2014年职称英语考试综合类B级C级完形填空与阅读理解字典版重点预测标注版正反打印
6 Once-daily Pill Could Simplify HIV Treatment
Bristol-Myers Myers Squibb and Gilead Sciences have combined many HIV drugs into a single pill Sometimes the best medicine is more than one kind of medicine. Malaria, tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS,2 for example, are all treated with combinations of drugs. But that can mean a lot of pills to take. It would be simpler if drug companies combined all the medicines into a single pill, taken just once a dayNow, two companies say they have done that for people just starting treatment for HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. The companies are Bristol-Myers Squibb and Gilead Sciences. They have developed a single pill that combines three drugs currently on the market.3 Bristol-Myers Squibb sells one of them under the name of Sustiva.4 Gilead combined the others, Emtriva and Viread, into a single pill in two thousand fourCombining drugs involves more than technical issues. It also involves issues of competition if the drugs are made by different companies. The new once-daily pill is the result of what is described as the first joint venture agreement of its kind in the treatment of HIV
In January the New England Journal of Medicine5 published a study of the new pill. Researchers compared its effectiveness to6 that of the widely used combination of Sustiva and Combivir. Combivir contains two drugs, AZT7 and 3TC.8 The researchers say that after one year of treatment, the new pill suppressed HIV levels in more patients and with fewer side effects.9 Gilead paid for the study. Professor Joel Gallant at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine in Baltimore, Maryland, led the research. He is a paid adviser to Gilead and Bristol-Meyers Squibb as well as the maker of Combivir, GlaxoSmithKlineGlaxo Smith Kline reacted to the findings by saying that a single study is of limited value. It says the effectiveness of Combivir has been shown in each of more than fifty studiesThe price of the new once-daily pill has not been announced. But Gilead and Bristol-Myers Squibb say they will provide it at reduced cost to developing countries. They plan in the next few months to ask the United States Food and Drug Administration10 to approve the new pillThere are limits to who could take it because of the different drugs it contains. For example, pregnant women are told not to take Sustiva because of the risk of birth disorders.11 Experts say more than forty million people around the world are living with HIV
7 Exercise
Whether or not exercise addsto the length of life, it is common experience that a certain amount of regular exercise improves the health
and contributes a feeling of well-being. Furthermore, exerise which involves play and recreation, and relieves nervous tension and mental fatigue in so doing, is not only pleasant but beneficial.
How much and what kind of exercise one should take merits careful consideration.The growing child and the normal young man and young woman thrill with the exhilaration of strenuous sports. They fatigue to the point of exhaustion but recover promptly with a period of rest. But not so with those _of middle age and beyond. For them moderation is of vital importance. Just how much exercise a person of a given age can safely take is question hard _to answer. Individual variability istoo great to permit of generalization. A game of tennis may be perfectly safe for one person of forty but folly for another. The sage limit for exercise depends on the condition of the heart, the condition of the muscles, the type of exercise, and the regularity with which it is taken. Two general suggestions, however, will serve as sound advice for anyone. The first is that the condition of the heart and general health should be determined periodically by careful, thorough physical examinations. The other is that exercise should be kept below the point of physical exhaustion.
What type of exercise one should choose _depens upon one’s physical condition. Young people can safely enjoy vigorous competitive sports, but most older persons do better to limit themselves to less strenuous activities. Walking, swimming, skating are among the sports that one can
enjoy and safely participate in throughout life. Regularity is important if one is to get the most enjoyment and benefit out of exercise.
9 The Case of the Disappearing Fingerprints
One useful anti-cancer drug can effectively erase the whorls and other characteristic marks that give people their distinctive fingerprints. Losing them could become troublesome. A case
released online in a letter by Annals of Oncology indicates how big a problem of losing fingerprints is.
Eng-Huat Tan, a Singapore-based medical doctor describes a 62-year old man who has used capecitabine to treat his nasopharyngeal cancer. After three years on the drug ,the patient decided to visit U. S. relatives last December. But he was stopped by U. S. customs officials for 4 hours after entering the country when those officials couldn't get fingerprints from the man. There were no distinctive swirly marks appearing from his index finger.
U. S. customs has been fingerprinting incoming foreign visitors for years, Tan says. Their index fingers are printed and screened against digital files of the fingerprints of bad guys? terrorists and potential criminals that our federal guardians have been tasked with keeping out of the country. Unfortunately, for the Singaporean traveler,one potential side effect of his drug treatment is a smoothing of the tissue on the finger pads. Hence ,no fingerprints.
“It is uncertain when fingerprint loss will begin to take place in patients who are taking capecitabine,” Tan points out. So he cautions any physicians who prescribe the drug to provide their patients with .a doctor’s note pointing out that their medicine may cause fingerprints to disappear.
Eventually, the Singapore traveler made it into the United States.
I guess the name on his passport didn’t raise any red flags. But he,s also now got the explanatory doctor’s note ? and won’t leave home prescribe it.
By the way, maybe the Food and Drug Administration, which approved use of the drug
11 years ago, should consider updating its list of side effects associated with this medicine. The current list does note that patients may experience vomiting, stomach pain and some other side effects. But no where does it mention the potential for loss of fingerprints.
10 Hospital Mistreatment
According to a study, most medical interns report experiencing mistreatment, including humiliation by senior doctors, being threatened, or physical abuse in their first year out of medical school.
The findings come from analysis of the responses to a 13-page survey mailed in January 1991 to 1, 733 second-year residents. The survey and analysis appear in the April 15th issue of the Journal of the American
Medical AssociationOverall, out of the 1,277 residents who completed surveys, 1,185 said that they had experienced at least one incident of mistreatment in their intern year. In addition to reporting incidents where they were abused, more than 45% of the residents said they had witnessed at least one incident where other persons had made false medical records. Moreover, nearly three quarters of the residents said they had witnessed mistreatment of patients by other residents, attending physicians, or nurses. Almost 40% said patient mistreatment was a frequent eventMore than 10% of the residents said they were not allowed to have enough sleep, and the average number of hours without _ sleep was 37.6. The average on-call hours during a _ typical week was 56.9 hours, but about 25% of the residents said their on-call assignments were more than 80 hours some weeks. Although 30% of the residents said they experienced some type of sexual harassment or discrimination, verbal abuse was the most common problem cited. When abusive incidents were limited to events occurring three or more times, 53% of the respondents reported that they were belittled or humiliated by more senior residents, while just over 21% reported someone taking credit for their work. Being “given tasks f or punishment,” “being pushed, kicked or hit,” and having someone “threatening your reputation or career,” were reported as a more frequent occurrence by over 10% of the responding residents.
11 Migrant Workers
In the past twenty years, there has been an increasing tendency for workers to move from one country to another. While some newly independent countries have understandably restricted most jobs to local people, others have attracted and welcomed migrant workers. This is particularly the case in the Middle East,1 where increased oil incomes have enabled many countries to call in outsiders to improve local facilities. Thus the Middle East has attracted oil-workers from the USA and Europe. It has brought in construction workers and technicians from many countries, including South Korea and Japan.
In view of the difficult living and working conditions in the Middle East, 2 it is not surprising that the pay is high to attract suitable workers. Many engineers and technicians can earn at least twice as much money in the Middle East as they can in their own country, and this is a major attraction. An allied benefit is the low taxation or complete lack of it. 3 This increases the net amount of pay received by visiting workers and is very popular with them.
Sometimes a disadvantage has a compensating advantage. For example, the difficult living conditions often lead to increased friendship when workers have to depend on each other for safety and comfort. In a similar way, many migrant workers can save large sums of money partly because of the lack of entertainment facilities. The work is often complex and full of problems but this merely presents greater challenge to engineers who
prefer to find solutions to problems rather than do routine work in their home country.
One major problem which affects migrant workers in the Middle East is that their jobs are temporary ones. They are nearly always on contract, so it is not easy for them to plan ahead with great confidence. This is to be expected since no country welcomes a large number of foreign workers as permanent residents. In any case , migrant workers accept this disadvantage, along with others, because of the considerable financial benefits which they receive.
13 Scientists Develop Ways of Detecting Heart Attack
German researchers have come up with? a new generation of defibrillators and early-warning software aimed at offering heart patients greater protection from sudden death from cardiac arrest.
In Germany alone around 100,000 people die annually as a result of cardiac arrest and many of these cases are caused by disruption to the heart’s rhythm. Those most at risk are patients who have already suffered a heart attack, and for years the use of defibrillators has proved useful in diagnosing life-threatening disruption to heart rnythms and correcting them automatically by intervening within seconds. These devicestake on a range of functions, such as that of pacemaker.
Heart specialists at Freiburg’s University Clinic have now achieved a breakthrough with an implanted defibrillatorcapable ?of generating a
six-channel electrocardiogram ECG within the body. This integrated system allows early diagnosis of acute blood-flow problems and a pending heart attack. It will be implanted in patients for the first time this year. Meanwhile, researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Mathematics in Kaiserslautern have developed new computer software that renders of ECG data more precise.
The overwhelming majority of patients at risk will not have an implanted defibrillator and must for this reason undergo regular ECGs. “Many of the current programs only get into account a linear correlation of the data. We are, however, making use in a non-linear process that reveals the chaotic patterns of heart beats as an open and complex system,” Hagen Knaf says, “In this way?changes in the heart beats over time can be monitored and individual variations in patients taken into account.” An old study of ECG data, based upon 600 patients who had suffered a subsequent heart attack, enabled the researchers to compare risks and to show that the new software evaluates the data considerably better.
14 Young Adults Who Exercise Get Higher IQ Scores
Young adults who are fit have a higher IQ and are more likely to go on to university, reveals a major new study carried out at the Sahlgrenska Academy and Sahlgrenska University Hospital.
The results were recently published in the Proceedings of the National
Academy of Sciences PNAS. The study involved 1.2 million Swedish men doing military service who were born between 1950 and 1976. The research group analyzed the results of both physical and IQ tests the youngsters took right after they started serving the army.
The study shows a clear link between good physical fitness and better results for the IQ test. The strongest links are for logical thinking and verbal comprehension. But it is only fitness that plays a role in the results for the IQ test,and not strength. “Being fit means that you also have good heart and lung capacity and that your brain gets plenty of oxygen ,” says Michael Nilsson, professor at the Sahlgrenska Academy and chief physician at the Sahlgrenska University Hospital. “This may be one of the reasons why we can see a clear link with fitness, but not with muscular strength. We are also seeing that there are growth factors that are important. ”
By analyzing data for twins, the researchers have been able to determine that it is primarily environmental factors and not genes that explain the link between fitness and a higher IQ.
“We have also shown that those youngsters who improve their physical fitness between the ages of 15 and 18 increase their cognitive performance,” says Maria Aberg, researcher at the Sahlgrenska Academy and physician at Aby health centre. “This being the case6, physi cal education is a subject that has an important place in schools, and is an
absolute must if we want to do well in maths and other theoretical subjects.”
The researchers have also compared the results from fitness tests during national service with the socio-economic status of the men later in life. Those who were fit at 18 were more likely to go into higher education, and many secured more qualified jobs.
15 Life Expectancy in the Last Hundred Years
A hundred years ago,life expectancy in developed countries was about 47: in the early 21st century, men in the United States and the United Kingdom can expect to live to about 74. Women to about 80, and these ages? are rising all the time. What has brought about these changes? When we look at the life span of people l00 years ago, we need to look at the greatest killers?of the time. In the early 20th century, these were the acute and often highly infectious diseases such as smallpox. Many children died very young from these diseases and others, and the weak and elderly were always at riskIn the developed? world these diseases are far 1ess deadly? today, and in some cases have almost disappeared. A number of factors have led to this: improvements in sanitation and hygiene, the discovery and use of antibiotics, which make bacterial diseases much less dangerous, and vaccinations against?common diseases. In addition?, people's general??health has improved with improvements in our general environment: cleaner air, better means of preserving food,better and
warmer housing,and better understanding of nutritionGenetically,we should all be able to live to about 85 but while people do live longer today, there are still some big killers around that are preventing US from consistently reaching that age. The problems that affect people today are the more chronic illnesses, such as heart disease and strokes, and those spread by viruses, such as influenza and AIDS l. Of course, cancer is a huge killer as well. In most cases these diseases affect older?people, but there are worrying trends in the developed world with problems such as obesity leading to?more heart disease and illnesses such as diabetes at younger agesThe killers today can be classed as "lifestyle diseases",which means that it may be possible to halt their progress.
职称英语考试完形填空解题技巧 1. 三一定律：如果选项当中有三个词同义、意思相近、或者是褒贬色彩一样。那么这种情况下，与这三个选项有区别的那一项99%是正确选项。 2. 如果选项当中有两个选项的词的词形结构有类似的地方，它的不同往往就会带上一些语法标志（如动词的时态、名词的单复数等）。这两个选项当中一定有一个是正确选项，在回到文章当中去比对，就很容易找出正确答案了。那么我们可以排除掉其它两个选项。 3. 如果选项中有两个词同义且有细微的区别，答案必在其中，取范围广者。 4. 如果选项中有两个选项互为反义，答案在其中，回原文找线索。 5. 两个并列动词之间的关系：①中间加to；②后面动词加ing；③加动词原形，前动词是使役动词。 6. 横线后面出现了than，则横线上多半考的就是形容词或副词的比较等级。 7. 选项中某个词在文章的前面或是后面出现过，那么此词很有可能是正确答案。 8. 剩余的实词题就需要根据原文的内容来确定:如果横线前后提到了选项当中提到了选项当中的某个词，那么横线就
极有可能是这个选项。 9. 词义辨析，直接通过四个选项词的意思 9. 介词题考的是固定搭配，其前的动词或名词、其后的名词就显得尤其的重要。要求考生一定要背一些固定搭配的短语。 10. 连接代词和连接副词题，考的就是从句的引导词(尤其是以定语从句为主)：①如果横线前是介词，则选项应选which；②如果选项中有“介词+which”这个选项，则该选项多半是正确答案；③非限定性定语从句中，先行词是人，用who，先行词是物，用which，先行词是句子，用which； ④三种用that的情况。 接下来，我们就以实际的一篇例题来让大家体会一下，到底我们所讲的这个解题技巧在完形填空的解题当中起到了多大的作用： Think as a Hacker Does At the brand-new Hacker Academy in Chicago, US, students learn about phishing schemes, firewall breaches, and advanced tricks for breaking into confidential documents and revealing passwords. But it's not nearly as illegal as it sounds. The academy doesn't teach people to be （1）, but to "think like hackers" - and hopefully to stay one step ahead of （2）.
职称英语查词典的技巧 职称英语是闭卷考，但允许考生携带词典进入考场。关于词典，国家有明确的规定，以下词典不允许带入考场： 有职称字样的词典不要带入考场; 针对职称英语考试编写的词典不能带入考场; 电子出版物，即电子词典不能带入考场。 其它的词典国家没有明确的规定。因此建议尽量选择具备同义词、收词量相对较大的词典。 此外，能否取胜职称英语，掌握查词典的技巧，尤其是合理分配查词典的时间也是很关键的。 在以往的`考试中，很多考生把词典当成“救命稻草”，抱着一大堆各种类型的词典进考场。但往往不是多数词典派不上用场，就是因为翻词典而浪费了大量的时间无法做完 ___，因此，建议:要有针对性地带词典。例如针对英语考试中的第一部分词汇题，老师建议考生带一本同义词词典或双解词典，这类词典的特点是用几个同义词注解某一英文单词，考生可以非常方便地在注解中找到答案。
其次，为了节省时间，考生最好是带自己经常使用、习惯了其编排规律的词典。在以往的考试中，甚至有少数考生对英语词典中字母表排列顺序的规律都不了解，这等于把这一得力工具浪费了。 综上所述，带一本自己常用的，正规的双解词典就好了，因为是去参加考试，不是去翻字典。 对于词汇选择题，最好从B、C两个选项查起。根据美国权威机构通过对标准化考试的研究与分析，选择题的4个选项中，B、C两个选项是正确答案的可能性更高。从这2个选项查起，更能节约考试时间。 重点查阅单词的常用解释。单词与汉语一样，一个单词可能同时有好几个解释，但是职称英语考试中一般都只会考察单词的常用意思，因此有多个解释的单词只需查阅其前三个解释即可。 一旦将答案确定，不要再查询其它单词，以免浪费时间。有些考生希望能确认或是不太肯定所选择答案，往往就把4个选项均查询了一遍，不仅浪费了时间，也可能将原本的正确答案修改了，第一感觉是很重要的!
职称英语考试通关策略 Company number：【WTUT-WT88Y-W8BBGB-BWYTT-19998】
【经典资料，ＷＯＲＤ文档，可编辑修改】 【经典考试资料，答案附后，看后必过，ＷＯＲＤ文档，可修改】 职称英语考试通关策略 考试很多时候除了考查考生的知识能力以外，还要考查考试策略，答题的顺序和时间的统筹安排，现在我就给大家介绍一些考试策略。 概述 1、词汇、阅读理解、完型填空所占分值最高（合计高达75分），放到前面来做，避免万一时间不够，可以确保先抓住大部分分数。 2、词汇、阅读理解、完型填空都是部分来自教材，放到前面来做，记忆比较深刻，答题成功率较高。 3、阅读判断放到最后，这样可以腾出时间给需要查词典即可稳拿分数的词汇题。 词汇篇 1、带上一本好用的词典，因职称英语词汇数量有限，直接查同义词词典，一般前三个义项就会有答案。 2、词组记忆相对容易而查词典找同义词相对较困难，又因试题有4-9题来自教材练习，所以必须记住教材中的词组题。教材词汇练习一共100题，其中有词组的也就20个左右，记住却对没有困难！ 3、考试时看到有教材中的词组题则直接答上，其余的查词典。 阅读理解篇 1、熟记教材文章练习题的正确答案，重点掌握去年教材上没有的新增文章。考试时先找教材上的文章，做出来。 2、其他文章，先做考试题目中有人名、地名、国家名、数字、年代等专有名词的题。 3、勾画出考试题目中的关键词（一般是名词，不必认识它也不必查词典），然后到文章中找一样的关键词定位。 4、定位关键词后，对比文章中关键词附近的词或者词组，与答案选项中词或者词组重合得最多的即为正确答案。 5、如果你无法定位关键词，则 1) 如有选项为“以上X项皆是”，即为正确答案； 2) 看四个答案选项中有无大部分相似的。如有，若意思完全相反的其中一个必是答案；若意思并非相反的则较长选项的为答案。如没有大部分相似的，则最长的选项为答案。（根据经验，这是答对概率最大的选择） 6、如果考试题目是针对文章中的某个单词的意思，那么这就相当于是一个词汇题，则同义词词典又派上用场了！ 7、如果考试题目是问文章主旨（如作者的观点、替换文章标题等）的，则需要细读文章题目、每段第一句和文章最后一句，并大致搞清意思。然后选择意思最接近的一项答案。 概括大意、完成句子篇 1、概括大意（4题）：先看考题要求概括哪4个段落的大意，然后分别细读该4个段落的第一句和最后一句，然后与各个选项对比，选项中大部分词或者词组与段落的第一句或最后一句中词或者词组重合得最多的即为正确答案。概括大意其实就是找文章各段落主题句，而段落主题句往往就是该段落的第一句和最后一句。 2、完成句子（4题）：先勾画出每个考试题目中的关键词，然后回到文章中定位（具体方法请参考阅读理解篇做题方法），最后把文章中关键词附近的词和词组与各个答案选项相对比，词和词组重合最多的即为正确答案。完成句子其实就是告诉你一句话的一部分让你找另一部分。利用定位关键词找到了这句话在文章中的位置，则确定另一部分就不难了。
职称英语考试通关做题技巧全攻略(4) xx年职称英语考试通关做题技巧全攻略 1、“概括大意”部分 它是考题第23-26题，是要求就给定要考的短文(原文)四个段落进行概括段落大意，在六个给出的选项中分别选出与其各段落大意相符的选项句子，也就是在6个选项句子中选出与要考的段落大意(中心思想、主题或核心内容)一致的正确答案，6个选项中有两个干扰项，短文中只考4个段落。如何让4上选项正确的对号入座呢?这类题的关键是首先要确定各选项句子的关键词，接着是确定能体现要考段落大意的中心句或中心词，最后是用选项关键词与中心句、中心词进行对比，一个个确定正确答案。 (1)做题步骤及技巧： 做题总思路：目标明确，直奔主题。做这类题就是要在6个选项中确定4个与要考4个段落大意相一致的正确答案，只需要考虑4个要考段落和6个选项，所以，我们要采用把段落变成句子，把句子变成单词的化整为零的方法来做。做这类题的总思路就是：首先确定各6个选项句子的关键词，接着是确定能体现要考段落大意的
中心句或中心词，最后是用选项关键词与中心句、中心词进行对比，意思相同或相近者就是了。做此类题分以下4步走： 1)第一步：一步到位，快速确定6个选项的关键词。由于是概括段落大意，选项句子的关键词一定是实义词，一般也就是句子的名词(专有名词)、数词及其短语。确定选项句子关键词的方法可参照“阅读判断题”的“做题步骤技巧的第一步”的方法，两者基本雷同，并且确定选项关键词更简单，就是实义词。这一步，只需要把实义词快速勾划出来，做个明显标志就行了，(当然，要明白关键词意思，你可千万别忘了你带的字典哟)。 2)第二步：准确找出要考段落，仔细推敲该段落，确定该段落的中心句或中心词。这是最重要的一步。确定段落中心句或中心词按以下技巧进行： A、确定段落中心句的技巧有： (A)按该段落的第一句、第二句、最后一句、最后二句、长句、段中句、整段阅读顺序进行寻找确定，如果最后都确定不了，那就要寻找中心词了。按统计，段落中心句是第一句的可能性超过50%，第二句超过20%，最后一句超过20%，需要整段阅读的不到10%，因为按写作手法，一般文章都是采用归纳法或演绎法的，所以一般段
职称英语考试完形填空拿高分的技巧2017年职称英语考试完形填空拿高分的技巧 (1)语法和词汇 (2)固定搭配 (3)上下文的逻辑推理 在最后的冲刺阶段，首要任务是将职称英语教材中的新增文章再次复习一遍，加强对文章的记忆和理解。 其次，职称英语考生需要参考历年完型考试的真题，熟悉题型特点，考生可以从历年真题中总结并学习职称英语考试中一些不断重复的语法考点，比如动词时态，冠词考察，介词等的考查。 最后，职称英语考生一定要记住，良好的学习心态、积极的应试心理也是考试制胜的关键因素。在职称英语考场上要保持镇定，从容应答，这样才能唤醒记忆，将所学所掌握的知识应用到职称英语考试中。 完型填空必做三项功课 一、主要考察内容：完形填空旨在测试考生对语言的理解程度和综合运用语言的`能力。职称英语考试中的完形填空测试是一篇难度适中，长度为150词左右的短文。短文中留出15个空白，每个空白为一题，每题有四个选项。要求考生在全面理解内容的基础上选择最佳答案，使短文意思完整、文理通顺、结构严谨、主题明确。 完形填空考题的设计一般是从以下三个方面出发的：(1)语法结构(2)词法结构(3)上下文之间的逻辑关系。
在15个选项中，要求填入实词(动词、名词和形容词等)的约占70%，其他为虚词(介词、副词等)的约占30%.要填的词几乎涉及各 个词类，动词含有不同的时态和语态。 二、复习策略分析 1.复习方向：完形填空的复习主要以本类别和本级别的完型填空的文章为主，尤其是以本类别和级别新增文章为重点进行复习，然 后再去看本类别的非新增文章，如有精力以其他类别的完型填空的 文章作为练习训练去做做。 2.一般的解题步骤： 通读全文 首先要阅读整篇文章，理解全文内容。同时对全文的语言表达方式，比如文章用的时态、语态、文章的措辞与口气等方面得出大致 印象。 逻辑判断 在阅读全篇的基础上，开始从头判断每个空所缺的词的语言形式，如词类、时态、语态;并判断该词应具有的符合文章上下文的词义。 理解选择 从给出的4个选项中，选出在语法与词义上均与原文相符合的一个。 三、高分通关必做的三项功课： 1.语法知识的积累职称英语考试完型填空题型能否顺利拿下分数，除了对重点文章的正掌握外，平时对语法知识的积累是非常重要的。很大程度上完形填空都在考查考生运用语法知识的能力，因此在强 化阶段，考生应该对职称考试中涉及的语法点进行巩固复习。 2.固定搭配与词组的记忆完型填空中大部分都是考查的动词等的固定搭配、常用的词组等，因此考生在强化阶段应该注意对平时阅 读中出现的固定搭配与词组进行搜集、积累与记忆。
职称英语核心词汇汇总
职称英语考试备考技巧 一、词汇： 需要考生在最后阶段练习查字典，建议一天练习查60对，而且一个词汇题要反、正查，同时也要进行职称考试中常考词汇的记忆，这样可以在考试时提高速度，节省时间。 词汇题一般情况下仅凭字典一般也能做对，因此考生对自己不认识、不熟悉或没有绝对把握的题一定要通过字典来确认，从而确保词汇题100%的正确率。特别提醒考生，考试时要带上一本带有同义词的词典。且词典不能含有职称、考试等字样，更不能带电子词典。 二、阅读判断： 答题时需掌握一条原则，就是在文章中有明确提出的才能确定为对。题目中若出现must、only、all、always等时，答案一般不会是对的。 除上面的原则外，一般根据下列原则和规律也可以确定正确答案。选择A、B或C的三种情况： 选A的情况：如果某题干与原文信息完全一致或基本一致 选B的情况：如果某题干与原文信息完全相反 选C的情况：如果某题干部分或局部信息在原文中未提到 三、概括大意和完成句子： 概括大意要先看选项，寻找关键词，确定所考段落。完成句子则要根据所给的短句进行选择，比较好的方法是找同类动词。 同时读每段话时，要抓住该段话的主题句和核心词汇，正确答案常常是主题句的改写。读每段话时，并不是该段话全要仔细阅读。这样，既浪费时间，也不容易抓住重点。应该抓住该段话的主题句。 四、阅读理解： 首先要重点掌握教材上的阅读理解的重点文章的背诵，来抓住出自教材上的分数，这是顺利通过考试很关键的一步。
同时充分利用老师在课上讲的解题技巧，如大标题做题法、红花绿叶原则、顺序出题原则、关键词回归定位法通过做模拟试题来进行解题技巧的演练和应用。 在做题时要注意：搞清主旨题、细节题、推理题、逻辑关系题、观点态度题。注意标题、首尾段、首尾句、逻辑关系处、细节处等出题点；在阅读时见到日期、数量等要先做好标记，这样有重点有理有节的解题，才有可能取得满意的成绩。 五、补全短文： 要先看标题定文体，再看选项，观察选项时应注意抓主干，猜大意，弄清选项大意是表示定义、因果、例子还是措施；不要放过代词、专用名字、连接词、数字等特征词；然后回头再去看课文，明确1-5的位置。 解每道题时只需要阅读该题所在段落，不需要阅读其他段落。往往通过阅读该题目的前后句就能够确定答案，在考试时，应该注意利用以下前后句子存在的关系来做题： (1)利用转折关系 (2)利用归纳总结关系 (3)利用总分关系 (4)利用并列关系 六、完形填空： (1)掌握教材上的文章内容，尤其是2013年新增文章。把这些文章在考前一个月内，争取背到“滚瓜烂熟”，这样，就算考试时怎样变化都可以应付。 (2)语法知识的总结和固定搭配、词组的记忆。这样在做题时，阅读整篇文章，考生才能从头判断每个空所缺的词的语言形式，如词类、时态、语态，并判断该词应具有的符合文章上下文的词义，最后从给出的四个选项中，选出在语法与词义上均与原文相符合的一个。除掌握以上解题技巧外，考生最好配合在模拟真实的考试时间进行模拟试题的演练，这样不但可以直接掌握复习效果，还可以迅速找到自己的薄弱环节，通过单项训练，逐一提高成绩。最后，提醒考生，在抓紧时间复习的同时要放松心情，以轻松的心态迎接考试。预祝顺利通过考试！ 全国职称英语考试必过秘籍（免背单词+免读全文版） 1、试题概况及答题顺序 1.1、必杀技：见下表中“答题顺序”：
职称英语考试备考5大方法 第一，过度讲究方法和技巧，而不愿意下真功夫。语言的使用是 一种技能，但这种技能不是专靠技巧能够获得的。太讲究方法和技巧 会被其占用很多的时间和精力，而对学习的内容本身投入较少的时间 和精力，所以反而会影响学习的效果。如有一个参加高等教育自学考 试的青年，他订了十 多种讲自学和考试的刊物，认真学习和研究，讲起方法来一套一 套的，可他每次参考的科目却大多考不及格。这是因为他只顾钻研方 法和技巧，在学习内容上花的时间和精力太少，而且养成了投机取巧、不肯下功夫的习惯。方法和技巧只能适当利用，并且要从自己的学习 实践中摸索出适合自己的方法和技巧才会真正管用。 第二，过度讲究速度和效率，不愿花时间经常重复(复习)已学过 的内容，只求懂了则罢。语言的使用既是一种技能，技能则只有靠熟 能生巧，要持续的重复才会熟练，只有熟练了才会形成一种应用自如、不假思索的技能。 第三，三天打鱼两天晒网，没有恒心，不能长期坚持学习。技能 的熟练要有一个过程，在这个过程中会遇到各种困难，但不能向困难 低头，要坚持不懈地反复学习，持之以恒。 第四，不重视听力训练。语言是有声的，我们对语言的感受首先 是语言的声音作用于我们的大脑，如果不练习听力，仅仅默默地阅读 和背单词，其结果不但听不懂别人讲外语，而且阅读水平也难以提升。 第五，只学而不“用”，完全是以“学”的态度来学外语。语言 的实践性很强，如果只学而不用，就永远也学不好。我们学语言的目 的就是为了应用，要学会在用中学习，这样才能提升兴趣，达到好的 学习效果。 值得特别注意的是，“用”不但仅有意识的用，很多时候是要无 意识的“用”。比如在吃饭、洗碗、聊天、上网、洗脸、洗脚、洗衣
第四篇 Animal?s “Sixth Sense” A tsunami was triggered by an earthquake in the Indian Ocean in December, 2004. It killed tens of thousands of people in Asia and East Africa. Wild animals, 1 , seem to have escaped that terrible tsunami. This phenomenon adds weight to notions that 1 they possess a “sixth sense” for 2 , experts said. Sri Lankan wildlife officials have said the giant waves that killed over 24,000 people along the Indian Ocean island?s coast clearly 3 wild beasts, with no dead animals found. “N o elephants arc dead, not 4 a dead rabbit. I think animals can 5 disaster. They have a sixth sense. They know when things are happening,” H. D. Ratnayake, deputy director of Sri Lanka?s Wildlife Department, said about one month after the tsunami attack. The 6 washed floodwaters up to 2 miles inland at Yala National Park in the ravaged southeast, Sri Lanka?s biggest wildlife 7 and home to hundreds of wild elephants and several leopards. “There has been a lot of 8 evidence about dogs barking or birds migrating before volcanic eruptions or earthquakes. But it has not been proven,” said Matthew van Lierop, an animal behavior 9 at Johannesburg Zoo. “There have been no ＿10＿ studies because you can?t really test it in a lab or field setting 2 ,” he told Reuters. Other authorities concurred with this 11 . “Wildlife seem to be able to pick up certain 12 , especially birds … there are many reports of birds detecting impending disasters,” said Clive Walker, who has written several books on African wildlife. Animals 13 rely on the known senses such as smell or hearing to avoid danger slid as predators. The notion of an animal “sixth sense” — or 14 other mythical power is an enduring one 3 which the evidence on Sri Lanka?s ravaged coast is likely to add to. The Romans saw owls 15 omens of impending disaster and many ancient cultures viewed elephants as sacred animals endowed with special power or attributes. 词汇： tsunami /tsju:5nB:mi / n.海啸 concur /kEn5kE: / v.(with)同意，赞成 trigger /5tri^E / v.引发，触发 impending /im5pendiN / adj.迫近的 ravaged adj.被毁坏的 predator /5predEtE / n.食肉动物 leopard /5lepEd / n.豹 mythical /5miWikEl/ adj.神话般的 eruption /i5rQpFEn / n.喷发 owl /Eul / n.猫头鹰 migrate /mai5^reit / v.迁移 omen /5Eumen / n.预兆，征兆 volcanic /vCl5kAnik / adj.火山的 endow /in5dau / v.赋予注释: 1. adds weight to notions that ：更加相信…… 2. field setting ：field 意为“实地，野外”， setting 意为“环境”。 field setting 可译为“野外环境”。 3. enduring one ：由来已久的信念。 one 指代在句首出现的， noiton enduring 意为“持久的，永久的”。练习：
职称英语考试必过宝典：词典这样用最好 带：职称英语考试是可以带字典进考场的。要是正式出版纸质的，不可以是电子词典。 选：现在各个考试中心都比较严格，建议朗文或牛津的英汉、汉英双解词典，里面会有很多的同义词和解释，不可以带社会上专门为此考试编写的词典，例如名称上打着“职称外语”等字眼的词典，学员反映《英语实用词典》不让带。 用：词汇这是大家都知道的，建议查词不要超过20分钟，接下来补充短文还是概括大意题干与原文同义词替换，阅读篇章中的关键词。 度：职称英语考试可以带词典进考场，因此不需要记单词。依据职称英语考试的考场规则，考生应考时词典是一柄双刃剑，在以往的考试中，很多考生把词典当成“救命稻草”，但往往是多数词典派不上用场，就是因为翻词典而浪费了大量的时间无法做完试卷， 练：在最后阶段需要反复练习，提高查阅的速度的准确率，建议一天练习查60对，而且一个词汇题要反、正查，同时也要进行职称英语考试中常考词汇的记忆，这样可以在考试时提高速度，节省时间。同时，建议考生将历年真题中的词汇选项部分常考的重点词汇及职称英语考试中的核心词汇进行考前最后的集中记忆，这样可以提高在考试中做题的效率，考生可以非常方便地在注解中找到答案。 熟：只要顺手就好，广大考生在备考时应利用字典配合复习，养成查字典的习惯，以便在考试中更好地发挥。考前熟悉词典编排，为了节省时间，考生最好是带自己经常使用、习惯了其编排规律的词典。在以往的考试中，甚至有少数考生对英语词典中字母表排列顺序的规律都不了解，这等于把这一得力工具浪费了。 巧：考中查字典的五个小技巧 1、对于词汇选项题，建议查词时最好从B)和C)答案查起。据美国权威机构通过对职称英语考试的研究与分析，最终得出结论：在(A)、(B)、(C)、(D)四个选项的情况下，往往(B)和(C)正确的几率较大。因此我们建议在做词汇选项题时，遇不到生词最好从(B)和(C)答案查起。这样如果能从(B)或(C)中找到答案可大大节省时间。 2、重点查阅单词的常用解释。我们都知道一个单词有时会有好几个意思。培训搜px.wangxiao.so培训网在这里我们告诉大家职称英语考试中一般都考察该词语的前三个义项为主。剩下的很多解释一般不会考察。 3、确定答案后不要为了验证答案而查词典在确定了正确答案之后，不必为验证答案而将其他选项单词全部查一遍，以免浪费做题时间。
https://www.doczj.com/doc/e07630398.html,/ .375. School Lunch Research has shown that over half the children in Britain who take their own lunches to school do not eat properly in the middle of the day.In Britain schools have to provide meals at lunchtime.Children can choose to bring their own food or have lunch at the school canteen. One shocking finding of this research is that school meals are much healthier than lunches prepared by parents.There are strict standards for the preparation of school meals,which have to include one portion of fruit and one of vegetables,as well as meat,a dairy item and starchy food like bread or pasta.Lunchboxes examined by researchers contained sweet drinks,crisps and chocolate bars.Children consume twice as much sugar as they should at lunch time. The research will provide a better understanding of why the percentage of overweight students in Britain has increased in the last decade.Unfortunately,the government cannot criticise parents,but it can remind them of the nutritional value of milk,fruit and vegetables.Small changes in their children’s diet can_affect their future health.Children can easily develop bad eating_habits at this age,and parents are the only ones who can prevent it.A Powerful Influence There can be no doubt at all that the Internet has made a huge difference1to our lives.Parents are worried that children spend too much time playing on the Internet,hardly ever doing anything else in their spare time.Naturally,parents are curious to find out why the Internet is so attractive,and they want to know if it can be harmful for their children.Should parents worry if their children are spending that much time staring at their computers? Obviously,if children are bent over their computers for hours,absorbed in some game,instead of doing their homework,then something is wrong.Parents and children could decide how much use the child should_make of the Internet,and the child should give his or her word that it won’t interfere with homework.If the child is not holding to this arrangement,the parent can take more drastic steps dealing with a child’s use of the Internet is not much different from negotiating any other sort of bargain about behaviour.Any parent who is_seriously alarmed about a child’s behaviour should make an appointment to discuss the matter with a teacher.Spending time in front of the screen does not necessarily affect a child’s performance at school.Even if a child is absolutely crazy about using the Internet,he or she is probably just going through a phase,and in a few months there will be something else to worry about!The Old Gate In the Middle Ages the vast majority of European cities had walls around them.This was partly for defensive reasons but another factor was the need to keep out anyone regarded as undesirable,like people with contagious diseases.The Old City of London gates were all demolished by the end of the 18th century.The last of London’s gates was removed a century ago,but by a stroke of luck,it was never destroyed. This gate is,in actual fact,not called a gate at all;its name is Temple Bar,and it marked the boundary between the Old City of London and Westminster.In 1878the Council of London took the Bar down,numbered the stones and put the gate in storage because its design was unfashionable it was expensive to maintain and it was blocking the traffic. The Temple Bar Trust was set up in the 1970’s with the intention of returning the gate home.The aim of the Trust is the preservation of the nation’s architectural heritage.Transporting the gate will mean physically pulling it down,stone by stone,removing and rebuilding it near St Paul’s Cathedral.Most of the facade of the gate will probably be replaced,though there is a good chance that the basic structure will be sound.The hardest job of all,however,will be to recreate the statues of the monarchs that once stood on top of the gate.Family History In an age when technology is developing faster than ever before,many people are being attracted to the idea of looking back into the past.One way they can do this is by investigating their own family history.They can try to find out more about where their families came from and what they did.This is now a fast-growing hobby,especially in countries with a fairly short history,like Australia and the United States. It is one thing to spend some time going through a book on family history and to take the decision to investigate your own family’s past.It is quite another to carry out the research work successfully.It is easy to set about it in a disorganized way and_cause yourself many problems which could have been avoided with a little forward planning. If your own family stories tell you that you are connected with a famous character,whether hero or criminal,do not let this idea take over your research.Just treat it as an interesting possibility.A simple system for collecting and storing your information will be adequate to start with;a more complex one may only get in your way.The most important thing,though,is to get started.Who knows what you might find? Helen and Martin With a thoughtful sigh,Helen turned away from the window and walked back to her favourite armchair.Would her brother never arrive?For a brief moment,she wondered if she really cared that much. Over the years Helen had given up waiting for Martin to take an interest in her.Her feelings for him had gradually weakened until now,as she sat waiting for him,she experienced no more than a sister’s curiosity to see what had become of her brother. Almost without warning,Martin had lost his job with a busy publishing company after spending the last eight years in New York as a key figure in the US office.Somehow the two of them hadn’t bothered to keep in touch and,left alone,Helen had slowly found
欢迎来到孙老师课堂 一般网络课件上的英语“神表”比较简单，真正意义的英语“神表”一般人是很难得到的，她特别详细，“神表”是无价之宝，非金钱等俗物可买！内含我三十年之心血，收费课堂内免费赠送的也只是简单的神表，而且是三张--1 阅读-2 补全短文-3概括大意。必须经我讲解并反复操练，否则废纸一张！！！类似武林秘笈的详细神表很少人能得到,如下： 老师对阅读理解的两个基本要求 1 正确率应在90%。 2 五篇文章应控制在35分钟之内。（否则将没有时间完成其它部分的考试） 知己我们的困难： 1.词汇不够①扩大；②上下文推论；③躲避； 2.看不懂文章①提高水平；②抓中心推理；③上下文推论； ④避开枝节 3.阅读速度慢①提高速度②只读中心③避开枝节 4.判断模棱两可①围着中心转②注意段落结构—段落中心(段落第一句)及段落结论（段落最后一句）；③注意连词. ④注意主从句—●宾语从句看从句●状语从句看主句●定语从句看主句—先行词与从句看懂一个就行.
5.出题人故弄玄虚-------没辙. 因此，孙老师建议：尽可能地不要做模拟考卷，因为模拟考试的质量及出题老师的水平参差不齐（很多都是为了赚钱，粗织滥造）这种题往往会对学生产生误导，挫伤学生的信心，浪费学生的时间。应该做历年的高考原卷。 阅读文章视觉上的分类 1.信息类--①内容：广告、计划书、通知、产品说明、查阅地图等 ②识别特点：文章不成段落，长短不一，有价钱电话号码，附有表格或地图 ③解题要领------只查不读 注：此类试题比较简单，我将在本课最后讲解。 2.文章类--视觉上成段落。包括小论文，说明文，科技文章，人物介绍及讲故事等等。 注：此类在试题中所占比例较大，比较复杂，需要应试技巧较多，是本课讲解重点。 英文文章结构三项基本原则：牢牢地抓住英文写作的“三步曲” l 中心 l 举例说明 ●作者观点或文章结论 注：以下总结多为条文，在记忆及理解上都有困难，但在实际考试中至关重要，同学们可在后面结合做题逐条理解并牢记心中。各中
2016年全国职称英语考试必过技巧 1、试题概况及答题顺序 1.1、必杀技：见下表中“答题顺序”： 1.2、详解 1.2.1、词汇、阅读理解、完型填空所占分值最高（合计高达75分），放到前面来做，避免万一时间不够，可以确保先抓住大部分分数。 1.2.2、词汇、阅读理解、完型填空都是部分来自教材，放到前面来做，记忆比较深刻，答题成功率较高。 1.2.3、阅读判断放到最后，是因为本题根据经验蒙答案（具体方法后面详述）成功率可拿到全部7分中的3分，这样可以腾出时间给需要查词典即可稳拿分数的词汇题，所以阅读判断的答题时间只有1分钟。 2、词汇（1分/题*15=15分） 2.1、必杀技： 2.1.1、准备一本正式出版的英语同义词词典，推荐牛津出版社出版，外研社翻译出版的《牛津英语同义词词典》。 2.1.2、教材练习不用做，把答案勾画出来，只需记住其中题目划线部分或者答案是词组的，其余不用看。 2.1.3、考试时看到有教材中的词组题则直接答上，其余的查词典。 2.2、详解： 2.2.1、职称英语考试允许带一本正式出版的，并非针对职称英语考试而编写的词典。而本题考核内容就是同义词（词组），显然使用同义词典效率更高。 2.2.2、词组记忆相对容易而查词典找同义词组相对较困难，又因试题来自教
材练习4-9题，所以必须记住教材中的词组题。教材词汇练习一共100题，其中有词组的也就20个左右，记住绝对没有困难； 2.2.3、因职称英语词汇数量有限，直接查同义词词典，一般前三个义项就会有答案。 3、阅读理解（3分/题*15题=45分） 3.1、必杀技： 3.1.1、熟记教材文章练习题的正确答案，重点掌握去年教材上没有的新增文章，考试时先找教材上的文章，做出来。 3.1.2、其他文章，先作考试题目中有人名、地名、国家名、数字、年代等专有名词的题。 3.1.3、勾画出考试题目中的关键词（一般是名词，不必认识它也不必查词典），然后到文章中找一样的关键词定位。 3.1.4、定位关键词后，对比文章中关键词附近的词或词组，与答案选项中词或者词组重合的最多的即为正确答案。（就像玩拼图游戏，考察你的眼力！ˇ?ˇ） 3.1.5、如果你无法定位关键词，则： 3.1.5.1、如有选项为“以上X项皆是”，即为正确答案， 3.1.5.2、看四个答案选项中有无大部分相似的。如有，若意思完全相反的其中一个必是答案；若意思并非相反的则较长选项为答案，如没有大部分相似的，则最长的选项为答案。 3.1.6、如果考试题目是针对文章中的某个单词的意思，那么就相当于是一个词汇题，则同义词词典又派上用场了！ 3.1.7如果考试题目是问文章主旨（如作者的观点，替换文章标题等）的，则需要细读文章题目，每段第一句和文章最后一句，并大致搞清意思。然后选择意思最接近的一项答案。 3.2、详解： 3.2.1、考题共3篇文章，其中1篇（5个题占15分）来自教材。根据历年经验，教材新增文章作为考题的概率较大。所以熟记教材上所有文章（以教材新增文章为重点）的练习题答案，即可保证稳拿15分！注意：因为考试会把ABCD4个答案选项次序打乱，所以不要只记正确答案的ABCD编号，而要记住正确答案