甘肃省会宁县第一中学2017-2018学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题 Word版含解析

甘肃省会宁县第一中学2017-2018学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题第I卷第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15个小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C、D中，选出最佳选项。

ABookable Study RoomsThe Library provides a variety of bookable group study rooms，some with presentation areas，for groups of between 6and 12students to use for team work．Group study roomsThere are 10Group Study Rooms on Level 30f Northampton Square Library．Rooms 3A，3F，3G，3H，3J and 3K are equipped with presentation area to help prepare group presentations．Rooms 3B，3C，3D and 3E are intended for group discussion and seminar work．These rooms are equipped with whiteboards．Whiteboard pens can be borrowed from the service desk on Level 2．Please do not use any other writing tools on the whiteboards．Maximum booking period of 2hours at one time．Presentation areas provide：LED screen to practice presentation with group colleaguesNetwork access on PC with wide range of softwareUSB port to plug in your own device or laptopAssistive （为残疾人设计的）Technology RoomsAssistive technology rooms are available for students by using ID cards to get access permission and can be booked for a maximum of 4hours per person per day．Rooms are equipped with the following software：Dragon，JAWS，Zoom Text，Kurzweil，Supernova，Text Help andInspiration．A scanner is provided for use with the assistive software packages．For further information click Guide to Library Services for Additional Needs．1. If you and your five team members need to book a room to present a project，which room should you go to？A．Room 3B．B．Room 3C．C．Room 3G．D．Room 3E．2. What do we know about Group Study Rooms？A．They are on level 2．B．They provide USB disksC．They have no Internet accessD．Some of the study rooms are equipped with whiteboards．3．We may read this article on a．A．website B．magazine C．booklet D．story book．BDo you know Australia? Australia is the largest island in the world. It is a little smaller than China. It is in the south of the earth. Australia is big, but its population is not large. The population of Australia is nearly as large as that of Shanghai.The government has made enough laws to fight pollution. The cities in Australia have got little air or water pollution. The sky is blue and the water is clean. You can clearly see fish swimming in the rivers. Plants grow very well.Last month we visited Perth, the biggest city in Western Australia, and went to a wild flowers' exhibition. There we saw a large number of wild flowers we had never seen before. We had a wonderful time. Perth is famous for its beautiful wild flowers. In spring every year Perth has the wild flowers' exhibition. After visiting Perth, we spent the day in the countryside. We sat down and had a rest near a path at the foot of a hill. It was quiet and we enjoyed ourselves. Suddenly we heard bells ringing at the top of the hill. What we saw made us pick up all our things and run back to the car as quickly as we could. There were about three hundred sheep coming towards us down the path.Australia is famous for its sheep and kangaroos(袋鼠). After a short drive from any town, you will find yourself in the middle of white sheep. Sheep, sheep, everywhere are sheep.4. Australia is ________.A．the largest country in the world．B．as large as Shanghai．C．the largest island in the north of the earth．D．not as large as China.5. The government had made ________.A．so many laws that it can fight pollution．B．few laws to fight pollution．C．enough laws that it can hardly fight pollution．D．enough laws because the pollution is very serious．6. Which of the following is NOT true?A．Perth is famous for its beautiful wild flowers．B．Perth is bigger than any other city in Western Australia．C．Perth lies in the west of Australia．D．No other city is larger than Perth in Australia．7. In Perth you may visit a wild flowers' show in ________.A．July B．January C．May D．OctoberCWhen I was a ten-year-old girl, my mother determined to lead us to the world of art. My brother and I were not very excited when we realized what our mother meant. What she meant was not that we could take drawing classes or painting classes but that we would have to spend our afternoon a week with her at the Fine Arts Museum. Before each visit to the museum, she made us read about artists and painting styles. It was almost as dreadful as being in school. Who wants to spend the summer thinking about artists when you could be with our friends at the swimming pool?First we had to read about ancient Egyptians and their strange way of painting faces and then go to look at them at the museum. My 12-year-old brother thought this was funny, but I was not interested. Later we had to learn about artists in the Middle Age who painted people wearing strange long clothing. We had to look at pictures of fat babies with wings and curly hair and with no clothes on flying around the edges of paintings. I certainly couldn’t see what was so great about art.On our last visit to the museum, things changed when I saw a painting by a woman called Mary. In it, a woman was reading to a child. The colors were soft and gentle, and you could tell bythe woman’s expression how happy she was just to be with the child. I couldn’t stop looking at the painting! I wanted to see every painting Mary had ever made! It was really worth looking at so many paintings to find a painter who could interest me so much.8. The purpose of the mother’s plan for her children was to ________.A. take them to visit the museumB. ask them to read about artistsC. show them different painting stylesD. introduce them to the world of art9. The underlined word “dreadful” is closest in meaning to ______.A. colourfulB. terribleC. reasonableD. relaxing10. On the last visit to the museum, the writer _______.A. met a woman called MaryB. hardly enjoyed herself thereC. showed great interest in the paintingsD. learnt how to draw good pictures11. What does the underlined word “it” refer to?A. The visit.B. The painting.C. The museum.D. The change.DWhen I first started university，I remembered hearing about bone marrow（骨髓）donation during Freshman's Week．Some students volunteers from a group called Marrow tried to convince me to attend an event so I could learn more about it．The word"bone"immediately made me think that donating would be a painful procedure，so I refused．Back then，there was no way I could have known three years later，I would be one of the many people that desperately needs a bone marrow donor to save their lives．I am currently waiting to be matched with a donor and if I am lucky enough to find a good match，it will be this lovely stranger that saves my life．I received my cancer diagnosis in June．It is only at that time that I realized how ignorant I had been about the bone marrow donation process．The process of donating stem cells is actually very simple．In 90% of cases，donors are asked to donate their blood stem cells，the other 10% will give their bone marrow．Lots of donorssay that both these things are virtually pain free，and nothing to be scared about．Being a bone marrow donor should be something to be proud of，as every donor has an opportunity to save someone's life!At the moment I know that the doctors are busy searching for a match，I simply live every day in the hope that there will be a donor right for me．If I have an opportunity for life，I won't waste it．When I was a first year at university，I made the mistake of walking away from becoming a stem cell donor．Please don't make the same mistake that I did．There are so many people out there，including myself，that need your help；and by undergoing a simple，pain﹣free procedure，you could have the chance to proudly say that you saved someone's life．12．Why did the author refuse to learn more about bone marrow donation before？A．Because she could get nothing from it．B．Because she was in poor health．C．Because she had known nothing about it．D．Because she thought that donating would be painful．13．What can we learn from the underlined sentence in paragraph 1？A．The author was concerned about others．B．The author was confident about the bone marrow donation．C．The author needs the bone marrow donation now．D．The author donates her bone marrow to save others．14．The author needs the bone marrow because she got.A．headache B．cancer C．flu D．high blood pressure15．The author told us her story to.A．show us the experience of her college life．B．explain the cause of her cancer．C．recall her painful past．D．encourage people to be a bone marrow donor．第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

甘肃省会宁县第一中学2017-2018学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题第一部分阅读理解（百强校英语解析团队专供）（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

AThis Holiday’s Resolution: Visit More GalleriesSounds easy enough, right? It should be, as the bay area is loaded with galleries. Here are a few suggestions to help expand your cultural brain.Craftsman House shows fine American craft from more than 300 local and national artists in a restored 1920s bungalow in St. Pete’s Grand Central District. In addition to the showroom, the carriage house out back is a fully operational pottery studio. They also have a fresh cafe in the house that offers coffee, tea, lunch and baked goods. Normal hours are from 10 am to 7 pm from Monday to Saturday and from 11 am to 5 pm on Sunday. .Ocean Blue Gallery on downtown St .Pete’s Beach Drive is brand new and only open for a month. They feature paintings, glass, wood sculptures and metal art, and as the name implies, they’re heavy on beach and sea life themes. They’re loc ated at 284 Beach Drive NE and open from 10:30 am to 5 pm from Sunday to Thursday and from 10:30 am to 4 pm from Friday to Saturday. .Tempus Project in Tampa’s Seminole Heights is a gallery that represents established and developing local, national and international artists through inspiring exhibitions. The exhibition on display is Boys on Film, an exhibit of new sculptures and drawings by Noelle Mason that researches the fiction and fantasy. The gallery is only open by appointment, but they will be open from 7 am to 9 pm on July 6th for Seminole Heights First Friday, which is also the last day for the exhibition. .1. What can people enjoy in Craftsman House?A. Visiting some beautiful bungalows.B. A fresh breakfast.C. Talking with national artists.D. Some food.2. What is special about Ocean Blue Gallery?A. It has a long history.B. Its themes are about beach and sea life.C. The opening time is the longest.D. Its works come from many foreign countries.3. What should people do to visit Tempus Project?A. Make appointments before July 6th.B. Collect some information online.C. Know something about the fiction.D. Research famous drawings.【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A【解析】本文是一则广告。

会宁一中2018-2019学年度第二学期中期考试高二级英语试题考试说明：满分120分，考试时间100分钟第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

AHiking is a great way to get active and reduce stress while you are exploring the city. Visit our page to find some of the best free walking tours across New York City.Greenbelt on the GoTuesday, August 14, 2018 10:00a.m.---11:30a.m.Join us for relaxing walks through our parks. Enjoy the pretty views of them, as we point out a few of the distinct features that make each park special. The length of each hike will be determined by the pace of the group. Considering the environment, your foods are not allowed. Registration is required. To register, please email naturecenter@ before August 14.Position: Greenbelt Nature Center in Blood Root Valley, 700 Rockland Avenue at Brielle Avenue Staten IslandEvent Organizer: Staten Island Greenbelt Conservancy, Greenbelt Environmental Education DepartmentPhone Number: (718)351-3450Contact Email: naturecenter@Adult Afternoon HikesWednesday, October 10,2018 1:30p.m.---3:00p.m.Get familiar with the Greenbelt and local parks by hiking with other adults! You’re encouraged to bring small meals and drinks for the break time.Position: Greenbelt Nature Center in Blood Root Valley, 700 Rockland Avenue at Brielle Avenue Staten IslandEvent Organizer: Staten Island Greenbelt Conservancy, Greenbelt Environmental Education DepartmentPhone Number: (718)351-3450Contact Email: naturecenter@The South Pole at Wards PointThursday ,November 15,2018 7:00a.m.---7:00p.m.The three miles of nearby natural shoreline are a sandy beach. Shells, rocks, and stones of every shape and size can be found here. Not to be missed are the park’s other a ttractions: four galleries, and five historic houses!Position: Conference House Park Visitor Center in Conference House Park, 298 Satterlee Street ,Staten IslandEvent Organizer: Conference House ParkContact Email: john.kilcullen@parks .nyc.qovCommunity Days at Conference House ParkWednesda, September 19, 2018 12:00p.m.---2:00p.m.Enjoy new gardens at the Visitor Center. Explore and help repair the three self-designed gardens: vegetable, native plant, and sculpture. Experience kids crafts, adult art programs, Tai Chi, Kung Fu, Peking Opera and more in this lovely setting.Position: Conference House Park, 298 Satterlee Street, Staten IslandEvent Organizer: Conference House ParkPhone Number: (718)227-1463Contact Email: john.kilcullen@parks .nyc.qov1. Which walking tour may attract people interested in Chinese culture?A. Greenbelt on the Go.B. Adult Afternoon Hikes.C. The South Pole at Wards Point .D. Community Days at Conference House Park.2. What do we know about Greenbelt on the Go?A. The length of the hike is settled.B. Visitors need to register in advance.C. People will visit three distinct parks.D. It takes place in Conference House Park.3. What do the four walking tours have in common?A. They all charged no fees.B. They are all open to adults.C. They’re held by the same organizer.D. They require visitors to bring food.BJudy Wright and her husband decided to move closer to their son, Chris, who lived in Georgia. About a month after the move, Judy fell ill, suffering from her ongoing (不间断的) battle against Parkinson disease.Her condition worsened rapidly and she required medical care at home. The family hired a nursing aid who canceled at the last minute. Instead, a woman named TunDe Hector showed up in her place.One day, TunDe shared a story with Judy and her family. She remembered a particularly difficult day in 2014, when a stranger had helped her with a kind gesture. She had run out of gas, and with only $5 in her pocket, was walking to a gas station. A man saw her walking and turned his car around. He paid for her gas and gave her all the cash left in his wallet. Upon hearing the story, Judy’s son, Chris, took off his hat and said ,“That was me!” He was the stranger that had helped TunDe on that difficult day.During the care of Judy, the Wright family learned about TunDe’s family and her own dream. The nursing aid, TunDe hoped that one day she could become an OB-GYN nurse. Her tuition was past due (逾期) and she had a family to care for, but she was determined to achieve that goal for herself and her family.Judy died on July 9,2017. Instead of flowers, her family asked mourners (悼念者) to donate to TunDe’s education, to assist her in paying for her nursing school. In less than a week, they raised more than $8,000 and presented her with the surprise check.4. Why did Judy’s family choose TunDe in the end?A. To help her with a kind gesture.B. To look after Judy in the hospital.C. To replace another nursing aid.D. To give Judy the best medical care.5. How might Chris feel when hearing TunDe’s story?A. ThrilledB.ShockedC. PuzzledD. Delighted6. How did the Wright family help TunDe after Judy’s death?A. They paid for her education.B. They helped care for her family.C. They bought her a surprise present.D. They helped her realize her dream.7. What does the whole story mainly tell us ?A. Kindness comes full circle.B. Constant dropping wears stone.C. The truth never fears investigation.D. Actions speak louder than words.CA study showed that the experiences children have in their first few years are important . These experiences affect the development of the brain. When children receive more attention, they often have higher IQs. Babies receive information when they see, hear and feel things, which makes connections between different parts of the brain. There are a hundred trillion (万亿) connections in the brain of a three-year-old child.Researcher Judit Gervain tested how good newborns are at distinguishing different sound patterns. Her researchers produced images of the brains of babies as they heard different sound patterns. For example, one order was mu-ba-ba. This is the pattern “A-B-B". Another order was mu-ba-ge. Thisis the patt ern “A-B-C”. The images showed that the part of the brain responsible for speech was more active during the “A-B-B” pattern. This shows that babies can tell the difference between different patterns. They also were sensitive to where it occurred in the order.Gervain is excited by these findings because the order of sounds is the building block of words and grammar. “Position is key to language," she says. “If something is at the beginning or at the end, it makes a big difference: ‘John caught the bear.’ is very different from ‘The bear caught John.’”Researchers led by scientist Patricia Kuhl have found that language delivered by televisions, audio books,the Internet, or smartphones－no matter how educational－doesn’t appear to be enough for children’s brain development. They carried out a study of nine-month-old American babies. They expected the first group who’d watched videos in Chinese to show the same kind of learning as the second group who were brought face-to-face with the same sounds. Instead they found a huge difference. The babies in the second group were able to distinguish between similar Chinese sounds as well as native listeners. But the other babies －regardless of whether they had watched the video or listened to the audio－learned nothing.8.What makes connections in a baby’s brain?A. Having a higher IQ.B. The connection with other babies.C. The baby’s early age.D. Experiencing new information.9. What did Judit Gervain and her team find in the experiment?A. Word order is relevant to meaning.B. Babies identify different sound patterns.C. A certain brain region processes language.D. Babies can well understand different words.10. What does the underlined sentence mean in Paragraph 3?A. Words have different sounds.B. Grammar is important in learning languagesC. Different orders have different meanings.D. Different languages have different grammar.11. What is the main conclusion from the study led by Patricia Kuhl?A. Babies shouldn’t watch a lot of television.B. Social communication improves babies’ brain develo pment.C. Listening to different languages helps to develop babies’ brainD. Foreign languages are beneficial to babies’ brain develop mentDOn average, Americans spend about 10 hours a day in front of a computer or other electronic devices and less than 30 minutes a day outdoors. That is a claim made by David Strayer, a professor of psychology at the University of Utah. In his 2017 TED Talk , Strayer explained that all thistime spent with technology is making our brains tired.Using an electronic device to answer emails, listen to the news and look at Facebook puts a lot of pressure on the front of the brain, which, Strayer explains, is important for critical thinking, problem-solving and decision-making.So it is important to give the brain a rest. And being in nature, Strayer claims , helps get a tired brain away from too much technology. More than 15,000 campers from around the world attended an international camping festival in September. That is when friends and family take time off and escape to nature for several days. They take walks, climb, explore, swim, sleep, eat and play. Camping may be just what a tired brain needs.Take Carl for example. He lives in West Virginia and enjoys camping. He says that staying outdoors makes him feel at ease. It also prepares him for the work he must do. Kate Somers is another example who also lives in West Virginia. She says she enjoys camping with her husband and two children. She calls it a “regenerative” experience.At the University of Utah, David Strayer has studied both short-term and long-term exposure to nature. He found that spending short amounts of time in nature without technology does calm the brain and helps it to remember better. However, he found it is the long-term contact with nature that does the most good. He and his research team found spending three days in nature without any technology is enough time for the brain to fully relax and reset itself.12. What is David Strayer’s opinion?A. Americans dislike outdoor activities.B. Electronic equipment should be quitted.C. New technologies are a double-edged sword.D. Electronic equipment brings great convenience.13. Why does Strayer insist we go outdoors?A. To refresh our brainB. To try another lifestyleC. To make better decisions.D. To play with our family and friends14. What does the underlined word “regenerative” mean?A. ExhaustingB. RidiculousC. Relevant.D. Reborn15. Which is the proper title for the passage?A. How to Use New Technologies.B. Good Rest Develops Good Memory.C. Being in Nature Is Good for the Brain.D. Electronic Equipment Harms the Brain.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

2017--2018学年第二学期期末考试高二英语第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节 (共15题：每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AWanted, Someone for a KissWe’re looking for producers to join us in the so und of London 100 FM. You’ll work on the station’s music progra mmes. Music production experience in radio is necessary, along with rich knowledge of modern dance music. Please apply in writing to Producer Vacancies, Kiss 100.Father ChristmasWe’re looking for a very special person, preferably over 40, to fill our Father Christmas suit.Working days: Every Saturday from November 24 to December 15 and every day from December 17 to December 24 except Sunday, 10:30—16:00Excellent pay.Please contact (联系) the Enterprise Shopping Centre, Station Parade, Eastbourne. Accountants AssistantWhen you join the them in our Revenue Administration Unit, you will be providing assistance within all parts of the Revenue Division, dealing with post and other general duties. If you are educated to GCSE grade C level we would like to talk to you. This position is equally suitable for a school leaver or for somebody who has office experience.Wealden District CouncilSoftware TrainerIf you are aged 24-45 and have experience in teaching and training, you could be the person we are looking for. You should be good at the computer and have some experience in programme writing. You will be allowed to make your own decisions, and to design courses as well as present them. Pay upwards of ￡15,000 for the right person. Please apply by sending your CV (简历) to Mrs R. Oglivie, Palmlace Limited.1. Who should you get in touch with if you hope to work in a radio station?A. Producer Vacancies, Kiss 100.B. Mrs Oglivie, PalmlaceLimited.C. The Enterprise Shopping Centre.D. Wealden District Council.2. We learn from the ads that the Enterprise Shopping Centre needs a person who ______.A. is aged between 24 and 40B. may do some training workC. should deal with general dutiesD. can work for about a month3. which position is open to recent school graduates?A. Producer, London Kiss.B. Father Christmas.C. Accountants AssistantD. Software TrainerBIt’s not easy being a teenager (13至19岁青少年) – nor is it easy being the parent of a teenager. You can make your child feel angry, hurt, or misunderstood by what you say without realizing it yourself. It is important to give your child the space he needs to grow while gently letting him know that you’ll still be there for him when he needs you.Expect a lot from your child, just not everything. Except for health and safety problems, such as drug use or careless driving, consider everything else open to discussion. If your child is unwilling to discuss something, don’t insist he tell you what’s on his mind. The more you insist, the more likely that he’ll clam up. Instead, let him attempt to solve (解决) things by himself. At the same time, remind him that you’re always there for his should he seek advice or help. Show respect for your teenager’s privacy (隐私). Never read his mail or listen in on personal conversations.Teach your teenager that the family phone is for the whole family. If your child talks on the family’s telephone for too long, tell him he can talk for 15 minutes, but then he must stay off the phone for at least an equal period of time. This not only frees up the line so that other family members can make and receive calls, but teaches your teenager moderation (节制). Or if you are open to the idea, allow your teenager his own phone that he pays for with his own pocket money or a part-time job.4. The main purpose of the text is to tell parents ______.A. how to get along with a teenagerB. how to respect a teenagerC. how to understand a teenagerD. how to help a teenager grow up5. What does the phrase “clam up” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A. become excitedB. show respectC. refuse to talkD. seek help6. The last paragraph is about how to teach a teenager ______.A. to use the phone in a sensible wayB. to pay for his own telephoneC. to share the phone with friendsD. to answer the phone quickly7. What should parents do in raising a teenager according to the text?A. Not allow him to learn driving or take drugs.B. Give him advice only when necessary.C. Let him have his own telephone.D. Not talk about personal things with him.CLast week my youngest son and I visited my father at his new home in Tucson, Arizona. He moved there a few years ago, and I was eager to see his new place and meet his friends.My earliest memories of my father are a tall, handsome, successful man devoted to his work and his family, but uncomfortable with his children. As a child I loved him. He seemed unhappy with me unless I got straight A’s and unhappy with my boyfriends if their fathers were not as “successful” as he was. Whenever I went out with him on weekends, I used to struggle to think up things to say, feeling on guard.On the first day of my visit, we went out with one of my father’s friends for lunch at an outdoor café. We talked along that afternoon, did some shopping, ate on the street table, and laughed over my son’s funny facial expressions. Gone was my father’s critical (挑剔的) air and strict rules. Who was this person I knew as my father, who seemed so friendly and interesting to be around? What had held him back before?The next day dad pulled out his childhood pictures and told me quite a few stories about his own childhood. Although our times together became easier over the years, I never felt closer to him at that moment. After so many years, I’m at l ast seeing another side of my father. And in so doing, I’m delighted with my new friend. My dad, in his new home in Arizona, is back to me from where he was.8. Why did the author feel bitter about her father as a young adult?A. He was silent most of the time.B. He was too proud of himself.C. He did not love his children.D. He expected too much of her.9. When the author went out with her father on weekend, she would feel .A. nervousB. sorryC. tiredD. safe10. What does the author think of her father after her visit to Tucson?A. More critical.B. More talkativeC. Gentle and friendly.D. Strict and hard-working.11. The underlined words “my new friend” in the last paragraph refer to .A. the author’s sonB.the author’s fatherC. the friend of the author’s fatherD. the café ownerDOur “Mommy and Me” time began two years ago. My next-door neighbor and fellow mother, Christie, and I were out in our front yards, watching seven children of age 6 and un der ride their bikes up and down. “I wish I could take one of my children out alone,” said Christie.Then we worked out a plan: When Christie takes one of her children out, I’ll watch her other three. And when she watches two of mine, I’ll take someone out.The children were extremely quick to accept the idea of “Mommy and Me” time. Christie’s daughter, McKenzie, went first. When she returned, the other children showered her with tons of questions. McKenzie was smiling broadly. Christie looked refreshed an d happy. “She’s like a different child when there’s no one else around,” Christie shared with me quickly. With her mother all to herself, McKenzie didn’t have to make an effort to gain attention.Just as Christie had noticed changes in McKenzie, I also discovered something different in each of my children during our alone times. For example, I am always surprised when my daughter, who is seldom close to me, holds my hand frequently. My stuttering（口吃的）son, Tom, doesn’t stutter once during our activities sin ce he doesn’t have to struggle for a chance to speak. And the other son, Sam, who’s always a follower when around other children shines as a leader during our times together.The “Mommy and Me” time allows us to be simply alone and away with each child ---talking, sharing, and laughing, which has been the biggest gain. Every child deserves（应得到）to be an only child at least once in a while.12. What is the text mainly about?A. The experience of the only child being with mother.B. The advantage of spending time with one child at a time.C. The happy life of two families.D. The basic needs of children.13. Right after McKenzie came back, the other children were _____________.A. happyB. curiousC. regretfulD. friendly14. What is one of the changes the author finds in her children?A. The daughter acts like a leader.B. Sam holds her hand more often.C. The boys become better followers.D. Tom has less difficulty in speaking.15. The author seems to believe that ___________.A. having brothers and sisters is funB. it’s tiring to look after three childrenC. every child needs parents’ full attentionD. parents should watch others’ children第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

甘肃省会宁县一中2017-2018学年高二英语12月月考试题第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分)第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

AEVENTSAug. 31-Sept. 4, Laughter BusCape Town，South AfricaLovely sightseeing tour with laughter， fun and festivities。

The tour departs (启程） from Cape Town towards the Garden Route， stopping at beautiful and interesting places, enjoying lunch at the seaside and sharing laughter with local communities。

Costs: $800.+27 7222—97454， info＠laughterbus.co。

zaSept。

17—18, Laughter Yoga 2-day Certified Leader TrainingIrvine, California, USA10 am−5 pm daily at Irvine Valley College。

Learn to laugh for health without the need of jokes。

Start a laughter club, share laughter with elders and kids， and earn income sharing happiness. Includes practice with Jeffrey Briar。

Costs：＄295.（949) 376-1939, JBriar@Sept。

30, Laughter is Serious Business WorkshopSt. Albans，Hertfordshire, UKA workshop for those who have completed Laughter Leader / Skills courses and want to get ideas and real advice on how to promote (提升) themselves。

2017-2018学年度第二学期期末考试高一级英语试题本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题)和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题)两部分,共计100分钟，满分120分。

考生作答时，将答案答在答题卡上,在本试卷上答题无效。

考试结束后，保留试卷,只交答题卡。

第I卷第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分)第一节（共15个小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C、D中,选出最佳选项.ABookable Study RoomsThe Library provides a variety of bookable group study rooms，some with presentation areas，for groups of between 6and 12students to use for team work．Group study roomsThere are 10Group Study Rooms on Level 30f Northampton Square Library．Rooms 3A，3F，3G，3H，3J and 3K are equipped with presentation area to help prepare group presentations．Rooms 3B，3C，3D and 3E are intended for group discussion and seminar work．These rooms are equipped with whiteboards．Whiteboard pens can be borrowedfrom the service desk on Level 2．Please do not use any other writing tools on the whiteboards．Maximum booking period of 2hours at one time．Presentation areas provide:LED screen to practice presentation with group colleaguesNetwork access on PC with wide range of softwareUSB port to plug in your own device or laptopAssistive （为残疾人设计的） Technology RoomsAssistive technology rooms are available for students by using ID cards to get access permission and can be booked for a maximum of 4hours per person per day．Rooms are equipped with the following software：Dragon,JAWS,Zoom Text，Kurzweil，Supernova,Text Help and Inspiration．A scanner is provided for use with the assistive software packages．For further information click Guide to Library Services for Additional Needs．1。

2017-2018学年第二学期会宁一中高二质检英语（温馨提示：答题时间90分钟满分120分）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

(A)Are you looking for some new and exciting places to take your kids (孩子) to? Try some of these places:●Visit art museums. They offer a variety of activities to excite your kids' interest.Many offer workshops for making land-made pieces, traveling exhibits, book signings by children favorite writer, and even musical performances and other arts.●Head to a natural history museum. This is where kids can discover the pastfrom dinosaur(恐龙) models to rock collections and pictures of stars in the sky.Also, ask what kind of workshops and educational programs are prepared for kids and any special events that are coming up.●Go to a Youtheater. Look for one in your area offering plays for child andfamily visitors. Pre-show play shops are conducted by area artists and educators where kids can discover the secret about performing arts. Puppet(木偶)making and stage make-up are just a couple of the special offerings you might find.●Try hands-on science. Visit one of the many hands-on science museums aroundthe country. These science play-lands are great fun for kids and grown-ups alike. They'll keep your child mentally and physically active the whole day through while pushing buttons, experimenting, and building. When everyone is tired, enjoy a fun family science show, commonly found in these museums. 21. If a child is interested in the universe, he probably will visit .A. a YoutheaterB. an art museumC. a natural history museumD. a hands-on science museum22. What can kids do at a Youtheater?A. Look at rock collections.B. See dinosaur models.C. Watch puppet making.D. Give performances.23. What does "hands-on science" mean in the last paragraph?A. Science games designed by kids.B. Learning science by doing things.C. A show of kids' science work.D. Reading science books.24. Where does this text probably come from?A. A science textbook.B. A tourist map.C. A museum guide.D. A news report.(B )On a hill 600 feet above the surrounding land, we watch the lines of rain move across the scene, the moon rise over the hills, and the stars appear in the sky. The views invite a long look from a comfortable chair in front of the wooden house.Every window in our wooden house has a view, and the forest and lakes seldom look the same as the hour before. Each look reminds us where we are.There is space for our three boys to play outside, to shoot arrows, collect tree seeds, build earth houses and climb trees.Our kids have learned the names of the trees, and with the names have come familiarity and appreciation. As they tell all who show even a passing interest, maple（枫树）makes the best fighting sticks and white pines are the best climbing trees.The air is clean and fresh. The water from the well has a pleasant taste, and it is perhaps the healthiest water our kids will ever drink. Though they have one glass a day of juice and the rest is water, they never say anything against that.The seasons change just outside the door. We watch the maples turn every shade of yellow and red in the fall and note the poplars’（杨树）putting out the first green leaves of spring. The rainbow smelt fills the local steam as the ice graduallydisappears, and the wood frogs start to sing in pools after being frozen for the winter. A family of birds rules our skies and flies over the lake.25. What can be learned from Paragraph 2?A. The scenes are colorful and changeable.B. There are many windows in the wooden house.C. The views remind us that we are in a wooden house.D. The lakes outside the windows are quite different in color.26. By mentioning the names of the trees, the author aims to show that ______ .A. the kids like playing in treesB. the kids are very familiar with treesC. the kids have learned much knowledgeD. the kids find trees useful learning tools27. What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?A. The change of seasons is easily felt.B. The seasons make the scenes change.C. The weather often changes in the forest.D. The door is a good position to enjoy changing seasons.28. What is the main purpose of the author writing the text?A. To describe the beauty of the scene around the house.B. To introduce her children’s happy life in the forest.C. To show that living in the forest is healthful.D. To share the joy of living in the nature.(C)Astronauts on shorter shuttle missions（使命）often work very long days. Tasks are scheduled so tightly that break times are often used to finish the day’s work. This type of schedule is far too demanding for long missions on the International Space Station（ISS. ISS crew members usually live in space for at least a quarter of a year. They work five days on and two days off to mimic the normal way they do things on Earth as much as possible. Weekends give the crew valuable time to rest and do a few hours of housework. They can communicate with family and friends by email, Internet phone and through Private video conferences.While astronauts cannot go to a baseball game or a movie in orbit, there are many familiar activities that they can still enjoy. Before a mission, the family and friends of each ISS crew member put together a collection of family photos, messages, videos and reading material for the astronauts to look at when they will be floating 370 kilometers above the Earth. During their mission, the crew also receives care packages with CDs, books, magazines, photos and letters . And as from early 2010, the internet became available on the ISS, giving astronauts the chance to do some "web surfing (冲浪)" in their personal time. Besides relaxing with these more common entertainments, astronauts can simply enjoy the experience of living in space.Many astronauts say that one of the most relaxing things to do in space is to look out the window and stare at the universe and the Earth’s vast land mass a nd oce ans.29．What does the word “mimic” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A. Find.B. Copy.C. Change.D. Lose.30. Which of the following best describes the families of the astronauts on the ISS ?A. They are caring and thoughtB. They are patient and careful.C. They are impatient and annoyedD. They are excited and curious.31. In the final paragraph, the author shows that astronauts .A. get more pleasure in space than on the EarthB. find living in space a bit boring and tiringC. regard space life as commonD. love to see the Earth from space32 .The passage mainly discusses how astronauts .A. work for longer missions in spaceB. connect with people on the EarthC. observe the Earth from spaceD. spend their free time in space(D)Decision-making under StressA new review based on a research shows that acute stress affects the way thebrain considers the advantages and disadvantages, causing it to focus on pleasure and ignore the possible negative (负面的) consequences of a decision.The research suggests that stress may change the way people make choices in predictable ways.“Stress affects how people learn,” says Professor Mara Mather. “People learn better about positive tha n negative outcomes under stress.”For example, two recent studies looked at how people learned to connect images(影像) with either rewards or punishments. In one experiment, some of the participants were first stressed by having to give a speech and do difficult math problems in front of an audience; in the other, some were stressed by having to keep their hands in ice water. In both cases, the stressed participants remembered the rewarded material more accurately and the punished material less accurately than those who hadn't gone through the stress.This phenomenon is likely not surprising to anyone who has tried to resist eating cookies or smoking a cigarette while under stress－at those moments, only the pleasure associated with such activities comes to mind. But the findings further suggest that stress may bring about a double effect. Not only are rewarding experiences remembered better, but negative consequences are also easily recalled.The research also found that stress appears to affect decision-making differently in men and women. While both men and women tend to focus on rewards and less on consequences under stress, their responses to risk turn out to be different.Men who had been stressed by the cold-water task tended to take more risks in the experiment while women responded in the opposite way. In stressful situations in which risk-taking can pay off big, men may tend to do better, when caution weighs more, however, women will win.This tendency to slow down and become more cautious when decisions are risky might also help explain why women are less likely to become addicted than men: they may more often avoid making the risky choices that eventually hardeninto addiction.33. We can learn from the passage that people under pressure tend to ______.A. keep rewards better in their memoryB. recall consequences more effortlesslyC. make risky decisions more frequentlyD. learn a subject more effectively34. According to the research, stress affects people most probably in their ______.A. preference for pleasureB. ways of making choicesC. tolerance of punishmentsD. responses to suggestions35. The research has proved that in a stressful situation, ______.A. women find it easier to fall into certain habitsB. men have a greater tendency to slow downC. women focus more on outcomesD. men are more likely to take risks第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

会宁一中2017—2018学年第一学期期末高二试卷英语答案第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）1-3 BCC 4-7 ADAC 8-11 CBDA 12-15 CBAD第二节七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 16-20 GDBFE第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）21-25BACDB 26-30 AACDB 31-35CDCAB 36-40 DABCD第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）41. celebrated 42. is pronounced 43. us 44. what 45. to pray46. eating 47. In 48. Traditionally 49. it 50. which第三部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题l分，满分10分）第一句：firstly改为first 第二句：learning 改为learn ; 去掉with第三句：how改为what 第四句：talk改为talked第五句：pressures改为pressure ; made 改为make第六句：but 改为and ; to后加be 第七句：the 改为a第二节书面表达（满分25分）One possible version:Dear David,I’m writing to tell you my great plan for the coming winter holiday. I will jion a Chinese Kung Fu Winter Camp,which is to be opened in my city on January 5th, 2018. I wonder if you’d like to go with me.The participants of the camp mainly include teenagers kung fu beginners or lovers like you and me. As you know, kung fu is a traditional Chinese sport gaining more and more popularity. Moreover, the camp will serve as a good chance to strengthen our bodies, make friends and learn about Chinese culture.If you are interested in the camp, I’ll send you more information about it. I sincerely hope to meet you at the camp.Yours,Li Hua。

会宁一中2018-2019学年度第二学期中期考试高二级英语试题考试说明：满分120分，考试时间100分钟第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

AHiking is a great way to get active and reduce stress while you are exploring the city. Visit our page to find some of the best free walking tours across New York City.Greenbelt on the GoTuesday, August 14, 2018 10:00a.m.---11:30a.m.Join us for relaxing walks through our parks. Enjoy the pretty views of them, as we point out a few of the distinct features that make each park special. The length of each hike will be determined by the pace of the group. Considering the environment, your foods are not allowed. Registration is required. To register, please email naturecenter@ before August 14.Position: Greenbelt Nature Center in Blood Root Valley, 700 Rockland Avenue at Brielle Avenue Staten IslandEvent Organizer: Staten Island Greenbelt Conservancy, Greenbelt Environmental Education DepartmentPhone Number: (718)351-3450Contact Email: naturecenter@Adult Afternoon HikesWednesday, October 10,2018 1:30p.m.---3:00p.m.Get familiar with the Greenbelt and local parks by hiking with other adults! You’re encouraged to bring small meals and drinks for the break time.Position: Greenbelt Nature Center in Blood Root Valley, 700 Rockland Avenue at Brielle Avenue Staten IslandEvent Organizer: Staten Island Greenbelt Conservancy, Greenbelt Environmental Education DepartmentPhone Number: (718)351-3450Contact Email: naturecenter@The South Pole at Wards PointThursday ,November 15,2018 7:00a.m.---7:00p.m.The three miles of nearby natural shoreline are a sandy beach. Shells, rocks, and stones of every shape and size can be found here. Not to be missed are the park’s other a ttractions: four galleries, and five historic houses!Position: Conference House Park Visitor Center in Conference House Park, 298 Satterlee Street ,Staten IslandEvent Organizer: Conference House ParkContact Email: john.kilcullen@parks .nyc.qovCommunity Days at Conference House ParkWednesda, September 19, 2018 12:00p.m.---2:00p.m.Enjoy new gardens at the Visitor Center. Explore and help repair the three self-designed gardens: vegetable, native plant, and sculpture. Experience kids crafts, adult art programs, Tai Chi, Kung Fu, Peking Opera and more in this lovely setting.Position: Conference House Park, 298 Satterlee Street, Staten IslandEvent Organizer: Conference House ParkPhone Number: (718)227-1463Contact Email: john.kilcullen@parks .nyc.qov1. Which walking tour may attract people interested in Chinese culture?A. Greenbelt on the Go.B. Adult Afternoon Hikes.C. The South Pole at Wards Point .D. Community Days at Conference House Park.2. What do we know about Greenbelt on the Go?A. The length of the hike is settled.B. Visitors need to register in advance.C. People will visit three distinct parks.D. It takes place in Conference House Park.3. What do the four walking tours have in common?A. They all charged no fees.B. They are all open to adults.C. They’re held by the same organizer.D. They require visitors to bring food.BJudy Wright and her husband decided to move closer to their son, Chris, who lived in Georgia. About a month after the move, Judy fell ill, suffering from her ongoing (不间断的) battle against Parkinson disease.Her condition worsened rapidly and she required medical care at home. The family hired a nursing aid who canceled at the last minute. Instead, a woman named TunDe Hector showed up in her place.One day, TunDe shared a story with Judy and her family. She remembered a particularly difficult day in 2014, when a stranger had helped her with a kind gesture. She had run out of gas, and with only $5 in her pocket, was walking to a gas station. A man saw her walking and turned his car around. He paid for her gas and gave her all the cash left in his wallet. Upon hearing the story, Judy’s son, Chris, took off his hat and said ,“That was me!” He was the stranger that had helped TunDe on that difficult day.During the care of Judy, the Wright family learned about TunDe’s family and her own dream. The nursing aid, TunDe hoped that one day she could become an OB-GYN nurse. Her tuition was past due (逾期) and she had a family to care for, but she was determined to achieve that goal for herself and her family.Judy died on July 9,2017. Instead of flowers, her family asked mourners (悼念者) to donate to TunDe’s education, to assist her in paying for her nursing school. In less than a week, they raised more than $8,000 and presented her with the surprise check.4. Why did Judy’s family choose TunDe in the end?A. To help her with a kind gesture.B. To look after Judy in the hospital.C. To replace another nursing aid.D. To give Judy the best medical care.5. How might Chris feel when hearing TunDe’s story?A. ThrilledB.ShockedC. PuzzledD. Delighted6. How did the Wright family help TunDe after Judy’s death?A. They paid for her education.B. They helped care for her family.C. They bought her a surprise present.D. They helped her realize her dream.7. What does the whole story mainly tell us ?A. Kindness comes full circle.B. Constant dropping wears stone.C. The truth never fears investigation.D. Actions speak louder than words.CA study showed that the experiences children have in their first few years are important . These experiences affect the development of the brain. When children receive more attention, they often have higher IQs. Babies receive information when they see, hear and feel things, which makes connections between different parts of the brain. There are a hundred trillion (万亿) connections in the brain of a three-year-old child.Researcher Judit Gervain tested how good newborns are at distinguishing different sound patterns. Her researchers produced images of the brains of babies as they heard different sound patterns. For example, one order was mu-ba-ba. This is the pattern “A-B-B". Another order was mu-ba-ge. Thisis the patt ern “A-B-C”. The images showed that the part of the brain responsible for speech was more active during the “A-B-B” pattern. This shows that babies can tell the difference between different patterns. They also were sensitive to where it occurred in the order.Gervain is excited by these findings because the order of sounds is the building block of words and grammar. “Position is key to language," she says. “If something is at the beginning or at the end, it makes a big difference: ‘John caught the bear.’ is very different from ‘The bear caught John.’”Researchers led by scientist Patricia Kuhl have found that language delivered by televisions, audio books,the Internet, or smartphones－no matter how educational－doesn’t appear to be enough for children’s brai n development. They carried out a study of nine-month-old American babies. They expected the first group who’d watched videos in Chinese to show the same kind of learning as the second group who were brought face-to-face with the same sounds. Instead they found a huge difference. The babies in the second group were able to distinguish between similar Chinese sounds as well as native listeners. But the other babies －regardless of whether they had watched the video or listened to the audio－learned nothing.8.Wh at makes connections in a baby’s brain?A. Having a higher IQ.B. The connection with other babies.C. The baby’s early age.D. Experiencing new information.9. What did Judit Gervain and her team find in the experiment?A. Word order is relevant to meaning.B. Babies identify different sound patterns.C. A certain brain region processes language.D. Babies can well understand different words.10. What does the underlined sentence mean in Paragraph 3?A. Words have different sounds.B. Grammar is important in learning languagesC. Different orders have different meanings.D. Different languages have different grammar.11. What is the main conclusion from the study led by Patricia Kuhl?A. Babies shouldn’t watch a lot of television.B. So cial communication improves babies’ brain development.C. Listening to different languages helps to develop babies’ brainD. Foreign languages are beneficial to babies’ brain develop mentDOn average, Americans spend about 10 hours a day in front of a computer or other electronic devices and less than 30 minutes a day outdoors. That is a claim made by David Strayer, a professor of psychology at the University of Utah. In his 2017 TED Talk , Strayer explained that all thistime spent with technology is making our brains tired.Using an electronic device to answer emails, listen to the news and look at Facebook puts a lot of pressure on the front of the brain, which, Strayer explains, is important for critical thinking, problem-solving and decision-making.So it is important to give the brain a rest. And being in nature, Strayer claims , helps get a tired brain away from too much technology. More than 15,000 campers from around the world attended an international camping festival in September. That is when friends and family take time off and escape to nature for several days. They take walks, climb, explore, swim, sleep, eat and play. Camping may be just what a tired brain needs.Take Carl for example. He lives in West Virginia and enjoys camping. He says that staying outdoors makes him feel at ease. It also prepares him for the work he must do. Kate Somers is another example who also lives in West Virginia. She says she enjoys camping with her husband and two children. She calls it a “regenerative” experience.At the University of Utah, David Strayer has studied both short-term and long-term exposure to nature. He found that spending short amounts of time in nature without technology does calm the brain and helps it to remember better. However, he found it is the long-term contact with nature that does the most good. He and his research team found spending three days in nature without any technology is enough time for the brain to fully relax and reset itself.12. What is David Strayer’s opinion?A. Americans dislike outdoor activities.B. Electronic equipment should be quitted.C. New technologies are a double-edged sword.D. Electronic equipment brings great convenience.13. Why does Strayer insist we go outdoors?A. To refresh our brainB. To try another lifestyleC. To make better decisions.D. To play with our family and friends14. What does the underlined word “regenerative” mean?A. ExhaustingB. RidiculousC. Relevant.D. Reborn15. Which is the proper title for the passage?A. How to Use New Technologies.B. Good Rest Develops Good Memory.C. Being in Nature Is Good for the Brain.D. Electronic Equipment Harms the Brain.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

甘肃省会宁县第一中学2020-2021学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题注意事项：1、本试卷共分两部分，第Ⅰ卷为选择题，第Ⅱ卷为非选择题。

2、所有试题的答案均填写在答题纸上（请将选择题的答案直接填涂到答题卡上），答案写在试卷上的无效。

第Ⅰ卷第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40 分）第一节（共15 小题；每小题2 分，满分30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和D）中，选出最佳选项。

AHere are some of the best apps that can help to push you into a more beneficial way of living.HabiticaHabitica turns the goal of forming good habits into a game, with its own characters and scoring. It's a lot of fun, and the app also lets you build habits with friends and family. In addition to regular repeating habits, you can add a more general to-do list, and the rewards you get can be customized too—you could treat yourself to a meal out or an extra hour of games.Smoke FreeIf you've got a specific habit in mind, then you'll usually find specific apps to help, like Smoke Free. If you're determined to give up smoking, then this is one of the most comprehensive apps for giving you that extra push you need to make a permanent change. The app offers a host of useful features for people wanting to go smoke-free. The ability to see your progress over time, charts showing how your health is improving, day-by-day encouragement, and some advice on techniques for giving up smoking.My Fitness PalYou can find a ton of health and fitness apps for your phone, but My Fitness Pal stands out not just because it is easy to use, but because it makes practical suggestions for you. It can take in a host of data, from the calories you’re taking in to the number of swims you’re doing per week, and offer reports on calorie consumption and macro nutrient breakdown.1. What does Smoke Free provide users with?A. A general to-do list.B. Charts about the health condition.C. Week- by- week encouragement.D. Advice on healthy dieting.2. What can My Fitness Pal help you do?A. Develop a good habit.B. Win a tough game easily.C. Order nutritious meals from a fancy restaurant.D. Know how much calorie you have consumed.3. What do the three apps have in common?A. Being free of charge.B. Offering some advice to the users.C. Helping users develop a healthy lifestyle.D. Providing interesting games.BEver since Earth formed roughly 4.5 billion years ago, its climate has gone through a number of incredible changes.All you have to do is look at images of the Jurassic Period (侏罗纪时期) to know that at one time, much of our planet was covered in extremely hot and humid jungle. Skip ahead a couple million years and you get to an ice age event, when global temperature experienced a huge drop. Whilemany species were not able to deal with these changing climate patterns, others successfully adapted, and some are even still with us today. Now, as humanity pushes the planet closer to another extreme climate event, scientists are eager to find out how the world's species will react. The idea was highlighted in a study published on April 6 in the journal PNAS, which showed that between 1970 and 2010, open water species such as lobsters and fish had declined by about half in tropical marine zones across the globe because over the 40-year time period, sea temperatures in those regions had risen by roughly 0. 2°C.The lower numbers aren't a sign of all the sea creatures dying off though. In fact, the scientists found some of them outside of their traditional habitats, meaning that if a species can migrate to cooler waters and adapt in a new environment, they will.However, those movements aren’t always a good thing; species that can' t move, such as coral, which is fixed to the seabed, rely on the fish and other sea creatures to contribute to the natural food chain and stay healthy. Additionally, when a non- native species moves into a new area, it threatens to disrupt the ecosystem that already exists there.Depending on the species, it can take anywhere from one generation to thousands and thousands of years to properly adapt, so the changes that have occurred in just the last 40 years are very troubling for scientists. As Sebastian Ferse, an ecologist at the Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research, Germany, explained, “In geological history, this has occurred in the blink of an eye. To see such changes occurring so rapidly is something quite alarming.4. What can we infer from Paragraph 2?A. Global temperature experienced a huge drop during Jurassic Period.B. Most species were able to deal with the changing climate patterns.C. Some species that adapted to the climate changes survived.D. Much of our planet was covered in humid jungle during ice age event.5. How did some sea creatures survived climate changes according to the scientists?A. By changing their food chain.B. By moving to other places and adapted.C. By adjusting their own temperature.D. By human beings' protecting.6. What does the underlined word “disrupt”in Paragraph 4 mean?A. ImproveB. BalanceC.EstablishD. Disturb7. Which word best describes scientists' attitudes to the migration of species?A. NegativeB. OptimisticC. ObjectiveD. IndifferentCIf you've ever had a dog, you know just how deep a connection you can develop with “man's best friend”. But a dog's life is much shorter than humans, about 12 to 15 years long, which means every dog owner has to go through the heart-breaking moment when their loving pet passes away.Why not make a clone of that dog then? This is the solution offered by a South Korean company, Sooam Biotech Research Foundation. The company has already successfully cloned at least 400 dogs, mostly for US customers, ever since it pioneered the technique in 2005. Now, Sooam Biotech has introduced its business to UK dog owners as well, offering them dogs that look just like their lost ones.To clone a dog, researchers first need to take a skin cell from a living dog or one that has just died. Meanwhile,another dog is selected to supply an egg. Researchers then replace the DNA in the egg with that from the skin cell and implant the egg into the womb (子宫) of a female dog. The egg grows into a puppy over the following two months. The whole process takes less than a day, but it comes at a shockingly high price —around ￡63,000.But if you can't afford it now, you can also save the cell in a laboratory and access it at a later date.However, magical as cloning might sound, there is no guarantee that the cloned dog will be a perfect copy of the om. “The spots on a Dalmatian (斑点狗) clone will be different, for example”Insung Hwang, head of Sooam Biotech, told The Guardian.Dog owners will also have to accept the fact that personality is not “cloneable”. Apart from genes, personality is also determined by upbringing and environment, which are both random elements that cloning technologies simply cannot overcome, Professor Tom Kirkwood at Newcastle University, UK, told The Telegraph.riginal one. Just like identical twins of humans, they share the exactly same DNA but there will still be small differences between the Perhaps bringing our dogs back by cloning is not the best way to remember them after all. Kirkwood, a dog owner himself, pointed out, “An important aspect of our relationship with them is coming to terms with the pain of letting go.”8. What service does Sooam Biotech Research Foundation offer?A. Making copies of pet dogs.B. Giving pet dogs identical twinsC. Helping dogs give birth to more puppies.D. Helping dog owners love their dogs more.9. Which order is correct in the dog cloning process?a. An egg is taken from another dog.b. A skin cell is taken from the pet dog.c. The egg grows into a puppy in two months.d. The egg is placed in the womb of a female dog.e. The DNA in the egg is replaced by the DNA from the skin cell.A. a→d→b→e→cB. a→e→b→d→cC. b→a→d→e→cD. b→a→e→d→c.10. What can we learn about dog cloning from the passage?A. It has not been put into practice until recently.B. It is very popular among US and UK pet owners.C. It might not give the owners an exactly same dog.D. It is very expensive and usually takes half a year to complete.11. What does Kirkwood think of dog cloning?A. He disagrees with it.B. He supports it.C. He is curious about it.D. He thinks it unbelievable.DPersuasion is the art of convincing someone to agree with your point of view. According to the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle, there are three basic tools of persuasion: ethos, pathos, and logos.Ethos is a speaker’s way of convincing people that she is an honest source. For example, a speaker can develop ethos by explaining how much experience or education she has in the field. After all, you would be more likely to listen to advice about how to take care of your teeth from a dentist than a firefighter. A speaker can also create ethos by convincing people that she is a good person who has their best interests at heart.Pathos is a speaker’s way of connecting with a listener’s emotions. For example, a speaker trying to convince people to vote for him might say that he alone can save the country from a terrible war. These words are intended to fill them with fear, thus making them want to vote for him. Similarly, a charity organization that helps animals might show pictures of injured dogs and cats, intended to fill the viewers with pity. If they feel bad for the animals, they will be more likely to donate money.Logos is the use of facts, statistics, or other information to make your argument more convincing. An audience will be more likely to believe you if you have data to support your claims.For example, a commercial for soap might tell you that lab tests have shown that their soap kills all 7,000,000 of the bacteria living on your hands right now. It is more convincing than simply saying “our soap is the best！”Use of logos can also increase a speaker’s ethos.Although ethos, pathos, and logos all have their strengths, they are often most effective when they are used together. The next time you listen to a speech, watch a commercial, or listen to a friend trying to convince you to lend him some money, be on the lookout for these ancient Greek tools of persuasion.12. When a speaker tries to move people to tears, the tool of persuasion used by him is ________.A. ethosB. logosC. strengthsD. pathos13. ________ is used by the writer in developing the three tools of persuasion.A. Argument-comparisonsB. Detail-exampleC. Argument-exampleD. General-detail14. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 mean?A. A speaker can use misleading information to convince you to trust his argument.B. A listener is likely to trust a speaker who uses evidence to support his argument.C. Logos is believed to be a better tool of persuasion compared with that of ethos.D. A person is more easily persuaded by facts than simple moving words said.15. Doing persuasion, the author probably favors the most effective tool of ________.A. a good combination of ethos, pathos and logosB. pathos because people are emotionally persuadedC. logos because use of logos can also increase ethosD. ethos because it is a speaker's way of convincing people第二节（共5个小题；每小题2 分，满分10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

秘密★启用前2017-2018下学期高二年级期末考试英语试题参考答案及评分标准第Ⅰ卷（共100分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）1-5 ACCBC 6-10 ACBAB 11-15 BCBCA 16-20 BACBA第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）21-23 BCD 24-27 CDAB 28-31 BBDC 31-35 ACBD第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）36-40 ADGBF第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20 小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）41-45 CDBAA 46-50 CADBD 51-55 CBACD 56-60 CBDAB第Ⅱ卷（主观题满分50分）第三部分英语知识运用第二节（共10分；每小题1.5分，满分15分）61. a 62. competitive 63. to realize 64. What 65. existing/existent66. luck 67. relatives 68. was 69. better 70. for评分标准:６１-７０小题，每小题１.５分。

有任何错误,包括用词错误、单词拼写错误(含大小写)或语法形式错误，均不给分。

第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)Last week I noticed Jack coughing on our math class. See this, I offered to take him to a clinic.in SeeingThere the doctor asked Jack how he had coughed sometimes for long time. Jack nodded his headif/whether aimmediate. The doctor then wrote a prescription with instruction on how to take the Chinese immediately instructionsmedicine. Having tasted the medicine, he almost brings it up. I comforted him with an old sayingbrought“Good medicine for health tastes bitter to the mouth”. Jack managed to swallow them unwillingly.itBut when he had recovered three days later, he felt amazing at the effect of the Chinese medicine.amazed评分标准: 有任何错误, 包括用词、单词拼写(含大小写)或语法形式，均不给分。

甘肃省兰州第一中学2017-2018学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题第一部分：阅读理解（共两节, 满分30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

AWe’re a nation — a globe, in fact — obsessed with our hair. Analysts estimate the global hair product industry to be worth €22.6 billion, growing at a rate of up to seven percent a year.There seems to be no limit on what we’ll spend to avoid a bad hai r day. But for devotees of an underground beauty movement, the secret lies in throwing away the shampoo, in fact all the hair products, for good.The “no—poo” method, which involves using natural substitutes or just water in place of shampoo and conditioner, is supported by several circles.Beauty insiders, including writers for women’s magazines and professional hairdressers, speak highly of how hair becomes thicker, fuller, softer and brighter.And environmentalists who are mindful of money feel great joy at the lack of chemicals in and on their bodies—not to mention the impact on their budgets.Now one devotee is hoping to take it mainstream. Lucy Aitken Read, whose book Happy Hair: The definitive guide to giving up shampoo was released last week, hasn’t used shampoo for two years and her glowing brown hair is visibly in perfect condition.For her, the motivation came after reading a study that claimed women put 515 chemicals on their bodies daily. “I initially thought ‘Ha! They didn’t research me!’,” Aitken Read says. “Then I looked at the back of my shampoo bottle and realized there were loads of chemical components I didn’t recognize in the slightest.”Strangely it’s oily hair that could benefit the most from giving up shampoo. The theory beh ind the “no—poo” method is that shampoo removes the hair from its natural oils, which causes the scalp (头皮) to generate more oils to replace them. This results in oil overload —oily hair—which we then attempt to “fix” with more shampoo. It’s a vicious (恶性的) circle and quitea brilliant success for the shampoo industry, because the more shampoo you use, the more you need to use and the more frequently you need to use it.Left to its own devices or washed with natural substitutes, the scalp eventually theoretically returns to its natural balance. The result should be healthier hair that is stronger, thicker and fuller as it is less damaged than shampooed hair.1.What can we know from the first paragraph?A.More and more people produce hair products.B.More and more people waste money on their hair.C.More and more hair products are wasted every year.D.More and more hair products are produced every year.2.According to Para. 5, environmentalists are in favor of “no—poo” method because _______.A.it has the same chemicals as shampoo doesB.it helps reduce their budgets on daily expenses in a wayC.natural substitutes are friendly to the environmentD.they know shampoo has an impact on their health3.What can we learn from Lucy’s words?A.She didn’t realize shampoo contains so many harmful chemicals.B.She didn’t realize shampoo contains all the necessary chemicals.C.She couldn’t recognize the description on the shampoo bottle.D.She didn’t recognize she was quite different from other women.4.What is the main trouble with shampoo?A.It adds more oils to the hair.B.It prevents the scalp producing oils.C. It badly impacts the shampoo industry.D. It makes people addicted to using it more often.BAlong with its neighbors, Sweden features near the top of most sex-equality rankings. The World Economic Forum rates it as having one of the narrowest sex gaps in the world. Sweden is not only a good place for a woman, but it appears to be one for new dads. Close to ninety percent of Swedish fathers take paternity leave (陪产假). Last year some 340,000 dads took a total of 12million days’ leave, that is, approximately seven weeks each. Women take even more leave days to spend time with their children, but the gap is shrinking. Why do Swedish dads take so much time off work to raise their children?Forty years ago Sweden became the first country in the world to introduce a paid parental-leave allowance. Benefits consisted of ninety percent of wages for 180 days per child, and parents were free to share the days between them in whatever way they pleased. But the policy was hardly a hit with dads: in the policy’s first year men took only 0.5% of all paid parental leave.Today they take a quarter of it. One reason is that the policy has become more generous, with the number of paid leave days for the first child increasing from 180 to 480. In 1995 the first so-called “daddy month” was introduced. Under this reform, families in which each parent took at least one month of leave received an additional month to add to their total allowance. The policy was expanded in 2002 so that if the mother and father each took at least two months’ leave, the family would get two extra months. Some politicians now want to go further, advocating that the present system of shared leave be turned into one of personal rights, under which mothers should be allowed to take only half of the family’s allowance, with the rest reserved for fathers.Since Swedish men started to take more responsibility for child upbringing, women have seen both their incomes and levels of self-reported happiness increase. Paying dads to change nappies(尿布) and hang out at playgrounds seems to benefit the whole family.5. What can be a suitable title for the passage?A. Swedish Sex EqualityB. Swedish Fathers’ Paternity LeaveC. Swedish New Dad PolicyD. Swedish New Fathers’ Family Role6. Why does Sweden appear a good place for new dads?A. Sweden has the smallest global sex gap.B. They feed their children instead of mothers.C. Most of them are provided with paternity leave.D. Swedish fathers take more leave days than mothers.7. How has the policy changed over time?A. Fathers can have longer paternity leave.B. Paternity leave decreases fathers’ incomes.C. Fathers take more responsibility than mothers.D. Leave days are divided equally between parents.CThe following simple exercise routine works as well as prescription medication(处方药) without side effects.A jog a day could keep your headaches at bay; regular cardio workouts(有氧锻炼) may prevent migraines(偏头痛), a growing body of research suggests.Migraine patients had fewer headaches after doing 40-minute cycling workouts three times a week for three months, according to a Swedish study.The exercise routine worked just as well as one of the top migraine-preventing drugs—topamirate, but without side effects of depression and tremors(颤抖).“Cardio workouts can help with regular headaches, too,” says Alexander Mauskop, M.D., director of the New York Headache Center in Manhattan.There are a couple of theories on how it works.“Breaking a sweat may relieve stress,” says Dr. Mauskop. Headaches are often triggered by stress, and if you remove the trigger, you release the pain.The feel-good chemicals produced when you exercise actually block your pain sensors, acting as a natural painkiller.Since headaches can be caused by many different factors like genetics, lack of sleep, or certain foods, the cardio workout won’t be the solution for everyone, Dr. Mauskop says. But one German study found that it helped 65 percent of patients, which makes it as effective as the best medicines on the market.Dr. Mauskop recommends his patients do a half-hour reasonable intensity(强度) cardio workout, like jogging, biking, or swimming three times a week. These workouts are meant to be slow and steady, as opposed to high-intensity intervals that alternate between all-out runs and rest. Pushing yourself too much or increasing the intensity too quickly can trigger headaches in some people, so make sure your heart rate doesn’t jump above 150 BPM. If you don’t have a heart rate monitor, then breathe only through your nose. You’ll know you’re going too hard if you can’t keep up that breathing pattern.Your migraines could start disappearing in a couple of weeks, Dr. Mauskop says.8. According to the passage, the author may agree that _______.A. jogging, swimming and fishing are cardio workouts.B. neither cardio workouts nor topamirate has side effectsC. migraine patients may be cured by regular cardio workoutsD. cardio workouts will be the solution for everyone with migraines9. The underlined word “triggered” in Paragraph 7 can be replaced by _______.A. curedB. releasedC. causedD. monitored10. What would be the best title?A. A Cure for HeadachesB. Side Effects of MigrainesC. The Causes of HeadachesD. Advantages of Cardio Workouts第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

会宁一中2018-2019学年度第二学期中期考试高二级英语试题考试说明：满分120分，考试时间100分钟第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

AHiking is a great way to get active and reduce stress while you are exploring the city. Visit our page to find some of the best free walking tours across New York City.Greenbelt on the GoTuesday, August 14, 2018 10:00a.m.---11:30a.m.Join us for relaxing walks through our parks. Enjoy the pretty views of them, as we point out a few of the distinct features that make each park special. The length of each hike will be determined by the pace of the group. Considering the environment, your foods are not allowed. Registration is required. To register, please email naturecenter@ before August 14.Position: Greenbelt Nature Center in Blood Root Valley, 700 Rockland Avenue at Brielle Avenue Staten IslandEvent Organizer: Staten Island Greenbelt Conservancy, Greenbelt Environmental Education DepartmentPhone Number: (718)351-3450Contact Email: naturecenter@Adult Afternoon HikesWednesday, October 10,2018 1:30p.m.---3:00p.m.Get familiar with the Greenbelt and local parks by hiking with other adults! You’re encouraged to bring small meals and drinks for the break time.Position: Greenbelt Nature Center in Blood Root Valley, 700 Rockland Avenue at Brielle Avenue Staten IslandEvent Organizer: Staten Island Greenbelt Conservancy, Greenbelt Environmental Education DepartmentPhone Number: (718)351-3450Contact Email: naturecenter@The South Pole at Wards PointThursday ,November 15,2018 7:00a.m.---7:00p.m.The three miles of nearby natural shoreline are a sandy beach. Shells, rocks, and stones of every shape and size can be found here. Not to be missed are the park’s other attractions: four galleries, and five historic houses!Position: Conference House Park Visitor Center in Conference House Park, 298 Satterlee Street ,Staten IslandEvent Organizer: Conference House ParkContact Email: john.kilcullen@parks .nyc.qovCommunity Days at Conference House ParkWednesda, September 19, 2018 12:00p.m.---2:00p.m.Enjoy new gardens at the Visitor Center. Explore and help repair the three self-designed gardens: vegetable, native plant, and sculpture. Experience kids crafts, adult art programs, Tai Chi, Kung Fu, Peking Opera and more in this lovely setting.Position: Conference House Park, 298 Satterlee Street, Staten IslandEvent Organizer: Conference House ParkPhone Number: (718)227-1463Contact Email: john.kilcullen@parks .nyc.qov1. Which walking tour may attract people interested in Chinese culture?A. Greenbelt on the Go.B. Adult Afternoon Hikes.C. The South Pole at Wards Point .D. Community Days at Conference House Park.2. What do we know about Greenbelt on the Go?A. The length of the hike is settled.B. Visitors need to register in advance.C. People will visit three distinct parks.D. It takes place in Conference House Park.3. What do the four walking tours have in common?A. They all charged no fees.B. They are all open to adults.C. They’re held by the same organizer.D. They require visitors to bring food.【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A【解析】本文是一则广告。

会宁一中2018-2019学年度第二学期中期考试高二级英语试题考试说明：满分120分，考试时间100分钟第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

AHiking is a great way to get active and reduce stress while you are exploring the city. Visit our page to find some of the best free walking tours across New York City.Greenbelt on the GoTuesday, August 14, 2018 10:00a.m.---11:30a.m.Join us for relaxing walks through our parks. Enjoy the pretty views of them, as we point out a few of the distinct features that make each park special. The length of each hike will be determined by the pace of the group. Considering the environment, your foods are not allowed. Registration is required. To register, please email naturecenter@ before August 14.Position: Greenbelt Nature Center in Blood Root Valley, 700 Rockland Avenue at Brielle Avenue Staten IslandEvent Organizer: Staten Island Greenbelt Conservancy, Greenbelt Environmental Education DepartmentPhone Number: (718)351-3450Contact Email: naturecenter@Adult Afternoon HikesWednesday, October 10,2018 1:30p.m.---3:00p.m.Get familiar with the Greenb elt and local parks by hiking with other adults! You’re encouraged to bring small meals and drinks for the break time.Position: Greenbelt Nature Center in Blood Root Valley, 700 Rockland Avenue at Brielle Avenue Staten IslandEvent Organizer: Staten Island Greenbelt Conservancy, Greenbelt Environmental Education DepartmentPhone Number: (718)351-3450Contact Email: naturecenter@The South Pole at Wards PointThursday ,November 15,2018 7:00a.m.---7:00p.m.The three miles of nearby natural shoreline are a sandy beach. Shells, rocks, and stones of every shape and size can be found here. Not to be missed are the park’s other a ttractions: four galleries, and five historic houses!Position: Conference House Park Visitor Center in Conference House Park, 298 Satterlee Street ,Staten IslandEvent Organizer: Conference House ParkContact Email: john.kilcullen@parks .nyc.qovCommunity Days at Conference House ParkWednesda, September 19, 2018 12:00p.m.---2:00p.m.Enjoy new gardens at the Visitor Center. Explore and help repair the three self-designed gardens: vegetable, native plant, and sculpture. Experience kids crafts, adult art programs, Tai Chi, Kung Fu, Peking Opera and more in this lovely setting.Position: Conference House Park, 298 Satterlee Street, Staten IslandEvent Organizer: Conference House ParkPhone Number: (718)227-1463Contact Email: john.kilcullen@parks .nyc.qov1. Which walking tour may attract people interested in Chinese culture?A. Greenbelt on the Go.B. Adult Afternoon Hikes.C. The South Pole at Wards Point .D. Community Days at Conference House Park.2. What do we know about Greenbelt on the Go?A. The length of the hike is settled.B. Visitors need to register in advance.C. People will visit three distinct parks.D. It takes place in Conference House Park.3. What do the four walking tours have in common?A. They all charged no fees.B. They are all open to adults.C. They’re held by the same organiz er.D. They require visitors to bring food.BJudy Wright and her husband decided to move closer to their son, Chris, who lived in Georgia. About a month after the move, Judy fell ill, suffering from her ongoing (不间断的) battle againstParkinson disease.Her condition worsened rapidly and she required medical care at home. The family hired a nursing aid who canceled at the last minute. Instead, a woman named TunDe Hector showed up in her place.One day, TunDe shared a story with Judy and her family. She remembered a particularly difficult day in 2014, when a stranger had helped her with a kind gesture. She had run out of gas, and with only $5 in her pocket, was walking to a gas station. A man saw her walking and turned his car around. He paid for her gas and gave her all the cash left in his wallet. Upon hearing the story, Judy’s son, Chris, took off his hat and said ,“That was me!” He was the stranger that had helped TunDe on that difficult day.During the care of Ju dy, the Wright family learned about TunDe’s family and her own dream. The nursing aid, TunDe hoped that one day she could become an OB-GYN nurse. Her tuition was past due (逾期) and she had a family to care for, but she was determined to achieve that goal for herself and her family.Judy died on July 9,2017. Instead of flowers, her family asked mourners (悼念者) to donate to TunDe’s education, to assist her in paying for her nursing school. In less than a week, they raised more than $8,000 and presented her with the surprise check.4. Why did Judy’s family choose TunDe in the end?A. To help her with a kind gesture.B. To look after Judy in the hospital.C. To replace another nursing aid.D. To give Judy the best medical care.5. How might Chris feel w hen hearing TunDe’s story?A. ThrilledB.ShockedC. PuzzledD. Delighted6. How did the Wright family help TunDe after Judy’s death?A. They paid for her education.B. They helped care for her family.C. They bought her a surprise present.D. They helped her realize her dream.7. What does the whole story mainly tell us ?A. Kindness comes full circle.B. Constant dropping wears stone.C. The truth never fears investigation.D. Actions speak louder than words.CA study showed that the experiences children have in their first few years are important . These experiences affect the development of the brain. When children receive more attention, they often have higher IQs. Babies receive information when they see, hear and feel things, which makes connections between different parts of the brain. There are a hundred trillion (万亿) connections in the brain of a three-year-old child.Researcher Judit Gervain tested how good newborns are at distinguishing different sound patterns. Her researchers produced images of the brains of babies as they heard different sound patterns.For example, one order was mu-ba-ba. This is the pattern “A-B-B". Another order was mu-ba-ge. This is the patt ern “A-B-C”. The images showed that the part of the brain responsible for speech was more active during the “A-B-B” pattern. This shows that babies can tell the difference between different patterns. They also were sensitive to where it occurred in the order.Gervain is excited by these findings because the order of sounds is the building block of words and grammar. “Position is key to language," she says. “If something is at the beginning or at the end, it makes a big difference: ‘John caught the bear.’ is very different from ‘The bear caught J ohn.’”Researchers led by scientist Patricia Kuhl have found that language delivered by televisions, audio books,the Internet, or smartphones－no matter how educational－doesn’t appear to be enough for children’s brai n development. They carried out a study of nine-month-old American babies. They expected the first group who’d watched videos in Chinese to show the same kind of learning as the second group who were brought face-to-face with the same sounds. Instead they found a huge difference. The babies in the second group were able to distinguish between similar Chinese sounds as well as native listeners. But the other babies －regardless of whether they had watched the video or listened to the audio－learned nothing.8.Wh at makes connections in a baby’s brain?A. Having a higher IQ.B. The connection with other babies.C. The baby’s early age.D. Experiencing new information.9. What did Judit Gervain and her team find in the experiment?A. Word order is relevant to meaning.B. Babies identify different sound patterns.C. A certain brain region processes language.D. Babies can well understand different words.10. What does the underlined sentence mean in Paragraph 3?A. Words have different sounds.B. Grammar is important in learning languagesC. Different orders have different meanings.D. Different languages have different grammar.11. What is the main conclusion from the study led by Patricia Kuhl?A. Babies shouldn’t watch a lot of television.B. So cial communication improves babies’ brain develo pment.C. Listening to different languages helps to develop babies’ brainD. Foreign languages are beneficial to babies’ brain develop mentDOn average, Americans spend about 10 hours a day in front of a computer or other electronic devices and less than 30 minutes a day outdoors. That is a claim made by David Strayer, a professorof psychology at the University of Utah. In his 2017 TED Talk , Strayer explained that all this time spent with technology is making our brains tired.Using an electronic device to answer emails, listen to the news and look at Facebook puts a lot of pressure on the front of the brain, which, Strayer explains, is important for critical thinking, problem-solving and decision-making.So it is important to give the brain a rest. And being in nature, Strayer claims , helps get a tired brain away from too much technology. More than 15,000 campers from around the world attended an international camping festival in September. That is when friends and family take time off and escape to nature for several days. They take walks, climb, explore, swim, sleep, eat and play. Camping may be just what a tired brain needs.Take Carl for example. He lives in West Virginia and enjoys camping. He says that staying outdoors makes him feel at ease. It also prepares him for the work he must do. Kate Somers is another example who also lives in West Virginia. She says she enjoys camping with her husband and two children. She calls it a “regenerative” experience.At the University of Utah, David Strayer has studied both short-term and long-term exposure to nature. He found that spending short amounts of time in nature without technology does calm the brain and helps it to remember better. However, he found it is the long-term contact with nature that does the most good. He and his research team found spending three days in nature without any technology is enough time for the brain to fully relax and reset itself.12. What is David Strayer’s opinion?A. Americans dislike outdoor activities.B. Electronic equipment should be quitted.C. New technologies are a double-edged sword.D. Electronic equipment brings great convenience.13. Why does Strayer insist we go outdoors?A. To refresh our brainB. To try another lifestyleC. To make better decisions.D. To play with our family and friends14. What does the underlined word “regenerative” mean?A. ExhaustingB. RidiculousC. Relevant.D. Reborn15. Which is the proper title for the passage?A. How to Use New Technologies.B. Good Rest Develops Good Memory.C. Being in Nature Is Good for the Brain.D. Electronic Equipment Harms the Brain.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。