Book 4
UNIT1
1.only+状语（副词、介词短语或从句）位于句首时，句子要部分倒装。
（把be动词/情态动词/助动词提前到主语前面）
only+状语+助V+主语+其他
1 I realized that I was wrong only then.
? Only then did I realize that I was wrong.
② You can learn English well only in this way.
? Only in this way can you learn English well.
③ We will achieve success only when we work hard.
? Only when you work hard will you achieve success.
2.spend、pay、cost、take 表“花费”
sb+spend+time/money+(in)doing sth/on sth
sb+pay+money+for sth
It+cost(sb)+money+to do sth sth +cost+ sb+money
It+take(sb)+time+to do sth
eg:①读这本书花了他两天的时间。
He spent two days ( in ) reading this book.
= It took him two days to read this book.
2 买这辆车花了他20万元。
He spent 200,000 on thiis car.
= He paid 200,000 yuan for the car.
3.lead a(+adj.) life 过着...的生活
lead a quiet/simple/happy life
4.look down upon/on... 鄙视...瞧不起...
eg：我们不应该瞧不起残疾人。
We shouldn’t look down upon / on the disable .
5.by chance= by accident 碰巧，偶然地
eg: 我偶然找到了那本丢失了的书。
I found the lost book by chance.
come across... 偶然碰到（某人），偶然发现（某物）
eg：我今天早上在街上遇到了一个老朋友。
I came across an old friend on the street this morning.
6.carry on (sth) 继续；坚持
eg：在他死了之后，他的孩子肯定会坚持他的梦想的。
After his death , his children will certainly carry on his dream.
carry out 履行，执行，实行
eg：你必须实履行你的承诺，要不然的话没人会相信你。
You must carry out your promise, or no one will believe you.
7.intend to do sth 打算做某事
eg：我打算赶上早班车，但我没有及时起床。
I intented to catch the early train, but I didn’t get up in time.
be intended for sb 为...而准备，专供...使用
eg：这张椅子是为你准备的，但她拿走了。
The chair was intended for you, butshe took it away.
8.devote oneself/one’s life to(doing) sth
= be devoted to (doing) sth 奉献于...，献身于...，致力于...
devoted adj. 奉献的，忠诚的 devotion n.奉献
eg：这个医生致力于研究疾病。
The doctor devoted himself to studying sickness.
= The doctor was devoted to studying sickness.
9.connect...with... 把...和...联系起来
eg：我们应该把学习和思考联系起来。
We should connect learning with thinking.
10.值得做某事
Sth. Be (well) worth +doing [worth形容词，值得的、值（多少）]
Sth. be worthy + of being done/ to be done/ of sth [worthy表被动]
It is worthwhile + to do sth./doing sth [worthwhile形容词，值得的]
eg：这本书值得一谈。
The book is worth reading.
= The book is worthy of being read.
= The book is worthy to be read.
= It is worthwhile to read the book.
11.argue with sb. About sth. 同某人辩论某事
eg：他正在和同学争论这个问题的解决方法。
He is arguing with their classmates about the solution to the problem.
12. crowd n.人群 v. 拥挤 crowd in 涌入
eg：门打开了，所有人都涌进来了。
The door opened and all the people crowded in.
13. refer...to...(referred, referring)
1）提及，谈到，指的是 2）指的是，与...有关 3）参考，查阅
eg：会议上提到他的名字。
His name was referred to at the meeting.
reference n.参考
UNIT2
1.born...过去分词作状语，与主语之间为被动关系。
eg：钟南山1941年5月1日出生在广州，他是中国最伟大的医生之一。
Born in Guangzhou on May 1,1941,Zhong Nanshan is one of the greatest doctors in Chain.
2.thanks to sb/sth 多亏，由于=because of...
eg：多亏你的帮助，我按时完成了任务。
Thanks to your help, I finished the work on time.
3.rid A of B 使A摆脱/除去B
get rid of... 摆脱/除去...
eg：你应该改掉坏习惯。
You should rid yourself of the bad habbits. = You should get rid of the bad habbits.
4.英语中的倍数表达法：
（1）（n-1）倍 + 比较级 + than...
（2）倍数 + as + 原级 + as..
（3）倍数 + the + 名词 + of...
（n：size大小，length长度，width宽度，height高度，weight重量）
Once \twice \ three times
eg：这条鱼是那条鱼的四倍大。
This fish is three times bigger than that one.
= This fish is four times as big as that one.
= This fish is four times the size of that one.
5.be satisfied with... 对...感到满意
eg：她对自己的所得从不感到满足。
She is never satisfied with what she has got.
6.satisfy vt. 使满意 satisfied adj. 感到满意的（sb）
satisfying adj. 令人满意的(sth) = satisfactory（常用）
satisfaction n. 满意to one’s satisfation 让某人满意的是eg：让我满意的是，他的行为很令人满意。
To my satisfaction , his behaviour is satisfactory.
7.care about 在乎，在意
eg：我不在乎别人说什么。
I don’t care what others say.
8.therefore adv. 因此，所以（可与and 同时使用）
so conj(连词) 因此，所以（不可与and同时使用）
eg：天下雨，足球赛因此而延期了。
It rained and therefore the football match was put off.
9.confuse vt. 1）使迷惑 2）混淆
confused adj. 感到迷惑的
confusing adj.令人迷惑的 confusion n. 迷惑，混淆
be confused about.... 对...感到迷惑
eg：我对这个令人迷惑的问题感到迷惑。
I am confused about the confusing question.
10.would rather+（not）do sth 宁愿（没）做...
eg：我宁愿现在在乡村里工作。
I’d rather work in the countryside now.
would rather + (not) have done sth 宁愿过去（没）做了....
（而实际未做）（虚拟语气）
eg：我宁愿昨晚呆在家里。
I would rather have stayed at home last night.
would rather...than... 宁愿...而不...
eg：我宁愿在家看电视也不愿去电影院。
I would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema.
11 .regret v. 1)后悔 2）遗憾
regret + doing sth 后悔做过某事（常用 having done） regret + to do sth 遗憾要做某事
eg：我后悔以前浪费了太多时间。
I regret having wasted too much time before.
我很遗憾地告诉你我不能去你的生日派对。
I regret to tell you I can’t come to your birthday party.
12.It做形式宾语形式：主+谓v+it +adj./n.+(for sb) to do
+that(从句)
eg：我认为对于我们来说学好英语很重要。
I think it important ( for us ) to learn English well.
13.lend to sth 1）导致 2）通向（led，led）
lend to sb. doing sth 导致某人做某事
eg：刻苦努力导致成功，而懒惰导致失败。
Hard work leads to success while laziness leads to failure.
14.focus v. 聚焦 n.焦点
focus （one’s attention) on ... 集中（注意力）于
eg：你应该关注你的学习而不是你的爱好。
You should foucs on your studies and not on your hobbies. 15. Keep...free from.../of... 使...免受（影响、伤害等）eg：我们应该保护河流免受污染。
We should keep the rivers free from pollution.
16. struggle against... 为反对...而斗争
struggle for.... 为争取...而斗争
struggle with... 和...并肩战斗
eg：我们同各种困难作斗争。
We had to struggling all kinds of success.
All roads lead to Rome. 条条大路通罗马。
UNIT3
1. up to now= so far “到现在为止”。常与现在完成时连用
eg：直到现在我还没收到过他的信。
i haven’t heard from him up to now.
2. content adj. 满足的，满意的 =satisfied
be content with sth 对...满意 =be satisfied with...
be content to do sth. 感到满意做某事
eg: 我对我现在的生活很满意。
I am content with my present life.
3. 这条新闻让人惊讶。
That news astonished everyone. (v.)
That news is astonishing. (adj.)
Everyone was astonished at the news.
eg:让我们惊讶的是，他已经结婚了。
To my astonishment, he has been married.
4. failure n. 1) 失败 [不可数] ;2) 失败的人或事 [可数]
eg:这次会议是个彻头彻尾的大失败。
The meeting was a failure from star to finish.
失败乃是成功之母。
Failure is the mother of success.
5. overcome v. 克服，战胜(overcame，overcome)
eg: 我们应该尽力克服所有困难，永不放弃。
We should overcome all the difficulties and never give up.
6. badly off 穷困的，境况不好的
worse off 更穷的，境况更坏的
well off 富裕的，境况好的
better off 更富的，境况更好的
7. as if/ as though “好像”+方式状语从句（用虚拟语气）
现在：did(were) 过去：had done 将来：would do
eg：这些学生那么开心好像明天是暑假一样。
The students are so happy as if it would be summer holiday tomorrow.
他的行为好像有个小孩一样。
He behaves as if he were a child.
我记得一切事情仿佛这是昨天发生的一样。
I remember everything as if it had happened only yesterday.
8. convince vt. 使信服，使相信
convince sb .+ of sth... 使某人信服... 使某人相信....
convince sb .+ that...
说服某人做... convine sb. + to do sth
eg: 他试图让我相信他是诚实的。
He tired to convince me of his honesty.
= He tried to convince me that he was honest.
他试图说服我和他一起去。
He tried to convince me to go with him.
9. star in... 主演
eg:他主演了许多好电影
He has stared in a lot of good films.
10. particular adj. 1) 特别的 2) 挑剔的，讲究的
be particular about... 对...挑剔，对...讲究
eg: 她对食物很讲究。
She is particular about food.
In particular 特别地，尤其地 = particularly adv.
UNIT4
1. represent vt. 代表
eg: 她被选中代表我们班参加运动会。
She was chosen to represent our class at the sports meeting.
2. curious adj. 好奇的 curiously adv. 好奇地 curiosity n. 好奇心
be curious about sth. 对...感到好奇
eg: 约翰对人类的起源感到恨好奇。
John is curious about the origin of mankind.
3. approash v. 接近 n. 方法
eg: 一大波僵尸正在逼近。
A huge wave of zombies is approaching.
学校决定采取（adopt）另一种方法解决问题。
The school has decided to adopt a different approach to solve the problem.
4. defend...aganist... 保卫...免受...
eg: 我们应该保卫国家免受攻击。
We should defend our country against attack.
5. Nor/ neither + be/助/情态动词 +主语表示“也不”（前句为否定句）
So + be/助/情态动词 +主语表示“也”（前句为肯定句）
eg: 我不想去，他也不想。
I don’t want to go, nor does he.
我想去，他也想。
I want to go, so does he.
6. 否定副词位于句首，句子要部分倒装。
（如neither/nor, never, seldom, hardly, little, not等）
eg: I will never forget the day.
→ Never will I forget the day.
He seldom goes to the cinema.
→ Seldom does he go to the cinema.
7. likely adj. 可能的
(sb.) be likely to do sth.
= It’s likely that... 很有可能做....
eg: 我们很有可能赢得这场比赛。
We are likely to win the match. = It’s likely that we will win the match. He is likely to be late for class. = It’s likely that he will be late for class.
8. In general 大体上，总的来说 =generally speaking
eg: 总的来说，他是一个好人。
In general, he is a good guy.
9. avoid vt. 避开，避免
avoid doing sth
eg: 他离开了家乡，避免碰见他的敌人。（enemies）
He left his hometown to aviod meeting his enemies.
10. at ease 轻松，自在
feel at ease 感觉轻松，自在
eg: 我和他在一起从不感到自在。
I never feel at ease with him.
put sb at ease 使...轻松，自在
eg: 当你感到紧张时，你最好听听音乐使自己放松。
When you feel nervous, you’d better listen to music to put yourself at ease.
11. turn one’s back to.. . 1) 背对... 2) 背弃...
eg: 当我需要帮忙的时候，她背弃了我。
She turned her back to me when I needed help.
12. With 符合结构做状语
With + 宾语 + doing （正在进行）
done （被动）
to do （将来）
adj.
adv.
prep. 短语
①He lay on the grass with his eyes looking at the sky.
②With his hair cut, he looked much younger.
③With a lot of homework to do, I can’t go skating.
④He went out with window open.
⑤He went to bed with the light on.
⑥The teacher came in with a book in his hand.
⑦With time going by, she became more beautiful.
⑧As time went by, she became more beautiful.
UNIT5
1. various adj. 各种各样的，不同种类的= all kinds of
eg: 图书馆里有各种各样的书。
There are various kind of books in the library.
他为自己的迟到给出了种种理由。
He gave various reasons for his being late.
variety n. 种类，多样性
a variety of ..... 各种各样的，不同种类的 = varieties of
eg: 图书馆有各种各样的书。
There are a variety of books in the library.
= There are various of books in the library.
2. be famous for ... 因....而著名 = be well known for...
be famous as ... 作为....而著名 = be well known as...
be famous to... 为...所熟知 = be well known to...
eg: 北京因长城而著名。
Beijing is famous for the Great Wall.
中国以北京为首都而著名。
Beijing is famous as the capital of China.
中国每个地方都知道北京。
Beijing is famous to every Chinese.
3. (sb) be familiar with (sth) 某人熟悉...
(sth) be familiar to (sb) （某物）为...所熟悉
eg: 我对东莞很熟悉。
I am familiar with Dongguan.
= Dongguan is familiar to me.
4. attraction n. 1)吸引力; 2)有吸引力的事务
eg: 对于很多人来说，钱很有吸引力
Money has great attraction for many people.
长城是中国的一大旅游胜地。
The Great Wall is a great attraction in China.
attractive adj. 有吸引力的；引人注意的
eg: 她是一个迷人的女孩。
She is an attractive girl.
5. no wonder 难怪；不足为奇 = it’s no wonder ( that )
eg: 他如此努力。怪不得他被重点大学录取了。
He worked so hard. No wonder he was addimited to the key university.
6. minor adj. 少数的，次要的 minority n.少数
the minority of.... 少数的...
major adj. 多数的，主要的 majority n.大多数
the majority of.... 大多数的
eg: 我们班大部分学生是男生。
The majority of students in our class are boys.
少数学生考试不及格。
The minority of students failed the exam.
7. get close to ... 接近，靠近 = approach
eg: 不要靠近那只老虎，要不然你会受伤的。
Don’t get close to the tiger, or you will get hurt.
你应该亲近大自然和做多点运动。
You should get close to nature and take more exercise.
close adj./adv. 近的 closely adv. 密切地，仔细地
eg: 她靠近他站着以便于她能仔细地看。
She stood close to him so that she could watch closely.
8. admission n. 1)承认 2)允许进入 3)入场费
admit v. 1) 承认 2)允许进入
admit doing sth 承认做某事
admit sb to do sth 承认某人做某事
be admitted to ... 被允许进入....，被...录用
eg: 那个小偷承认偷钱。 The thief admitted having stolen the money.
他们承认他疯了 They admitted him to be mad.
她被一间有名的大学录取了。 He was admitted to famous university.
9. Not only....but also... 不仅...而且...
Not only A but also B +V (看B) = A as well as B +V (看A)
Not only many students but also a teacher is in the classroom.
= A teacher as well as many as students in the classroom.
连接两个句子时，not only 谓语句首，句子要部分倒装。
eg: 他不仅会唱，而且还会跳。
Not only can he sing, but also he can dance.
他不仅很聪明，而且还很努力。
Not only is he clever, but also he works hard.
动名词做主语
1. 主语
Using the right hand to shake hands is a convention in many countries.
用右手握手是许多国家的一种习惯。
2. 动名词在“It is no use / no good / fun / a waste of time / a good pleasure +doing”结构中作主语，it为形式主语。
It is no good writing to him; he never answers letters.
写信给他不妥，他从来不回信息。
It is no use complaining; the compant won’t do anything about it.
抱怨是没有用的，公司是不会管的。
3. “It is useless / nice / good / interesting / worthwhile + doing ”
It is useless speaking.
光说是没有用的。
4. “There is ( was ) no + doing ”
There is no denying that she is very efficient.
她效率高是不容否认的。
动名词作宾语
1.有些动词后面要求跟动名词作宾语。
1 习惯上只接动名词的动词：admit(允许), appreciate(欣赏), avoid(避免),
consider, delay(推迟), deny(否认，怀疑), enjoy, escape(逃避), prevent，finish, imagine, mind, practise, risk, suggest, keep, forbid, advise, allow, can’t help, be worth, miss(错过), excuse, feel like, get down to(着手), mention(提到), imagine, forgive
你承认不承认打破了窗户？
Will you admit having broken the window ?
2 后接doing的词组：prefer...to, be used to, lead to, devote oneself
to, stick to(坚持), look forward to, can’t help, be tired of, be fond of, be afraid of, be proud of, think of/about, put off, insist on(坚持), be successful in, be good at, burst out, prevent..from, give up， keep （on）
我们期待着来到中国。
We are looking forward to coming to China./ being taken to China.
3 可接不定式和动名词作宾语且含义基本相同的动词：like, love, hate,
prefer, begin, start, continue, intend.
4 可接不定式和动名词作宾语但含义不同的动词：remember， forget, regret,
try, mean, stop, go on.
2.在介词后接动名词作宾语。
We succeeded in getting over all the difficulties.
我们终于克服了所有的困难。
3.在下列结构中:
have difficutly/ trouble/ problem/ a hard time fun/ a good time ( +in )+ 动名词
there is no point ( in ) + 动名词，做某事没有意义
在这些结构中动名词作介词宾语，in常要省去。
Eg：There is no point ( in ) making the simple experiment once again.
再做一次简单的实验是毫无意义的。
4.在复合宾语中，用it作形式宾语，将动名词短语放在最后。
Eg：I consider it a waste of time arguing about it.
我认为辩论这事是很浪费时间的。
动名词作宾语
1.动词need, require（需要）, want, deserve（值得）后，用动名词的主动性时表示被动意义，其用法相当于不定时的被动结构。
Eg：The watch needs repaired. = The watch needs to be repaired.
这块表需要修理。
The problem deserves thinking about. = The problem deserves to be thought about.
这个问题值得考虑。
2. 在( be ) worth 后面只能用动名词的主语语态来表示被动意义。
Eg：His suggestion is worth considering.
他的建议值得考虑。
【易错点】
1.下面短语中的to是介词，后面只能跟名词或动名词。
devote oneself/ one’s time, energy, etc.to (投入...), get down to(着手于), lead to(通向，导致), object to(反对), pay attention to(注意), look forward to(期望), be used to(习惯于), stick to(坚持)等
[错] His whole family objected to his give up the job.
[对] His whole family objected to his giving up the job.
2.下列动词后只能跟不定式：
afford, agree, ask, attempt, choose,decide, hope, expect, intend, learn, long, manage, offer, plan, pretend, promise, refuse, want, wish等
[错] He offered helping me.
[对] He offered to help me.
3.下列动词或动词短语的后面只能跟动名词：
admit(承认), appreciate, aviod, can’t help(禁不住), can’t stand(不能忍受), consider(考虑，打算), enjoy, escape(躲避), excuse, fininsh, give up, imagine, insist on, mind, miss(错过), practice, put off, risk, set about, suggest(建议)等
[错] He addimited to break the windows.
[对] He addimited breaking the windows.
4.下列动词后既可跟不定时，也可以跟动名词，但含义不同
forget to do（忘记了要做某事） remember
forget doing （忘记做过的事情）
regret to do（指当时或者现在遗憾地做某事....）
regret doing （后会做了什么事情）
try to do（试图、努力、尽力做某事）
try doing（尝试做某事）
stop to do（停下来去做另一件事）stop doing（停下正在做的事情）
mean to do（打算做某事）
mean doing（意味着）
go on to do（继续去做另一件事情） go on doing（继续做同一件事情）
人教版_高中英语必修一unit1_知识点总结 Survey n. 纵览,视察,测量v. 审视,视察,通盘考虑,调查 1. we stood on the top of the mountain and surveyed the countryside. 我们站在山顶上,眺望乡村? 2. a quick survey of the street showed that no one was about. 扫视街道, 空无一人? Add v. 增加 1. he added some wood to increase the fire. 他加了一些木柴,使火旺些? 2. if you add 4 to 5, you get 9. 四加五等于九? 3. add up all the money i owe you. 把我应付你的钱都加在一起? Upset a. 烦乱的,不高兴 v. 颠覆,推翻,扰乱,使心烦意乱,使不舒服 1. i'm always upset when i don't get any mail. 我接不到任何邮件时总是心烦意乱? 2. he has an upset stomach. 他胃不舒服? 3. the news quite upset him. 这消息使他心烦意乱? Ignore v. 不顾,不理,忽视 1. i said hello to her, but she ignored me completely! 我向她打招呼, 可她根本不理我! 2. i can't ignore his rudeness any longer. 他粗暴无礼, 我再也不能不闻不问了? Calm n. 平稳,风平浪静 a. 平静的,冷静的 v. 平静下来,镇静 1. it was a beautiful morning, calm and serene. 那是一个宁静?明媚的早晨? 2. you should keep calm even in face of danger. 即使面临危险,你也应当保持镇静? 3. have a brandy it'll help to calm you (down). 来点儿白兰地--能使你静下来? Calm down vt. 平静下来(镇定下来)
高中英语黄金阅读(高一版) 习俗类 (1) In the US, people prefer waiting for a table to sitting with people they don’t know. This means a hostess may not seat a small group until a small table is available, even if a large one is. If you are sitting at a table with people you don’t know, it is impolite to light up a cigarette without asking if it will disturb them. At American restaurants and coffee shops you are usually served tap water before you order. You may find the bread and butter is free, and if you order coffee, you may get a free refill. Most cities and towns have no rules about opening and closing time for stores or restaurants, though they usually do make rules for bars. Especially in large cities, stores may be open 24 hours a day. Serving in restaurants is often large; too large for many people. If you can’t finish your meal but would like to enjoy the food later, ask your waitress or waiter for a “doggie bag”. It may have a picture of a dog on it, but everybody knows you’re taking the food for yourself. Supper and dinner are both words for the evening meal. Some people have “Sunday dinner”. This is an especially big noon meal. Tips are not usually added to the check. They are not included in the price of the meal, either. A tip of about 15% is expected and you should leave it on the table when you leave. In some restaurants, a check is brought on a plate and you put your money there. Then the waiter or waitress brings you your change. 1. Which statement is true? A. American people like sitting with people they don’t know. B. A hostess always seats a small group at a large table. C. American people never sit with people they don’t know. D. American people would not light a cigarette if the people who sit at the same table mind their smoking. 2. What is served before you order? A. bread B. butter C. coffee D. cold water 3. What do American people always do when servings are too large for them? A. They take the food home with a doggie bag for their dogs. B. They leave the food on the table and go away. C. They take the food home with a doggie bag and enjoy the food later. D. They ask the waitress or waiter to keep the food for them. 4. Sunday dinner is_______. A. a dinner in the evening B. A big noon meal C. a big lunch on Sunday D. A supper on Sunday 【答案解析】本文介绍了美国人在外就餐时的风俗习惯。 1. D。细节题。根据第一段及关键句…it is impolite to light up a cigarette without asking if it will disturb them 可知 A、B、C 与原文不相符，同时关键句告诉我们“未
Book 4 UNIT1 1.only+状语（副词、介词短语或从句）位于句首时，句子要部分倒装。 （把be动词/情态动词/助动词提前到主语前面） only+状语+助V+主语+其他 ① I realized that I was wrong only then. ? Only then did I realize that I was wrong. ② You can learn English well only in this way. ? Only in this way can you learn English well. ③ We will achieve success only when we work hard. ? Only when you work hard will you achieve success. 2.spend、pay、cost、take 表“花费” sb+spend+time/money+(in)doing sth/on sth sb+pay+money+for sth It+cost(sb)+money+to do sth sth +cost+ sb+money It+take(sb)+time+to do sth eg:①读这本书花了他两天的时间。 He spent two days ( in ) reading this book. = It took him two days to read this book. ②买这辆车花了他20万元。 He spent 200,000 on thiis car. = He paid 200,000 yuan for the car. 3.lead a(+adj.) life 过着...的生活 lead a quiet/simple/happy life 4.look down upon/on... 鄙视...瞧不起... eg：我们不应该瞧不起残疾人。 We shouldn’t look down upon / on the disable . 5.by chance= by accident 碰巧，偶然地 eg: 我偶然找到了那本丢失了的书。 I found the lost book by chance. come across... 偶然碰到（某人），偶然发现（某物） eg：我今天早上在街上遇到了一个老朋友。 I came across an old friend on the street this morning. 6.carry on (sth) 继续；坚持 eg：在他死了之后，他的孩子肯定会坚持他的梦想的。 After his death , his children will certainly carry on his dream. carry out 履行，执行，实行 eg：你必须实履行你的承诺，要不然的话没人会相信你。 You must carry out your promise, or no one will believe you. 7.intend to do sth 打算做某事 eg：我打算赶上早班车，但我没有及时起床。 I intented to catch the early train, but I didn’t get up in time. be intended for sb 为...而准备，专供...使用
高中英语必修一 Unit 1 △survey /'s??ve?/n. 调查；测验add up 合计 upset adj. 心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的vt. (upset, upset) 使不安；使心烦ignore [iɡ?n?:]vt. 不理睬；忽视 calm [kɑ:m]vt. & vi. （使）平静；（使）镇定 adj. 平静的；镇静的；沉着的 calm(…)down （使）平静下来；（使）镇定下来 have got to 不得不；必须 concern [k?n?s?:n] vt. （使）担忧；涉及；关系到; n. 担心；关注；（利害）关系 be concerned about 关心；挂念 walk the dog 遛狗 loose [lu:s] adj. 松的；松开的 △vet n. 兽医 go through 经历；经受 △Amsterdam n. 阿姆斯特丹（荷兰首都） Netherlands n. 荷兰（西欧国家） △Jewish [?d?u:??] 犹太人的；犹太族的 German [?d??:m?n] adj. 德国的；德国人的；德语的; n．德国人；德语 △Nazi n. 纳粹党人adj. 纳粹党的 set down 记下；放下；登记 series [?si?ri:z] n. 连续；系列 a series of 一连串的；一系列；一套 △Kitty n. 基蒂（女名） outdoors [?autd?:z] adv. 在户外；在野外 △ spellbind [?spel?ba?nd] vt. (spellbound, spellbound) 迷住；迷惑 on purpos e [?p?:p?s]故意 in order to 为了…… dusk [d?sk] n. 黄昏；傍晚 at dusk 在黄昏时刻 thunder [?θ?nd?] vi. 打雷；雷鸣n．雷；雷声 entire [in?tai?] adj. 整个的；完全的；全部的 entirely adv. 完全地；全然地；整个地 power [?pau?] n. 能力；力量；权力 face to face 面对面地 curtain [?k?:tn] n. 窗帘；门帘；幕布 dusty [?d?sti:] adj. 积满灰尘的 no longer/not…any longer 不再…… partner [?pɑ:tn?] n. 伙伴；合作者；合伙人 settle [?setl]vi. 安家；定居；停留vt. 使定居；安排；解决 suffer [ ?s?f?] vt. & vi. 遭受；忍受；经历 suffer from 遭受；患病
必修4 Unit 1 A STUDENT OF AFRICAN WILDLIFE It is 5:45 am and the sun is just rising over Gombe National Park in East Afri ca. Following Jane's way of studying chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest. Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans. Watching a family of chi mps wake up is our first activity of the day. This means going back to the place where we left the family sleeping in a tree the night before. Everybody sits and wa its in the shade of the trees while the family begins to wake up and move off. Th en we follow as they wander into the forest. Most of the time, chimps either feed or clean each other as a way of showing love in their family. Jane warns us that our group is going to be very tired and dirty by the afternoon and she is right. Ho wever, the evening makes it all worthwhile. We watch the mother chimp and her b abies play in the tree. Then we see them go to sleep together in their nest for the night. We realize that the bond between members of a chimp family is as strong as in a human family. Nobody before Jane fully understood chimp behaviour. She spent years observi ng and recording their daily activities. Since her childhood she had wanted to work with animals in their own environment. However, this was not easy. When she firs t arrived in Gombe in 1960, it was unusual for a woman to live in the forest. Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to be gin her project. Her work changed the way people think about chimps. For exampl e, one important thing she discovered was that chimps hunt and eat meat. Until th en everyone had thought chimps ate only fruit and nuts. She actually observed chi mps as a group hunting a monkey and then eating it. She also discovered how ch
Unit 1 Women of achievement 1． Target language a. achieve, achievement, condition, welfare, institute, connection, campaign, organization, entertainment, inspire, support, devote ... to b. Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day. P2 Everybody sits and waits while the animals in the group begin to wake up and move. P2 But the evening makes it all worthwhile. P2 ... we see them go to sleep together in their nest for the night. P2 2． Ability goals a. Learn Warming Up, and know how to tell the great women and the famous women. b. Learn the way to describe a person from what the person did, what she/he looks like and so on. 3． Learning ability goals Teach Ss how to describe a person. Teaching important points a. By reading A protector of African wildlife, students can learn from Jane Goodall in at least two aspects: b. Ask students to answer these questions: 1) What made her a great success? 2) What should we learn from Jane Goodall? Teaching difficult points Let everyone believe that all of us can become Jane Goodall. Teaching methods Inspiration, Questioning and Discussion. Teaching aids A computer, a projector and a recorder.
Unit 1 achievement n. 成就；功绩 △Joan of Arc 圣女贞德 △Elizabeth Fry 伊丽莎白.弗赖伊 （英国慈善家） △Quaker n. 教友派信徒；贵格会会员welfare n. 福利；福利事业 project n. 项目；工程；规划 institute n. 学会；学院；协会 △China Welfare Institute 中国福利基金会specialist n. 专家；专业工作者specialize vi. 专攻；专门从事；专注于 △Jane Goodall 简.古道尔(英国动物学家) △chimp n. （非洲）黑猩猩 connection n. 连接；关系 human being 人类 △Jody Williams 乔迪.威廉斯 （美国诺贝尔和平奖得者）campaign n. 运动；战役 vi. 作战；参加运动 △landmine n. 地雷 organization n. 组织；机构；团体 △Gombe National Park 贡贝国家公园behave vt. & vi. 举动；（举止或行为）表现behaviour (=behavior) 行为；举止；习性shade n. 荫；阴凉处 vt. 遮住光线 move off 离开；起程；出发 worthwhile adj. 值得的；值得做的 nest n. 巢；窝 bond n. 联系；关系；结合；纽带observe vt. 观察；观测；遵守observation n. 观察；观测 childhood n. 童年；幼年时代 outspoken adj. 直言的；坦诚 respect vt. & n. 尊敬；尊重；敬意 argue vt. & vi. 讨论；辩论；争论 argument n. 争论；争辩；争吵 entertainment n. 款待；娱乐；娱乐表演 lead a … life 过着……的生活 crowd n. 人群；观众 vt. 挤满；使拥挤 crowd in （想法、问题等）涌上心头； 涌入脑海 inspire vt. 鼓舞；激发；启示 inspiration n. 灵感；鼓舞 support n. & vt. 支持；拥护 look down upon/on 蔑视；瞧不起 refer vi. 谈到；查阅；参考 refer to查阅；参考；谈到 audience n. 观众；听众；读者 by chance碰巧；凑巧 come across （偶然）遇见；碰见 △career n. 事业；生涯 rate n. 比率；速度 sickness n. 疾病；恶心 intend vt. 计划；打算 emergency n. 突发事件；紧急情况 generation n. 一代；一辈 △determination n. 决心；果断 kindness n. 仁慈；好意 considerate adj. 考虑周到的 consideration n. 考虑；体谅 deliver vt. 递送；生（小孩儿）；接生； 发表（演说等） carry on 继续；坚持 modest adj. 谦虚的；谦让的；适度的Unit 2 statistic n. （常用pl statistics）数据；统计； 统计数字；统计资料 sunburnt adj. 晒黑的 struggle vt. & vi. 斗争；拼搏；努力decade n. 十年；十年期 super adj. 特级的；超级的 △hybrid adj. 混合的；杂种的 n. 杂交种；混血儿output n. 产量；输出 △strain n.（植物的）品种；种类 crop n. 庄稼；农作物；产量 hunger n. 饥饿；欲望 vt. & vi. （使）饥饿 disturbing adj. 引起烦恼的；令人不安的expand vt. & vi. 使变大；伸展circulate vt. & vi. 循环；流传
人教版高一英语必修1单词表 Unit 1 1.survey 调查；测验 2.add up 合计 3.upset adj. 心烦意乱的；不安的，不适的 4.ignore不理睬；忽视 5.calm vt.&vi.（使）平静；（使）镇定adj.平静的；镇定的；沉着的calm...down（使）平静下来 6.have got to 不得不；必须 7.concern（使）担心；涉及；关系到n. 担心；关注；（利害）关系 8.be concerned about 关心；挂念 9.walk the dog 溜狗 10.loose adj 松的；松开的 11.vet 兽医 12.go through 经历；经受 13.Amsterdam 阿姆斯特丹（荷兰首都） https://www.doczj.com/doc/be13649298.html,herlands 荷兰（西欧国家） 15.Jewish 犹太人的；犹太族的 16.German 德国的；德国人的；德语的。 17.Nazi 纳粹党人adj. 纳粹党的 18.set down 记下；放下；登记 19.series 连续，系列 a series of 一连串的；一系列；一套 20.outdoors在户外；在野外 21.spellbind 迷住；疑惑 22.on purpose 故意 23.in order to 为了 24.dusk 黄昏傍晚at dusk 在黄昏时刻 25.thunder vi 打雷雷鸣n. 雷，雷声 26.entire adj. 整个的；完全的；全部的 27.entirely adv. 完全地；全然地；整个地 28.power能力；力量；权力。 29.face to face 面对面地 30.curtain 窗帘；门帘；幕布 31.dusty adj 积满灰尘的 32.no longer /not …any longer 不再 33.partner 伙伴．合作者．合伙人 34.settle 安家；定居；停留vt 使定居；安排；解决 35.suffer vt &遭受；忍受经历suffer from 遭受；患病 36.loneliness 孤单寂寞 37.highway公路 38.recover痊愈；恢复 39.get/be tired of 对…厌烦 40.pack捆扎；包装打行李n 小包；包裹pack （sth ）up 将（东西）装箱打包
新人教版高中英语课文译文 必修四 第一单元卓有成就的女性 Reading 非洲野生动物研究者 清晨5点45分，太阳刚从东非的贡贝国家公园的上空升起，我们一行人准备按照简研究黑猩猩的方法去森林里拜访它们。简研究这些黑猩猩家族已经很多年了，她帮助人们了解了黑猩猩跟人类的行为是多么的相似。我们当天的首相任务就是观察黑猩猩一家是如何醒来的。这意味着我们要返回前一天晚上我们离开时黑猩猩睡觉的大树旁。大家坐在树荫下等待着，这时候黑猩猩睡醒了，准备离开。然后这群黑猩猩向森林深处漫步而去，我们尾随其后。在大部分时间里，黑猩猩或互相喂食，或彼此擦身，这在它们的家族里是爱的表达方式。简预先提醒我们，到下午的时候我们就会又脏又累。她说对了，但是到了傍晚时分我们就觉得这一切都是值得的。我们看到黑猩猩妈妈跟她的幼子们在树上玩耍，后来看见它们一起回窝里睡觉了。我们明白了黑猩猩家庭成员之间的联系像人类家庭一样紧密。 在简之前没有人完全了解黑猩猩的行为。她花了多年的时间来观察并记录黑猩猩的日常活动。从孩提时代起，简就想在动物生活的环境中研究它们。但是，这不是一件简单的事。当她1960年最初来到贡贝时。对女性来说，住进大森林还是很稀罕的事情。她母亲头几个月来帮过她的忙，这才使她得以开始自己的计划。她的工作改变了人们对黑猩猩的看法。比方说，她的一个重要发现是黑猩猩猎食动物。而在此之前，人们一直认为黑猩猩只吃水果和坚果。她曾经亲眼看到
过一群黑猩猩捕杀一只猴子，然后把它吃掉。她还发现了黑猩猩是如何交流的，而她对黑猩猩身势语的研究帮助她勾勒出黑猩猩的社会体系。 40年来，简·古道尔一直在呼吁世人了解并尊重这些动物的生活。她主张应该让野生动物留在野外生活，而不是用于娱乐或公告。她还为黑猩猩建起了可以安全生活的专门的保护区，她的生活是忙忙碌碌的，然而，正如她所说的：“我一旦停下来，所有的一切就会涌上心头。我就会想起实验室的黑猩猩，太可怕了。每当我看着野生黑猩猩时，这个念头总是萦绕着我。我会对自己说：…难道它们不幸运吗？?然后我就想起了那些没有如何过错却被关在笼子里的小 黑猩猩。一旦你看到这些，你就永远不会忘记……。” 简已经得到了她想要得到的一切：在动物的栖息地工作：获得博士学位；还向世人证明女人和男人一样也能在森林里生活。她激励着人们为妇女们的成就而喝彩。 Using Language 为什么不继承她的事业？ 上学时我喜欢英语、生物和化学，但是我进大学该选哪门专业呢？直到有一天晚上坐在电脑旁研究中国的伟大女性时，我才有了答案。 很偶然地，我看到了一篇关于林稚巧大夫的文章。她是妇科专家，1901年生，1983年去世。林稚巧似乎一直都在为自己选择的事业而奔忙，去国外留学，写了很多书和文章。其中有一本书引起了我的注意。这是一本小书，介绍如何从妇女怀孕到护理婴儿的过程中降低死亡率，她提出了一些可以遵循的简单的做法，保持婴儿清洁和健康，让他们远离疾病。她为什么要写这些东西呢?林稚巧认为哪些妇女会需要这些忠告呢？我仔细地看了这篇文章，了解到那是为农村妇女写的。也许是她们在遇到紧急情况时找不到医生。
Teaching Plan Unit1 Friendship 教材人教版高中英语必修一 试讲者李瑶单位新疆师范大学 适用年级高中一年级单元第一单元 课题Anne’s Best Friend 课时共五课时，第二课时 （ Reading） 一．教材分析 Analysis of the Teaching Materials This unit is the first unit of the senior English studying which talks about friendship.As for the students, at the beginning of senior school life, making new friends is one of important things for them now,so the topic of this unit is appropriate at the present time. It can easily stimulate students’interests in English learning and help students think how to choose friends and the meaning of the friendship. The reading passage is the center of the unit. It mainly talks about the Anna , a Jewish girl , during the world war II, regarded the diary as her best friend to express her happiness, sorrow and missing to her hometown. 二．学情分析 Analysis of the Students As the students, grade1of senior high school,they have the basic abilities of listening,speaking,reading and writing,but they still need more chances to practice what they have learnt and improve their ability of communicating with others and expressing their ideas fluently and accurately. Meanwhile,it is also necessary to develop their autonomous learning ability and cooperative learning ability, as well cultivate the awareness of cultural differences. 三. 教学目标 Teaching Aims 1.Knowledge Objectives 1.Get students to know the main content of this article. 2.Learn about the formats of a diary. 2.Ability Objectives 1.Develop their reading ability and learn to use some reading strategies such as guessing, key sentences, skimming and so on. 2.Summarize different paragraphs. 3.Emotion Objectives
I 主语和谓语动词的一致 1主语要和谓语动词保持人称和数的一致。如: I am seventeen. She is sixteen. There is a desk in the room. There are no chairs in it. They have not come yet. Nobody knows who is going to win in the competition. What is the latest news about the Olympic Games? 2两个名词由and连接作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数。如: Wang Gang and Zhang Hua were here a moment ago. My brother and I have both seen the film. Both rice and wheat are grown in this part of China. 说明 (1) 当and不表示并列意义，连接两个在意义上表示同一人、物或概念或由两个部件配成的物品时，谓语动词用单数。如: The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting.那位教授作家正在会上发言。 One more knife and fork is needed.还需要一副刀叉。 War and peace is a constant theme in history.战争与和平是历史永恒的主题。 (2) 两个并列的名词有each, every, many a等修饰语时，谓语动词一般用单数。如: Each doctor and (each) nurse / Every doctor and (every) nurse was given a new shirt.每个大夫和护士都发了一件新衬衫。 NO sound and no voice is heard.-点声音都没有。 Many boy and (many a) girl has made the same mistake.许多男孩女孩都犯了同样的错误。2电休名词group, class family army, enemy等作主语时，如果强调整体，谓语动词用单数形
高中英语人教版必修四 短语 文档编制序号：[KKIDT-LLE0828-LLETD298-POI08]
人教版英语必修4词组归纳总结Unit 1 1. in pairs 成对 2. give reasons for 给…理由 3. improve prison conditions改善监狱的条件 4. the Nobel Peace Prize诺贝尔和平奖 5. one of the top leaders高级领导人之一 6. concern oneself with 让自己关注 (be concerned about对…担心) 7. welfare projects福利事业 8. China Welfare Institute中国福利协会 9. show the connection between … and … 显示出…和…之间的联系 10. fight for为…而战 11. put…to death将…处死 12. a specialist in women’s illne sses妇科疾病的专家 13. devote all her life to将自己的一生献给… 致力于… 14. rather than而不是 15. behave like humans像人类的举止 16. the night before前一天晚上
17. wander off离开 18. make it all worthwhile使…值得 19. come into one’s arms回到…的怀抱 20. fully understand完全理解 21. observe and record their daily activities观察记录他们的日常活动 22. be determined to下定决心… 23. communicate…with 与…交流 24.?work out their social system勾勒出他们的社会体系 25.?the rest of the world世界上的其他人 26.?argue for…为…辩护argue against…反对… argue with sb. 与…争论 27.?come crowding in纷塌而至 28.?achieve everything做成了所有的事 29.?gain a doctor’s degree获得了博士学位 30.?cheer the achievements of women为妇女的成就喝彩 31.?support a family支撑一个家庭 32.?get upset感到不安 33.?be of great importance很重要 34.?look down upon 看不起
必修 4 Unit 1 n.成就；功绩 △圣女贞德 （法国民族女英雄） △E 伊丽莎白 ?弗赖伊 （英国慈善家） △n. 教友派信徒；贵格会会员 n. 福利；福利事业 p n.项目；工程；规划 n.学会；学院；协会 △C 中国福利基金会 t n.专家；专业工作者 △ vi.专攻；专门从事；专注于 △ J 简?古道尔 (英国动物学家) △n. （非洲）黑猩猩 n. 连接；关系 人类 △s 乔迪 ?威廉斯 （美国诺贝尔和平奖得者）n.运动；战役 vi.作战；参加运动 △n. 地雷 n.组织；机构；团体 △贡贝国家公园 (位于坦桑尼亚) & vi.举动；（举止或行为）表现 行为；举止；习性 n.荫；阴凉处 vt.遮住光线 离开；起程；出发 adj.值得的；值得做的 n.巢；窝 n. 联系；关系；结合；纽带 vt.观察；观测；遵守 n.观察；观测n. 童年；幼年时代 adj.直言的；坦诚 vt. & n.尊敬；尊重；敬意 vt. & vi.讨论；辩论；争论 n.争论；争辩；争吵n. 款待；娱乐；娱乐表演
过着??的生活 n.人群；观众 vt.挤满；使拥挤 （想法、问题等）涌上心头；涌入脑海 vt.鼓舞；激发；启示 △n. 灵感；鼓舞 n. & vt.支持；拥护蔑视； 瞧不起 vi.谈到；查阅；参考 查阅；参考；谈到 n.观众；听众；读者 碰巧；凑巧 （偶然）遇见；碰见 △r n. 事业；生涯 n.比率；速度 n.疾病；恶心 vt.计划；打算 n.突发事件；紧急情况 n.一代；一辈 △n. 决心；果断 n.仁慈；好意 adj.考虑周到的 n.考虑；体谅 vt.递送；生（小孩儿）；接生； 发表（演说等） 继续；坚持 adj.谦虚的；谦让的；适度的 Unit 2 n. （常用 pl statisitcs）数据；统计；统计数字；统计资料.晒黑的 & vi.斗争；拼搏；努力 n.十年；十年期 adj.特级的；超级的 △adj. 混合的；杂种的 n.杂交种；混血儿 n.产量；输出 △n. （植物的）品种；种类 n.庄稼；农作物；产量 n.饥饿；欲望 vt. & vi.（使）饥饿 adj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的 vt. & vi. vt. & vi.使变大；伸展循环；流传
必修一 Unit1 Anne’s Best Friend Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts? Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are goi ng through? Anne Frank wanted the first kind, so she made her diary her best friend. Anne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War Ⅱ. Her family was Jewish so nearl y twenty-five months before they were discovered. During that time the only true friend was her diary. She said, ”I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do, but I want this diary itself to be my friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty.” Now read how she felt after being in the hiding place si nce July 1942. Thursday 15th June, 1944 Dear Kitty, I wonder if i t’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy ab out everything to do with nature. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sk y, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. That’s chan ged since I was here. … For example, one evening when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by my self. But as the moon gave far too much light, I di dn’t dare open a window. Another time five months ago, I happened to be upstairs at dusk when the window was open. I didn’t go downstairs until the window bad to be shut. The dark, rainy eve ning, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power; it was the first time in a ye ar and a half that I’d seen the night face to face… … Sadly …I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains hanging before very dusty windows . It’s no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced. Yours, Anne 第一单元友谊Reading 安妮最好的朋友 你是不是想有一位无话不谈能推心置腹的朋友呢？或者你是不是担心你的朋友会嘲笑你，会不理解你目前的困境呢？安妮·弗兰克想要的是第一种类型的朋友，于是她就把日记当成了她最好的朋友。安妮在第二次世界大战期间住在荷兰的阿姆斯特丹。她一家人都是犹太人，所以他们不得不躲藏起来，否则他们就会被德国纳粹抓去。她和她的家人躲藏了两年之后才被发现。在这段时间里，她唯一的忠实朋友就是她的日记了。她说，“我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账。我要把这本日记当作我的朋友，我要把我这个朋友称作基蒂”。安妮自从1942年7月起就躲藏在那儿了，现在，来看看她的心情吧。亲爱的基蒂： 我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。我记得非常清楚，以前，湛蓝的天空、鸟儿的歌唱、月光和鲜花，从未令我心迷神往过。自从我来到这里，这一切都变了。 ……比方说，有天晚上天气很暖和，我熬到11点半故意不睡觉，为的是独自好好看看月亮。但是因为月光太亮了，我不敢打开窗户。还有一次，就在五个月以前的一个晚上，我碰巧在