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高中英语真题:V-ing形式作主语和宾语一、V-ing形式作主语1. V-ing形式作主语表示比较抽象的一般行为，尤其是强调多次性的动作。
如：Reading poems gives me muc h pleasure. 读诗给我带来很多欢乐。
动词不定式作主语常表示具体的某一次动作，特别是将来的动作。
如：To go to town this afternoon is necessary. 今天下午进城是必要的。
2. V-ing形式常用于It’s no use (useless) doing, It’s no good doing, There is no doi ng (不可能，不允许)句型中。
如：It’s no use forcing children to learn. 强迫孩子学习是没有用的。
There is no telling what will happen. 未来的事，无法预料。
考例：’s never willing to alter any of his opinions. It’s no use with h im.A. to argueB. arguingC. arguedD. having argued答案：B。
3. V-ing形式作主语，谓语动词用单数。
如：Learning new words is very useful to us. 对我们来说学习生词很重要。
二、V-ing形式作宾语1. 跟V-ing形式作宾语的动词有：spend, advise, allow, appreciate, avoid, consider (考虑), delay, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, keep, imagine, mind, miss, permit, practise, risk, suggest 等及feel like, be fond of, what (how) about等固定词组。
2013中考英语备考：v,ing形式用法（必背重点）v-ing形式是英语中非谓语动词的一种,它在句中可作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语和定语。
一、 v-ing形式作主语表示泛指意义的行为。
谓语动词要用第三人称单数。
如:Saving money is a good habit.二、 v-ing形式作宾语1. 有些动词后常跟v-ing形式作宾语,常见的有finish, practice, enjoy, suggest, keep, mind, advise等。
如:A young man practiced speaking English with Mr. Green just now.2. 有些动词词组或某些结构后常跟v-ing形式,常见的有give up, look forward to, feel like, pay attention to, put off, succeed in, be / get used to, can’t help, be interested in, be afraid of, be busy 等。
如:He gave up smoking in the end.[友情提示]1. 某些动词后既可跟动词不定式,也可跟v-ing形式作宾语,但表达的意思不同,常见的有remember to do sth. (记住去做某事), remember doing sth. (记得做过某事);forget to do sth. (忘记去做某事), forget doing sth.( 忘记做过某事); stop to do sth. (停下来去做另一件事), stop doing sth (停止做某事); try to do sth.(尽力做某事), try doing sth.(尝试做某事)等。
2. 还有一些动词后面既可跟动词不定式,也可跟v-ing形式作宾语,但表达的意思无多大区别,常见的有love, like, hate, prefer, begin, start, continue等。
2013届高考英语一轮总复习精选动词不定式用法基本形式是to do，否定式是在前面加not，即not to do。
我经常以不同的身份出现在许多场合，在句中我可以充当主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、表语和状语等各种句子成分，一起来看看吧！1. 不定式作主语。
例如：To learn is my duty. 学习是我的责任。
作主语的不定式较长时，常用it作形式主语，而动词不定式作真正的主语。
如：It’s my duty to look after the babies. 照看那些婴儿是我的职责。
【注意】句中不定式需要有逻辑主语时，常用for+名词(或代词)+不定式，构成不定式的复合结构。
如：It’s hard for him to finish this work. 对他来说完成这项工作很难。
2.不定式作宾语。
例如：I want to visit my old friend. 我想去探望我的老朋友。
3.不定式作宾语补足语。
例如：He asked me to open the door. 他叫我打开门。
【注意】当句中的谓语动词为使役动词（make, let等）或感官动词（see,watch,hear等）时，作宾语补足语的不定式需省略to，但在被动语态中不能省略。
如：I saw him go into the house. 我看见他走进了那座房子。
He was seen to go into the house. 他被看到走进了那座房子。
4. 不定式作定语。
不定式作定语通常要放在被修饰的词后。
例如：I have a lot of homework to do. 我有很多作业要做。
【注意】不定式与它所修饰的词之间往往有“动宾关系”，这就要求不定式中的动词是及物动词或不及物动词后加介词。
例如：Give me some paper to write on. 请给我一些写字的纸。
We have two questions to talk about. 我们有两个问题要讨论。
初中三年英语V+to do 结构、V+doing 结构、V既+to 又+ing等动词短语结构汇总1、V+to do 结构ask sb to do sth. 请（叫）某人做某事tell sb to do sth. 请（叫）某人做某事help sb ( to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事want sb to do sth. 想要某人做某事wish sb to do sth. 希望某人做某事invite sb to do sth. 邀请某人做某事drive sb to do sth. 驱使某人做某事expect sb to do sth. 期望某人做某事forbid sb to do sth. 制止某人做某事force sb to do sth. 强迫某人做某事hope to do sth. 希望做某事offer to do sth. 自动提出做某事plan to do sth. 计划做某事prepare to do sth. 准备做某事pretend to do sth. 假装做某事promise to do sth. 承诺做某事refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事fail to do sth. 未能做某事happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事need sb to do sth. 需要某人做某事need doing =need to be done. 某事需要被做advise sb to do sth. 建议某人做某事advise doing sth. 建议做某事allow sb to do sth. 允许某人做某事allow doing sth. 允许做某事2、V+doing 结构consider doing sth. 考虑做某事enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事escape doing sth. 逃脱做某事finish doing sth. 做完某事give up doing sth. 放弃做某事imagine doing sth. 想象做某事mind doing sth. 介意做某事practice doing sth. 练习做某事prevent doing sth. 阻止做某事put off doing sth. 推迟做某事risk doing sth. 冒险做某事forbid doing sth. 制止做某事forgive doing sth. 原谅做某事3、V既 +to 又 +ingremember to do sth. 记住去做某事，表示这件事情还没有做remember doing sth. 记得做过某事forget to do sth. 忘记要去做某事 (未做)forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事 (已做)regret to do sth. 遗憾地（要）做某事（未做）regret doing sth. 后悔做过某事 (已做）try to do sth. 努力做谋事，尽力做某事，但不一定成功try doing sth. 试图做谋事stop to do 表示停止现在在做的事情，开始做另外一件事情stop doing 表示停止现在在做的事情mean to do sth. 计划做某事mean doing sth. 意味着做某事can't help to do sth. 不能协助做某事can't help doing sth. 禁不住做某事go on to do sth. 做了一件事后，接着做另一件事go on doing sth. 继续做原来做的事4、V+do 动词原形let sb do sth. 让某人做某事make sb do sth. 使某人做某事make sth. done 使某事完成have sb do sth. 使某人做某事have sth done 做完某事see sb do sth. 看见某人做某事see sb doing 看人某人正在做hear sb do sth. 听见某人做某事hear sb doing 听见某人正在做listen to sb do sth. 听着某人做某事listen sb doing sth 听着某人正在做look at sb do sth. 看着某人做某事watch sb do sth. 观看某人做某事5、V+双宾语give sb sth = give sth to sb 给某人某物tell sb sth = tell sth to sb 告诉某人某事borrow sth from sb 向某人借某物lend sth to sb 借某物给某人buy sth for sb = buy sb sth 给某人买某物show sb sth = show sth to sb 向某人展示某物6、be 动词结构be at home = stay at home 在家be in trouble 有麻烦be careful of 小心……be late for 因……迟到be free 空闲的，有空be busy doing/with sth 忙于……be covered with 被……覆盖be ready for 为……作好准备be surprised (at) 对……感到惊讶be interested in 对……有兴趣be excited about 激动于be angry with 愤怒于be mad at 疯狂于be friendly to 友好地去be pleased with 很高兴做be satisfied with 对……很满意be famous for 因……而著名be famous as 作为……而著名be strict with 对……严格be strict in 在……方面严格be afraid of 害怕……be afraid to do 害怕去做……be glad to do 很高兴去做……be good for 对……有好处be bad for 对……有害处be good at = do well in 擅长be able to do 能去做……7、V固定搭配have a lesson /a meeting 上课/开会have a try 试一试have a good time 玩得很高兴have fun 玩得高兴have breakfast/lunch/supper 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭have a meal (three meals) 吃一顿饭have a fever 发烧have a cold 感冒have a look (at) 看一看……have a rest 休息一会儿have a talk 谈话have a walk = take a walk 散步make friends (with) 与……交朋友make a living 谋生make a mistake 犯错误make a sentence 造句be made from/of 由……制成be made in 在……地方制造look after = take care of 照管，照看look for 寻找look like 看上去像look out 当心，小心look around 朝四周看look at 看着……put on 穿上(衣服)，戴上(帽子)put up 张帖set up 竖立，建立set off 出发，动身set out 出发take one's advice 听从某人劝告take out 拿出，取出take down 拿下take place 发生take the place of 代替take it easy 别紧张take away 拿走take off 脱下，起飞，休假day off / have off 休假take photos 拍照take some medicine 服药turn on 打开(电灯，收音机等)turn off 关上(电灯，收音机等)turn down (把音量)调低turn up 调高turn in 交出，上交turn…into…变成turn…over 把……翻过来at once 立刻at last 最后at first 起先，首先at the age of…在……岁时at the end of…在……之末by the end of…到……底为止at the beginning of…在……之初at night/noon 在夜里/中午in the day 在白天in all 总共in fact 事实上in one's twenties 在某人二十几岁时in a hurry 匆忙in time 及时in public 公众，公开地in order to 为了……in front of 在……前面in the front of 在某物内的前面in the end 最后，终于in turn 依次of course 当然from now on 从现在起from then on 从那时起for example 例如far away from 远离a piece of 一张(一片，块)a glass of 一杯a box of 一盒a bottle of 一瓶a set of 一套a group of 一队，一组，一群a kind of 一种all kinds of 所有种类a type of 一种类型的a different type of 一种不同型号的a great deal of 非常多，大量的a large (great) number of 非常多，大量的a great many 大量，许多all over the world/the country 全世界/全国day after day 日复一日day by day 一天天up and down 上上下下the day after tomorrow 后天the day before yesterday 前天8、V其他固定搭配laugh at 嘲笑be used to doing 习惯于used to 过去常常use sth to do sth 用某物做某事wake…up 唤醒work out 算出hurry up 赶快，快点think about 考虑……think of 想到be anxious about 担忧throw away 扔掉hear of 听说hear from 收到……来信instead of 代替……with one's help 在某人的帮助下，由于with the help of …在……的帮助下to one's surprise 令某人吃惊的是up and down 上上下下just now/then 刚才/那时late on 过后，后来work / study hard 努力工作come out 解出wait for 等待do morning exercises 做早操do eye exercises 做眼保健操get on/along (well) with 与……相处（融洽）。
It 做形式主语,形式宾语的句型中,用动名词作逻辑主语或逻辑宾语.There's no use( \point\ sense\ good等名词)+doing somethingIt's good( \nice\interesting\useless\fun\hard\useful等形词)+doing somethingIt's no use (no good\no point\no sense\a waste of money等名词+of doing something .v+doing与v+to do的区别1.多数动词后要加to do作宾语。
例如：want to do，hope to do表示将要去做2.有些动词后只能用ing形式(当然也可用名词或代词）作宾语，它们是：allow(但allow sb. to do sth.）,advise(advise sb to do), appreciate，avoid，confess, complete ,consider=think of(consider sb / sth to be), contemplate,favour,delay, deny,enjoy, escape , excuse,fancy, finish, forbid（但forbid sb to do sth),get down to(开始着手做,to为介词),imagine, keep, keep on, miss ,mind, permit(permit sb todo),practise, pardon, postpone/put offRequire doing (require sb to do ),suggest,resent,stand,understand,necessitate,mention,acknowledge,adv ocate,等。
高中英语真题:2013届高三英语寒假作业：非谓语动词）知识目标：非谓语动词知识点梳理：1、.过去分词与现在分词一般式的区别；2、过去分词与现在分词主动完成式的区别；3、过去分词与现在分词一般被动式的区别；4、固定搭配；1）不定时2) v-ing5 区分形式和含义1）try to do/doing2) mean to do /doing3) remember to do /doing4) go on to do / doing5) stop to do / doing6) need to do / doing7) like to do /doing6、非谓语动词与定语从句的转换；7、非谓语动词与状语从句的转换；非谓语动词的做题步骤：1、判定是否用非谓语形式。
方法：看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了。
2、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。
方法：非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。
3、判断主被动关系。
方法：非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。
4、判断时间关系。
方法：分析句子，看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是同时。
之前常用done; 之后常用to do; 同时常用doing。
知识巩固练习1. ________ the big snake，the little girl stood under the tree ________ out of her life.A．Seeing; frightened B．Seeing; frighteningC．Seen; frightened D．To see; frightening2. Henry always forgets things he has done. Yesterday he forgo t ________and looked for it everywhere.A．to post the letter B．to have the letter postedC．to have posted the letter D．having posted the letter3. ________ the youth ________ the rising sun at 8 or 9 am，Mao Zedong expressed his great hope for the young men.A．Comparing; with B．Compared; toC．Compared; with D．Comparing; to4. With the world changing fast，we have something new ________ with all by ourselves every d ay.A．deal B．dealt C．to deal D．dealing5. —I would like to buy an expensive camera.—Well，we have several models________.A．to choose from B．to choose C．to be chosen D．for choice6. — Shall we go outing this weekend?—Oh，with all this work ________， I don’t know if I’ll have time to go o ut.A．to do B．doing C．done D．do7. Why do you stand and watch the milk________ over?A．boiling B．boiled C．from boiling D．having been boi led8. The famous writer’s play，________ in one of my books，was published in 1963.A．to mention B．mentioned C．to be mentioning D．mentioning9. ________ that you are chosen to be a volunteer at London Ol ympics Games，what will you do?A. Assuming B．Assumed C．To assume D．To be assumed10. — Why was he fined?—He happened to ________ several flowers in the park.A．be seen pick B．be seen picking C．be caught to pick D．catch picking11. —What can we do to help Li Hai?—All we can do is to try ________ that he ought to study more.A．making him to realize B．making him realizeC．to make him realize D．to make him to realize12. Once lost，________.A．it is difficult to get such a chance againB．one can never get such a chance againC．such a chance will never come againD．to get such a chance will be difficult13. I regret ________you that we are unable to offer you employ ment.A．informing B．having informedC．to inform D．to be informed14. Whatever trouble Mr White had ________with the case，he would stick to his own opinion.A．deal B．to deal C．dealt D．dealing15. ________of plastics，the machines are light in weight.A．To make B．Having made C．Being made D．Made第一节：完型填空I know I should have told the headmaster at the time. That was my real 36 .He had gone out of the study for some 37 , leaving me alone. In his absence I looked to see 38 was on his desk. In the 39 was a small piece of paper on which were written the 40 “E nglish Writing Prize 1949. History Is a Series of Biographies(人物传记)”.A(n) 41 boy would have avoided looking at the title as soon a s he saw the 42 . I did not. The subject of the English Writing Prize was kept a 43 until the start of the exam so I could not 44 reading it.When the headmaster 45 , I was looking out of the window.I should have told him what had 46 then. It would have been so 47 to say: “I’m sorry, but I48 the title for the English Writing Prize on your desk. You’ll have to 49 it.”The chance passed and I did not 50 it. I sat the exam the nex t day and I won. I didn’t 51 to cheat, but it was still cheating a nyhow.That was thirty-eight years 52 when I was fifteen. I have never told anyone a bout it before, 53 have I tried to explain to myself why not. The obvious explanation is that I could not admit I had seen the title 54 admitting that I had been looking at the things on his desk. 55 there must have been more behind it. Whatever it was, it has become a good example of how a little mistake can t rap you in a more serious moral corner(道德困境).36. A. plan B. faultC. gradeD. luck37. A. reason B. courseC. exampleD. vacation38. A. this B. which C. thatD. what39. A. drawer B. corner C. middleD. box40. A. names B. words C. ideasD. messages41. A. honest B. handsome C. friendlyD. active42. A. desk B. paper C. bookD. answer43. A. question B. keyC. noteD. secret44. A. help B. considerC. practiseD. forget45. A. disappeared B. stayedC. returnedD. went46. A. existed B. remainedC. happenedD. continued47. A. tiring B. easyC. importantD. difficult48. A. saw B. gaveC. setD. made49. A. repeat B. defend C. correctD. change50. A. take B. haveC. loseD. find51. A. remember B. learn C. meanD. pretend52. A. past B. agoC. thenD. before53.A. eitherB. neverC. norD. so54. A. by B. besidesC. throughD. without55. A. But B. ThoughC. OtherwiseD. Therefore第二节：阅读理解AWhen students and parents are asked to rate subjects accor ding to their importance, the arts are unavoidably at the bottom of the list. Music is nice, people seem to say, but not important. Too often it is viewed as entertainment, but certainly not an edu cation priority(优先). This view is shortsighted. In fact, music education is beneficial and important for all students. Music tells us who we are, because music is an expression o f the beings who create it, it reflects their thinking and values, a s well as the social environment it came from. Rock music represents a lifestyle just as surely as does a Schubert song. The jazz influence that George Gersh2013届高三英语寒假作业：非谓语动词）知识目标：非谓语动词知识点梳理：1、.过去分词与现在分词一般式的区别；2、过去分词与现在分词主动完成式的区别；3、过去分词与现在分词一般被动式的区别；4、固定搭配；1）不定时2) v-ing5 区分形式和含义1）try to do/doing2) mean to do /doing3) remember to do /doing4) go on to do / doing5) stop to do / doing6) need to do / doing7) like to do /doing6、非谓语动词与定语从句的转换；7、非谓语动词与状语从句的转换；非谓语动词的做题步骤：1、判定是否用非谓语形式。
英语考试高频基础考点：动词doing和todo全概括，英语干货！在中学英语学习中，想要取得高分，英语语法和单词这两座大山一定要过，今天小蛙老师要和大家分享的就是中学英语最常考的英语动词+doing和+to do 的总结，千万别再弄混了。
一、带动词ing形式1. keep doing坚持做某事2. keep sb. doing使某人一直做某事3. practise doing sth.练习做某事4. enjoy doing喜欢做某事5. finish doing完成做某事6. be afraid of doing 害怕做某事be busy doing 忙于做某事7. look forward to doing盼望做某事8. how about doing、./what about doing做某事怎么样9. spend some time (in)doing花时间做某事10. spend some money (in) buying 花钱做某事11. feel like doing想做某事12. stop/keep/prevent …from doing阻止某人做某事13. thank sb for doing感谢某人做某事14. thanks for doing感谢做某事15. do some cooking/cleaning/reading/shopping/washing 做点饭、打扫一下卫生、读点书、逛逛街、洗洗衣服16. go swimming/fishing/shopping/skating/boating去游泳、钓鱼、逛街、滑冰、划船17. mind doing介意做某事18. can’t help doing情不自禁做某事19. consider doing考虑做某事20. have fun doing sth.. 做某事有趣21. have difficulty doing sth做某事有困难have trouble doing sth做某事有困难have problem doing sth 做某事有困难22. waste time/money doing浪费时间或金钱做某事23. instead of doing代替做某事24. miss doing 错过做某事25. hold on to doing坚持做某事26. pay attention to doing集中精力做某事27. suggest doing建议做某事28. It’s time for doing 到该做某事的时间了It’s time to do sth. 到该做某事的时间了29. There is sb doing sth有人正在做某事30. be used to doing sth 习惯做某事31. be used for doing sth被用来做某事32. have a lot of experience具有做某事的丰富经验33 sb allow doing sth允许做某事34. put off doing sth推迟做某事35. succeed in doing sth 成功做某事36. end up doing以做某事结束37. give up doing放弃做某事二、含有不带to的动词不定式句型：1. had better (not) do sth.最好（不）做某事2. would you please (not) do sth 你可以做某事吗？3. why not do sth.为什么不做某事？why don’t you do sth.为什么你不做某事？4. Shall we do sth.?我们要做某事吗？5. let sb do sth.让某人做某事6. make sb. do sth. have sb do sth使某人做某事7. feel sb do sth感觉某人做某事三、含有带to的动词不定式句型1. It’s time to do sth. 该是做某事的时候了2. It takes sb. some time to do sth做某事花了某人时间3. tell/ ask/ want/encourage/invite/ sb. to do sth.告诉、叫、想、鼓励、邀请某人做某事4. Would you like to do sth.?你想做某事吗？5. It’s good/bad to do sth做某事好/不好6. It’s good/bad for sb.to do sth.对某人来说，做某事好/不好7. be +adj.+ enough to do sth.足够+形容词做某事8. sb. is ready to do sth.某人准备好做某事9. It’s+ adj.+ for sb. to do sth. 做某事对某人+形容词（做这件事对你好）10. It’s+ adj.+ of sb. to do sth某人做某事+形容词（你做这事真好）11. would like/love /decide/want/wish/to do sth. 想、喜欢、决定、想、希望做某事12. would like/love sb. to do sth.想让某人做某事13. prefer to do rather than do sth.宁愿做某事而不愿做某事例如：I prefer to read rather than write .意思同I prefer reading to writing. 又如：I prefer to stay at home rather than go out.再如：prefer=like better ，即：I prefer red.=I like red better.14. how/ when/where/whether to do sth怎么、什么时候、在哪里、要不要做某事15. can’t wait to do 迫不及待做某事16. too …to do … 太怎么样而不能做某事17. be afraid /ready/able/sure to do害怕、准备、能够、确定做某事18. It’s time to do sth到该干某事的时候了19. My job is to do sth我的工作是做某事20. My dream is to do sth我的梦想是做某事21. My hobby is to do sth我的业余爱好是做某事22. refuse to do sth拒绝做某事23. warn sb to do sth告诫某人做某事24. pretend to do sth假装做某事25. teach/learn to do sth 教做某事、/学习做某事26. need to do sth需要做某事27. be willing to do sth愿意做某事28. .try to do sth努力做某事29. try one’s best to do sth尽某人最大努力做某事30. agree to do sth同意做某事31. seem to do sth 好像似乎做某事32. plan to do sth /make a plan to do sth计划做某事33. in order to do sth 为了做某事34. have a chance to do sth有机会做某事35. find it +adj + for sb to do sth发现做某事是……36. have sth to do有某事要做37. There is sth for sb to do对某人来说，有某事要做38. be anxious to do渴望做某事39. afford to do sth 支付得起做某事四、两个动作连用，表目的：40. used to do sth 过去常常做某事41. be used to do sth被用来做某事42. be supposed to do sth理应做某事，应该做某事43. allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事44. sb be allowed to do sth某人被允许做某事45. the best way is to do sth最好的方法是做某事46. the next step is to do sth 下一步是做某事47. have nothing to do with 与某事无关48. the first thing is to do sth第一件事是做某事49. it’s best to do sth最好做某事50. it’s a good time to do sth这是做某事的最好时间it is a good way to do sth 做某事是个好的办法51. add to do补充做某事52. urge sb to do 催促某人做某事53. educate sb to do 教育某人做某事54. wait for sb to do等待某人做某事55. order sb to do命令某人做某事56. happen to do sth碰巧做某事57. lead sb to do sth领导某人做某事58. it's a good place to do sth这是做某事的好地方59. invite sb to do邀请某人做某事60. get to do sth设计做某事61. expect to do 期望做某事62. volunteer to do sth志愿做某事63. offer to do sth 主动提供做某事64. have an opportunity to do有机会做某事65. get sb to do sth使某人做某事66. it’s one’s duty to do sth做某事是某人的责任67. use sth to do sth用某物做某事68. be sure to do sth一定会做某事69. have to do sth不得不做某事70. be able / unable to do sth能够/不能做某事五、既用带to的动词不定式又用ing形式的句型：1. stop to do/ doing停下来做另一件事/停止做某事2. forget to do/ doing忘记去做某事/忘记做过某事3. remember to do/doing记住去做某事/记得做过某事4. go on to do/doing继续做另一件事/继续做某事5. like to do/doing 喜欢做某事（临时/长期）6. love to do/doing 喜欢做某事（临时/长期）7. prefer to do/doing 更喜欢做某事（临时/长期）8. hate to do/doing讨厌做某事（临时/长期）六、下列结构用带to的动词不定式和ing形式含义相同：1. begin to do/doing开始做某事2. start to do/doing开始做某事3. continue to do/doing继续做某事4. go on doing 继续做某事5. take turns to do/doing 轮流做某事七、既用不带to的动词不定式又用现在分词的句型：用不带to的动词不定式强调动作的完成过程；用现在分词强调动作的进行状态。
中考复习——动词不定式to do 与动名词doing 的用法知识集锦一、动词的不定式①不定式有标记，to与动词连一起。
②没有人称数变化，动词特点它具备。
③主宾定状表补语，唯独作谓不可以。
④not 加上不定式，否定结构要牢记。
⑤疑问词与不定式，构成短语有意义。
⑥仔细推敲多思考，准确判断有依据。
解析：①“to+动词原形”是它的基本构成形式，即不定式的标记。
②它没有人称和数的变化，不管主语是任何人称，单数还是复数，动词不定式都没有变化。
但它仍保留动词的特点，可以有自己的宾语或状语。
③它具有名词、形容词和副词三大特点，所以，它在句中可以作主语、宾语、定语、表语、状语和宾补。
④“not +动词不定式”是它的否定形式，不要受其他否定式的影响，要记住规律。
⑤疑问代词what, who, whom, which和疑问副词where, when, why , how加上不定式在句中可以做主语，宾语、表语、状语。
⑥通过以上分析，只要仔细研究，把不定式的功能用法搞清楚，在应用时就能作出准确的判断。
1.动词不定式构成（肯定）基本形式：to+动词原形，有时不可用to，这里的to是不定式符号，本身没有词义。
例如：My mother asked me to learn English well.我妈妈让我学好英语。
2.动词不定式的构成（否定）基本形式：not+(to)+动词原形。
例如：He decided not to go home.他决定不回家。
知识点名：动词to do构成（wh-+to do）疑问代词who，what，which，疑问副词when，where，how和连词whether等后面加to do，可在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等成分。
知识点名：动词不定式构成（复合结构）☆It's+adj.+(for sb.)+to do sth.（对于某人）做某事有某种特点，表示事件对人的影响。
这一结构的形容词多用于修饰事物的性质特征，如easy, difficult, fun, boring, interesting, relaxing, fantastic等。
非谓语动词之V-ing什么叫非谓语动词：在句中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。
一、非谓语动词分为三种形式：to do(不定式)、doing（动词的ing形式）和done（动词的过分）如：1. doing (V-ing）I can’t help laughing when he tells us jokes.2. to do（动词不定式）My mother encourages me to try this speech.3. done（过去分词）The book written by Han Han sells well.二、性质：它具有动词的特点，但在句子中起着名词、形容词、副词的作用，充当主语、表语、定语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语的作用，即除谓语以外一切成分。
现在分词（doing）一、现在分词的形式，如下列例句：1. Would you mind keeping your voice down, please?2. Mr. Tang hates being forced to get married.3. Not having made full preparations, Mr. Tang decided to be a runaway groom.4. Having been told many times, he still repeated the same mistake.三、现在各种形式用法举例1）动词-ing形式的一般式可用来泛指一个动作，没有特别的时间意义。
Swimming is her favorite sport.Learning is important to modern life.2）doing 和being done 表示与谓语动词同时发生的动作，doing与主语之间是主动关系，而being done 与主语之间是被动关系。
They went out of the classroom, talking and laughing.The question being discussed is very important.3）having done 和having been done 表示一个已完成的动作，这个动作发生在谓语动词之前，having done 和主语之间是主动，having been done 和主语之间是被动。
接不定式（而不接动名词）做宾语的24个常用动词Afford to do sth 负担得起做某事Agree to do sth 同意做某事Arrange to do sth 安排做某事Ask to do sth 要求做某事Decide to do sth 决定做某事Demand to do sth 要求做某事Determine to do sth 决心做某事Expect to do sth 期待做某事Help to do sth 帮助做某事Hope to do sth 希望做某事Learn to do sth 学习做某事Manage to do sth 设法做某事Offer to do sth 主动提出做某事Plan to do sth 计划做某事Prepare to do sth 准备做某事Pretend to do sth 假装做某事Promise to do sth 答应做某事Refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事Want to do sth 想要做某事注：有些不及物动词后习惯上也接不定式，不接动名词Aim to do sth 打算做某事Fail to do sth 未能做某事Happen to do sth 碰巧做某事Hesitate to do sth 犹豫做某事Struggle to do sth 努力做某事二，接不定式作宾补的35个常用动词Advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事Allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事Ask sb to do sth 请（叫）某人Beg sb to do sth 请求某人做某事Cause sb to do sth 导致某人做某事Command sb to do sth 命令某人做某事Drive sb to do sth 驱使某人做某事Elect sb to do sth 选举某人做某事Encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事Expect sb to do sth 期望某人做某事Forbid sb to do sth 禁止某人做某事Force sb to do sth 强迫某人做某事Get sb to do sth 使某人做某事Hate sb to do sth 讨厌某人做某事Help sb to do sth 帮助某人做某事Intend sb to do sth 打算要某人做某事Invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事Leave sb to do sth 留下某人做某事Would like sb to do sth 喜欢某人做某事Mean sb to do sth 打算要某人做某事Need sb to do sth 需要某人做某事Oblige sb to do sth 迫使某人做某事Order sb to do sth 命令某人做某事Permit sb to do sth 允许某人做某事Persuade sb to do sth 说服某人做某事Prefer sb to do sth 宁愿某人做某事Request sb to do sth 要求某人做某事Remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事Teach sb to do sth 教某人做某事Tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事Train sb to do sth 训练某人做某事Trouble sb to do sth 麻烦某人做某事Want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事Warn sb to do sth 警告某人做某事Wish sb to do sth 希望某人做某事翻译短句1.我同意去遛狗。
