Fe2+ 14
4.3
8.3
Co2+ 16
5.9
10.5
Ni2+ 18
7.9
11.4
Cu2+ 19
10.5
12.8
Zn2+ 16
6.0
10.5
.
.
Residence Times of Elements
Input of Elements Into the Oceans
1. The fallout of substances from the atmosphere 2. Influx of river water 3. Interior of earth 海洋中某一种元素浓度较低的原因:
1、反应活跃,快速转移到沉积物中 (Al3+) 2、源头浓度低 (Cs+)
.
= Concentration in Ocean/Amount Supplied dA/dt = R - S = 0 Steady State Condition
S = k [A] = 1/k = [A]/R = [A]/S
120 - 250
180,000
40,000 - 10,000,000 500,000
0.25 - 1.2
8,000,000
2.75
190,000,000
27
450,000,000
a) Measure of degree of Undersaturation. R = saturation conc./measured conc.
氧化还原、生物吸收、颗粒物的吸附与解吸等。
.
Trace Elements
Trace elements occur in minute quantities and are usually measured in parts per billion (ppb).