数学符号英语读法
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数学运算符号英文读法数学运算符号是数学中用于表示各种运算关系的符号。
它们在数学中有着广泛的应用,帮助我们简洁明了地表示复杂的数学表达式和计算过程。
以下是数学运算符号的英文读法:1. 加法符号“+”的英文读法是“plus”或“add”。
2. 减法符号“-”的英文读法是“minus”或“subtract”。
3. 乘法符号“×”的英文读法是“multiply”。
4. 除法符号“÷”的英文读法是“divide”。
5. 等于符号“=”的英文读法是“equal”或“equals”。
6. 不等于符号“≠”的英文读法是“not equal”或“does not equal”。
7. 大于符号“>”的英文读法是“greater than”或“greater than or equal to”。
8. 小于符号“<”的英文读法是“less than”或“less than or equal to”。
9. 大于等于符号“≥”的英文读法是“greater than or equal to”。
10. 小于等于符号“≤”的英文读法是“less than or equal to”。
11. 约等于符号“≈”的英文读法是“approximately equal to”或“almost equal to”。
12. 正无穷大符号“∞”的英文读法是“infinity”。
13. 负无穷大符号“−∞”的英文读法是“negative infinity”。
14. 平方根符号“√”的英文读法是“square root”。
15. 立方根符号“∛”的英文读法是“cubic root”。
16. 绝对值符号“|x|”的英文读法是“absolute value of x”。
17. 圆周率符号“π”的英文读法是“pi”。
18. 自然对数底数e的英文读法是“e”。
19. 无穷小符号“0”的英文读法是“zero”。
20. 正整数集符号N*或N+的英文读法是“the set of positive integers”。
英语中各种符号的读法英语中有许多常见的符号,它们在口语和书面语中都有特定的读法。
下面我将从不同的角度为你介绍一些常见符号的读法。
1. 标点符号:句号(.),读作"period",在美式英语中也可以称为"dot"。
逗号(,),读作"comma"。
问号(?),读作"question mark"。
感叹号(!),读作"exclamation mark"。
冒号(:),读作"colon"。
分号(;),读作"semicolon"。
引号("),双引号读作"quotation marks",单引号读作"apostrophe"。
括号(()),读作"parentheses"。
破折号(-),读作"dash"。
斜杠(/),读作"slash"。
反斜杠(\),读作"backslash"。
2. 数学符号:加号(+),读作"plus"。
减号(-),读作"minus"。
乘号(×),读作"times"或"multiply by"。
除号(÷),读作"divided by"。
等号(=),读作"equals"。
百分号(%),读作"percent"。
小数点(.),读作"decimal point"。
3. 货币符号:美元符号($),读作"dollar sign"。
英镑符号(£),读作"pound sign"。
欧元符号(€),读作"euro sign"。
数学符号的读法α( 阿而法)β( 贝塔)γ(伽马)δ(德尔塔)ε(艾普西龙)δ(截塔)ε(艾塔)ζ(西塔)η约塔)θ(卡帕)ι(兰姆达)κ(米尤)λ(纽)μ(可系)ν(奥密克戎)π(派)ξ(若)ζ(西格马)η(套)υ(英文或拉丁字母)θ(斐)χ(喜)ψ(普西))ω(欧米伽)更全面:1 Αα alpha a:lf 阿尔法角度;系数2 Ββ beta bet 贝塔磁通系数;角度;系数3 Γγ gamma ga:m 伽马电导系数(小写)4 Γδ delta delt 德尔塔变动;密度;屈光度5 Δε epsilon ep`silon 伊普西龙对数之基数6 Εδ zeta zat 截塔系数;方位角;阻抗;相对粘度;原子序数7 Ζε eta eit 艾塔磁滞系数;效率(小写)8 Θζ thet ζit 西塔温度;相位角9 Ηη iot aiot 约塔微小,一点儿10 Κθ kappa kap 卡帕介质常数11 ∧ι lambda lambd 兰布达波长(小写);体积12 Μκ mu mju 缪磁导系数;微(千分之一);放大因数(小写)13 Νλ nu nju 纽磁阻系数14 Ξμ xi ksi 克西15 Ον omicron omik`ron 奥密克戎16 ∏π pi pai 派圆周率=圆周÷直径=3.141617 Ρξ rho rou 肉电阻系数(小写)18 ∑ζ sigma `sigma 西格马总和(大写),表面密度;跨导(小写)19 Τη tau tau 套时间常数20 Υυ upsilon jup`silon 宇普西龙位移21 Φθ phi fai 佛爱磁通;角22 Φχ chi phai 西23 Χψ psi psai 普西角速;介质电通量(静电力线);角24 Ψω omega o`miga 欧米伽欧姆(大写);角速(小写);角希腊字母读法Αα:阿尔法 AlphaΒβ:贝塔 BetaΓγ:伽玛 GammaΓδ:德尔塔 DelteΔε:艾普西龙 Epsilonδ:捷塔 ZetaΕε:依塔 EtaΘζ:西塔 ThetaΗη:艾欧塔 IotaΚθ:喀帕 Kappa∧ι:拉姆达 LambdaΜκ:缪 MuΝλ:拗 NuΞμ:克西 XiΟν:欧麦克轮 Omicron∏π:派 PiΡξ:柔 Rho∑ζ:西格玛 SigmaΤη:套 TauΥυ:宇普西龙 Upsilon Φθ:fai PhiΦχ:器 ChiΧψ:普赛 PsiΨω:欧米伽 Omega希腊字母怎么打。
常用数学符号的汉英读法1. 逻辑:Logic∃存在:there exists∀任意:for allp q⇒由p推出q :p implies q / if p, then q⇔p、q相互推出:p if and only if q /p is equivalent to q / p and q are equivalentp q2.集合:Sets∈x 属于A:x belongs to A / x is an element (or a member) of Ax A∉x 不属于A:x does not belong to A / x is not an element (or a member) of Ax A⊂A真包含B:A is contained in B / A is a subset of BA B⊃A真包含于B:A contains B / B is a subset of AA BA B A 与B的交集:A cap B / A meet B / A intersection BA B A 与B的并集:A cup B / A join B / A union B3. 实数:Real numbersx+x加1:x plus one1x-x减1:x minus one1x±x加或减1:x plus or minus one1xy x乘y:xy / x multiplied by yxx除以y:x over yy=等于:the equals sign5x=x等于5 :x equals 5 / x is equal to 5≡x恒等于y:x is equivalent to (or identical with) yx y≠x不等于y :x is not equivalent to (or identical with) yx y>x 大于y:x is greater than yx y≥x 大于或等于y:x is greater than or equal to yx y<x 小于y:x is less than yx y≤x 小于或等于y;x is less than or equal to yx y<<0小于x小于1:zero is less than x is less than 1x01≤≤0小于或等于x小于或等于1:zero is less than or equal to x is less than or equal to 1 01x||x x的模(x的绝对值):mod x / modulus x2x x的2次方:x squared / x (raised) to the power 23x x的3次方:x cubed4x x的4次方:x to the fourth / x to the power fournx x的n次方:x to the nth / x to the power nnx-x的负n次方:x to the (power) minus nx的2次根式:(square) root x / the square root of xx的3次根式:cube root (of) xx的4次根式:fourth root (of) xx的n次根式:nth root (of) x2+x与y的和的平方:x plus y all squared()x y2()x yx 与y 的商的平方:x over y all squared !n n 的阶乘:n factorialx x 拔:x bari x i x :i x / x subscript i / x suffix i/ x sub i1n i i a =∑ i a 从1到n 求和:the sum from i equals one to n i a / the sum as i runs from 1 to n of the i a 4.线性代数:Linear algebra OA 向量OA :OA / vector OAOA 有向线段OA :OA / the length of the segment OA a b 向量a 与b 平行:vector a parallel to vector ba ⊥b 向量a 与b 垂直:vector a is perpendicular to vector b5. 函数:Functions()f x 函数()f x : fx / f of x / the function f of x:f S T → f 是从集合S 到T 的函数:a function f from S to Tx y → 从x 到y :x maps to y / x is sent (or mapped) to y'()f x ()f x 的导数:f prime x / f dash x / the (first) derivative of f with respect to x ''()f x ()f x 的二阶导数:f double-prime x / f double-dash x /the second derivative of f with respect to x'''()f x ()f x 的三阶导数:f triple-prime x / f triple-dash x /the third derivative of f with respect to x()()n f x ()f x 的四阶导数: the nth derivative of f with respect to x1f x ∂∂ f 关于1x 的偏导数:the partial (derivative) of f with respect to 1x 221f x ∂∂ f 关于1x 的二阶偏导数:the second partial (derivative) of f with respect to 1x 0∞⎰ 从0到∞求积分:the integral from zero to infinitylim x → x 趋于0求极限:the limit as x approaches zero 0lim x →+ x 右趋于0求极限:the limit as x approaches zero from above 0lim x →- x 左趋于0求极限:the limit as x approaches zero from belowlog e y 以e 为底数的y 的对数:log y to the base e / log to the base e of y / natural log (of) y ln y y 的自然对数:log y to the base e / log to the base e of y / natural log (of) y。
数学符号的读法α( 阿而法)β( 贝塔)γ(伽马)δ(德尔塔)ε(艾普西龙)ζ(截塔)η(艾塔)θ(西塔)ι约塔)κ(卡帕)λ(兰姆达)μ(米尤)ν(纽)ξ(可系)ο(奥密克戎)π (派)ρ (若)σ (西格马)τ (套)υ (英文或拉丁字母)φ(斐)χ(喜)ψ(普西))ω(欧米伽)α Α alpha 【'ælfə】β Β beta 【'bi:tə, 'beitə】γ Γ gamma 【'gæmə】δ Δ delta 【'deltə】ε Ε epsil on 【ep'sailən, 'epsilən】ζ Ζ zeta 【'zi:tə】η Η eta 【'i:tə】θ Θ theta 【'θi:tə】ι Ι iota 【ai'əutə】κ Κ kappa 【'kæpə】λ ∧lambda 【'læmdə】μ Μ mu 【mju:】ν Ν nu 【nju:】ξ Ξ xi 【ksai, ksi:】ο Ο omicron 【əu'maikrən】π ∏ pi 【pai】ρ Ρ rho 【rəu】σ ∑ sigma 【'sigmə】τ Τ tau 【tau】υ Υ upsilon 【ju:p'sailən】φ Φ phi 【fai】χ Χ chi 【kai, ki:】ψ Ψ psi 【psai】ω Ω omega 【'əumigə】更全面:1 Α α alpha a:lf 阿尔法角度;系数2 Β β beta bet 贝塔磁通系数;角度;系数3 Γ γ gamma ga:m 伽马电导系数(小写)4 Δ δ delta delt 德尔塔变动;密度;屈光度5 Ε ε epsilon ep`silon 伊普西龙对数之基数6 Ζ ζ zeta zat 截塔系数;方位角;阻抗;相对粘度;原子序数7 Η η eta eit 艾塔磁滞系数;效率(小写)8 Θ θ thet θit 西塔温度;相位角9 Ι ι iot aiot 约塔微小,一点儿10 Κ κ kappa kap 卡帕介质常数11 ∧λ lambda lambd 兰布达波长(小写);体积12 Μ μ mu mju 缪磁导系数;微(千分之一);放大因数(小写)13 Ν ν nu nju 纽磁阻系数14 Ξ ξ xi ksi 克西15 Ο ο omicron omik`ron 奥密克戎16 ∏ π pi pai 派圆周率=圆周÷直径=3.141617 Ρ ρ rho rou 肉电阻系数(小写)18 ∑ σ sigma `sigma 西格马总和(大写),表面密度;跨导(小写)19 Τ τ tau tau 套时间常数20 Υ υ upsilon jup`silon 宇普西龙位移21 Φ φ phi fai 佛爱磁通;角22 Χ χ chi phai 西23 Ψ ψ psi psai 普西角速;介质电通量(静电力线);角24 Ω ω omega o`miga 欧米伽欧姆(大写);角速(小写);角希腊字母读法Αα:阿尔法AlphaΒβ:贝塔BetaΓγ:伽玛GammaΔδ:德尔塔DelteΕε:艾普西龙Epsilonζ :捷塔ZetaΖη:依塔EtaΘθ:西塔ThetaΙι:艾欧塔IotaΚκ:喀帕Kappa∧λ:拉姆达LambdaΜμ:缪MuΝν:拗NuΞξ:克西XiΟο:欧麦克轮Omicron∏π:派PiΡρ:柔Rho∑σ:西格玛SigmaΤτ:套TauΥυ:宇普西龙UpsilonΦφ:fai PhiΧχ:器ChiΨψ:普赛PsiΩω:欧米伽Omega希腊字母怎么打打开Office文档之后,在你需要输入希腊字母的时候,先将输入法切换为英文状态,然后同时按下三个键Ctrl+Shift+Q ,工具栏上的“字体”就会发生变化此刻,你再对照下表输入a,b,c……即可得到您想要的希腊字母。
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各种数学符号和表达式的英文读法一、一般符号对应的英文单词.period 句号,comma 逗号:colon 冒号;semicolon 分号!exclamation 惊叹号?question mark 问号 ̄hyphen 连字符'apostrophe 省略号;所有格符号—dash 破折号‘ ’single quotat ion marks 单引号“ ”double quotation marks 双引号( )parentheses 圆括号[ ]square brackets 方括号《》French quotes 法文引号;书名号...ellipsis 省略号¨tandem colon 双点号"ditto 同上‖parallel 平行/virgule 斜线号&ampersand = and~swung dash 代字号§section; division 分节号→arrow 箭号;参见号+plus 加号;正号-minus 减号;负号ªplus or minus 正负号×is multiplied by or cross 叉乘÷is divided by 除号=is equal to 等于号≠is not equal to 不等于号≡is equivalent to 全等于号≌is equal to or approximately equal to 等于或约等于号≈is approximately equal to 约等于号<is less than 小于号>is more than (is greater than在数学中更常用)大于号≤is not less than 不小于号≥is not more than 不大于号≢is less than or equal to 小于或等于号≣is more than or equal to 大于或等于号%per cent 百分之…‟per mill 千分之…∞infinity 无限大号∝varies as 与…成比例√(square) root 平方根∵since; because 因为∴hence 所以∷equals, as (proportion) 等于,成比例∟angle 角≨semicircle 半圆≦circle 圆○circumference 圆周πpi 圆周率△triangle 三角形≧perpendicular to 垂直于;另外normal to,right to也都有垂直的意思。
数学符号和公式的英语读法如下:1.加号"+" 读作"plus"。
2.减号"-" 读作"minus"。
3.乘号"×" 读作"times"。
4.除号"÷" 读作"divided by"。
5.等号"=" 读作"equals"。
6.大于号">" 读作"greater than"。
7.小于号"<" 读作"less than"。
8.不等号"≠" 读作"not equal to"。
9.大于等于号"≥" 读作"greater than or equal to"。
10.小于等于号"≤" 读作"less than or equal to"。
11.约等于号"≈" 读作"approximately equals"。
12.百分号"%" 读作"percent"。
13.度数符号"°" 读作"degree"。
14.开方号"√" 读作"square root"。
15.正负号"±" 读作"plus or minus"。
16.正负平方根号"∛" 读作"cubed root"。
17.正负立方根号"∛" 读作"cubed root"。
常见符号及其读法希腊字母1、Ααalpha a:lf 阿尔法角度;系数Αα:阿尔法Alpha2、Ββbeta bet 贝塔磁通系数;角度;系数Ββ:贝塔Beta3、Γγgamma ga:m 伽马电导系数(小写)Γγ:伽玛Gamma4、Δδdelta delt 德尔塔变动;密度;屈光度Δδ:德尔塔Delte5、Εεepsilon ep`silon 伊普西龙对数之基数Εε:艾普西龙Epsilon6、Ζζzeta zat 截塔系数;方位角;阻抗;相对粘度;原子序数ζ:捷塔Zeta7、Ηηeta eit 艾塔磁滞系数;效率(小写)η:依塔Eta8、Θθthet θit 西塔温度;相位角Θθ:西塔Theta9、Ιιiot aiot 约塔微小,一点儿Ιι:艾欧塔Iota10 、Κκkappa kap 卡帕介质常数Κκ:喀帕Kappa11 、∧λlambda lambd 兰布达波长(小写);体积Λλ:拉姆达Lambda12 、Μμmu mju 缪磁导系数;微(千分之一);放大因数(小写)Μμ:缪Mu13 、Ννnu nju 纽磁阻系数Νν:拗Nu14 、Ξξxi ksi 克西Ξξ:克西Xi15 、Οοomicron omik`ron 奥密克戎Οο:欧麦克轮Omicron16 、∏πpi pai 派圆周率=圆周÷直径=3.1416 Ππ:派Pi17 、Ρρrho rou 肉电阻系数(小写)Ρρ:柔Rho18 、∑σsigma `sigma 西格马总和(大写),表面密度;跨导(小写)Σσ:西格玛Sigma19 、Ττtau tau 套时间常数Ττ:套Tau20 、Υυupsilon jup`silon 宇普西龙位移Υυ:宇普西龙Upsilon21 、Φφphi fai 佛爱磁通;角Φφ:fai Phi22 、Χχchi phai 西Χχ:器Chi23 、Ψψpsi psai 普西角速;介质电通量(静电力线);角Ψψ:普赛Psi24 、Ωωomega o`miga 欧米伽欧姆(大写);角速(小写);角Ωω:欧米伽Omega键盘符号的英文读法` backquote 反引号~ tilde! exclam@ at# numbersign,英语国家是hash,美语是pound,音乐里作sharp,如C# $ dollar% percent^ caret& ampersand* asterisk,star(美语),数学公式中作multiply( parenleft,opening parentheses) parenright,closing paretheses- minus;hyphen连字符,不读_ underscore+ plus= equal[ bracketleft,opening bracket] bracketright,closing bracket{ braceleft} braceright; semicolon: colon' quote" doublequote/ slash\ backslash 反斜杠| bar, comma< less> greater. period? questionspace 空格下面是一些特殊符号的英文读法,主要是数学符号<is less than>is more than≮is not less than≯is not more than≤is less than or equal to 小于或等于号- hyphen 连字符≥is more than or equal to 大于或等于号' apostrophe 省略号,英文中省略字符用的撇号;所有格符号%percent-dash 破折号‰per mille∞infinity 无限大号∝varies as 与…成比例( ) parentheses 圆括号√(square) root 平方根[ ] square brackets 方括号∵since; because 因为《》French quotes 法文引号;书名号∴hence 所以…ellipsis 省略号∷equals, as (proportion) 等于,成比例¨tandem colon 双点号∠angle 角∶ditto 双点号⌒semicircle 半圆‖parallel 双线号⊙circle 圆/virgule 斜线号○circumference 圆周~swung dash 代字号△triangle 三角形§section; division 分节号⊥perpendicular to 垂直于→arrow 箭号;参见号∪union of 并,合集∩intersection of 交,通集∫the integral of …的积分±plus or minus 正负号∑summation of 总和×is multiplied by 乘号°degree 度÷is divided by 除号′minute 分″second 秒≠is not equal to 不等于号≡is equivalent to 全等于号℃Celsius degree 摄氏度≌is equal to or approximately equal to 等于或约等于号一些符号的读法+ plus 加号;正号- minus 减号;负号±plus or minus 正负号×is multiplied by 乘号÷is divided by 除号=is equal to 等于号≠is not equal to 不等于号≡is equivalent to 全等于号≌is equal to or approximately equal to 等于或约等于号≈is approximately equal to 约等于号<is less than 小于号>is more than 大于号≮is not less than 不小于号≯is not more than 不大于号≤is less than or equal to 小于或等于号≥is more than or equal to 大于或等于号% per cent 百分之…‰per mill 千分之…∞infinity 无限大号∝varies as 与…成比例√(square) root 平方根∵since; because 因为∴hence 所以∷equals, as (proportion) 等于,成比例∠angle 角⌒semicircle 半圆⊙circle 圆○circumference 圆周πpi 圆周率△triangle 三角形⊥perpendicular to 垂直于∪union of 并,合集∩intersection of 交,通集∫the integral of …的积分∑(sigma) summation of 总和°degree 度′minute 分〃second 秒℃Celsius system 摄氏度{ open brace, open curly 左花括号} close brace, close curly 右花括号( open parenthesis, open paren 左圆括号) close parenthesis, close paren 右圆括号() brakets/ parentheses 括号[ open bracket 左方括号] close bracket 右方括号[] square brackets 方括号. period, dot 句号,点| vertical bar, vertical virgule 竖线& ampersand, and, reference, ref 和,引用/ slash, divide, oblique 斜线,斜杠,除号// slash-slash, comment 双斜线,注释符# pound 井号\ backslash, sometimes escape 反斜线转义符,有时表示转义符或续行符~ tilde 波浪符. full stop 句号, comma 逗号: colon 冒号; semicolon 分号? question mark 问号! exclamation mark (英式英语) exclamation point (美式英语) ' apostrophe 撇号- hyphen 连字号-- dash 破折号... dots/ ellipsis 省略号" single quotation marks 单引号"" double quotation marks 双引号‖parallel 双线号& ampersand = and~swung dash 代字号§section; division 分节号→arrow 箭号;参见号_ underscore 下划线。
N的阶级大写小写英文注音国际音标注音中文注音Ααalpha alfa 阿耳法Ββbeta beta 贝塔Γγgamma gamma 伽马Δδdeta delta 德耳塔Εεepsilon epsilon 艾普西隆Ζζzeta zeta 截塔Ηηeta eta 艾塔Θθtheta θita西塔Ιιiota iota 约塔Κκkappa kappa 卡帕∧λlambda lambda 兰姆达Μμmu miu 缪Ννnu niu 纽Ξξxi ksi 可塞Οοomicron omikron 奥密可戎∏πpi pai 派Ρρrho rou 柔∑σsigma sigma 西格马Ττtau tau 套Υυupsilon jupsilon 衣普西隆Φφphi fai 斐Χχchi khai 喜Ψψpsi psai 普西Ωωomega omiga 欧米伽符号表符号含义i —1的平方根f(x) 函数f在自变量x处的值sin(x)在自变量x处的正弦函数值exp(x) 在自变量x处的指数函数值,常被写作exa^x a的x次方;有理数x由反函数定义ln x exp x 的反函数ax 同a^xlogba 以b为底a的对数;blogba = acos x 在自变量x处余弦函数的值tan x 其值等于sin x/cos xcot x 余切函数的值或cos x/sin xsec x 正割含数的值,其值等于1/cos xcsc x 余割函数的值,其值等于1/sin xasin x y,正弦函数反函数在x处的值,即x = sin y acos x y,余弦函数反函数在x处的值,即x = cos yatan x y,正切函数反函数在x处的值,即x = tan y acot x y,余切函数反函数在x处的值,即x = cot y asec x y,正割函数反函数在x处的值,即x = sec y acsc x y,余割函数反函数在x处的值,即x = csc yθ角度的一个标准符号,不注明均指弧度,尤其用于表示atan x/y,当x、y、z用于表示空间中的点时i,j,k 分别表示x、y、z方向上的单位向量(a,b, c)以a、b、c为元素的向量(a,b) 以a、b为元素的向量(a,b)a、b向量的点积a?b a、b向量的点积(a?b) a、b向量的点积|v| 向量v的模|x| 数x的绝对值Σ表示求和,通常是某项指数。
一些数学符号的英语读法+plus加号;正号-minus减号;负号±plusorminus正负号×ismultipliedby乘号÷isdividedby除号=isequalto等于号≠isnotequalto不等于号≡isequivalentto恒等于号≌isequaltoorapproximatelyequalto等于或约等于号≈isapproximatelyequalto约等于号<islessthan小于号>ismorethan大于号≮isnotlessthan不小于号≯isnotmorethan不大于号≤islessthanorequalto小于或等于号≥ismorethanorequalto大于或等于号%percent百分之…‰permill千分之…∞infinity无限大号∝variesas与…成比例√(square)root平方根∵since;because因为∴hence所以∷equals,as(proportion)等于,成比例∠angle角⌒semicircle半圆⊙circle圆○circumference圆周πpi圆周率△triangle三角形⊥perpendicularto垂直于∪unionof并,合集∩intersectionof交,通集∫theintegralof…的积分∑(sigma)summationof总和°degree度′minute分″second秒℃Celsiussystem摄氏度{openbrace,opencurly左花括号}closebrace,closecurly右花括号(openparenthesis,openparen左圆括号)closeparenthesis,closeparen右圆括号()brakets/parentheses括号[openbracket左方括号]closebracket右方括号[]squarebrackets方括号.period,dot句号,点|verticalbar,verticalvirgule竖线*asterisk,multiply,star,pointer星号,乘号,星,指针/slash,divide,oblique斜线,斜杠,除号。
Frequently-used numerals1/2 a half , one half , one over two2/3 two thirds , two over three1/4 a quarter , one quarter , one fourth , one over four 2+ 1/2 two and a half0.3 one point three , o point three , point three , nought point threeo.3333333……… point three recurring5.8676767…….. five point eight six seven , six seven recurring2/3 two thirds of a meter常用数学符号英文读法 (资料来源于网络) 2008-11-24 13:56Fractions 分数通常将分子读为基数,将分母读为序数。
1/2 = a (or one) half 1/3 = a (or one) third 1/4 = a quarter or one fouth 1/5 = a (or one) fifth 2/3 = two thirds 9/10 = nine tenths 53/4 = five and three quarters 15/64= fifteen over (or by) sixty-four 15% = fifteen per cent 4‰= four per millDecimals 小数0.4 = zero (or nought) point four .01 = point (or decimal) nought one 12.34 = twelve point three four 567.809 = five hundred and sixty-seven point eight nought nine 30.45 = thirty point four five, five recurring 0.3% = decimal three percentMathematic Forms 数学式(1) Addition 加法[indent]1+2=3 One and two are three. 2+3=5 Two plus three equals five. 4+0=4 Four and nought is equal to four. 45+70+152=267 45,70 and 152 added are (or make) 267the sum (or total) is 267. [/indent](2)Subtraction 减法[indent]9-4=5 Nine minus four equals (or is equal to) five. 15-7=8 Seven from fifteen leaves eight. 23,654-8,175=15,479 8,175 (take or subtracted) from 23,654 leaves 15,479. The difference (or The remainder) is 15,479. Nine from five won`t go.[/indent](3)Multiplication 乘法[indent]1×0=0 One multiplied by nought equals nought. 1×1=1 Once one is one. 2×1=2 Twice one is two. 3×5=15 Three times five is fifteen 6×0=0 Multiply six by nothing, and the result is nothing.[/indent](4)Division 除法[indent]9÷3=3 Nine divided by three maks (or is equal to)three.20÷5=4 Five into twenty goes four times. 4567÷23=198余13 23 into 4567 goes 198 times, and 13 remainder. The quctient is 198, and 13 remainder.[/indent]Time 时间(1)Hours 钟点[indent]2h.5'8" = two hours five minutes eight seconds 2小时5分8秒6.18 = six eighteen 6时18分8.30 a.m.= eight thirty a.m.['ei 'em] 上午8时30分the 6.05 p.m.train = the six (nought) five p.m.['pi:'em] train 下午6时零5分列车又二十四小时混合制的写法和读法如下:0900 = 0 nine hunderd (上午)9时0910 = 0 nine ten (上午)9时10分1300 = thirteen hundred 13时(下午1时) 1525 = fifteen twenty-five 15时25分(下午3时25分) 2000 = twenty hundred 20时(下午8时) at 5 o'c =at five o'clock 五点钟[/indent](2)Date 日期[indent]Oct.1 =October first 10月1日Oct.1st = October the first 10月1日Ist Oct. 1949 = teh first of October, nineteen forty-nine 1949年10月1日3/5 = [英]May (the) third 5月3日;[美]March fifth 3月5日(3)Year 年份684 B.C. =Six eighty-four B.C. ['bi:'si:] 公元前684年1960 = nineteen sixty; nineteen hundred and sixty 19- nineteen something 1950's nineteen fifties 二十世纪五十年代[/indent]符号的英文读法[indent]period 句号≈is approximately equal to 约等于号, comma 逗号<is less than 小于号:colon 冒号>is more than 大于号;semicolon 分号 B ≮is not less than 不小于号!exclamation 惊叹号≯is not more than 不大于号?question mark 问号≤is less than or equal to 小于或等于号≥is more than or equal to 大于或等于号' apostrophe 省略号;所有格符号%per cent 百分之…- dash 破折号‰per mill 千分之…' ' single quotation marks 单引号∞infinity 无限大号double quotation marks 双引号∝varies as 与…成比例( ) parentheses 圆括号√(square) root 平方根[ ] square brackets 方括号∵since; because 因为《》French quotes 法文引号;书名号∴hence 所以... ellipsis 省略号∷equals, as (proportion) 等于,成比例¨tandem colon 双点号∠angle 角ditto 双点号⌒semicircle 半圆‖parallel 双线号⊙circle 圆/virgule 斜线号○circumference 圆周&ampersand = and πpi 圆周率~swung dash 代字号△triangle 三角形§section; division 分节号⊥perpendicular to 垂直于→arrow 箭号;参见号∪union of 并,合集+plus 加号;正号∩intersection of 交,通集-minus 减号;负号∫the integral of …的积分±plus or minus 正负号( ∑sigma) summation of 总和×is multiplied by 乘号°degree 度÷is divided by 除号′minute 分=is equal to 等于号″second 秒≠is not equal to 不等于号#number …号≡is equivalent to 全等于号℃Celsius system 摄氏度≌ is equal to or approximately equal to 等于或约等于号@at 单价[/indent]幂次方通常用power表示.例如:10的7次方:the seventh power of ten或ten to the seventh power.任何一个数都可以表示成X乘以10的Y次方,即X times the Yth(或根据情况改为nd, rd) power of ten.a的平方: a square or a squared a的立方: a cube or b cubed a的4次方: a to the fourth a的-1次方: a to the minus one log a: common logarithm ln a: natural logarithm f(a): the function of a |a|: the absolute value of a sin: sine cos: cosine tan: tangent ctg: cotangent sec: secant csc: cosecantn!: the factorial of n 公理axiom 定理theorem 计算calculation 运算operation 证明prove 假设hypothesis, hypotheses(pl.)命题proposition 算术arithmetic 加plus(prep.), add(v.), addition(n.) 被加数augend, summand 加数addend 和sum 减 minus(prep.), subtract(v.), subtraction(n.)被减数minuend减数subtrahend 差remainder乘times(prep.), multiply(v.), multiplication(n.)被乘数multiplicand, faciend 乘数multiplicator 积product除 divided by(prep.), divide(v.), division(n.)被除数dividend 除数divisor 商quotient等于 equals, is equal to, is equivalent to大于is greater than 小于is lesser than 大于等于is equal or greater than小于等于is equal or lesser than运算符operator 数字digit 数number 自然数natural number 整数integer 小数decimal 小数点decimal point 分数fraction 分子numerator 分母denominator 比ratio 正positive负negative 零null, zero, nought, nil 十进制decimal system 二进制binary system 十六进制hexadecimal system 权weight, significance 进位carry 截尾truncation 四舍五入round 下舍入round down 上舍入round up 有效数字significant digit 无效数字insignificant digit 代数algebra公式formula, formulae(pl.) 单项式monomial 多项式polynomial, multinomial 系数coefficient 未知数unknown, x-factor, y-factor, z-factor 等式,方程式equation 一次方程simple equation 二次方程quadratic equation 三次方程cubic equation 四次方程quartic equation 不等式inequation 阶乘factorial 对数logarithm 指数,幂exponent乘方power 二次方,平方square 三次方,立方cube四次方the power of four, the fourth powern次方the power of n, the nth power开方evolution, extraction二次方根,平方根square root三次方根,立方根cube root四次方根the root of four, the fourth root n次方根the root of n, the nth root 集合aggregate 元素element 空集void 子集subset 交集intersection并集union 补集complement 映射mapping 函数function 定义域domain, field of definition 值域range 常量constant变量variable 单调性monotonicity 奇偶性parity 周期性periodicity 图象image 数列,级数series 微积分calculus微分differential 导数derivative 极限limit 无穷大infinite(a.) infinity(n.) 无穷小infinitesimal 积分integral 定积分definite integral不定积分indefinite integral 有理数rational number 无理数irrational number 实数real number 虚数imaginary number 复数complex number 矩阵matrix行列式determinant 几何geometry 点point 线line 面plane 体solid 线段segment射线radial 平行parallel 相交intersect 角angle 角度degree 弧度radian 锐角acute angle直角right angle 钝角obtuse angle 平角straight angle 周角perigon 底base 边side 高height三角形triangle 锐角三角形acute triangle 直角三角形right triangle 直角边leg 斜边hypotenuse 勾股定理Pythagorean theorem 钝角三角形obtuse triangle不等边三角形scalene triangle 等腰三角形isosceles triangle 等边三角形equilateral triangle 四边形quadrilateral 平行四边形parallelogram 矩形rectangle 长length宽width 菱形rhomb, rhombus, rhombi(pl.), diamond 正方形square 梯形trapezoid 直角梯形right trapezoid 等腰梯形isosceles trapezoid 五边形pentagon六边形hexagon 七边形heptagon 八边形octagon 九边形enneagon 十边形decagon 十一边形hendecagon 十二边形dodecagon多边形polygon 正多边形equilateral polygon 圆circle 圆心centre(BrE), center(AmE) 半径radius 直径diameter 圆周率pi弧arc 半圆semicircle 扇形sector 环ring 椭圆ellipse 圆周circumference 周长perimeter面积area 轨迹locus, loca(pl.) 相似similar 全等congruent 四面体tetrahedron 五面体pentahedron 六面体hexahedron平行六面体parallelepiped 立方体cube 七面体heptahedron 八面体octahedron 九面体enneahedron 十面体decahedron 十一面体hendecahedron十二面体dodecahedron 二十面体icosahedron 多面体polyhedron 棱锥pyramid 棱柱prism 棱台frustum of a prism 旋转rotation轴axis 圆锥cone 圆柱cylinder 圆台frustum of a cone 球sphere 半球hemisphere 底面undersurface表面积surface area 体积volume 空间space 坐标系coordinates 坐标轴x-axis, y-axis, z-axis 横坐标x-coordinate 纵坐标y-coordinate原点origin 双曲线hyperbola 抛物线parabola 三角trigonometry 正弦sine 余弦cosine 正切tangent余切cotangent 正割secant 余割cosecant 反正弦arc sine 反余弦arc cosine 反正切arc tangent 反余切arc cotangent反正割arc secant 反余割arc cosecant 相位phase 周期period 振幅amplitude 内心incentre(BrE), incenter(AmE) 外心excentre(BrE), excenter(AmE)旁心escentre(BrE), escenter(AmE) 垂心orthocentre(BrE), orthocenter(AmE) 重心barycentre(BrE), barycenter(AmE) 内切圆inscribed circle 外切圆circumcircle 统计statistics 平均数average加权平均数weighted average方差variance标准差root-mean-square deviation, standard deviation比例propotion 百分比percent 百分点percentage 百分位数percentile排列permutation 组合combination 概率,或然率probability 分布distribution 正态分布normal distribution 非正态分布abnormal distribution 图表graph条形统计图bar graph 柱形统计图histogram 折线统计图broken line graph 曲线统计图curve diagram 扇形统计图 pie diagram。
常用的数学符号英文读法一、一般符号对应的英文单词. period 句号, comma 逗号: colon 冒号; semicolon 分号! exclamation 惊叹号? question mark 问号─ hyphen 连字符’ apostrophe 省略号;所有格符号— dash 破折号‘’single quotation marks 单引号“”double quotation marks 双引号( ) parentheses 圆括号[ ] square brackets 方括号《》French quotes 法文引号;书名号... ellipsis 省略号¨ tandem colon 双点号" ditto 同上‖ parallel 平行双线号/ virgule 斜线号& ampersand = and~ swung dash 代字号§ section; division 分节号→ arrow 箭号;参见号+ plus 加号;正号- minus 减号;负号± plus or minus 正负号× is multiplied by or cross 叉乘÷ is divided by 除号= is equal to 等于号≠ is not equal to 不等于号≡ is equivalent to 全等于号≌ is equal to or approximately equal to 等于或约等于号≈ is approximately equal to 约等于号< is less than 小于号> is more than (is greater than在数学中更常用)大于号≮ is not less than不小于号≯ is not more than不大于号≤ is less than or equal to 小于或等于号≥ is more than or equal to 大于或等于号% per cent 百分之…‰ per mill 千分之…∞ infinity 无限大号∝ varies as 与…成比例√ (square) root 平方根∵ since; because 因为∴ hence 所以∷ equals, as (proportion) 等于,成比例∠ angle 角⌒ semicircle 半圆⊙ circle 圆○ circumference 圆周π pi 圆周率△ triangle 三角形⊥ perpendicular to 垂直于;另外normal to,right to也都有垂直的意思。
⼀、⼀般符号对应的英⽂单词 . period 句号 , comma 逗号 : colon 冒号 ; semicolon 分号 ! exclamation 惊叹号 ? question mark 问号 ─ hyphen 连字符 ’ apostrophe 省略号;所有格符号 — dash 破折号 ‘’single quotation marks 单引号 “”double quotation marks 双引号 ( ) parentheses 圆括号 [ ] square brackets ⽅括号 《》French quotes 法⽂引号;书名号 ... ellipsis 省略号 ¨ tandem colon 双点号 " ditto 同上 ‖ parallel 平⾏ / virgule 斜线号 & ampersand = and ~ swung dash 代字号 § section; division 分节号 → arrow 箭号;参见号 + plus 加号;正号 - minus 减号;负号 ± plus or minus 正负号 × is multiplied by or cross 叉乘 ÷ is divided by 除号 = is equal to 等于号 ≠ is not equal to 不等于号 ≡ is equivalent to 全等于号 ≌ is equal to or approximately equal to 等于或约等于号 ≈ is approximately equal to 约等于号 < is less than ⼩于号 > is more than (is greater than在数学中更常⽤)⼤于号 ≮ is not less than 不⼩于号 ≯ is not more than 不⼤于号 ≤ is less than or equal to ⼩于或等于号 ≥ is more than or equal to ⼤于或等于号 % per cent 百分之… ‰ per mill 千分之… ∞ infinity ⽆限⼤号 ∝ varies as 与…成⽐例 √ (square) root 平⽅根 ∵ since; because 因为 ∴ hence 所以 ∷ equals, as (proportion) 等于,成⽐例 ∠ angle ⾓ ⌒ semicircle 半圆 ⊙ circle 圆 ○ circumference 圆周 π pi 圆周率 △ triangle 三⾓形 ⊥ perpendicular to 垂直于;另外normal to,right to也都有垂直的意思。
最全面最标准的数学符号公式的英语读法大全目前国内绝大部分的英语学习,仍然停留在日常交流和一些常识性知识的英语。
我们虽然受过高等教育,但是专业的、学术的英语学习仍然匮乏,我们的课本是中文的、老师用中文授课、我们的知识体系也是中文的。
所以在阅读原版教材、写英文论文、参加国际学术交流等很多时候,会遇到英语瓶颈。
真正能够应用英语来进行知识的学习,工作等,起码需要明白数学中的英语,希望这篇文章能给您带来帮助。
基本数学符号1. 加减乘除"+"当作运算符加号时读作plus,比如:1+2 ➡️ one plus two当"+"放在数字前表示正数时,读作positive,比如:+4 ➡️ positive four同样,“-”也有minus和negative两种读法,分别是减号和负数。
"×" 两种读法都可以,国外的教授会常常读成times,可能因为比较简单吧,比如:9x6 ➡️nine times six“÷”只有一种读法divided by,就是被…分成几份15÷3 ➡️ fifteen is divided by three注意:其中plus和minus是不用第三人称单数形式的,因为plus和minus根本就不是动词,而是介词。
但是乘和除,的的确确是动词,出现第三人称单数的形式。
2. 比较运算符比较运算符用来比较两个表达式的大小关系,比如:1+4>3 ➡️ one plus four is greater than three为什么用is?这里one plus four 是介词plus 连接两个名词,但是one plus four 作为一个整体当作主语,因此不用are,而是is4+5=9 ➡️ four plus five equals nine 或 four plus five is equal to nine 其他的类推,只要你认识数学符号,应该不难用英语说出来。
大写小写英文注音国际音标注音中文注音Αα alpha alfa 阿耳法Ββ beta beta 贝塔Γγ gamma gamma 伽马Γδ deta delta 德耳塔Δε epsilon epsilon 艾普西隆Εδ zeta zeta 截塔Ζε eta eta 艾塔Θζ theta ζita 西塔Ηη iota iota 约塔Κθ kappa kappa 卡帕∧ι lambda lambda 兰姆达Μκ mu miu 缪Νλ nu niu 纽Ξμ xi ksi 可塞Ον omicron omikron 奥密可戎∏π pi pai 派Ρξ rho rou 柔∑ζ sigma sigma 西格马Τη tau tau 套Υυ upsilon jupsilon 衣普西隆Φθ phi fai 斐Φχ chi khai 喜Χψ psi psai 普西Ψω omega omiga 欧米伽+:plus(positive正的)-:minus(negative负的)*:multiplied by÷:divided by=:be equal to≈:be approximately equal to():round brackets(parenthess) parentheses[]:square brackets{}:braces∵:because∴:therefore≤:less than or equal to≥:greater than or equal to∞:infinityLOGnX:logx to the base nxn:the nth power of xf(x):the function of xdx:diffrencial of xx+y:x plus y(a+b):bracket a plus b bracket closeda=b:a equals ba≠b:a isn't equal to ba>b:a is greater than ba>>b:a is much greater than ba≥b: a is greater than or equal to bx→∞:x approches infinityx2:x squarex3:x cube√ ̄x:the square root of x3√ ̄x:the cube root of x3‰:three peimilln∑i=1xi:the summation of x where x goes from 1to nn∏i=1xi:the product of x sub i where igoes from 1to n ∫ab:integral betweens a and b。
英⽂,常⽤数学符号、公式和等式的读法⼀、常⽤数学符号、公式和等式的读法+ 加号,加 plus+ 正号 positive- 减号,减 minus- 负号,负 negetive± 加或减 plus or minus± 正或负 plus or minus2 乘 multiplied by times into÷ 除 divided by: ⽐ proportional to= 等号 equal sign= 等于 to equal,to equals> ⼤于 greater than< ⼩于 less than⼤于等于 greater than or equal⼩于等于less than or equal≡恒等于 identical with≈约等于 approximately equal≌全等于 congruent~等价于 equivalent to;相似于 similar to→趋近于 approaches( ) 括号,括弧 1) parentheses;parenthesis;sign parenthesis圆括号,圆括弧 2) round brackets[ ] ⽅括号1) squre [angular] brackets括号2) brackets{ } 花括号 braces∑ 求和summstion of;sigma从1到n的和 the sum form i equalsone to n;sigma从1到n的积 the product form i equalsone to nx1 +x2+x3+ΛΛ x one x two plus x three,etc(et cetera)a=b 1) a equals to b2) a is equal to b3) a is ba≠b a is not equal to b;a is not ba>b a is greater than baa?b a is greater than or equal to ba?b a is less than or equal to ba≈b a approximately equal (s) ba∝b a varies directly as b;a is (directly) proportional to ba∈A a is member of set AA?B A is contained in B;A is a proper subset of B AIB A intersection B AYB A union{ }或φ empty setimpliesis equivalent to xRy x is in the relation R to y a±b a plus or minus b (a+b)(a-b) a plus b,a minus b(a+b)2 a plus b all squared(a÷b)2 a over b all squaredn! n factorial;factorial na% a persent|a| mod a;modulus ax→∞ x approaches infinity0< x0?x?a zero is less than or equal to x is less than or equal to ac=a.b 1)c equals (is equal to) a multiplied by b2) c equals a times b1:2 the ratio of one to two1/2 a half;one half1/3 a third;one third1/100 a[one] hundredth1/1000 a[one] thousandth0.1(.1) zero point one;nought point one0.01(.01) zero point zero one;nought point nought one3.1416 three point one four one six14. one four point one four,one four recurringa:b the ratio of a to ba:b=c 1) a devided by b equals c2) a devided by b is c3)the ratio of a to b is ca:b=c:d 1) the ratio of a to b equals the ratio of c to d2) a is to b as c is to da+b>c a plus b is greater then ca+b< then b plus>a+b=c a plus b is (are;equals;is equal to) ca-b=c a minus b(b from a) is(equals;is equal to;leaves) c (a,b) a[a,b]a?x?b the closed interval from a to b(a,b) the interval a[a,b] the interval a?xaa?x?b a is less then or equal to x is less then or equal to blogax logarithm (base) of xlnx natural logarithm of xx2 1)x square;x squured2) x to the second power3) x raised to the second power4) the square of x5) the second power of x6) x to the secondx3 1)x cube;x cubed2) x to the third power3) x raised to the third power4) the cube of x5) the third power of x6) x to the thirdx n 1)x to the n-th power2) x raised to the n-th power3) the n-th power of x4) x to the n-thx-n 1) x to the minus n-th2) x to the minus n-th powerradical=b 1) the square root of a is(equals) b 2) the square root out of a is(equals) bthe square root of athe cube root of athe cube rootthe n-th roota′ a primea n 1) a second prime2) a double prime3) a twice dashed;a m 1) a triple prime2) a third primea1 1) a sub one2) a firsta2 1) a sub two2) a seconda m 1) a sub m2) a m-tha'm 1) a prime,sub m2) a sub m,primea'1 a first primea n2 a second, second primey first derivative of ysecond derivative of ydy/dx first derivative of y with respect to xd2y/dx2 second derivative of y with respect to xy=f(x) y is a function of x∫ integral of1) integral of……from a to b2) integral of……between limits a and bcapital L equals the square root of (out of ) capital R square plus minus x squarea to the m by n-th power equals the n-th root of (out of) a to the m-th powerP=∞ p is equal to infinity∟ angle⊥ perpendicular;is perpendicular to∠ parallel;is parallel to△ABC triangje ABCvector Fa bar≌ is congruent to~ is similar tA-1 inverse of matrix A % percent⼆、英语缩写词abs absolute 绝对的absolutely 绝对地A.D Anno Domini 公元ad inf ad infinitum 趋于⽆限ads address 地址agg aggregate 总数、共计al algebra 代数alt altitude ⾼度alternate 交错,交替a.m above-mentioned 上述的a.m. arithmetic mean 算术平均amt amount 数量ans answer 答案、解答、回答AoI and-or-inverter 与或⾮等差数列A.P arithmeticprogressionappl application 应⽤appr approximate 近似、约计appx appendix 附录arg argument ⾃变数,幅⾓arith arithmetic 算术aut automatic ⾃动的aux,auxil auxiliary 辅助的av,avg average 平均Ax Axiom 公理B.C Before Christ 公元前⼆进制编码的⼗进制BCD Binary Coded DecimalBC.O Binary Coded Octal ⼆进制编码的⼋进制℃(c)centigrate 摄⽒度C cubic ⽴⽅的cycle 周centi 厘,百分之⼀ca circa ⼤约CAD Computer-Aided计算机辅助设计Design计算机辅助教学CAI Computer-AidedInstructioncalcd calculated 计算的cat catalog (ue) ⽬录,⼀览表C.C.W Counter-Clockwise 逆时针⽅向c.d centre distance 中⼼距离cf. confer 参看、见、⽐较cg center of gravity 重⼼厘⽶2克2秒(单位)制C.G.S Centimetre Gramme SecondCh. Chapter 章chap chapter 章char character 字符cir circular 圆形的circum circumference 圆周cit cited 引⽤ckt circuit 电路C.l. center-line 中⼼线算术平均法,平均⾼度法C.L.A center line average methodcm centimetre 厘⽶coeff. coefficient 系数com common 公,公共col column ⾏,纵⾏,栏,项⽬,柱comp. compare ⽐较con contra 相反conclusion 结论con.sec conic sections 圆锥曲线const constant 常数construction 作图contcontinued 续,接(contd)Contr. Contracted 省略的Contraction 省略Cor corollary 推论,系cp compare ⽐较ct constant 常数circuit 电路,线路ctr (s) center (s) 中⼼cu (cub) cubic ⽴⽅C.W. clockwise 顺时针⽅向CY cycle 周期,周d degree 度D density 密度diameter 直径date ⽇期D.C. digital computer 数字计算机微分⽅程D.E differentialequationdef(def’n)definition 定义deg degree 度demon demonstrative 求证den density 密度der derivative 导数,微商det detail 详细,细节,详图DF decimal fraction (⼗进)⼩数dia (m) diameter 直径diag diagram 图,图解diff difference 差,不同DIV divide 除Do (d°)ditto 同上,同前,如前所述doub double 加倍,⼆倍,成双的,成倍的DP data processing 数据处理E east 东edit edition 版,版本e.e error expected 允许的误差例如e.g exempligratia=forexampleeq. equal 相等eq (eq’n)equation 等式,⽅程esp. especially 特别et al et alii 及其他et alibi 及别处etc et cetera 等等et seq et sequentia 及以下等等ex (s) example(s) 例exercise 练习,习题extra 特别的ext external 外部的exterior 在外f frequency 频率fig figure 图,图形fn function 函数,功能FQCY frequency 频率fxd fixed 固定的,不变的g(gm) gramme 克GA general average 平均值最⼤公约数G.C.D greatest commondivisorG.C.F greatest commonfactor最⼤公约数G.C.M greatest commonmeasuregeom. geometry ⼏何学G.P geometrical等⽐数列,⼏何数列progressiongr(grm) gram 克h hour ⼩时height ⾼,⾼度H.C.F. highest common最⾼公因式,最⼤公约数factorhf half 半hor horizontal ⽔平的hr hour ⼩时hyp hypothesis 假设ib (ibid) ibidem 在同处(书,⽂献等出处) id idem 同前,同上,同作者,同样iden identical 恒等,全等i.e id est=that is 即,就是,换⾔之ig idem quod 如同ih inverted hour 逆(反)时针的im image 图像inc increase 增加ind index 索引,指标,刻度indef indefinite ⽆限,不定in.ex in extenso 全部inf infinity ⽆穷⼤,⽆限⼤infra 上、下限inh inverted hour 逆(反)时针的int interior 内部的,在内int.al inter alia 尤其I/O input/output 输⼊/输出信息技术IT informationinformation信息论theory独⽴变数IV independentvariableJ journal 期刊,杂志jour journal 期刊,杂志kg kilogram 千克km kilometer 千克l length 长度l.c loco citato 上述引⽂中最⼩公倍数(式)L.C.M. least commonmultipleLowest common multiple 最低公倍式Lgth length 长度l.h left hand 左⽅,左侧lim limit 极限lin linear 直线的,⼀次的,线性的lit liter (公)升loc location 位置loc.cit loco citato 上述引⽂中最低(数)位,最右(数)位ISD least significantdigitM mega 兆(106)mille 千M(m) medium 中间,中等m metre ⽶milli 毫(10-3)million 兆(106)minute 分钟µ(mu) micro 微(10-6)mae mean absoluteerrormag magnitude 量,⼤⼩math mathematical 数学的mathematics 数学max maximum 最⼤,最⼤值min minimum 最⼩,最⼩值minute 分钟mo (s) month(s) ⽉mon monthly ⽉刊MS mean square 均⽅n net 净N number 数,编号,第…号North 北Northern 北⽅的n.a.s.c necessary andsufficient condition 充要条件,充分且必要的条件N.B nota bene= note 注意wellneg negative 负的Net network ⽹络No(s) number(s) 数,编号,第…号nr near 在…附近常微分⽅程O.D.E. ordinarydifferentialequationopp opposed 相反的,对⾯ord ordinary 普通的,通常的p page 页PAR parallel 平⾏的,平⾏线,并联的par paragraph 节,段P.C. per cent 百分⽐pcs pieces 个,件,份P.D.E partialdifferentialequationPERT programevaluation andreview techniques 计划评审技术(统筹⽅法)ph phase 相位,相pos positive 正的pp pages 负(复数)p.p proportional part ⽐例部分Pr pair 偶,对pr(pri,pry) primary 初级,最初的prep perpendicular 垂直,正交proc proceeding 学报,会刊ps pseudo 伪,假pt(s) part(s) 部分p.t.o please turn over 请见(本页的)反⾯,请翻到下页q question 问题q.e quod est 这就是,即Q.E D quod erat证毕,证完,这就是所要证的,所求证者demonstrandum w.r.t with respect to 关于,相对于。
Mathematics Symbols and Their English Explanations1/2 a half or one half 1/3 a third or one third 2/3 two third1/4 a quarter or one quarter; a fourth or one fourth 1/10 a tenth or one tenth 1/100 a [one] hundredth 1/1000 a [one] thousandth1/1234 one over a thousand two hundred and thirty-four 3/4 three fourths or three quarters 4/5 three fifths or four over five113/300 one hundred and thirteen over three hundred212 two and a half 872 two and seven over eight or two and seven eighths 813 three and one eighth 314 four and a third 43125 a [one] hundred twenty-five and three fourths [quarters]0.1(or .1) 0 point one or zero point one or nought point one0.01(or .01) 0 point 0 one or zero point zero one or nougth point noughtone0.25(or .25) nougth point two five or point two five 0.045 decimal [point] nought four five 2.35 two point three five4.9four point nine recurring 3.0362three point nought three two six , two six recurring 45.67 four five [forth-five] point six seven38.72 three eight point seven two or thirty-eight decimal seven two0.001(or .001) 0 point 0 0 one nought point nought nought one or zero pointzero zero one or point nought nought one+ plus; positive_ minus; negative±plus or minus⨯(or.) multiplied by ; times÷(or/) divided by= is equal to ; equals≡is identically equal to≈(or≅;Ω;=) is approximately equal to ; approximately equals≡identical with= or ≠not equal to→or= approaches< less thangreater than<< much less than>> much grater than≤equal to or less than≥equal to or greater than( ) round brackets; parentheses[ ] square brackets[ ] angular brackets{ } braces⋂intersection⋃union∈is member of set⊂is a subset of~ similar to ; difference* denotes an operation⇔is equivalent to⇒implies{ }or∅empty set→maps into∴thereforebecause: ratio sign, divided by, is to:: equals, as (proportion)∝varies as∞infinitysquare root of3cube root of║ parallel to。
degrees, minutes” seconds∠angleAB length of line from A to BA⨯B vector product of A and B; magnitude of A times magnitudeof B times sine of the angle from A to B; AB sin ABA B∙scalar product of A to B ; magnitude of A times magnitudeof B times cosine of the angle form A to B ;AB cos ABI or j imaginary or square root of -1ωor 2ωthe imaginary cube roots of 1πpi ; the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter,approx.3.14159e or ε①the base of natural logarithms, approx.2.71828② the eccentricity of a conic section x ! or x factorial xn log x log x to the base n10log x or lg x log x to the base 10 (common logarithm)e log x or ln x log x to the base (natural logarithm or Naperian logarithm ) M modulus of common logarithms 10log e = 0.4343, (10log x =e log x ⨯0.4343)1-M e l o g 10 = 2.3026, (e log x = 10log x ⨯ 2.3026)n x x x.x …to n factors, the nth power of x, x to the power nnx or n x 1the nth root of x,x to the power one over n thX → a x approaches the limit aθ (the angle between the radius vector and the polar axis) theangle theta∑ sigma∏ the product of the terms indicatedx the absolute value of xx the mean value of x ; x barb ' b primeb '' b double prime ; b second prime b ''' b triple prime1b b sub one2b b sub twom b b sub mxx dot ,first derivative of x with respect to time xx two dot , second derivative of x with respect to timeexp x = x e (e = naperian log base )(abbreviation for x e )nmb b double prime sub m f or F functionf(x );F(x );∅(x )… function f(or ∅) of x y = f(x) y is a function of x∆ ( finite difference or increment) deltax ∆orσx (the increment of x ) delta xx d (an increment of x considered as tending to zero ) dee of x ; dee x ; differential of xyxd d or xy D the differential coefficient of y with respect to x the first derivative of y with respect to x2yd /2x d the second derivative of y with respect x ; n yd /n x d the nth derivative of y with respect x y ∂/u ∂ the partial derivative of y with respect u ,uwhere y is a function of u and another variable (orvariables)F '(x) the first derivative of function F of x with respect to x∇ i ∂/x ∂+j ∂/y ∂+k ∂/z ∂ del ; nabla; vector differentialoperator∇n nth del (nabla)ι Laplacian operator4! Factorial =1432⨯⨯⨯⎰ line integral around a closed path ⎰integral⎰abintegral between limits a and bF vector Fx+y x plus y(a+b) bracket a plus b bracket closeda =b a equal b ; a is equal to b ; a is ba ≠b a is not equal b ; a is not ba±b a plus or minus ba≈b a is approximately equal to ba>b a is greater than ba>>b a is much [far] greater than ba≥b a is greater than or equal to ba b a is not greater than ba<b a is less than ba<<b a is much less than ba b≤a is less than or equal to ba ba is not less than ba b⊥a is perpendicular to bx=∞x approaches infinitya b≡ a is identically equal to b ; a is of identity∠angle aaa‖b a is parallel to ba∽b the difference between a and ba b∝a varies directly as b11⨯=1 one one is one⨯=4 twice two is four22⨯=30 six times [multiplied by] five equals [is equal to; are; 65makes ; make] thirty⨯thirty is five times as large as six30=65s=vt s equals [is equal to] v multiplied by t;s equals v times t 1:2 the ratio of one to two123÷=4 12 divided by 3 equals [is] 420:5=16:4 the ratio of 20 to 5 equals the ratio of 16 to 4 ; 20 is to 5as 16 is to 4a:b :: c:d a is to b as c is to da+b=c a plus b is [are; equals; is equal to] cc-b=a c minus b is [equals; is equal to] a ; b from c leaves av=tsv equals s divided by t ; c is s over t 7+3<12 7 plus 3 is less than 12 12>7+3 12 is greater than 7 plus 372-16=56 72 minus 16 is [equals; is equal to] 56; 16 from 72leaves 562x x square ; x squared; the square of x ; the second powerof x ; x to the second power25=25 the second power of 5 is 25 ; 5 square is 25 ; 5 to thesecond power is equal to 253y y cube ; y cubed ;the cube of y ; y to the third power ; yto the third10-y y to the minus tenth(power)4=2± the square root of 4 is [equals] plus or minus 23a the cube root of a52x the fifth root of x square518 the square root of five hundred and eighteen3930 the cube root of nine hundred and thirty3x=5 three times x equals 53x /5=2y x to the third power divided by five equals ysquared2x +2y =10 x squared with y squared equals 10a=tVV t - a equals v sub t minus v over [divided by] t (a+b-c f e d =÷⨯) a plus b minus c multiplied by d , all divided by eequals f(8+6212)468.385÷⨯- eight plus six and five-eighths minus three decimal[point] six eight multiplied by four, all divided by two and a half456719823=÷余13 23 into 4567 goes 198 times, and 13 remainder 45+70+152=267 45,70 and 152 added together are 267 % per cent 2% two per cent000 per mille5000 five per mille83% three eighths (of one)per cent 0.3% point three per cent21ton half ton 32ton tow third of a ton 43km three quarters of a kilometer 1.75km one point seven five kilometer 60hr m i sixty miles per hour 20C 0 twenty degrees6' ① 6 minutes ② 6 feet 01'' ① 10 seconds ② 10 inches0C 0 zero degree Centigrade [Celsius]100C 0 one [a] hundred degrees centigrade 32F 0 thirty-two degrees FahrenheitSet theory, relations, functionsX , Y Setx X ∈ x is a member of the set X x X ∉ x is not a member of X A X A X ⊆⊂, Set A is contained in set XX A X A ⊆⊄, A is not contained in X Y X Y X +⋃, Union of sets X and Y Y X Y X .,⋂ Intersection of sets X and Y+,+,O Symmetric difference of sets∑⋃xi Xi , Union of all the sets Xxi Xi ∏⋂, Intersection of all the sets X,0,φ∧ Null set , empty setCX CX X ,,' Complement of the set XX-Y , X\Y Difference of sets X and Y)}(:{)},({)),((^x P x x P x x p x The set of all x with the property p(x , y , z), ( x, y, z) Ordered set of elements x , y, and z; to bedistinguished from (x, y, z), for example( x, y, z) Unordered set, the set whose elements are x, y,z, and no others{ ,...,,21a a },{i a } i=1,2...,n 1}{=i n i aThe set whose members are i a , where i isany whole number from 1 to n{ ,...,21a a },{i a } i=1,2...,∞=1}{i i aThe set whose members are i a , where i is anypositive whole numberY X ⨯ Cartesian product, set of all (x , y) such thatY y X x ∈∈,I i a i ∈}{ The set whose elements are a , where I i ∈ Xry ,R {x , y} Relation,,≅≡∽,≈ Equivalence relations, for example, congrucnce≥,≧,>,>>,≦,≤,< Transitive relations, for example, numerical orderf : X f Y f Y X y X Y X ∈→−→−→,,,Function, mapping, transformationY X f f f −→−---111,, Inverse mapping g 。