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职称英语习题第一套

第一套

Part I Reading Comprehension

Directions: There are 4 passages in this section. Each followed by some questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice.

Passage 1

It was June 15, and in two days I would be turning thirty. I was insecure about entering a new decade of my life and feared that my best years were now behind me.

My daily routine included going to the gym for a workout before going to work. Every morning I would see my friend Nicholas at the gym. He was seventy-nine years old and in terrific shape. As I greeted Nicholas on this particular day, he noticed I wasn't full of my usual vitality and asked if there was anything wrong. I told him I was feeling anxious about turning thirty. I wondered how I would look back on my life once I reached Nicholas's age, so I asked him, "What was the best time of your life?"

Without hesitation, Nicholas replied, "Well, Joe, this is my philosophical answer to your philosophical question:

"When I was a child in Austria and everything was taken care of for me and I was nurtured by my parents, that was the best time of my life.

"When I was going to school and learning the things I know today, that was the best time of my life.

"When I got my first job and had responsibilities and got paid for my efforts that was the best time of my life.

"When I met my wife and fell in love, that was the best time of my life.

"The Second World War came, and my wife and I had to flee Austria to save our lives. When we were together and safe on a ship bound for North America that was the best time of my life.

"When we came to Canada and started a family, that was the best time of my life.

"When I was a young father, watching my children grow up, that was the best time of my life.

"And now, Joe, I am seventy-nine years old. I have my health, I feel good and I am in love with my wife just as I was when we first met. This is the best time of my life."

1. What age was Joe approaching?

A. 15.

B. 28.

C. 30.

D. 79.

2. What does Joe do every morning before going to work?

A.Physical training in the gym.

B.Visiting a friend in hospital.

C.Getting some medical treatment.

D.Taking care of his pets.

3. How does the author feel about turning thirty?

A.Grateful.

B.Terrific.

C.Insecure.

D.Confused.

4. Where did Nicholas flee to during the Second World War?

A.Austria

B.Canada

C.South America

D.North Europe

5. What did Nicholas want to tell Joe?

A.All's well that cuds well.

B.Health means happiness.

C. Every dog has its day.

D. The best time never leaves you.

Passage 2

April 15th is tax day for Americans. It is the last day to pay federal income taxes for the previous year. Most taxpayers have enough income tax collected all year long through their employer, so they do not owe any more. In fact, most get some money back.

There are different ways for people to reduce their income taxes. Homeowners, for example, can deduct the interest they pay on a home loan. And there are tax credits, including credits for children.

Income tax rates increase as income increases. People who earned more than $319 thousand last year had the highest rate, 35 percent.

The Constitution gives Congress the power to establish federal taxes. State and local governments can also tax. But the idea of national taxes took time to develop.

In 1791, Congress approved a tax on whiskey and other alcoholic drinks. Farmers in western Pennsylvania who produced alcohol refused to pay. They attacked officials and burned the home of a tax collector.

George Washington, America's first president, gathered troops. The soldiers defeated the so-called Whiskey Rebellion of 1794. It was one of the first times the government used its powers to enforce a federal law within a state.

At first, the government of the United States collected most of its money through tariffs. These are taxes on trade. Then, in the late 1800s, Congress began to tax the money that people earned in their jobs.

The Supreme Court originally rejected the personal income tax as unconstitutional, so the states changed the Constitution. In 1913 they passed the Sixteenth Amendment. It gives Congress the power to collect taxes on income.

In 2003, personal income tax provided the government with 37 percent of its money. Income tax on businesses provided six percent.

Other taxes provided an additional 40 percent of the budget. And the remaining 17 percent of federal income was money borrowed to cover the deficit.

American tax laws are very complex. The Internal Revenue Service collects federal taxes. The I.R.S. estimates that taxpayers need an average of 13 hours and 35 minutes in preparation time. That is just to complete the basic tax form, which is why a lot of people use tax preparers to do it for them.

6. On April 15th, people have to pay __________ for the previous year.

A.taxes on whisky

B.all the taxes

C.federal income taxes

D.taxes on trade

7. The Congress was given the power to collect income taxes in _____________ .

A. 1791

B. 1913

C. 1800s

D. 2003

8. It can be inferred from the passage that the Sixteenth Amendment concerns ______________.

A.collecting taxes on alcohol production

B.collecting personal income taxes

C.increasing income taxes on business

D.reducing income tax rates

9. In 2003, how much federal income was provided by the personal income tax?

A.37%

B. 40%

C. 43%

D. 83%

10. According to the passage why do most American taxpayers ask tax preparers to deal with taxes?

A. Because tax payment is a lengthy and complex process.

B. Because taxpayers want to enjoy some tax credits.

C.Because taxpayers know nothing about the complex tax laws.

D.Because tax preparers are more professional in dealing with taxes.

Passage 3

Normally a student must attend a certain number of courses in order to graduate, and each course which he attends gives him a credit which he may count towards a degree.

In many American universities the total work for a degree consists of thirty-six courses, each lasting for one semester. A typical course consists of three classes per week for Fifteen weeks. While attending a university a student will probably attend four or five courses during each semester. Normally a student would expect to take four years attending two semesters each year, ft is possible to spread the period of work for the degree over a longer period. It is also possible for a student to move between one university and another during his degree course, though this is not in fact done as a regular practice.

For every course that he follows a student is given a grade, which is recorded, and the record is available for the student to show to prospective employers. All this imposes pressure from the strain of work, but in spite of this some students still find time for great activity in student affairs. Elections to positions in student organizations arouse much enthusiasm. The effective work of maintaining discipline is usually performed by students who advise the academic authorities. Any student who is thought to have broken the rules, for example by cheating, has to appear before a student court. With the enormous numbers of students, the operation of the system does involve a certain amount of activity. A student who has held one of these positions of authority is much respected and it will be of benefit to him or her later in his or her career.

11. Normally a student would at least attend ______________classes each week.

A. 10

B. 12

C. 15

D. 20

12. According to the first paragraph an American student is allowed ___________ _.

A.to live in a different university

B.to take a particular course in a different university

C.to live at home and drive to classes

D.to get two degrees from two different universities

13. American university students are usually under pressure of work because __________ .

A.their academic performance will affect their future careers

B.they are heavily involved in student affairs

C.they have to observe university discipline

D.they want to run for positions of authority in student organizations

14.Some students arc enthusiastic for positions in student organizations probably because_

A. they hate the constant pressure and strain of their study

B. they will then be able to stay longer in the university

C. such positions help them get better jobs

D. such positions are usually well paid

15. The student organizations seem to be effective in _______________________

A)dealing with the academic affairs of the university

B)ensuring that the students observe university regulations

C)evaluating students, performance by bringing them before a court

D)keeping up the students, enthusiasm for social activities

Passage 4

College bongs together people from all walks of life. There are so many different types of people in the world but if you go to a college campus, you are sure to find at least one of every kind. The great part about being here with so many different people is that you get to interact with some interesting characters and see how to deal with them. Y ou w ill meet the people you dread the most, the smart-ass, the brain, or the unique spirit, but no matter who it is that is your worst nightmare to be around you will always be paired up with them in a group project. When you gel into the real world you are not going to be able to pick your boss or coworkers. Interacting with these people in college and living with different roommates will help you learn how to cooperate with the people in life you find so unpleasant. College life is fun. The fact that I have been here for a short time just means it has not yet been a life changing experience to me. If I were to give any tips on how to survive, it would not be how to survive college, but how to survive life. I would have to say that one should be outgoing and live life to the fullest Meet new people whenever you can because they just may be a major influence in your life. Also, get your work done before you go out and party. Lastly. I would have to say. in life if you ever feel lost or alone, talk to someone about it Everyone gets depressed at times in their life and there is always someone who will listen to your problems.

16. What is the theme of the passage?

A. Relationships in college.

B. Homework in college.

C. Freedom in college.

D. Partying in college.

17.What does the author say about group projects?

A. They are always unpleasant.

B. They are always difficult.

C. Partners may not cooperate.

D. Partners may be lazy.

18.Why does the author recommend meeting many new people?

A. They may become your best friends.

B. They may influence your life.

C. They may help you someday.

D. They make your life more fun.

19. How would you describe the author's personality?

A. Shy and under-confident.

B. Strong but quiet.

C. Extremely pessimistic.

D. Optimistic and outgoing.

20. What does the author say to do if you’re depressed?

A. Go somewhere by yourself.

B. Talk to someone about it.

C. Try to forget about it.

D. See a psychologist immediately.

Part II V ocabulary and Structure

Directions: There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence.

1. He looked out of the window, _________the landscape of the countryside.

A. obscuring

B. broadening

C. surveying

D. impressing

2.The speech is scheduled at 3 o'clock this afternoon. The students are __________the assembly

hall now.

A. filing into

B. jumping

C. enter

D. come into

3.His father was quite stubborn and it was almost impossible to __________ him of his

mistakes.

A. prevent

B. prohibit

C. convince

D. persuade

4._________ houses for a few weeks is a good way of having a holiday.

A. Exploring

B. Extending

C. Exchanging

D. Registering

5.All the materials collected for the research project on pollution are ___________ to all the

seniors at this college.

A. explored

B. available

C. registered

D. exchanged

6.In no ____________ can the students hand in their assignments via e-mail after Friday.

A. comment

B. circumstance

C. impact

D. note

https://www.doczj.com/doc/b59637463.html,nguage is the medium of ________, and when we learn a foreign language, we are exposed

to a culture quite different from ours.

A. behavior

B. secure

C. application

D. culture

8.He ______________ himself very quickly to changes in culture when he came to the country.

A. has handled

B. had relieved

C. has adjusted

D. had relaxed

9.The Channel Tunnel is one of the biggest engineering projects ever ___________.

A. participated

B. undertaken

C. intended

D. recommended

10.In __________, we all hoped that more activities like this could be organized.

A. conclusion

B. word

C. addition

D. authority

11.I’d ________ it if you would turn the radio down.

A. concern

B. appreciate

C. amuse

D. amaze

12.The engine failed and the pilot had to ________ the plane ________ in the sea.

A. put ... down

B. hang… up

C. end… up

D. now …that

13.His nationality isn’t __________ to whether or not he’s a good lawyer.

A. efficient

B. effective

C. relevant

D. virtually

14.Your advice is exceedingly ________ to me in my research.

A. massive

B. contribution

C. valuable

D. revel

15.I took careful notes which later ________ in the exam.

A. makes me happy

B. caused me in trouble

C. had me in a good shape

D. stood me in good stead

16.He did not have the __________ to start his own business.

A. initiative

B. essential

C. talent

D. obvious

17.The first-aid instructor the correct way to bandage a wound.

A. plugged

B. constituted

C. remedied

D. demonstrated

https://www.doczj.com/doc/b59637463.html,lions of people visit websites daily, ________ the cyberspace to communicate.

A. make use of

B. convert

C. purchasing

D. utilizing

19.______ to the best students to come forward, the teacher introduced them to the dean.

A. Recalling

B. Occasionally

C. Motioning

D. Inclining

20.Did he eventually__________ finding a new apartment closer to the campus?

A. try to

B. succeed in

C. manage to

D. fail to

21.________I forget, please remind me of my promise to attend your graduation ceremony.

A. In addition

B. In order that

C. In case

D. In order to

22.The traditional approach ____ with complex problems is to break them down into smaller,

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