中考英语词形变换（M~P）
1. main adj.主要的
mainly adv. 主要地，大部分
2. manage v. 管理, 经营, 设法完成management n. 管理, 经营
manager n. 经理
3. mean v. 意义，意思是
means n. 方式
meaning n. 意思
meaningful adj. 有意义的
4. medical adj. 医学上的
medicine n. 医药
5. mistake n. 错误，弄错
mistaken adj. 错误的
6. mix v. 混合，搅和
mixture n. 混合物
7. mountain n. 山
mountainous adj. 多山的
8.move v. 移动，搬走
moving adj. 感人的
初中英语词性转换 1.v-n 1.clean— 2. cook— 3. dance-- 4. drive— 5. jump-- 6. lead— 7. own-- 8. play— 9.read-- 10.run— 11.sell-- 12.sing— 13.speak-- 14.swim— 15.teach-- 16.travel—17.wait-- 18.wash— 19.win-- 20.work— 21.write-- 22.act— 23.direct-- 24.invent—25.visit-- 26.act— https://www.doczj.com/doc/9911778435.html,municate-- 28.introduce—29.produce—30.pronounce—31.suggest-- 32.agree—33.develop-- 34.discuss—35.decide-- 37.begin—38.breathe-- 39.build—40.cross-- 41.feel—
42.mean-- 43.meet— 45.park-- 46.shop— 47.skate-- 48.train— 49.turn-- 50.turn— 51.advise-- 52.enter—53.serve-- 54.know—55.live-- 56.die—57.succeed-- 58.discover—59.please-- 60. sit—61.thank-- 62.marry—63.weigh— 2.v-adj 1.close-- 2. excite— 3. interest-- 4. follow— 5. miss-- 6.please— 7.surprise-- 8.relax— https://www.doczj.com/doc/9911778435.html,e-- 10.sleep-- 11.worry—12.wake-- 13.die—14.worry-- 15.wake—16.break-- 17.enjoy—18.lose—
英语单词词性转换 一、动词(v.)→名词(n.) 1、词尾加上-er或-or之后就变成了表示"某一类人"的名词 例如:work—worker, teach—teacher, sing—singer, jump—jumper, play—player, learn—learner, visit—visitor, invent—inventor,collect—collector等. 注意:1)以不发音的e结尾的动词,在词尾加-r. 例如:drive—driver, write—writer等. 2)以辅音字母开头并以元音字母加辅音字母结尾的单词，应双写末尾的辅音字母再加er。例如：run—runner, win—winner,begin—beginner等. 2.在动词词尾加上-ment 变成名词 例如:achieve—achievement (成就) advertise—advertisement//advertising(广告) agree—agreement disagree—disagreement amuse—amusement (娱乐) improve—improvement(争吵) commit(奉献)—commitment develop—development (发展) 有些单词比较特殊,需把动词后的e去掉再加ment. 例如:argue—argument(争论) 3.在动词词尾加上-(t)ion/(s)ion变成名词 例如: attract—attraction; instruct—instruction; invent—invention discuss—discussion; express—expression educate—education; graduate—graduation; operate—operation (去e再加"ion") compete—competition; organize—organization (把e改成其他字母再加"tion")
中考英语常用词性转换 1．able a. 能够，有能力的ability n..能力，才能 2. act v. 扮演 n..表演active a.积极地，主动地 activity n. 活动 actor n.男 演actress n. 女演员 3．add a. 加上addition n. 加 4.age n.时代，年龄aged a.有…….之年岁的 5.America n.美国American a.美国的，美国人 6.air n.空气air-conditioner n.空调 airline n.航线 7．angry a.生气的angrily adv.生气地 8.any a..一些，什么，任何的，任意的anybody/anyone pron.任何人 anything pron.任何事anywhere adv.任何地方 9.art n,艺术article n.文章 artist n,艺术家 10.attract v. 吸引attraction n.吸引，吸引力，吸引物attractive a..有吸引力的 11.Austraila n.澳大利亚Australian a.澳大利亚的 n.澳大利亚人 12.beautiful a.美丽的beautifully adv.优美的 13.begin(began-begun) v.开始beginning n.开始 14.bright a.明亮的brightly adv.明亮地 15.Britain n.不列颠British n.英国人 a.英国的 16. build(built-built) v.建造building n.建筑物 17.busy a.忙碌的business n.商业 businessman n..商人 businesswoman n.女商人 18.Cananda n.加拿大Canadian n.加拿大 a.加拿大的 19.care n& v. 小心careful a.小心的carefully adv.小心地 20.certain a..一定的certainly adv.一定 21.change n.变幻，找头，零钱 v.改变，更改，兑零钱changeable a.易变的 exchange v.交换 22．chemistry n.化学chemical a.化学的 n.化学物质 23.China n.中国Chinese a.中国的 n.中国人，汉语 24.choose(chose-chosen) v.选择choice n..选择 25.city n.城市citizen n.市民 26.class n.班级classmate n.同学 classroom n..教室 27.clean v.打扫 a. 干净的clear a.清晰的 v. 清除clearly adv.清晰地 28.cloud n.云cloudy a.多云 29.collect v.收集collection n.收集 https://www.doczj.com/doc/9911778435.html,pete v.比较competition n.竞赛 31.custom n.习惯，习俗customer n.顾客
人教部编版初中英语中考词性转换归纳总结 动词变名词 1.v+ ment 结尾 achieve --- achievement 成就 advertise --- advertisement 广告 agree --- agreement 同意 apartment 公寓 amusement 娱乐 argue --- argument 争吵 commit --- commitment 奉献 compliment 称赞，恭维 develop --- development 发展 disgree --- disagreement 不赞同 department 局，部 experiment 实验，试验 equip 装备--- equipment 装备，器材 govern 统治--- government 政府 manage---management 经营管理 2．V+ tion 结尾 admit --- admission 承认
attract --- attraction 吸引 conclude --- conclusion 结论compete --- competition 竞争，比赛discuss --- discussion 讨论 educate --- education 教育 decide --- decision 决定 describe --- description描写，描绘express ----expression 词语；表达graduate --- graduation 毕业 operate --- operation 操作，动手术organize ---organization imagine --- imagination 想象力introduce ---introduction 介绍 instruct --- instruction 指导，介绍invent--- inventor / invention 发明illustrate --- illustration 阐明，举例说明invite --- invitation 邀请 inspire---inspiration 灵感，鼓舞人心的pollute --- pollution 污染 predict ---prediction 预言 pronounce ---pronunciation resolve --- resolution 决心
高中英语各类词形变化规则 基础知识积累（二） 一、动词 1. 动词过去式和过去分词 1）. 一般在动词原形后加-ed look --- looked; need--- needed 2）. 以-e结尾的动词加-d move --- moved 3）. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，变y为i，再加-ed carry --- carried; study--- studied；以元音字母加y结尾的词，直接加-ed stay--- stayed; destroy---destroyed 4）.以重读闭音节结尾的单词，双写最后的辅音字母，再加-ed. stop--- stopped; regret --- regretted 知识链接：重读闭音节三要素 （1）一个元音字母后跟一个或几个辅音字母，必须是重读音节; （例如prohibit这个词，重读音节在-hi,而不在-bit，就不要双写t. prohibit---prohibited） （2）以一个辅音音素结尾；(例如fix,结尾的辅音音素为两个：/ks/, 就不要双写x, fix---fixed; grow 结尾为双元音/?u/,也不要双写w. （3）元音字母发短元音。[?] [e] [i] [?] [?] 5）. 以-r音节（重读）结尾的词，双写r字母，再加-ed. refer ---referred; prefer --- preferred ;如果-r音节不重读，则不用双写：offer---offered 6). 以-l结尾的动词，如果是重读闭音节，双写l, 再加-ed, 例如：control---controlled; 如果不重读，双写不双写l均可，例如travel---travelled/ traveled; quarrel---quarrelled / quarreled 2. 动词-ing变化规则 1). 一般情况下，直接在动词后加－ing work --- working; sleep --- sleeping; study--- studying 2). 动词以不发音的－e结尾，要去－e加－ing take --- taking; make ---making; dance --- dancing 3). 重读闭音节的动词，要双写词尾字母，再加－ing cut--- cutting；put ---- putting; begin ---- beginning 4). 以－ie结尾的动词，把变成y再加－ing lie ---- lying ; tie ---- tying; die ---- dying 5). 以-l结尾的动词，如果是重读闭音节，双写l, 再加-ing, 例如：control---controlling; 如果不重读，双写不双写l均可，例如travel---travelling/ traveling; quarrel---quarrelling / quarreling (注意：辅音之后y变i, 现在分词是例外。) 3. 动词第三人称单数的变化规则： 1) 一般情况下，词尾加s，如；like----likes, want----wants. 2) 以s, x, ch, sh, o结尾的加es，如，watch---watches, go---goes 3) 以y结尾的归两大类：元音字母+y要加s，如play----plays ；辅音字母+y要变y为i+es 如study---studies 二、名词 1. 规则的可数名词的复数变化： 1）.一般情况加s ：book-- books mouth---mouths house---houses girl---girls 2）.以s 、sh 、ch 、x结尾的加es ：class--- classes box----boxes match----matches 注意：(1) 以-th结尾的名词直接加-s如：mouth—mouths path—paths ; month—months, ninth—ninths, youth—youths. (2) stomach---stomachs (ch发/k/) 3）.辅音字母+ y结尾的变y为i加es：city---cities country----countries party----parties factory----factories 4）.以o 结尾的词+es的只有以下词：heroes Negroes；tomatoes；potatoes（黑人英雄喜欢吃土豆和番茄） 以o 结尾并且词尾有两个元音字母+s radios, zoos, bamboos ,studios, 还有pianos ,kilos，photos 还有一些两种变化均可：zeroes/ zeros; mosquitoes/ mosquitos; volcanoes/ volcanos; mottoes/ mottos 5) .以f，fe 结尾的变f或fe为v +es ：thief wife life knife wolf half leaf shelf ,self（口诀：妻子拿刀去宰狼，小偷吓得心发慌，躲在架后保己命，半片树叶遮目光）注意：直接加-s的有：belief---beliefs, chief---chiefs, grief---griefs(悲伤的事), cliff---cliffs, roof---roofs, safe---safes 两种变化都可以的有：handkerchief---handkerchiefs/ handkerchieves; scarf; hoof; dwarf 2. 不规则的变化 1）.man—men, woman—women, tooth—teeth, foot—feet, goose—geese , child—children, mouse—mice, phenomenon---phenomena, crisis---crises; criterion---criteria 2).单复数相同: sheep, deer, fish, Chinese, Japanese , Swiss, craft, means, series, species 3).以man, woman 修饰名词构成合成词时,两个词都变化. a man servant—three men servants 但boy与girl不要变化a girl student---three girl students 4) 合成词的单数变复数，一般在词尾加-s/-es，如有名词作为中心词，则加在该名词后。如：grown-up---grown-ups; passer-by---passers-by; mother-in-law---mothers-in-law 三、形容词和副词 1. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级变化规则 1) ．一般单音节词和少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节词，比较级在后面加-er，最高级在后面加-est； (1)单音节词如：small→smaller→smallest ；short→shorter→shortest ;tall→ taller→ tallest ; great→greater→ greatest （2）双音节词如：clever→cleverer→ cleverest ; narrow→narrower→ narrowest 2)．以不发音e结尾的单音节词，比较在原级后加-r，最高级在原级后加-st；如：large→larger→largest; nice→nicer→ nicest; able →abler→ ablest 3) ．在重读闭音节（即：辅音＋元音＋辅音）中，先双写末尾的辅音字母，比较级加-er，最高级加-est； 如：big→ bigger → biggest; hot→hotter→ hottest; fat→fatter→ fattest 4)．以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的双音节词，把y改为i，比较级加-er，最高级加-est；如：easy→easier→easiest; heavy→heavier→heaviest; busy→busier→busiest; happy→happier→happiest
初中英语常用词型转换 1. work—worker 2. invent—inventor(人--invention(物 3. use—u 4. permit-permission 5. conduct—conductor-conduction 6. care—c 7. play—player8. visit—visitor9. careless 10. conclude-conclusion11. inspect-inspector12. wake--awake/sleep 13. speak--speaker14. piano—pianist15.peace- 16. cook—cook(人—cooker(物17. science—scientist-scientific18. miss— 19. dance—dancer20. art—artist21. fish--f 22. drive-driver-driven23. tour-tourist-tourism24. kind-k 25.act-actor-actress-action-active-activity26. joural-jouralist27. nature--natural 28. manage-manager-management29. library-librarian30. cover-discover 31. foreign-foreigner32. music--musician-musical33. perform-performan 34. suggest-suggestion35. busy-business--businessman36. follow--following 37. invite-invitation38. post-postman/postwoman39. enter- 40. write-writer-written41. sit--seat42. danger--dangerous 43. run-runner/win-winner44. wood-wooden45. serve- 46.solve-solution47. lose--lost48. pride-
初中常见词形变化表 able—unable achieve----achievement act—actor—actress—active adjust---- adjustable advantage—disadvantage agree—disagree alone—lonely America—American annoy—annoyed—annoying Asia—Asian athlete—athletic Australia—Australian balance—balanced beauty---beautiful Brazil---Brazilian bright—brightly build---building Canada—Canadian casual—casually center---central change—exchange--chance chemistry—chemist china—Chinese choose—choice clear---clearly collect—collection—collector communicate—communication confident---confidence courage—encourage create---creative crowd---crowded danger—dangerous decide---decision describe---description die---dead---death difference—different—differently disagree---disagreement disappoint—disappointed —disappointing donate—donation easy—easily educate—education—educational Egypt--- Egyptian engine—engineer enter---entrance Europe--- European excite—excited—exciting fail---failure fair—unfair familiar—unfamiliar final—finally fly—flight follow—following foreign—foreigner forget—forgetful fortunate---fortunately France—French friend—friendship frustrate—frustrating—frustrated fur—furry Germany—German golf—golfer Greece--- Greek gym--- gymnast head—headache health—healthy—unhealthy honest—dishonest ill—illness important—importance —unimportant include—including India—Indian interest—interested—interesting interview—interviewer invite—invitation Italy—Italian knowledge—knowledgeable lead—leader live--alive loud—loudly—aloud love—loving luck—lucky—luckily—unlucky mean—meaning—means memorize—memory—memorable
模块十五：词性转换 一、出题方向 1.出题量最大，也是最难把握的方向——同词根不同词类之间的相互转换 常考的相互转换词类有四种：名词、动词、形容词、副词 名词→动词、形容词动词、形容词→名词 动词→形容词形容词→动词 形容词→副词副词→形容词 做这样的转换需要平时大量的积累，建立词根词缀的概念，多掌握常用的词缀，灵活变通 2.最基本题型，必考方向——名词、代词、数词 名词考察方向：1. 复数 代词考察方向：1. 宾格2. 形容词性、名词性物主代词转换3. 反身代词可能出现数词考察方向：1. 基数词、序数词的拼写与互换 2. 分数可能出现 3.简单题型，多练即可把握——比较级最高级 需要掌握：1. 比较级和最高级的变化方式 2. 比较级和最高级的辨识关键词 4.较难题型，多次转换，反义理解 有时候词类之间需要越级变换，要仔细斟酌词类间的修饰关系，确保答案的正确性较难题目不仅会越级变换，还需要添加反义，这需要更耐心细致地解题，分析题意 二、解题技巧 1.形容词修饰名词、代词性成分；部分名词也可以修饰名词
2.动词、形容词、副词需要副词修饰，副词也可以修饰整句话 3.系动词后一般使用形容词，连系动词后尤其需要注意添加形容词，这点易和实义动 词用副词修饰混淆 4.扎实掌握名词、代词、数词的基本知识 5.注意做完需要通读一下，检查反义及动词的时态语态问题 三、词性转换表
n.. , , v. . , , , . v. n. , , ,
, , , , , , , , , , , , 【基础题】
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高中英语必修1-5词形变化 Unit1 1. concern(v) ____ (adj) 关心的,有关的 2. entire (adj) (adv)完全地 3 suffer(v) (n)痛苦，苦难 4.dust(n.)____________(adj.)积满灰尘的 5.like(v.)_____________(opp.)不喜欢，讨厌 6.lonely(adj)____________(n.)孤独 7.agree(v.)______________(v.)不同意 8.settle(v.)___________(n.)定居者 __________ (n.) 定居 9.recover(v.)_______________(n.)恢复，复原 10.power(n.)_________________(adj.)强大的 11.advice (n.) ______________ (vt.) 建议，劝告 https://www.doczj.com/doc/9911778435.html,municate (v) ___________________ (n) 交际，沟通 13.ignore (vt.) 忽视 ______________ (n) 无知 14. nature (n.) 自然______________ (adj.) 自然的 Unit2 1.actual (adj.)___________(adv.)实际上，事实上
https://www.doczj.com/doc/9911778435.html,ern（n.）___________(n.)政府 3.official (adj.)____________(n.)官员 4.gradual (adj.)____________(adv.)逐渐地，逐步地 5.spell (v.)______________(n.)拼写,写法 https://www.doczj.com/doc/9911778435.html,te（adj.）_____________(adv.)后来____________（adj.）较后的 7.fluent（adj.）____________(adv.)流利的，流畅的 https://www.doczj.com/doc/9911778435.html,e（adj.）_____________(n.)使用，用法 9.express（v.）____________(n.)表达，词语 10.rich（adj.）_____________(vt.)充实，使富裕 11. nation (n) ________________ (adj.) 国家的 12. culture (n.) ________________ (adj.) 文化的 13. polite (adj.) _________________ (adv.) __________________ (opp.) 不文明的 14. govern (vt.) ________________ (n.) 政府 Unit3 1、journal（n.）___________（n.）记者 2、determine（v.）____________（n.）决心
英语单词词性转换的基本规律 (1.动词(v.)→名词(n.) (a)词形不变,词性改变 例如:work, study, water, plant等可以用作动词(工作,学习,浇水,种植),也可以用作名词(工作,学习,水,植物). (b)一些动词在词尾加上-er或-or之后就变成了表示"某一类人"的名词 例如:work—worker, teach—teacher, sing—singer, jump—jumper, play—player, learn—learner, visit—visitor, invent—inventor, collect—collector等. 注意:1)以不发音的e结尾的动词,在词尾加-r. 例如:drive—driver, write—writer等. 2)以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-er 例如：run—runner, win—winner, begin—beginner等. (c)在动词词尾加上-ment 变成名词 例如:achieve—achievement (成就) advertise—advertisement//advertising(广告) agree—agreement disgree—disagreement amuse—amusement (娱乐) improve—improvement(争吵) commit(奉献)—commitment develop—development (发展) depart—department (局,部) govern(统治)—government(政府) manage—management (管理) equip—equipment (装备) 有些单词比较特殊,需把动词后的e去掉再加ment. 例如:argue—argument(争论)
初中英语词性转换归纳 1 动词变名词 1.v+ ment 结尾 achieve --- achievement 成就advertise --- advertisement 广告agree --- agreement 同意 apartment 公寓 amusement 娱乐 argue --- argument 争吵 commit --- commitment 奉献compliment 称赞，恭维 develop --- development 发展disgree --- disagreement 不赞同department 局，部 experiment 实验，试验 equip 装备--- equipment 装备，器材govern 统治--- government 政府manage---management 经营管理2．V+ tion 结尾 admit --- admission 承认 attract --- attraction 吸引conclude --- conclusion 结论compete --- competition 竞争，比赛discuss --- discussion 讨论 educate --- education 教育 decide --- decision 决定 describe --- deion描写，描绘express ----expression 词语；表达graduate --- graduation 毕业 operate --- operation 操作，动手术organize ---organization imagine --- imagination 想象力introduce ---introduction 介绍 instruct --- instruction 指导，介绍invent--- inventor / invention 发明illustrate --- illustration 阐明，举例说明invite --- invitation 邀请 inspire---inspiration 灵感，鼓舞人心的pollute --- pollution 污染 predict ---prediction 预言 pronounce ---pronunciation resolve --- resolution 决心 impress --- impression 印象 permit --- permission 允许
英语单词部分变化规则 一、名词复数变化规则 1．一般情况下，直接加-s。如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es。如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es。如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries 4．以“f”或“fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es。如：knife-knives 5．不规则名词复数： man-men,woman-women,child-childrenfoot-feet,tooth-teeth 二．动词第三人称单数变化规则 1．一般情况下，直接加-s。如：cook-cooks, milk-milks 2．以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es。如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches 3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es。如：study-studies 三．动词现在进行式变化规则 1．一般情况下，直接加-ing。如：cook-cooking 2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加-ing。如：make-making, taste-tasting 3．重读闭音节结尾有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing。如：run-running, stop-stopping 4．以ie 结尾,把ie 变为y 再加-ing ,如 lie–lying，die-dying 四．动词过去式变化规则 1．一般在动词末尾加-ed。如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked 2．结尾是e加-d。如：taste-tasted 3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stop-stopped 4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed。如：study-studied 5. 以t结尾的词,过去式与原形相同。如：put-put, let-let, cut-cut, beat-beat 6. 以d结尾的词,把d变成t。如:build—built, lend—lent, send—sent, spend—spent 7. 以n结尾的词,在词后加-t。如：mean—meant, burn—burnt, learn—learnt 8 以ow / aw结尾的词,把ow / aw变成ew。如：blow—blew, draw—drew, know—knew, grow—grew 9. 含有双写字母的词,将双写改为单写,在词尾加-t。如：keep—kept, sleep—slept, feel—felt, smell—smelt 10. 含有元音字母o / i的词,将o / i变成a。如：sing—sang, give—gave, sit—sat, drink—drank 五．形容词比较级和最高级的变化规则
名师辅导小班教学严格管理快速提分一、动词ing形式 动词现在分词由动词原形在词尾加ing构成，其规则如下： 1）一般情况下直接加ing think---thinking sleep---sleeping study---studying speak---speaking carry---carrying say---saying 2）以不发音的字母e结尾的单词，去掉字母e，再加ing wake---waking make---making come---coming take---taking leave---leaving have---having 3）以重读闭音节结尾，呈现“辅，元，辅”结构的动词，先双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing 。初中学过的这类词有：begin，cut, get, hit, run, set, sit, spit, stop, swim, beg, drop, fit, nod, dig, forget, regret, rid, 等。(visit 不是以重读闭音节结尾，不用双写) travel虽然重读第一音节，词尾音节不重读，但是现在分词仍要双写末尾辅音字母，然后再加ing ，如：travel---travelling. 中小学阶段此类词只有这一个。 4）以y 结尾的动词直接加ing carry——carrying enjoy——enjoying 5）以ie结尾的动词，把ie改为y ，再加ing die---dying lie---lying 二、动词单三形式的构成规则： ①一般动词在词尾加-s； ②以字母s,x,z,ch,sh结尾的，以及O结尾动词加-es； guess / guesses, mix / mixes, go / goes, buzz / buzzes, finish / finishes, catch / catches等。 ③以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先变y为i，再加-es。 fly / flies, study / studies ④have的单三形式has 三、名词变复数规则 1、直接加-s. 如：tree-trees树, desk-desks桌card-cards, parent-parents, 2、以s,x, ch, sh 结尾的加es. 如：bus-buses, box-boxes, watch-watches 手表, brush-brushes 刷子, glass-glasses.brush- brushes，match-matches 3、以辅音字母+ y结尾的，改y为i再加es. 如：country-countries 国家、乡村, city-cities 城市, baby-babies, family-families, bobby-bobbies 以元音字母+y结尾的，直接加s：boy-boys, monkey-monkeys, toy-toys, play-plays(剧本) 4、以f或者fe 结尾的词，改f为v,再加es. 如：knife-knives刀, leaf-leaves 树叶, wife 妻子-wives. half→halves knife→knives leaf→leaves wolf→wolves wife→wives life→lives 5、以O结尾的单词,有生命的+-es,无生命+s. 如：Hero-heroes 英雄, Negro-negroes 黑人, potato-potatoes 土豆, tomato-tomatoes 西红柿 6、单复同行如fish sheep deer people C hinese Japanese swiss 7、不规则变化如man men foot feet tooth teeth mouse mice child children ox oxen 1
英语单词词性转变的一般规律 1.动词(v.)→名词(n.) (a)词形不变,词性改变 例如:work, study, water, plant等可以用作动词(工作,学习,浇水,种植),也可以用作名词(工作,学习,水,植物). (b)一些动词在词尾加上-er或-or之后就变成了表示"某一类人"的名词 例如:work—worker, teach—teacher, sing—singer, jump—jumper, play—player, learn—learner, visit—visitor, invent—inventor, collect—collector等. 注意:1)以不发音的e结尾的动词,在词尾加-r. 例如:drive—driver, write—writer等. 2)以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-er 例如：run—runner, win—winner, begin—beginner等. (c)在动词词尾加上-ment 变成名词 例如:achieve—achievement (成就) advertise—advertisement//advertising(广告) agree—agreement disagree—disagreement amuse—amusement (娱乐) improve—improvement(争吵) commit(奉献)—commitment develop—development (发展) depart离开；出发，起程；违反；去世—department (局,部) govern(统治)—government(政府) manage—management (管理) equip—equipment (装备) 有些单词比较特殊,需把动词后的e去掉再加ment. 例如:argue—argument(争论) (d)在动词词尾加上-(t)ion/(s)ion变成名词 例如: attract—attraction; instruct—instruction; invent—invention discuss—discussion; express—expression educate—education; graduate—graduation; operate—operation (去e再加"ion") compete—competition; organize—organization (把e改成其他字母再加"tion") decide—decision conclude—conclusion (把de改为s再加"ion") describe—description描写,描绘 (这是特例,不规则变化) (e)在动词词尾加上-ance变成名词 例如: appear—appearance (外貌;出现) perform—performance (演出) accept—acceptance (接受) (f)在动词词尾加-ing变成名词 (方法与动词变为现在分词的方法相同) 例如:meet—meeting build—building wait—waiting bathe—bathing say—saying(谚语) mean—meaning