自动化专业英语教程全文翻译

UNIT 3 A P Controllers and PI Controllers
B PID Controllers and Other Controllers
UNIT 4 A Indicating Instruments
B Control Panels
PART 5Control Based on Network and Information
B System Evolution in Intelligent Buildings
UNIT 2 A Industrial Robot
B A General Introduction to Pattern Recognition
UNIT 3 A Renewable Energy
B Electric Vehicles
UNIT 1 A Automation Networking Application Areas
B Evolution of Control System Architecture
UNIT 2 A Fundamental Issues in Networked Control Systems
B Stability of NCSs with Network-induced Delay
B Induction Motor Drive
UNIT 7 A Electric Power System— — — — — — — — — — — —22
B Power System Automation
PART 2 Control Theory
UNIT 1 A The World of Control— — — — — — — — — — — —27
自动化专业英语

自动化专业英语原文和翻译Automation in the Manufacturing Industry: Overview and TranslationIntroduction:Automation has revolutionized various industries, and the manufacturing sector is no exception. This article provides an overview of automation in the manufacturing industry, discussing its benefits, challenges, and future prospects. Additionally, a translation of the content into English is provided.Overview of Automation in the Manufacturing Industry:Automation refers to the use of technology to perform tasks with minimal human intervention. In the manufacturing industry, automation plays a crucial role in improving efficiency, productivity, and quality. It involves the use of advanced machinery, robotics, and computer systems to streamline production processes.Benefits of Automation in Manufacturing:1. Increased Efficiency: Automation eliminates the need for manual labor, allowing tasks to be completed at a faster pace. This leads to increased production output and reduced production time.2. Improved Quality: Automated systems ensure consistent and accurate production, minimizing errors and defects. This results in higher product quality and customer satisfaction.3. Cost Reduction: While initial investment in automation may be high, it results in long-term cost savings. Automation reduces labor costs, decreases material waste, and optimizes energy consumption.4. Enhanced Safety: Automation eliminates the need for workers to perform hazardous tasks, reducing the risk of workplace accidents and injuries.5. Flexibility and Adaptability: Automated systems can be easily reprogrammed to accommodate changes in production requirements. This allows manufacturers to quickly adapt to market demands.Challenges of Automation in Manufacturing:1. Initial Investment: Implementing automation systems requires significant upfront investment, including the cost of machinery, software, and employee training. This can be a barrier for small and medium-sized enterprises.2. Workforce Transition: Automation may result in job displacement, as some tasks previously performed by humans are now automated. Companies must provide training programs and support for employees to transition into new roles.3. Technical Complexity: Automation systems involve complex machinery and software, requiring skilled technicians to operate and maintain them. Companies need to invest in training and hiring qualified personnel.4. Cybersecurity Risks: As manufacturing processes become more digitized, the risk of cyber threats increases. Companies must implement robust cybersecurity measures to protect sensitive data and prevent unauthorized access.Future Trends in Automation:1. Collaborative Robots: Collaborative robots, also known as cobots, are designed to work alongside humans. They can perform repetitive or physically demanding tasks, enhancing productivity and worker safety.2. Internet of Things (IoT): The integration of IoT in manufacturing enables machines to communicate and share data, leading to improved efficiency and predictive maintenance.3. Artificial Intelligence (AI): AI technologies, such as machine learning and computer vision, can optimize production processes, detect anomalies, and make real-time adjustments.4. Cloud Computing: Cloud-based automation systems allow manufacturers to access and analyze data remotely, facilitating data-driven decision-making and improving overall efficiency.5. Sustainable Automation: Automation can contribute to sustainable manufacturing practices by optimizing energy consumption, reducing waste, and improving resource efficiency.Translation of the Content:自动化在制造业中的应用：概述与翻译简介：自动化已经彻底改变了各行各业，制造业也不例外。

自动化专业英语原文和翻译引言概述：自动化专业是现代工程技术领域中的重要学科，涵盖了自动控制系统、机器人技术、工业自动化等多个方面。

在学习和实践中，掌握和理解自动化专业的英文术语和翻译是非常重要的。

本文将从五个大点出发，详细阐述自动化专业英语原文和翻译的相关内容。

正文内容：1. 自动控制系统（Automatic Control System）1.1 控制器（Controller）1.2 传感器（Sensor）1.3 执行器（Actuator）1.4 反馈（Feedback）1.5 稳定性（Stability）2. 机器人技术（Robotics）2.1 机器人（Robot）2.2 机械臂（Manipulator）2.3 传感器（Sensor）2.4 视觉系统（Vision System）2.5 自主导航（Autonomous Navigation）3. 工业自动化（Industrial Automation）3.1 自动化生产线（Automated Production Line）3.2 人机界面（Human-Machine Interface）3.3 传感器网络（Sensor Network）3.4 电气控制（Electrical Control）3.5 数据采集（Data Acquisition）4. 自动化软件（Automation Software）4.1 PLC编程（PLC Programming）4.2 HMI设计（HMI Design）4.3 数据分析（Data Analysis）4.4 模拟仿真（Simulation）4.5 系统集成（System Integration）5. 自动化工程（Automation Engineering）5.1 项目管理（Project Management）5.2 自动化设计（Automation Design）5.3 系统调试（System Debugging）5.4 故障诊断（Fault Diagnosis）5.5 性能优化（Performance Optimization）总结：综上所述，自动化专业英语原文和翻译是自动化工程师必备的技能之一。

自动化专业英语PART 1 Electrical and Electronic Engineering BasicsUNIT 1 A Electrical Networks ———————————— 3B Three-phase CircuitsUNIT 2 A The Operational Amplifier ——————————— 5B TransistorsUNIT 3 A Logical Variables and Flip-flop —————————— 8B Binary Number SystemUNIT 4 A Power Semiconductor Devices —————————— 11B Power Electronic ConvertersUNIT 5 A Types of DC Motors —————————————15B Closed-loop Control of DC DriversUNIT 6 A AC Machines ———————————————19B Induction Motor DriveUNIT 7 A Electric Power System ————————————22B Power System AutomationPART 2 Control TheoryUNIT 1 A The World of Control ————————————27B The Transfer Function and the Laplace Transformation —————29 UNIT 2 A Stability and the Time Response ————————— 30B Steady State————————————————— 31UNIT 3 A The Root Locus ————————————— 32B The Frequency Response Methods: Nyquist Diagrams ————— 33 UNIT 4 A The Frequency Response Methods: Bode Piots ————— 34B Nonlinear Control System 37UNIT 5 A Introduction to Modern Control Theory 38B State Equations 40UNIT 6 A Controllability, Observability, and StabilityB Optimum Control SystemsUNIT 7 A Conventional and Intelligent ControlB Artificial Neural NetworkPART 3 Computer Control TechnologyUNIT 1 A Computer Structure and Function 42B Fundamentals of Computer and Networks 43UNIT 2 A Interfaces to External Signals and Devices 44B The Applications of Computers 46UNIT 3 A PLC OverviewB PACs for Industrial Control, the Future of ControlUNIT 4 A Fundamentals of Single-chip Microcomputer 49B Understanding DSP and Its UsesUNIT 5 A A First Look at Embedded SystemsB Embedded Systems DesignPART 4 Process ControlUNIT 1 A A Process Control System 50B Fundamentals of Process Control 52UNIT 2 A Sensors and Transmitters 53B Final Control Elements and ControllersUNIT 3 A P Controllers and PI ControllersB PID Controllers and Other ControllersUNIT 4 A Indicating InstrumentsB Control PanelsPART 5 Control Based on Network and InformationUNIT 1 A Automation Networking Application AreasB Evolution of Control System ArchitectureUNIT 2 A Fundamental Issues in Networked Control SystemsB Stability of NCSs with Network-induced DelayUNIT 3 A Fundamentals of the Database SystemB Virtual Manufacturing—A Growing Trend in AutomationUNIT 4 A Concepts of Computer Integrated ManufacturingB Enterprise Resources Planning and BeyondPART 6 Synthetic Applications of Automatic TechnologyUNIT 1 A Recent Advances and Future Trends in Electrical Machine DriversB System Evolution in Intelligent BuildingsUNIT 2 A Industrial RobotB A General Introduction to Pattern RecognitionUNIT 3 A Renewable EnergyB Electric VehiclesUNIT 1A 电路电路或电网络由以某种方式连接的电阻器、电感器和电容器等元件组成。

自动化专业英语原文和翻译Automation in the Field of EngineeringIntroduction:Automation plays a crucial role in various industries, including the field of engineering. It involves the use of advanced technology and machinery to perform tasks with minimal human intervention. In this text, we will explore the significance of automation in the engineering sector and discuss its benefits and applications.1. Importance of Automation in Engineering:Automation has revolutionized the engineering industry by enhancing productivity, efficiency, and safety. It allows engineers to streamline processes, reduce errors, and optimize resource utilization. By automating repetitive and mundane tasks, engineers can focus on more complex and creative aspects of their work. This leads to improved project outcomes and overall customer satisfaction.2. Applications of Automation in Engineering:2.1 Industrial Automation:In manufacturing industries, automation is extensively used to control and monitor various processes. It involves the use of programmable logic controllers (PLCs), robots, and computer numerical control (CNC) machines. These technologies enable precise and consistent manufacturing, resulting in higher product quality, reduced production time, and increased output.2.2 Process Automation:Automation is also applied in process industries such as oil refineries, chemical plants, and power plants. It involves the use of distributed control systems (DCS) and supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems. These systems automate the monitoring and control of complex processes, ensuring efficient and safe operation.Automation minimizes the risk of human errors and improves the overall reliability and productivity of these industries.2.3 Building Automation:In the construction and building management sector, automation is employed to control and regulate various systems within buildings. This includes HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning), lighting, security, and energy management systems. Automation optimizes energy usage, enhances occupant comfort, and improves the overall operational efficiency of buildings.3. Advantages of Automation in Engineering:3.1 Increased Efficiency:Automation eliminates manual intervention, reducing the time required to complete tasks. This leads to increased efficiency and higher productivity in engineering processes. For example, automated assembly lines can produce products at a faster rate compared to manual assembly, thereby reducing production time and costs.3.2 Improved Accuracy and Precision:Automation ensures consistent and precise execution of tasks, minimizing errors caused by human factors. This is particularly crucial in industries where precision is vital, such as aerospace and automotive manufacturing. Automated systems can perform repetitive tasks with high accuracy, resulting in improved product quality and reliability.3.3 Enhanced Safety:Automation reduces the risk of accidents and injuries in the engineering industry. By replacing humans in hazardous or physically demanding tasks, automation improves workplace safety. For instance, robots can handle tasks involving heavy lifting or exposure to harmful substances, protecting workers from potential harm.3.4 Cost Savings:While initial investments in automation technologies may be significant, they often result in long-term cost savings. Automation reduces labor costs by minimizing the need for manual labor and increasing operational efficiency. Moreover, automation optimizes resource utilization, reduces waste, and lowers maintenance costs, leading to overall cost savings for engineering companies.4. Challenges and Considerations:4.1 Skill Requirements:The implementation of automation technologies requires skilled engineers who can design, develop, and maintain automated systems. Companies need to invest in training their workforce to adapt to the changing technological landscape and ensure a smooth transition to automation.4.2 Integration and Compatibility:Integrating automation systems with existing infrastructure and equipment can be challenging. Compatibility issues may arise between different automation components and software, requiring careful planning and coordination. It is essential to ensure seamless integration to maximize the benefits of automation.4.3 Security Concerns:As automation involves the use of interconnected systems and networks, cybersecurity becomes a critical consideration. Engineering companies must implement robust security measures to protect against potential cyber threats and ensure the integrity and confidentiality of sensitive data.Conclusion:Automation has become an integral part of the engineering industry, enabling increased productivity, efficiency, and safety. From industrial manufacturing to building management, automation offers numerous benefits, including improved accuracy, reduced costs, and enhanced workplace safety. However, it is crucial to address challenges such as skill requirements, integration issues, and cybersecurity concerns tosuccessfully implement automation in engineering processes. Embracing automation will undoubtedly pave the way for a more advanced and sustainable future in the field of engineering.。

自动化专业英语原文和翻译Automation in the Field of EngineeringIntroduction:Automation plays a crucial role in various industries, including the field of engineering. It involves the use of technology and machinery to perform tasks with minimal human intervention. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of automation in the engineering domain, covering its importance, applications, and benefits. Additionally, a translation of the content into English will be provided.1. Importance of Automation in Engineering:Automation has revolutionized the engineering sector by improving efficiency, accuracy, and productivity. It eliminates repetitive and mundane tasks, allowing engineers to focus on more complex and innovative projects. By reducing human error, automation ensures the precision and reliability of engineering processes. Moreover, it enhances safety by minimizing the risks associated with manual labor in hazardous environments.2. Applications of Automation in Engineering:2.1 Industrial Automation:Industrial automation is widely employed in manufacturing processes, such as assembly lines, material handling, and quality control. It involves the use of robots, programmable logic controllers (PLCs), and computer numerical control (CNC) machines to streamline production, increase output, and maintain consistent product quality.2.2 Process Automation:Process automation is utilized in various industries, including chemical, petrochemical, and pharmaceutical sectors. It involves automating complex processes,such as batch production, mixing, and monitoring, to ensure accuracy, reduce waste, and enhance safety. Process control systems, sensors, and advanced algorithms are integral components of process automation.2.3 Building Automation:Building automation focuses on optimizing energy consumption, comfort, and security in residential, commercial, and industrial buildings. It includes automated lighting, HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) systems, access control, and surveillance systems. Building automation improves energy efficiency, reduces operational costs, and provides a comfortable and secure environment.2.4 Robotics and Artificial Intelligence (AI):Robots and AI have revolutionized the engineering field. Robots are extensively used in manufacturing, construction, and exploration tasks, performing operations that are dangerous or impossible for humans. AI-powered systems enable machines to learn, adapt, and make decisions, enhancing automation capabilities in various engineering applications.3. Benefits of Automation in Engineering:3.1 Increased Efficiency and Productivity:Automation reduces human effort, enabling engineers to complete tasks faster and more efficiently. It eliminates manual errors, enhances accuracy, and ensures consistent output. This leads to increased productivity and allows engineers to focus on higher-value activities.3.2 Cost Reduction:Automation reduces labor costs by replacing manual tasks with machines. It also minimizes material waste and optimizes resource utilization, resulting in overall cost savings. Additionally, automation reduces the risk of accidents and associated expenses, such as worker compensation.3.3 Improved Quality and Reliability:Automation systems provide precise control over engineering processes, resulting in improved product quality and reliability. By eliminating human error, automation ensures consistency and adherence to specifications. This leads to enhanced customer satisfaction and brand reputation.3.4 Enhanced Safety:Automation eliminates the need for humans to perform dangerous tasks, reducing the risk of injuries and accidents. It also enables remote monitoring and control of critical processes, ensuring the safety of workers in hazardous environments. Overall, automation improves workplace safety and minimizes occupational hazards.Translation:自动化在工程领域的应用简介：自动化在包括工程领域在内的各个行业中起着至关重要的作用。

PART 1 Electrical and Electronic Engineering BasicsUNIT 1 A Electrical Networks ————————————3B Three-phase CircuitsUNIT 2 A The Operational Amplifier ———————————5B TransistorsUNIT 3 A Logical Variables and Flip-flop ——————————8B Binary Number SystemUNIT 4 A Power Semiconductor Devices ——————————11B Power Electronic ConvertersUNIT 5 A Types of DC Motors —————————————15B Closed-loop Control of DC DriversUNIT 6 A AC Machines ———————————————19B Induction Motor DriveUNIT 7 A Electric Power System ————————————22B Power System AutomationPART 2 Control TheoryUNIT 1 A The World of Control ————————————27B The Transfer Function and the Laplace Transformation —————29 UNIT 2 A Stability and the Time Response —————————30B Steady State—————————————————31 UNIT 3 A The Root Locus —————————————32B The Frequency Response Methods: Nyquist Diagrams —————33 UNIT 4 A The Frequency Response Methods: Bode Piots —————34B Nonlinear Control System 37UNIT 5 A Introduction to Modern Control Theory 38B State Equations 40UNIT 6 A Controllability, Observability, and StabilityB Optimum Control SystemsUNIT 7 A Conventional and Intelligent ControlB Artificial Neural NetworkPART 3 Computer Control TechnologyUNIT 1 A Computer Structure and Function 42B Fundamentals of Computer and Networks 43UNIT 2 A Interfaces to External Signals and Devices 44B The Applications of Computers 46UNIT 3 A PLC OverviewB PACs for Industrial Control, the Future of ControlUNIT 4 A Fundamentals of Single-chip Microcomputer 49B Understanding DSP and Its UsesUNIT 5 A A First Look at Embedded SystemsB Embedded Systems DesignPART 4 Process ControlUNIT 1 A A Process Control System 50B Fundamentals of Process Control 52UNIT 2 A Sensors and Transmitters 53B Final Control Elements and ControllersUNIT 3 A P Controllers and PI ControllersB PID Controllers and Other ControllersUNIT 4 A Indicating InstrumentsB Control PanelsPART 5 Control Based on Network and InformationUNIT 1 A Automation Networking Application AreasB Evolution of Control System ArchitectureUNIT 2 A Fundamental Issues in Networked Control SystemsB Stability of NCSs with Network-induced DelayUNIT 3 A Fundamentals of the Database SystemB Virtual Manufacturing—A Growing Trend in AutomationUNIT 4 A Concepts of Computer Integrated ManufacturingB Enterprise Resources Planning and BeyondPART 6 Synthetic Applications of Automatic TechnologyUNIT 1 A Recent Advances and Future Trends in Electrical Machine Drivers B System Evolution in Intelligent BuildingsUNIT 2 A Industrial RobotB A General Introduction to Pattern RecognitionUNIT 3 A Renewable EnergyB Electric VehiclesUNIT 1A 电路电路或电网络由以某种方式连接的电阻器、电感器和电容器等元件组成。

自动化专业英语原文和翻译AbstractWith the rapid advancement of technology, automation has become an integral part of various industries. As a result, there is a growing demand for professionals who are proficient in both automation and English language skills. This document aims to provide a standard format for writing original texts and their translations in the field of automation.IntroductionAutomation, also known as automatic control, is the use of various control systems for operating equipment and machinery without human intervention. It involves the application of computer systems, robotics, and information technologies to streamline processes and increase efficiency. The automation industry is expanding rapidly across the globe, and professionals in this field are required to possess not only technical expertise but also strong English language skills to effectively communicate and collaborate with international partners.Original TextTitle: The Role of Automation in Manufacturing IndustryAutomation has revolutionized the manufacturing industry by significantly improving productivity and reducing human errors. This article explores the various applications of automation in manufacturing and its impact on production processes. It discusses the use of programmable logic controllers (PLCs), robotics, and computer numerical control (CNC) machines in automating tasks such as assembly, material handling, and quality control. Furthermore, it highlights the benefits of automation, including increased accuracy, faster production cycles, and reduced labor costs. The article concludes by emphasizing the importance of continuous innovation and adaptation to stay competitive in the dynamic manufacturing landscape.Translation标题：自动化在制造业中的作用自动化通过显著提高生产效率和减少人为错误，彻底改变了制造业。

自动化专业英语PART 1 Electrical and Electronic Engineering BasicsUNIT 1 A Electrical Networks ———————————— 3B Three-phase CircuitsUNIT 2 A The Operational Amplifier ——————————— 5B TransistorsUNIT 3 A Logical Variables and Flip-flop —————————— 8B Binary Number SystemUNIT 4 A Power Semiconductor Devices —————————— 11B Power Electronic ConvertersUNIT 5 A Types of DC Motors —————————————15B Closed-loop Control of DC DriversUNIT 6 A AC Machines ———————————————19B Induction Motor DriveUNIT 7 A Electric Power System ————————————22B Power System AutomationPART 2 Control TheoryUNIT 1 A The World of Control ————————————27B The Transfer Function and the Laplace Transformation —————29 UNIT 2 A Stability and the Time Response ————————— 30B Steady State————————————————— 31UNIT 3 A The Root Locus ————————————— 32B The Frequency Response Methods: Nyquist Diagrams ————— 33 UNIT 4 A The Frequency Response Methods: Bode Piots ————— 34B Nonlinear Control System 37UNIT 5 A Introduction to Modern Control Theory 38B State Equations 40UNIT 6 A Controllability, Observability, and StabilityB Optimum Control SystemsUNIT 7 A Conventional and Intelligent ControlB Artificial Neural NetworkPART 3 Computer Control TechnologyUNIT 1 A Computer Structure and Function 42B Fundamentals of Computer and Networks 43UNIT 2 A Interfaces to External Signals and Devices 44B The Applications of Computers 46UNIT 3 A PLC OverviewB PACs for Industrial Control, the Future of ControlUNIT 4 A Fundamentals of Single-chip Microcomputer 49B Understanding DSP and Its UsesUNIT 5 A A First Look at Embedded SystemsB Embedded Systems DesignPART 4 Process ControlUNIT 1 A A Process Control System 50B Fundamentals of Process Control 52UNIT 2 A Sensors and Transmitters 53B Final Control Elements and ControllersUNIT 3 A P Controllers and PI ControllersB PID Controllers and Other ControllersUNIT 4 A Indicating InstrumentsB Control PanelsPART 5 Control Based on Network and InformationUNIT 1 A Automation Networking Application AreasB Evolution of Control System ArchitectureUNIT 2 A Fundamental Issues in Networked Control SystemsB Stability of NCSs with Network-induced DelayUNIT 3 A Fundamentals of the Database SystemB Virtual Manufacturing—A Growing Trend in AutomationUNIT 4 A Concepts of Computer Integrated ManufacturingB Enterprise Resources Planning and BeyondPART 6 Synthetic Applications of Automatic TechnologyUNIT 1 A Recent Advances and Future Trends in Electrical Machine DriversB System Evolution in Intelligent BuildingsUNIT 2 A Industrial RobotB A General Introduction to Pattern RecognitionUNIT 3 A Renewable EnergyB Electric VehiclesUNIT 1A 电路电路或电网络由以某种方式连接的电阻器、电感器和电容器等元件组成。

自动化专业英语原文和翻译引言概述：自动化是现代工程技术领域中的重要学科，它涉及到自动控制系统、机器人技术、传感器技术等多个领域。

在自动化专业中，学习和掌握英语是必不可少的，因为英语是国际通用语言，也是自动化领域中的重要交流工具。

本文将介绍一些常见的自动化专业英语原文和翻译，以帮助学习者更好地理解和运用这些术语。

一、自动化概念及应用1.1 自动化定义英文原文：Automation refers to the use of technology to control and operate processes or systems without human intervention.翻译：自动化是指利用技术来控制和操作过程或系统，无需人为干预。

1.2 自动化应用领域英文原文：Automation is widely applied in manufacturing, transportation, healthcare, and many other industries.翻译：自动化广泛应用于制造业、交通运输、医疗保健等许多行业。

1.3 自动化优势英文原文：Automation offers advantages such as increased productivity, improved efficiency, and enhanced safety.翻译：自动化提供了增加生产力、提高效率和增强安全性等优势。

二、自动控制系统2.1 自动控制系统定义英文原文：An automatic control system is a set of devices that manage and regulate the behavior of a system or process automatically.翻译：自动控制系统是一组设备，能够自动管理和调节系统或过程的行为。

2.2 自动控制系统组成英文原文：An automatic control system consists of sensors, actuators, controllers, and communication networks.翻译：自动控制系统由传感器、执行器、控制器和通信网络组成。

自动化专业英语原文和翻译Automation in the Field of EngineeringIntroduction:Automation plays a crucial role in various industries, including the field of engineering. This article aims to provide a detailed overview of automation in engineering, its significance, and its impact on various sectors. Additionally, it will discuss the importance of English proficiency in the automation industry, providing an original English text along with its translation.1. The Significance of Automation in Engineering:Automation refers to the use of technology and machines to perform tasks with minimal human intervention. In the field of engineering, automation has revolutionized processes, increasing efficiency, accuracy, and productivity. It has enabled engineers to focus on more complex and creative tasks, leaving repetitive and mundane tasks to automated systems.2. Automation in Various Engineering Sectors:2.1 Manufacturing Industry:Automation has transformed the manufacturing industry by introducing advanced robotics and computer-controlled systems. Assembly lines and production processes are now automated, resulting in faster production, reduced errors, and improved quality control. This has led to increased productivity and cost-effectiveness.2.2 Construction Industry:Automation has also made significant strides in the construction industry. Robotic systems can now perform tasks such as bricklaying, concrete pouring, and welding, reducing the need for manual labor. This not only enhances safety but also accelerates project completion, resulting in cost savings and improved efficiency.2.3 Energy Sector:Automation has revolutionized the energy sector, particularly in power generation and distribution. Automated systems monitor and control energy production, ensuring optimal performance and minimizing downtime. Additionally, smart grids enable efficient energy distribution and consumption, contributing to sustainability and reducing environmental impact.2.4 Transportation and Logistics:Automation has greatly impacted the transportation and logistics sector. Automated systems such as conveyor belts, robotic arms, and autonomous vehicles streamline operations, reducing manual labor and human error. This leads to faster and more efficient transportation of goods, improving supply chain management.3. English Proficiency in the Automation Industry:English proficiency is crucial in the automation industry due to its global nature. Engineers and professionals in this field need to communicate and collaborate with colleagues, clients, and suppliers from different countries. Effective communication ensures the successful implementation and operation of automated systems.Original English Text:"The integration of automation in engineering has revolutionized industries worldwide. From manufacturing to construction, automation has enhanced efficiency, accuracy, and productivity. With the advent of advanced robotics and computer-controlled systems, engineers can now focus on more complex tasks while leaving repetitive tasks to automated systems. Moreover, automation has significantly impacted the energy sector, transportation, and logistics, leading to cost savings and improved sustainability. English proficiency is essential in this industry as it enables effective communication and collaboration with international stakeholders."Translation:"工程领域中自动化的融合已经在全球范围内引起了革命性的变化。

如某动态响应是满足需要的，就不需要第二步了。 如果系统不能满足要求，而且不能改变被控对象， 就需要进行系统设计，来选择使动态性能达到要求 的控制元件。
categories 类型 be characterized by ..的特点在于
Control theory itself has two categories:classical and modern.Classical control theory, which had its start during Word War II, can be characterized by the transfer function concept with analysis and design principally in the Laplace and frequency domains.
自动飞行控制系统把飞行员从保持正确航向、高度和姿 态的连续操作任务中解脱出来。没有了这些常规操作，飞 行员可以执行其他的任务，如领航或通讯，这样就减少了 所需的机组人员，降低了飞行费用。
intuition 直觉 commands 命令 disturbances 扰动
dynamic regulations
航向 姿态 机组人员
An autopilot(flight control system) relieves the pilot of the task of continuously operating the controls to maintain the desired heading, altitued, and atitude.Freed of this routine task,the pilot can perform other tasks,such as navigation and/or communications, thus reducing the number of crew required and consequently the operating cost of the aircarft

P2U1A The World of Control
第二部分第一单元课文A 控制的世界
控制系统的分类和术语 控制系统可根据系统本 R(s) C(s) 身或其参量进行分类： 控制对象 控制元件 开环和闭环系统（如图 a) 2-1A-1）：开环控制系统是 R(s) C(s) 控制行为与输出无关的系统。 控制对象 控制元件 + 而闭环系统，其被控对象的 输入在某种程度上依赖于实 际的输出。因为输出以由反 反馈元件 馈元件决定的一种函数形式 b) 反馈回来，然后被输入减去。 闭环系统通常是指负反馈系 图2-1A-1 开环控制系统和闭环控制系统 统或简称为反馈系统。
P2U1A The World of Control
第二部分第一单元课文A 控制的世界
5. 参考译文
A 控制的世界 简介 控制一词的含义一般是调节、指导或者命令。控制系统大 量存在于我们周围。在最抽象的意义上说，每个物理对象都是 一个控制系统。 控制系统被人们用来扩展自己的能力，补偿生理上的限制， 或把自己从常规、单调的工作中解脱出来，或者用来节省开支。 例如在现代航空器中，功率助推装置可以把飞行员的力量放大， 从而克服巨大的空气阻力推动飞行控制翼面。飞行员的反应速 度太慢，如果不附加阻尼偏航系统，飞行员就无法通过轻微阻 尼的侧倾转向方式来驾驶飞机。自动飞行控制系统把飞行员从 保持正确航向、高度和姿态的连续操作任务中解脱出来。没有 了这些常规操作，飞行员可以执行其他的任务，如领航或通讯， 这样就减少了所需的机组人员，降低了飞行费用。 在很多情况下，控制系统的设计是基于某种理论，而不是 靠直觉或试凑法。控制系统能够用来处理系统对命令、调节或 扰动的动态响应。控制理论的应用基本上有两个方面：动态
July 28, 2007

自动化专业英语原文和翻译Automation in the Field of EngineeringIntroduction:Automation plays a crucial role in various industries, including engineering. In this text, we will explore the concept of automation in the field of engineering, its applications, benefits, and challenges. Additionally, a translation of the text into English will be provided.1. Definition of Automation in Engineering:Automation in engineering refers to the use of technology and machinery to perform tasks or processes with minimal human intervention. It involves the design, development, and implementation of systems that can operate autonomously or with minimal human supervision.2. Applications of Automation in Engineering:2.1 Industrial Automation:Industrial automation is widely used in manufacturing industries to optimize production processes, increase efficiency, and improve product quality. It involves the use of robots, programmable logic controllers (PLCs), and computerized systems to control and monitor various manufacturing operations.2.2 Process Automation:Process automation is employed in industries such as chemical, oil and gas, and pharmaceuticals to automate complex and repetitive processes. It ensures consistency, accuracy, and safety in tasks such as mixing, blending, and packaging.2.3 Control Systems:Automation is extensively used in control systems to regulate and monitor various parameters such as temperature, pressure, and flow rate. These systems ensure stability, precision, and reliability in critical processes, such as power generation, water treatment, and transportation.3. Benefits of Automation in Engineering:3.1 Increased Efficiency:Automation eliminates manual errors and speeds up processes, resulting in increased productivity and efficiency. It allows engineers to focus on more complex tasks, research, and innovation.3.2 Cost Reduction:By automating repetitive tasks, companies can reduce labor costs and optimize resource utilization. Automation also minimizes the risk of accidents and equipment damage, leading to cost savings in the long run.3.3 Improved Quality and Accuracy:Automation ensures consistent and precise execution of tasks, reducing the chances of human error. This leads to improved product quality, increased customer satisfaction, and reduced rework or rejection rates.3.4 Enhanced Safety:Automation eliminates the need for human workers to perform hazardous or physically demanding tasks. It reduces the risk of workplace accidents and promotes a safer working environment.4. Challenges of Automation in Engineering:4.1 Initial Investment:Implementing automation systems requires a significant upfront investment in technology, equipment, and training. Companies need to carefully evaluate the cost-benefit analysis before deciding to automate their processes.4.2 Workforce Adaptation:Automation may lead to job displacement or require employees to acquire new skills to operate and maintain automated systems. Companies must provide training and support to ensure a smooth transition for their workforce.4.3 System Integration:Integrating different automation systems and technologies can be complex, especially when dealing with legacy systems. Compatibility issues and software/hardware integration challenges need to be addressed for seamless operation.4.4 Cybersecurity Risks:As automation systems become more interconnected and reliant on digital technologies, the risk of cyber threats and data breaches increases. Companies must implement robust cybersecurity measures to protect sensitive information and maintain system integrity.Translation (English):Automation in the Field of EngineeringIntroduction:Automation在各行各业中起着重要的作用，包括工程领域。

自动化专业英语原文和翻译Abstract:This document provides a comprehensive overview of the field of automation, including its definition, applications, and current trends. It also includes a detailed explanation of key terms and concepts related to automation. The document aims to serve as a resource for professionals and students in the field of automation, as well as anyone interested in gaining a deeper understanding of this rapidly evolving discipline.1. IntroductionAutomation is the use of technology to perform tasks with minimal human intervention. It involves the design, development, and implementation of systems that can operate autonomously or semi-autonomously. Automation has revolutionized various industries, including manufacturing, transportation, healthcare, and agriculture, by increasing efficiency, productivity, and safety.2. Definition and ScopeAutomation encompasses a wide range of technologies and processes, such as robotics, artificial intelligence, machine learning, and control systems. It involves the integration of hardware and software components to create intelligent systems capable of performing complex tasks. The scope of automation includes industrial automation, process automation, home automation, and office automation.3. Applications of Automation3.1 Manufacturing AutomationManufacturing automation involves the use of machines and robotic systems to automate production processes. It includes tasks such as assembly, packaging, material handling, and quality control. Automation in manufacturing has led to increased production rates, improved product quality, and reduced labor costs.3.2 Transportation AutomationTransportation automation aims to automate various aspects of transportation systems, including vehicles, traffic control, and logistics. It includes technologies such as autonomous vehicles, intelligent transportation systems, and automated warehouses. Automation in transportation can enhance safety, reduce congestion, and optimize resource utilization.3.3 Healthcare AutomationHealthcare automation involves the use of technology to streamline healthcare processes and improve patient care. It includes electronic medical records, telemedicine, robotic surgery, and automated drug dispensing systems. Automation in healthcare can enhance accuracy, reduce errors, and improve overall efficiency.3.4 Agriculture AutomationAgriculture automation focuses on automating agricultural processes to increase productivity and reduce labor requirements. It includes technologies such as precision farming, automated irrigation systems, and robotic harvesting. Automation in agriculture can optimize resource usage, improve crop yields, and minimize environmental impact.4. Key Terms and Concepts4.1 RoboticsRobotics is the branch of automation that deals with the design, construction, and operation of robots. Robots are programmable machines capable of carrying out tasks autonomously or under human supervision. They can be used in various industries for tasks that are dangerous, repetitive, or require high precision.4.2 Artificial Intelligence (AI)Artificial Intelligence refers to the ability of machines to mimic human intelligence and perform tasks that typically require human intelligence, such as speech recognition,decision-making, and problem-solving. AI is a key component of many automation systems, enabling machines to learn from data and adapt to changing conditions.4.3 Machine LearningMachine Learning is a subset of AI that focuses on the development of algorithms and models that allow machines to learn from data and make predictions or decisions without explicit programming. Machine learning algorithms are used in various automation applications, such as image recognition, natural language processing, and predictive maintenance.4.4 Control SystemsControl systems are used to monitor and regulate the behavior of machines and processes. They involve sensors, actuators, and feedback mechanisms to maintain desired performance and stability. Control systems are essential in automation to ensure accurate and reliable operation of automated systems.5. Current Trends in Automation5.1 Internet of Things (IoT)The Internet of Things refers to the network of interconnected devices that can communicate and exchange data. IoT enables automation by connecting physical objects to the internet, allowing remote monitoring and control. It has applications in various domains, such as smart homes, industrial automation, and healthcare.5.2 Big Data AnalyticsBig Data Analytics involves the use of advanced analytics techniques to extract insights from large and complex datasets. In automation, big data analytics can be used to optimize processes, detect anomalies, and make data-driven decisions. It enables predictive maintenance, real-time monitoring, and continuous improvement.5.3 Collaborative RobotsCollaborative robots, also known as cobots, are designed to work alongside humans in a shared workspace. They are equipped with sensors and safety features to ensure safe interaction with humans. Collaborative robots are increasingly used in manufacturing, healthcare, and other industries to enhance productivity and flexibility.Conclusion:Automation is a rapidly evolving field with significant implications for various industries and society as a whole. This document has provided an in-depth overview of automation, including its definition, applications, key terms, and current trends. It serves as a valuable resource for professionals and students in the field of automation, as well as anyone interested in understanding the fundamental concepts and advancements in this exciting discipline.。

第六单元A AC Machines交流机In troductio n简介The electrical mach ine that conv erts electrical en ergy into mecha ni cal en ergy, and vice versa, is the workhorse in a drive system. A machi ne is a complex structure electrically, mechanically, and thermally.Although machines were introduced more than one hun dred years ago, the research and developme nt in this area appears to be n ever-e nding. However, the evoluti on of machi nes has bee n slow compared to that of power semic on ductor devices and power electr onic con verters.Traditi on ally, AC machines with a constant frequency sinusoidal power supply have been used in con sta nt-speed applicatio ns, whereas DC mach ines were preferred for variable-speed drives. But in the last two or three decades,we have seen extensive research and development efforts for variable-frequency, variable-speed AC machine drive tech no logy, and they will progressively replace DC drives. In most cases, new applicati ons use AC drives.将电能转换成机械能或将机械能转换成电能的电机是传动系统中的主要组成部分。

An automatic controller compares the actual value of the plant output with the desired value,determines the deviation,and produces a control signal which will reduce the deviation to zero or to small value. The manner in which the automatic controller produces the control signal is called the control action.自动控制器把对象的实际输出与期望值进行比较，确定偏差，并产生一个使误差为零或微小值的控制信号。

自动控制器产生控制信号的方式叫做控制作用。

Here we shall present the basic control actions commonly used in industrial automatic controllers. First we shall introduce the principle of operation of automatic controllers and the methods for generating various control signals,such as the use of the derivative and integral of the error signal. Next we shall discuss the effects of particular control modes on the system performance. Then we shall give a brief discussion of methods for reducing the effects of external disturbances on the system performance. Finally,we shall introduce fluid amplifiers,present basic principles of fluidics,and discuss applications of fluidic devices.这里我们会介绍常用工业自动控制器的基本控制操作。