化工化学类专业英语

化工专业英语Volatile:挥发性的 Semipermeable membrane:半透膜 immiscible：不相混的 Debit:把….记入借方 Credit:记入贷方Electrical potential:电势 Leaching:浸提 Extraction：萃取 Direct current:直流 Instantaneous:瞬间的 Successive：连续的 Collision：碰撞 Impeller：叶轮 Wavelet analysis:微元分析 Entrainment：夹带 Breakage：破坏Attrition：磨损 Indispensable：不可缺少的 Trajectory:轨道 Acrylic：丙烯酸 Baffle：挡板 Ruffle：滋扰 Discharge:释放 circulation flow:环流attrition：磨损 nucleation：成核 Catalytic：催化 frequency：频率shutter：快门 inertia：惯性 Pitched：倾斜的 histogram：柱状图breakdown：破坏 Unit 14 Distillation Dumped or ordered packings:乱堆或整齐堆放填料 Plate:板 Tray:塔盘 Hold-down and support plates:固定和支撑板 Fraction:馏分 Cascading:成瀑布落下，分多级进行 Reboiler：再沸器Overhead condenser: 塔顶冷凝器 Reflux:回流 Distillate：馏出物Countercurrent:逆流 Relative volatility：相对挥发度 Rectifying section:精馏段 Stripping section:提留段 Sidestream：侧线馏分 Circumvent:回避Hypothetical:假设的 Equilibrium-stage：平衡级（理论板） Tray efficiency:塔板效率 The number of hypothetical equilibrium stages required is then converted to a number actual trays by means of tray efficiencies, which describe the extent to which the performance of actual contact tray duplicates the performance of an equilibrium stage 然后理论塔板数通过塔板效率被转换成实际塔板数；塔板效率是实际塔板表现和理论塔板表现的比值。

化学及化工专业英语词汇(G)化学及化工专业英语词汇(G)化学及化工专业英语词汇(G)gabriel synthesis 加布里埃耳合成法gadoleic acid 烯酸gadolinite 硅铍钇矿钕gadolinium 钆gadolinium chloride 氯化钆gadolinium nitrate 硝酸钆gadolinium oxide 氧化钆gage 规gage cock 计量旋塞gage glass 玻璃水位计gage pressure 表压力gage transformation 规范变换galactaric acid 粘酸galactometer 乳比重计galactonic acid 半乳糖酸galactosamine 半乳糖胺galactosazone 半乳糖脎galactose 半乳糖galactoside 半乳糖苷galacturonic acid 半乳糖醛酸galantamine 加兰他敏galbanum 阿魏脂galena 方铅矿gallate 没食子酸盐galleingallic acid 没食子酸gallium 镓gallium hydroxide 氢氧化镓gallium nitrate 硝酸镓gallium sulfate 硫酸镓galvanic cell 伽伐尼电池galvanic corrosion 电化学腐蚀galvanic reaction 电链应galvanic series 电位序galvanized sheet steel 镀锌钢板galvanizer 镀锌器galvanizing 镀锌galvanochemistry 电化学galvanometer 检疗gambir 棕儿茶gamboge 藤黄ganglioside 神经节糖苷ganister 致密硅岩garbage pitch 垃圾沥青garlic oil 大蒜油garnet 石榴石garnierite 硅镁镍矿gas absorption 气体吸收gas absorption operation 气体吸附法gas adsorption 气体吸附gas amplification 气体放大gas analysis 气体分析gas analyzer 气体分析器gas balance 气体天平gas black 气黑gas bubble 气泡gas buret 气体量管gas calorimeter 气体量热器gas carton carbon 气碳gas cell 气光电池gas chromatography 气体色谱法gas coal 气煤gas coke 煤气焦炭gas collector 气体收集器gas cooler 气体冷却器gas cutting 气割gas dehydrator 气体脱水器gas density balance 气体密度天平gas dispersoid 气态分散体gas dynamics 气体动力学gas electrode 气体电极gas filter 气体滤清器gas foaming agent 发泡剂gas furnace 煤气炉gas generator 气体发生器gas hold up 气体滞留量gas holder 储气器气柜gas ion 气体离子gas laser 气体激光gas lift 气举gas lime 煤气石灰gas liquefaction 气体液化gas liquid chromatography 气液色谱法gas liquor 煤气水gas mask 防毒面具gas meter 气量计gas oil 瓦斯油gas permeability 透气性gas phase 气相gas phase crystal growth 气相晶体生长gas phase titration 气相滴定gas pipe 气管gas pipet 验气吸移管gas pump 气泵gas purification coefficiency 气体净化率gas purifier 气体净化器gas thermometer 气体温度计gas treating system 气体处理系统gas turbine 燃气轮机gas washer 气体洗涤器gas washing bottle 洗气瓶gas welding 气焊接gaseous diffusion 气体扩散gaseous discharge 气体放电gaseous film 气膜gaseous fuel 气态燃料gaseous mixture 气体混合物gaseous state 气态gasification 煤气化gasification in place 地下气化gasification of anthracite 无烟煤煤气化gasifier 煤气发生器gasket 垫料gasmetric method 气体定量法gasoline 汽油gasoline piping 汽油导管gasometry 气体定量gassing 通风gastic reactotube 气体检测管gastric enzyme 胃酶gastrin 胃泌激素gastrointestinal hormone ` 胃肠激素gastube boiler 废热锅炉gattermann koch synthesis 伽特曼柯区合成gattermann reaction 伽特曼反应gaussian chain 高斯链gaussian network 高斯网络gauze 纱布gay lussac acid 盖吕萨克酸gay lussac law 盖吕萨克定律gay lussac tower 盖吕萨克塔gaylussite 单斜钠钙石gear pump 齿轮泵geissler tube 盖斯勒管gel 凝胶gel effect 凝胶效应gel electrophoresis 凝胶电泳gel filtration 凝胶过滤gel point 胶凝点gel time 胶凝时间gelatin 煤gelatin dynamite 煤炸药gelatinous precipitate 凝胶状沉淀物gelation 胶凝gelling agent 胶凝剂gelometer 凝胶强度测定计gelometry 凝胶强度测定法gelose 琼脂gelsemine 钩吻碱甲gelseminic acid 钩吻酸gene 基因gene cloning 基因无性繁殖general chemistry 普通化学general formula 通式general theory of relativity 广义相对论generalized momentum 广义动量generating function 母函数generator gas 发生炉煤气geneva nomenclature 日内瓦命名法genom 基因组gentianose 龙胆三糖gentiobiose 龙胆二糖gentisic acid 龙胆酸geochemical 地球化学的geochemical exploration 地球化学勘探geochemical prospecting 地球化学勘探geochemistry 地球化学geometric isomerism 几何异构性georadiochemistry 地球放射化学geranial 香茅醛geraniol 香茅醇geraniol acetate 香茅醇乙酸酯geraniol butyrate 香茅醇丁酸酯geraniol formate 香茅醇甲酸酯geranium oil 老鹳草油germ 微生物germacrane 大根香叶烷german silver 德银germanate 锗酸盐germanium 锗germanium dibromide 二溴化锗germanium dichloride 二氯化锗germanium dioxide 二氧化锗germanium disulfide 二硫化锗germanium hydride 氢化锗germanium monoxide 一氧化锗germanium oxide 氧化锗germanium rectifier 锗整流germanium sulfide 硫化锗germicide 杀菌剂germination 发芽gersdorffite 辉砷镍矿getter 吸气剂giant molecule 大分子giant powder 杰敦炸药giant resonance 巨共振gibberellin 赤霉素gibberic acid 赤霉酸gibbs adsorption equation 吉布斯吸附方程式gibbs duhem equation 吉布斯迪亨方程式gibbs helmholtz equation 吉布斯亥姆霍兹方程式gibbs rule 吉布斯相律gibbsite 水铝矿ginger oil 姜油girard reagent 吉拉德氏试剂gitogenin 吉托吉宁gitonin 吉托宁gitoxin 吉妥辛glacial acetic acid 冰醋酸glandless pump 无压盖泵glaserite 钾芒硝glass 玻璃glass block 玻璃块glass blowing 玻璃吹制glass brick 玻璃砖glass electrode 玻璃电极glass fiber 玻璃纤维glass fiber reinforced plastics 玻璃纤维增强塑料glass filter 玻璃滤器glass lining 搪玻璃glass melting furnace 玻璃熔融炉glass paper 玻璃砂纸glass rod 玻璃棒glass tile 玻璃瓦glass tube 玻璃管glass wool 玻璃棉glassy state 玻璃态glauber's salt 格芳伯氏盐glauberite 钙芒硝glaucine 海罂粟碱glaucodot 钴硫砷铁矿glauconite 海绿石glaze 釉料glazed finish 打光涂饰glazed paper 釉纸glazing 施釉gliadin 醇溶蛋白globin 珠朊globulin 球朊gloss 光泽gloss oil 光泽油glossing 磨光glossmeter 光泽计glossreducing agent 消光剂glossy paper 釉纸glost firing 釉烧glost kiln 釉烧窑glover tower 格洛弗塔glucagon 高血糖素glucan 葡聚糖glucitol 葡糖醇glucochloral 氯醛糖glucomaltase 葡糖麦芽糖酶gluconate 葡糖酸盐gluconic acid 葡糖酸glucoprotein 糖朊glucosamine 葡萄糖胺glucosan 葡萄聚糖glucosazone 葡萄糖脎glucose 葡糖glucoside 糖甙glucosone 葡糖酮醛glucuronic acid 葡萄糖醛酸glue 胶gluon 胶子glutaconic acid 戊烯二酸glutamic acid 谷氨酸glutamine 谷氨酰胺glutaraldehyde 戊二醛glutaric acid 戊二酸glutaric anhydride 戊二酐glutaronitrile 戊二腈glutathione 谷胱甘肽glutelin 谷朊gluten 谷朊glutenin 麦谷蛋白glutin 煤蛋白glycan 多糖glyceraldehyde 甘油醛glyceric acid 甘油酸glyceride 甘油酯glycerin 甘油glycerol 甘油glycerol butyrate 甘油丁酸酯glycerol caprylate 甘油辛酸酯glycerol distearate 甘油二硬脂酸酯glycerol monolaurate 甘油月桂酸酯glycerol monostearate 甘油硬脂酸酯glycerol triacetate 三醋精glycerol trinitrate 甘油三硝酸酯glycerophosphate 甘油磷酸盐glycerophosphoric acid 甘油磷酸glycerose 甘油糖glycide 缩水甘油glycidic acid 缩水甘油酸glycidol 缩水甘油glycine 甘氨酸glycine betaine 甜菜碱glycocholic acid 甘氨胆酸glycogen 糖原glycogenesis 糖原生成glycogenolysis 糖原分解glycol 甘醇glycol distearate 乙二醇二硬脂酸酯glycol salicylate 水杨酸乙二醇酯glycol stearate 硬脂酸乙二醇酯glycolaldehyde 乙醇醛glycolic acid 羟基乙酸glycolic aldehyde 乙醇醛glycolipid 糖脂glycolylurea 海因glycolysis 糖酵解glycolytic pathway 糖酵解途径glycoprotein 糖蛋白glycoseen 反烯糖glycosidase 糖苷酶glycoside 配糖体glycyrrhetinic acid 甘草次酸glyoxal 乙二醛glyoxalase 乙二醛酶glyoxaline 咪唑glyoxime 乙二肟glyoxylate cycle 乙醛酸循环glyoxylic acid 乙醛酸glyphosate 甘草膦glyphosine 甘甘二膦glyptal resin 甘酞尸goat's thorn 黄蓍胶goethite 针铁矿gold 金gold bromide 溴化金gold chloride 氯化金gold compound 金化合物gold cyanide 氰化金gold leaf 金箔gold number 金值gold oxide 氧化金gold plating 镀金gold point 金点gold potassium chloride 氯化金钾gold salt 金盐gold size 镀金粘料gold sodium chloride 氯化金钠gold sulfide 硫化金gold telluride 碲化金gold thioglucose 金硫葡萄糖gold tribromide 三溴化金goldenrod paper 鲜黄色纸gonadotropic hormone 促性腺激素gonadotropin 促性腺激素goniometer 测角仪gooch crucible 古氏坩埚gorgonin 珊硬蛋白gorlic acid 环戊烯十三碳烯酸gossypol 棉子酚gossypose 棉子糖grader 分选机gradient 坡度gradient elution analysis 梯度洗脱分析grading 分类grading analysis 粒度分析graduated cylinder 量筒graduated pipet 莫尔吸量管graft copolymer 接枝共聚物graft copolymerization 接枝共聚合grafting efficiency 接枝效率grain 颗粒grain boundary 晶界grain fineness number 晶粒度graininess 粒状gram 克gram atom 克原子gram equivalent 克当量gram molecular volume 克分子体积gram molecule 克分子gramatom 克原子gramicidin 克杀汀granite 花岗岩granular ash 粒状苏打granular structure 粒状结构granularity 颗粒度granulate 粒化granulated fertilizer 颗粒肥料granulator 成粒机granule 微粒granulometer 粒度计grape sugar 葡萄糖graphic method 图解法graphite 石墨graphite brick 石墨砖graphite carbon 石墨碳graphite compound 石墨化合物graphite cooler 石墨冷却器graphite crucible 石墨坩埚graphitization 石墨化grashof number 格拉肖夫数grate 炉排grate plane 晶格面grating 格子grating constant 光栅常数grating spectrograph 光栅光谱仪gravimetric analysis 重量分析gravimetric titration 重量滴定gravimetry 重量分析gravitation potential 重力势grease 润滑脂greasing substance 润滑剂green glass 绿色玻璃green oil 绿油green pigment 绿色颜料green vitriol 绿矾greenockite 硫镉矿grid 栅极grid current 栅极电流griess reagent 格里斯试剂grignard compound 格里纳德氏化合物grignard reaction 格里纳德氏反应grignard reagent 格里纳德氏试剂grindability 可粉碎性grindability index 可磨性grinder 粉碎机;磨床grinding 磨碎grinding efficiency 磨矿效率grinding material 磨料grinding mill 压碎机grinding wheel 金刚砂轮grindstone 磨石griss reaction 偶联反应grizzly 格筛grog 熟耐火粘土gross calorific value 高发热值gross output 总产量gross weight 毛重ground coat 底涂ground glass 磨玻璃ground state 基态groundnut oil 花生油groundwater 地下水groundwood pulp 磨木纸浆group 基group of motions 运动群group reaction 组反应group reagent 组试剂grouping 分组growth hormone 生长激素growth regulator 生长第素guaiac 通卡豆胶guaiac resin 愈创尸guaiacol 愈创木酚guaiacol carbonate 愈创木酚碳酸酯guanase 鸟嘌呤酶guanidine 胍guanidine acetate 醋酸胍guanidine carbonate 碳酸胍guanine 鸟嘌呤guano 鸟粪guanosine 鸟苷guanylic acid 鸟苷酸guar gum 瓜尔豆胶guignet green 吉勒特绿gum arabic 阿拉伯屎gum myrrh 没药gum resin 屎脂gummed paper 胶纸gun cotton 强棉药gun metal 锡青铜gun powder 黑色火药gutta percha 古塔波胶gypsum 石膏gypsum board 石膏板gypsum model 石膏型gypsum plank 石膏板gypsum plaster 石膏灰泥gyratory crusher 回转压碎机化学及化工专业英语词汇(G) 相关内容:。

reaction kinetics 反应动力学reactant 反应物purify 精制提纯recycle 循环回收unconverted reactant 未转化的反应物chemical reactor transfer of heat, evaporation, crystallization 结晶drying 干燥screening 筛选，浮选chemicalreaction 化学反应cracking ofpetroleum 石油裂解catalyst 催化剂，reaction zone 反应区conservation of mass and energy 能量与质量守衡定律technical advance 技术进步efficiency improvement 效率提高reaction 反应separation 分离heat exchange 热交换reactive distillation 反应精馏capital expenditure 基建投资setup 装置capital outlay 费用，成本，基建投资yield 产率，收率reaction byproduct 反应副产物equilibrium constant 平衡常数waste 废物feedstock 进料，原料product 产物，产品percent conversion 百分比转化率ether 乙醚gasoline 汽油oxygenate content 氧含量catalyst 催化剂reactant 反应物inert 惰性物，不参加反应的物质reactive distillation 反应精馏energy saving 节约能量energy efficiency 能量效率heat-sensitive material 热敏性物质pharmaceutical 制药foodstuff 食品gas diffusivity 气体扩散性，气体扩散系数gas adsorption 吸收；absorption：吸附specialty chemical 特殊化学品，特种化学品batch 间歇的；continuous：连续的micro-reactor 微型反应器hydrogen and methane oxidation 氢气和甲烷氧化反应ethylene epoxidation 乙烯环氧化反应phosgene synthesis 光气合成. commercial proportions 商业规模replication 复制sensor 传感器，探头separation of solids 固体分离suspension 悬浮液porous medium 多孔介质filtration 过滤medium 介质filter 过滤器trap收集，捕集Buchner funnel 布氏漏斗Vacuum 真空conical funnel 锥形漏斗filter paper 滤纸area 面积filter cake 滤饼factor 因数，因子，系数，比例viscosity 黏度density 密度corrosive property 腐蚀性particle size 颗粒尺寸shape 形状size distribution 粒度分布packing characteristics 填充性质concentration 浓度filtrate 滤液feed liquor 进料液pretreatment 预处理latent heat 潜热resistance 阻力surface layer 表面层filtering medium 过滤介质drop in pressure 压降filtering surface 过滤表面filter cake 滤饼cake filtration 饼层过滤deep bed filtration 深层过滤depth 深度law 定律net flow 净流量conduction 传导convection 对流radiation 辐射temperature gradient 温度梯度metallic solid 金属固体thermal conduction 热传导motion of unbound electrons 自由电子的运动electrical conductivity 导电性thermal conductivity 导热性poor conductor of electricity 不良导电体transport of momentum 动量传递the random motion of molecules 分子无规则运动brick wall 墙壁furnace 火炉，燃烧器metal wall of a tube 金属管壁macroscopic particle 宏观的粒子control volume 控制体enthalpy 焓macroscopic phenomenon 宏观现象forces of friction 摩擦力fluid mechanics 流体力学flux（通量，流通量）of enthalpy 焓通量eddy 尾流，涡流turbulent flow 湍流natural and forced convection 自然对流和强制对流buoyancy force 浮力temperature gradient 温度梯度electromagnetic wave 电磁波fused quartz 熔化的石英reflect反射，inflection:折射matte 无光泽的，无光的temperature level 温度高低inter-phase mass transfer 界相际间质量传递rate of diffusion 扩散速率acetone 丙酮dissolve 溶解ammonia 氨ammonia-air mixture 氨气-水混合物physical process 物理过程oxides of nitrogen 氮氧化物nitric acid 硝酸carbon dioxide 二氧化碳sodium hydroxide 氢氧化钠actualrate of absorption 实际吸收速率two-film theory 双膜理论concentration difference 浓度差in the vicinity of 在…附近，靠近..,大约…，在…左右molecular diffusion 分子扩散laminar sub-layer 层流底层resistance 阻力，阻止boundary layer 边界层Fick’s Law 费克定律is proportional to 与…成比例concentration gradient 浓度梯度plate tower 板式塔installation 装置feed 进料bottom 底部，塔底solvent 溶剂top顶部，塔顶partial vaporization 部分汽化boiling point 沸点equimolecular counter-diffusion 等分子反向扩散ideal system 理想系统ratio of A to B A 与B 的比值with the result that：由于的缘故，鉴于的结果tray 塔板packed tower 填料塔bubble-cap tower 泡罩塔spray chamber 喷淋室maintenance expense 维修费foundation 基础tower shell 塔体packing material 填料pump 泵blower 风机accessory heater 附属加热器cooler 冷却器heat exchanger 换热器solvent-recovery system 溶剂回收系统operating cost 操作费用power 动力circulating gas 循环气labor 劳动力steam 蒸汽regenerate 再生cooling water 冷却水solvent make-up 补充溶剂optimum 最优的unabsorbed component 未吸收组分purity 纯度volatility 挥发性vapor pressure 蒸汽压liquid mixture 液体混合物condense 凝缩，冷凝binary distillation 双组分精馏multi-component distillation 多组分精馏stage-type distillation column 级板式精馏塔mount 安装，固定conduit 导流管）,downcomer 降液管gravity 重力weir 溢流堰vapor-liquid contacting device 汽液接触装置valve tray 浮阀塔板reboiler 再沸器vaporization 汽化condensate 冷凝液，凝缩液overhead vapor 塔顶汽体condenser 冷凝器i feed tray 进料板base 塔底，基础bottoms product 塔底产品condensation 冷凝stripping section 汽提段,提馏段distillate section 精馏段total condense 全凝器distillateproduct 塔顶馏出产品reflux 回流thermodynamic equilibrium 热力学平衡solution 溶液fractional crystallization 分步结晶solubility，溶解度，溶解性soluble 可溶解的solvent 溶剂employ 采纳，利用miscible 可混合的，可溶的，可搅拌的mechanical separation 机械分离）liquid-liquid extraction 液液萃取aromatic 芳香烃的paraffin 石蜡，链烷烃lubricating oil 润滑油decompose 分解，离解，还原，腐烂penicillin 青霉素streptomycin（链霉素）precipitation 沉淀，沉析ethyl alcohol 乙醇)extract 萃取液heat requirement 热负荷solute 溶质extract phase 萃取相baffle-plate 折流挡板，缓冲挡板settling tank 沉降槽centrifuge 离心.离心机，离心分离emulsifying agent 乳化剂density difference 密度差raffinate 萃余液extract 萃取液drying of Solids 固体干燥process material 过程物料(相对最终产品而言的）organic 有机的，有机物的benzene 苯humidity 湿度moisture content 湿含量drying rate 干燥速率critical moisture content 临界湿湿含量falling-rate 降速concave （凸的，凸面）or convex（凹的，凹面）approximate to：接近，趋近straight line：直线constant-rate drying period 恒速干燥阶段convection drying 对流干燥drying gas 干燥气体falling-rate period 降速干燥阶段mean value 平均值vacuum drying 真空干燥discolor 变色，脱色sublime 升华freeze drying 冷冻干燥adiabatic 绝热的，不传热的pressure gradientperpendicular to：与 -- 垂直counter-current 逆流per unit area 单位面积water-cooling tower 水冷塔sensible heat（sensible heat：显热）water droplet 水珠，水滴quantitative relation 定量关系thermal diffusion 热扩散at right angles to 与…成直角，与…垂直by virtue of 由于，根据，凭借于molecular transfer 分子传递balance 抵消，平衡drag forces 曳力a function of …的函数of the same order 具有同一数量级eddy diffusion 涡流扩散is almost inversely proportional to 几乎与…成反比Reynolds number 雷诺准数fully developed turbulent flow 充分发展湍流coefficient 系数In principle 从原理而言exothermic（放热的，endothermic 吸热的,adiabatic 绝热的）triple bond 三健，三价nitrogen oxides 氮氧化物compound 化合物conversion 转化，转化率protein 蛋白质compress 压缩reaction yield 反应产率reaction speed 反应速度one-pass（单程）reactor energy input 能量输入maximum 最大的near toequilibrium 接近平衡output 产出，输出，产量fertilizer 化肥urea 尿素ammonium nitrate 硝酸铵ammonium phosphate 磷酸铵ammonium sulfate 硫酸铵diammonium hydrogen phosphate 磷酸二氢铵ash 纯碱pyridine砒啶polymers 聚合物nylon 尼龙acrylics 丙烯酸树脂via 经，由，通过，借助于hydrogen cyanide 氰化氢nitric acid 硝酸bulk explosive 集装炸药crude oil 原油natural gas 天然气bitumen 沥青fossil fuel 化石燃料seepage 渗出物asphalt 沥青oil drilling 采油gasoline 汽油paint 涂料plastic 塑料synthetic rubber 合成橡胶fiber 纤维soap 肥皂cleansing agent 清洗剂wax 石蜡explosive 炸药oil shale 油页岩deposit 沉积物aquatic plant 水生植物sedimentary rock 沉积岩sandstone 砂岩siltstone泥岩tar sand 沥青石chain-shaped 链状的methane 甲烷paraffin 石蜡，烷烃ring-shaped（环状的）hydrocarbon naphthene 环烷烃naphtha 石脑油tarry 柏油的，焦油的，焦油状的asphaltene 沥青油impurity 杂质pollutant 污染物combustion 燃烧capillarity 毛细现象，毛细管力viscous resistance 粘性阻力barrel 桶(国际原油计量单位)tanker 油轮kerosene 煤油heavy gas oil 重瓦斯油reforming 重整cracking 裂化octane number of gasoline 汽油辛烷值branched-chain（带支链的）materials science 材料科学mechanical, thermal, chemical, electric, magnetic, and optical behavior. （机械性能、热学性能、化学性能、电学性能、磁性能、光学性能）Amalgam 汞齐，水银；混合物，交叉solid state physics 固体物理学metallurgy 冶金学，冶金术magnet 磁铁，有吸引力的人或物insulation 绝缘catalytic cracking 催化裂化structural steels 结构钢computer microchip 计算机芯片Aerospace 航空Telecommunication 电信information processing 信息处理nuclear power 核能energy conversion 能量转化internal structure 内部结构defect structure 结构缺陷crystal flaw 晶体瑕疵vacantatomic site 原子空位dislocation 错位precipitate 沉淀物semiconductor 半导体mechanical disturbance 机械扰动ductility 延展性brittleness 脆性spinning electrons 旋转电子amorphous 非定型的,非晶型的,非结晶的,玻璃状的;无一定目的的,乱七八糟chemical process safety 化工过程安全exotic chemistry 奇异化学hydrodynamic model 水力学模型two-phase flow 两相流dispersionmodel 分散模型toxic 有毒的release 释放，排放probabilityof failure 失效概率accidentprevention 事故预防hard hat安全帽safety shoe 防护鞋rules and regulations 规章制度loss prevention 损失预防hazardidentification 危害辩识，technical evaluation 技术评估safety management support 安全管理基础知识safety experience 安全经验technical competence 技术能力safety knowledge 安全知识design engineer 设计师cost engineer 造价师process engineering 过程工程plant layout 工厂布局general service facilities 公用工程plant location 工厂选址close teamwork 紧密的团队协作specialized group 专业组storage仓库waste disposal 废物处理terminology 术语，词汇accountant 会计师，会计，出纳final-proposal 决议tangible return 有形回报Empirical model 经验模型process control（过程控制）first-principles 基本原理，基本规则regression model 回归模型.operating condition 操作条件nonlinear-equation-solving technique 非线性方程求解技术process-simulation software packages 过程模拟软件包least-squares-regression 最小二乘法statistical technique 统计技术intensity 强度，程度phenomenological model 现象模型model identification 模式识别neural network 神经网络a priori：先验的,既定的,不根据经验的,由原因推出结果的,演绎的,直觉的process data historian：过程数据历史编撰师qualitative 定性的quantitative precision 定量的精确high-fidelity 高保真的computationallyintensive 计算量大的mathematical expression steady-state model 稳态模型bioengineering 生物工程artificial 人工的hearing aid 助听器artificial limb 假肢supportive or substitute organ 辅助或替代器官biosynthesis 生物合成life scientist 生命科学家agricultural engineer 农艺师fermentation 发酵civil engineer 土木工程师sanitation 卫生physiologists 生理学criteria 指标human medicine 人体医学medicalelectronics 医疗电子medicalinstrumentation 医疗器械blood-flow dynamics 血液流动动力学prosthetics 假肢器官学biomechanics生物力学surgeon 外科医生replacement organ 器官移植physiologist 生理学家counterpart 对应物，配对物psychology 心理学self-taught 自学barrier 障碍物medical engineering 医学工程，医疗工程health care 保健diagnostic application of computers 计算机诊断agricultural engineering 农业工程biological production 生物制品生产bionics（仿生学）human-factors engineering 人类与环境工程environmental health engineering 环境健康工程environmentally benign processing 环境友好加工commodity or specialty 通用商品或特殊化学品styrene 苯乙烯ibuprofen 异丁苯丙酸the Chemical Manufacturers Association 化工生产协会as a whole 整体而言emission 释放物，排放物voluntary 自愿的，无偿的，义务的；有意的，随意的；民办的in the absence of 无---存在deactivate 失活bulk chemical 大宗化工产品Fine chemical 精细化工Pharmaceutical 制药segment 段，片，区间，部门，部分；弓形，圆缺；分割，切断tonnage 吨位，吨数，吨产量inorganic salt 无机盐hydroquinone 对苯二酚demonstrate 论证，证明，证实；说明，表明，显示forefront 最前线，最前沿Lewisacid 不可再生的路易斯酸anhydrous 无水的phaseout 消除HF alkylation 氰氟酸烷基化catalytic oxidation 催化氧化governmental regulation 政府规定pharmaceutical intermediate 药物中间体stereoselective 立体选择性的ketone 酮functional group 官能团detrimental 有害的chlorofluorocarbon 二氯二氟化碳，氟里昂carbon tetrachloride 四氯化碳straightforward 简单明了的coordinating ligand 配合体，向心配合体kilogram 千克thermal stability 热稳定性devastate 破坏，蹂躏outline描绘，勾勒membranetechnology 膜技术productionline 生产线dairy 牛奶water purification 水净化ifetime 寿命membrane module 膜组件durability 耐久性，寿命，使用期限，强度chemical additive 添加剂end-of-pipe solution 最终方案closed system 封闭系统substitute 取代，替代technical challenge 技术挑战，技术困难wastewater treatment 污水处理fouling 污垢，发泡surface treatment 表面处理applied Chemistry 应用化学nomenclature of chemical compound 化学化合物的命名法descriptive 描述性的refix 前缀alkane 烷烃family 族carbon skeleton 碳骨架chain 链Latin or Greek stem 拉丁或者希腊词根suffix 后缀constitute 取代物，取代基homologous series 同系物branched chain 支链烷烃parent 母链，主链derivative 衍生物substituent 取代基locant 位次，位标replicating prefix 重复前缀词Gas and Liquid Chromatography 气相色谱与液相色谱analytical chemistry 分析化学moving gas stream 移动的气流heats of solution and vaporization 溶解热和汽化热activity coefficient 活度系数counteract 抵消milliliter 毫升essential oil 香精油test mixture 测试混合物sample 样品helium 氦argon 氩carrier 载体injection 注射stationary nonvolatile phase 静止的不挥发相detector 检测器fraction collector 馏分收集器columnar liquid chromatography 柱状液相色谱仪retention volume 保留体积retention times 保留时间high-performance 高性能mobile phase 移动相high-efficiency 高效的analyte 分析物plane chromatography 薄层色谱capillary action 毛细管作用assay 分析化验fluorescence 荧光色，荧光retardation factor 保留因子，延迟因子。

化学专业课程中英文对照1.普通化学 General Chemistry2.分析化学 Analytical Chemistry3.有机化学 Organic Chemistry4.物理化学 Physical Chemistry5.谱学导论 Introducton of Spectroscopy6.无机化学 Inorganic Chemistry7.普通化学和分析化学实验 Experiments of General and Analytical Chemistry8.现代基础化学 The Principle of Mordern Chemistry9.现代基础化学实验 Experiments of Modern Fundamental Chemistry11.有机化学实验 Experiments of Organic Chemistry 仪器分析和物理化学实验Experiments of Instrumental Analysis and Physical Chemistry 合成化学实验Experiments of Synthetic Chemistry 现代化学专题 Topic of Modern Chemistry 化学综合实验 Experiments of Comprehensive Chemistry 化工原理 Principle of Chemical Engineering 化工原理实验 Experiments of Chemical Engineering 应用化学实验Experiments of Applied Chemistry 无机合成化学 Synthetic Inorganic Chemistry 近代分析化学 Modern Analytical Chemistry 分离分析化学 Separation Analytical Chemistry 有机化合物波谱鉴定 Spectrum Identification of Organic Compounds 有机合成及反应机理 Organic Synthesis and Mechanics 化学进展 Progress in Chemistry 化学反应工程 Chemical Reaction Engineering 应用电化学 Applied Electrochemistry 工业催化 Industrial Catalysis 环境化学 Environmental Chemistry 环境监测Environmental Monitoring 化学科技英语 Scientific English for Chemistry 数理方法在化学中的应用 Mathematical Statistics for Chemistry 化工制图 Chemical Engineering Cartography 计算机与化学测量实验 Computer and Chemical Measurement 化学信息学 Chemoinformatics or Chemical Informatics 应用化学专题 Special Topics in Applied Chemistry化工装置常用词汇 1一概论 introduction 方案(建议书) proposal 可行性研究 feasibility study 方案设计concept design 工艺设计 process design 基础设计 basic design 详细设计 detail design 开工会议 kick-off meeting 审核会议 review meeting 外商投资 foreign investment 中外合资 joint venture 中外合营 joint venture 补偿贸易 compensation trade 合同合同附件 contract 卖方 vendor 买方 buyer 顾客 client 承包商contractor 工程公司 company 供应范围 scope of supply 生产范围 production scope 生产能力 production capacity 项目 project 界区 battery limit 装置 plant 公用工程utilities 工艺流程图 process flow diagram 工艺流程方块图 process block diagram 管道及仪表流程图 piping and instrument drawing 物料及热量平衡图 mass & heat balance diagram 蒸汽及冷凝水平衡图 steam & condensate balance diagram 设备布置图equipment layout 设备表 equipment list 成品(产品) product(final product) 副产品by-product 原料 raw-material 设计基础数据 basic data for design 技术数据technical data 数据表 data sheet 设计文件 design document 设计规定 design regulation 现场服务 site service 项目变更 project change 用户变更 client change 消耗定额 consumption quota 技术转让 technical transfer 技术知识 technicalknow-how technical knowledge 技术保证 technical guarantee 咨询服务 consultative services 技术服务 technical services 工作地点 location 施工现场 construction field 报价 quotation 标书 bidding book 公司利润 company profit 固定价合同 fixed price contract 固定单价合同 fixed unit price contract 成本加酬金合同 cost plus award fee contract 定金 mobilization 银行保证书 bank guarantee letter 保留金retention 所得税 income taxes 特别承包人税 special contractor's taxes 城市和市政税 city and municipal taxes 工作手册 work manual 工作流程图 work flow diagram 质量保证程序 QA/QC procedures 采购计划 procurement plan 施工计划 construction plan 施工进度 construction schedule 项目实施计划 project execution plan 项目协调程序project coordination procedure 项目总进度计划 project master schedule 设计网络计划 engineering network logic 项目质量保证 project quality assurance 项目质量控制project quality control 采购 procurement 采购周期 procurement period 会签 the squad check 计算书 calculation sheets 询价 inquiry 检验 inspection 运输transportation 开车 start up / commission 验收 inspection & acceptance 校核 check审核 review 审定 approve 版次 version 部门 department 专业 specialty 项目号project number 图号 drawing number 目录 contents 序言 foreword 章 chapter 节section 项 item MR material requisition SPEC engineering specification DATA SHEET （技术表） technical data sheet TBA(技术评标） technical bid analysis PDP preliminary design package PM (项目经理) project manager LDE(专业负责人) lead discipline engineer Material requisition for quotation MRQ(材料询价单) MRP(材料采购单) material requisition for purchase BEP(基础工程设计包) basic engineering package P&ID(管道及仪表流程图) piping and instrument drawing(diagram) PFD process flow diagram NNF normally no flow FO failure open FC failure close C/S/Acivil/structure/architecture detail design phase DDP（详细设计阶段）二. 工艺流程连续过程 continuous process 间歇过程 batch process 工艺叙述 process description 工艺特点 process feature 操作 operation 反应 reaction 副反应 side reaction 絮凝flocculation 浮洗 flotation 倾析 decantation 催化反应 catalytical reaction 萃取extraction 中和 neutralization 水解 hydrolysis 过滤 filtration 干燥 drying 还原reduction 氧化 oxidation 氢化 hydrogenation 分解 decomposition 离解dissociation 合成 synthetics 吸收 absorption 吸附 adsorption 解吸 desorption 结晶 crystallization 溶解 solution 调节 modulate 控制 control 悬浮 suspension 循环 circulation 再生 regeneration 再活化 reactivation 沥取 leaching 破碎crushing 煅烧 caloination 沉降 sedimentation 沉淀 precipitation 气化gasification 冷冻 refrigeration 固化、结晶 solidification 包装 package 升华sublimation 燃烧 combustion 引烧 ignition 蒸馏 distillation 碳化 carbonization 压缩 compression三、化学物质及特性固体 solid 液体 liquid 气体 gas 化合物 compound 混合物 mixture 粉 powder 片状粉未 flake 小粒 granule 结晶 crystal 乳化物 emulsion 氧化物 oxidizing agent 还原剂 reducing agent 有机物 organic material 真空 vacuum 母液 master liquor 富液rich liquor 贫液 lean liquor 萃出物 extract 萃余物 raffinate 絮凝剂 flocculants冷冻盐水 brine 酸度 acidity 浓度 concentration 碱度 alkalinity 溶解度solubility 凝固点 solidificalion point 沸点 boiling point 熔点 melting point 蒸发率 evaporation rate 粘度 viscosity 吸水的 water absorbent(a) 无水的anhydrous(a) 外观 appearance 无色的 colorless(a) 透明的 transparent(a) 半透明的translucent 密度 density 比重 specific gravity 催化剂 catalyst 燃烧 combustion 引燃 ignition 自然点 self-ignition temperature 可燃气体 combustible gas 可燃液体inflammable liquid 易燃液体 volatile liquid 爆炸混合物 explosive mixture 爆炸性环境 explosive atmosphere(environment) 爆炸极限 explosive concentration limit 废水 waste water 废液 waste liquid 废气 off-gas 噪声 noise pollution 成分composition 挠度 deflection 力和力矩 force and moment 弯矩 bending moment 应力-应变曲线 stress-strain diagram 百分比 percentage 环境温度 ambient temperature 工作温度 operating 设计温度 design temperature(pressure) 相对湿度 RH=relative humidity 油渣、淤泥 sludge 杂质 impurity四、化工设备泵 pump 轴流泵 axial flow pump 真空泵 vacuum pump 屏蔽泵 canned pump 柱塞泵plunger pump 涡轮泵 turbine pump 涡流泵 vortex pump 离心泵 centrifugal pump 喷射泵 jet pump 转子泵 rotary pump 管道泵 inline pump 双作用往复泵 double action reciprocating pump 计量泵 metering pump 深井泵 deep well pump 齿轮泵 gear pump 手摇泵 hand(wobble) pump 螺杆泵 screw (spiral) pump 潜水泵 submersible pump 斜转子泵 inclined rotor pump 封闭式电磁泵 hermetically sealed magnetic drive pump 气升泵 air-lift-pump 轴承 bearing 叶轮 impeller 虹吸管 siphon 高压容器 high pressure vessel 焚化炉 incinerator 火焰清除器 flame arrester 工业炉 furnace 烧嘴burner 锅炉 boiler 回转窑 rotary kiln 加热器 heater 电加热器 electric heater 冷却器 cooler 冷凝器 condenser 换热器 heat exchanger 反应器 reactor 蒸馏釜 still 搅拌器 agitator 混合器 mixer 静态混合器 static mixers 管道混合器 line mixers 混合槽 mixing tanks 破碎机 crusher 磨碎机 grinder 研磨机 pulverizer 球磨机ballmill 过滤器 filter 分离器 separator 干燥器 drier 翅片 fins 烟囱 stack 火炬flare 筛子 screen 煅烧窑 calciner 倾析器 decanter 蒸发器 evaporator 再沸器reboiler 萃取器 extractor 离心机 centrifuger 吸附（收）器 adsorber 结晶器crystallizer 电解槽 electrolyzer 电除尘器 electric precipitator 洗涤器 scrubber 消石灰器 slaker 料仓 bin 料斗 hopper 加料器 feeder 增稠器 thickener 澄清器clarifier 分级器 classifier 浮洗器 flocculator 废液池 sump 喷射器 ejector 喷头sprayer 成套设备 package unit 仪器设备 apparatus 附属设备 accessory 旋转式压缩机 rotary compressor 往复式压缩机 reciprocating compressor 水环式压缩机 nash compressor 螺杆式压缩机 helical screw compressor 离心式压缩机 centrifugal compressor 多级压缩机 mutiple stages compressor 固定床反应器 fixed bed reactor 流化床反应器 fluidized bed reactor 管式反应器 tubular reactor 列管式换热器 tubular heat exchanger 螺旋板式换热器 spiral plate heat exchanger 萃取塔 extraction column 板式塔 plate column 填料塔 packed column 洗涤塔 scrubber 吸收塔 absorber 冷却塔 cooling tower 精馏塔 fractionating tower 汽提塔 stripper 再生塔regenerator 造粒塔 prill tower 塔附件 tower accessories 液体分配（布）器 liquid distributor 填料支持板 support plate 定距管 spacer 降液管 downcomer 升气管chimney 顶(底)层塔盘 top (bottom) tray 挡板 baffle 抽出口 draw nozzle 溢流堰weir 泡罩 bubble cap 筛板 sieve plate 浮阀 float valve 除沫器 demister pad 塔裙座 skirt 椭圆封头 elliptical head 高位槽 head tank 中间槽 intermediate tank 加料槽 feed tank 补给槽 make-up tank 计量槽 measuring tank 电解槽 cell 溜槽 chute 收集槽 collecting tank 液滴分离器 knockout drum 稀释罐 thinning tank 缓冲罐 surge drum 回流罐 reflux drum 闪蒸罐 flash drum 浮顶罐 floating roof tank 内浮顶罐covered floating roof tank 球罐 spheroid 气柜 gas holder 湿式气柜 wet gas-holder 干式气柜 dry gas-holder 螺旋式气柜 helical gas-holder 星型放料器,旋转阀 rotary valve 抽滤器 mutche filter 压滤器 filter press 压滤机 pressure filter 板框压滤器plate-and-fram filter press 转鼓过滤器 rotary drum filter 带式过滤器 belt filter 翻盘式过滤器袋滤器 bag filter 旋风分离器 cyclone separator 盘式干燥箱compartment tray drier 真空干燥器 vacuum drier 隧道式干燥器 tunnel drier 回转干燥器 rotary drier 穿流循环干燥器 through circulation drier 喷雾干燥器 spray drier 气流干燥器 pneumatic conveyor drier 圆盘式加料器 dish feeder 螺旋式加料器 screw feeder 颚式破碎机 jaw crusher 回转破碎机 gyratory crusher 滚洞破碎机 rollcrusher 锤式破碎机 hammer crusher 冲击破碎机 rotor impact breaker 气流喷射粉碎机jet pulverizer 棍磨机 rod mill 雷蒙机 raymond mill 锤磨机 hammer mill 辊磨机roller mill 振动筛 vibrating screen 回转筛 rotary screen 风机 fan 罗茨鼓风机起重机桥式起重机电动葫芦发电机电动机汽轮机 root's blower crane bridge crane motor hoist generator motor steam turbine五、管道工程 piping engineering1 阀门 valve阀杆 stem 内螺纹阀杆 inside screw 阀座 valve seat (body seat) 阀座环、密封圈sealing ring 阀芯(包括密封圈,杆等) trim 阀盘 disc 阀体 body 阀盖 bonnet 手轮hand wheel 手柄 hand level (handle) 压盖 gland 闸阀 gate valve 平行双闸板 double disc parallel seat 楔形单闸板 split wedge 截止阀 globe valve 节流阀 throttle valve 针阀 needle valve 角阀(角式截止阀) angle valve Y 型阀(截止阀)Y-valve(Y-body globe valve) 球阀 ball valve 三通球阀 3-way ball valve 蝶阀butterfly valve 对夹式(薄片型) wafer type 偏心阀板蝶阀 offset disc (eccentric) butterfly valve 斜阀盘蝶阀 canted disc butterfly valve 连杆式蝶阀 link butterfly valve 止回式蝶阀 combined non-return butterfly valve 柱塞阀 piston type valve 旋塞阀 plug valve 三通旋塞阀 three-way plug valve 四通旋塞阀 four-way plug valve 旋塞 cock 衬套旋塞 sleeve cock 隔膜阀 diaphragm valve 橡胶衬里隔膜阀 rubber lined diaphragm valve 直通式隔膜阀 straight way diaphragm valve 夹紧式胶管阀 pinch valve 止回阀 check valve 升降式止回阀 lift check valve 旋启式止回阀 swing check valve 落球式止回阀 ball check valve 弹簧球式止回阀 spring ball check valve 底阀foot valve 切断式止回阀 stop check valve 活塞式止回阀 piston check valve 翻板止回阀 flap check valve 蝶式止回阀 butterfly check valve 安全泄气阀 safety[SV] 安全泄放阀 relief valve[RV] 安全泄压阀 safety relief valve 杠杆重锤式 lever and weight type 罐底排污阀 flush-bottom tank valve 波纹管密封阀 bellow sealed valve 电磁阀 solenoid (operated) valve 电动阀 electrically(electric-motor)operated valve 气动阀 pneumatic operated valve 低温用阀 cryogenic service valve 蒸汽疏水阀 steam trap 机械式疏水阀 mechanical trap 浮桶式疏水阀 open (top) bucket trap 浮球式疏水阀 float trap 倒吊桶式疏水阀 inverted bucket trap 自由浮球式疏水阀 loose float trap 恒温式疏水阀 thermostatic trap 压力平衡式恒温疏水阀 balanced pressure thermostatic trap 热动力式疏水阀 thermodynamic trap 脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀 impulse steam trap 放汽阀(自动放汽阀) (automatic) air vent valve 换向阀 diverting (reversing) valve 呼吸阀 breather valve 减压阀 pressure reducing valve 控制阀control valve 执行机构 actuator 差压调节阀 differential pressure regulating valve 切断阀 block (shut-off, stop) valve 调节阀 regulating valve 快开阀 quick opening valve 快闭阀 quick closing valve 隔断阀 isolating valve 三通阀 three way valve 夹套阀 jacketed valve 非旋转式阀 non-rotary valve2 管子,管件,法兰管子 pipe(按标准制造的配管用管) tube(不按标准规格制造的其它用管) 钢管 steel pipe 铸铁管 cast iron pipe 衬里管 lined pipe 复合管 clad pipe 碳钢管 carbonsteel[C.S.]pipe 合金钢管 alloy steel pipe 不锈钢管 stainless steel[S.S.]pipe 奥氏体不锈钢管 austenitic stainless steel pipe 铁合金钢管 ferritic alloy steel pipe 轧制钢管 wrought-steel pipe 锻铁管 wrought-iron pipe 无缝钢管 seamless[SMLS] steel pipe 焊接钢管 welded steel pipe 电阻焊钢管 electric-resistance-welded steel pipe 电熔(弧)焊钢板卷管 electric-fusion(arc)-welded steel-plate pipe 螺旋焊接钢管 spiral welded steel pipe 镀锌钢管 galvanized steel pipe 排污阀 blowdown valve 集液排放阀 drip valve 排液阀 drain valve 放空阀 vent valve 卸载阀 unloading valve 排出阀 discharge valve 吸入阀 suction valve 取样阀 sampling valve 手动阀 hand operated(manually-operated) valve (水)龙头 bibb;bib;faucet 抽出液阀(小阀) bleed valve 旁路阀 by-pass valve 软管阀 hose valve 混合阀 mixing valve 破真空阀 vacuum breaker 冲洗阀 flush valve 根部阀 root (primary, header) valve 水煤气钢管water-gas steel pipe 塑料管 plastic pipe 玻璃管 glass tube 橡胶管 rubber tube 壁厚 wall thickness[WT] 壁厚系列号 schedule number[SCH.NO.] 加厚的,加强的 extra heavy (strong) 双倍加厚的,双倍加强的 double extra heavy (strong) 弯头 elbow 异径弯头 reducing elbow 长半径弯头 long radius elbow 短半径弯头 short radius elbow 长半径 180°弯头 long radius return 短半径 180°弯头 short radius return 三通 tee 异径三通 reducing tee 等径三通 straight tee 带支座三通 base tee 45°斜三通 45°lateral true"Y" Y 型三通四通 cross 异径管 reducer 同心异径管 concentric reducer 偏心异径管 eccentric reducer 管接头 coupling;full coupling 活接头 union 短管nipple 预制弯管 fabricated pipe bend U 型弯管 "U"bend 法兰端 flanged end 万向接头 universal joint 对焊的 butt welded[BW] 螺纹的 threaded[THD] 承插焊的 socket welded[SW] 法兰 flange[FLG] 整体管法兰 integral pipe flange 钢管法兰 steel pipe flange 螺纹法兰 threaded flange 滑套法兰 slip-on flange 平焊法兰 slip-on-welding flange 承插焊法兰 socket welding flange 松套法兰 lap joint flange[LJF] 对焊法兰weld neck flange[WNF] 法兰盖 blind flange;blind 异径法兰 reducing flange 压力级pressure rating(class) 突面 raised face[RF] 凸面 male face 凹面 female face 全平面;满平面 flat face;full face[FF]3.管道特殊件 piping speciality粗滤器 strainer 过滤器 filter 临时过滤器 temporary strainer(cone type) Y 型过滤器 Y-type strainer T 型过滤器 T-type strainer 永久过滤器 permanent filter 洗眼器及淋浴器 eye washer and shower 视镜 sight glass 阻火器 flame arrester 喷咀;喷头spray nozzle 喷射器 ejector 取样冷却器 sample cooler 消音器 silencer 膨胀节expansion joint 波纹膨胀节 bellow 补偿器 compensator 软管接头 hose connection[HC] 快速接头 quick coupling 金属软管 metal hose 橡胶管 rubber hose 挠性管 flexible tube 特殊法兰 special flange 漏斗 funnel 8 字盲板 spectacle (figure 8) blind 爆破板 rupture disk4,其它材料碳素钢 carbon steel [C.S.]不锈钢 stainless steel[S.S.] 铸铁 cast iron[C.I.] 铝aluminum 铜,紫铜 copper 钛 titanium 抗拉强度 tensile strength 非金属材料non-metallic material 塑料 plastic 陶瓷 ceramic 搪瓷 porcelain enamel 玻璃 glass 橡胶 rubber 垫片 gasket[GSKT] 平垫片 flat gasket 填料 packing 型钢 shaped steel 角钢 angle steel 槽钢 channel 工字钢 I-beam 宽缘工字钢或 H 钢 wide flanged beam 扁钢 flat bar 圆钢 round steel; rod 钢带 strap steel 网络钢板 checkered plate 材料表 bill of material[BOM] 材料统计 material take-off[MTO] 散装材料 bulk material 综合管道材料表 consolidated piping material summary sheet[CPMSS] 汇总表 summary sheet5.设备布置及管道设计中心线 center line 装置边界 boundary limit[BL] 区界 area limit 设备布置equipment arrangement (layout);plot plan 标高,立面 elevation[EL] 支撑点 point of support[POS] 工厂北向 plant north 方位 orientation 危险区 hazardous area classification 净正吸入压头 net positive suction head 绝对标高 absolute elevation 坐标 coordinate 管道研究 piping study 管道布置平面 piping arrangement plan[PAP] 管道布置 piping assembly; layout 详图 detail "X"视图 view "X" "A-A" 剖视 section "A-A" 轴测图 isometric drawing 索引图 key plan 管道及仪表流程图 piping and instrument diagram[P&ID] 管口表 list of nozzles 地上管道 above ground piping 地下管道 under ground piping 管线号 line number 总管 header; manifold 旁路 by pass 常开 normally open 常闭 normally closed 取样接口 sampling connection 伴热管tracing pipe 蒸汽伴热 steam tracing 热水伴热 hot-water tracing 电伴热 electrical tracing 夹套管 jacketed line 全夹套管 full jacketed 比例 scale 图 figure 草图sketch 图例 legend 符号 symbol 件号 part n。

ContentPART 1 Introduction to Materials Science &Engineering 1 Unit 1 Materials Science and Engineering 1 Unit 2 Classification of Materials 9 Unit 3 Properties of Materials 17 Unit 4 Materials Science and Engineering: What does the Future Hold? 25 PartⅡMETALLIC MATERLALS AND ALLOYS 33 Unit 5 An Introduction to Metallic Materials 33 Unit 6 Metal Manufacturing Methods 47 Unit 7 Structure of Metallic Materials 57 Unit 8 Metal-Matrix Composites 68 PartⅢCeramics 81 Unit 9 Introduction to Ceramics 81 Unit 10 Ceramic Structures —Crystalline and Noncrystalline 88 Unit 11 Ceramic Processing Methods 97 Unit 12 Advanced ceramic materials –Functional Ceramics 105 PARTⅣNANOMATERIALS 112 Unit 13 Introduction to Nanostructured Materials 112 Unit14 Preparation of Nanomaterials 117 Unit 15 Recent Scientific Advances 126 Unit 16 The Future of Nanostructure Science and Technology 130 PartⅤPOLYMERS 136 Unit17 A Brief Review in the Development of Synthetic Polymers 136 Unit18 Polymer synthesis: Polyethylene synthesis 146 Unit19 Polymer synthesis:Nylon synthesis 154 Unit 20 Processing and Properties Polymer Materials 165 PART VI POLYMERIC COMPOSITES 172 Unit21 Introduction to Polymeric Composite Materials 172 Unit22 Composition, Structure and Morphology of Polymeric Composites 178Unit23 Manufacture of Polymer Composites 185 Unit24 Epoxy Resin Composites 191 Part 7 Biomaterial 196 Unit 25 Introduction to Biomaterials 196 Unit 26 Biocompatibility 205 Unit 27 Polymers as Biomaterials 213 Unit 28 Future of Biomaterials 224 PARTⅧMaterials and Environment 237 Unit29 Environmental Pollution & Control Related Materials 237 Unit30 Bio-degradable Polymer Materials 241 Unit 31 Environmental Friendly Inorganic Materials 248 Unit 32 A Perspective on the Future: Challenges and Opportunities 256 附录一科技英语构词法263 附录二科技英语语法及翻译简介269附录三:聚合物英缩写、全名、中文名对照表280 附录四:练习题参考答案284 PART 1 Introduction to Materials Science &EngineeringUnit 1Materials Science and Engineering Historical PerspectiveMaterials are probably more deep-seated in our culture than most of us realize. Transportation, housing, clothing, communication, recreation, and food production —virtually every segment of our everyday lives is influenced to one degree or another by materials. Historically, the development and advancement of societies ha ve been intimately tied to the members‘ ability to produce and manipulate materi- als to fill their needs. In fact, early civilizations have been designated by the level of their materials development (Stone Age, Bronze Age, Iron Age.The earliest humans had access to only a very limited number of materials, those that occur naturally: stone, wood, clay, skins, and so on. With time they discovered techniques for producing materials that had properties superior to those of the natural ones; these new materials included pottery and various metals. Furthermore, it was discovered that the properties of a material could be altered by heat treatments and by the addition of other substances. At this point, materials utilization was totally a selection process that involved deciding from a given, rather limited set of materials the one best suited for an application by virtue of its characteristics.①It was not until relatively recent times that scientists came to understand the relationships between the structural elements of materials and their properties. This knowledge, acquired over approximately the past 100 years, has empowered them to fashion, to a large degree, the characteristics of materials. Thus, tens of thousands of different materials have evolved with rather specialized charac- teristics that meet the needs of our modern and complex society; these include metals, plastics, glasses, and fibers. deep-seated根深蒂固的, 深层的pottery / ☐☯❑♓陶器structural elements结构成分;property / ☐❑☐☜♦♓/⏹.性能The development of many technologies that make our existence so comfortable has been intimately associated with the accessibility of suitable materials. An advancement in the understanding of a material type is often the forerunner to the stepwise progression of a technology. For example, automobiles would not havebeen possibl- e without the availability of inexpensive steel or some other comparable substitute. In our contemporary era, sophisticated electronic devices rely on components that are made from what are called semiconducting materials. Materials Science and EngineeringThe discipline of materials science involves investigating the relationships that exist between the structures and properties of materials. In contrast, materials engineering is, on the basis of these structure–property correlations, designing or engineering the structure of a material to produce a predetermined set of properties.―Structure‘‘ is at this point a nebulous term that deserves some explanation. In brief, the structure of a material usually relates to the arrangement of its internal components. Subatomic structure involves electrons within the individual atoms and interactions with their nuclei. On an atomic level, structure encompasses the organization of atoms or molecules relative to one another. The next larger structural realm, which contains large groups of atoms that are normally agglomerated together, is termed‗‗microscopic,‘‘ meaning that which is subject to direct observation using some type of microscope. Finally, structural elements that may be viewed with the naked eye are termed ‗‗macroscopic.‘‘The notion of ‗‗property‘‘ deserves elaboration. While in service use, all materials are exposed to external stimuli that evoke some type of response. For example, aspecimen subjected to forces will experience deformation; or a polished metal surface will reflect light. Property is a material trait in terms of the kind and magnitude of response to a specific imposed stimulus. Generally, definitions of properties are made independent of material shape and size.Virtually all important properties of solid materials may be grouped into six different categories: mechanical, electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical, and stepwise /♦♦♏☐♦♋♓/ ♎逐步的sophisticated/♦☯♐♓♦♦♓♏♓♦♓♎/ ♎精制的,复杂的; semiconducting materials 半导体材料nebulous/ ⏹♏♌✞●☯♦/♎含糊的,有歧义的subatomic/ ♦✈♌☯❍♎亚原子的microscopic/❍♓❑☯☐♓♎微观的❍♋♍❑☐♦♍☐☐♓♍/❍✌❑☯✞☐♓♎宏观的deteriorative. For each there is a characteristic type of stimulus capable of provokingdifferent responses. Mechanical properties relate deformation to an applied load or force; examples include elastic modulus and strength. For electrical properties, such as electrical conductivity and dielectric constant, the stimulus is an electric field. The thermal behavior of solids can be represented in terms of heat capacity and thermalconductivity. Magnetic properties demonstrate the response of a material to the application of a magnetic field. For optical properties, the stimulus is electro- magnetic or light radiation; index of refraction and reflectivity are representative optical properties. Finally, deteriorative characteristics indicate the chemical reactivity of materials.In addition to structure and properties, two other important components are involved in the science and engineering of materials, viz. ‗‗processing‘‘ and‗‗performance.‘‘ With regard to the relationships of these four components, the structure of a material will depend on how it is processed. Furthermore, a material‘s perf ormance will be a function of its properties.Fig. 1.1 Photograph showing the light transmittance of three aluminum oxide specimens. From left to right: single crystal material (sapphire, which is transparent;a polycrystalline and fully dense (nonporous material, which is translucent; and a polycrystalline material that contains approximately 5% porosity, which is opaque. (Specimen preparation, P. A. Lessing; photography by J. Telford.We now present an example of these processing-structure-properties-perfor- mance principles with Figure 1.1, a photograph showing three thin disk specimens placed over some printed matter. It is obvious that the optical properties (i.e., the deformation/♎♓♐❍♏♓☞☯变形deteriorative/♎♓♓☯❑♓☯❑♏♓♦♓破坏(老化的elastic modulus 弹性模量strength /♦♦❑♏⏹♑强度;dielectric constant介电常数;heat capacity 热容量refraction/❑♓♐❑✌☞☯折射率; reflectivity/ ❑♓♐●♏♓♓♦♓/ 反射率processing/☐❑☯◆♏♦♓☠加工light transmittance of each of the three materials are different; the one on the left is transparent (i.e., virtually all of the reflected light passes through it, whereas the disks in the center and on the right are, respectively, translucent and opaque.All of these specimens are of the same material, aluminum oxide, but the leftmost one is what we call a single crystal—that is, it is highly perfect—which gives rise to its transparency. The center one is composed of numerous and verysmall single crystals that are all connected; the boundaries between these small crystals scatter a portion of the light reflected from the printed page, which makes this material optically translucent.②And finally, the specimen on the right is composed not only of many small, interconnected crystals, but also of a large number of very small pores or void spaces. These pores also effectively scatter the reflected light and render this material opaque.Thus, the structures of these three specimens are different in terms of crystal boundaries and pores, which affect the optical transmittance properties. Furthermore, each material was produced using a different processing technique. And, of course, if optical transmittance is an important parameter relative to the ultimate in-service application, the performance of each material will be different.Why Study Materials science and Engineering?Why do we study materials? Many an applied scientist or engineer, whether mechanical, civil, chemical, or electrical, will at one time or another be exposed to a design problem involving materials. Examples might include a transmission gear, the superstructure for a building, an oil refinery component, or an integrated circuit chip. Ofcourse, materials scientists and engineers are specialists who are totally involved in the investigation and design of materials.Many times, a materials problem is one of selecting the right material from the many thousands that are available. There are several criteria on which the final decision is normally based. First of all, the in-service conditions must be charac- terized, for these will dictate the properties required of the material. On only rare occasions does a material possess the maximum or ideal combination of properties. transmittance/♦❑✌❍♓♦☜⏹♦/ ⏹. 透射性sapphire /♦✌♐♓☯蓝宝石transparent/♦❑✌☐☪☯❑☯⏹♦/ ♎透明的;polycrystalline/ ☐♓❑♓♦♦☯♓多晶体; translucent/♦❑✌✞♎半透明的; opaque☯✞☐♏♓♎不透明的single crystal 单晶体Thus, it may be necessary to trade off one characteristic for another. The classic example involves strength and ductility; normally, a material having a high strength will have only a limited ductility. In such cases a reasonable compromise between two or more properties may be necessary.A second selection consideration is any deterioration of material properties that may occur during service operation. For example, significant reductions in mecha- nical strength may result from exposure to elevated temperatures or corrosive envir- onments.Finally, probably the overriding consideration is that of economics: What will the finished product cost? A material may be found that has the ideal set of proper- ties but is prohibitively expensive. Here again, some compromise is inevitable.The cost of a finished piece also includes any expense incurred during fabrication to produce the desired shape. The more familiar an engineer or scientist is with the various characteristics and structure–property relationships, as well as processing techniques of materials, the more proficient and confident he or she will be to make judicious materials choices based on these criteria.③Reference:William D. Callister, Materials science and engineering : anintroduction, Press:John Wiley & Sons, Inc.,2007;2-5 transmission gear传动齿轮dictate/♎♓♏♓决定trade off 权衡;折衷ductility♎✈♓●♓♦♓延展性/ ☯✞☯❑♋♓♎♓☠/♎最主要的judicious/♎✞✞♎♓☞☯♦/♎明智的Notes1.At this point, materials utilization was totally a selection process that involved deciding froma given, rather limited set of materials the one best suited for an application by virtue of itscharacteristics由此看来,材料的使用完全就是一个选择过程,且此过程又是根据材料的性质从许多的而不是非有限的材料中选择一种最适于某种用途的材料。

化学及化工专业英语词汇c acid c 酸c stage resin c 级尸c2chemistry c2化学cabinet dryer 干燥箱cable lacquer 电缆漆cable oil 电缆油cacao butter 可可脂cacodyl chloride 卡可基氯cacodyl oxide 卡可基氧cacodylate 卡可酸盐cacodylic acid 卡可酸cacotheline 卡可伍cadalene 卡达萘cadaverine 尸胺cadinene 杜松烯cadmium 镉cadmium acetate 醋酸镉cadmium bromide 溴化镉cadmium carbonate 碳酸镉cadmium chloride 氯化镉cadmium hydroxide 氢氧化镉cadmium iodide 碘化镉cadmium nitrate 硝酸镉cadmium plating 镀镉cadmium red 镉红cadmium selenide 硒化镉cadmium standard cell 镉标准电池cadmium sulfate 硫酸镉cadmium sulfide 硫化镉cadmium yellow 镉黄caffeic acid 咖啡酸caffeine 咖啡碱cage compound 笼状化合物cajeput oil 白千层油cake 滤渣caking 粘结caking agent of coal 煤粘结剂caking coal 粘结煤caking property 粘结性calamine 异极矿calaverite 碲金矿calciferol 钙化醇calcification 钙化酌calcimeter 碳酸计calcination 煅烧calcined clay 煅烧的粘土calcined gypsum 烧石膏calcined magnesia 煅镁氧calcined phosphate fertilizer 烧制磷肥calcining 煅烧calcining furnace 煅烧炉calcining zone 煅烧带calcite 方解石calcitonin 降钙素calcium 钙calcium aluminate 铝酸钙calcium antagonist 钙拮抗剂calcium arsenate 砷酸钙calcium arsenite 亚砷酸钙calcium carbide 碳化钙calcium carbonate 碳酸钙calcium chlorate 氯酸钙calcium chloride 氯化钙calcium chloride tube 氯化钙管calcium chromate 铬酸钙calcium cyanamide 氰氨化钙calcium cyanide 氰化钙calcium fluoride 氟化钙calcium hydride 氢化钙calcium hydrosulfide 氢硫化钙calcium hydroxide 氢氧化钙calcium iodide 碘化钙calcium lactate 乳酸钙calcium monohydrogenphosphate 磷酸一氢钙calcium nitrate 硝酸钙calcium oxide 氧化钙calcium pantothenate 泛酸钙calcium phosphate 磷酸钙calcium phosphide 磷化钙calcium rhodanide 硫氰酸钙calcium silicate 硅酸钙calcium sulfate 硫酸钙calcium sulfide 硫化钙calcium thiocyanate 硫氰酸钙calcium tungstate 钨酸钙calcon 钙试剂calculus of variations 变分法calender 砑光机calender bowl 砑光滚筒calender roller 砑光滚筒calendering 砑光calibration 校准calibration curve 标定曲线calibration error 标定误差calibration reference 校准基准caliche 生硝calico printing 棉布印花californium 锎calking compound 嵌缝填料calomel 甘汞calomel electrode 甘汞电极calomel half cell 甘汞半电池calorie 卡calorific capacity 热容量calorific equivalent 热当量calorific value 热值calorification 发热calorifics 热学calorimeter 量热器卡计calorimetry 量热calory 卡campesterol 芸苔甾醇camphane 莰烷camphene 莰烯camphor 樟脑camphor oil 樟脑油canada balsam 加拿大胶canada turpentine 加拿大胶canal dryer 管道干燥器cananga oil 衣兰油canavanine 刀豆氨酸candelilla wax 小烛石candle coal 烛煤candle filter 滤烛candle moulding machine 制烛机cane 甘蔗cane sugar 蔗糖cannabidiol 大麻二酚cannabinol 大麻醇cannel coal 烛煤cannizzaro reaction 坎尼扎罗反应canonical ensemble 正则系综canonical formula 极限构造式canonical variable 正则变量cantharides camphor 芫菁素cantharidin 芫菁素caoutchouc 生橡胶cap 盖罩;雷管capacitative current 容性电流capacity 容量capacity current 容性电流capillar activity 毛细活性capillarimeter 毛细管检液仪capillarity 毛细管现象capillary action 毛细管酌capillary active substance 毛细管活动物质capillary analysis 毛细管分析capillary attraction 毛细管引力capillary condensation 毛细管凝聚capillary electrometer 毛细管静电计capillary gas chromatography 毛细管气相色谱capillary phenomenon 毛细管现象capillary pipet 毛细吸管capillary tube 毛细管capillary tube method 毛细管法capillary viscometer 毛细管粘度计capillator 毛细管比色计capillometer 毛细管测试仪caprate 癸酸盐capric acid 癸酸caproic acid 己酸caprolactam 己内酰胺capronaldehyde 己醛caprone 卡普纶capryl acetate 醋酸己酯caprylic acid 辛酸caprylic alcohol 辛醇caprylic aldehyde 辛醛capsaicin 辣椒素capsaicine 辣椒素capsanthin 辣椒质capsule 胶囊captan 卡菌丹captax 卡普踏克斯capture 捕获caramel 焦糖carane 蒈carat 开caraway oil 苋蒿子油carbamate 氨基甲酸盐carbamic acid 氨基甲酸carbamide 脲carbamyl chloride 氨基甲酰氯carbanilide 碳酰替carbanion 负碳离子carbazole 咔唑carbene 炭青质carbene complex 碳烯复体carbenium ion 碳正离子carbide 碳化钙carbide furnace 碳化炉carbide slag 碳化物炉渣carbinol 甲醇carbocation 阳碳离子carbocyclic compound 碳环化合物carbohydrase 糖酶carbohydrate 碳水化合物carboids 油焦质carbolic acid 石碳酸carbolic oil 酚油carbon 碳carbon arc 碳弧carbon black 炭黑carbon brick 碳砖carbon brush 炭刷carbon chain 碳链carbon compound 碳化合物carbon content 碳含量carbon dioxide 二氧化碳carbon disulfide 二硫化碳carbon electrode 炭精电极carbon fiber 碳纤维carbon film resistor 碳膜电阻器carbon hexachloride 六氯乙烷carbon monoxide 一氧化碳carbon paper 炭纸carbon residue 炭渣carbon steel 碳钢carbon tetrachloride 四氯化碳carbonado 黑金刚石carbonatation 碳酸化carbonate 碳酸盐carbonate fusion 碳酸盐熔融carbonic acid 碳酸carbonic acid assimilation 碳酸同化carbonic acid gas 碳酸气carbonic anhydride 碳酐carbonium ion 阳碳离子carbonization 碳化carbonmonoxyhemoglobin 一氧化碳血红蛋白carbonyl bromide 碳酰溴carbonyl chloride 碳酰氯carbonyl compound 羰基化合物carbonyl group 羰基carbonyl reagent 羰基试剂carbonyl sulfide 硫化羰carbonylation 羰基化carborundum 金刚砂carborundum brick 金刚砂砖carborundum paper 砂纸carboxyl group 羧基carboxylase 羧基酶carboxylation 羧化carboxylic 类羧酸的carboxylic acid 羧酸carboxymethyl cellulose 羧甲基纤维素carboxypeptidase 羧肽酶carboy 酸瓶carboy tilter 酸坛倾架carburan 铀铅沥青carburation 增热carburetor 增热器carburetted water gas 增烃水煤气carburization 渗碳carbylamine 胩carcass 构架carcinogens 致癌物cardamon 小豆蔻cardamon oil 小豆蔻油cardboard 纸板cardiac glycoside 强心苷cardiolipin 心脂质cardiotonic drug 强心剂carene 蒈烯carmine 胭脂红carmine lake 胭脂红色料carminic acid 胭脂红酸carnallite 光卤石carnauba wax 加洛巴蜡carnaubic acid 廿四酸carnitine 肉毒碱carnosine 肌肽carnot's cycle 卡诺循环carnot's theorem 卡诺定理carotene 胡萝卜素carotenoid 类胡萝卜素carotin 胡萝卜素carotinoid 类胡萝卜素carrier 载体carrier distillation 载体蒸馏carrier gas 载气carry over 携带carthamin 红花黄carton 纸板cartridge 弹药筒carvacrol 香芹酚carvone 香芹酮caryophyllene 丁子香烯caryophyllin 丁子香素cascade 级联阶式蒸发器cascade refrigerating system 级联冷冻系统cascade shower 级联簇射case hardening 表面硬化casein 酪朊casein glue 酪蛋白胶casein paint 酪朊涂料casein plastic 酪朊塑料caseinogen 酪朊原casing 外壳casing head gasoline 天然汽油casing of a boiler 锅炉围壁cassel brown 颜料棕casserole 勺皿cassia oil 肉桂油cassiopeium 镥cast resin 铸型尸castable refractories 耐火浆料castings 铸造物castor oil 蓖麻油catabolism 异化酌catabolite 降解产物catalase 过氧化氢酶catalysis 催化catalyst 催化剂catalyst carrier 催化剂载体catalyst selectivity 催化剂选择性catalyst surface area 催化剂表面积catalytic action 催化酌catalytic activity sequence 催化活性序列catalytic analysis 催化分析catalytic aromatization 催化芳化catalytic combustion 催化燃烧catalytic cracking 催化分解catalytic hydrogenation 催化氢化catalytic oxidation 催化氧化catalytic poison 催化毒catalytic polymerization 催化聚合catalytic reaction 催化反应catalytic reduction 催化还原catalytic reforming 催化改质catalyzer 催化剂cataphoresis 电泳catastrophe theory 突变理论catcher 捕集器catechin 八茶酸catechol 八茶酚catecholamine 八茶酚胺catenane 套环烷catgut 肠线catharometer 气体分析仪catharometry 气体分析法cathepsin 组织蛋白酶cathetometer 测高计cathode 阴极cathode drop 阴极电势降cathode efficiency 阴极效率cathode fall 阴极电势降cathode layer 阴极层cathode luminescence 阴极发光cathode ray 阴极射线cathode ray luminescence 阴极射线发光cathode ray oscillograph 阴极线示波器cathodic inhibitor 阴极抑制剂cathodic polarization 阴极极化cathodic protection 阴极防蚀cathodic reaction 阴极反应cathodic reduction 阴极还原catholyte 阴极电解液cation 阳离子cation exchange 阳离子交换cation exchange membrane 阳离子交换膜cation exchange resin 阳离子交换尸cation soap 阳离子皂cationic detergent 阳离子型洗涤剂cationic dye 阳离子染料cationic heteroatom 阳异原子cationic polymerization_ 阳离子聚合cationic surface active agent 阳离子表面活性剂cationic surfactant 阳离子表面活性剂cationoid reagent 阳离子试剂cationotropy 阳离子移变caulking compound 嵌缝填料causality 因果律caustic alkali 苛性碱caustic baryta 氢氧化钡caustic lime 苛性石灰caustic potash 氢氧化钾caustic soda 苛性苏打caustic wash 碱洗causticity 苛性度caustification 苛化cavitation 空穴现象cedar oil 雪松油cedrene 雪松烯ceiling temperature 顶棚温度celestine 天青石celestite 天青石celite c 盐cell 电池;细胞cell constant 电池常数cellobiase 纤维二糖酶cellobiose 纤维二糖cellophane 玻璃纸cellosolve 溶纤剂cellular constituent 细胞成分cellular plastics 泡沫塑料cellular rubber 海绵橡胶cellular structure 细胞状结构cellulase 纤维酶celluloid 赛珞璐cellulose 纤维素cellulose acetate 乙酰纤维素cellulose acetate butyrate 醋酸丁酸纤维素cellulose acetate fiber 醋酸纤维素纤维cellulose acetate rayon 醋酸纤维素人造丝cellulose ester 纤维素酯cellulose ether 纤维素醚cellulose filler 纤维填料cellulose glycolate 羧甲基纤维素cellulose hydrate 纤维素水合物cellulose micell 纤维素微胞cellulose nitrate 硝酸纤维素cellulose nitrate acetate 硝基乙酸纤维素cellulose plastics 纤维素塑料cellulose propionate 丙酸纤维素cellulose triacetate 三醋酸纤维素cellulose xanthate 黄原酸纤维素celsius scale 摄氏温标celsius thermometer 摄氏温度计cement 水泥cement clinker 水泥烧块cement copper 淀积铜cement mortar 水泥灰奖cement paste 水泥浆cementation 渗碳cementing material 粘合剂cementite 渗碳体center of mass 质量中心center of symmetry 对称中心centinormal 1%当量浓度的centipoise 厘泊centistoke 厘司central force 中心力central force field 中心力场central limit theorem 中心极限定理centrifugal analysis 离心分析centrifugal casting 离心铸造centrifugal compressor 离心压缩机centrifugal dehydrator 离心脱水机centrifugal extractor 离心萃取器centrifugal fan 离心通风机centrifugal force 离心力centrifugal governor 离心蒂器centrifugal pump 离心泵centrifugal sedimentation 离心沉降centrifugal separator 离心分离器centrifugal washer 离心洗涤器centrifugation 离心分离centrifuge refining 离心精制centripetal force 向心力cephaeline 吐根酚碱cephaline 脑磷脂ceramic industry 陶瓷工业ceramic membrane 陶瓷膜ceramics 陶瓷ceramography 陶瓷相学ceramoplastics 陶瓷塑料cerargyrite 角银矿cerate 蜡剂cereal 谷物cerebronic acid 脑酮酸cerebroside 脑甘脂ceresin 木炭ceresine 地蜡ceria 二氧化铈ceric oxide 二氧化铈ceric sulfate 硫酸高铈cerimetric titration 铈滴定cerimetry 铈滴定cerium 铈cerium chloride 氯化铈cerium hydroxide 氢氧化铈cerium nitrate 硝酸铈cerium oxalate 草酸铈cermet 金属陶瓷cerosin 木炭cerotic acid 蜡酸cerous compounds 三氯化铈cerous hydroxide 氢氧化铈cerous nitrate 硝酸铈cerous oxalate 草酸铈cerous salt 三价铈盐cerous sulfate 硫酸铈ceruse 碳酸铅白cerussite 白铅矿ceryl alcohol 蜡醇cesium 铯cesium alum 铯矾cesium chloride 氯化铯cesium sulfate 硫酸铯cessation reaction 终止反应cetane 鲸蜡烷cetane number 十六烷值cetene 鲸蜡烯cetin 鲸蜡素cetyl alcohol 鲸蜡醇cetylic acid 棕榈酸chadacryst 捕获晶chain 链chain carrier 链载体chain compound 链化合物chain initiation reaction 链引发反应chain isomerism 链异构chain molecule 链型分子chain polymer 链型聚合物chain polymerization 链锁聚合chain propagation reaction 链增长反应chain reaction 链锁反应chain scission 断链chain structure 链结构chain termination 链终止反应chain transfer agent 链转移剂chain transfer reaction 链转移反应chair conformation 椅式构象chair form 椅型chalcanthite 胆矾chalcedony 玉髓chalcocite 辉铜矿chalcogen 氧族chalcogenide 氧族化合物chalcone 查耳酮chalcophile element 亲铜元素chalcopyrite 黄铜矿chalcosine 辉铜矿chalcostibite 硫铜锑矿chalk 白垩chalking 垩化chalybite 菱铁矿chamber acid 铅室酸chamber crystals 铅室晶格chamber dryer 箱式干燥机chamber kiln 房式炉chamber process 铅室法chameleon solution 哈美龙溶液chamotte 熟耐火粘土chamotte brick 耐火砖channel 通道channel black 槽法炭黑characteristic curve 特性曲线characteristic equation 特性方程characteristic radiation 特性辐射characteristic x rays 特性x 射线characterization 表征表示特性characterization factor 特性系数charcoal 木炭charcoal blast furnace 木炭鼓风炉charcoal filter 木炭过滤器charcoal gas 木炭气charcoal iron 木炭铁charcoal power 木炭粉charge 电荷;填充;充电charge cloud 电荷云charge conjugation 电荷共轭charge transfer complex 电荷转移络合物charged particle 带电粒子charged species 带电粒种charger 装料机charging 装料charging apparatus 装料设备charging current 充电电流charging hopper 装料斗charging pump 供给泵charpy impact test 单梁式冲辉验charring 碳化chaulmoogra oil 大枫子油check 检查;裂纹check analysis 检验分析check test 检查试验cheese 干酪chelate 螯合chelate compound 螯形化合物chelate effect 螯合效应chelate resin 螯合型尸chelate ring 螯形环chelating agent 螯合剂chelating ion exchange resin 螯合离子交换尸chelating ligand 螯形配合基chelation 螯合chelatometric titration 螯合滴定chelatometry 螯合滴定法chelerythrine 白屈菜季铵碱chelidonic acid 白屈菜酸chemical actinometer 化学光量计chemical action 化学酌chemical activity 化学活性chemical affinity 化学亲和力chemical analysis 化学分析chemical apparatus 化学仪器chemical atomic weight 化学原子量chemical balance 化学天平chemical bleaching 化学漂白chemical bond 化学键chemical change 化学变化chemical cleaning 化学脱垢chemical composition 化学组成chemical compound 化合物chemical constitution 化学结构chemical corrosion 化学腐蚀chemical creep 化学蠕变chemical decomposition 化学分解chemical dosimeter 化学剂量计chemical dosimetry 化学剂量测定chemical element 化学元素chemical energy 化学能chemical engineer 化学工程师chemical engineering 化学工程chemical equation 化学方程式chemical equilibrium 化学平衡chemical equivalent 化学当量chemical erosion 化学侵蚀chemical evolution 化学进化chemical fertilizer 化学肥料chemical formula 化学式chemical glass 化学玻璃chemical indicator 化学指示剂chemical industry 化学工业chemical ion pump 化学离子泵chemical kinetics 化学动力学chemical laser 化学激光器chemical mechanism 化学机理chemical modification 化学改质chemical nomenclature 化学命名法chemical oxygen demand 化学需氧量chemical physics 化学物理学chemical plant 化工厂chemical polarization 化学极化chemical polishing 化学抛光chemical porcelain 化学瓷器chemical potential 化学势chemical process 化学过程chemical property 化学性质chemical pulp 化学纸浆chemical rays 化学射线chemical reaction 化学反应chemical reactor 化学反应器chemical relaxation method 化学松弛法chemical resistance 耐化学性chemical ripening 化学熟成chemical seasoning 化学刀剂chemical sensitization 化学增感chemical sensor 化学传感剂chemical shift 化学位移chemical shift anisotropy 化学位移异向性chemical simulation 化学模拟法chemical stoneware 耐酸陶器chemical stress relaxation 化学应力松弛chemical structure 化学结构chemical symbol 化学符号chemical synthesis 化学合成chemical technology 化学工艺学chemical thermodynamics 化学热力学chemical treatment 化学处理chemical weapon 化学武器chemically pure 化学纯chemicals 化学药品chemichromatography 化学色谱法chemicophysics 化学物理学chemiground wood pulp 化学磨木浆chemiluminescence 化学发光chemism 化学机理chemisorption 化学吸着chemist 化学家chemistry 化学chemization 化学化chemoautotrophy 化学自养chemobiodynamics 化学生物动力学chemofossils 化学化石chemography 化学成分图解法chemomagnetization 化学磁化chemometrics 化学计量学chemometry 化学计量chemonite 亚砷铜铵chemorheology 化学龄学chemosensitivity 化学敏感性chemosmosis 化学渗透chemosynthesis 化学合成chemotherapeutic 化学治疗剂chemotherapy 化学疗法chemotoxic zone 化学毒性带chenopodium oil 土荆芥油chi square distribution 卡方分布chi square test 卡方检验chicle 糖胶屎chile nitre 智利硝石chiller 激冷器冷冻机chilling machine 激冷器冷冻机chimyl alcohol 鲛肝醇china clay 瓷土china wood oil 桐油chinese ink 中国墨chip 碎片chiral molecules 手性分子chirality 手赵称性chitin 甲壳质chitinase 壳质酶chitosamine 壳糖胺chitosan 壳聚糖chloral 氯醛chloral formamide 氯醛甲酰胺chloral hydrate 水合氯醛chloralose 氯醛糖chloramine 氯胺chloramphenicol 氯胺苯醇chloranil 氯醌chlorate 氯酸盐chlorazide 叠氮化氯chlordane 氯丹chlorhydrination 氯配位水分子chloric acid 氯酸chloride 氯化物chloridometry 氯测量法chlorinated biphenyl 氯化联苯chlorinated lime 漂白粉chlorinated rubber 氯化橡胶chlorination 氯化酌;氯化chlorine 氯chlorine bleaching 氯漂白chlorine consumption 耗氯量chlorine detonating gas 氯爆鸣气chlorine gas 氯气chlorine peroxide 二氧化氯chlorine water 氯水chlorite 亚氯酸盐chloro bromide paper 氯溴化银纸chloroacetate 氯醋酸盐chloroacetic acid 氯醋酸chloroauric acid 氯金酸chloroazotic acid 王水chlorobenzene 氯苯chlorobutanol 氯代丁醇chloroethylene 氯乙烯chloroform 氯仿chlorogold acid 氯金酸chlorohydrin 氯代醇chlorohydrine 氯醇chloromethane 甲基氯chloromethylation 氯甲基化酌chlorometry 氯量滴定法chloronaphthalene 氯萘chlorophyll 叶绿素chloropicrin 氯化苦chloroplatinate 氯铂酸盐chloroplatinic acid 氯铂酸chloroplatinite 氯亚铂酸盐chloroplatinous acid 氯亚铂酸chloroprene 氯丁二烯chloroprene rubber 氯丁二烯橡胶chloropropylene oxide 氯丙撑氧chlorosulfonic acid 氯磺酸chlorotetracycline 氯四环素chlorotrifluoroethylene 氯三氟乙烯chlorous acid 亚氯酸chlorphenol red 氯酚红choke damp 窒息气cholesteric state 胆甾醇状态cholesterine 胆甾醇cholesterol 胆甾醇cholic acid 胆酸choline 胆碱choline esterase 胆碱酯酶chondrite 球粒陨石chondroitin 软骨碱chondromucoid 软骨粘蛋白chondrosamine 软骨糖胺chop type feeder 断续式给料器chorda chirurgicalis 肠线chroma 色度感chromate 铬酸盐chromatic aberration 色象差chromatic color 彩色chromaticity 色度chromaticity diagram 色度图chromatogram 色谱图chromatographic adsorption 色层吸附chromatographic analysis 色层分析法chromatography 色层法chrome alum 铬矾chrome brick 铬砖chrome dye 铬染料chrome green 铬绿chrome iron ore 铬铁矿chrome leather 铬革chrome magnesite brick 铬镁砖chrome mordant 铬媒染剂chrome orange 铬橙chrome plating 镀铬chrome red 铬红chrome tanning 铬chrome yellow 铬黄chromic acid 铬酸chromic acid mixture 铬酸混和液chromic anhydride 铬酸酐chromic chloride 氯化铬chromic oxide 铬绿chromic salt 三价铬盐chromite 亚铬酸盐chromite brick 铬砖chromium 铬chromium acetate 醋酸铬chromium chloride 氯化铬chromium compound 铬化合物chromium hydroxide 氢氧化铬chromium oxide 铬绿chromium plating 镀铬chromium sulfate 硫酸铬chromium trioxide 三氧化铬chromogen 色原chromoisomerism 异色异构chromone 色酮chromophore 发色团chromoprotein 色素蛋白chromoscope 色度计chromosome 染色体chromotropic acid 铬变酸chromous salt 亚铬盐chromyl chloride 铬酰氯chronoamperometry 计时安培分析法chronopotentiometry 计时电位滴定法chrysene 屈chrysin 白杨黄素chrysoberyl 金绿宝石chrysoidine 柯衣汀chrysolite 橄榄石chrysophenine 直接菊黄chymosin 凝乳酶chymotrypsin 胰凝乳蛋白酶chymotrypsinogen 胰凝乳蛋白酶原cigarette burning 端面燃烧ciguatoxin 雪卡毒素cinchona alkaloid 金鸡纳生物碱cinchona bark 金鸡纳胜cinchonine 辛可宁cinder 煤渣;熔渣cineole 桉试cinnabar 朱砂cinnamate 肉桂酸盐cinnamic acid 肉桂酸cinnamic alcohol 肉桂醇cinnamic aldehyde 肉桂醛cinnamon oil 肉桂油cinnoline 噌啉circuit element 线路元件circular chromatography 环形色谱法circular deoxyribonucleic acid 环状脱氧核糖核酸circular dichroism 圆二色性circular motion 圆运动circulating pump 循环泵cis 顺式cis form 顺式cis isomer 顺式异构体cis isomerism 顺式异构cis position 顺位cis trans isomerism 顺反异构citral 柠檬醛citrate 柠檬酸盐citric acid 柠檬酸citric acid fermentation 柠檬酸发酵citronella oil 香茅油citronellal 香茅醛citronellol 香茅醇citrulline 瓜氨酸city gas 城市气civetone 香猫酮claisen condensation 克莱森缩合claisen flask 克莱森瓶clamp 钳clarain 亮煤clarification 澄清clarifier 澄清剂clarifying agent 澄清剂clarite 硫砷铜矿clarity 透萌clark cell 克拉克电池clarke number 克拉克数classical quantum theory 经典量子论classification 分类classifier 分级器分粒器clathrate compound 包含化合物clathrate polymerization 笼形包合clay 粘土clay mineral 粘土矿物clay refining 白土精制clay regeneration 白土再生clean surface 清洁表面cleaner 净化器cleaning agent 净化剂cleanser 净化剂clear lacquer 清喷漆clearity 透萌cleavage 劈开cleveite 钇铀矿cleveland tester 克利夫兰试验器clinker 熔块clinker brick 炼砖clinker mineral 烧结矿物clinograph 孔斜计clip 夹cloisonne 景泰蓝closed cup flash test 闭杯闪点试验closed cycle 闭路closed shell 闭壳clot 凝固cloud chamber 云室cloud point 浊点clove oil 丁香油cluster compound 簇状化合物cluster expansion 集团展开cluster ion 离子群coacervate 凝聚层coacervation 凝聚coadsorption 共吸附coagel 凝聚胶coagulant 凝聚剂coagulase 凝洁酶coagulating bath 凝固浴coagulation 凝结coagulation of blood 血液凝结coagulation value 凝结值coagulative power 凝结力coal 煤coal carbonization 焦化coal dressing 选煤coal dust 煤粉coal gas 煤气coal gasification 煤气化coal preparation 选煤coal property 煤质coal sludge 煤淤泥coal tar 煤焦油coal tar dyes 煤焦油染料coal tar oil 煤焦油coal tar pitch 煤焦油沥青coalification 煤化酌coarse crushing 粗碎coarse grained 粗颗粒的coated fabric 涂层织物coating material 涂料cobalt 钴cobalt bloom 钴华cobalt blue 钴蓝cobalt carbide 碳化钴cobalt chloride 氯化钴cobalt compound 钴化合物cobalt glass 钴玻璃cobalt green 钴绿cobalt hydroxide 氢氧化钴cobaltic chloride 氯化高钴cobaltite 辉钴矿cobaltous chloride 氯化亚钴cocaine 可卡因cocarboxylase 辅羧酶cocatalyst 助催化剂cochineal 胭脂虫红cochineal solution 胭脂红溶液cock 栓coconut oil 椰子油cod liver oil 鱼肝油codeine 可待因codimer 共二聚体codon 码字coefficient 系数coefficient of cubic expansion 体积膨胀系数coefficient of friction 摩擦系数coefficient of linear expansion 线膨胀系数coefficient of mass transfer 质量传递系数coefficient of thermal conductivity 导热系数coefficient of variation 变异系数coefficient of viscosity 粘度系数coenzyme 辅酶coffeine 咖啡因coherence 相干性coherent scattering 相干散射cohesion 内聚cohesive energy 内聚能cohesive energy density 内聚能密度cohesive force 内聚力coil condenser 旋管冷凝器coil pipe 蛇管coincidence boundary 重合边界coincidence method 符合法cokability 成焦性coke 焦炭coke breeze 焦炭屑coke oven 炼焦炉coke oven gas 焦炉煤气coke oven plant 炼焦炉设备coke oven tar 焦炉焦油coking 炼焦coking coal 炼焦用煤coking property 成焦性colchicine 秋水仙碱colcothar 褐红色铁氧化物cold bath 冷浴cold calendering 冷轧光cold cream 冷膏cold crushing strength 低温压碎强度cold drawing 冷拔cold flow 冷流cold lime soda process 冷石灰苏打法cold molding 冷压cold mordanting 冷媒染cold polymerization 冷聚合cold press 冷压cold resistance 冷态电阻cold rubber 冷聚合橡胶cold setting adhesive 冷固胶cold setting glue 冷固胶cold storage 冷藏cold stretch 冷拉伸cold test 冷试验cold vulcanization 冷硫化cold work 冷加工collagen 骨胶原collargol 胶体银collection trap 收集阱collective model 集体模型collector 捕集剂collidine 可力丁colligative properties 依数性collision 碰撞collision distance 碰撞距离collision theory 碰撞理论collodion 火胶collodion cotton 胶棉collodion emulsion 火胶乳液collodion wool 胶棉colloid 胶体colloid chemistry 胶体化学colloid mill 胶体磨colloidal catalyst 胶质催化剂colloidal electrolyte 胶态电解质colloidal fuel 胶态燃料colloidal graphite 胶体石墨colloidal particle 胶粒colloidal silver 胶体银colloidal solution 胶体溶液colloidal state 胶态colloidal structure 胶状结构colloidal substance 胶质colloidal sulphur 胶态硫colloidal system 胶态物系colloidal titration 胶体滴定collotype 珂罗版colloxylin 胶棉colophony 松香color acid 色酸color center 彩色中心color change interval 变色间隔color combination 配色color comparator 比色仪color comparison tube 比色管color coupler 彩色偶合剂color development 彩色显影color disk 色盘color fastness 染色坚牢度color filler 彩色填充剂color filter 滤色片color index 比色指数color matching 配色color material 色材color mill 颜料研磨机color photography 彩色照相color pyrometer 色测高温计color reaction 显色反应color saturation 色饱和度color scale 比色刻度尺color sensation 彩色感觉color sensitizer 彩色感光剂color sensitizing 彩色增感color sensitizing dye 彩色增感染料color separation 彩色分离color stability 彩色稳定性color standard 色标准color tone 色调colorant 着色剂coloration 着色colored glass 有色玻璃colored glaze 色彩釉colored plating 有色镀金colored portland cement 有色波特兰水泥colorimeter 比色计colorimetric analysis 比色分析colorimetric determination 比色法colorimetric titration 比色滴定colorimetry 比色法coloring 着色coloring agent 着色剂coloring matter for food 食用色素coloring metal 着色金属coloring power 着色力columbin 咖伦宾columbium 钶column 塔column chromatography 柱状色谱分离法column development chromatography 柱展开色谱column plate 塔板column still 分馏柱column tower 孔板塔colza oil 菜籽油comb structure 梳状结构combination 化合combination principle 并合原理combined carbon 结合碳combined chlorine content 化合氯量combined sulfur 化合硫combined water 结合水combining weight 化合量combustibility 可燃性combustible 可燃物combustible gas 可燃气体combustion 燃烧combustion analysis 燃烧分析combustion apparatus 燃烧装置combustion boat 燃烧舟combustion chamber 燃烧室combustion efficiency 燃烧效率combustion furnace 燃烧炉combustion gas 燃烧气体combustion heat 燃烧热combustion method 燃烧方法combustion pipet 燃烧球管combustion product 燃烧产物combustion reaction 燃烧反应combustion temperature 燃烧温度combustion test 燃烧试验combustion tube 燃烧管combustion velocity 燃烧速度combustion zone 燃烧区commercial fertilizer 商品肥料common glass 普通玻璃common ion effect 共同离子效应common salt 食盐communicating vessels 连通器commutation relation 交换关系commutative group 可换群commutator 对易子comonomer 共聚用单体comparative method 比较法comparator 比较器comparison liquid 比较液compartment dryer 箱式干燥机compatibility 相容性compensating lead 补偿导线compensation method 补偿法competitive inhibition 竞争性抑制compiler 自动编码器complementary color 互补色complete analysis 完全分析complete combustion 完全燃烧complete differential 恰当微分complete gasification 完全气化complete manure 完全肥料complete saturation 完全饱和complete treatment of nepheline 霞石完全处理complex 络合物complex catalyst 络合催化剂complex chromatography 络合物色谱法complex compound 络合物complex ion 络离子complex number 复数complex radical 复基complex reaction 复合反应complex salt 复盐complex treatment of sea water 海水综合处理complexing agent 络化剂complexometric titration 络合滴定法complexometry 络合滴定法component 组分composite material 复合材料composite particle 复合粒子composite yeast 复合酵母composition 组成compost 堆肥compound 化合物compound fertilizer 复合肥料compound lipid 复合脂质compound microscope 复式显微镜compound protein 复合蛋白compressed air 压缩空气compressed gas 压缩气体compressed petroleum gas 液化石油气体compressed yeast 压缩酵母compressibility 压缩性compressible fluid 可压缩性铃compression 压缩compression ignition 压缩点火compression molding 压缩模compression ratio 压缩率compression set 压缩永久变形compression stroke 压缩行程compressive strength 耐压强度compressor 压缩机compressor oil 压缩机油computed tomography 计算断层照相法computer 电子计算机computer chemistry 计算机化学computer control 计算机控制conalbumin 伴白朊concentrate 浓缩物concentrated acid 浓酸concentrated latex 浓缩胶乳concentrated nitric acid 浓硝酸concentrated solution 浓溶液concentrated sulfuric acid 浓硫酸concentration 浓度;浓缩concentration cell 浓差电池concentration gradient 浓度梯度concentration limit 极限浓度concentration overvoltage 浓差超电势concentration polarization 浓差极化concentration potential 浓差电势concentratometer 浓度计concentrator 浓缩器concrete 混凝土concrete mixer 混凝土机condensate 冷凝物condensation 冷凝condensation chamber 冷凝室condensation curve 冷凝曲线condensation polymerization 缩合聚合condensation product 缩合物condensation reaction 缩合反应condensation resin 缩合尸condensed borate 聚合硼酸盐condensed film 凝聚膜condensed phosphate 多聚磷酸酯condensed ring 稠环condensed water 冷凝水condenser 冷凝器condenser lens 聚光透镜condenser paper 电容平condenser spark 电容火花condensing agent 缩合剂condensing mirror 聚光镜condensing tower 冷凝塔condition of equilibrium 平衡条件conditional stability constant 条件稳定常数conditioning 第conductance 传导性conductance water 电导水conducting paint 电导性涂料conducting polymer 导电聚合物conduction electron 传导电子conductive rubber 导电橡胶conductivity 传导性conductivity measuring apparatus 电导率测量装置conductivity watrer 电导水conductometer 电导计conductometric analysis 电导分析法conductometric titration 电导滴定法conductor 导体cone 锥cone classifier 锥形分级机cone crusher 锥形压碎机configuration 构型configuration interaction 构型相互酌confining liquid 封闭液confirmation 证实confirmatory reaction 验证反应conformation 构象conformational analysis 构象分析congelation 凝固congestin 海葵毒素conglomerate 砾岩congo red 刚果红congo red test paper 刚果红试纸conhydrine 毒芹羟碱conical ball mill 锥形球磨机conical beaker 锥形瓶conical quartering 锥形四分法coniferol 松柏醇coniferyl alcohol 松柏醇coniine hydrobromide 氢溴酸欧毒芹硷conjugate acid 共轭酸conjugate acid base pair 共轭酸碱偶conjugate addition 共轭加成conjugate base 共轭碱conjugate fiber 双组分纤维conjugate point 共轭点conjugated diene 共轭二烯conjugated double bond 共轭双键conjugated lipid 结合脂质conjugated polyene 共轭聚烯conjugated polymers 共轭聚合物conjugated protein 结合蛋白质conjugated system 共轭系conjugation 共轭conjugation effect 共轭效应consecutive reaction 连锁反应conservative system 保守系consistency 稠度consistometer 稠度计consolute temperature 混溶温度constant 常数constant boiling mixture 恒沸点混合物constant current electrolysis 恒电羚解constant error 固定误差constant moistened sample 恒湿样品constant potential electrolysis 恒电压电解constant pressure gas thermometer 定压气体温度计constant rate drying 恒速干燥constant temperature 定温constant weight 恒重constantan 康铜constituent 构成constitution 结构constitution water 化合水constitutional formula 结构式constitutional isomer 结构异构体constitutive enzyme 组成酶constitutive property 结构性contact acid 接触酸contact action 接触酌contact adhesive 压合式粘合剂contact catalyst 接触催化剂contact corrosion 接触腐蚀contact electricity 接触电contact electrode 接触电极contact filtration 接触过滤。

化工专业英语词汇化学专业课程中英文对照普通化学General Chemistry分析化学Analytical Chemistry有机化学Organic Chemistry物理化学Physical Chemistry谱学导论Introducton of Spectroscopy无机化学Inorganic Chemistry普通化学和分析化学实验Experiments of General and Analytical Chemistry现在基础化学The Principle of Mordern Chemistry现在基础化学实验Experiments of Modern Fundamental Chemistry有机化学实验Experiments of Organic Chemistry仪器分析和物理化学实验Experiments of Instrumental Analysis and Physical Chemistry 合成化学实验Experiments of Synthetic Chemistry现代化学专题Topic of Modern Chemistry化学综合实验Experiments of Comprehensive Chemistry化工原理Principle of Chemical Engineering化工原理实验Experiments of Chemical Engineering应用化学实验Experiments of Applied Chemistry无机合成化学Synthetic Inorganic Chemistry近代分析化学Modern Analytical Chemistry分离分析化学Separation Analytical Chemistry有机化合物波谱鉴定Spectrum Identification of Organic Compounds有机合成及反应机理Organic Synthesis and Mechanics化学进展Progress in Chemistry化学反应工程Chemical Reaction Engineering应用电化学Applied Electrochemistry工业催化Industrial Catalysis环境化学Environmental Chemistry环境监测Environmental Monitoring化学科技英语Scientific English for Chemistry数理方法在化学中的应用Mathematical Statistics for Chemistry 化工制图Chemical Engineering Cartography计算机与化学测量实验Computer and Chemical Measurement 化学信息学Chemoinformatics or Chemical Informatics应用化学专题Special Topicsin Applied Chemistry一、化工装置常用词汇一概论introduction方案(建议书) proposal可行性研究feasibility study方案设计concept design工艺设计process design基础设计basic design详细设计detail design开工会议kick-off meeting审核会议review meeting 外商投资foreign investment中外合资joint venture中外合营joint venture补偿贸易compensation trade合同合同附件contract卖方vendor买方buyer顾客client承包商contractor工程公司company供应范围scope of supply生产范围production scope生产能力production capacity项目project界区battery limit装置plant公用工程utilities工艺流程图process flow diagram工艺流程方块图process block diagram管道及仪表流程图piping and instrument drawing物料及热量平衡图mass & heat balance d iagram蒸汽及冷凝水平衡图steam & condensate balance d iagram 设备布置图equipment layout设备表equipment list成品(产品) product(final product)副产品by-product原料raw-material设计基础数据basic data for design技术数据technical data数据表data sheet设计文件design document设计规定design regulation现场服务site service项目变更project change用户变更client change消耗定额consumption quota技术转让technical transfer技术知识technical know-howtechnical knowledge技术保证technical guarantee咨询服务consultative services技术服务technical services工作地点location施工现场construction field报价quotation标书bidding book公司利润company profit固定价合同fixed price contract固定单价合同fixed unit price contract成本加酬金合同cost plus award fee contract 定金mobilization银行保证书bank guarantee letter保留金retention所得税income taxes特别承包人税special contractor's taxes城市和市政税city and municipal taxes工作手册work manual工作流程图work flow diagram质量保证程序QA/QC procedures采购计划procurement plan施工计划construction plan施工进度construction schedule项目实施计划project execution plan项目协调程序project coordination procedure 项目总进度计划project master schedule设计网络计划engineering network logic项目质量保证project quality assurance项目质量控制project quality control采购procurement采购周期procurement period会签the squad check计算书calculation sheets询价inquiry检验inspection运输transportation开车start up / commission验收inspection & acceptance校核check审核review审定approve版次version部门department专业specialty项目号project number图号drawing number目录contents序言foreword章chapter节section项itemMR material requisitionSPEC engineering specificationDATA SHEET（技术表）technical data sheetTBA(技术评标）technical bid analysisPDP preliminary design packagePM (项目经理) project managerLDE( 专业负责人) lead discipline engineerMRQ( 材料询价单) Material requisition for quotationMRP(材料采购单) material requisition for purchaseBEP( 基础工程设计包) basic engineering packageP&ID( 管道及仪表流程图) piping and instrument d rawing(diagram) PFD process flow diagramNNF normally no flowFO failure openFC failure closeC/S/A civil/structure/architectureDDP （详细设计阶段）detail design phase二、工艺流程连续过程continuous process间歇过程batch process工艺叙述process description工艺特点process feature操作operation反应reaction副反应side reaction絮凝flocculation浮洗flotation倾析decantation催化反应catalytical reaction萃取extraction中和neutralization水解hydrolysis过滤filtration干燥drying还原reduction氧化oxidation氢化hydrogenation分解decomposition离解dissociation合成synthetics吸收absorption吸附adsorption解吸desorption结晶crystallization溶解solution调节modulate控制control悬浮suspension循环circulation再生regeneration再活化reactivation沥取leaching破碎crushing煅烧caloination沉降sedimentation沉淀precipitation气化gasification冷冻refrigeration固化、结晶solidification 包装package升华sublimation燃烧combustion引烧ignition蒸馏distillation碳化carbonization压缩compression三、化学物质及特性固体solid液体liquid气体gas化合物compound混合物mixture粉powder片状粉未flake小粒granule结晶crystal乳化物emulsion氧化物oxidizing agent还原剂reducing agent有机物organic material真空vacuum母液master liquor富液rich liquor贫液lean liquor萃出物extract萃余物raffinate絮凝剂flocculants冷冻盐水brine酸度acidity浓度concentration碱度alkalinity溶解度solubility凝固点solidificalion point 沸点boiling point熔点melting point蒸发率evaporation rate 粘度viscosity吸水的water absorbent(a) 无水的anhydrous(a)外观appearance无色的colorless(a)透明的transparent(a)半透明的translucent密度density比重specific gravity催化剂catalyst燃烧combustion引燃ignition自然点self-ignition temperature可燃气体combustible gas可燃液体inflammable liquid易燃液体volatile liquid爆炸混合物explosive mixture爆炸性环境explosive atmosphere(environment) 爆炸极限explosive concentration limit废水waste water废液waste liquid废气off-gas噪声noise pollution成分composition挠度deflection力和力矩force and moment弯矩bending moment应力-应变曲线stress-strain diagram百分比percentage环境温度ambient temperature工作温度operating设计温度design temperature(pressure)相对湿度RH=relative humidity油渣、淤泥sludge杂质impurity四、化工设备泵pump轴流泵axial flow pump真空泵vacuum pump屏蔽泵canned pump柱塞泵plunger pump涡轮泵turbine pump涡流泵vortex pump离心泵centrifugal pump喷射泵jet pump转子泵rotary pump管道泵inline pump双作用往复泵double action reciprocating pump计量泵metering pump深井泵deep well pump齿轮泵gear pump手摇泵hand(wobble) pump螺杆泵screw (spiral) pump潜水泵submersible pump斜转子泵inclined rotor pump封闭式电磁泵hermetically sealed magnetic drive pump 气升泵air-lift-pump轴承bearing叶轮impeller虹吸管siphon高压容器high pressure vessel焚化炉incinerator火焰清除器flame arrester工业炉furnace烧嘴burner锅炉boiler回转窑rotary kiln加热器heater电加热器electric heater 冷却器cooler冷凝器condenser换热器heat exchanger反应器reactor蒸馏釜still搅拌器agitator混合器mixer静态混合器static mixers 管道混合器line mixers 混合槽mixing tanks破碎机crusher磨碎机grinder研磨机pulverizer球磨机ballmill过滤器filter分离器separator干燥器drier翅片fins烟囱stack火炬flare筛子screen煅烧窑calciner倾析器decanter蒸发器evaporator再沸器reboiler萃取器extractor离心机centrifuger吸附（收）器adsorber结晶器crystallizer电解槽electrolyzer电除尘器electric precipitator洗涤器scrubber消石灰器slaker料仓bin料斗hopper加料器feeder增稠器thickener澄清器clarifier分级器classifier浮洗器flocculator废液池sump喷射器ejector喷头sprayer成套设备package unit仪器设备apparatus附属设备accessory旋转式压缩机rotary compressor往复式压缩机reciprocating compressor 水环式压缩机nash compressor螺杆式压缩机helical screw compressor 离心式压缩机centrifugal compressor 多级压缩机mutiple stages compressor 固定床反应器fixed bed reactor流化床反应器fluidized bed reactor管式反应器tubular reactor列管式换热器tubular heat exchanger螺旋板式换热器spiral plate heat exchanger 萃取塔extraction column板式塔plate column填料塔packed column洗涤塔scrubber吸收塔absorber冷却塔cooling tower精馏塔fractionating tower汽提塔stripper再生塔regenerator造粒塔prill tower塔附件tower accessories液体分配（布）器liquid distributor填料支持板support plate定距管spacer降液管downcomer升气管chimney顶(底)层塔盘top (bottom) tray挡板baffle抽出口draw nozzle溢流堰weir泡罩bubble cap筛板sieve plate浮阀float valve除沫器demister pad塔裙座skirt椭圆封头elliptical head高位槽head tank中间槽intermediate tank加料槽feed tank补给槽make-up tank计量槽measuring tank电解槽cell溜槽chute收集槽collecting tank液滴分离器knockout drum稀释罐thinning tank缓冲罐surge drum回流罐reflux drum闪蒸罐flash drum浮顶罐floating roof tank内浮顶罐covered floating roof tank 球罐spheroid气柜gas holder湿式气柜wet gas-holder干式气柜dry gas-holder螺旋式气柜helical gas-holder星型放料器,旋转阀rotary valve抽滤器mutche filter压滤器filter press压滤机pressure filter板框压滤器plate-and-fram filter press 转鼓过滤器rotary drum filter带式过滤器belt filter翻盘式过滤器袋滤器bag filter旋风分离器cyclone separator盘式干燥箱compartment tray drier真空干燥器vacuum drier隧道式干燥器tunnel drier回转干燥器rotary drier穿流循环干燥器through circulation drier 喷雾干燥器spray drier气流干燥器pneumatic conveyor drier圆盘式加料器dish feeder螺旋式加料器screw feeder颚式破碎机jaw crusher回转破碎机gyratory crusher滚洞破碎机roll crusher锤式破碎机hammer crusher冲击破碎机rotor impact breaker气流喷射粉碎机jet pulverizer棍磨机rod mill雷蒙机raymond mill锤磨机hammer mill辊磨机roller mill振动筛vibrating screen回转筛rotary screen风机fan罗茨鼓风机root's blower起重机crane桥式起重机bridge crane电动葫芦motor hoist发电机generator电动机motor汽轮机steam turbine五、管道工程piping engineering1阀门valve阀杆stem内螺纹阀杆inside screw阀座valve seat (body seat)阀座环、密封圈sealing ring阀芯(包括密封圈,杆等) trim阀盘disc阀体body阀盖bonnet手轮hand wheel手柄hand level (handle)压盖gland闸阀gate valve平行双闸板double disc parallel seat楔形单闸板split wedge截止阀globe valve节流阀throttle valve针阀needle valve角阀(角式截止阀) angle valveY 型阀(截止阀) Y-valve(Y-body globe valve) 球阀ball valve三通球阀3-way ball valve蝶阀butterfly valve对夹式(薄片型) wafer type偏心阀板蝶阀offset disc (eccentric) butterfly valve 斜阀盘蝶阀canted disc butterfly valve连杆式蝶阀link butterfly valve止回式蝶阀combined non-return butterfly valve 柱塞阀piston type valve旋塞阀plug valve三通旋塞阀three-way plug valve四通旋塞阀four-way plug valve旋塞cock衬套旋塞sleeve cock隔膜阀diaphragm valve橡胶衬里隔膜阀rubber lined diaphragm valve 直通式隔膜阀straight way diaphragm valve夹紧式胶管阀pinch valve止回阀check valve升降式止回阀lift check valve旋启式止回阀swing check valve落球式止回阀ball check valve弹簧球式止回阀spring ball check valve底阀foot valve切断式止回阀stop check valve活塞式止回阀piston check valve翻板止回阀flap check valve蝶式止回阀butterfly check valve安全泄气阀safety[SV]安全泄放阀relief v alve[RV]安全泄压阀safety relief valve杠杆重锤式lever and weight type罐底排污阀flush-bottom tank valve波纹管密封阀bellow sealed valve电磁阀solenoid (operated) valve电动阀electrically(electric-motor)operated valve 气动阀pneumatic operated valve低温用阀cryogenic service valve蒸汽疏水阀steam trap机械式疏水阀mechanical trap浮桶式疏水阀open (top) bucket trap浮球式疏水阀float trap倒吊桶式疏水阀inverted bucket trap自由浮球式疏水阀loose float trap恒温式疏水阀thermostatic trap压力平衡式恒温疏水阀balanced pressure thermostatic trap 热动力式疏水阀thermodynamic trap脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀impulse steam trap放汽阀(自动放汽阀) (automatic) air vent valve换向阀diverting (reversing) valve呼吸阀breather valve减压阀pressure reducing valve控制阀control valve执行机构actuator差压调节阀differential pressure regulating valve切断阀block (shut-off, stop) valve调节阀regulating valve快开阀quick opening valve快闭阀quick closing valve隔断阀isolating valve三通阀three way valve夹套阀jacketed valve非旋转式阀non-rotary valve2管子,管件,法兰管子pipe( 按标准制造的配管用管)tube( 不按标准规格制造的其它用管)钢管steel pipe铸铁管cast iron pipe衬里管lined pipe复合管clad pipe碳钢管carbon steel[C.S.]pipe合金钢管alloy steel pipe不锈钢管stainless steel[S.S.]pipe奥氏体不锈钢管austenitic stainless steel pipe铁合金钢管ferritic alloy steel pipe轧制钢管wrought-steel pipe锻铁管wrought-iron pipe无缝钢管seamless[SMLS] steel pipe焊接钢管welded steel pipe电阻焊钢管electric-resistance-welded steel pipe电熔(弧)焊钢板卷管electric-fusion(arc)-welded steel-plate pipe 螺旋焊接钢管spiral welded steel pipe镀锌钢管galvanized steel pipe排污阀blowdown valve集液排放阀drip valve排液阀drain valve放空阀vent valve卸载阀unloading valve排出阀discharge valve吸入阀suction valve取样阀sampling valve手动阀hand operated(manually-operated) valve(水)龙头bibb;bib;faucet抽出液阀(小阀) bleed valve旁路阀by-pass valve软管阀hose valve混合阀mixing valve破真空阀vacuum breaker冲洗阀flush valve根部阀root (primary, header) valve水煤气钢管water-gas steel p ipe塑料管plastic pipe玻璃管glass tube橡胶管rubber tube壁厚wall thickness[WT]壁厚系列号schedule number[SCH.NO.]加厚的,加强的extra heavy (strong)双倍加厚的,双倍加强的double extra heavy (strong) 弯头elbow异径弯头reducing elbow长半径弯头long radius elbow短半径弯头short radius elbow长半径180°弯头long radius return短半径180°弯头short radius return三通tee异径三通reducing tee等径三通straight tee带支座三通base tee45°斜三通45° lateralY 型三通true"Y"四通cross异径管reducer同心异径管concentric reducer偏心异径管eccentric reducer管接头coupling;full coupling活接头union短管nipple预制弯管fabricated pipe bendU 型弯管"U"bend法兰端flanged end万向接头universal joint对焊的butt welded[BW]螺纹的threaded[THD]承插焊的socket welded[SW]法兰flange[FLG]整体管法兰integral pipe flange钢管法兰steel pipe flange螺纹法兰threaded flange滑套法兰slip-on flange平焊法兰slip-on-welding flange承插焊法兰socket welding flange松套法兰lap joint flange[LJF]对焊法兰weld neck flange[WNF]法兰盖blind flange;blind异径法兰reducing flange压力级pressure rating(class)突面raised face[RF]凸面male face凹面female face全平面;满平面flat face;full face[FF]3.管道特殊件piping speciality粗滤器strainer过滤器filter临时过滤器temporary strainer(cone type) Y 型过滤器Y-type strainerT 型过滤器T-type strainer永久过滤器permanent filter洗眼器及淋浴器eye washer and shower 视镜sight glass阻火器flame arrester喷咀;喷头spray nozzle喷射器ejector取样冷却器sample cooler消音器silencer膨胀节expansion joint波纹膨胀节bellow补偿器compensator软管接头hose connection[HC] 快速接头quick coupling金属软管metal hose橡胶管rubber hose挠性管flexible tube特殊法兰special flange漏斗funnel 8 字盲板spectacle (figure 8) blind 爆破板rupture disk4,其它材料碳素钢carbon steel [C.S.]不锈钢stainless steel[S.S.]铸铁cast iron[C.I.]铝aluminum铜,紫铜copper钛titanium抗拉强度tensile strength非金属材料non-metallic material 塑料plastic陶瓷ceramic搪瓷porcelain enamel玻璃glass橡胶rubber垫片gasket[GSKT]平垫片flat gasket填料packing型钢shaped steel角钢angle steel槽钢channel工字钢I-beam宽缘工字钢或H 钢wide flanged beam扁钢flat bar圆钢round steel; rod钢带strap steel网络钢板checkered plate材料表bill of material[BOM]材料统计material take-off[MTO]散装材料bulk material综合管道材料表consolidated piping material summary sheet[CPMSS]汇总表summary sheet5.设备布置及管道设计中心线center line装置边界boundary limit[BL]区界area limit设备布置equipment arrangement (layout);plot plan标高,立面elevation[EL]支撑点point of support[POS]工厂北向plant north方位orientation危险区hazardous area classification净正吸入压头net positive suction head绝对标高absolute elevation坐标coordinate管道研究piping study管道布置平面piping arrangement p lan[PAP]管道布置piping assembly; layout详图detail"X"视图view "X""A-A" 剖视section "A-A"轴测图isometric drawing索引图key plan管道及仪表流程图piping and instrument diagram[P&ID] 管口表list of nozzles地上管道above ground piping地下管道under ground piping管线号line number总管header; manifold旁路by pass常开normally open常闭normally closed取样接口sampling connection伴热管tracing pipe蒸汽伴热steam tracing热水伴热hot-water tracing电伴热electrical tracing夹套管jacketed line全夹套管full jacketed比例scale图figure草图sketch 图例legend 符号symbol 件号part n。