paraphrase集训

学习-----好资料Unit11. Virtue is ... self-centered.Key: By right action, we mean it must help promote personal interest. 2.... (Poverty) was a product of their excessive fecundity...Key: The poverty of the poor was caused by their having too many children.3. ...the rich were not responsible for either its creation or its amelioration.Key: The rich were not to blame for the existence of poverty so they should not be asked to undertake the task of solving the problem.4. It is merely the working out of a law of nature and a law of God.Key: It is only the result or effect of the law of the survival of the fittest applied to nature of to human society.5. It declined in popularity, and references to its acquired a condemnatory tone.Key: People began to reject Social Darwinism because it seemed to glorify brutal force and oppose treasured values of sympathy, love and friendship. Therefore, when it was mentioned, it was usually the target of criticism.6. ...the search for a way of getting the poor off our conscience was not at an end; it was only suspended.Key: The desire to find a way to justify the unconcern for the poor had not been abandoned; it had only been put off.7. ...only rarely given to overpaying for monkey wrenches, flashlights, coffee makers, and toilet seats.Key: Government officials, on the whole, are good; it is very rare that somewould pay high prices for office equipment to get kickbacks.8. This is perhaps our most highly influential piece of fiction.It is a very popular story and has been accepted by many but it is not true.9. Belief can be the servant of truth---but even more of convenience.Key: Belief can be useful in the search for truth, but more often than not it is accepted because it is convenient and self-serving.10. George Gilder... Who tells to much applause that the poor must have the cruel spur of their own suffering to ensure effort...Key: George Gilder advances the view that only when the poor suffer fromgreat misery will they be stimulated to make great efforts to change the situation, in other words, suffering is necessary to force the poor to work hard.Unit21. But these marks of wild country called to may father like the legendary siren song.Key: Though the place was not pleasant or disagreeable, my father was deeply attracted to it precisely because of its unexplored, uncultivated natural state, and the challenge.2. I'm afraid the day's going to catch us, I explained, wondering what great disaster might befall us if it did.Key: As a little girl, I believed my father's words, and was genuinely afraid of the possible disaster--if we didn't hurry up, the day would catch us and terriblethings might happen.3. ...from time to time he was halfheartedly sought for trial, though few crimes更多精品文档．学习-----好资料seemed to lead directly to his door.Key: In this place, though the police wound make some effort without real earnest to investigate Watson and bring him to court, there seemed to be little concrete evidence to prove that he was responsible for certain illegal activities.4. The stranglehold Watson had over this section of Florida was not dissimilar to the unscrupulous activities of certain lawmen, other legal crooks, and even governors that our state was to suffer through its history.Key: The control Watson had over this part of Florida was much similar tothe dishonest or illegal activities of the law-enforcing officials and governors which Florida witnessed in the 20th century.5. There was the little shack, not the most gracious of living quarters, and there was a murderer for our nearest and only neighbor, about thirty miles away.Key: Before the family built their own house, they lived in a shabby cabinat Gopher Key, close to the merciless Watson.6. King Richard in his gluttony never sat at a table more sumptuous than ours was three times a day...Key: We had abundant food on the island, and even the meals enjoyed by King Richard, who was famous for his love of food, couldn't possibly compare with ours.7. Despite the unrelenting heat, we were happy to be let off from our hours of school indoors, sessions which our mother kept every day, rain or shine.Key: Although it was very hot outside in the sun, we were happy to be dismissed from my mother's sessions indoors. we would have to read and write with her every day no matter what the weather was like.Unit31…. Even droughts, floods and heat waves may become unwitting acts of man.Key: What people do may unintentionally cause droughts, floods and heat waves.2. But this image, now repeatedly thrust before us in photographs, posters, and advertisements, is misleading.Key: The Earth we see in photos, posters, and ads, which appears so beautiful, is not the true reflection of the world we live in, such image lulls us into complacency.3. The technosphere has become sufficiently large and intense to alter the natural processes that govern the ecosphere.Key: Human activities have taken place over such large areas and with such intensity that they have already caused disastrous effects on ecology.4. ...which could establish itself only because it fitted properly into the preexisting system.Key: the fish could play its role because it became a necessary link with the processes preceding it and the processes following it in the ecological system.5. Defined so narrowly, it is no surprise that cars have properties that are hostile to their environment.Key: When cars are produced to serve such narrow purposes, it is not surprising that some of their characteristic qualities are harmful to the environment.6. Yields rose, but not in proportion to the rate of fertilizer application...Key: the farmer applied more and more fertilizer, and the production did rise更多精品文档．学习-----好资料but did not increase at the same rate of the fertilizer.7...their waste is flushed into the sewer system altered in composition but not in amount at treatment plant...Key: People eat plants and animals, and their waste is flushed into the sewer system. After being processed, the waste is still waste. the residue will go into rivers, oceans, and will have harmful effect on the aquatic ecosystem.8. Left to their own devices, ecosystems are conservative...Key: If the ecosystems are not upset by outside intrusion, they will remain the same with very little change9. In contrast to the ecosphere, the technosphere is composed of objects and materials that reflect a rapid and relentless process of change and variation.Key: The characteristics of the objects and materials in the technosphere are rapid change and great variety.10. But this is done only at the cost of understanding.Key: if we take side in the war of the two words, we are doing so at the risk of failing to have a clear understanding of the nature and cause of the war, thus, we lose the chance to really solve the grave environmental crisis.Unit 4 Nettles1. How all my own territory would be altered, ad if a landslide had gone through it and skimmed off all meaning except loss of Mike.Key: The impact of Mike's leaving on my life was beyond my imagination. I didn't expect that Mike's leaving would have such a tremendous power that it would change the meaning of my existence completely. All my thoughts were about loss of Mike.2. During that time of life that is supposed to be a reproductive daze, with the woman's mind all swamped by maternal juices, we were still compelled to discuss Simone de Beauvoir and Arthur Koestler and The Cocktail Party.Key: At that time, we were young mothers, and we were supposed to lead a terribly busy life full of confusion and bewilderment caused by giving birth to and raising babies. and our minds were supposed to be fully occupied by how to feed the babies and things like that. However, in the midst of all this we still felt the need to discuss some of the important thinkers of our time like Simone de Beauvoir and Arthur Koestler and T. S. Eliot's sophisticated work The Cocktail Party.3. ...I would be frightened, not of any hostility but of a kind of nonexistence.Key: I would be frightened, and my fear was not caused by my neighbor's visibly hostile and violent way of life, but by a kind of formless and hidden emptiness and meaninglessness of human existence. What happened around me was totally irrelevant to me, and I felt very isolated and alienated.4. She did not ask me---was it delicacy or disapproval? ---about my new life.Key: She did not ask me about my new life, either out of subtle consideration for my feeling about this sensitive subject or out of disapproval for my new life style.5. It would be a sleazy thing to do, in the house of his friends.Key: It would be a morally low thing, an indecent thing to commit infidelity in the house of a friend.更多精品文档．学习-----好资料6. I knew now that he was a person who had hit rock bottom.Key: I knew that he was a person who had experienced the worst in life, the hardest experience a person might have to endure.7. He and wife knew that together and it bound them, as something like that would either break you apart or bind you, for life.Key: They experienced the worst together and they knew what it was like and understood the meaning of that experience. Such an experience posed the gravest test to people. If they stood the test, their friendship or marriage would be strengthened, and a sacred bondage would be formed between them. But if they failed the test, their relationship would be broken and they would be driven apart.8. Not risking a thing yet staying alive as a sweet trickle, an underground resource. With the weight of this now stillness on it, this seal.Key: If they acted on love, they would take risks. they wouldn't do that or go further in their relationship, but they would rather let their love remain as a sweet trickle, which would flow on gently and permanently, and as an underground resource, which would never be fully tapped but would never go dry.Unit 81、But garages and cotton gins had encroached and obliterated even the august names of that neighborhood.1.The street used to be house only the best families. But then great changes took place: garages and cotton gins were established on the street and their existence wiped out the aristocratic traces in that neighborhood .2、Not that Miss Emily would have accepted charity.2.It would not be true to say that miss Emily would have accepted charity.3、“Just as if a man ---any man ---could keep a kitchen properly,”the lady said........3.What the ladies said meant that they did not in the least believe a man, any man, could keep a kitchen properly.4、It was another link between the gross, teeming world and the high and mighty Griersons.4.The Griersons regarded themselves as very important and the outside world as vulgar and full of people inferior to them. They belonged to two entirely different worlds. However, the complaints about the smell served as a link between two different worlds and compelled Miss Emily to deal with the outside world.5、The nest day he received two more complaints,one from a man who came in diffident deprecation.5.The next day the mayor received two more complaints. One of them was from aman who came and pleaded to the mayor in a shy and timid way.6、People in our town,remembering how old lady Wyatt,her great--aunt,had gone completely crazy at last,believed that the Griersons held themselves a little too high for what they really were.6.People in the town felt that Miss Emily's great-aunt, old lady wyatt, had gone crazy had to do with this blind, excessive self-importance.7、Now she too would know the old thrill and the old despair of a penny more or less.更多精品文档．学习-----好资料7.Ordinary people often become excited or worried when they get a penny more or a penny less. Being poor, now she would learn to appreciate the value of money like other people in then town.8、But there were still others,older people, who said that even grief could not causea teal lady to forger noblesse oblige---without calling it noblesse oblige.8.But there were still others, older people, who said that no matter how sad Miss Emily was (over her father' death ),she should not forget she had certain obligation as a member of the nobility, though a real lady would not describe her self-restraint by the expression noblesse oblige.9、We were glad because the two female cousins were even more Grierson than Miss Emily had ever been.9.We were glad because the two cousins were even more stubborn and self-important than Miss Emily.10、.......and the very old men........confusing time with its mathematical progression,as the old do,to whom all the past is not a diminishing road but,instead,a huge meadow which no winter ever quite touches,divided from them now by the narrow bottle--neck of the most recent decade of years.10.And the very old man confused the dates and years of past happenings. To the old people, all the past should be like a road that becomes smaller and smaller as it reaches further back. But to those old southerners, the recent past ten years or so was like a bottleneck, a narrow passage, or a tunnel. Beyond that narrow passage, the remote past because a huge level meadow where things were pleasantly and fondly mixed up together. Like the green grass on the meadow never touched by the winter, their memories of the remote past remained blurred, sweet, romanticized, and unchanged.Lesson 91 Perhaps because they don't have hometowns, just places where they were born. But these girls soak up the juice of their hometowns, and it never leaves them.Key: This is perhaps because they only have places of birth, but not places where they feel at home and which they identify themselves with. But these girls are strongly influenced by their hometown, and the influence stays with them forever even after they leave their hometown.2 Wherever it erupts, this Funk, they wipe it away; where it crusts, they dissolve it; wherever it drips, flowers, or clings, they find it and fight it until it dies.Key: The brown girls try hard to repress their emotions and passions. However, these natural human emotions cannot be wiped out totally. Sometimes they will emerge and burst out. And they will develop, become stronger and stay with them. So wherever and whenever this funk bursts out, the brown girls will do their best to stifle it.3 As long as his needs were physical, she could meet them-comfort and satiety. Key: If his needs were physical, she could meet them. She could make him comfortable and give him enough or even more than enough to satisfy his physical needs.4 She had seen this little girl all of her life.更多精品文档．学习-----好资料Key: Geraldine had seen black girls like Pecola at many places and many times in the past.5 Eyes that questioned nothing and asked everything.Key: On the one hand, they (girls like Pecola) were ignorant and uncomprehending. They did not ask question why their lives were so miserable. On the hand, as they were poverty-stricken and practically had nothing, their eyes revealed their desire for anything that could make their lives easier.6 The end of the world lay in their eyes, and the beginning, and all the waste in between.Key: In the eyes of these girls one can see that they were in despair, without any hope for the future, and that their life was nothing but a waste.7 The girls grew up knowing nothing of girdles, and the boys announced their manhood by turning the bills of their caps backward.Key: As the girls were growing into young women, they had never worn girdles to make their figure look slimmer, and thus more elegant; and when the boys grew up, they just began to wear their caps with the bills turned backward to indicate that they had become adults.Unit 121、2、So I ordered Easter lamb in the certainty of knowing I would ger;and it was so. 1.2.I knew that Easter lamb was tasty so asked for a portion and the roast lamb was really good.2、They say you cannot drink of Greek water without getting typhus,but I did.3.People say that water in Greece is seriously contaminated and if you drink such water, you are most likely to get typhus. I drank Greek water but I did not get typhus. 3、4、.......(she) had an odd knack of encouraging cities which ought to bow to the King of to do the same.4.She had a clever and unusual way of persuading other city-states to follow her example and refuse to surrender to the advancing Persian army.4、5、Athens was shinning Athens, the Athens of history,shinning in the mind.5.The author is referring to the important role of Athens in history, the brilliant culture Athens stood for, and the great thinkers Athens produced.5、6、.........who watched one another as much aas they watched the enemy.6.These troops were not united. They were suspicious of each other 's willingness to fight and guarded against one another just as they guarded against the invading army.6、Nature has not done her best here for the story of that battle.7.The physical feature of the place is not imposing. Such a setting does not match the significance of the battle.7、If you go to the Hot Gates,take some historical knowledge and your imagination with you.更多精品文档．学习-----好资料8.9.When you visit the Hot Gates, the place does not seem to be a likely site for such a historic event. In order to reconstruct the scene of 2500 years ago, you need imagination and knowledge of history.8、The men in the pass would not recognize the obvious.10.11.The Greek soldiers holding the past refused to admit defeat the vast numbers facing them.9、10、If I could climb cliffs less easily now,it was possible that I could understand war better.12.13.I was no longer so young and energetic as I had been twenty years ago so i might not be able to climb cliffs easily. But i might have an advantage which i could not have had twenty years ago. That is, i took part in the WWII and i knew what war was like and what war meant. My understanding of the war 2,500 years ago might be deeper.10、11、A little of Leonidas lies in the fact that I can go where I like and write what I like.14.The freedom enjoyed in England and other Western countries might not have developed if the Persians had won, thereby subjecting Greece to the domination of a large despotic empire whose value were not those which led to the development of the west.更多精品文档．。

转塔冲培训计划一、培训目的转塔冲是一项具有挑战性的体育项目，需要运动员具备良好的身体素质和技术功底。

本次培训旨在帮助运动员提高训练水平，增强技术能力，提高竞技水平，为未来比赛取得更好的成绩做好准备。

二、培训对象本次培训主要针对转塔冲项目的运动员，包括青少年、业余选手和专业选手。

三、培训内容1. 基础运动训练- 强化体能训练：力量、爆发力、耐力、柔韧性等- 速度训练：提高奔跑速度和反应速度- 灵敏度训练：增强身体的协调性和反应能力2. 技术训练- 跳越技巧：掌握正确的起跳姿势和着地动作- 转体动作：学习各种转体动作的基本要领- 冲刺技术：提高爆发力和冲刺速度3. 竞技训练- 实战演练：模拟比赛场景，提高运动员的比赛经验和心理素质- 技术对抗：与其他运动员进行对抗训练，培养竞争意识和应变能力- 战术布局：针对不同对手的战术策略，提高比赛胜算四、培训计划本次培训为期两个月，每周安排5天训练，每天4小时，具体的培训计划安排如下：周一至周五：08:00-09:00：身体素质训练09:00-10:00：技术训练10:00-10:30：休息10:30-11:30：竞技训练11:30-12:00：总结反思周六：08:00-10:00：模拟比赛训练10:00-10:30：休息10:30-12:00：战术分析讨论周日：休息五、培训方法1. 系统讲解：通过专业教练的讲解和示范，帮助运动员理解转塔冲的基本要领和技术要点。

2. 实战演练：在实际训练中模拟比赛场景，提高运动员的竞技能力和心理素质。

3. 对抗训练：与其他运动员进行对抗训练，培养竞争意识和团队合作能力。

4. 个性指导：针对不同运动员的特点和问题，提供个性化的指导和辅导。

六、培训评估1. 技术考核：在培训结束时举行技术考核，对运动员的转塔冲技术进行评估。

2. 模拟比赛：安排一次模拟比赛，检验运动员在实战中的表现和应变能力。

3. 训练成绩：结合平时的训练成绩和表现，对运动员的整体成长做出评估和总结。

paraphrase的常见方法一、什么是paraphrase。

1.1 Paraphrase呢，简单来说，就是用自己的话把别人的话重新表述一遍。

这就好比把旧衣服重新裁剪、缝制成新款式，但布料还是那些布料。

比如说“小明跑得像风一样快”，你可以paraphrase成“小明跑得特别快，就跟一阵风似的”。

1.2 这可不是简单的文字游戏，它在很多地方都非常有用。

不管是写论文、做翻译，还是日常的交流中想要解释清楚某个复杂的说法，paraphrase都能派上大用场。

二、常见的paraphrase方法。

2.1 变换词汇。

2.1.1 这是最基本的一招。

就像我们平时说话，同一个意思可以用好几个词来表达。

比如说“美丽”这个词，你可以换成“漂亮”“好看”“迷人”之类的。

要是原句是“那个女孩很美丽”，你就可以paraphrase成“那个女孩相当迷人”。

这就像是给句子里的词来了个“大换血”，但意思不变。

2.1.2 还有一些同义词替换比较复杂，需要多积累。

像“思考”这个词，除了“想”，还有“思索”“考虑”“沉思”等。

你得像个词汇小达人一样，把这些同义词都装进自己的口袋里，想用的时候就拿出来。

2.2 改变句式结构。

2.2.1 有时候，把句子的结构变一变，就能达到paraphrase的效果。

比如“我把作业做完了”，这是个“把”字句，你可以改成“作业被我做完了”这种“被”字句。

这就像把屋子里的家具换个摆放位置，屋子还是那个屋子，但是看起来就有点不一样了。

2.2.2 再比如说长句子，我们可以把它拆分成几个短句子。

像“今天天气很好，我打算出去散步，因为我觉得在这样的好天气里散步是一件非常惬意的事情”，可以paraphrase成“今天天气不错。

我想出去散步。

我觉得这种好天气散步很惬意。

”这就好比把一大团毛线拆成几小团，虽然分开了，但还是那些毛线。

2.3 增减内容。

2.3.1 增加一些解释或者描述的内容。

比如说“他很生气”，你可以paraphrase 成“他气得脸都红了，眼睛瞪得大大的，就像一只愤怒的公牛”。

WordsLesson One Face to Face with Hurricane Camile词汇:lash (v.): move quickly or violently猛烈冲击;拍打pummel (n.): beat or hit with repeated blows,esp．with the fist(尤指用拳头)连续地打course (n.): a way of behaving;mode 0f conduct行为;品行;做法demolish (v.): pull down．tear down,or smash to pieces (a building,etc．),destroy:ruin拉倒;打碎;拆毁;破坏;毁灭motel (n.):a hotel intended primarily for those traveling by car, usually with direct access from each room to an area for cars汽车游客旅馆gruff (adj.): rough or surly in manner or speech;harsh and throaty;hoarse粗暴的,粗鲁的;粗哑的。

嘶哑的batten (n.): fasten with battens用压条钉住(或固定)mattress (n.): a casing of strong cloth or other fabric filled with cotton,hair,foam rubber,etc．床垫;褥子pane (n.):a single division of a window,etc.,consisting of a sheet of glass in a frame;such a sheet of glass窗格;窗玻璃disintegrate (v.): separate into parts or fragments; break up;disunite 分裂,分解,裂成碎块douse (n.): plunge or thrust suddenly into liquid;drench; pour liquid over把…浸入液体里;使浸透;brigade (n.): a group of people organized to function. unit in some work(组织起来执行某种任务的)队ferocity (n.): wild force or cruelty;ferociousness凶猛;凶恶,残忍;暴行swipe (n.):a hard,sweeping blow[口]猛击,重击maroon (av.): leave abandoned,isolated,or helpless使处于孤立无援的处境devastate (nv.): destroy;lay waste;make desolate毁坏,摧毁;使荒芜swath (n.): the space or width covered with one cut of a scythe or other mowing device刈幅(挥动镰刀所及面积)huddle (v.): crowd,push,or nestle close together。

Paraphrase集训A: 1. Snow forced many drivers to give up their vehicles.Snow forced many drivers to ____________ their vehicles.2. To be a professional athlete, one should work hard and has a gift for sports.It takes hard work and natural ____________ to make it as a professional athlete.To be a professional athlete, one should be hard-working and ____________ for sports.3. Life here is peaceful as normal. However, all the shops are closed all of a sudden today with no sign. It is ____________ for the shops to be closed suddenly today.4. I think we should get rid of such regulations.I think such regulations should be ____________.5. There's no need to be so unfriendly towards them.It’s unnecessary for us to be so ____________ with them.6. The decision was made while I was not there.The decision was made in my ____________.7. This country is abundant in natural resources.The country has an ____________ of natural resources.8. She regards her authority as a tool to put other people at her command.She is continually ____________ her authority by getting other people to do things for her.9. I was only average in terms of study, but was good at sports.I was only average ____________, but was good at sports.10. Exposure to the sun can speed up the ageing process.Exposure to the sun can ____________ the ageing process.11. She didn’t reject your explanation as to why you didn't attend the meeting.She has ____________ your explanation as to why you didn't attend the meeting.12. Only 40% of 5-year-olds can enjoy pre-school education.Only 40% of 5-year-olds have ____________ to pre-school education.13. I happened to find her letter as I was looking through my files.I found her letter by ____________/____________ as I was looking through my files.14. Universities have to build houses to accommodate r first-year students.Universities have to provide student ____________ for first-year students.15. Wherever her husband went, she would keep him company.Wherever her husband went, she would ____________ him.16. During her visit, she not only grasped necessary skills, but also strengthen the social bond.She ____________ such a lot during her visit.17. Your salary depends on the amount of work you do.You will be paid ____________ to the amount of work you do.18. The increase in carbon dioxide emissions may be the reason for changes in the climate.The increase in carbon dioxide emissions may ____________ for changes in the climate.The increase in carbon dioxide emissions may be ____________ for changes in the climate.The increase in carbon dioxide emissions may l____________ to changes in the climate.19. Her fortune began to build up because she invested wisely.By investing wisely she ____________ a fortune.The ____________ of her fortune results from her wise investment.20. Great care is taken to ensure that the research data is accurate.Great care is taken to ensure the ____________ of research data.B: 1. Gradually, she has accepted the place and like it from the bottom of her heart.She had developed quite an for the place.2. He listened to them with an amused interest on purpose, so people would take it for granted that he was attracted by their performance.He listened to them, an amused interest.3. Life here is peaceful as normal. However, all the shops are closed all of a sudden today with no sign. It is for the shops to be closed suddenly today.4. I think we should get rid of such regulations.I think such regulations should be .5. Their aircraft has an advantage over those used by the US.Their aircraft were in of those used by the US.6. She is wealthy and beautiful, which has become the envy of her friends. But she wasn’t happy. Despite the twin of wealth and beauty, she did not have a happy life.7. It makes sense to apply for other jobs, but if I were you, I would keep it to myself at work.There's no harm in applying for other jobs, but if I were you, I wouldn't the fact at work.8. She regards her authority as a tool to put other people at her command.She is continually her authority by getting other people to do things for her.9. I was only average in terms of study, but was good at sports.I was only average , but was good at sports.10. Exposure to the sun can speed up the aging process.Exposure to the sun can the aging process.11. She didn’t reject your explanation as to why you didn't attend the meeting.She has your explanation as to why you didn't attend the meeting.12. Only 40% of 5-year-olds can enjoy pre-school education.Only 40% of 5-year-olds have to pre-school education.13. I happened to find her letter as I was looking through my files.I found her letter by as I was looking through my files.14. Universities have to build houses to accommodate first-year students.Universities have to provide student for first-year students.15. Wherever her husband went, she would keep him company.Wherever her husband went, she would him.16. During her visit, she not only grasped necessary skills, but also strengthen the social bond.She such a lot during her visit.17. Your salary depends on the amount of work you do.You will be paid to the amount of work you do.18. The increase in carbon dioxide emissions may be the reason for changes in the climate.The increase in carbon dioxide emissions may for changes in the climate.The increase in carbon dioxide emissions may be for changes in the climate.The increase in carbon dioxide emissions may to changes in the climate. 19. Her fortune began to build up because she invested wisely.By investing wisely she a fortune.The of her fortune results from her wise investment.20. Great care is taken to ensure that the research data is accurate.Great care is taken to ensure the of research data.C: 1.This match will tell if the team is good enough.People ask if the team is good enough. This match will be the test.2. The film festival is thought of as an event of international importance.The film festival is as an event of international importance.3. Because we acquired huge amounts of data, it has helped our research enormously.The of huge amounts of data has helped our research enormously.4. We urge the authorities to act immediately.We urge the authorities to take immediate .5. They advised for the right person in The Morning News.They put an in The Morning News for the right person.6. It is difficult for one to adapt/adjust himself to life in another country.The process of to life in another country can be very difficult.7. The bad weather only worsened our difficulties.The bad weather only to our difficulties.8. Her assistant was accused of theft by the police.Her assistant was with theft by the police.9. He has been in the habit of living without electricity, and missed it very little.He had become to living without electricity, and missed it very little.10. Though he was young player, he had won three gold medals.It was a remarkable for such a young player as him.11. The problem is becoming more serious and if we don’t do anything, it will sprea d to other areas. We must take to deal with the problem before it spreads to other areas. 12. The exercises in this chapter in theory can be your helper, but you should put them into practice. The exercises in this chapter can guide you, but it will be up to you to do thework.13. Luckily, teenagers fit in the new group easily. They get on well with each other.The good thing about children is that they very easily to new environments.14. This latest incident will put more pressure on the government.This latest incident will to the pressure on the government.15. He is due to give a speech at a conference on human rights next week.He is due to a conference on human rights next week.16. Her performance was fairly good but not excellent because it was not so original.Her performance was but lacked originality.17. First, the age of you audience should decide what language you will use. For example, you should speak the language which is consistent with children’s when you are surrounded with children.your language to the age of your audience.18. Teachers complain that they have to spend much time attending various meetings and joining in activities to ensure the school is well run without time on teaching.Teachers complain that more of their time is taken up with than with teaching.19. Your self-control in your answer deserved to be admired, personally.I think you showed self-control in your answer.20. I gave up reluctantly just because I didn’t want to waste time. But in his eyes, I admitted that I was wrong.I felt he would see my giving up now as an that I was wrong.D: 1. You can’t enter the exhibition unless you are invited in advance.to the exhibition will be by only.2. Some people changed from a cheerful child to a self-conscious adolescent.Some people become very self-conscious in .3. I find it hard to get along with him, so I have to change my way of contacting him.I think it's time to a different strategy in my dealings with him.4. Nowadays, the arts’ price is so high that few ordinary people can buy it home for appreciation. Personally, it is ridiculous.The arts should be available to more people at prices they can .5. There's no need to be so unfriendly towards them.It’s unnecessary for us to be so with them.6. The decision was made while I was not there.The decision was made in my .7. This country is abundant in natural resources.The country has an of natural resources.8. He's a very good example of the benefits of regular exercise.He's a very good for the benefits of regular exercise.9. Many experts strongly support the idea that children’s good behaviour should be rewarded.Many experts rewarding your child for good behaviour.10. Snow forced many drivers to give up their vehicles.Snow forced many drivers to their vehicles.11. To be a professional athlete, one should work hard and has a gift for sports.It takes hard work and natural to make it as a professional athlete.To be a professional athlete, one should be hard-working and for sports.12. The next item to be discussed at the meeting is how to improve our health.The next item on the __________ is how to improve our health.13. In our company, quality is most important.In our company, quality is high on the __________.14. If I criticize him, he behaves in an angry and threating way and starts shouting.If I criticize him, he gets __________ and starts shouting.15. The whole family agreed with her about what they should do.The whole family was in __________ with her about what they should do.16. The world's supply of land for farming is shrinking fast.The world's supply of __________ land is shrinking fast.17. Henry generally did better than the others in the academic subjects.Henry generally stayed __________ of the others in the academic subjects.18. I didn't speak any French, but a nice man came to help me.I didn't speak any French, but a nice man came to my __________/__________.19. The government's campaign is intended to influence public opinion.The government's campaign is __________ / __________ at influencing public opinion.20. A brief study of climate change makes us realize the great threat we are faced with – the earth is not safe now.A brief study of climate change set the __________ bells ringing – the earth is not safe now.E: 1. His father cannot live without alcohol and even like driving after drinking, which was the cause of his anxiety.His father was the cause of his anxiety.2. My dad has a strong dislike of pop music and thinks of it as a waste of time.My dad is to pop music and equate it to a waste of time.3. You allocate twelve hours to the project each week, which I think is more than expected.Twelve hours a week seemed a generous of your time.4. We have to take in consideration the possibility that we might not finish on schedule.We have to for the possibility that we might not finish on schedule.We have to make for the possibility that we might not finish on schedule.5. She wants to be quiet and feels annoyed at being disturbed but the press photographers follow her everywhere.She's asked to be left but the press photographers follow her everywhere.6. You have no choice but to go to see him or write to him.The only to going to see him is to write to him7. You needn’t to be a professionals to join in the tournament. As long as you enjoy it, you can enter for it.The tournament is open to both and professionals.8. It never ceases to amaze me what some people will do for money.To my , some people will do anything for money.9. People can interpret her word in different ways. It is just what she want.Her account was deliberately .10. Alfred had a burning ambition to become the most successful businessman.Alfred was greatly , obsessed with the idea of becoming the most successful businessman.11. His words was equal to an apology on behalf of his company.He gave what to an apology on behalf of his company.12. I play the piano just to amuse myself.I play the piano just for my own .13. This book teaches you how to analyze what is causing the stress in your life.This book teaches you how to make an of what is causing the stress in your life.14. Her novels are based on everyday experience.Her novels are in everyday experience.15. People are increasingly angry against the government.There is growing among the people against the government.16. We’re approaching the issue in many different ways.We’re approaching the issue from many different .17. This Monday reminds him of the day when hi s wife’s death forty years ago.This Monday is 40th of his wife’s death.18. Decisions were often made using incorrect information.Decisions were often made on the ____________ of incorrect information.19. Just getting an interview means your chance of success is bigger. You have to make efforts in the competition.Just getting an interview is half the ____________.20. Learning to read as an adult is tough work, but you can make it if you try.Learning to read as an adult is tough work, but you can win this ____________ if you try.F: 1. He devoted himself to writing. He published five novels and won two gold medals.Eventually his efforts _________ fruit and she got what he wanted.2. He spent two hours telling us about his failure and at last when we were impatient he said he wanted to borrow some money.He _________ about the bush before informing us of his real purpose.3. In her spare time, she spends much time decorating her home to make it beautiful.She likes to spend time _________ her home by decorating in her spare time.4. I can’t imagine what will happen to them if they lose their home.I can’t imagine what will _________ of them if they lose their home.5. Put that money somewhere safe in case it gets stolen.Put that money somewhere safe _________ it gets stolen.6. This success showed that a new period in his career began.This success marked the _________ of a new period in his career.7. The president can't be here today, so I'm going to represent him to make the speech.The president can't be here today, so I'm going to speak on his _________.8. He treated her more and more aggressively and was warned to behave himself.He was warned of his aggressive _________ towards her.9. As hard as she tried, she always won over nobody in the races of swimming.As hard as she tried, she always fell _________ the other swimmers in the races.10. I wonder the reason for this change of plan.I wonder what's _________ this change of plan.11. People were shocked at the cruelty of the murders.The cruelty of the murders was beyond _________ / _________.12. As she sensed that something was wrong, she warned herself not to make mistakes immediately. Warning _________ started ringing in her head as she sensed that something was wrong.13. After three years here, I feel this is where I should be because I find comfort, happiness and true friendship.After three years here, I feel a strong sense of _________.14. Clearly, you can’t spend more than your income at will because it is running out this month. Clearly, if you are spending more than your income, you'll need to tighten your _________.16. It was good to see her finally enjoying the results of all her hard work.It was good to see her finally reaping the _________ of all her hard work.17. Cycling is bound to have good effects on health and the environment.Cycling is highly _________ to health and the environment.18. I was keen on drawing so I decided to become a painter after graduation.I was _________ on being a painter after graduation.19. He promised to serve the public with his whole heart but now has become more and more selfish. His behavior was fiercely criticized by people.He has been accused of _________ his former ideals that he will commit himself to serve the public.20. When my friends refused to support me, I felt that they betrayed me.I felt a sense of _________ when my friends refused to support me.G: 1. An earthquake has just struck the area, which is in badly need of food.It is vital that food is made ____________ to the areas.2. The book throws light on the research and I find out the solution finally.The book provides an ____________ for my research.3. More than 80% of his classmates achieved grade A in science, except that Tom got C.Tom was below ____________ in science of his classmates.4. Road safety is taught to young children in case of road accidents.Road safety is taught to young children to ____________ road accidents.5. Addiction to computer games has not only distracted young p eople’s attention from study, butweakened their willpower.Young people need to (be) ____________ to the risks of addiction to computer games.Young people need to be well ____________ of the risks of addiction to computer games.6. There is only one week in store for me to prepare for the English exam, but I haven’t started.My English exam's only a week ____________ and I haven't even started to prepare.7. More and more people began to realize the importance of protecting environment. Environmental ____________ has increased dramatically over the past decade.8. Some customers are quite difficult to deal with, so you need to know the art of speaking to them.It is necessary to learn the art of speak to some ____________ customers.9. He didn’t marry th e whole life.He remained a ____________ the whole life.10. Sometimes once one has made his decision, he knows it is like the spilled water, even regret is not allowed.Sometimes once one has made his decision, he knows there will be no going ____________.11. In our company, some are born abroad, some have no parents in their childhood, and some have very different religions and so on. It calls for mutual understanding.It's important to understand the employees from different ____________ in our company for mutual understanding.12. She felt that going back to live in her hometown would be looked down upon as if she had not made any progress these years.She felt that going back to live in her home town would be a ____________ step.13. If you ask for help when he is angry, you will not get what you want.It is a ____________ time to ask for help when he is angry.14. On one hand, the ecological effects of the factory need to be assessed carefully. On the other hand, the serious unemployment rate has aroused people’s anger.The ecological effects of the factory need to be ____________ / ____________ against the employment it generates.15. Smoking is forbidden absolutely in the office.There is to be a total ____________ on smoking in the office.16. He told me about opinions about my novels frankly and later even his love, interest and so on.He laid his heart ____________ as to my novels.17. He sold me the new car at a discount of 20%, because he needed to go abroad tomorrow.The car he sold me was a ____________ at that price.18. Shyness has become the major factor that prevent one from making friends.Shyness is one of the biggest ____________ to making friends19. Mutual respect ensures their lasting friendship.Their friendship was ____________ upon mutual respect.20. There was no hospital, well, shelter, or even store here. How can we settle here?This place cannot meet our ____________ needs.。

paraphrase技巧例子Paraphrasing（释义重述）是指用不同的措辞或表达方式来表达相同的含义。

这在写作、学术论文、或者进行文本转述时很有用。

以下是一些paraphrasing技巧的例子：1. 同义词替换：原文：The cat is on the mat.释义：The feline is on the rug.2. 更改句子结构：原文：The conference will take place in Paris next month.释义：Next month, the conference is scheduled to happen in Paris.3. 使用不同的形容词和副词：原文：She spoke loudly and confidently.释义：She spoke with a strong and assured voice.4. 变换时态：原文：The team won the championship last year.释义：Last year, the championship was won by the team.5. 改变从句的语序：原文：Although it was raining, they decided to go for a walk.释义：Despite the rain, they chose to take a walk.6. 加入或删除细节：原文：The painting depicts a serene mountain landscape.释义：In the painting, there is a calm landscape featuring mountains and rivers.7. 变化句子的语气：原文：He must finish the project by Friday.释义：It is imperative that he completes the project by Friday.8. 转换主动语态和被动语态：原文：The chef prepared a delicious meal.释义：A delicious meal was prepared by the chef.9. 使用近义词或短语：原文：The concept is difficult to understand.释义：Grasping the idea can be challenging.10. 删减或合并句子：原文：She has a habit of arriving late, which annoys her colleagues.释义：Her habit of arriving late is a source of annoyance for her colleagues.这些例子展示了paraphrasing的不同技巧，通过运用这些技巧，你可以更灵活地表达相同的意思，从而使文本更加多样化和富有表达力。

雅思口语头脑风暴法头脑风暴法是一种创造性的技术，可以收集大量的想法来回答不同的主题，在雅思口语考试的问题种类繁多的今天,小编将给各位有关这个特别有效的提升数量和质量理念，望帮助提高各位考生的考试必要的士气。

雅思口语-搭建口语逻辑-“头脑风暴”法Brainstorming is a creative technique that can gather a large amount of ideas to answer different topic and variety of questions in IELTS Oral test. This skill is especially effective to enhance either quantity or quality of ideas that can boost an examinee’s morale necessary for the exam.There are three rules that should be followed in order to obtain a satisfying result from brainstorming:Firstly, the examinee should learn to focus on the quantity of his/her answers. This rule is a means of enhancing excellent production and produce extraordinary ideas that can be used for the test. How to make an answer unique and extraordinary with knowledgeable contents are the most essential things that should be done before the exam. Thus, by reading brainstorming books or by brainstorming with other people can help to gain an ideal band score in the IELTS Oral Exam.Secondly, learn to welcome unusual ideas and get a long list of ideas. They can be generated by looking from new perspectives and suspending assumptions. These new ways of thinking may provide better answer or solution to the questions in the test. Personal opinions or from others are especially welcomed by the examiners in the test. So, brainstorming with other people or reading different kinds of answers will be very helpful when taking the exam.Lastly, combine and improve ideas through brainstorming. Good ideas should be combined to form a single excellent idea and stimulate the building of an idea by the process of the association. It is critical to be able to gather different perspective and thinking to form an effective answer for the test. Examiners would really appreciate to hear not only knowledgeable answers but also answers that have depth.And also, after following the three rules mentioned above, surely it will help examinees stretch their minds further and therefore produce more creative ideas that can work as a huge advantage for them in the test. Below is an example on how to brainstorm about the questions of the IELTS oral English.EQUIPMENT1. What is your favorite electrical equipment that is in your house?Answer:1. My favorite electrical equipment in my house would be the television…2. I cannot imagine living without my computer …3. I appreciate my blender very much ….Explain:1. because it is my major source of entertainment after a hard day’s work.2. for the reason that I can reach my work , networks, social circles, hobbies and source of entertainment through this equipment.3. simply because it gives me the refreshments that I want and need for my good health.Opinion:1. I think almost all households have at least one or more ofthis at home.2. In my opinion, most people especially the youth at present time would not survive without a computer.3. Personally, I think I can make lots of experiments on fruit shakes just by using my blender.Sample Answer:I cannot imagine living without a computer for the reason that I can reach my work, networks, social circles, hobbies and source of entertainment through this equipment. I think that almost all households have at least one or more of this at home. In my opinion, most people especially the youth at present time would not survive without a computer.2. What kind of electrical equipment do you think is hard to use?Answer:1. I think the sound system is very complicated to u se …2. I find the modern version projector difficult to use…3. I am having a hard time with using an electric floor polisher…Explain:1. because I get confused with the different kinds of buttons for each of the settings for each of the microphone.2. because this equipment seem to be sensitive and fragile.3. because I find it too heavy and too slow.Opinion:1. In my opinion, only sound technicians or people who are trained for it would be able to operate the sound system confidently and comfortably.2. Personally, I would rather use the older version projector which seems easier and less intricate.3. Personally, I would rather prefer to use the coconut husk and do the floor polishing manually so that it would be a lot faster.Sample Answer:I think the sound system is very complicated to use because I get confused with the different kinds of buttons for each of the settings for each of the microphone. In my opinion, only sound technicians or people who are trained for it would be able to operate the sound system confidently and comfortably. Personally, I find this equipment to be sensitive and fragile.3. Why people rely on using electrical equipments nowadays?Answer:1. People are too dependent on using electrical equipments nowadays for the sake of c onvenience….2. Nowadays, people would like to take short cuts …3. People have no choice as modern day equipments are now mostly electricalExplain:1. due to the demands of life’s daily tasks and routines.2. because they could accomplish more things and rest earlier too if they have efficient ways of doing things.3. that is why they buy whatever is being offered at the department stores that would suit their needs.Opinion:1. I think that people tend to get lazier because of this.2. Personally, I think that people tend not to be able to develop more manual skills because of this.3. In my opinion, people are willing to spend for the sake of convenience.Sample Answer:People are too dependent on using electrical equipmentsnowadays for the sake of convenience and nowadays, people would like to take shortcuts too. This is due to the demands of life’s daily tasks and routines and also because people could accomplish more things and rest earlier too if they have efficient ways of doing things. Personally, I think that people tend not to be able to develop more manual skills because of this and they tend to get lazier too.Part II - In IELTS Oral English part II the candidate should talk for 1-2 minutes. To be able to do that 15-30 sentences should be organized for each topic.Describe an electrical equipment that you use everyday (except computer)What I am currently doing the treadmill everyday.Who This was advised by my best friendWhy because she was concerned about my weight gain. Doing the treadmill serves as our cardio exercise for a healthier heart. This is also to keep our body fit.Where I used to go to my best friend’s house to use her treadmill but now I go to the gym because it is nearer our place.When I started to do treadmill around January of this year. I am currently doing it everyday now.为雅思口语加分：改述法(Paraphrase)的妙用相信大部分雅思烤鸭在准备口语考试的过程中都面临过两大问题：“不知道说什么” 和“不知道用英文怎么说” 。

paraphrase题型要求(一)Paraphrase题型要求要求概述•Paraphrase题型要求学生基于所给的语句、段落或文章，用自己的话重新表达出相同的意思，但使用不同的词语和句子结构。

•资深的创作者需要在保持原文意思不变的前提下，展现自己独特的写作风格和词汇运用能力。

相关要求1.保持原文意思–Paraphrase要求创作者理解并保留原文的核心含义，避免改变文章的意思。

–适当的改变词语和句子结构来表达相同的意思，但注意不要造成理解上的偏差。

2.使用不同的词语和句子结构–创作者需寻找并使用与原文不同的词语和短语，以及变换句子结构、语态、时态等手段。

–这样可以增加文章的多样性和个人风格，同时也能展示自己的语言表达能力。

3.保持语言流畅和连贯–改写后的句子需要保持良好的语法和逻辑连接，使整篇文章读起来流畅和连贯。

–避免使用过长或过于复杂的句子结构，以免造成阅读障碍。

4.注意上下文和背景知识–创作者需要注意文章的上下文和背景知识，以确保改写后的句子在整篇文章中的适用性和一致性。

–避免偏离原文的主题或改动原文中特定的文化和时代背景。

示例说明•假设原文如下：The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.•可能的改写如下：1.The fast brown fox leaps above the inactive dog.2.The speedy brown fox is leaping over the lazy dog.3.The quick brown fox jumps above the dog that is notactive.这些示例都保留了原文的核心意思，但通过替换词语、改变句子结构和语态等方式进行了改写。

Paraphrase集训A: 1. Snow forced many drivers to give up their vehicles.Snow forced many drivers to ____________ their vehicles.2. To be a professional athlete, one should work hard and has a gift for sports.It takes hard work and natural ____________ to make it as a professional athlete.To be a professional athlete, one should be hard-working and ____________ for sports.3. Life here is peaceful as normal. However, all the shops are closed all of a sudden today with no sign. It is ____________ for the shops to be closed suddenly today.4. I think we should get rid of such regulations.I think such regulations should be ____________.5. There's no need to be so unfriendly towards them.It’s unnecessary for us to be so ____________ with them.6. The decision was made while I was not there.The decision was made in my ____________.7. This country is abundant in natural resources.The country has an ____________ of natural resources.8. She regards her authority as a tool to put other people at her command.She is continually ____________ her authority by getting other people to do things for her.9. I was only average in terms of study, but was good at sports.I was only average ____________, but was good at sports.10. Exposure to the sun can speed up the ageing process.Exposure to the sun can ____________ the ageing process.11. She didn’t reject your explanation as to why you didn't attend the meeting.She has ____________ your explanation as to why you didn't attend the meeting.12. Only 40% of 5-year-olds can enjoy pre-school education.Only 40% of 5-year-olds have ____________ to pre-school education.13. I happened to find her letter as I was looking through my files.I found her letter by ____________/____________ as I was looking through my files.14. Universities have to build houses to accommodate r first-year students.Universities have to provide student ____________ for first-year students.15. Wherever her husband went, she would keep him company.Wherever her husband went, she would ____________ him.16. During her visit, she not only grasped necessary skills, but also strengthen the social bond.She ____________ such a lot during her visit.17. Your salary depends on the amount of work you do.You will be paid ____________ to the amount of work you do.18. The increase in carbon dioxide emissions may be the reason for changes in the climate.The increase in carbon dioxide emissions may ____________ for changes in the climate.The increase in carbon dioxide emissions may be ____________ for changes in the climate.The increase in carbon dioxide emissions may l____________ to changes in the climate.19. Her fortune began to build up because she invested wisely.By investing wisely she ____________ a fortune.The ____________ of her fortune results from her wise investment.20. Great care is taken to ensure that the research data is accurate.Great care is taken to ensure the ____________ of research data.B: 1. Gradually, she has accepted the place and like it from the bottom of her heart.She had developed quite an for the place.2. He listened to them with an amused interest on purpose, so people would take it for granted that he was attracted by their performance.He listened to them, an amused interest.3. Life here is peaceful as normal. However, all the shops are closed all of a sudden today with no sign.It is for the shops to be closed suddenly today.4. I think we should get rid of such regulations.I think such regulations should be .5. Their aircraft has an advantage over those used by the US.Their aircraft were in of those used by the US.6. She is wealthy and beautiful, which has become the envy of her friends. But she wasn’t happy. Despite the twin of wealth and beauty, she did not have a happy life.7. It makes sense to apply for other jobs, but if I were you, I would keep it to myself at work.There's no harm in applying for other jobs, but if I were you, I wouldn't the fact at work.8. She regards her authority as a tool to put other people at her command.She is continually her authority by getting other people to do things for her.9. I was only average in terms of study, but was good at sports.I was only average , but was good at sports.10. Exposure to the sun can speed up the aging process.Exposure to the sun can the aging process.11. She didn’t reject your explanation as to why you didn't attend the meeting.She has your explanation as to why you didn't attend the meeting.12. Only 40% of 5-year-olds can enjoy pre-school education.Only 40% of 5-year-olds have to pre-school education.13. I happened to find her letter as I was looking through my files.I found her letter by as I was looking through my files.14. Universities have to build houses to accommodate first-year students.Universities have to provide student for first-year students.15. Wherever her husband went, she would keep him company.Wherever her husband went, she would him.16. During her visit, she not only grasped necessary skills, but also strengthen the social bond. She such a lot during her visit.17. Your salary depends on the amount of work you do.You will be paid to the amount of work you do.18. The increase in carbon dioxide emissions may be the reason for changes in the climate.The increase in carbon dioxide emissions may for changes in the climate.The increase in carbon dioxide emissions may be for changes in the climate. The increase in carbon dioxide emissions may to changes in the climate.19. Her fortune began to build up because she invested wisely.By investing wisely she a fortune.The of her fortune results from her wise investment.20. Great care is taken to ensure that the research data is accurate.Great care is taken to ensure the of research data.C:match will tell if the team is good enough.People ask if the team is good enough. This match will be the test.2. The film festival is thought of as an event of international importance.The film festival is as an event of international importance. 3. Because we acquired huge amounts of data, it has helped our research enormously.The of huge amounts of data has helped our research enormously.4. We urge the authorities to act immediately.We urge the authorities to take immediate .5. They advised for the right person in The Morning News.They put an in The Morning News for the right person.6. It is difficult for one to adapt/adjust himself to life in another country.The process of to life in another country can be very difficult.7. The bad weather only worsened our difficulties.The bad weather only to our difficulties.8. Her assistant was accused of theft by the police.Her assistant was with theft by the police.9. He has been in the habit of living without electricity, and missed it very little.He had become to living without electricity, and missed it very little.10. Though he was young player, he had won three gold medals.It was a remarkable for such a young player as him.11. The problem is becoming more serious and if we don’t do anything, it will spread to o ther areas. We must take to deal with the problem before it spreads to other areas. 12. The exercises in this chapter in theory can be your helper, but you should put them into practice. The exercises in this chapter can guide you, but it will be up to you to do thework.13. Luckily, teenagers fit in the new group easily. They get on well with each other.The good thing about children is that they very easily to new environments.14. This latest incident will put more pressure on the government.This latest incident will to the pressure on the government.15. He is due to give a speech at a conference on human rights next week.He is due to a conference on human rights next week.16. Her performance was fairly good but not excellent because it was not so original.Her performance was but lacked originality.17. First, the age of you audience should decide what language you will use. For example, you should speak t he language which is consistent with children’s when you are surrounded with children.your language to the age of your audience.18. Teachers complain that they have to spend much time attending various meetings and joining in activities to ensure the school is well run without time on teaching.Teachers complain that more of their time is taken up with than with teaching.19. Your self-control in your answer deserved to be admired, personally.I think you showed self-control in your answer.20. I gave up reluctantly just because I didn’t want to waste time. But in his eyes, I admitted that I was wrong.I felt he would see my giving up now as an that I was wrong.D: 1. You can’t enter the exhibition unless you are invited in advance.to the exhibition will be by only.2. Some people changed from a cheerful child to a self-conscious adolescent.Some people become very self-conscious in .3. I find it hard to get along with him, so I have to change my way of contacting him.I think it's time to a different strategy in my dealings with him.4. Nowadays, the arts’ price is so high that few ordinary people can buy it home for appreciation. Personally, it is ridiculous.The arts should be available to more people at prices they can .5. There's no need to be so unfriendly towards them.It’s unnecessary for us to be so with them.6. The decision was made while I was not there.The decision was made in my .7. This country is abundant in natural resources.The country has an of natural resources.8. He's a very good example of the benefits of regular exercise.He's a very good for the benefits of regular exercise.9. Many experts strongly support the idea that children’s good behaviour should be rewarded.Many experts rewarding your child for good behaviour.10. Snow forced many drivers to give up their vehicles.Snow forced many drivers to their vehicles.11. To be a professional athlete, one should work hard and has a gift for sports.It takes hard work and natural to make it as a professional athlete.To be a professional athlete, one should be hard-working and for sports.12. The next item to be discussed at the meeting is how to improve our health.The next item on the __________ is how to improve our health.13. In our company, quality is most important.In our company, quality is high on the __________.14. If I criticize him, he behaves in an angry and threating way and starts shouting.If I criticize him, he gets __________ and starts shouting.15. The whole family agreed with her about what they should do.The whole family was in __________ with her about what they should do.16. The world's supply of land for farming is shrinking fast.The world's supply of __________ land is shrinking fast.17. Henry generally did better than the others in the academic subjects.Henry generally stayed __________ of the others in the academic subjects.18. I didn't speak any French, but a nice man came to help me.I didn't speak any French, but a nice man came to my __________/__________.19. The government's campaign is intended to influence public opinion.The government's campaign is __________ / __________ at influencing public opinion.20. A brief study of climate change makes us realize the great threat we are faced with – the earth is not safe now.A brief study of climate change set the __________ bells ringing – the earth is not safe now.E: 1. His father cannot live without alcohol and even like driving after drinking, which was the cause ofhis anxiety.His father was the cause of his anxiety.2. My dad has a strong dislike of pop music and thinks of it as a waste of time.My dad is to pop music and equate it to a waste of time.3. You allocate twelve hours to the project each week, which I think is more than expected.Twelve hours a week seemed a generous of your time.4. We have to take in consideration the possibility that we might not finish on schedule.We have to for the possibility that we might not finish on schedule.We have to make for the possibility that we might not finish on schedule.5. She wants to be quiet and feels annoyed at being disturbed but the press photographers follow her everywhere.She's asked to be left but the press photographers follow her everywhere.6. You have no choice but to go to see him or write to him.The only to going to see him is to write to him7. You needn’t to be a professionals to join in the tournament. As long as you enjoy it, you can enter for it.The tournament is open to both and professionals.8. It never ceases to amaze me what some people will do for money.To my , some people will do anything for money.9. People can interpret her word in different ways. It is just what she want.Her account was deliberately .10. Alfred had a burning ambition to become the most successful businessman.Alfred was greatly , obsessed with the idea of becoming the most successful businessman.11. His words was equal to an apology on behalf of his company.He gave what to an apology on behalf of his company.12. I play the piano just to amuse myself.I play the piano just for my own .13. This book teaches you how to analyze what is causing the stress in your life.This book teaches you how to make an of what is causing the stress in your life.14. Her novels are based on everyday experience.Her novels are in everyday experience.15. People are increasingly angry against the government.There is growing among the people against the government.16. We’re approaching the issue in many different ways.We’re approaching the issue from many different .17. This Monday reminds him of the day when his wife’s death forty years ago.This Monday is 40th of his wife’s death.18. Decisions were often made using incorrect information.Decisions were often made on the ____________ of incorrect information.19. Just getting an interview means your chance of success is bigger. You have to make efforts in the competition.Just getting an interview is half the ____________.20. Learning to read as an adult is tough work, but you can make it if you try.Learning to read as an adult is tough work, but you can win this ____________ if you try.F: 1. He devoted himself to writing. He published five novels and won two gold medals.Eventually his efforts _________ fruit and she got what he wanted.2. He spent two hours telling us about his failure and at last when we were impatient he said he wanted to borrow some money.He _________ about the bush before informing us of his real purpose.3. In her spare time, she spends much time decorating her home to make it beautiful.She likes to spend time _________ her home by decorating in her spare time.4. I can’t imagine what will happen to them if they lose their home.I can’t imagine what will _________ of them if they lose their home.5. Put that money somewhere safe in case it gets stolen.Put that money somewhere safe _________ it gets stolen.6. This success showed that a new period in his career began.This success marked the _________ of a new period in his career.7. The president can't be here today, so I'm going to represent him to make the speech.The president can't be here today, so I'm going to speak on his _________.8. He treated her more and more aggressively and was warned to behave himself.He was warned of his aggressive _________ towards her.9. As hard as she tried, she always won over nobody in the races of swimming.As hard as she tried, she always fell _________ the other swimmers in the races.10. I wonder the reason for this change of plan.I wonder what's _________ this change of plan.11. People were shocked at the cruelty of the murders.The cruelty of the murders was beyond _________ / _________.12. As she sensed that something was wrong, she warned herself not to make mistakes immediately. Warning _________ started ringing in her head as she sensed that something was wrong.13. After three years here, I feel this is where I should be because I find comfort, happiness and true friendship.After three years here, I feel a strong sense of _________.14. Clearly, you can’t spend more than your income at will because it is runni ng out this month. Clearly, if you are spending more than your income, you'll need to tighten your _________.16. It was good to see her finally enjoying the results of all her hard work.It was good to see her finally reaping the _________ of all her hard work.17. Cycling is bound to have good effects on health and the environment.Cycling is highly _________ to health and the environment.18. I was keen on drawing so I decided to become a painter after graduation.I was _________ on being a painter after graduation.19. He promised to serve the public with his whole heart but now has become more and more selfish. His behavior was fiercely criticized by people.He has been accused of _________ his former ideals that he will commit himself to serve the public.20. When my friends refused to support me, I felt that they betrayed me.I felt a sense of _________ when my friends refused to support me.G: 1. An earthquake has just struck the area, which is in badly need of food.It is vital that food is made ____________ to the areas.2. The book throws light on the research and I find out the solution finally.The book provides an ____________ for my research.3. More than 80% of his classmates achieved grade A in science, except that Tom got C.Tom was below ____________ in science of his classmates.4. Road safety is taught to young children in case of road accidents.Road safety is taught to young children to ____________ road accidents.5. Addiction to computer games has not only distracted young people’s attention from study, but weakened their willpower.Young people need to (be) ____________ to the risks of addiction to computer games.Young people need to be well ____________ of the risks of addiction to computer games.6. There is only one week in st ore for me to prepare for the English exam, but I haven’t started.My English exam's only a week ____________ and I haven't even started to prepare.7. More and more people began to realize the importance of protecting environment. Environmental ____________ has increased dramatically over the past decade.8. Some customers are quite difficult to deal with, so you need to know the art of speaking to them.It is necessary to learn the art of speak to some ____________ customers.9. He didn’t marry the whol e life.He remained a ____________ the whole life.10. Sometimes once one has made his decision, he knows it is like the spilled water, even regret is not allowed.Sometimes once one has made his decision, he knows there will be no going ____________.11. In our company, some are born abroad, some have no parents in their childhood, and some have very different religions and so on. It calls for mutual understanding.It's important to understand the employees from different ____________ in our company for mutual understanding.12. She felt that going back to live in her hometown would be looked down upon as if she had not made any progress these years.She felt that going back to live in her home town would be a ____________ step.13. If you ask for help when he is angry, you will not get what you want.It is a ____________ time to ask for help when he is angry.14. On one hand, the ecological effects of the factory need to be assessed carefully. On the other hand, the serious unemployment rate has arous ed people’s anger.The ecological effects of the factory need to be ____________ / ____________ against the employment it generates.15. Smoking is forbidden absolutely in the office.There is to be a total ____________ on smoking in the office.16. He told me about opinions about my novels frankly and later even his love, interest and so on.He laid his heart ____________ as to my novels.17. He sold me the new car at a discount of 20%, because he needed to go abroad tomorrow.The car he sold me was a ____________ at that price.18. Shyness has become the major factor that prevent one from making friends. Shyness is one of the biggest ____________ to making friends19. Mutual respect ensures their lasting friendship.Their friendship was ____________ upon mutual respect.20. There was no hospital, well, shelter, or even store here. How can we settle here This place cannot meet our ____________ needs.。

飞特那斯训练方法
嘿，你问飞特那斯训练方法啊？这可有点特别呢。

首先呢，得有个计划。

不能瞎练，得知道自己要干啥。

比如说，你打算练多久，每周练几次，每次练哪些项目。

就像你出门旅游得有个行程安排一样，不能走到哪儿算哪儿。

然后就是热身啦。

可别小看热身，这很重要哦。

不然你一上来就猛练，很容易受伤的。

可以跑跑步、跳跳绳，让身体热起来，就像给汽车预热一样。

接着进入正题。

飞特那斯训练可能包括一些力量训练，比如举哑铃、做俯卧撑啥的。

但要注意姿势正确，不能乱做。

就像你写字得握好笔，不然写出来的字歪歪扭扭的。

还有一些有氧运动，像跑步、游泳，能提高你的耐力。

训练的时候要循序渐进。

不能一下子练得太猛，不然第二天你就得浑身酸痛，啥也干不了啦。

就像你吃饭，不能一口吃个胖子，得慢慢吃。

可以先从简单的开始，然后逐渐增加难度。

还有很重要的一点，就是要坚持。

不能练两天就放弃了。

就像你减肥，得一直坚持才能有效果。

我给你讲个事儿吧。

我有个朋友，他一开始听说飞特那斯训练很厉害，就想试试。

结果练了一天就觉得太累了，不想练了。

后来他看到别人通过飞特那斯训练变得很健康，很羡慕，就又开始练了。

这次他坚持了下来，慢慢地发现自己的身体越来越好了。

你看，飞特那斯训练方法只要坚持，就会有效果。

所以啊，飞特那斯训练要有计划、热身、正确进行力量和有氧运动、循序渐进、坚持。

这样你才能通过训练变得更强壮、更健康。

加油！。

竞越探戈组织发展培训材料一、引言竞越探戈组织致力于推广和发展探戈舞蹈艺术，并为爱好者提供专业培训和学习机会。

为了提高培训的质量和效果，我们为您准备了一份培训材料，旨在帮助您更好地了解竞越探戈组织的发展方向和培训内容。

二、竞越探戈组织的发展理念1. 推广探戈文化：竞越探戈组织致力于推广探戈舞蹈艺术，并将其作为文化交流的桥梁，让更多的人了解和喜爱探戈舞蹈。

2. 提供专业培训：我们拥有一支经验丰富的探戈教师团队，他们将为学员提供系统、科学、专业的探戈培训。

3. 培养优秀人才：竞越探戈组织致力于培养探戈舞蹈的优秀人才，为他们提供广阔的舞台和展示机会。

三、培训内容1. 基础探戈舞蹈：掌握探戈舞蹈的基本动作和步法，了解探戈的舞蹈风格和表现技巧。

2. 音乐节奏感训练：培养学员对探戈音乐的敏感度和音乐节奏感，提高舞蹈与音乐的协调性。

3. 舞蹈技巧训练：通过身体灵活性、平衡感和舞姿训练，提高学员的舞蹈技巧和舞台表现力。

4. 探戈编排与创作：学习探戈编排和创作的方法和技巧，培养学员的创造力和舞蹈艺术表现力。

5. 舞台演出培训：为学员提供舞台演出的机会，并进行专业的演出培训，提高舞蹈的舞台表现力。

四、培训方式1. 线下培训：竞越探戈组织将在指定的培训场地进行面对面的培训，学员可以与教师进行互动和交流，获得更好的学习效果。

2. 线上培训：为了方便学员的学习，竞越探戈组织还提供线上培训课程，学员可以通过网络平台学习和参与互动。

五、培训收益1. 舞蹈技巧提升：通过系统的培训课程，学员可以提升舞蹈技巧和表现力，成为一名优秀的探戈舞者。

2. 艺术修养提高：探戈舞蹈是一门高雅的艺术形式，通过学习探戈舞蹈，学员可以提高自己的艺术修养和审美水平。

3. 心身健康：探戈舞蹈具有良好的锻炼效果，可以提高学员的身体素质和心肺功能，增强身心健康。

4. 社交交流：探戈舞蹈是一种社交舞蹈，通过参与探戈舞蹈培训，学员可以结识到更多的朋友，扩展社交圈子。

高英第一册paraphrase汇总（1、2、5、6、9、10、11课）以及课后翻译Lesson 1 Middle Eastern Bazaar课后练习1. Little donkeys thread their way among the throngs of people.Little donkeys make their way among the pushing crowd of people and go through them.2. Then as you penetrate deeper into the bazaar, the noise of the entrance fades away, and you come to the muted cloth-market.Then as you walk deeper into the market, the noise of the entrance slowly disappears and you come to the quiet cloth-market.3. They narrow down their choices and begin the really serious business of beating the price down.They reduce the number of their choices and begin to bargain with the seller seriously in order to lower the price.4. He will price the item high and yield little in the bargaining.He will ask higher price for the item than usual and refuse to reduce the price by any significant amount in the bargaining.5. As you approach it, a tinkling and banging and clashing begins to impinge on your ear. When you walk close to the copper-smiths’ market, you can hear distinctly the noise of rin ging, banging and clashing.其他1. The Middle Eastern bazaar takes you back hundreds—and even thousands—of years.The Middle Eastern bazaar takes you back to an almostancient time when you can see architecture, bricks and stones, and handicraft economy which no longer exist in the West today.2. Little donkeys with harmonious tinkling bells thread their way among the throngs of people entering and leaving the bazaar.Little donkeys pass carefully through the crowds of people who come and leave the bazaar (TB: go carefully in and out among the people and from one side to another). With bells on, they produce harmonious tinkling sound while walking.3. The shop-keepers speak in low, measured tone, and the buyers, overwhelmed by the sepulchral atmosphere, follow suit.The shop-keepers speak in slow and deliberate tones, and the buyers who are greatly overcome by the grave-like atmosphere in the cloth-market, also speak in low and soft voices.5. Bargaining is the order of the day, and veiled women move at a leisurely pace from shop to shop, selecting, pricing and doing a little preliminary bargaining before they narrow down their choices and begin the really serious business of beating the price downBargaining is something of the greatest interest people do at a particular time during the day, and women with veils covering their faces walk leisurely from shop to shop, selecting goods, asking for their prices and doing a little bargaining first before they decide to buy what they want. Until then they will start seriously to cut down the prices.6. It is a point of honor with the customer not to let the shopkeeper guess what it is she really likes and wants until the last moment.The customer considers it important not to let the shopkeeper guess what she really likes and wants until the lastmoment.7. The seller makes a point of protesting that the price he is charging is depriving him of all profit, and that he is sacrificing this because of his personal regards for the customer.The seller regards it necessary to declare that the price he is asking for/charging makes it impossible for him to gain any profit, and that he is selling things at less than their cost just because he respects the customer.第一课1)一条蜿蜒的小路淹没在树荫深处。

飞盘培训计划一、培训目标通过飞盘培训，参与者将能够掌握基本的飞盘技能，包括传接、投掷和防守等方面的技术，同时提升团队合作能力，增强身体素质。

二、培训内容1. 飞盘基本技术包括传接、投掷、防守和规则等基本技术和知识的学习。

2. 技术训练通过练习巩固基本技能，提高传接和投掷的精准度和力度。

3. 战术运用学习如何在比赛中运用战术，包括进攻和防守的战术策略。

4. 团队合作通过团队活动和比赛，提高团队协作能力和沟通能力。

5. 身体素质培养包括力量训练、速度训练和耐力训练，增强身体素质。

三、培训方法1. 理论教学通过课堂讲解和视频展示，讲解飞盘的基本知识和技术要点。

2. 技术训练在专业教练的指导下进行基本技术的训练，包括传接、投掷和防守等方面的练习。

3. 战术训练通过模拟比赛和实战演练，学习并实践比赛中的战术运用。

4. 团队合作通过团队活动和比赛，培养团队合作意识和团队精神。

5. 身体素质训练借助体能训练器材或户外健身设施，进行身体素质的训练。

四、培训流程1. 技术训练第一周：视察学员的基本技能水平，开展基本传接和投掷训练。

第二周：加强技术的精细训练，提高技术水平。

第三周：深入学习防守技术，提高对手传球的拦截能力。

2. 战术训练第四周：学习比赛战术，进行模拟比赛训练，提高比赛技能。

第五周：进行战术演练，学习如何根据比赛情况调整战术。

3. 团队合作第六周：组织团队合作游戏和活动，提高团队合作精神。

第七周：进行团队比赛，检验团队合作能力。

4. 身体素质训练第八周：进行身体素质训练，提高身体素质水平。

五、培训评估1. 技术水平评估通过测试和实战演练评估学员的技术水平，了解培训效果。

2. 团队合作评估通过团队活动和比赛，评估学员的团队合作能力和沟通能力。

3. 身体素质评估通过体能测试，评估学员的身体素质水平。

六、培训总结通过本次飞盘培训，学员将掌握基础技能，提高战术运用能力，增强团队合作意识和身体素质。

同时，学员也将培养出一定的兴趣，并将飞盘这项户外活动融入日常生活中，享受户外运动的乐趣。

ParaphraseParaphrasing involves restating a sentence or passage using different words and sentence structures while maintaining the same meaning. This technique is commonly used in writing to avoid plagiarism and to enhance clarity and comprehension. In this document, we will explore the importance of paraphrasing, techniques for effective paraphrasing, and examples of paraphrased sentences.Why is paraphrasing important?Paraphrasing is a crucial skill because it allows writers to incorporate information from other sources into their own work while still providing proper attribution. By paraphrasing, writers can demonstrate their understanding of the original material and avoid potential issues with plagiarism. Additionally, paraphrasing can help to avoid excessive direct quotations, which can make the writing seem less original.Techniques for effective paraphrasing1.Understand the original text: Before attempting to paraphrase asentence or passage, it is essential to thoroughly understand its meaning. Read the original text multiple times to ensure comprehension.2.Change the structure: Try to rephrase the sentence by changing thesentence structure. Break long sentences into shorter ones or combine short sentences into longer ones. This can help to convey the same message in adifferent way.3.Replace key words: Identify key words or phrases in the original textand replace them with synonyms or alternative terms. This will help to create a distinct phrasing while maintaining the original meaning.e different sentence starters: Begin sentences with differentwords or phrases to give them a fresh and unique feel. This can be achieved by using introductory phrases, such as。

paraphrase题型要求摘要：1.了解paraphrase题型2.分析paraphrase的技巧和方法3.提高paraphrase能力的建议4.总结正文：作为一种重要的英语写作技巧，paraphrase（改写）在全球各地的考试和学术写作中都有着广泛的应用。

这种题型要求我们在理解原句意义的基础上，用不同的词汇和表达方式重新阐述原文内容。

为了更好地应对这种题型，以下几点技巧和方法值得关注。

首先，要充分理解原文的含义。

在开始改写之前，确保自己清楚原文讨论的主题、作者的观点以及文章的逻辑结构。

这样才能确保在改写过程中不偏离主题，准确地传达原文信息。

其次，学会使用同义词和短语。

在改写过程中，尽量使用与原文不同的词汇和表达方式。

这不仅能提高文章的可读性，还能体现出作者的语言能力。

例如，原文中使用的动词短语可以换成名词短语，或者将主动句改为被动句等。

第三，注意句子结构和语气的调整。

为了让改写后的句子与原文在语气和结构上保持一致，可以采用以下方法：1.保持主语和谓语的一致性；2.保持句子成分的完整性；3.保持原文的时态和语态；4.调整句子顺序，使句子更加自然。

此外，提高paraphrase能力还需多加练习。

以下是一些建议：1.积累更多的词汇和表达方式，提高自己的英语水平；2.阅读各类文章，学习优秀作者的写作风格和表达技巧；3.刻意练习，不断尝试对同一篇文章进行多次改写，以提高自己的表达能力；4.寻求他人的意见和建议，了解自己在改写过程中的不足之处。

总之，掌握paraphrase技巧对我们的英语写作能力有着重要意义。

脱不花中高层管理训练营接指令
摘要：
1.训练营简介
2.适合对象
3.解决问题
4.课程内容
5.价格与购买
正文：
脱不花中高层管理训练营是一个专门针对中高层管理者的培训课程，旨在帮助管理者提升沟通能力，解决管理过程中的难题，提高团队效率。

训练营的内容涵盖了管理策略、团队建设、沟通技巧等多个方面，适合具有一定管理经验的管理者参加。

训练营适合的对象包括：带15 人以上总监、处级干部，以及具有5 年以上管理经验的管理者。

如果您在管理过程中遇到过人才梯队搭建困难、团队培养费力、多头沟通应对吃力等问题，这个训练营将是您的不二选择。

训练营的课程内容丰富多样，包括管人、管事、管战略等方面的内容。

参加训练营的学员将学到如何从管理百年史中寻找答案，掌握团队建设的技巧，解决多头沟通的困扰，突破晋升的瓶颈期等。

训练营的价格为4999 元，如果您想了解更多关于课程的详细信息，可以联系我们。

同时，我们还提供海量学习资源，欢迎爱学习的小伙伴们加入我们，一起学习，一起进步。

知识就是力量，知识改变命运，让我们一起在管理
的道路上越走越远。

需要注意的是，资源收集于网络，仅用于试学及购买课程之参考。

请在24 小时内从您的电脑中彻底删除上述内容，如有侵权，请及时联系我们进行删除。

塞尔维亚青少年网球“教练赛”和“网球+傩能”训练模式管窥塞尔维亚是一个网球运动强国，拥有众多优秀的网球选手，其中不乏青少年选手的身影。

在塞尔维亚，有一项名为“教练赛”的青少年网球比赛，以及“网球+傩能”训练模式备受关注。

这些活动不仅为塞尔维亚青少年网球运动提供了丰富的竞技机会，更是为他们的成长和锻炼提供了良好的平台和模式。

让我们来了解一下“教练赛”这项活动。

在塞尔维亚，青少年网球教练们不仅仅是在训练场上教授孩子们网球技术，更是为他们规划比赛、辅导比赛，促进他们的成长。

而“教练赛”就是由教练们组织的一系列青少年网球比赛，旨在为孩子们提供更多的实战机会，培养他们的竞技能力和比赛经验。

这些比赛通常由教练们统一组织安排，选手包括各个俱乐部或者学校的青少年网球选手。

比赛的规模大小不一，既有规模较小的俱乐部间比赛，也有规模较大的城市间比赛。

无论是哪种规模的比赛，都能够让孩子们在赛场上获得更多的锻炼和机会，从而更好地提高自己的比赛水平。

在这些教练赛中，教练们不仅仅是组织者，更是辅导者和观察者。

他们会在比赛中观察选手的表现，并在比赛后及时给予他们指导和反馈，帮助他们总结经验、找出不足，提高技术和心理素质。

即使在教练赛中，青少年选手们也能够获得很多来自教练们的指导和帮助，这对于他们的成长来说是极具价值的。

除了“教练赛”，“网球+傩能”训练模式也备受关注。

这一模式将传统的网球训练与傩能训练相结合，为青少年网球选手提供了全方位的锻炼和培训。

在这一模式中，傩能训练不仅仅是简单的助力训练，更是一种辅助性训练，通过傩能的力量和技巧，提高选手的速度、灵活性和爆发力，从而更好地适应网球比赛的需要。

这一训练模式的核心理念在于“全面发展”，即通过各种不同方式的训练，全面提高选手的身体素质和技战术能力。

傩能训练为青少年网球选手们提供了更多的动作变化和刺激，增强了他们的耐力和爆发力。

通过这一训练模式，不仅能够促进选手们的身体发育和技术提高，更是为他们的职业发展奠定了坚实的基础。

Paraphrase 练习1. Much of the early development of different languages, customs, and other diverse aspects of world cultures resulted from the isolation of groups of people from one another.2. That does not imply that Western culture is superior; its impact is afunction of the economic and political strength of Western Europe and the United States. Nor does the preponderance of Western culture in the integration process mean that the flow is one way.3.Business needs also promote the global growth of English. The U.Sstatus as the world’s economic powerhouse makes it far more common for foreign businesspeople to learn the language of Americans than it is for Americans to learn other languages.4.The observation of the Director-General of UNESCO, that “America’smain role in the new world order is not as a military superpower, but as a multicultural superpower”, is an overstatement, but it captures some of what is occurring.5.The scene outside the conference hall is a snapshot of the war Apple iswaging for the hearts and minds of developers.6.Freelance developers such as Stone tend to be an idealistic, egalitarianbunch, suspicious of big companies intent on telling them, or consumers, what to do. And yet Apple has expertly played on their pragmatism– programming tools are slick and simple to use, forexample.7.Apple isn’t above taking over software categories created by partners.When Apple Senior Vice-President Scott Forstall showed how new iOS software could give reminders to pick up milk at a certain time, it spelled big trouble for companies such as Remember the Milk.8.And while Jobs’ software ecosystem may seem egalitarian, it’sanything but.。