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专题二代词、介词和介词短语1.【2018·重庆】2. The meeting will be held in September, but____ knows the date for sure.A.everybodyB. nobodyC. anybodyD. somebody【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：会议将在九月举行，但没有人知道确切的日期。
根据but表达转折可知没有人知道，故选B 项。
【考点定位】考查代词。
【名师点睛】这道题考查不定代词，题目难度不大，不定代词的运用要根据题目中所给的语境，及关键词来进行确定。
Somebody一般用于肯定的陈述句中，anybody多用于否定句，疑问句或条件句中，everybody用于肯定句； nobody表示没人或没有人；根据语境中的but可知表示转折，故暗示没有人知道确切的日期。
2.【2018·重庆】10. Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68 ℃____ the average.A. belowB. onC. atD. above【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：去年是有纪录以来最热的一年，全球平均气温上升0.68度。
With 的宾语global temperature ，宾语补足above the average。
【考点定位】考查介词。
【名师点睛】with的复合结构中，复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词和代词充当，第二部分补足语由形容词，副词，介词短语，动词不定式或分词充当。
而本题考查with +名词/代词+介词短语,而介词的使用则根据当时语境的提示来做出相应的变化即句中的the warmest year on record起重要作用，可知高出平均气温。
3.【2018·浙江】3. Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes animals both on land and sea?A. aboutB. toC. withD. over【答案】 B【解析】试题分析：句意：你是否有听说过树是陆上动物和海上动物的家？home to sth 固定搭配，是什么的家园的意思。
专题02代词、介词、介词短语1.（2023年新高考I卷）There you will find them prepared differently—more dumpling and less soup,and the wrappers are pressed_______hand rather than rolled.【答案】by【详解】考查介词。
固定搭配，by hand“用手”。
句意：在那里，你会发现是不一样准备的——多饺子，少汤，包装是用手压的而不是卷的。
2.（2023年新高考I卷）Nanxiang aside,the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin,allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of________(they)contents.【答案】their【详解】考查代词。
修饰后面的名词contents（东西）需用形容词性物主代词their。
3.（2023年新高考II卷）And who do they speak English________?【答案】with【详解】考查介词。
句意：他们和谁说英语？分析句子结构可知，根据句意此处强调双向交流，应用固定搭配：speak with sb.意为“与某人交谈”。
故填with。
4.（2023年浙江卷1月）Thanks to Beijing’s long history capital of China,almost every hutong has its stories,and some are even associated with historic events.【答案】as【详解】考查介词。
句意：感谢北京作为中国首都的悠久的历史，同时每一条胡同都有自己的故事，甚至有一些还跟历史事件有关。
高三英语(课标全国卷)代词、介词和介词短语原卷版1. 掌握人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词、反身代词及it 的用法。
2. 掌握表示方位、时间、工具、手段、方式、原因等介词的基本用法。
3. 掌握常用动词、名词或形容词与介词连用构成的介词短语的用法.一、代词思维导图二、人称代词人称代词用来代替人或物，有人称、数和格的变化，其形式如下：1. 定义：人称代词是用来指代人、动物或事物的代词。
2. 用法：(1)通常主格作主语(在句首，动词前)。
(2)宾格作宾语(在动词或介词后)或作表语(在be动词后)。
三、物主代词1. 定义：物主代词是表示所有关系的代词，用来说明某物属于某人或与某人有关。
2. 分类：3. 用法(1)形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，只能放在名词前作定语，后面一定要跟一个名词。
(2)名词性物主代词相当于名词，后面不能加名词，可单独使用，可在句中充当主语、宾语、表语等。
相当于＂形容词性物主代词+名词＂。
四、反身代词1. 作宾语，表示动作的承受者就是动作的发出者，主语和宾语指同一个人或一些人。
He enjoyed himself in the wild.2. 作表语It doesn’ t matter. I’ll be myself soon.3. 作主语或宾语的同位语，意为＂亲自＂。
用于加强语气，可紧跟在被修饰名词后或句末。
She herself went to the school.(作主语同位语)You should ask the teacher himself. (作宾语同位语)4. 常用含反身代词短语：by oneself 亲自;独自enjoy oneself 玩得开心come to oneself恢复知觉dress oneself 自己穿衣服devote oneself to致力于speak to oneself 自言自语teach oneself 自学help oneself to 随便吃in oneself 本身固有occupy oneself in doing 忙于做某事五、介词思维导图六、表示时间的介词1．表示时间的介词at, on, in的用法①at表示在某一时刻或时间点。
专题02 代词、介词和介词短语养成良好的答题习惯，是决定成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
考点01 代词1.（2024年浙江卷1月·语法填空）Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking ________ (one) may yet come out with a whole range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well.【答案】ones【解析】考查代词。
句意：谁知道呢，也许一些更有远见的人可能还会推出一系列“只为你”的包装尺寸，并提供特别优惠。
代词one意为“一个人”，在some of后应用复数形式。
故填ones。
2.（2024年全国甲卷语法填空）This area, with _______ (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved for all people of the nation to enjoy-as a national park.【答案】its【解析】考查代词。
句意：这个地方，以其独特而令人惊叹的自然美景，必须被妥善保存供全国人民欣赏。
这里“它们”用形容词性物主代词做定语修饰名词beauty。
3.（2023年全国甲卷改错）In that class, Miss Zhao, our biology teacher, showed we insects on stamps.【答案】we→us【解析】考查代词。
句意：在那节课上，我们的生物老师赵老师给我们看了邮票上的昆虫。
随堂训练1. By , when the number of consumers worldwide has reached 4. 2 billion, people with high income will be, for the first time, more than ______ struggling to meet basic needs.A. oneB. thatC. onesD. those【解析】选D。
句意: 到, 全世界消费者的人数将达到42亿, 高收入的人将首次超过还在想方设法来满足生活基本需要的人。
根据句子中提到的people及struggling to meet basic needs可知句中填入的部分应为可数名词复数, 且为特指, 故用those。
【知识拓展】that作替代词, 替代单数名词时, 指同类不同个(另一个同类物品)。
that和those总是伴随着限定性的后置修饰语, that=the one, those=the ones。
one的复数形式ones只能替代可数名词复数。
它也必须带有一个限定或修饰词。
2. My best friend who saved the two drowning boys from the freezing river is a kind and brave person, that is worth respecting for ever.A. thatB. oneC. itD. what【解析】选B。
句意: 我的最好的朋友从冰河中救出了两个溺水的男孩。
他是一个善良勇敢的人, 一个值得永远尊敬的人。
根据句意, 填入的部分应为“一个人”即a person, 可用one替代, 表示泛指一个人或物。
3. (·宁波模拟)To British people, Canadians may sound American; toAmericans, they may sound British. Canadians themselves insist on not being identified with______.A. neitherB. bothC. anyD. either【解析】选D。
语法复习第3讲：代词I、重点难点解析代词是代替名词的一种词类。
大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。
英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑一、人称代词的用法1.作主语用主格。
作宾语用宾格。
She teaches us English.2.在句中作表语，常用宾格。
Who is it? It’s me.但有时用主格。
If I were she, I would’t go there.二、物主代词的用法1．形容词性物主代词——只作定语：This is our classroom.2①英语中必须有形容词性物主代词，而汉语中往往省略不译。
如：Jack took off his coat and went to bed.② “of + 名词性物主代词”可用作定语。
如：Some friends of mine will attend my birthday party.四、指示代词的用法1.时空的差别e.g. There is this seat here, near me, or there is that one in the fourth row. Which will you have, this or that？2. This 和that 在行文叙述上的差别。
e.g. I shall say this to you: he is a poor man.He was ill. That’s why he didn’t come.3.that 和those 用于表比较的结构。
The weather of Zhanjiang is better than that of my hometown.TV sets made in Nanjing are better than those made here.4. 打电话时this 表示我,that表示你.1）none 既可指人，也可指物，且一定是特指概念，常用来回答how many /much 引导的疑问句；no one 只能指人，且只能是泛指概念，常用来回答who 引导的疑问句；nothing “什么也没有”，否定一切，常用来回答what 引导的疑问句。
介词和介词短语一、单句填空1.[2022山东青岛质检,57]Xi'an is home much immovable cultural heritage.2.[2022重庆名校联考,61]There is no doubt that those extraordinary people can have an outstanding influence our country.3.[2022江苏苏州调研,61]As Hua Mulan worries that her father is too elderly to fight, she decides to dress as a man and go his place.4.[2022江西南昌摸底,65]Cooking a meal can provide different people different experiences.5.[2022广西名校联考,61]"There is a long, long story T'ai Chi and me," says Jose Gago.6.[2021黑龙江八校摸底,41]There are many elective courses for students to choose at my university, ranging from art to zoology.7.[2021广东四市名校联考,45]Instead of treating the wildfire a threat to be swiftly extinguished, Americans need to learn to live with it.8.[2021陕西百校联盟模拟,63]He rescued two chicks that had fallen their nest in his front yard five years ago.9.[2021江西名校联考,65]White cranes are also known as "living fossil" birds, only about 4,000 in the world.10.[2021河南南阳一中考试,66]The brand was born in Wuzhen in 1848 and has been popular the distinctive taste of its duck products.二、单句改错1.[2022吉林长春质监]I love to see a clean and tidy classroom and I am proud with it.2.[2022河南洛阳考试]Last year, I decided to participate a voluntary reading program on weekends.3.[2022四川绵阳一诊]In a recent evening, my dad prepared food in the kitchen.4.[2022江西南昌摸底]They stared for the small screen and cheered in front of the TV.5.[2022湘豫名校联考]We are supposed to form a good eating habit, which is great benefit to our health.6.[2022贵州贵阳摸底]First of at all, as smart online learners, we can make full use of the educational resources to broaden our horizons.7.[2021四省八校开学考]Not only does it affect their own study, but also it does harm for others.8.[2021河南洛阳统考]Mr. Li set a good example to me. "I must learn about him," I said to myself.9.[2021吉林省吉林市一调]I'm writing to apply to this position.10.[2021湘豫名校联考]After being busy for my studies in the school for a whole week, I really need some time to do something I like.参考答案一、单句填空1.to be home to是固定搭配,意为"是……的家园"。
建议用时：45分钟Ⅰ.语法填空A．单句语法填空在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．[2015·北京朝阳区一模]Studies show that people who have a glass of wine per day do better than ________ who don't.答案：those考查代词用法。
根据句意可知此空格代替的是people，而且有定语修饰，故特指可数名词复数需填those。
2．[2015·陕西渭南一模]After three months of hard work, I wish to travel in a nice small town, especially ________ with an ocean view.答案：one考查代词用法。
代替a nice small town，为泛指可数名词单数，故填one。
3．[2015·四川南充二诊]The total darkness made ________ possible to make out what the notice said.答案：it考查代词用法。
根据句式结构可以分析出，该空格代替的是不定式的内容，故填it作形式宾语。
4．[2015·重庆南开中学一诊]Animals do not “talk” with words. They use smells, sounds and movements to communicate with ________ animal.答案：another考查代词用法。
根据空格位置可知需填可以修饰名词的代词，且animal为单数，由句意可知填“另外一个，其他的”，another表示“三者或三者以上的另外一个”。
5．[2015·安徽合肥质检一]—Which of these trip plans do you like best?—________. They are both expensive and boring.答案：None考查代词用法。
2021高考英语二轮复习训练：3 2 2 代词和介词(短语)a Word版含解2021高考英语二轮复习训练：3-2-2代词和介词(短语)aword版含解建议时间：20分钟partⅰ.单句语法填空用适当的内容（1个单词）或括号中单词的正确形式填空。
1.[2022年德阳第二诊所]\uuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuu？答案：something考查代词的用法。
根据下文“toendallthismess”可知，此处填不定代词something。
句意：为什么你不做些什么结束所有的混乱？2.[2022年第一次模拟考试]有时，面试中的问题是____________________。
答案：beyond根据句式结构可知此处考查介词用法。
由句意可知，应该填beyond。
beyondexpectation“出乎意料”。
3.[2022年应该谨慎处理这些问题，以平衡人们的需求和自然的需求。
答案：those考查代词用法。
根据理解可知此处代指的名词为“theneeds”，特指可数名词复数，用those替代。
4.[2022年安徽省安庆市第一中学联考]对于她的喜悦，德拉首先坚定了她的学生和学校的沈的信任。
答案：that句意：让她高兴的是，della首先赢得了学生的信任，然后是同事的信任。
这里需要一个代词指代thetrust,that就可以指代前面的可数名词单数或不可数名词。
5.[2022年四川雅安月考]-哪个司机被解雇了？―why，________！itwasthechild'sfault,clearandsimple.hesuddenlycameoutbetweentwoparkedcars.一答案：neither考查代词用法。
根据空格后的语意可知上文司机应有两个，而且表示全部否定，故填neither。
6.[2022年陕西五中第一次模拟考试]政府已采取措施，以解决日常商品价格过高的问题。
第二讲代词和介词语法项目(一) 代词近几年高考对代词的考查主要集中在代词的基本用法上，因此这类试题一般较为简单。
语法填空侧重对替代词及it用法的考查。
考生在解题时要根据语境、句意判断人称和数；应仔细阅读上下文，根据代词具体指代的对象和句中充当的成分，确定代词的格。
未来高考对代词的考查将继续侧重代词的基本用法，并会加强语境的真实性和复杂性。
如何确定填代词[思考趋向]1．当句中缺少主语或宾语时，一般要填代词，主要包括人称代词、替代词、不定代词以及it。
2．当所给提示词为代词时，人称代词需考虑变为宾格、变为物主代词、变为反身代词以及it变为its等。
[典例感悟][典例1](2017·浙江卷6月)“She thought I had hurt ________ (I)，”says Pahlsson.解析：myself[根据句意可知，此处表示“她以为我伤到我自己了”，应用I的反身代词，故填myself。
][典例2](2015·全国卷Ⅰ)A few hours before，I'd been at home in Hong Kong，with ________ (it) choking smog.解析：its[空后为名词词组choking smog，设空处作其定语，故应填形容词性物主代词its。
句意为：几个小时前我还在香港的家中，呼吸着那里令人窒息的烟雾。
] [典例3](辽宁卷)Raise your leg and let ________ stay in the air for seconds.解析：it[根据语境可知let的宾语为前文提及的your leg，故用it替代，以避免重复。
句意为：抬起你的一条腿并让它悬空几秒钟。
][典例4](2019·河南洛阳第一次统考)“As soon as he opens ________ (he) mouth and sings in Chinese，the Chinese are very surprised and they feel proud of him，”said his music teacher.解析：his[考查代词。
建议用时：20分钟Part Ⅰ.单句语法填空在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．[2015·四川德阳二诊]Why don't you do ________ to end all this mess?答案：something考查代词的用法。
根据下文“to end all this mess”可知，此处填不定代词something。
句意：为什么你不做些什么结束所有的混乱？2．[2015·浙江温州一模]Sometimes questions in the interview are ________ expectation and difficult to answer well.答案：beyond根据句式结构可知此处考查介词用法。
由句意可知，应该填beyond。
beyond expectation“出乎意料”。
3．[2015·浙江六校联考一]The problem should be handled very carefully to balance the needs of people with ________ of nature.答案：those考查代词用法。
根据理解可知此处代指的名词为“the needs”，特指可数名词复数，用those替代。
4．[2015·安徽省安庆一中联考]To her joy, Della first earned the trust of her students and then ________ of her colleagues.答案：that句意：让她高兴的是，Della首先赢得了学生的信任，然后是同事的信任。
这里需要一个代词指代the trust, that就可以指代前面的可数名词单数或不可数名词。
5．[2015·四川雅安月考]—Which driver was to blame?—Why，________！It was the child's fault, clear and simple. He suddenly came out between two parked cars.答案：neither考查代词用法。
根据空格后的语意可知上文司机应有两个，而且表示全部否定，故填neither。
6．[2015·陕西省五校一模]The government has taken measures to bring ________ the high prices of daily goods to keep the marketstable.答案：down考查介词用法。
根据“to keep the market stable”可知，应使价格下调，bring down“使……下降”。
7．[2015·福建泉州质检]—Are the two dresses of the same size and price?—Yes. You may take ________，if you like.答案：either考查代词用法。
上文中“two dresses”以及下文中的“if you like”可知，可以带走两个中的任何一个，故填either。
8．[2015·北京丰台区期末]Don't put your bicycle ________ the window. The glass can be easily broken.答案：against考查介词用法。
根据句意可知空格处表示“倚靠”的意思，故填against。
9．[2015·安徽合肥质检]The singing frogs bring people out ________ the cool night to admire the starry sky.答案：into考查介词用法。
根据句意，填into。
句意：这些鸣唱的蛙把人们唤出来，到凉爽的夜晚欣赏星空。
10．[2015·湖南郴州质检二]________ is the painting hanging by my bed that often calls up the sweet memories of my school life.答案：It考查代词用法。
分析句式结构可知此处考查的是强调句型It is...that...，故答案是It。
Part Ⅱ.语篇语法填空A．(重点考查代词用法)[2015·河北衡水模拟]Ancient China was a place where states were often at war with __1__ other. But __2__ was also a time when there were many great philosophers. Confucius (孔子) is the philosopher __3__ influence has been the greatest. He stressed the importance of kindness, duty and order in society.Mencius (孟子) was a thinker whose teachings were very similar to __4__ of Confucius. Mencius believed that the reason why man is different from animals is that man is good. He thought that if the government was kind, then people would be good. He believed thatpeople were more important than rulers，and hated the state when __5__ treated people badly.Mozi (墨子) was __6__ teacher who was very influen-tial. Born in 476 BC, he came from a family __7__ was very poor. He became famous for __8__ unusual clothes and behavior. He founded the philosophy called Mohism. Mozi believed that all men were equal. He thought that we should love all human beings and look after __9__ who are weaker than __10__.1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________5．________ 6.________7.________8.________9．________10.________本文讲述了中国古代三位伟大的思想家：孔子、孟子和墨子及他们的思想主张。
1．each考查固定用法。
each other“互相”。
2．it考查代词的用法。
it在此处指代“a time”。
3．whose考查定语从句中连接词的用法。
从句中缺少定语，故填whose。
4．those考查代词的用法。
指代上文的复数名词teachings, 故用those。
5．it考查代词的用法。
指代上文出现的the state, 故填it。
6．another考查another的用法。
表示“另一个”用another。
7．that/which考查定语从句中连接词的用法。
先行词为family，指物，故用that/which。
8．his考查物主代词的用法。
句意：他(墨子)因不寻常的着装和举止而出名。
故此处应填his，表示“他的”。
9．those考查代词的用法。
此处用those指代“比我们弱小的(人)。
”10．ourselves考查反身代词的用法。
此处表示“照顾那些比我们自己弱小的(人)”。
B．(重点考查介词用法)[2015·河北唐山模拟]I often take the bus to go to university. In the morning I park my car next __1__ the bus stop so that in the afternoon I can drive it home.One afternoon, after I got __2__ the bus and was walking to my car to drive home, I found a young lady who had just got off the bus standing there waiting for a cab. I asked her if she cared __3__ a ride home. She looked at me __4__ amazement as we didn't know each other. I told her that I was not __5__ a hurry and that I'd love to drive her home. __6__ first, she hesitated, but then she agreed and walked __7__ me to the car. We kept talking __8__ different stuff all the way to her house. She gave me the impression that she was fun and friendly. When arriving at her house, she thanked me and I replied this was what I'd like to do. She left me with a smile __9__ her face. I must say when we make others happy, we become happy ourselves __10__ the same time.1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________5．________ 6.________7.________8.________9．________10.________本文讲述的是作者做好事的一次经历以及感受。
