2012年中考模拟试题(一)

鄂州市2012年中考英语模拟试题1（命题人：汀祖中学 刘冬奎）I. 听力测试（共三节，20小题，计25分）第一节 听对话或描述，选图画。

听下面5段对话或描述，选出与你所听到的描述相符的答案，将答案序号填在右边的方框内。

每组对话听一遍。

（计5分）第二节 听对话，选答案。

听下面4段对话，根据所提的问题，从A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳答案，并将其序号填在右边的方框内。

每段对话听两遍。

（计10分） 听下面一段较长的对话，回答第11、12两小题。

6. What are they going to do?A. To play volleyball.B. To have a swim.C. To have a walk. 7. When are they going to meet? A. At 10:30. B. At 10:00. C. At 9:30.听下面一段较长的对话，回答第13—15三小题。

8. How long has the man been ill? A. One day. B. Two days. C. Three days. 9. What's the man's trouble?A. He can't fall asleep at night.B. He doesn't get enough exercise.C. He coughs much at night. 10. What did the doctor tell the man to do?A. To visit the doctor often.B. To go to bed at the same time.C. To drink more tea at night. 听第一段对话，回答6-8小题。

11. Where is Susan going? A. To the countryside. B. To Shanghai.C. To the Central Park.12. When is Susan leaving? A. On June 25. B. On July 25. C. On July 5. 听第二段对话，回答9-11小题。

2012年中考模拟试题一、选择题(本题包括16个小题，每小题1分，共16分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题意)1．.2008年6月14日是我国第三个“文化遗产日”。

以下是安徽省部分非物质文化遗产，其制作过程主要属于化学变化的是（）A．徽州石雕 B.阜阳剪纸 C.铁锻制的芜湖铁画 D. 松枝烧制的徽墨2．正确的化学实验操作对实验结果、人身安全都非常重要。

在下图所示实验操作中，正确的是A闻气体气味B移走蒸发皿C倾倒液体D稀释浓硫酸3．下列清洗方法中，利用乳化作用的是(A)用自来水洗手(B)用汽油清洗油污(C)用洗涤剂清洗油腻的餐具(D)用盐酸清除铁锈4．空气是一种宝贵资源。

下列有关空气的说法正确的是(A)空气中含量最多的是氧元素(B)空气由氧气和氮气组成，其中氧气的质量约占空气质量的1／5(C)空气中分离出的氮气化学性质不活泼，可作食品保鲜的保护气(D)空气质量报告中所列的空气质量级别数目越大，空气质量越好5．2008年北京奥运会的火炬“祥云”将于8月3日传递到乐山。

团结、互助、友爱、勇敢、坚强！大灾之后，“祥云”火炬的传递增添了新的意义。

“祥云”火炬燃烧时的主要反应为：5O2+X 3CO2+4H2O。

由此可知，“祥云”火炬燃料X的化学式为（）A．C3H7OH B．CH4 C．C2H6 D．C3H86．下列物质长时间露置于空气中，质量会减轻的是(不考虑水分蒸发)(A)浓盐酸(B)浓硫酸(C)石灰水(D)固体氢氧化钠11.下列是某小组在实验室模拟从海水制备精盐的流程图：此过程中没有涉及到的实验方法是（）A．蒸发B．结晶C．过滤D．蒸馏12．某同学设计的下列各实验方案中，你认为不能达到实验目的的是（）A.用稀盐酸除去铜中少量的氧化铜B.加入适量的澄清的石灰水，以除去CaCl2溶液中的HClC.用浓硫酸除去氢气中混有的水蒸气D.用酚酞试液鉴别烧碱溶液和纯碱溶液13. 市面出售的“水壶一次净”能较好地除去水壶中的水垢，为确定它的成分和使用范围，某同学通过以下实验进行探究：（1）取少量样品加入锌粒后，有气泡产生，生成的气体可燃烧并产生淡蓝色火焰。

2012年人教版英语中考模拟试题一、单项选择〔共20小题，计20分〕从每题A、B、C、D中选出一个能填入句中空白处的最正确答案。

16. We Chinese people are very _______ our long history.A. famous forB. good atC. proud ofD. worriedabout17. Jack started to work at _______ early age because his family was very poor.A. aB. anC. theD. /18. —Bob! Is this your dictionary“—No, it isn’t. Ask Sally. She is looking for_______.A. hisB. hersC. mineD. yours19. Look at the flowers! They are in different _______: red, yellow, pink…A. colorsB. sizesC. pricesD. names20. —Have you ________ read the poem If“—Yes. I really enjoy it.A. stillB. everC. yetD. never21. When I returned to my hometown, I was nearly lost. Almost_______ had changed.A. nothingB. anythingC. somethingD. everything22. The world is being smaller and smaller because the Internet gets us _______.A. lessB. moreC. closerD. farther23. Lin Lin often practices English _______ chatting with her American friend.A. inB. byC. forD. with24. —_______ will it take you from your school to the library“— About half an hour. So I’ll be there by 9 o’clock.A. How farB. How soonC. How longD. How many25. —How is your friend ing“—I’m not sure. He _______ drive here.A. mayB. canC. mustD. will26. _______ hamburgers are junk food, many children like them.A. IfB. UnlessC. BecauseD. Although27. Linda can’t see the blackboard because the boy who sits her is very bigand tall.A. behindB. besideC. in front ofD. in the front of28. —The 11th National Games will be held in Shandong in October, 2009.—________ e*citing news!A. HowB. WhatC. How anD. What an29. —Dear, what time is the flight to Beijing on Saturday“—Wait a minute. Let me _______ in the schedule (时刻表).A. look at itB. look for itC. lookafter it D. look it up30. —You aren’t a professional athlete, are you“—________ . I am just a football fan.A. Yes, I amB. No, I’m notC. Of courseD. Sometimes31. This is the novel________ is written by Guo Jingming.A. whoB. whatC. thatD. /32. —What a beautiful watch! Is it new“—No, I have _______it for 2 years.A. hadB. soldC. borrowedD. bought33. —You are always talking about your pet dog. What’s it like“—________.A. It likes meatB. It’s three years oldC. It’s small and whiteD. It likes playing with me34. —Sorry, what did you say just now“—I asked ________.A. when did he leaveB. where you have beenC. whom will you go withD. how I could get to the station35. —My parents never stop going on about (唠叨) how I should study hard.—________.A. So my parents doB. Nor my parents doC. Nor do my parentsD. So do my parents二、阅读理解〔共20小题，计30分〕阅读以下短文，然后从每题A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能答复所提问题或完成所给句子的最正确答案。

2012年中考模拟试题一、选择题。

(下列各题的备选答案中，只有一个是正确的，请将正确答案的序号填入题后的括号内.本题共10个小题,每小题3分，共30分) 1.下面计算中，正确的个数是( )(1) ()031-= (2) 336a a a += (3) （-a ）3（-a ）=-a 2(4)2=，A 0B 1C 2D 3 2．为了了解某校学生的每日动运量，收集数据正确的是（ ） A ．调查该校舞蹈队学生每日的运动量 B ．调查该校书法小组学生每日的运动量 C ．调查该校田径队学生每日的运动量D ．调查该校某一班级的学生每日的运动量 3. 在，π，，0.1010010001，，中，有理数的个数是（ ）A 、1B 、2 C.3D. 44、已知双曲线y= （k≠0）的图像在第二，四象限，则直线y=kx+k 一定不经过第（ ）象限．A. 一 B .二 C .三 D.四5．如图，小陈从O 点出发，前进5米后向右转20O ， 再前进5米后又向右转20O ，……，这样一直走下去， 他第一次回到出发点O 时一共走了（ ） A ．60米 B ．100米 C ．90米 D ．120米6.北京奥运火炬传递的路程约为13.7万公里．近似数13.7万是精确到（ ）A 、十分位B 、十万位 C.万位 D.千位7．一组数据x 1，x 2，x 3，x 4，x 5的平均数是2，方差也是2，那么另一组数据3x 1-2，3x 2-2，3x 3-2，3x 4-2，3x 5-2，的平均数和方差分别是（ ） A 、2，2 B 、2，6 C 、4，4 D 、4，188.如下图所示，半径为1的圆和边长为3的正方形在同一水平线上，圆沿该水平线从左向右匀速穿过正方形，设穿过时间为t ，正方形除去圆部分的面积为S （阴影部分），则S 与t 的大致图象为（ ）O20o20o9.如图，在ABCD 中，A E B C ⊥于E ，A E E B E C a ===，且a 是一元二次方程2230x x +-=的根，则ABCD 的周长为（ ）A．4+ B．12+ C．2+ D．212++10.已知二次函数)0(2≠++=a c bx ax y 的图象如图所示，有下列5个结论：① 0>abc ；② c a b +<；③ 024>++c b a ；④ b c 32<；⑤ )(b am m b a +>+，（1≠m 的实数）其中正确的结论有（ ）．A. 2个B. 3个C. 4个D. 5个二、填空题（共6小题，每小题3分，共18分）11．已知圆锥的母线长为5，底面半径为3，则圆锥的表面积为24π （ ） A ．15π B ．24π C ．30π D ．39π 12. 观察下列各式，3×5=15，而15=42-1， 5×7=35，而35=62-l ， …1l×l3=143，而143=122-l将猜想到的用只含一个字母的式子表示出来是 ． 13．如图，已知直线110A B C D D C F =︒∥，∠，且A E A F =，则A ∠等于 ．14. 用锤子以相同的力将铁钉垂直钉入木块，随着铁钉的深入，铁钉所受的阻力也越来越大．当未进入木块的钉子长度足够时，每次钉入木块的钉子长度是前一次的12．已知这个铁ADCE BAF BCDEtA ．tB ．tC ．t D ．钉被敲击3次后全部进入木块（木块足够厚），且第一次敲击 后铁钉进入木块的长度是2cm,若铁钉总长度为a cm ，则a 的 取值范围是 .15．如图，长方体的底面边长分别为1cm 和3cm ，高为6cm ． 如果用一根细线从点A 开始经过4个侧面缠绕一圈到达点B ，那么所用细线最短需要 cm ；如果从点A 开始经过4个侧面缠绕n 圈到达点B ，那么所用细线最短需要 cm ．16.如图，一种电子游戏，电子屏幕上有一正六边形ABCDEF ，点P 沿直线AB 从右向左移动，当出现点P与正六边形六个顶点中的至少两个顶点距离相等时，就会发出警报，则直线AB 上会发出警报的点P 有 个．二.解答题 17、（本题满分4分） sin 260°•tan45°+cos30°•tan30°． 18.（本题5分），然后选取一个你喜欢的a 值代入求值．19. （本题6分）如图所示，有一电路AB 是由图示开关控制，任意地闭合两个开关，使电路形成通路． （1）请你补全树状图． （2）出使电路形成通路．20.（本题6分）例已知一次函数＝－＋和反比例函数＝≠．2 y x 6y (k 0)k x(1)k 满足什么条件时，这两个函数在同一坐标系xOy 中的图象有两个公共点？第16题P(2)设(1)中的两个公共点为A，B，试判断∠AOB是锐角还是钝角？21. （本题7分）如图9，在一个长40m、宽30m的长方形小操场上，王刚从A点出发，沿着A→B→C 的路线以3m/s的速度跑向C地。

中考模拟试题（一）化学（考试时间90分钟，全卷满分100分）注意事项：1.答题前，考生先将自己的学校、姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡指定位置，将条形码准确粘贴在答题卡的条形码区域内。

2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0. 5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写。

字体工整，笔迹清楚。

3.请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题卡区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效。

4.在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。

可能用到的相对原子质量：C-12 H-1 O-16 Ca-40 Zn-65 S-32I-127第I卷选择题（共40分）一、选择题（本大题共40分。

每小题只有一个正确答案，每小题2分）1. 下列元素符号书写正确且与名称相一致的是A. 铝NaB. 镁mgC. 铜cuD. 磷P2．下列变化中，属于化学变化的是A．森林大火B．冰雪融化C．沙尘暴袭击D．山体滑坡3．下列属于塑料包装制品回收标志的是A B C D4. 从人类的生存环境考虑，未来最理想的燃料是A．煤B．氢气C．天然气D．石油5．自行车会生锈，这是因为它A．经常被风吹雨淋B．表面经常涂油C．表面镀锌D．钢中含碳6．人体细胞中含量最多的元素是A．C B．H C．O D．N7.下图所示的化学实验基本操作中，正确的是8. 有些家庭、商场进行室内外装饰采用大理石，大理石主要成分是A．MgCO3B．Ca(OH)2C．CaCO3D．CaO 9．某矿泉水标签上印有水质成分如下（mg/L）：硒：0.013、锶：0.0596、锌：0.00162、钠：18.4、钙：4.69。

这里的“硒、锶、锌、钠、钙”指A．元素B．原子C．单质D．离子101112是A．干冰B．冰C．二氧化硫D．五氧化二磷13．钛和钛合金是21世纪的重要材料，具有很多优良性能。

钛元素在化合物中一般显+4价，它在元素周期表中的部分信息见右图。

下列说法中错误的是A．钛元素原子的质子数为22B．钛元素属于非金属元素C．钛元素的相对原子质量为47.87D．钛元素与氯元素组成的化合物化学式为TiCl414．下列结构示意图中，属于阴离子的是A B C D15．蒸馒头时，在发酵的面团里加入一些纯碱或小苏打，其作用是A．闻气体气味 B．倾倒液体 C．取用固体药品 D．稀释浓硫酸A．使馒头变白B．既除去生成的酸，又使馒头软而体积大C．加快面团的发酵速度D．产生二氧化碳使馒头质量变大16．用“”和“”代表两种不同的单质分子，它们在一定条件下能发生化学反应，反应前后的模拟模型如下图如示，下列说法正确的是A．参加反应的“”和“”分子的个数比是2：1B．该反应是化合反应C．该反应有2种生成物D．每个生成物分子由3个原子构成17. 欲除去下列物质中的少量杂质，所用试剂正确的是18．有①Ba(OH)2、②Na2SO4、③HNO3、④FeCl3四种物质的溶液，不用其他试剂就可将他们逐一鉴别开来。

2012年中考英语模拟试题及答案(新目标)考生注意：1．考试时间120分钟第一部分 听 力 Ⅰ 听力测试 （1-15小题每题1分，16-20小题每题2分， 计25分）（A ）选择你所听到的句子的正确答语。

（ ）1. A. Please give me a piece of paper. B. Could I have a look at that shirt?C. I don’t have so much money.D. Would you like a cup of tea? （ ）2. A. Thank you.B. I hope so.C. Y es. I went to bed too late last night.D. Y es. I went home after school.（ ）3. A. Thank you for asking me. B. If you like.C. Thank you. That would be nice.D. If you please.（ ）4. A. Something to drink. B. Sometimes.C. Somebody would come.D. Some trees.（ ）5. A. The moment when we were leaving school. B. When will you come?C. Some clothes.D. Someone will come. (B)听录音填表格。

(C)看图回答录音中所提出的问题。

11．———————————————————.12. .13. .14. .15. .(D)听录音，根据短文内容，回答下面问题。

16．When did Sam lose his cat?. 17. What colour was the lost cat?. 18. Could Sam find the cat anywhere?. 19. Who came to his house in the evening?. 20. Were the two children in the same class?.第二部分 笔 试Ⅱ．单词拼写（每小题1分，计10分）(A)．根据句意，在每一空格内填写一个适当的英语单词,使句意完整、正确.21. It was Saturday the day before yesterday, and it is __________ the day aftertomorrow.22. We all find __________ important to learn English well.23. The girl helped the blind man __________ the street.24. I ’d like to trek __________ the jungle.25.What does the music remind you __________ ?(B)．根据英文释义和所给单词的首字母，拼写单词。

江西省临川区罗湖中学2012年中考模拟试题（一）英语第一卷语言知识与技能(共85分)一、听力理解(本大题分为A、B、C、D四部分，共25小题，25分)A、听句子(本题有5小题，每小题1分，共5分)根据所听句子的内容和所提的问题，选择符合题意的图画回答问题，并将最佳选项的字母编号填写在答卷相应题目的答题位置上。

若用答题卡答题，则将答题卡上对应题目所选选项涂黑。

每小题听一遍。

( )1. What did the boy get yesterday?A.( )2. What does Bob want to be?A.( )3. How will the weather be tomorrow?A.( )4. In which city will Judy go to travel first if she gets enough money?A. B. C.( )5. When did the man begin to collect stamps?A. B.B、听对话(本题有10小题，每小题1分，共l0分)回答每段对话后面的问题，在各题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。

并将其字母编号填写在答卷相应题目的答题位置上。

若用答题卡答题，则将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。

每段对话听两遍。

听第一段对话，回答第6小题。

( )6. What's the time now?A. 3:30.B. 4:30.C. 5:30.听第二段对话，回答第7小题。

( )7. Why can't the man go to the birthday party?A. Because he is ill.B. Because he is busy.C. Because he will go to Shanghai.听第三段对话，回答第8小题。

( )8. How will the weather be tomorrow?A. Rainy.B. Sunny.C. Cloudy.听第四段对话，回答第9小题。

2012届中考模拟试题(1)历史试题第一卷一、单项选择题1、小明同学在复习“淝水之战”时整理了下面一组材料，与其复习主题无关的是A．前秦 B．东晋 C．曹操 D．草木皆兵2、西藏自古以来是中国不可分割的一部分，下列哪些史实可以支持这一观点①清顺治时期确立册封“达赖”的制度②清康熙时期确立册封“班禅”的制度③清朝在西藏设立“驻藏大臣”④“驻藏大臣”监督“金瓶掣签”过程A．①②④ B．①②③ C．①②③④ D．②③④3、下列图片选自同一本著作，结合所学知识判断这些图片出自织布农耕炼水银、朱砂A．《水经注》 B．《齐民要术》 C．《天工开物》 D．《农政全书》4、历史学家陈旭麓有一句名言：“中国不是自己走出中世纪的，是被轰出中世纪的。

”陈旭麓所说的“轰”是指A.鸦片战争B.洋务运动C. 甲午战争D.八国联军侵华战争5、对下面年代尺中提供的时间，解读最准确的是A．中国近代遭受外来侵略的全过程 B．中国一步步沦为半殖民地半封建社会的历程 C．中国半殖民地半封建社会逐渐形成和瓦解的历史 D．中国近代化的进程6、以“中国人民抗击外来侵略”为主题整理所学内容，其中搭配不当．．的是 A ．林则徐——虎门销烟 B ．左宗棠——收复新疆 C ．邓世昌——黄海大战 D ．彭德怀—台儿庄战役 7、下列历史事件按因果关系搭配，不正确的是A.英国工业革命——鸦片战争B.洋务运动——中国民族资本主义产生C.戊戌变法——民主共和观念深入人心D.新文化运动——马克思主义在中国传播 8、在中国近代化的进程中，下列口号或主张出现的先后顺序是 ①自强求富 ②变法维新 ③民主共和 ④民主、科学A ．①②③④B ．②③④①C ．③④①②D ．①③②④ 9、1895-1913年英日德俄等国在华投资在10万元以上的企业达113家，资金合计1.3亿元。

行业涉及矿业、水电、纺织、食品、机器造船等。

这说明《马关条约》各项规定中，对中国社会发展危害最大的是A ． 赔偿日本军费2亿两白银B ．日本可在各通商口岸开设设厂C ．割台湾及附属岛屿给日本D ． 开埠通商10、中国和美国是世界上有影响力的大国，中美合作有利于世界的和平与稳定。

英语中考模拟试题一、选择题（20小题20分）（）1.What fine weather we have these days!A．a B．the C．/ D．An（）２.It’s difficult to speak a foreign language than to read it.A．too much B．much too C．very more D．much more （）3.All of us feel surprised that a little boy can eat much food.A．so;such B．such;such C．so;so D．such;so（）4.I like flying in a balloon. It’s.A．a great fun B．enough fun C．great fun D．a big fun （）5.—How deep shall I dig the hole?—The hole should be .A. two meter deep B．two--meter deepC．two meters deep D. two—meter--deep（）6.The girl had no friends .A. alone; to playB. lonely; to playC. alone; to play withD. lonely; to play with（）7. There is no ————in the bus so we have to wait for another bus．A．room B．a room C．rooms D．seats（）8.On every piece of paper————pictures of some horses．A．is B．are C．has D．have（）9.—Do you think the rain will stop tomorrow？————— . It has rained for half a month．It’s too wet．A．I hope that B．I’m sure it will C．I’m afraid it will D．I hope so （）10.—Where do you think he the TV set？—Sorry, I have no idea．Ａ．/; bought B．has; bought C．did; buy D．did; bough （）11.Do you want to help the person__________?A．you don’t know him B．w ho you don’t know himC．which you don’t know him D．you don’t know( ) 12、—Excuse me, could you help me carry the box?————.A．Yes, I could B．it doesn’t matterC．With pleasure D．Don’t mention it( )13. His book is well , it’s well worth .A.writing; lookingB. writing; to readC. written; to seeD. written; reading( )14. Could you tell me which best among the books on sale?A. is soldB. sellsC. are writtenD. writes（）15.—?—It’s not too bad.A. How is it doingB. How is it goingC．What is it going D.What is it doing（）16.What I enjoy with my friends.A. playingB. to playC. is to playD. play（）17.—I lend your my dictionary?—No, I have my own. Thank you all the same.A. DoB. MustC. ShallD. Will（）18.Boys and girls, ____ careful when you walk cross the busy street.A. areB. should beC. must beD. be（）19.—Do you believe you read in newspaper?—No, I only believe some of them.A. somethingB. anythingC. nothingD. everything ( )20.—What do you know about the world’s population?—I know China and India are countries_____ more than one billionA. with a population ofB. with populations ofC. that have populationsD. which has a population of二、完形填空（10小题10分）A group of frogs were traveling through the forests, but unluckily two of them fellinto a hole. The other frogs tried to help them. When they saw how 1 the hole was, they cried to the two frogs that they could not be saved. The two frogs didn't 2 and tried their best to jump up out of the hole. The other frogs 3 saying that they were sure to die. 4, one of the two frogs, who heard what the other frogs were saying, 5 . Then he fell down and died.The other frog, however, 6 to jump as hard as he could, and at last made it out. When he 7 , the other frogs asked, "Didn't you hear us?" The frog, who had a poor 8, explained, "I thought you were encouraging me all the timid."The story teaches us a 9 : There is power(力量) of life and death in the tongue. An 10 word to those who are down can help them out while a discouraging word can kill them.（）1. A. small B. deep C. big D. wide（）2. A. care B. refuse C. insist D. think（）3. A. kept B. finished C. practiced D. stopped（）4. A. Luckily B. Finally C. Suddenly D. Happily（）5. A. went on B. ran away C. jumped out D. gave up（）6. A. happened B. continued C. planned D. wanted（）7. A. got out B. ran away C. got off D. woke up（）8. A. smelling B. eyesight C. hearing D. looking（）9. A. way B. skill C. sentence D. lesson（）10. A. interesting B. exciting C. excellent D. encouraging三、阅读理解(共20小题，计40分)AIn the last 500 years, nothing about people—not their clothes, ideas or languages—has changed as much as what they eat. The original（最初的）chocolate drink was made from the seeds of a certain kind of tree by South American Indians. The Spanish introduced it to the rest of the world during the 1500’s, and although it was very expensive, it quickly became popular. In London shops where chocolate drinks were served became important meeting places. Some still exist today.The potato is also from the New World. Around 1600, the Spanish brought it fromPeru to Europe, where it soon was widely grown. Ireland became so dependent on it that thousands of Irish people died from hunger when the crop failed during the “ Potato Famine ” of 1845-1846.There are many other foods that have traveled from South America to the Old World. But some other went in the opposite direction. Brazil（巴西）is now the world’s largest grower of coffee, and coffee is an important crop in many other countries of South American. But it is native to Ethiopia. It was first made into a drink by Arabs during the 1400’s.（）1. According to the writer,_____ has changed greatly since the 1400’s.A. people’s chothesB. people’s foodC. chocolate drinksD. people’s language（）2. From the passage we learned that Peru is a country in ______.A. EuropeB. the Old WorldC. the Arab WorldD. the New World（）3. The word “ Famine ”probably means “_____”.A. fast growthB. good harvestC. serious need of foodD. rise in price（）4. What did Spanish do?A.They introduced coffee to Europe in the 1500’s.B.They brought potato from Peru to Europe.C.They made the original coffee.D.They grew potato and lived on it.（）5. The main idea of the passage is that______.A.South America produces many new kinds of foodB.Foods traveled from place to placeC.the Old World and the New World have different kinds of foodD.shops became important meeting p laces in London after the 1500’sBI have a rule for travel : Never carry a map . I prefer to ask for directions.Foreign visitors are often puzzled in Japan because most streets there don’t havenames. In Japan, people use landmarks in their directions instead of street names. For example, the Japanese will say to travelers,” Go straight down to the corner. Turn left at the big hotel and go past a fruit market. The post office is across from the bus stop.”In the countryside of the American midwest, usually there are not many landmarks. There are no mountains, so the land is very flat（平坦的）. In many places there are no towns or buildings within miles. Instead of landmarks, people will tell you directions and distances. In Kansas or Iowa, for example, people will say, “ Go north two miles. Turn east, and then go another mile. ”People in Los Angeles, California, have no idea of distance on the map : they measure distance by means of time, not miles. “How far away is the post office?” you ask. “Oh,” they answer,“It’s about five minutes from here. ”You say“Yes, but how many miles away is it? ” They don’t know.People in Greece sometimes do not even try to give directions because visitors seldom （很少）understand the Greek language. Instead of giving you the direction, a Greek will often say, “Follow me.” Then he’ll lead you through the streets of the city to the post office.Sometimes a person doesn’t know the answer to your question. What happens in this situation（情形）? A New Yorker might say,“ Sorry, I have no idea. ”But in Yucatan, Mexico, no one answer “ I don’t know ”. People in Yucatan think that “I don’t know” is impolite. They usually give an answer, often a wrong one. A visitor can get very, very lost in Yucatan!One thing will help you everywhere-in Japan, in the United States, in Greece, in Mexico, or in any other place. You might not understand a person’s words, but maybe you can understand his body language. He or she will usually turn and then point in the correct direction. Go in that direction, and you may find the post office!（）1.The passage mainly tells us that____.A. there are not many landmarks in the American midwest.B. Never carry a map for travel.C. There are different ways to give directions in different parts of theworld.D. New Yorker often say, “I have no idea.”but people in Yucatan,Mexico never say this.（）2.The passage says, “ In Japan, people use landmarks in their directions. ” The word “ landmark ” meansA. street namesB. building namesC. hotels, markets and bus stopsD. buildings or places that are easily recognized（）3.In which place do people tell distance by means of time?A. JapanB. AmericanC. Los Angeles, CaliforniaD. Greece（）4.In the passage, ______ countries are mentioned by the writer.A. sevenB. fourC. fiveD. eight（）5.Which of the following is wrong?A.Travelers can learn about people’s customs by asking questions aboutdirections.B.People in some places give directions in miles, but people in otherplaces give directions by means of time.C. A person’s body language can help you understand directions.D.People in different places always give directions in the same way:They use street names.COnce Effendi(阿凡提) had a joke with the Prime Minister(宰相). He said the Minister would die the next day. Really the next day the Minister fell off the horse and died. When the king heard this, he got angry and sent his men to catch Effendi at once.When Effendi was brought to him, the king shouted angrily “Effendi, since you know when my Minister would die, you must know the date of your own death. Say it out, or you’ll die today.”Looking at the king, Effendi answered, “But how can I know? I’ll die two daysearlier than you .” Be cause the king was afraid if he killed Effendi, he himself would die after that, he thought he must keep Effendi alive as long as possible, so he let Effendi go.( )1. This story tells us .A. how Effendi fooled the king.B. when the king would dieC. why the Minister dieD. Effendi knew the dates of everyone’s death ( )2.The Prime Minister died because .A. Effendi killed himB. Effendi said he would dieC. he fell to the ground from the horseD. he was badly ill( )3. Why did the king ask Effendi to tell him the date of his own death?A.Because in this way the king would know when he would dieB.Because he wanted to find an excuse to kill Effendi.C.Because he himself had known the date of Effendi’s death.D.Because he wanted to know when Effendi would die.( )4.The king let Effendi go because .A. he hoped to live a long lifeB. he was afraid of EffendiC. he didn’t believe Effendi’s wordD. he know he would die two dayslater( )5. Which of the following is NOT true?A.The Minister died after the day when Effendi played a joke on himB.The king was afraid of death .C.Effendi didn’t know when the king would die.D.If the king killed Effendi, he himself would die two days later.DBlood Donation (献血)A grown-up person has ten or eleven pints of blood inside his or her body .We can lose a pint of blood without feeling anything , but if we lose too much blood ,we feel weak and cold . Our faces become pale ,We may die .This is what often happens when somebody is hurt in an accident, or a soldier is hurt in a war。

2012年中考模拟考试化学试题本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，共8页，满分100分。

考试时间90分钟。

注意事项：1．试卷的选择题和非选择题都在答题卡上作答，不能答在试卷上。

2．作图（含辅助线）或画表，先用铅笔进行画线、绘图，再用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔描黑。

3．其余注意事项，见答题卡。

可能用到的相对原子质量：H 1 C 12 N 14 O 16 Na 23 Cl 35.5第Ⅰ卷（选择题共36分）一、选择题（本题包括15小题，每小题2分，共30分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题意）1．2012年2月，国务院同意发布新修订的《环境空气质量标准》，增加了PM2.5（指大气中直径小于或等于2.5微米的颗粒物）监测指标。

空气污染再次成为了人们的热门话题。

下列做法中．不会．．造成大气污染的是（）A．燃烧煤等化石燃料B．焚烧稻草秸秆C．燃烧氢气D．燃放烟花爆竹2．人类的生产和生活中离不开金属材料。

通常所说的“金属材料”，既包括纯金属，也包括各种合金。

下列金属材料不属于．．．合金的是（）A．青铜B．铁锈C．生铁D．焊锡3. 2011年9月27日，国务院全面动员和部署“十二五”节能减排工作，建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会。

下列符合该理念的是（）A．卫生纸替代手帕B．鼓励使用塑料袋C．大力发展火力发电D．开发油电混合动力汽车4.下列化学用语或结构表达不正确．．．的是（）A．葡萄糖的化学式：C12H22O11B．2个氮气分子2N2C．镁离子的符号：Mg2+ D．石墨的结构：5. 科学研究表明，氨气在常压下就可液化为液氨，液氨可用作汽车的清洁燃料，其燃烧时的主要反应为4NH3 + 3O2点燃2X + 6H2O 。

下列说法中不正确．．．的是（）A．氨气在常压下液化是物理变化B．X的化学式为N2 C．液氨具有可燃性属于化学性质D．液氨属于混合物6．下列实验数据合理的是（）A．10mL水和10mL酒精配制成20mL酒精溶液B ．用10 mL 量筒量取了6.53 mL 水 C. 用pH 试纸测得某地雨水的pH 为5 D ．用天平称得某物质的质量为10.57g7. 化学是一门以实验为基础的科学。