2020届江苏高考英语3500词汇读练测精品系列(模拟检测)16
一、单项填空(从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项)
1.The maple trees turn a brilliant red in autumn, adding another _______ to the colors in the harvest season.
A. discipline
B. distribution
C. district
D. dimension
【答案】D
【解析】discipline纪律，自律；distribution配，分布；district区，地区，区域；dimension维度，风采。dimension 此处理解为“色彩；风采”。句意：枫叶在秋天变成了鲜红的红色，为丰收的季节增添了另一抹色
彩。
2.He wasn’t begging for a handout but surely appreciated the help in a _______ situation.
A. deliberate
B. desperate
C. definite
D. delicious
【答案】B
【解析】deliberate故意的；desperate绝望的；definite明确的，肯定的；delicious美味的，可口的。句意：他不是在乞求施舍，但是由衷地感谢在绝望之际的这份帮助。
3.However, I soon _______ that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of camps among tons of rubbish.
A. discover
B. debate
C. decide
D. advocate
【答案】A
【解析】discover发现；debate争论；decide决定；advocate提倡。句意：然而，我很快发现，自从那些令人不安的关于营地周围有成吨的垃圾的报道出现以来，情况发生了很大的变化。
4.We’d better discuss everything _______ before we work out the plan.
A. in delight
B. in debt
C. in demand
D. in detail
【答案】D
【解析】in delight兴高采烈地；in debt负债；in demand有需要；in detail详细地。句意：我们最好在制定计划之前，详细讨论一下一切。
5.We don’t know _______ to do with such a difficult problem. Could you tell us _______ we deal with it?
A. how, how
B. what, what
C. how, what
D. what, how
【答案】D
【解析】how to deal with=what to do with如何/怎么处理。句意：我们不知道如何处理这样一个困难的问题。
你能告诉我们怎么处理吗？
6.The dictionary is _______ : many words have been added to the language since it was published.
A. out of control
B. out of date
C. up to date
D. out of reach
【答案】B
【解析】out of control失去控制；out of date过时的；up to date最新式的，现代化的；out of reach够不着的。
句意：这本字典过时啦：自从它出版以来，这门语言已经添加了许多单词。
7.It is impossible for him to change his mind once he has _______ doing something.
A. depended on
B. debated on
C. counted on
D. decided on
【答案】D
【解析】depend on依靠，取决于；debate on就某事辩论；count on依靠；decide on决定，选定。句意：一旦决定做某事，他是不可能改变主意的。
8.Six months after suffering our _______ on the spring practice field, we won our first game and our second, and continued to improve.
A. defeat
B. decline
C. deadline
D. desire
【答案】A
【解析】defeat打败；decline下降，婉拒，拒绝；deadline最后期限；desire意欲，愿望，要求。句意：在春季训练赛场遭受失败的六个月之后，我们赢了第一场以及第二场，继续提升。
9.These carpets are _______ with beautiful traditional patterns and can fetch a high price on the international
market.
A. dealt
B. furnished
C. equipped
D. decorated
【答案】D
【解析】dealt处理合适；furnished供应；equipped装备；decorated装饰，此处指地毯被图案装饰，故选D。
句意：这些地毯装饰着美丽的传统图案，在国际市场上可以卖到很高的价格。
10.It is recently reported that quite a number of applications _______ from Apple’s official APP. Store are not safe to use.
A. distributed
B. downloaded
C. drafted
D. drilled
【答案】B
【解析】download“下载”，符合语境。句意：根据最近的报道，从苹果官方应用程序里下载的许多软件并不安全。
11.As the final examinations _______ students begin to busy themselves with reviewing.
A. draw in
B. drop out
C. draw near
D. drop in
【答案】C
【解析】draw in引诱，吸引；drop out退出，辍学；draw near接近；drop in偶然(或顺便)走访。句意：随着期末考试的临近，学生们开始忙于复习。
12.Different peoples _______ at different festivals in different ways because of their cultural or religious _______.
A. dress up
B. dress in
C. dress down
D. get dressed
【答案】A
【解析】dress up“盛装打扮”，符合语境。句意：因为他们的文化或宗教信仰，不同的人在不同的节日用不同的方式来盛装打扮。
13.The CCTV program an Avenue of Stars gives ordinary people a platform to _______ their talents.
A. display
B. delay
C. determine
D. discover
【答案】A
【解析】展示才能，应用动词display。delay耽搁，拖延，推迟，延期play玩，演奏，演出，参加比赛；
determine决定，决心，确定；discover发现。句意：中央电视台的《星光大道》栏目给普通百姓
提供了一个展示才能的平台。
14.—Cathy, in my opinion, is very _______.
—Absolutely! She prefers home life to going out.
A. domestic
B. energetic
C. dynamic
D. enthusiastic
【答案】A
【解析】domestic喜爱家庭生活的；energetic精力充沛的；dynamic有活力的；enthusiastic热情的。句意：“在我看来，凯西很喜爱家庭生活。”“确实！她宁愿呆在家里也不愿出去。”
15.This kind of plants are _______. Some day they will _______ forever.
A. dying off, die out
B. dying away, die off
C. dying down, die out
D. dying out, die away
【答案】A
【解析】die off相继死去；die out灭绝，消失；die away(声音、风、光)慢慢变弱；die down逐渐变弱，逐渐平息。句意：这种植物正在相继死去，终有一天它们将会永远灭绝。
16.—How shall I take the medicine?
—You can follow the _______ on the bottle.
A. dialogues
B. debates
C. discussions
D. directions
【答案】D
【解析】dialogue对话；debate辩论，争论；discussion讨论；direction说明。句意：“这药怎么服用？”“你可以按照瓶子上的说明去服用。”
17.Those thoughts are crazy and not worth thinking about so you might as well _______ them from your mind.
A. discover
B. disappear
C. distinguish
D. dismiss
【答案】D
【解析】dismiss sth. from one’s mind不再考虑，置之不理。句意：那些想法是疯狂的，不值得考虑，所以你还是置之不理为好。
18.The young parents are making too much a pet of their son, which is bound to _______ him in the end.
A. desert
B. destroy
C. defeat
D. defend
【答案】B
【解析】destroy破坏，毁坏。句意：这对年轻的父母太宠爱他们的儿子，这一定会最后毁了他的。
19.The knowledge and skills the trainees have learned can help them make a clear _______ between what is right and wrong.
A. distance
B. distinction
C. donation
D. defense
【答案】B
【解析】distance距离；distinction区别，差别；donation捐款；defense防卫，防护。句意：受训者所学到的知识和技能可以帮助他们区分对错。
20.In a competitive marketplace, finding the key factor that _______ your business from others is highly valuable.
A. defends
B. distinguishes
C. differs
D. discorages
【答案】B
【解析】defends保卫；distinguishes区别；differs与不同；discourages阻止。distinguish…from…使……不同于……。句意：在竞争激烈的市场中，找到你的企业与其他企业区别的关键因素是非常有价值的。
21.At first, the car was ahead but _______ halfway because there was something wrong with it.
A. dropped off
B. dropped back
C. dropped down
D. dropped in
【答案】B
【解析】dropped off减少；dropped back落在后面；dropped down落下；dropped in探望，串门。句意：开始时这辆车在前面，但是半路上由于出故障落在了后面。
22.In a courtroom it is sometimes difficult to _______ who is innocent and who is guilty.
A. distribute
B. develop
C. design
D. distinguish
【答案】D
【解析】distribute分配，分布；develop发展；design设计；distinguish区别，区分。句意：在法庭上有时很难辨别谁是无辜的，谁是有罪的。
23.According to school bus safety rules, when a school bus stops on the road to _______ or pick up students, other vehicles behind it must stop to wait.
A. drop off
B. drop out
C. drop in
D. drop back
【答案】A
【解析】drop off“让人下车”，符合语境。句意：根据最新的交通规则，当校车在路边停靠让学生下车或者接学生的时候，其它的机动车辆必须停止并且等待。
24.Some top American universities are accused of _______ Asian-American applicants using race as a factor.
A. deleting
B. demanding
C. denying
D. decusing
【答案】C
【解析】deleting删除；demanding需求，要求；denying拒绝(给予、承认或接受)；deducing演绎，推论，推断。句意：一些顶尖的美国学府被指控将种族作为一个因素拒绝亚裔美国人的申请。
25.I _______ my luggage in a locker at the station, saving the trouble of dragging it around when shopping.
A. discounted
B. deposited
C. distributed
D. delivered
【答案】B
【解析】discount打折扣；deposit存款、寄存；distribute分配；deliver运送。句意：我把行李箱寄存在车站的柜子里，免去了带着它购物的麻烦。
26.Don’t be angry any more. I’m sure he ignored you _______ by accident and not _______.
A. by chance, by accident
B. by design, by accident
C. by accident, by design
D. by chance, by design
【答案】C
【解析】by chance和by accident都表示“偶然”；by design故意。句意：别再生气了。我敢肯定，他忽视你是偶然的，而不是故意的。
27.Nowadays the roles of husband and wife are not as clearly _______ as before, especially when both partners work and earn money for the family.
A. decorated
B. deduced
C. defined
D. defended
【答案】C
【解析】define“给……下定义，解释“，符合语境。句意：现在丈夫和妻子的作用不象以前定义的那么明确，尤其是双方都工作为家庭挣钱的时候。
28.You are subject to punishment if you fail to _______ to the customs when carrying the prohibited articles listed above.
A. decline
B. declare
C. announce
D. deliver
【答案】B
【解析】decline下降，婉拒，拒绝；declare宣布，申报；announce宣布，宣告；deliver投递，递送，传送。
句意：如果你携带上述违禁物品未向海关申报的，将受到处罚。
29.—Our boss says the company is at the crossroads.
—Yes, it is both challenging and _______, but we shouldn’t lose confidence.
A. disturbing
B. delighting
C. demanding
D. disgusting
【答案】C
【解析】disturbing令人不安的；delighting令人高兴的；demanding要求高的；disgusting令人厌恶的，令人作呕的。句意：“我们老板说公司正处在十字路口。”“是的，这不但具有挑战性，而且要求也高，但我们不应该失去信心。”
30.The scene was horrible, because in a short time, thousands of soldiers aboard fell into the sea, _______.
A. death
B. died
C. dying
D. dead
【答案】D
【解析】dead作伴随状语。句意：这样的场景真是可怕。因为在很短的时间里，船上成千上万的士兵掉进了海里，死了。
二、完形填空(从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项)
Jayce began noticing when he was in kindergarten that he looked different from his classmates. They had two arms. He had one.
It started when one boy ___1___ him, said his mother, Lewis. He’d return to his home with questions: “Why am I ___2___? Why me? His mother recalled he was actually mad at God for making him that way and that it was a heavy ___3___ to his heart.
Lewis ___4___ she didn’t know what to do at that point. A few weeks later, Lewis turned on the TV to a news story about an eighth grader, Trashaun, becoming an Internet hit after ___5___ videos of his slam dunks (灌篮),
and, like Jayce, he ___6___ most of his left arm. Lewis called Jayce in. To her surprise, Jayce was immediately
___7___. At the time, it seemed that watching Trashaun was ___8___ an inspiring moment for Jayce—he saw a role model with a similar ___9___. If it had stayed just that, Lewis would have been happy enough. But little did she know that a family friend had already ___10___ to the newspaper to help set up a ___11___ with Trashaun to build Jayce’s confidence.
The boys met and instantly ___12___ with each other as both of them were in the same condition. They rode bikes, took photos, and shot basketball on the court. Instead of spending the whole day feeling ___13___ for themselves, they had a lot of fun. However, Trashaun did get ___14___ with Jayce sometimes. They talked about his left arm. He told Jayce he was perfect the way God made him. He also told him not to let anyone ___15___ him and not to let those words shake his ___16___.
Since that meeting, Lewis has seen a noticeable ___17___ in her son. As for Trashaun, his relationship with Jayce made him ___18___ to help more kids. “Honestly, it ___19___ a lot to know that I changed Jayce’s life,” Trashaun says. Still, he never dreamed that his ___20___ would have such an impact. “I just thought my friends would see them, and be li ke, ‘Oh, he dunked it!’”
He certainly did.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。Jayce Crowder左臂残缺，受到同学嘲笑，母亲不知如何向他解释。同样左臂残缺的Trashaun Willis在网络上上传了自己扣篮的视频，很快变得受欢迎。Jayce Crowder
和他的母亲看到他的视频，信心大增。Trashaun Willis和Jayce Crowder见面后很快成为
朋友，Jayce Crowder意识到世界上还有和他一样的人，对自己的未来充满信心。
1. A. supported B. teased C. cheated D. pleased
【答案】B
【解析】句意：他母亲说到，事情开始于一个男孩嘲笑他。A. supported支持；B. teased嘲笑；C. cheated 欺骗；D. pleased使高兴。根据后文可知，小男孩因为别人嘲笑而恼怒，故选B。
2. A. lonely B. silly C. different D. ordinary
【答案】C
【解析】句意：他回到家问到，为什么我跟其他人不一样，为什么是我？A. lonely孤独的；B. silly愚蠢的；
C. different不同的；
D. ordinary普通的。根据前文可知，小男孩只有一只胳膊，跟别人不一样，
故选C。
3. A. duty B. breath C. debt D. blow
【答案】D
【解析】句意：他母亲回忆，这对他来说一个巨大的打击。A. duty责任；B. breath呼吸；C. debt债务；
D. blow打击。根据后文可知，他母亲找别人求助，故可知对孩子影响很大，故选D。
4. A. debated B. promised C. suspected D. admitted
【答案】D
【解析】句意：Lewis 承认那个时候不知道该做什么。A. debated争论；B. promised承诺；C. suspected怀疑；D. admitted承认。通过后文知道，Lewis通过电视节目找到了解决办法，故选D。
5. A. downloading B. posting C. buying D. watching
【答案】B
【解析】句意：Lewis看到一个电视新闻，在播放了其灌篮视频之后，这个八年级的孩子成为一个网络红人，像Jayce一样，这个孩子几乎没有左臂。A. downloading下载；B. posting张贴；C. buying买；
D. watching观看。根据文章可知，灌篮视频放出来之后，引起轰动，故选B。
6. A. lost B. hurt C. used D. recovered
【答案】A
【解析】句意：Lewis 看到一个电视新闻，在播放了其灌篮视频之后，这个八年级的孩子成为一个网络红人，像Jayce一样，这个孩子几乎没有左臂。A. lost失去；B. hurt受伤；C. used使用；D. recovered
恢复。根据本句like Jayce可知，这个男孩只有一只胳膊，故选A.
7. A. satisfied B. confused C. bored D. attracted
【答案】D
【解析】句意：让她感到惊讶的是，Jayce立刻被吸引住了。A. satisfied满意的；B. confused困惑的；C. bored 枯燥的；D. attracted吸引的。根据后文可知，Jayce对这个男孩感兴趣，故选D。
8. A. hardly B. simply C. still D. never
【答案】B
【解析】句意：此时，观看Trashaun 的视频似乎对Jayce是一个鼓励他的时刻。A. hardly几乎不；B. simply 仅仅；C. still仍然；D. never绝不。本句讲述视频对Jayce的影响，故选B。
9. A. response B. family C. problem D. education
【答案】C
【解析】句意：他看到了一个有着相似问题的榜样。A. response回应；B. family家庭；C. problem问题；
D. education教育。根据前文可知，网络红人与Jayce有着相同的问题，故选C。
10. A. reached out B. looked out C. got out D. turned out
【答案】A
【解析】句意：但是他母亲却不知道一个家族的朋友联系了新闻报刊帮助与Trashaun 见面来帮助Jayce 提升信心。A. reached out寻找；B. looked out当心；C. got out从……出来；D. turned out结果是。
根据后文可知，通过报刊联系上了这个网络红人，故选A.
11. A. game B. fighting C. trap D. meeting
【答案】D
【解析】句意：但是他母亲却不知道一个家族的朋友联系了新闻报刊帮助与Trashaun见面来帮助Jayce 提升信心。A. game游戏；B. fighting斗争；C. trap陷阱；D. meeting见面。根据后文可知，通过
报刊联系上了这个网络红人，故选D。
12. A. bonded B. competed C. dealt D. raced
【答案】A
【解析】句意：两个男孩相遇后，由于情况相同，他们很快就建立了联系。A. bonded联系；B. competed 竞争；C. dealt处理，对付；D. raced比赛。根据本句后文可知，由于处境相同，因而很快成为
好朋友，故选A。
13. A. happy B. grateful C. sorry D. fearful
【答案】C
【解析】句意：没有整天为他们自己感到遗憾，他们在一起很开心。A. happy愉快的；B. grateful感激的；
C. sorry抱歉的；
D. fearful害怕的。根据文章可知，两人在一起很开心，没有为他们自己感到遗
憾，故选C。
14. A. angry B. serious C. tough D. dynamic
【答案】B
【解析】句意：但是，有时候Trashaun 对Jayce 很严肃。A. angry生气的；B. serious严肃的；C. tough 困难的；D. dynamic精力旺盛的，有活力的。根据本句however可知，尽管在一起很开心，但是
有时候很严肃，故选B。
15. A. approach B. comfort C. discourage D. leave
【答案】C
【解析】句意：他告诉Jayce 不要让任何人使自己灰心丧气，不要让任何话语动摇自己的信心。A. approach 靠近；B. comfort安慰；C. discourage使灰心丧气；D. leave离开。本句为鼓励Jayce的话语，故
选C。
16. A. confidence B. patience C. sadness D. honesty
【答案】A
【解析】句意：他告诉Jayce不要让任何人使自己灰心丧气，不要让任何话语动摇自己的信心。A. confidence 信心；B. patience耐心；C. sadness 悲伤；D. honesty诚实。根据前文可知，Jayce没有信心，
故选A。
17. A. advantage B. scar C. drawback D. change
【答案】D
【解析】句意：从那次见面之后，Lewis 看到了儿子显著的变化。A. advantage优势；B. scar伤疤；C. drawback 缺点；D. change改变。根据后文可知，Jayce变化很大，故选D。
18. A. expect B. agree C. hesitate D. decline
【答案】A
【解析】句意：对于Trashaun 来说，与Jayce的关系让他期待能够帮助更多的孩子。A. expect期望；B. agree 同意；C. hesitate犹豫；D. decline婉拒。根据后文可知，这件事情对Trashaun也有很大的意义，
故选A。
19. A. cares B. means C. saves D. takes
【答案】B
【解析】句意：老实说，我改变了Jayce的生活，这对我来说意义非凡。A. cares关心；B. means意味着；
C. saves拯救；
D. takes拿。根据文章可知，这件事情对Trashaun也有很大的意义，故选B。
20. A. attitudes B. words C. videos D. disabilities
【答案】C
【解析】句意：他从未想过他的视频有这么大的影响。A. attitudes态度；B. words话语；C. videos视频；
D. disabilities残疾。根据文章可知，Trashaun的视频改变了Jayce，故选C。
三、任务型阅读(请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填上一个最恰当的词)
We all need to feel understood, recognized and affirmed by our friends, family and romantic partners. We all need to find our tribe.
Research has shown that among the benefits that come with being in a relationship or group, feeling accepted is regarded as the most important driver of meaning. When other people think you matter and treat you as if you matter, you believe you matter, too.
Though we all share a need to belong, in the first decades of the 20th century, many influential psychologists and physicians did not acknowledge this fundamental aspect of human nature. The idea that children needed
parental love and care to live a full and meaningful life was not only considered medically dangerous, but also dismissed as immoral and disgusting.
As behavioral psychology came into fashion and academic psychologists turned their attention to child- raising, this view shifted and they began to examine and affirm the vital importance of attachment in early life. They discovered that people, whatever their age, needed more than food and shelter to live full and healthy lives.
But, sadly, many of us lack close ties. At a time when we are more connected digitally than ever before, rates of social isolation are rising. The results of an Age UK poll published recently suggest that half a million people over the age of 60 usually spend each day alone, and it’s not unusual for another half a million people to go without someone to speak to for five or six days. All these figures reveal more than a rise in loneliness — they reveal a lack of meaning in people’s lives. In surveys, we list our close relationships as our most important sources of meaning. Research shows that people who are lonely and isolated feel their lives are less meaningful.
While close relationships are critical for living a meaningful life, they are not the only important social bonds we need to cultivate. Psychologists have also discovered the value of small moments of inti macy. “High-quality connections”, as one researcher calls them, are positive, short-term interactions between two people when a couple holds hands on a walk or when two strangers have an empathetic(移情作用的)conversation on a plane.
High-quality connections have the potential to unlock meaning in our interactions with acquaintances, colleagues and strangers. We can’t control whether someone will make a high-quality connection with us, but we can all choose to start one. We can say hello to a stranger on the street rather than look away. We can choose to value people rather than devalue them. We can invite people to belong.
告诉我们怎样追求高质量关系的措施。
1.【答案】sense/feeling
【解析】信息转换题。文章第一段和第二段中的“feeling accepted”可以转换得来。故答案为sense/feeling。
2.【答案】influenced/affected/shaped/determined/decided
【解析】信息转换题。文章第二段中“When other people think you matter and treat you as if you matter, you believe you matter, too.”，他人对你的评价对你自我认识的重要性。以此将matter的关键词进行转
换。故答案为influenced/affected/shaped/determined/decided。
3.【答案】attitudes
【解析】信息归纳题。根据关键词20th century锁定答案为第三段，根据第三段和第四段的内容描述，确定这两段讲述了人们的对归属感态度的变化。故答案为attitudes。
4.【答案】denied
【解析】信息转换题。文章第三段中的“did not acknowledge”转换为“deny”，注意词形变化。故答案为denied。
5.【答案】regardless
【解析】信息转换题。根据第四段中“They discovered that people, whatever their age, needed more than food and shelter to live full and healthy lives.”可知，专家后来意识到，无论人们的年龄大小，都需要依
恋来享受充实健康的生活。regardless of“尽管”，故答案为regardless。
6.【答案】lacking
【解析】信息转换题。文章第六段“But, sadly, many of us lack close ties.”可得出答案，注意词形变化。故答案为lacking。
7.【答案】lonely/isolated
【解析】信息转换题。根据文章第六段“At a tim e when we are more connected digitally than ever before, rates of social isolation (孤立)are rising.”可推知答案。故答案为lonely/isolated
8.【答案】meaningful
【解析】信息查找题。根据第七段“Research shows that people who are lonely and isolated feel their lives are less meaningful.”故答案为meaningful。
9.【答案】difference
【解析】信息转换题。根据high-quality connections推知答案在倒数第二段最后一句。将have the potential to转换成make a difference。故答案为difference。
10.【答案】offer/start/try/attempt
【解析】信息查找或转换题。根据文章最后一段第一句“We can’t control whether someone will make a high-quality conn ection with us, but we can all choose to start one.”可推知答案为offer/start
/try/attempt。
四、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
It was in 1897 that a European chemist 1 (call)Dr. Felix Hoffmann produced aspirin from a chemical. The first trials of this medicine took place in 1899. Within a short time, aspirin became 2 best-selling medicine in the world for pain 3 (relieve). Not only has aspirin proved vital for reducing fever and helping stop pain, but there are also other things 4 aspirin can help with.
Penicillin 5 (discovery)by accident in 1928, which is considered 6 (be)one of the most important medicines in contemporary society. Due 7 the widespread use of penicillin, many lives were saved in the war. If penicillin had not been available, many people 8 (die)from sickness or even small wounds. Penicillin became the 9 (great)drug of the 20th century, 10 (save)millions of lives.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍阿司匹林和青霉素的发明以及它们对人类做出的贡献。
1.【答案】called
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：1897年，一位名叫菲利克斯·霍夫曼的欧洲化学家从一种化学物质中生产出阿司匹林。此处chemist 和call之间是被动关系，是过去分词作后置定语，故答案为called。
2.【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：在很短的时间内，阿司匹林成为世界上最畅销的止痛药。此处是形容词最高级，前面应该用定冠词the。故答案为the。
3.【答案】relief
【解析】考查词性转换(名词)。句意：在很短的时间内，阿司匹林成为世界上最畅销的止痛药。结合句意可知此处是名词pain修饰名词，故答案为relief。
4.【答案】that/which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：阿斯匹林不仅被证明对退烧和止痛至关重要，而且还有其他一些阿斯匹林可以帮助的事情。此处things做先行词，指物，在后面的定语从句中做介词with的宾语。
5.【答案】was discovered
故答案为that/which。
【解析】考查动词的时态、语态和词性转换(动词)。句中缺谓语，故要用动词；又句子主语Penicillin和discover之间是被动关系，再根据in 1928，可知句子用一般过去时态的被动语态。故答案为was
discovered。句意：青霉素是1928年偶然发现的。
6.【答案】to be
【解析】考查非谓语动词。be considered to be…，“被认为是……”，故答案为to be。
7.【答案】to
【解析】考查介词短语。句意：由于青霉素的广泛使用，许多人在战争中获救。介词短语：due to由于，故答案为to。
8.【答案】would have died
【解析】考查动词的语气。句意：如果没有青霉素，许多人可能会死于疾病，甚至是小伤口。此处是if 引导的虚拟语气，与过去的事实相反，if从句用过去完成时态，而主句用would have done结构。
结合句意可知答案为would have died。
9.【答案】greatest
【解析】考查词形转换(形容词最高级)。句意：青霉素成为20世纪最伟大的药物，挽救了数百万人的生命。结合句意可知此处用形容词最高级，故答案为greatest。
10.【答案】saving
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：青霉素成为20世纪最伟大的药物，挽救了数百万人的生命。结合句意可知此处是现在分词作自然的结果状语，故答案为saving。
五、短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last week I paid a visit to Mr. Yang, that was my former neighbor. He and I used to living next to each other for many years. About half a year ago, we were told that the old building, along with many other similar thing, was going to be pulled down to make room for a main street. So we had to move away because it. My new apartment was much bigger than before. The only problem was that it takes quite a long time to reach to the downtown area.
Therefore, Mr. Yang didn’t seem to worry about the long distant. He sai d a new subway line was to be built and he was sure what he would live happily.
【语篇解读】本文主要讲了作者去看望自己以前的邻居，通过两人的聊天可以得知，虽然他们的老房子拆迁了，但是他们的对未来的生活充满了信心和希望。
1.【答案】that改为who
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。who was my former neighbor.作定语，修饰Mr. Yang，所以who was my former neighbor. 是一个非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，指人，that不能引导非限
制性定语从句，所以that改为who。
2.【答案】living改为live
【解析】考查非谓语动词。used to do过去常常做某事，是固定用法，所以living改为live。句意：上周我拜访了杨先生，他是我的前邻居。我和他曾经在一起住了很多年。
3.【答案】thing改为things
【解析】考查名词的数。many other修饰可数名词复数，所以thing改为things。
4.【答案】because后加of
【解析】考查介词短语。because后面接句子，而because of后面接成分，所以because后面加of。句意：大约半年前，我们被告知，这座老建筑，连同许多其他类似的东西，将被拆除，以便腾出地方
建一条主要街道。所以我们不得不因为这件事而搬迁。
5.【答案】my改为his
【解析】考查代词。他的新公寓比之前的要大很多。表示“他的”，所以my改为his。句意：他的新公寓比以前大多了。
6.【答案】takes改为took
【解析】考查动词的时态。表示发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，所以takes改为took。
7.【答案】删除to
【解析】考查动词。reach当“到达”讲时，是及物动词，后面直接接宾语，所以删除to。句意：唯一的问题是，到达市中心需要相当长的时间。
8.【答案】Therefore改为However
【解析】考查连词。上下文为转折关系，所以Therefore改为However。
9.【答案】distant改为distance
【解析】考查名词。形容词long应该修饰名词，所以distant改为distance。句意：然而，看起来杨先生并不担心距离的遥远。
10.【答案】what改为that
【解析】考查名词从句。“that he would live happily”是一个宾语从句，引导词在从句中不作任何成分，也没有具体的意思，所以what改为that。句意：他说要修建一条新的地铁线路，他确信他会过上
幸福的生活。