倒装句导学案
一、仔细观察例句，参考《新测评》P73-75，把下列句子改写为倒装句并给予总结
1.e.g. Susan had hardly entered the room when the doorbell rang.
——Hardly had Susan entered the room when the doorbell rang.
e.g I will lend money to him under no circumstances.
——under no circumstances will I lend money to him.
e.g. She not only didn't accept my invitation, she but also was extremely angry.
——Not only did she accept my invitation, but also she was extremely angry.
1.)I have never seen such wonderful pictures in my life.
Never have I seen such wonderful pictures in my life.
2.)I was bored at no time during the tour.
At no time was I bored during the tour.
3. ) He seldom paints now.
Seldom does he paint now.
4. ) I had hardly got to Amsterdam when it began to snow.
Hardly had I got to Amsterdam when it began to snow.
5. ) We can give up learn at no time.
At no time can we give up.
6.) John not only loves Chinese, he is also good at speaking it.
Not only does John love Chinese, he is also good at speaking it.
Conclusion
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2.e.g. The actor came to the party only after being asked three times.
——Only after being asked three times did the actor come to the party.
7). You can learn as much about European artists only on such a trip.
Only on such a trip can you learn as much about European artists.
8). I realized the importance of math only then.
Only then did I realize the importance of math.
9). He was able to get happily back to work only when the war was over in 1918.
Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work.
Conclusion
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3.e.g. He has finished his work. I have finished the work, too.
——He has finished his work. So have I
e.g. I don't like this dress. Mary doesn't like this dress either.
——I don't like this dress, neither/nor does Mary.
10). Li Ming enjoyed the museum. His grand-mother enjoyed it, too.
Li Ming enjoyed the museum. So did his grand-mother.
11). I was not impressed by the paintings, and he was not impressed by them, either.
I was not impressed by the paintings, and neither/nor was he.
Conclusion
__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________
4.e.g. The air pollution is so serious that every one of us should take action as soon as possible.
——So serious is the air pollution that every one of us should take action as soon as possible.
e.g. She got such a good chance that she jumped with joy.
——Such a good chance did she get that she jumped with joy.
12). The art gallery was so crowded that I could hardly move about.
So crowded was the art gallery that I could hardly move about.
13 ). He speaks English so fluently that he is thought of a native.
So fluently does he speak English that he is thought of a native.
14). He is such a brave man that we simply adore him.
Such a brave man is he that we simply adore him.
Conclusion
__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 5.e.g. The teacher didn’t come in until the students stop talking.
——Not until the teacher came in did the students stop talking.
——It was not until the teacher came in that the students stopped talking. (强调句句型) e.g. The sports meet will not be held until next week.
——Not until next week will the sports meet be held.
——It is not until next week that the sports meet will be held. (强调句句型)
15). Tom didn’t begin his homework until his mother returned.
Not until his mother returned did Tom begin his homework.
强调句句型_______________________________________________________________ 16). They didn’t find the lost bike until last week.
Not until last week did they find the lost bike.
强调句句型_______________________________________________________________ Conclusion
__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________
7.e.g. 1) If I were in your position, I would go
——Were l in your position, I would go
2)If you had told him the truth, he might have made some suggestions.
——Had you told him the truth, he might have made some suggestions.
3)If he should come, tell him to ring me up．
——Should he come, tell him to ring me up．
17). If you were a teacher, what would you do then?
Were you a teacher, what would you do then?
18). If we had made adequate preparations, the party would have been a success.
Had we made adequate preparations, the party would have been a success.
19). If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.
Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.
Conclusion
__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________
8 e.g. A woman rushed out. —— Out rushed a woman.
e.g. The speaker sat in the front of the lecture hall.
——In the front of the lecture hall sat the speaker.
20). Mr. White came in. 21). The boy went away.
In came Mr. White. Away went the boy.
22.）A picture is hanging on the wall. 23.）A pine tree stands on the top of the hill.
On the wall is hanging a picture. On the top of the hill stands a pine tree. Conclusion
__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________
9.e.g. Their decision is such.(误)—— Such is their decision.
24. )The story he told me was such. (误)25) Such were her words. (误)
Such was the story he told me. Such were her words.
Conclusion
__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________
10.e.g. A nice picture is hanging on the wall.
——Hanging on the wall is a nice picture.
e.g. A poor monkey is tied to the tree.
——Tied to the tree is a poor monkey.
26.) Wild flowers of different colors are growing all over the hill and around the lake. Growing all over the hill and around the lake are wild flowers of different colors.
27). General Manager, Vice-general Managers and 215 directors were present at the
conference.
Present at the conference were General Manager, Vice-general Managers and 215 directors. Conclusion
__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________
11. e.g.Though/As she works hard, she may not catch up with her sister Lisa.
——Hard though/as she works, she may not catch up with her sister Lisa.
28.) Though/As he is a child, he knows a lot.
Child as/though he is, he knows a lot.
29.) Though/As I like it much, I won’t buy it, for it’s too expensive.
.Much as/though I like it, I won’t buy it, for it’s too expensive.
30.) Though/As he might try, he could not find a job.
Try as/though he might, he could not find a job.
Conclusion
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二、练一练
1. ___ a beautiful palace ___ the foot of the hill.
A. There stand; at
B. There stands; under
C. Stands there; under
D. There stands; at
2. There ________. And here ________.
A.goes the phone; she comes
B. is the phone going; is she
B.does the phone go; does she come D. the phone goes; come she
3. Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school. _______the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni （校友）from home and abroad.
A. Attend
B. To attend
C. Attending
D. Having attended
4. ____ that you want.
A. Such is the books
B. Such are the books
C. The books is such
D. The books are such
5. _____, a man of achievements, deep thoughts, but with simple habits.
A. Einstein was such
B. Such was Einstein
C. Einstein was so
D. So was Einstein
6. Near the church ________ cottage.
A. was such an old
B. had a so old
C. was such old a
D. is so an old
7. Autumn coming, down _____________.
A. do the leaves fall
B. the leaves will fall
C. fall the leaves
D. the leaves have fallen
8. Only then ___________how much damage had been caused.
A. she realized
B. she had realized
C. had she realized
D. did she realize
9. Nowhere else along the coast ___________ such shallow water so far from land.
A. is there
B. is it
C. there is
D. it is
10. _____ about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research.
A. So curious the couple was
B. So curious were the couple
C. How curious the couple were
D. The couple was such curious
11. Not until the early years of the 19th century _________ what heat is.
A. man did know
B. man knew
C. didn’t man know
D. did man know
12. —How was the televised debate last night?
—Super! Rarely ______ so much media attention.
A. a debate attracted
B. did a debate attract
C. a debate did attract
D. attracted a debate
13. If Joe’s wife doesn’t go to the party tomorrow, ____.
A. he will either
B. neither will he
C. he neither will
D. either he will
14. — My room gets very cold at night.
— _____.
A. So is mine
B. So mine is
C. So does mine
D. So mine does
15. —It was careless of you to have left your clothes outside all night.
—My God! ______.
A. So did I
B. So I did
C. So were you
D. So did you
16. Between the two tall trees_____ a farmhouse, in front of which _____ an old man, his
eyes closed.
A. lies; is sitting
B. stands; sits
C. standing; does sit
D. lying; sitting
17. ---It is reported that the PLA soldiers have rescued the people caught in the flood.
---_____. Thank goodness.
A. So it is
B. So they have
C. So is it
D. So have they
18. By no means ______ to her parents.
A. this is the first time has she lied
B. this is the first time does she tell a lie
C. is this the first time she has lied
D. is this the first time she was lying
19. ____ ,I have never seen any place as beautiful as Guilin.
A. As I have traveled so much
B. As long as I have traveled
C. Much as I have traveled
D. Now that I have traveled
20. _____ a mobile phone can you ring _____ you want to talk with anywhere.
A. Using; whoever
B. Only on; whomever
C. By; whatever
D. With; anyone
21. Many young graduates don’t want to work because they think that________, they
probably wouldn’t be able to enjoy an easy and colorful life.
A. are they to work
B. Were they to work
C. had they worked
D. have they worked
22. _________ I had a few problems to deal with.
A. Scarcely had I arrived when
B. Hardly did I arrive when
C. No sooner had I arrived when
D. No sooner did I arrive than
23. Li Gang, a police officer said that little about what his son ____ he know the moment all
the media reported the traffic accident happening in Hebei University.
A. did did
B. did do
C. would do
D. could do
24. We would have to put off the visit to the factory____ it rain tomorrow.
A. were
B. should
C. would
D. will
25. So carelessly ____ that he almost killed himself.
A. he drives
B. he drove
C. was he drive
D. did he drive
26. (2010?陕西高考)John opened the door. There ________ he had never seen before.
A．a girl did stand B．a girl stood C．did a girl stand D．stood a girl
27. (2010?江苏高考)—Is everyone here?
— Not yet ...Look, there ________ the rest of our guests!
A．come B．comes C．is coming D．are coming
28. (2010?重庆高考)At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River ________，one of the ten largest cities in China.
A．lies Chongqing B．Chongqing lies
C．does lie Chongqing D．does Chongqing lie
29. (2011?福建高考)—It's nice.Never before______ such
a special drink!
—I'm glad you like it.
A．I have had B．I had C．have I had D．had I
30. (2010?江西高考)Not until he left his home ________ to know how important the family was for him.
A．did he begin B．had he begun
C．he began D．he had begun
31 [考题印证6]
(2009?山东高考)So sudden________that the enemy had no time to escape.
A．did the attack B．the attack did
C．was the attack D．the attack was
32. (2011?湖南高考)Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours ________a decision.
A．they reached B．did they reach C．they reach D．do they reach
33.(2011?全国卷Ⅰ)Try______she might, Sue couldn't get the door open.
A．if B．when C．since D．as
二、
1-5 DACBB 6-10 ACDAB 11-15 DBBCB 16-20 BBCCB 21-25 BAABD 26. DAACA
31-33CBD
倒装句Inversion 主语放在谓语的前面，叫做自然语序。 谓语放在主语的前面，叫做倒装语序。 1．倒装的种类： 1）将谓语全部放在主语前面的叫全部倒装。 2）将谓语一部分（助动词/情态动词）放在主语前面的叫部分倒装。 3) 倒装用法巧记忆：（五全八部话倒装） 五全：有/时/表/地方 八部：不/只/让步/也/需/常/如此/祝福 谓语动词放在主语之前的这种语法现象称为倒装。从倒装的形式来看，可分为全部倒装(full inversion)和部分倒装(partial inversion)两种。前者是指整个谓语置于主语之前，而后者仅是指助动词、情态动词或be 动词等功能置于主语这前。 结构： 全部倒装： ①引起全部倒装的成分(放句首) + V + 主语 ②表语+ 系动词+ 主语 部分倒装： ①引起部分倒装的成分(放句首) + do/did/does + 主语+ V原形 ②引起部分倒装的成分(放句首) + can/could/might等情态动词+ 主语+ V原形 ③引起部分倒装的成分(放句首) + be动词(am, is, are, was, were ) + 主语+ 表语 （一）全部倒装 基本结构为“引起倒装的词或词组+ 谓语+ 主语” 1“There + be” 句型。 ¤表示存在概念的状态动词，如：be ( 有各种时态变化)，exist，remain，live，lie，stand等； ¤表示某事发生或某人到达等概念的不及物动词，如：come，enter，arise，occur，follow，等 There happen +主语（碰巧）；There appear +主语 There seem +to be主语（似乎） There be going to be+主语（将会）There used +to be主语（曾经）There be likely to be+主语（很可能）
《文言文特殊句式》导学案 一、【学习目标】 1.了解高考中常考的文言文特殊句式。 2.掌握文言文特殊句式的几种类型的标志及翻译方法。 二、【学习重、难点】 学习重点：文言文特殊句式的几种类型的标志。 学习难点：倒装句式的辨识和翻译。 三、【学习方法】自学、归纳总结 【考纲解读】 高考文言文考查能力要求明确指出：“理解与现代汉语不同的句式和用法。”考查形式主要有显性和隐性两种。显性就是以选择题形式判断句式的不同，隐性是将文言文特殊句式放在翻译中综合考查。 主要的特殊句式：判断句、被动句、倒装句（变式句）、省略句。 ㈠判断句 1、用“者”或“也”表示判断，这是典型的文言判断形式。 （1）主语后用“者”，谓语后用“也”表示判断。 如：夺项王天下者，必沛公也。 （2）主语后单用“者”，或谓语后单用“也”表示判断。 如：四人者：庐陵萧君圭君玉，长乐王回深父…… （3）“者也”在句尾连用表示判断。 如：①城北徐公，齐国之美丽者也。②沛公之参乘樊哙者也。 （4）“者”、“也”全不用。 如：①刘备，天下枭雄。②秦，虎狼之国。 2.用副词“乃”“则”“即”“皆”“素”“耳”等表示判断。这些形式也比较多见。 如：①臣乃市井鼓刀屠者。②此则岳阳楼之大观也。③即今之傫然在墓者也 ．．。④夫六国与秦皆诸侯。⑤且相如素贱人。⑥此亡秦之续耳。 3.用动词“为”、“是”表示判断。（文言文中用“是”作判断动词的较为少见） 如：①故今之墓中全乎为五人也。 ②问今是何世，乃不知有汉，无论魏晋。 ③巨是凡人，偏在远郡……
4.用“非”、“未”、“弗”等表示或辅助表示否定的判断。 如：①吾本非文人画士…… ②六国破灭，非兵不利，战不善，弊在赂秦。 ③人固未易知，知人亦未易也。 ④呼尔而与之，行道之人弗受。 （注意：以上各种类型判断句，译成现代汉语时，如是肯定判断句，要用“是”；如是否定判断句，要用“不是”。） ㈡被动句 1.用介词“于”、“受”、“受……于……”表被动(“于”引进动作行为的主动者)。 如：①六艺经传皆通习之，不拘于时，学于余。②吾不能举全吴之地，十万之众，受制于人。 2.用“见”、“见…于……”表示被动（“于”引出动作的主动者）。 如：①信而见疑，忠而被谤。②秦城恐不可得，徒见欺。③吾常见笑于大方之家。 3.用“为”、“为……所……”（“为”引出动作的主动者）或“……为所……”表示被动。 如：①而身死国灭，为天下笑。②为．（wéi，动词，治理的意思）国者无使为积威之所劫哉。 ③不者，若属皆且为所虏。 4.用介词“被”表示被动 如：①舞榭歌台，风流总被雨打风吹去。②予犹记周公之被逮，在丁卯三月之望。 5.动词本身表示被动（这是意念上的被动句，没有任何标志，要根据上下文来判别补出）。 如：①傅说举于版筑之间，胶鬲举于鱼盐之中。（傅说从筑墙的工作中被选拔，胶鬲从贩卖鱼盐的人中被举拔。）②帝感其诚。（天帝被愚公的诚心感动。） ㈢省略句 1.省主语。 ①廉颇为赵将，（）伐齐，（）大破之。承前省 ②沛公谓张良曰：“……（）度我至军中，公乃入。”蒙后省 ③每假借于藏书之家，（）手自笔录，（）计日以还……（）录毕，（）走送之。自述省 ④“独乐乐，与人乐乐，孰乐？”（）曰：“不若与人。”对话省 2.省谓语（无论是古代还是现代，省略谓语的现象还是比较少的）。 ①军中无以为乐，请以剑舞（为乐）。 ②一鼓作气，再（鼓）而衰，三（鼓）而竭。 3.省略动词或介词的宾语。（宾语常见的是代词“之”） （1）省略动词后的宾语 ①项王曰：“壮士！之卮酒赐。”则与（之）斗卮酒。
一．主谓一致（指主语和谓语动词在…人称?和…数?方面的一致关系。）主谓一致遵循以下三条原则（形合，意合，就近） 1．形合（主单→谓单；主复→谓复） ★1．由and或both……and连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数e.g. Both milk and coffee are on sale in Walmart supermarket. Ru Hua and Wang Xiaohu are a couple. ◆注：⑴and连接的并列主语如果指的是同一人、同一事物或同一概念(and 后无冠词)，谓语动词用单数。 e.g. The teacher and writer has come. Bread and butter is the breakfast of the western people. and所连接的表示同一概念的短语有：a horse and cart马车, a knife and fork刀叉, bread and butter涂有黄油的面包 ⑵由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each, every, no 修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。 e.g. In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education. ★2. 用one, every one, each one, any one, each, either, neither 等+ of +复数名词/人称代词作主语时，谓语用单数。 e.g. Neither of his parents is a doctor. They are both teachers. Every one of the students is studying hard. ◆注：(1)“both of +复数名词/人称代词”作主语时，谓语用复数。Both of them are students. (2) none作主语时如果指人或可数的物，表数目，谓语动词用单复数形式皆可；如果指不可数名词，表量，谓语动词用单数。e.g. None of that money on the table is mine. None of us is/are interested in your new subject. (3)在定语从句中主语是关系代词who , that , which , 谓语动词的数应与先行词的数一致。 但在“one of +复数名词+ who/that/which”引导的定语从句中，从句谓语的单复数取决于one前是否有the （only）、the very。如果有，从句的谓语动词用单数，如没有the only就用复数形式。 He was one of the students who were late for school . ★3. each, either, neither, another, the other 和由some, any, no, every + thing/ one/ body构成的复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 e.g. There is something wrong with my computer. Everyone is ready for the big dinner. I have two sisters. One is a doctor, the other is a nurse. ◆注：each作同位语，谓语动词仍与主语一致。 They each have a book. ★4. 不定式/动名词（短语）作主语，谓语用单数。 e.g. Doing morning exercises is good for your health. To teach is to learn. 如果多个非谓语动词连在一起表达同一概念，谓语动词用单数形式；如果表达不同概念，谓语动词用复数。 e.g. To go to bed early and to rise early is a good habit. To work and to live are two different things but they are always together. ★5.all/most/ part /some/none/half/plenty/a lot/lots/the rest/分数/百分 数+of+ n. 等短语作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后面的名词的数。此名词可数，则谓语用复数；此名词不可数，则谓语用单数。All of the work has been finished. Part of the work has been done by us . Let?s eat the food fi rst. The rest is going to be given to them. ★6. 成双成套的词如glasses, shoes, trousers, chopsticks, scissors ，socks等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 ◆注：如果这类名词前用了a pair /two pairs等修饰，则谓语与pair 的单复数一致。The shoes in the shop are beautiful. A pair of shoes was sold out this morning. ★7．由“a/this kind of, many kinds of”或…n. + of this kind?，以及由与kind 意义相似的type, sort 等词构成的类似短语作主语时，谓语与of前的名词保持一致。A kind of bird has been discovered by them.Machines of this kind are very useful. ★8. a number of后面加复数名词或代词，谓语用复数形式；但the number of后面加复数名词或代词时，其谓语用单数。 The number of the students in our school is over 20 thousand. A number of students are coming to our school to learn English. ★9. 倒装句中谓语单复数要看其后面的主语。 There comes the bus. Between the two buildings is a supermarket. ★10. 主语后面跟有with ，together with ，along with ，as well as ，but ,except, besides, like ，including, rather than, in addition to等引导的介词短语+其它名词时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。 The women with two children is my aunt . Everyone here, including children and old people, is for the plan. Mary, along with her boyfriend, goes climbing every Sunday. 2．意合（主语表单数概念→谓语单数；主语表复数概念→谓语复数） ★1. 主语表事物的总称，若指有生命的集合体，如people, police, staff，cattle, crew等作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。The police are looking for the missing boy. 主语表事物的总称，若指无生命的集合体，如traffic, clothing, fruit, equipment等作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。 ★2. 复数形式、单数意义的名词作主语 (1)有些词形似复数，实为单数，其作主语时谓语用单数. 常见的有： 抽象名词news ，学科名词maths，physics ，politics，报纸、杂志名The New York Times,专有名词James, the United States等 The United States was founded in 1776. The New York Times sells well all over the United States . ◆但clothes, goods(货物), works(著作)，the Olympics等词或短语 作主语时，谓语用复数。 The Olympics are held every four years. (2) 表时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词或短语作主语时，应将 它们看作一整体，谓语用单数。Ten years is a long time. Five million dollars is a lot of money. ★3. “the +形容词”表一类人（如the poor ，the rich ，the young，the old ，the dead ，the sick，the brave 等）作主语，谓语用复数； 1
篇一：高中语法教学设计：倒装句 教学课例之教学设计 —高二英语组张帆 book 5 unit 4 grammar: inversion 一、教学设计 （一）教学目标 1.知识与技能 (1)．通过本节课的学习使学生理解倒装句的概念； (2)．在练习中体会并掌握倒装句的用法； (3)．提高学生的语言应用能力； (4).解决从语法学习到实际运用的转化的问题。 2.文化与策略 （1）通过合作学习让学生了解倒装句在语言运用方面的作用；（2）通过句型转换练习让学生在比较中体会陈述与倒装的不同功能。 3.情感与态度 （1）了解中英两种不同语言的不同特点，体会语言的魅力；（2）通过语法学习，培养学生对语言艺术的探索情感。（二）教学内容 1.教学内容的地位、作用与意义： 本节课是本单元“语言学习”部分——“发现有用结构”。这部分通过学生自学、教师讲解以及大量相关练习，使学生语言表达技巧得到提高，通过语法学习让学生打下较好的语言基础。训练学生运用地道的英语句式来表达思想、传递信息。 2.教材的编排特点、重点和难点 （1）.教材的编排特点：教材首先基于学生已有知识和经验，以让学生观察本单元阅读课文中的几个典型倒装句，讨论分析倒装的原因和类型。课堂上教师适当补充相关内容，让学生全面了解掌握倒装句的运用。 （2）.教材的重点： 全部倒装和部分倒装中高考要求的几个常用句式，如：状语、表语前置，否定副词连词位于句首等情况的倒装。 （3）.教材的难点： 使用倒装的句式较多较繁杂，学生理解相对容易，掌握运用就较难。（三）教学对象 1.学生已有知识和经验：学生通过学习本单元中的“阅读”部分，对倒装句的相关知识有了一定了解。教学中要充分利用，使学生积极主动地参与教学过程。
2019高考英语总练习学案第11讲：倒装句 倒装的两种考法： 1.放在单项选择题中，考查考生的倒装语法知识是否熟练掌握； 2.放在完形填空和阅读理解中，设置理解障碍。 倒装的两种形式： 1.完全倒装：将整个谓语动词提到主语前。 2.部分倒装：即半倒装，将谓语的一部分即助动词提到主语前。 【一】完全倒装 【翻译句子】 (1)车来了。 Herecomesthebus. (2)铃响了。 Theregoesthebell. (3)孩子们冲出来了。 Outrushedthechildren. (4)那个男孩离开了。 Awaywenttheboy. 【结论1】表方位的副词here,there或out,in,up,down,away,off等标志词放在句首，句子用完全倒装。 【翻译句子】 (12)Littledoesheknowaboutthenews. 他对这消息知之甚少。 (13)Bynomeanscanhecatchupinsuchashorttime. 他根本不可能在这么短的时间里赶上来。 【结论1】含有否定意义的副词或短语如：few,little,never,not,notuntil,nowhere,rarely,seldom,hardly/scarcely…when…，nosooner…(than)…，notonly…(butalso),atnotime,bynomeans等放在句首时，需用部分倒装。 【疑难1】 Heisactiveinpersonality,andheseldomstaysindoors.(无助动词) Heisactiveinpersonality,andseldomdoeshestayindoors.(添加does) 【疑难剖析1】假设原句中没有助动词，必须根据谓语动词的具体时态来确定相应的助动词do,does或did。 【疑难2】 NotonlychildrenbutalsoadultsareinterestedinthefilmHarryPotter. 【疑难2】Notnotonly…butalso连接两个并列主语时不可倒装。只有在连接两个句子且将notonly所连接的句子提到句首时，才可用倒装，butalso后面的句子不倒装。 【疑难3】 Ihadhardlygottotheairportwhenthep lanetookoff. →HardlyhadIgottotheairportwhentheplanetookoff.(注意谓语动词形式) 【疑难剖析3】在“hardly/scarcely…when/nosooner”位于句首时，要用部分倒装。【疑难4】Thevillagersdidnotrealizehowseriousthepollutionwasuntilallthefishdiedintheriver
题目: 倒装句 备课人：姜慧君 审批人：姜慧君 备课日期：2014. 4 授课日期：2014. 4 【学习目标】掌握倒装句的用法。 【学习重点】理解部分倒装和全部倒装。 【学习难点】倒装句的灵活使用。 【知识链接】 英语的基本语序是“主语 + 谓语”。如果将谓语的全部或一部分放在主语之前，这种语序叫做倒装语序。倒装的原因，一是语法结构的需要，二是为了强调。倒装主要有两种：部分倒装，把助动词放在主语之前，谓语的其他部分放在主语之后。全部倒装，将整个谓语放在主语之前。 【学法指导】自主学习，理解并学会运用。 【学习过程】 一、全部倒装： 1、用于there be 句型。 There are many students in the classroom. 2、句首状语引起完全倒装。以here there, now, then out, in, up, down, away 等副词开头的句子里，以表示强调。 Here comes the bus. Now comes your turn. Out went the children. 当代词作主语时，主谓语序不变。 Here it is. Here he comes. 3、句首状语为表示地点的介词短语。 South of the city lies a big steel factory. From the valley came a frightening sound. 4、表语置于句首时，倒装结构为“表语 + 系动词 + 主语” 1）形容词 + be + 主语 Present at the meeting were Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests. 2) 过去分词 + be + 主语 Gone are the days when they would do what they liked. 3) 介短 + be + 主语 Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys. 5、so, nor, neither 开头的句子，表示重复前句部分内容。 He has been to Beijing, so have I. Liwei can’t answ er the question, neither can I. so 后主谓不倒装，表示对前面所述内容的肯定、确认。 Tom is very kind, so he is. 二、部分倒装： 1、否定副词no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly 以及含有no, not 的短语(at no time, by no means, not once)放在句首时。 Never in my life have I heard such a thing. Not a single word did he say at the meeting. At no time will China turn superpower. Not once has he kept his promise. 2、以否定词开头的关联结构。not only…but also…, no sooner…than, hardly/scarcely…when.只将前半部分倒装，后半部分正常语序。Not until +时间状语 + 倒装 Not until + 句子 + 倒装。 Not until late in the evening did he come back. Not until he finished the work did he begin to watch TV . He did n’t begin to watch TV until he finished the work. Not only did he buy a bike for me but also he sent it to my house. Hardly had he got on the bus when he heard a shout. =No sooner has he got on the bus than he heard a shout. 3、only + 副词/介短/状语从句。 Only this afternoon did I finish the novel. Only in this way can you learn English well. He stays in bed when he is seriously ill. →Only when he is seriously ill does he stay in bed.
(十三)主谓一致和倒装句 主谓一致是初中阶段的重要语法项目之一，经常出现在近几年的中考试卷中。考查重点是主谓一致：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则，其中语法一致原则和就近一致原则是历年的考查热点。从命题形式来看，主要以单项选择为主，在完形填空、句型转换和翻译句子中有时也会涉及此考点。预计2016年主要考查主谓一致的基本用法，there be句型是考查的重点；倒装句主要考查so与neither引导的倒装句。 主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。主谓一致必须遵循三个原则，即语法一致原则、意义一致原则、就近一致原则。 语法一致原则是指主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致，即主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。意义一致原则是主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致，即主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，则谓语动词用复数形式；若主语形式上为复数，但表示单数意义，则谓语动词用单数形式。就近一
致原则也叫邻近原则，是指谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的主语。 ①语法一致原则 使用情况例句“不可数名词、可数名词单数、单数代词、 不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)、从句”等用作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。The girl is fond of singing. To protect the environment is our duty. Reading in the sun is bad for our eyes. 表示复数的名词、代词作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。The students are having their math class. They have been to Qingdao twice. and连接主语时，如果该并列主语指的是两个或两个以上的人或事物，谓语动词用复数形Eating vegetables and doing exercise are good for our health. The writer and teacher is coming. The writer and the teacher are coming.
文言文倒装句专题教案 【学习目标】 1．了解高考对文言倒装句式的要求。 2．理解和掌握与现代汉语不同的文言倒装句式及其用法。 3．通过相关练习加以巩固和提高。 【学习重点】学生掌握辨析较复杂的文言倒装句式方法。 【学习方法】讲练结合，注重积累。 【学习课时】1课时 【学习过程】 一、学：练习导学 阅读下面的文段，涵盖了多种文言特殊句式，请将画线的句子特征作判断，并翻译成现代汉语。 客有为齐王画者，齐问曰：“画孰最难？”曰：“犬马最难。”“孰最易？”曰：“鬼魅最易。”“何为？““夫犬马,人所知也,旦暮罄于前,不可类也,故难；鬼魅无形者,不罄于前,故易之也.” （1）客有为齐王画者（句式：） 翻译： （2）不罄于前（句式：） 翻译： 现代汉语的句子成分的顺序，一般为“主─谓─宾”“定（状）─中心词”。但在文言文中，在一定条件下，句子成分的顺序会发生变化，这就是古汉语中所谓的倒装句，即指文言文中一些句子成分的顺序出现了前后颠倒的情况。倒装句有下面几种情况： 一、主谓倒装（谓语前置或主语后置） 二、宾语前置（宾语置于动词谓语或介词之前）（复习重 点）三、定语后置（定语放在中心词之后） 四、介宾短语后置，也叫状语后置（状语处在动词谓语之后） （探：双主探究） 一、主谓倒装 主谓倒装句有三种情况：语气强烈的疑问句；语气强烈的感叹句；旧诗词为了韵律相合。 ①甚矣，汝之不惠！（汝之不惠！甚矣！） ②美哉，我少年中国！（我少年中国，美哉！） ③渺渺兮予怀（予怀渺渺兮） 二、宾语前置(重点) 文言文中，动词或介词的宾语一般置于动词或介词之后，但在特定条件下宾语前置。
1．否定句中代词作宾语，宾语前置。 ①古之人不余欺也。（不欺余） ②我无尔诈，尔无我虞。（我无诈尔，尔无虞我） ③忌不自信,而复问其妾曰……（忌不信自） 2．疑问句中疑问代词作宾语，宾语前置。 ①大王来何操？（大王来操何） ②沛公安在？（沛公在安） ③而又何羡乎？（而又羡何乎？） 3．用“之”或“是”将宾语前置，用这种宾语前置的格式时，还可以在宾语之前加上“唯(惟)”，构成“唯(惟)……是……”的格式，强调宾语的作用就更大。 ①句读之不知，惑之不解。（不知句读，不解惑） ②唯利是图。（唯图利） ③何陋之有？（有何陋？） 4．介宾短语中宾语前置 ①不然，籍何以至此？（籍以何至此） ②嗟尔远道之人胡为乎来哉？（嗟尔远道之人为胡乎来哉？） ③项伯东向坐（项伯向东坐） 三、定语后置： 1．中心语+定语+者 ①计未定，求人可使报秦者，未得。（求可使报秦者人） ②客有吹洞箫者，倚歌而和之。（有吹洞箫者客） ③楚人有涉江者（有涉江者楚人） 2．中心语+之+定语，“之”是定语后置的标志。 ①蚓无爪牙之利，筋骨之强。（蚓无利爪牙，强筋骨） ②居庙堂之高则忧其民，处江湖之远则忧其君。（居高庙堂则忧其民，处远江湖则忧其君） ③四海之大，有几人欤？（大四海，有几人欤？） 3．中心语+之（而）+定语+者，“之”是定语后置的标志。 ①石之铿然有声者，所在皆是也。（铿然有声石，所在皆是也） ②大阉之乱，缙绅而能不易其志者。（而能不易其志者缙绅） ③马之千里者，一食或尽粟一石。（千里马） 4．用数量词作定语时，数量词大多数放在中心词的后面。 ①一食或尽粟一石。（一食或尽一石粟
Inversion 倒装句型 Step 1: A quiz of the preview You were asked to preview 预习 “Inversion” on Page 89 . Now see how much you know about it. 1. How many kinds of inversions are there in English? What are they? 2. Read the inversion sentences in Reading I on Page 26. Summary: a. 句子的基本语序：_________________ eg: I love English. b. 把谓语的全部或一部分放在主语之前, 叫___________结构。 c. 如果______________放在主语之前, 叫全部倒装; eg: Here comes the car. d. 如果只把______________放在主语之前, 叫部分倒装。eg: Never have I heard such a thing. e. 倒装的原因：语法结构的需要,或者是为了强调。 Step 2: Grammar study ※ 重点一：完全倒装: 谓语置于主语前。 eg: The children went out. Out went the children. The days are gone. Gone are the days. 使用完全倒装的情况： 将下列句子变成倒装句： (1) A small factory lies in the south of the river. __________________________________________________________________________________________ (2) Mr. Green and many other guests were present at the party. __________________________________________________________________________________________ (3) The girl went away. _________________________________________________________________ 把下列倒装句变成基本语序： (1) Out rushed the boy. _________________________________________________________________ (2) On the top of the mountain stands an ancient tower. __________________________________________________________________________________________ 使用倒装句型翻译下列句子： (1)这是你想要的那本书。______ ______ the book you want. (2)那里以前没有学校。_______ _______ _______ schools before. (3)整座高楼展现在我们面前。_____ ______ ______ us lay _____ ______ ________ ※重点二：部分倒装：助动词/情态动词/be 动词置于主语前。（反复朗读下列句子） (1) I know little about your life. Little do I know about your life. (2) I have never heard such a thing. Never have I heard such a thing.
2012年全国中考题组 1.How much ________ the pair of shoes? – Twenty dollars _________ enough. A. is; is B. is; are C. are; is D. are; are 2.–Leo, ___________no milk or eggs in the fridge.- Oh, I’ll go and buy some right away. A. it is B. there is C. there are 3.–There __________ a tiger and two chimpanzees in the zoo. Let’s go there this weekend. A. are B. is C. has D. have 4.In our school library, there _________ a number of books on science and the number of them ________ growing larger and larger. A. is; are B. are; is C. have; is 5.–My brother and I will go to the library tomorrow. – Shall we go together? A. So am I B. So do I C. So I am D. So will I 6.–I heard Huang Gang made an English speech at the graduation ceremony yesterday. - ______, and __________. A. So he did; so did I B. So did he; so I did C. So he was; so was I D. So was he; so I was 7. -Tom, I am watching football match. What about you? - __________. A. So do I B. So am I C. So I do D. So I am 8. Last Sunday my aunt __________ at home with me. We were watching TV all day. A. was B. were C. is D. are 9.The reading room ___________ very quiet. I enjoy reading books there. A. am B. is C. are D. be 10.Everyone ________ I come from Sichuan. Actually, I come from Shandong. A. find B. think C. finds D. thinks 2010-2012年全国中考题组 1. Either Sam or Jane ________ TV now. A. were watching B. are watching C. is watching D. was watching 2. – It’s very hot, but quite wet today. - ____________.A. So is it B. It is so C. So it is D. So it does 3.One of my friends _______already moved to London.A. do B. does C. have D. has 4. Every student as well as some teachers who _________ to visit the museum __________ asked to be at the school gate before 7:30 in the morning.. A. are; are B. is; is C. are; is D. is; are 5.The news ___________ very interesting! Tell me more!. A. is B. are C. were D .was 6.I hear one third os the books in Wuhu Library ________ new. Let's borrow some. A. is B. are C. was D. were 7. Not only my grandma but also all of us _______ looking forward to meeting my uncle . A. am B. is C. are 8. His father likes going hiking. ________. A. So does his mother B. So is his mother C. So his mother is D. So his mother does 9. Everyone except Tom and John ____________ seen the film. A. is B. has C. are D. have 10. - After reading the story about Jin jing, I was very ___________. - ____________. She's really brave.
教学过程 一、复习预习 1、Which、who、whom、whose、that、as等关系代词引导的定语从句； 2、When、where、why等关系副词引导的定语从句 3、如何决定用关系代词还是关系副词 二、知识讲解与例题精析 主语和谓语是句子的核心，它们之间有两种语序： 一是主语在谓语之前称为自然语序（Natural Order）； 二是主语在谓语之后则称为倒装语序（Inverted Order）。 而倒装语序中又有完全倒装（Full Inversion）和部分倒装（Partial Inversion） 完全倒装（Full Inversion）:又称"全部倒装",是指将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。
部分倒装（Partial Inversion）:指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前,而谓语动词无变化。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。 英语句子的倒装一是由于语法结构的需要而进行的倒装,二是由于修辞的需要而进行的倒装。 前一种情况,倒装是必须的,否则就会出现语法错误;后一种情况,倒装是选择性的,倒装与否只会产生表达效果上的差异。 语义解析 一、表示强调: 倒装句最突出、最常见的修辞效果就是强调,其表现形式如下: 1.only +状语或状语从句置于句首,句子用部分倒装。 例子: Only in this way can you solve this problem. 只有用这种方法,你才可以解决这个问题。 Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had made a big mistake. 只有当他已经说出那个字后才意识到自己犯了个大错误。 2. hardly, in no way, little, scarcely, seldom, never, no more, no longer, not, not only, no sooner, not only … (but also),not until…等具有否定意义的词或词组位于句首,句子用部分倒装。 例子: No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. 我刚到家就下起了雨。 Seldom do I go to work by bus. 我很少乘公共汽车上班。 Not until twelve o'clock did she go to bed last night . 她昨晚十二点才上床睡觉。 3. so / such...that结构中的so或such位于句首可以构成部分倒装句,表示强调so /such和that 之间的部分。 例子:
倒装句导学案 一、仔细观察例句，参考《新测评》P73-75，把下列句子改写为倒装句并给予总结 1.e.g. Susan had hardly entered the room when the doorbell rang. ——Hardly had Susan entered the room when the doorbell rang. e.g I will lend money to him under no circumstances. ——under no circumstances will I lend money to him. e.g. She not only didn't accept my invitation, she but also was extremely angry. ——Not only did she accept my invitation, but also she was extremely angry. 1.)I have never seen such wonderful pictures in my life. Never have I seen such wonderful pictures in my life. 2.)I was bored at no time during the tour. At no time was I bored during the tour. 3. ) He seldom paints now. Seldom does he paint now. 4. ) I had hardly got to Amsterdam when it began to snow. Hardly had I got to Amsterdam when it began to snow. 5. ) We can give up learn at no time. At no time can we give up. 6.) John not only loves Chinese, he is also good at speaking it. Not only does John love Chinese, he is also good at speaking it. Conclusion __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 2.e.g. The actor came to the party only after being asked three times. ——Only after being asked three times did the actor come to the party. 7). You can learn as much about European artists only on such a trip. Only on such a trip can you learn as much about European artists. 8). I realized the importance of math only then. Only then did I realize the importance of math. 9). He was able to get happily back to work only when the war was over in 1918.