁还会让自己的孩子在街上闲逛呢？但是，恰恰就是这种―无所事事‖的时间对于深厚的交情至关重要。在这个时间段，我们只是闲逛，没有任务，没有最后期限，没有任何压力。就在这些时候，孩子也罢，成人也罢，才能真正了解同行之人。 12、Aristotle had an attractive expression to capture the thought: close friends, he observed, "share salt together." It's not just that they sit together, passing the salt across the meal table. It's that they sit with one another across the course of their lives, sharing its savor — its moments, bitter and sweet. "The desire for friendship comes quickly; friendship does not," Aristotle also remarked. It's a key insight for an age of instant social connectivity, though one in which we paradoxically have an apparently growing need to be more deeply connected.亚 里士多德曾经这样表达此意，妙不可言。他 说，亲密的朋友，是―一起吃盐的朋友‖。他 并不是说朋友们坐在一起，在饭桌上把盐传 来传去。他的意思是朋友们共享人生经历， 分享各种滋味，苦的，甜的。亚里士多德还 说过―交友的想法常常匆匆而至，但是真正的 友情往往姗姗来迟。‖这对于当今这个时代来 说是一种重要的真知灼见。因为，在这个时 代里，虽然人们能迅速建立关系，不过我们 反倒越发觉得需要更深一步结识他人。 UNIT 26、With persistence and practice, such a process can lead to lasting results. I know one Wall Street executive who sought to improve his empathy –specifically his ability to read people’s reactions and their perspectives. Before beginning his quest, the executive’s subordinates were terrified of working with him. People even went so far as to hide bad news from him. Naturally, he was shocked when finally confronted with these facts. He went home and told his family – but they only confirmed what he had heard at work. When their opinions on any given subject did not mesh with his, they, too, were frightened of him.只要坚持并不断实践，这样的过程能够 带来持久的结果。我认识一位华尔街的主管， 他想方设法提高自己的同理心。具体一点就 是读懂对方的反应，了解对方的看法。在开 始努力寻求改变之前，这位主管的下属惧怕 与其一起工作。人们甚至对他隐瞒坏消息。 最终面对这些情况时，他自己自然大吃一惊。 回家后，他告诉家人——但家人更肯定了他 在单位听到的一切。无论什么话题，如果家 人的观点未能与之吻合，他们也会害怕他。 7、Enlisting the help of a coach, the executive went to work to heighten his empathy through practice and feedback. His first step was to take a vacation to a foreign country where he did not speak the language. While there, he monitored his reactions to the unfamiliar and his openness to people who were different from him. When he returned home, humbled by his week abroad, the executive asked his coach to shadow him for parts of the day, Several times a week, in order to critique how he treated people with new or different perspectives. At the same time, he consciously used on-the-job interactions as opportunities to practice ―hearing‖ ideas that differed from his. Finally, the executive had himself videotaped in meetings and asked those who worked for and with him to critique his ability to acknowledge and understand the feelings of others. It took several months, but the executive’s emotional intelligence did ultimately rise, and the improvement was reflected in his overall performance on the job.这位主管向私人教师 寻求帮助，他回到工作岗位，通过实践和别 人的反馈来提高自己的同理心。首先，他到 一个语言不通的国家去度假。在异国他乡， 他审视自己面对不熟悉事物的反应以及对异 族人群的开放性。返回家乡时，一周的国外 生活已使他丢掉了所有的高傲，这位主管让 私人教师一周跟踪自己几天，每天跟踪自己 几个时段，以此评价自己对持新观点或不同 观点人的态度。同时，他还有意识地利用工 作现场与人交往的机会来实践―倾听‖异己观 点。最后，主管还让人拍摄他开会时的表现， 让下属以及合作伙伴评价自己承认并理解他 人感情的能力。这个过程持续数月，但最终， 主管的情商确实提高了，并在他的整体工作 表现上体现了出来。 8 It’s important to emphasize that building one’s emotional intelligence cannot – will not – happen without sincere desire and concerted effort. A brief seminar won’t help; nor can one buy a how-to manual. It is much harder to learn to empathize –to internalize empathy as a natural response to people –than it is to become adept at regression analysis. But it can be done. ―Nothing great was ever achieved without enthusiasm,‖ wrote Ralph Waldo Emerson. If your goal is to become a real leader, these words can serve as a guidepost in your efforts to develop high emotional intelligence.需要强调的是，没有真诚的愿望 和竭尽全力的付出，培养情商是不可能的， 也不会有结果。一场简短的研讨会起不了作 用，实用操作手册也无法买到。要使同理心 内化为对别人的一种自然反应，才算是获得 了同理心，这比擅于回归分析要难得多。但 获得同理心也是能做到的。拉尔夫·沃尔 多·爱默生写道：―没有热情，就不可能取得 任何伟大的业绩。‖如果你的目标是成为一位 真正的领袖，这句话可以激励你不断努力， 提高情商。 UNIT 32、First, science is practiced by special people with a specific view of the world. Scientists try to be objective, unsentimental and unemotional. They do not let their feelings get in the way of their observations of real things, facts, as they call them. They often work in laboratories or in other areas where they can carefully control what they are working on. They do not just wander out onto the dock at sunset and look at the world with wonder, as a poet might. Ideally, they are also both honest and check them out and then utilize them in their findings so others can check them out and then utilize them in their own work. They do not claim more than they can prove, and often even less. But they are very proud of their calling and prefer to talk to other scientists rather than anybody else, especially poets, who tend to make them feel uncomfortable, to put them down.(Of course poets also feel scientists return the favor.)首 先，从事科学工作的是特殊的一类人，他们 具有特定的世界观。科学家努力保持客观、 理性，不感情用事，不会让感情妨碍他们观 察他们所说的实物和事实。科学家常常在实 验室或者他们能够严格控制研究对象的场所 工作。他们不会像诗人那样，在日落时去码 头闲逛，惊奇地观赏这个世界。典型的科学 家既朴实，又谦恭。他们总是尽量客观地汇 报他们的科学发现，以便别人能够证实并在 工作中加以运用。他们不会对自己不能证明 的事物妄加断言，甚至常常连自己能够证明 的也不去多说。然而，他们对―科学家‖这一 称谓引以为傲，更喜欢彼此相互交流，而不 太愿意和其他人交流，尤其是和诗人，因为 诗人总让他们感觉不自在，且常贬低他们。 （当然了，科学家在诗人眼里也不过如此。） 3、Second, science deals almost exclusively with things, not ideas or feelings, and with the external world and its workings, not inner states and their workings, despite the effort of some psychologists to be or seem scientific. The human body is considered to be or seem scientific. The human body is considered to be a part of the external world; the soul is not. Therefore, scientists work to understand the body but not the soul. Most scientists doubt the soul exists. The solar system and the universe are also part of the external world, although we have little enough direct evidence of their mode of existence. Scientists tend to assume the basic conditions of nature on Earth are the same everywhere in the cosmos.其次，科学的 研究对象基本上仅限于事物，而非思想或者 情感，仅限于外部世界及其运作，而非内在 状态及其运作，尽管一些心理学家也试图让 自己的工作具备或者显得有科学性。人体被 认为是外部世界的一部分，而人的灵魂则不 然。因此，科学家探索的是人的肌体，而不 是灵魂。大部分科学家怀疑灵魂的存在。太 阳系和宇宙也是外部世界的一部分，虽然我 们没有充足的直接证据来证明它们的存在模 式。科学家往往认为，地球上自然界的基本 状况无论在宇宙的何处都是一样的。 4、Mankind is only questionably part of the external world in this sense. Scientists are generally reluctant to deal with the behavior of large groups of men and women. Thus economists, for example, struggle to be considered scientists, but usually in vain. The external world of scientists contains some things, like quanta, quarks and quasars, that are