(完整word版)初中英语被动语态讲解

被动语态专题◆定义语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语之间的关系。

主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是谓语的执行者。

被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。

◆被动语态的构成：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词◆被动语态的时态：“主动语态变被动语态，时态不变动”，即助动词be 的时态要跟原主动语态中的时态保持一致。

请看下表：◆主动语态变被动语态的方法第一步：先确定主动句的主、谓、宾，找出其中的谓语动词。

第二步：把主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语，若宾语是人称代词，变宾格为主格。

第三步：把主动句中的谓语动词变为“助动词be +及物动词的过去分词”，时态不变。

第四步：把主动句中的主语变为被动句中介词by的宾语(没必要说出动作的执行者时，“by+宾语”在句中常省略。

)，若主语是人称代词，应把主格变为宾格。

请对比下面的主动句和被动句：主动语态：They(主语)grow(谓语)tea(宾语)in the southeast of China.被动语态：Tea(主语)is grown(谓语)by them in the southeast of China.随堂演练（把下列句型改为被动句）1.Bruce writes a letter every week.→2.Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning.→3.We grow trees every spring.→4.My mother cleans our room every morning.→补充：①S + V +IO +DO双宾语的结构变为被动语态时，可把其中一个宾语变为被动语态的主语。

若将直接宾语变为主语，需根据习惯在原间宾语前加上介词to或for 。

用to的常见词有：give, show, send, lend, pass, pay, teach, throw, bring …….用for的常见词有：design, choose, sing, buy, get, cook ……随堂演练：（1）He gave me a book.→____________________________________(间接宾语作主语)→____________________________________ (直接宾语作主语)（2）My father bought me a new bike.→____________________________________(间接宾语作主语)→____________________________________ (直接宾语作主语)②S+ V+ O+ OC带复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语）的结构变为被动语态时，只能将宾语变为被动语态的主语，宾语补足语不可变为主语。

初中被动语态语法讲解(一)语态分类英语动词有两种语态.，主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。

如： They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动)A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动) 汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。

(二)被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。

以give 为例，列表如下：一般现在时：am / is / are + done 一般过去时：was / were + done一般将来时：shall / will + be done 一般过去将来时：should / would + be done现在进行时：am / is / are + being + done 过去进行时：was / were + being + done现在完成时：have / has + been + done 过去完成时：had + been + done将来完成时：shall / will + have been + done 过去将来完成时：should / would + have been + done ［注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。

(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态1. 一般现在时：(1)People grow rice in the south of the country. Rice is grown in the south of the country.(2)The school doesn't allow us to enter lab without a teacher. We are not allowed to enter lab without a teacher. 2. 一般过去时：(1)They agreed on building a new car factory last month. a new car building factory was agreed on last month.(2)The students didn't forget his lessons easily. His lessons were not easily forgotten3. 一般将来时：(1)They will send cars abroad by sea. Cars will be sent abroad by sea.(2)They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers. Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers.5. 现在进行时：(1)The radio is broadcasting English lessons. English lessons are being broadcasted on the radio.(2) We are painting the rooms. The rooms are being painted.6. 过去进行时：(1)The workers were mending the road. The road was being mended.(2)This time last year we were planting trees here. Trees were being planted here this time last year.7. 现在完成时：(1)Someone has told me the meeting might be put off.I have been told the meeting might be put off.(2)He has brought his book here. His book has been brought here.(四）含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+ be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。

初中中的被动语态用法详解被动语态是英语中一个常用的语法结构，包含了及物动词的被动形式。

初中阶段，学生们需要逐渐掌握被动语态的用法。

本文将详细介绍初中中的被动语态用法。

一、被动语态的基本构成被动语态的基本构成由be动词的适当形式+过去分词构成。

be动词的形式根据句子的时态和主语的人称而定。

过去分词则根据动词的一般过去时的变化规则。

例如：- The car is repaired.（句子时态：一般现在时）- The car was repaired.（句子时态：一般过去时）- The car will be repaired.（句子时态：一般将来时）二、被动语态的用法1. 没有明确的执行者在被动语态中，我们强调动作的接受者而非执行者。

有时，在句子中并没有明确指出执行动作的人或事物。

例如：- The window was broken.（窗户被打破了。

）- The book will be published next month.（这本书将在下个月出版。

）2. 隐藏执行者在某些情况下，句子中刻意隐藏了动作的执行者。

例如：- The cake was eaten.（蛋糕被吃了。

）3. 顺序执行之动作被动语态常用于描述一系列按照一定顺序执行的动作。

例如：- The eggs are washed, peeled, and then boiled.（鸡蛋洗净、剥皮，然后煮熟。

）4. 惯用表达被动语态在某些固定的表达方式中也得到了广泛使用。

例如：- The decision was made.（决定已经做出。

）- The question was answered.（问题已经回答。

）三、主动语态与被动语态的转换在主动语态与被动语态之间进行转换时，需注意以下几点：1. 意义的改变：动作的焦点转移到了接受者身上，原主语成为了新的宾语；2. 动词形式的变化：be动词的形式和动词的过去分词形式相关；3. 语态的时态保持一致：主动语态的时态与被动语态的时态保持一致。

被动语态知识点讲解(更全面,思路清晰)被动语态知识点讲解被动语态是英语语法中的重要概念之一，它在句子中常常用来强调动作的接受者或者对象。

在本文中，我们将详细介绍被动语态的用法和结构，并提供一些实例用以帮助读者更好地理解和运用被动语态。

一、什么是被动语态被动语态是指句子的主语是动作的接受者或对象，而动作的执行者成为句子的宾语或介词短语。

被动语态使用助动词“be”加上动词的过去分词形式构成。

二、被动语态的结构根据被动语态的不同时态，其结构会有些许变化。

下面我们将一一介绍几种常见时态的被动语态结构：1. 一般现在时态：被动语态的一般现在时结构为：[be(am/is/are)] + [过去分词] + [by + 主语执行者]示例：1) 主动句：She writes a book.被动句：A book is written by her.2) 主动句：They make delicious cakes.被动句：Delicious cakes are made by them.2. 现在进行时态：被动语态的现在进行时结构为：[be(am/is/are)] + [being] + [过去分词] + [by + 主语执行者]示例：1) 主动句：He is washing the car.被动句：The car is being washed by him.2) 主动句：They are building a house.被动句：A house is being built by them.3. 一般过去时态：被动语态的一般过去时结构为：[be(was/were)] + [过去分词] + [by + 主语执行者]示例：1) 主动句：She bought a new car.被动句：A new car was bought by her.2) 主动句：They painted the wall.被动句：The wall was painted by them.4. 过去进行时态：被动语态的过去进行时结构为：[be(was/were)] + [being] + [过去分词] + [by + 主语执行者]示例：1) 主动句：He was cleaning the house.被动句：The house was being cleaned by him.2) 主动句：They were repairing the car.被动句：The car was being repaired by them.三、被动语态的用法被动语态的使用可以有多种情况，下面是几个常见的用法：1. 强调行为的接受者：被动语态可以强调动作的接受者或者对象，使其在句子中得到突出。

被动语态详解一、语态分类英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。

如：They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动)A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动)汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成。

二、被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化(1)主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be 的变化形式完全一样。

以give为例，列表如下：一般现在时：am / is / are + given一般过去时：was / were +given一般将来时：shall / will + given一般过去将来时：should / would + given现在进行时：am / is / are + being + given过去进行时：was / were + being + given现在完成时：have / has + been + given过去完成时：had + been + given将来完成时：shall / will + have been + given过去将来完成时：should / would + have been + given 注：被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。

(2)含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。

①You must hand in your compositions after class.Your compositions must be handed in after class.②He can write a great many letters with the computer.A great many letters can be written with the computer by him.(3)主动语态变被动语态的方法：①My aunt invited me to her dinner party.主语谓语宾语→I was invited (by my aunt ) to her dinner party.主语谓语宾语②The school set up a special class to help poor readers. →A special class to help poor readers was set up in the school.1.把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。

被动语态全解语态是动词的一种形式，表示句子中主语和谓语动词的关系 表示主语是动作的承受者。

只有及物动词才能用于被动语态。

一.被动语态的时态：am /is/ are + 动词的过去分词 was /were + 动词的过去分词 will be +动词的过去分词 am /is /are +being + 动词的过去分词 have /has +been + 动词的过去分词 6.情态动词的被动语态： 情态动词+ be +动词的过去分词主易语态木能变为被动语态倒情说:1, 当宾语是反身代词时 The man introduced himself as Mr.Parker .2, 当谓语是表示状态的及物动词时 Does the pair of new shoes suit you? We will have a meeting . 四. 特殊情况的被动语态： 1. 带双宾语的被动语态：动词+ sb （间宾）+sth （直宾）口诀：如遇双宾语，一般变间宾，若把直宾变， to /for 间宾连。

1） .give/pass /show 与介词 to 搭配。

give sb sth ---------sb +be given sth 或 sth +be given +to sb . 2） .buy/make/cook 与介词 for 搭配。

buy sb sth ---------sb +be bought + sth 或 sth +be bought +for sb He gave me a book I a book by him. A book me by him .My mother made me a cake . I a cake by my mother A cake me by my mother .2. 带省to 的不定式作宾补的被语态：动词 + sb + do sth .口诀：感使动词真叫怪， to 来to 去记心怀，主动语态 to 离去被动语态to 回来。

初中被动语态全解主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。

一．被动语态的时态：be +动词的过去分词1.一般现在时的被动语态：am /is/ are +动词的过去分词2.一般过去时的被动语态：was /were +动词的过去分词3.情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+ be +动词的过去分词语态表示主语和谓语的关系。

语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。

如果主语是动作的执行者，或者是说动作是由主语完成的，要用主动语态，如：We speak Chinese in China.在中国我们说汉语;如果主语是动作的承受者，或者是说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的，则用被动语态,如：Chinese is spoken by us in China.在中国汉语被我们说。

A.一般现在时的被动语态结构： is /am/are +及物动词的过去分词+其它+by sb.1．Football （play） all over the world。

2．Many trees （plant） in North China.3．Rice （grow） in South China.4．A camera （use） for taking photos5．I often （ask）to do this work.B.一般过去时的被动语态结构：was /were+及物动词的过去分词＋其它+by sb.1.The house （build） in 1978.2．All the students ____________ (ask) to bring a kite with them last Sunday3．The car (clean) by Dad yesterday.4．I （tell）to wait for him right here.5. When the present （give）to him by his mother？C.含有情态动词的被动语态结构：情态动词can / may / must / should + be + 及物动词的过去分词+其它+by sb.1. Chocolate may (send) to him as a present.Computers should （look）after well.3. Can this kind of machine （mend）by Uncle Wang?4. No stars can （see） in the day-time by us.5. Must the old people ____________ (speak) to politely?一选择题()1.The letter is _______ in French.I can't read it.A. writingB. written B. wrote D. writes()2.Today,too many trees are still _____ in the world.A.cutting downB.cut downC.being cut downD.cutted down()3.English _____ in many countries,A.is spoken,B.speaks,C.is spean,D.speak,()4.This kind of apple ______ in Jinzhou.A.is grownB.growC.grewD.are grown()5. Don't worry.All the children ________ by the nurse.A. are well taken care ofB. take good care ofC.are taken good careD. take good care ()6. These young trees must ______ after well.A.lookB.looks afterC.be lookedD.looked()10.Keys are used for _____ doors.A.lockB.lockedC.lockingD.locks()11.The greenhouse(温室) should be _____ glass.A.made ofB.made fromC.made intoD.made in()12.Sorry, all the vegetables ______. Please come tomorrow.A.sells wellB.have sold outC.have been sold outD.are selling()13.The man is badly hurt. He _____ to the hospital.A.has sentB.has been sentC.sentD.has sent for()14.A big cinema ______ in our town next year.A.will buildB.is builtC.will be builtD.has built()15.This book _____ by a famous writer many years ago.A. writesB. is writtenC. was writenD. was written()16.In China the money ______ to children for good luck by their parents or other senior in Spring FestivalA.givesB.is givenC.are givenD.give。

被动语态(the Passive V oice)用法小结一．语态语态是表示主语和谓语的关系的。

如果主语是动作的执行者,动词要用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者,动词就要用被动语态。

二．被动语态的基本结构 be + 过去分词(人称.数。

时态的变化都体现在助动词be的变化上）e。

g. People use English freely. （主动句）English is used （by people) freely. （被动句）三．几种时态的被动语态１．一般现在时结构：主语＋am / is / are +donee.g. 主动句：She cleans her room every day。

被动句:Her room is cleaned (by her） every day. (肯定句）否定句：Her room isn’t cleaned （by her） every day.一般疑问句：Is her room cleaned (by her) every day？注意：被动句的be助动词的变化应按被动句中新主语的人称和数而变化,其时态应与主动句的时态一致．2。

一般过去时结构：主语＋was / were +donee.g。

主动句：The workers made the VCD last week。

被动句:The VCD was made by the workers last week。

(肯定句）否定句： The VCD wasn't made by the workers last week.一般疑问句：Was the VCD made by the workers last week？3. 一般将来时结构：主语＋will be +donee。

g。

主动句：My father will send me to America soon。

被动句: 肯定句：I will be sent to America by my father soon。

被动语态一、考点、热点回顾【词汇辨析】1.across, through 穿过across指从一定范围的一边到另一边。

动作是在物体的表面进行。

常用于横穿街道、河流，穿过桥梁等。

eg: They walk across the bridge. 他们步行走过了这座桥。

through 侧重从物体的内部空间穿过，动作是在物体内部进行。

常用于门、窗户、森林等。

eg: He walks through the park. 他步行穿过公园。

2.ill，sick“生病的”。

ill只在系动词后作表语eg: Her mother was ill in bed.sick 既可作表语eg: Her mother was sick in bed.也可作定语eg: Jane is taking care of her sick mother.若ill作定语，译为“坏的，恶劣的”eg: an ill person一个坏人sick作表语时也常译为“恶心的，想吐的“eg: The boy always feels sick when he travels by car.【固定搭配】动词+ 名词/ 代词/ 副词+ 介词make room for给.....腾出地方eg: We can make room for her at this table.play a joke on戏弄人；对人恶作剧eg: We can’t play a joke on law.speak highly of称赞eg: The customs speak highly of their quality of service.say good bye to告别；告辞eg:I don't want to say good bye to them.take an active part in积极参加eg: They take an active part in school activities.take care of照顾；照料；注意eg: Could you take care of my plants while I'm on vacation?【被动语态】（一）语态：英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。

初中英语被动语态解说英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是动作的履行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的蒙受者。

一、被动语态的组成英语动词的被动语态由助动词be+及物动词的过去分词组成。

助动词be一定与主语的人称和数目保持一致，态的变化。

比如：The man was fooled by the two boys.The book has been translated into several languages.二、被动语态的用法（ 1）动作的履行者不知道是谁或难以说明经常用被动语态。

比如：并有时Street lights are often turned on at six in winter.The new test book will be used next term.（ 2）当动作的蒙受者比起动作的履行者来说更能惹起人们的关怀而需要加以重申时，要用被动语态。

比如：This kind of bicycle is not sold in our shop.The thief was caught by a policeman yesterday.（ 3）含有双宾语的句子，主动句中的间接宾语或许直接宾语都可变为被动语态中的一个主语，另一个保存不变。

变为主语的假如主动句中的直接宾语在变为间接宾语前则需加介词to 或 for。

比如： The pianist gave the pupils( 间接宾语 )some advice(直接宾语 )→The pupils were given some advice by the pianist. → Some advice was given to the pupils by the pianist.(4)在主动语态句中动词make、have、let、see、watch 、hear、feel 等后接动词不定式作宾语补足语，动词不定式不加to。