新编化学化工专业英语汇编
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化工专业英语Volatile:挥发性的 Semipermeable membrane:半透膜 immiscible:不相混的 Debit:把….记入借方 Credit:记入贷方Electrical potential:电势 Leaching:浸提 Extraction:萃取 Direct current:直流 Instantaneous:瞬间的 Successive:连续的 Collision:碰撞 Impeller:叶轮 Wavelet analysis:微元分析 Entrainment:夹带 Breakage:破坏Attrition:磨损 Indispensable:不可缺少的 Trajectory:轨道 Acrylic:丙烯酸 Baffle:挡板 Ruffle:滋扰 Discharge:释放 circulation flow:环流attrition:磨损 nucleation:成核 Catalytic:催化 frequency:频率shutter:快门 inertia:惯性 Pitched:倾斜的 histogram:柱状图breakdown:破坏 Unit 14 Distillation Dumped or ordered packings:乱堆或整齐堆放填料 Plate:板 Tray:塔盘 Hold-down and support plates:固定和支撑板 Fraction:馏分 Cascading:成瀑布落下,分多级进行 Reboiler:再沸器Overhead condenser: 塔顶冷凝器 Reflux:回流 Distillate:馏出物Countercurrent:逆流 Relative volatility:相对挥发度 Rectifying section:精馏段 Stripping section:提留段 Sidestream:侧线馏分 Circumvent:回避Hypothetical:假设的 Equilibrium-stage:平衡级(理论板) Tray efficiency:塔板效率 The number of hypothetical equilibrium stages required is then converted to a number actual trays by means of tray efficiencies, which describe the extent to which the performance of actual contact tray duplicates the performance of an equilibrium stage 然后理论塔板数通过塔板效率被转换成实际塔板数;塔板效率是实际塔板表现和理论塔板表现的比值。
reaction kinetics 反应动力学reactant反应物purify精制提纯recycle循环回收unconverted reactant未转化的反应物chemical reactor transfer of heat, evaporation, crystallization 结晶drying干燥screening筛选,浮选chemical reaction 化学反应cracking of petroleum 石油裂解catalyst催化剂,reaction zone 反应区conservation of mass and energy 能量与质量守衡定律technical advance 技术进步efficiency improvement 效率提高reaction 反应separation 分离heat exchange 热交换reactive distillation 反应精馏capital expenditure 基建投资setup装置capital outlay 费用,成本,基建投资yield产率,收率reaction byproduct 反应副产物equilibrium constant 平衡常数waste废物feedstock进料,原料product产物,产品percent conversion百分比转化率ether乙醚gasoline 汽油oxygenate content 氧含量catalyst催化剂reactant反应物inert惰性物,不参加反应的物质reactive distillation 反应精馏energy saving节约能量energy efficiency 能量效率heat-sensitive material 热敏性物质pharmaceutical 制药foodstuff 食品gas diffusivity气体扩散性,气体扩散系数gas adsorption 吸收;absorption:吸附specialty chemical特殊化学品,特种化学品batch间歇的;continuous:连续的micro-reactor微型反应器hydrogen and methane oxidation氢气和甲烷氧化反应ethylene epoxidation乙烯环氧化反应phosgene synthesis 光气合成. commercial proportions 商业规模replication 复制sensor传感器,探头separation of solids 固体分离suspension 悬浮液porous medium 多孔介质filtration 过滤medium介质filter过滤器trap收集,捕集Buchner funnel 布氏漏斗Vacuum真空conical funnel 锥形漏斗filter paper 滤名氏area面积filter cake 滤饼factor因数,因子,系数,比例viscosity 黏度density 密度corrosive property 腐蚀性particle size 颗粒尺寸shape形状size distribution 粒度分布packing characteristics 填充性质concentration 浓度filtrate 滤液feed liquor 进料液pretreatment 预处理latent heat 潜热resistance 阻力surface layer 表面层filtering medium 过滤介质drop in pressure 压降filtering surface 过滤表面filter cake 滤饼cake filtration 饼层过滤deep bed filtration 深层过滤depth深度law定律net flow净流量conduction 传导convection 对流radiation 辐射temperature gradient 温度梯度metallic solid 金属固体thermal conduction 热传导motion of unbound electrons 自由电子的运动electrical conductivity 导电性thermal conductivity 导热性poor conductor of electricity 不良导电体transport of momentum 动量传递the random motion of molecules 分子无规则运动brick wall 墙壁furnace火炉,燃烧器metal wall of a tube 金属管壁macroscopic particle 宏观的粒子control volume 控制体enthalpy 焓macroscopic phenomenon 宏观现象forces of friction 摩擦力fluid mechanics 流体力学flux (通量,流通量)of enthalpy 焓通量eddy尾流,涡流turbulent flow 湍流natural and forced convection自然对流和强制对流buoyancy force 浮力temperature gradient 温度梯度electromagnetic wave 电磁波fused quartz熔化的石英reflect 反射,[肝住戊由门:折射matte无光泽的,无光的temperature level 温度高低inter-phase mass transfer界相际间质量传递rate of diffusion 扩散速率acetone 丙酮dissolve 溶解ammonia 氨ammonia-air mixture 氨气-水混合物physical process 物理过程oxides of nitrogen 氮氧化物nitric acid 不硝酸carbon dioxide 二氧化碳sodium hydroxide 氢氧化钠actualrate of absorption 实际吸收速率two-film theory 双膜理论concentration difference 浓度差in the vicinity of在…附近,靠近..,大约…,在…左右molecular diffusion 分子扩散laminar sub-layer 层流底层resistance阻力,阻止boundary layer 边界层Fick' s Law费克定律is proportional to 与…成比例concentration gradient 浓度梯度plate tower 板式塔installation 装置feed 进料bottom底部,塔底solvent 溶剂top顶部,塔顶partial vaporization 部分汽化boiling point 沸点equimolecular counter-diffusion 等分子反向扩散ideal system理想系统ratio of A to B A 与B 的比值with the result that:由于的缘故,鉴于的结果tray塔板packed tower 填料塔bubble-cap tower 泡罩塔spray chamber 喷淋室maintenance expense 维修费foundation 基石出tower shell 塔体packing material 填料pump 泵blower风机accessory heater附属加热器cooler冷却器heat exchanger 换热器solvent-recovery system 溶剂回收系统operating cost 操作费用power动力circulating gas 循环气labor劳动力steam蒸汽regenerate 再生cooling water 冷却水solvent make-up补充溶剂optimum最优的unabsorbed component 未吸收组分purity 纯度volatility 挥发性vapor pressure 蒸汽压liquid mixture液体混合物condense凝缩,冷凝binary distillation 双组分精馏multi-component distillation 多组分精馏stage-type distillation column 级板式精馏塔mount安装,固定conduit导流管),downcomer降液管gravity 重力weir溢流堰vapor-liquid contacting device 汽液接触装置valve tray浮阀塔板reboiler 再沸器vaporization 汽化condensate冷凝液,凝缩液overhead vapor 塔顶汽体condenser冷凝器i feed tray进料板base塔底,基础bottoms product 塔底产品condensation 冷凝stripping section汽提段,提馏段distillate section 精馏段total condense 全凝器distillate product塔顶馏出产品reflux回流thermodynamic equilibrium 热力学平衡solution 溶液fractional crystallization 分步结晶solubility,溶解度,溶解性soluble可溶解的solvent溶剂employ采纳,利用miscible可混合的,可溶的,可搅拌的mechanical separation 机械分离)liquid-liquid extraction 液液萃取aromatic芳香烃的paraffin石蜡,链烷烃lubricating oil 润滑油decompose分解,离解,还原,腐烂penicillin 青霉素streptomycin (链霉素)precipitation 沉淀,沉析ethyl alcohol 乙醇)extract萃取液heat requirement 热负荷solute溶质extract phase 萃取相baffle-plate折流挡板,缓冲挡板settling tank 沉降槽centrifuge离心.离心机,离心分离emulsifying agent 孚L化剂Idensity difference 密度差raffinate萃余液extract萃取液drying of Solids 固体干燥process material过程物料(相对最终产品而言的)organic有机的,有机物的benzene 苯humidity 湿度moisture content 湿含量drying rate干燥速率critical moisture content 临界湿湿含量falling-rate 降速concave (凸的,凸面)or convex (凹的,凹面)approximate to:接近,趋近straight line:直线constant-rate drying period 恒速干燥阶段convection drying 对流干燥drying gas干燥气体falling-rate period降速干燥阶段mean value平均值vacuum drying 真空干燥discolor变色,脱色sublime 升华freeze drying冷冻干燥adiabatic绝热的,不传热的pressure gradientperpendicular to:与----垂直counter-current 逆流per unit area单位面积water-cooling tower 水冷塔sensible heat(sensible heat:显热)water droplet 水珠,水滴quantitative relation 定量关系thermal diffusion 热扩散at right angles to 与…成直角,与…垂直by virtue of由于,根据,凭借于molecular transfer 分子传递balance抵消,平衡drag forces 曳力a function of …的函数of the same order具有同一数量级eddy diffusion 涡流扩散is almost inversely proportional to 几乎与•一成反比Reynolds number 雷诺准数fully developed turbulent flow 充分发展湍流coefficient 系数In principle从原理而言exothermic (放热的,endothermic 吸热的,adiabatic 绝热的)triple bond 三健,三价nitrogen oxides 氮氧化物compound化合物conversion转化,转化率protein蛋白质compress 压缩reaction yield 反应产率reaction speed 反应速度one-pass (单程)reactor energy input 能量输入maximum最大的near toequilibrium 接近平衡output产出,输出,产量fertilizer 化肥urea尿素ammonium nitrate 硝酸铵ammonium phosphate 磷酸铵ammonium sulfate 硫酸铵diammonium hydrogen phosphate 磷酸二氢铵ash纯碱pyridine而砒啶polymers聚合物nylon尼龙acrylics丙烯酸树脂via经,由,通过,借助于hydrogen cyanide 氰化氢nitric acid 不硝酸bulk explosive 集装炸药crude oil 原油natural gas 天然气bitumen 沥青fossil fuel化石燃料seepage渗出物asphalt 沥青oil drilling 采油gasoline 汽油paint涂料plastic 塑料synthetic rubber 合成橡胶fiber纤维soap肥皂cleansing agent 清洗剂wax石蜡explosive 炸药oil shale油页岩deposit沉积物aquatic plant水生植物sedimentary rock 沉积岩sandstone 砂岩siltstone 泥岩tar sand沥青石chain-shaped 链状的methane 甲烷paraffin石蜡,烷烃ring-shaped (环状的)hydrocarbon naphthene 环烷烃naphtha石脑油tarry柏油的,焦油的,焦油状的asphaltene 沥青油impurity 杂质pollutant污染物combustion 燃烧capillarity毛细现象,毛细管力viscous resistance 粘性阻力barrel桶(国际原油计量单位)tanker 油轮kerosene 煤油heavy gas oil重瓦斯油reforming 重整cracking 裂化octane number of gasoline 汽油辛烷值branched-chain (带支链的)materials science 材料科学mechanical, thermal, chemical, electric, magnetic, and optical behavior.(机械性能、热学性能、化学性能、电学性能、磁性能、光学性能)Amalgam汞齐,水银;混合物,交叉solid state physics 固体物理学metallurgy冶金学,冶金术magnet磁铁,有吸引力的人或物insulation 绝缘catalytic cracking 催化裂化structural steels 结构钢computer microchip 计算机芯片Aerospace 航空Telecommunication 电信information processing 信息处理nuclear power 核能energy conversion 能量转化internal structure 内部结构defect structure 结构缺陷crystal flaw晶体瑕疵vacant atomic site 原子空位dislocation 错位precipitate 沉淀物semiconductor 半导体mechanical disturbance 机械扰动ductility延展性brittleness 脆性spinning electrons 旋转电子amorphous非定型的,非晶型的,非结晶的,玻璃状的;无一定目的的,乱七八糟chemical process safety 化工过程安全exotic chemistry 奇异化学hydrodynamic model 水力学模型two-phase flow 两相流dispersion model 分散模型toxic有毒的release释放,排放probability of failure 失效概率accident prevention 事故预防hard hat安全帽safety shoe 防护鞋rules and regulations 规章制度loss prevention 损失预防hazard identification 危害辩识,technical evaluation 技术评估safety management support安全管理基础知识safety experience 安全经验technical competence 技术能力safety knowledge 安全知识design engineer 设计师cost engineer 造价师process engineering 过程工程plant layout工厂布局general service facilities 公用工程plant location 工厂选址close teamwork紧密的团队协作specialized group 专业组storage 仓库waste disposal 废物处理terminology术语,词汇accountant会计师,会计,出纳final-proposal 决议tangible return 有形回报Empirical model 经验模型process control (过程控制)first-principles基本原理,基本规则regression model 回归模型.operating condition 操作条件nonlinear-equation-solving technique 非线性方程求解技术process-simulation software packages 过程模拟软件包least-squares-regression 最小二乘法statistical technique 统计技术intensity强度,程度phenomenological model 现象模型model identification 模式识另Uneural network 神经网络a priori:先验的,既定的,不根据经验的,由原因推出结果的,演绎的,直觉的process data historian:过程数据历史编撰师qualitative 定性的quantitative precision 定量的精确high-fidelity 高保真的computationally intensive 计算量大的mathematical expression steady-state model 稳态模型bioengineering 生物工程artificial 人工的hearing aid 助听器artificial limb 假肢supportive or substitute organ 辅助或替代器官biosynthesis生物合成life scientist生命科学家agricultural engineer 农艺师fermentation 发酵civil engineer 土木工程师sanitation 卫生physiologists 生理学criteria 指标human medicine 人体医学medical electronics 医疗电子medical instrumentation 医疗器械blood-flow dynamics血液流动动力学prosthetics假肢器官学biomechanics生物力学surgeon外科医生replacement organ 器官移植physiologist生理学家counterpart对应物,配对物psychology 心理学self-taught 自学barrier障碍物medical engineering医学工程,医疗工程health care 保健diagnostic application of computers 计算机诊断agricultural engineering 农业工程biological production 生物制品生产bionics (仿生学)human-factors engineering 人类与环境工程environmental health engineering 环境健康工程environmentally benign processing 环境友好力口工commodity or specialty通用商品或特殊化学品styrene苯乙烯ibuprofen异丁苯丙酸the Chemical Manufacturers Association 化工生产协会as a whole整体而言emission释放物,排放物voluntary自愿的,无偿的,义务的;有意的,随意的;民办的in the absence of 无---存在deactivate 失活bulk chemical大宗化工产品Fine chemical精细化工Pharmaceutical 制药segment段,片,区间,部门,部分;弓形,圆缺;分割,切断tonnage吨位,吨数,吨产量inorganic salt 无机盐hydroquinone 对苯二酚demonstrate论证,证明,证实;说明,表明,显示forefront最前线,最前沿Lewis acid不可再生的路易斯酸anhydrous无水的phaseout 消除HF alkylation氰氟酸烷基化catalytic oxidation 催化氧化governmental regulation 政府规定pharmaceutical intermediate 药物中间体stereoselective立体选择性的ketone 酮functional group 官能团detrimental 有害的chlorofluorocarbon二氯二氟化碳,氟里昂carbon tetrachloride 四氯化碳straightforward 简单明了的coordinating ligand配合体,向心配合体kilogram 千克thermal stability 热稳定性devastate破坏,蹂躏outline描绘,勾勒membrane technology 膜技术production line 生产线dairy牛奶water purification 水净化ifetime 寿命membrane module 膜组件durability耐久性,寿命,使用期限,强度chemical additive 添加剂end-of-pipe solution 最终方案closed system封闭系统substitute取代,替代technical challenge技术挑战,技术困难wastewater treatment 污水处理fouling污垢,发泡surface treatment 表面处理applied Chemistry 应用化学nomenclature of chemical compound 化学化合物的命名法descriptive描述性的refix前缀alkane烷烃family 族carbon skeleton 碳骨架chain 链Latin or Greek stem拉丁或者希腊词根suffix后缀constitute取代物,取代基homologous series 同系物branched chain 支链烷烃parent母链,主链derivative 衍生物substituent 取代基locant位次,位标replicating prefix 重复前缀词Gas and Liquid Chromatography气相色谱与液相色谱analytical chemistry 分析化学moving gas stream 移动的气流heats of solution and vaporization 溶解热和汽化热activity coefficient 活度系数counteract 抵消milliliter 毫升essential oil 香精油test mixture测试混合物sample样品helium 氦argon 氩carrier 载体injection 注射stationary nonvolatile phase 静止的不挥发相detector检测器fraction collector 馏分收集器columnar liquid chromatography 柱状液相色谱仪retention volume 保留体积retention times 保留时间high-performance 高性能mobile phase 移动相high-efficiency 高效的analyte分析物plane chromatography 薄层色谱capillary action毛细管作用assay分析化验fluorescence荧光色,荧光retardation factor保留因子,延迟因子。
普通化学 General Chemistry分析化学 Analytical Chemistry有机化学 Organic Chemistry物理化学 Physical Chemistry谱学导论 Introducton of Spectroscopy无机化学 Inorganic Chemistry普通化学和分析化学实验 Experiments of General and Analytical Chemistry 现在基础化学 The Principle of Mordern Chemistry现在基础化学实验 Experiments of Modern Fundamental Chemistry 有机化学实验 Experiments of Organic Chemistry仪器分析和物理化学实验 Experiments of Instrumental Analysis and Physica 合成化学实验 Experiments of Synthetic Chemistry现代化学专题 Topic of Modern Chemistry化学综合实验 Experiments of Comprehensive Chemistry化工原理 Principle of Chemical Engineering化工原理实验 Experiments of Chemical Engineering应用化学实验 Experiments of Applied Chemistry无机合成化学 Synthetic Inorganic Chemistry近代分析化学 Modern Analytical Chemistry分离分析化学 Separation Analytical Chemistry有机化合物波谱鉴定 Spectrum Identification of Organic Compounds 有机合成及反应机理 Organic Synthesis and Mechanics化学进展 Progress in Chemistry化学反应工程 Chemical Reaction Engineering应用电化学 Applied Electrochemistry工业催化 Industrial Catalysis环境化学 Environmental Chemistry环境监测 Environmental Monitoring化学科技英语 Scientific English for Chemistry数理方法在化学中的应用 Mathematical Statistics for Chemistry化工制图 Chemical Engineering Cartography计算机与化学测量实验 Computer and Chemical Measurement化学信息学 Chemoinformatics or Chemical Informatics应用化学专题 Special Topics in Applied Chemistry方案(建议书)proposal可行性研究 feasibility study方案设计 concept design工艺设计 process design基础设计 basic design详细设计 detail design开工会议 - kick-off meeting审核会议 review meeting外商投资 foreign investment中外合资 joint venture中外合营 joint venture补偿贸易 compensation trade合同合同附件 contract卖方 vendor买方 buyer顾客 client承包商 contractor工程公司 company供应范围 scope of supply生产范围 production scope生产能力 production capacity项目 project界区 battery limit装置 plant公用工程 utilities工艺流程图 process flow diagram工艺流程方块图 process block diagram管道及仪表流程图 piping and instrument drawing物料及热量平衡图 mass & heat balance diagram蒸汽及冷凝水平衡图 steam & condensate balance diagram 设备布置图 equipment layout设备表 equipment list成品(产品)() product(final product)副产品 by-product原料 raw-material设计基础数据 basic data for design技术数据 technical data数据表 data sheet设计文件 design document设计规定 design regulation现场服务 site service项目变更 project change用户变更 client change消耗定额 consumption quota技术转让 technical transfer技术知识 - technical know-howtechnical knowledge技术保证 technical guarantee咨询服务 consultative services技术服务 technical services工作地点 location施工现场 construction field报价 quotation标书 bidding book公司利润 company profit固定价合同 fixed price contract固定单价合同 fixed unit price contract成本加酬金合同 cost plus award fee contract定金 mobilization银行保证书 bank guarantee letter保留金 retention所得税 income taxes特别承包人税 special contractor's taxes城市和市政税 city and municipal taxes工作手册 work manual工作流程图 work flow diagram质量保证程序 QA/QC procedures采购计划 procurement plan施工计划 construction plan施工进度 construction schedule项目实施计划 project execution plan项目协调程序 project coordination procedure项目总进度计划 project master schedule设计网络计划 engineering network logic项目质量保证 project quality assurance项目质量控制 project quality control采购 procurement采购周期 procurement period会签 the squad check计算书 calculation sheets询价 inquiry检验 inspection运输 transportation开车 start up / commission验收 inspection & acceptance校核 check审核 review审定 approve版次 version部门 department专业 specialty项目号 project number图号 drawing number目录 contents序言 foreword章 chapter节 section项 itemMR material requisitionSPEC engineering specification(技术表)DATA SHEET() technical data sheet(技术评标)TBA() technical bid analysisPDP preliminary design package(项目经理)PM () project manager(专业负责人LDE( lead discipline engineer(材料询价单)MRQ() Material requisition for quotation(材料采购单)MRP() material requisition for purchase(基础工程设计包)BEP() basic engineering package&(管道及仪表流程图) ()P&ID() piping and instrument drawing(diagram)PFD process flow diagramNNF normally no flowFO failure openFC failure closeC/S/A civil/structure/architecture(详细设计阶段)DDP() detail design phase二. 工艺流程.连续过程continuous process 间歇过程batch process工艺叙述process description 工艺特点process feature操作operation反应reaction副反应side reaction絮凝flocculation浮洗flotation倾析decantation催化反应catalytical reaction 萃取extraction中和neutralization水解hydrolysis过滤filtration干燥drying还原reduction氧化oxidation氢化hydrogenation分解decomposition离解dissociation合成synthetics吸收absorption吸附adsorption解吸desorption结晶crystallization溶解solution调节modulate控制control悬浮suspension循环circulation再生regeneration再活化reactivation沥取leaching破碎crushing煅烧caloination沉降sedimentation沉淀precipitation气化gasification冷冻refrigeration固化、结晶、solidification包装package升华sublimation燃烧combustion引烧ignition蒸馏distillation碳化carbonization压缩compression三、化学物质及特性固体solid液体liquid气体gas化合物compound混合物mixture粉powder片状粉未flake小粒granule结晶crystal乳化物emulsion氧化物oxidizing agent还原剂reducing agent有机物organic material真空vacuum母液master liquor富液rich liquor贫液lean liquor萃出物extract萃余物raffinate絮凝剂flocculants冷冻盐水brine酸度acidity浓度concentration碱度alkalinity溶解度solubility凝固点solidificalion point沸点boiling point熔点melting point蒸发率evaporation rate粘度viscosity吸水的 ()water absorbent(a)无水的()anhydrous(a)外观appearance无色的()colorless(a)透明的()transparent(a)半透明的translucent密度density比重specific gravity催化剂catalyst燃烧combustion引燃ignition自然点-self-ignition temperature可燃气体combustible gas可燃液体inflammable liquid易燃液体volatile liquid爆炸混合物explosive mixture爆炸性环境 ()explosive atmosphere(environment)爆炸极限explosive concentration limit废水waste water废液waste liquid废气-off-gas噪声noise pollution成分composition挠度deflection力和力矩force and moment弯矩bending moment应力-应变曲线--stress-strain diagram百分比percentage环境温度ambient temperature工作温度operating设计温度 ()design temperature(pressure)相对湿度=RH=relative humidity油渣、淤泥sludge杂质impurity四、化工设备泵pump轴流泵axial flow pump真空泵vacuum pump屏蔽泵canned pump柱塞泵plunger pump涡轮泵turbine pump涡流泵vortex pump离心泵centrifugal pump喷射泵jet pump转子泵rotary pump管道泵inline pump双作用往复泵double action reciprocating pump计量泵metering pump深井泵deep well pump齿轮泵gear pump手摇泵()hand(wobble) pump螺杆泵 ()screw (spiral) pump潜水泵submersible pump斜转子泵inclined rotor pump封闭式电磁泵hermetically sealed magnetic drive pump 气升泵--air-lift-pump轴承bearing叶轮impeller虹吸管siphon高压容器high pressure vessel焚化炉incinerator火焰清除器flame arrester工业炉furnace烧嘴burner锅炉boiler回转窑rotary kiln加热器heater电加热器electric heater冷却器cooler冷凝器condenser换热器heat exchanger反应器reactor蒸馏釜still搅拌器agitator混合器mixer静态混合器static mixers管道混合器line mixers混合槽mixing tanks破碎机crusher磨碎机grinder研磨机pulverizer球磨机ballmill过滤器filter分离器separator干燥器drier翅片fins烟囱stack火炬flare筛子screen煅烧窑calciner倾析器decanter蒸发器evaporator再沸器reboiler萃取器extractor离心机centrifuger吸附(收)器adsorber结晶器crystallizer电解槽electrolyzer电除尘器electric precipitator洗涤器scrubber消石灰器slaker料仓bin料斗hopper加料器feeder增稠器thickener澄清器clarifier分级器classifier浮洗器flocculator废液池sump喷射器ejector喷头sprayer成套设备package unit仪器设备apparatus附属设备accessory旋转式压缩机rotary compressor往复式压缩机reciprocating compressor 水环式压缩机nash compressor螺杆式压缩机helical screw compressor 离心式压缩机centrifugal compressor多级压缩机mutiple stages compressor固定床反应器fixed bed reactor流化床反应器fluidized bed reactor管式反应器tubular reactor列管式换热器tubular heat exchanger螺旋板式换热器spiral plate heat exchanger 萃取塔extraction column板式塔plate column填料塔packed column洗涤塔scrubber吸收塔absorber冷却塔cooling tower精馏塔fractionating tower汽提塔stripper再生塔regenerator造粒塔prill tower塔附件tower accessories液体分配(布)器liquid distributor填料支持板support plate定距管spacer降液管downcomer升气管chimney顶(底)层塔盘 ()()top (bottom) tray挡板baffle抽出口draw nozzle溢流堰weir泡罩bubble cap筛板sieve plate浮阀float valve除沫器demister pad塔裙座skirt椭圆封头elliptical head高位槽head tank中间槽intermediate tank加料槽feed tank补给槽-make-up tank计量槽measuring tank电解槽cell溜槽chute收集槽collecting tank液滴分离器knockout drum稀释罐thinning tank缓冲罐surge drum回流罐reflux drum闪蒸罐flash drum浮顶罐floating roof tank内浮顶罐covered floating roof tank 球罐spheroid气柜gas holder湿式气柜 -wet gas-holder干式气柜 -dry gas-holder螺旋式气柜 -helical gas-holder星型放料器,旋转阀,rotary valve抽滤器mutche filter压滤器filter press压滤机pressure filter板框压滤器--plate-and-fram filter press 转鼓过滤器rotary drum filter带式过滤器belt filter翻盘式过滤器袋滤器bag filter旋风分离器cyclone separator盘式干燥箱compartment tray drier 真空干燥器vacuum drier隧道式干燥器tunnel drier回转干燥器rotary drier穿流循环干燥器through circulation drier 喷雾干燥器spray drier气流干燥器pneumatic conveyor drier 圆盘式加料器dish feeder螺旋式加料器screw feeder颚式破碎机jaw crusher回转破碎机gyratory crusher滚洞破碎机roll crusher锤式破碎机hammer crusher冲击破碎机rotor impact breaker气流喷射粉碎机jet pulverizer棍磨机rod mill雷蒙机raymond mill锤磨机hammer mill辊磨机roller mill振动筛vibrating screen回转筛rotary screen风机fan罗茨鼓风机roots blower起重机crane桥式起重机bridge crane电动葫芦motor hoist发电机generator电动机motor汽轮机steam turbine五、管道工程piping engineering阀门 valve阀杆stem内螺纹阀杆inside screw阀座 ( )valve seat (body seat)阀座环、密封圈sealing ring阀芯(包括密封圈,杆等)(,)trim阀盘disc阀体body阀盖bonnet手轮hand wheel手柄 ()hand level (handle)压盖gland闸阀gate valve平行双闸板double disc parallel seat楔形单闸板split wedge截止阀globe valve节流阀throttle valve针阀needle valve角阀(角式截止阀)()angle valve型阀(截止阀)-(- )Y()Y-valve(Y-body globe valve)球阀ball valve三通球阀3-3-way ball valve蝶阀butterfly valve对夹式(薄片型)()wafer type偏心阀板蝶阀 ()offset disc (eccentric) butterfly valve斜阀盘蝶阀canted disc butterfly valve连杆式蝶阀link butterfly valve止回式蝶阀 -combined non-return butterfly valve柱塞阀piston type valve旋塞阀plug valve三通旋塞阀-three-way plug valve四通旋塞阀-four-way plug valve旋塞cock衬套旋塞sleeve cock隔膜阀diaphragm valve橡胶衬里隔膜阀rubber lined diaphragm valve直通式隔膜阀straight way diaphragm valve夹紧式胶管阀pinch valve止回阀check valve升降式止回阀lift check valve旋启式止回阀swing check valve落球式止回阀ball check valve弹簧球式止回阀spring ball check valve底阀foot valve切断式止回阀stop check valve活塞式止回阀piston check valve翻板止回阀flap check valve蝶式止回阀butterfly check valve安全泄气阀[]safety[SV]安全泄放阀 []relief valve[RV]安全泄压阀safety relief valve杠杆重锤式lever and weight type罐底排污阀-flush-bottom tank valve波纹管密封阀bellow sealed valve电磁阀 ()solenoid (operated) valve电动阀(-)electrically(electric-motor)operated valve 气动阀pneumatic operated valve低温用阀cryogenic service valve蒸汽疏水阀steam trap机械式疏水阀mechanical trap浮桶式疏水阀 ()open (top) bucket trap浮球式疏水阀float trap倒吊桶式疏水阀inverted bucket trap自由浮球式疏水阀loose float trap恒温式疏水阀thermostatic trap压力平衡式恒温疏水阀balanced pressure thermostatic trap热动力式疏水阀thermodynamic trap脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀impulse steam trap放汽阀(自动放汽阀)()()(automatic) air vent valve换向阀 ()diverting (reversing) valve呼吸阀breather valve减压阀pressure reducing valve控制阀control valve执行机构actuator差压调节阀differential pressure regulating valve切断阀 (-, )block (shut-off, stop) valve调节阀regulating valve快开阀quick opening valve快闭阀quick closing valve隔断阀isolating valve三通阀three way valve夹套阀jacketed valve非旋转式阀-non-rotary valve2管子,管件,法兰管子(按标准制造的配管用管)pipe()(不按标准规格制造的其它用管)tube()钢管steel pipe铸铁管cast iron pipe衬里管lined pipe复合管clad pipe碳钢管 [..]carbon steel[C.S.]pipe合金钢管alloy steel pipe不锈钢管 [..]stainless steel[S.S.]pipe奥氏体不锈钢管austenitic stainless steel pipe铁合金钢管ferritic alloy steel pipe轧制钢管-wrought-steel pipe锻铁管-wrought-iron pipe无缝钢管[]seamless[SMLS] steel pipe焊接钢管welded steel pipe电阻焊钢管--electric-resistance-welded steel pipe电熔(弧)焊钢板卷管-()- -()electric-fusion(arc)-welded steel-plate pipe 螺旋焊接钢管spiral welded steel pipe镀锌钢管galvanized steel pipe排污阀blowdown valve集液排放阀drip valve排液阀drain valve放空阀vent valve卸载阀unloading valve排出阀discharge valve吸入阀suction valve取样阀sampling valve手动阀 (-)hand operated(manually-operated) valve (水)龙头;;()bibb;bib;faucet抽出液阀(小阀)()bleed valve旁路阀-by-pass valve软管阀hose valve混合阀mixing valve破真空阀vacuum breaker冲洗阀flush valve根部阀 (, )root (primary, header) valve水煤气钢管-water-gas steel pipe塑料管plastic pipe玻璃管glass tube橡胶管rubber tube壁厚 []wall thickness[WT]壁厚系列号 [..]schedule number[SCH.NO.]加厚的,加强的 (),extra heavy (strong)双倍加厚的,双倍加强的 (),double extra heavy (strong)弯头elbow异径弯头reducing elbow长半径弯头long radius elbow短半径弯头short radius elbow长半径180°弯头180°long radius return短半径180°弯头180°short radius return三通tee异径三通reducing tee等径三通straight tee带支座三通base tee45°斜三通45°45°45°lateral型三通""Ytrue"Y"四通cross异径管reducer同心异径管concentric reducer偏心异径管eccentric reducer管接头;coupling;full coupling活接头union短管nipple预制弯管fabricated pipe bend型弯管""U"U"bend法兰端flanged end万向接头universal joint对焊的 []butt welded[BW]螺纹的[]threaded[THD]承插焊的 []socket welded[SW]法兰[]flange[FLG]整体管法兰integral pipe flange钢管法兰steel pipe flange螺纹法兰threaded flange滑套法兰-slip-on flange平焊法兰--slip-on-welding flange承插焊法兰socket welding flange松套法兰 []lap joint flange[LJF]对焊法兰 []weld neck flange[WNF]法兰盖 ;blind flange;blind异径法兰reducing flange压力级 ()pressure rating(class)突面 []raised face[RF]凸面male face凹面female face全平面;满平面 ; [];flat face;full face[FF]3.管道特殊件 3.piping speciality粗滤器strainer过滤器filter临时过滤器 ( )temporary strainer(cone type)型过滤器-YY-type strainer型过滤器-TT-type strainer永久过滤器permanent filter洗眼器及淋浴器eye washer and shower视镜sight glass阻火器flame arrester喷咀;喷头;spray nozzle喷射器ejector取样冷却器sample cooler消音器silencer膨胀节expansion joint波纹膨胀节bellow补偿器compensator软管接头 []hose connection[HC]快速接头quick coupling金属软管metal hose橡胶管rubber hose挠性管flexible tube特殊法兰special flange漏斗funnel8字盲板 ( 8)8spectacle (figure 8) blind爆破板rupture disk4,其它材料4碳素钢 [..]carbon steel [C.S.]不锈钢 [..]stainless steel[S.S.]铸铁 [..]cast iron[C.I.]铝aluminum铜,紫铜,copper钛titanium抗拉强度tensile strength非金属材料-non-metallic material塑料plastic陶瓷ceramic搪瓷porcelain enamel玻璃glass橡胶rubber垫片[]gasket[GSKT]平垫片flat gasket填料packing型钢shaped steel角钢angle steel槽钢channel工字钢-I-beam宽缘工字钢或钢Hwide flanged beam扁钢flat bar圆钢 ;round steel; rod钢带strap steel网络钢板checkered plate材料表 []bill of material[BOM]材料统计 -[]material take-off[MTO]散装材料bulk material综合管道材料表consolidated piping material summary []sheet[CPMSS]汇总表summary sheet5.设备布置及管道设计中心线center line装置边界 []boundary limit[BL]区界area limit设备布置 ();equipment arrangement (layout);plot plan 标高,立面[],elevation[EL]支撑点 []point of support[POS]工厂北向plant north方位orientation危险区hazardous area classification净正吸入压头net positive suction head绝对标高absolute elevation坐标coordinate管道研究piping study管道布置平面 []piping arrangement plan[PAP]管道布置 ;piping assembly; layout详图detail""视图 """X"view "X""-" 剖视 "-""A-A" section "A-A"轴测图isometric drawing索引图key plan管道及仪表流程图 [&]piping and instrument diagram[P&ID]管口表list of nozzles地上管道above ground piping地下管道under ground piping管线号line number总管;header; manifold旁路by pass常开normally open常闭normally closed取样接口sampling connection伴热管tracing pipe蒸汽伴热steam tracing热水伴热-hot-water tracing电伴热electrical tracing 夹套管jacketed line全夹套管full jacketed比例scale图figure草图sketch图例legend符号symbol件号part n。
化工英语词汇大集合介绍化学工程领域使用的英语词汇对于从事化工行业的人员来说是非常重要的。
本文将为您提供一个包含各种化工英语词汇的大集合,旨在帮助化工从业人员扩充词汇量,提高工作效率。
基础词汇以下是一些化工领域常用的基础词汇:1.Chemical Engineering - 化学工程2.Reaction - 反应3.Reactor - 反应器4.Catalyst - 催化剂5.Chemical Reaction - 化学反应6.Mass Transfer - 质量传递7.Heat Transfer - 热传递8.Fluid Dynamics - 流体力学9.Separation - 分离10.D istillation - 蒸馏11.E xtraction - 萃取12.F iltration - 过滤13.E vaporation - 蒸发14.C rystallization - 结晶15.A bsorption - 吸收16.A dsorption - 吸附17.M ixing - 混合18.S cale-up - 放大比例19.B atch Process - 批处理20.C ontinuous Process - 连续流程反应器及设备1.Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) - 连续搅拌槽反应器2.Plug Flow Reactor (PFR) - 管流反应器3.Fixed Bed Reactor - 固定床反应器4.Fluidized Bed Reactor - 流化床反应器5.Tubular Reactor - 管式反应器6.Heat Exchanger - 热交换器7.Distillation Column - 蒸馏塔8.Separator - 分离器9.Filter - 过滤器10.E vaporator - 蒸发器11.M ixer - 搅拌器12.P ump - 泵13.C ompressor - 压缩机14.A gitator - 搅拌器15.C ondenser - 冷凝器化学品和物质1.Chemical Compound - 化合物2.Element - 元素3.Atom - 原子4.Molecule - 分子5.Chemical Formula - 化学式6.Reactant - 反应物7.Product - 产物8.Solvent - 溶剂9.Soluble - 可溶解的10.I nsoluble - 不溶解的11.A cid - 酸12.B ase - 碱13.S alt - 盐14.O rganic - 有机的15.I norganic - 无机的16.P olymer - 聚合物17.M onomer - 单体18.C atalyst - 催化剂19.O xidation - 氧化20.R eduction - 还原工艺过程1.Batch Process - 批处理2.Continuous Process - 连续流程3.Polymerization - 聚合4.Cracking - 破解5.Hydration - 水合6.Hydrogenation - 加氢7.Dehydration - 脱水8.Distillation - 蒸馏9.Filtration - 过滤10.E xtraction - 萃取11.E vaporation - 蒸发12.C rystallization - 结晶13.A dsorption - 吸附14.A bsorption - 吸收15.D rying - 干燥16.M ixing - 混合17.R eactor Design - 反应器设计18.P rocess Optimization - 工艺优化19.S afety Analysis - 安全分析20.W aste Treatment - 废物处理实验及测试方法boratory - 实验室2.Experiment - 实验3.Analysis - 分析4.Spectroscopy - 光谱学5.Chromatography - 色谱法6.Mass Spectrometry - 质谱法7.NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) - 核磁共振8.IR (Infrared) Spectroscopy - 红外光谱9.UV-Vis (Ultraviolet-Visible) Spectroscopy - 紫外可见光谱10.H PLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) - 高效液相色谱法11.G C (Gas Chromatography) - 气相色谱法12.T GA (Thermogravimetric Analysis) - 热重分析13.D SC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry) - 差示扫描量热法14.V iscosity - 黏性15.p H - 酸碱度16.D ensity - 密度17.M elting Point - 熔点18.B oiling Point - 沸点19.V apor Pressure - 蒸汽压20.F lash Point - 闪点以上仅为一小部分化工英语词汇,但已能涵盖化学工程领域的基础知识、设备、化学品和实验测试方法。
化学专业课程中英文对照普通化学General Chemistry分析化学Analytical Chemistry有机化学Organic Chemistry物理化学Physical Chemistry谱学导论Introducton of Spectroscopy无机化学Inorganic Chemistry普通化学和分析化学实验Experiments of General and Analytical Chemistry现在基础化学The Principle of Mordern Chemistry现在基础化学实验Experiments of Modern Fundamental Chemistry有机化学实验Experiments of Organic Chemistry仪器分析和物理化学实验Experiments of Instrumental Analysis and Physical Chemistry合成化学实验Experiments of Synthetic Chemistry现代化学专题Topic of Modern Chemistry化学综合实验Experiments of Comprehensive Chemistry化工原理Principle of Chemical Engineering化工原理实验Experiments of Chemical Engineering应用化学实验Experiments of Applied Chemistry无机合成化学Synthetic Inorganic Chemistry近代分析化学Modern Analytical Chemistry分离分析化学Separation Analytical Chemistry有机化合物波谱鉴定Spectrum Identification of Organic Compounds有机合成及反应机理Organic Synthesis and Mechanics化学进展Progress in Chemistry化学反应工程Chemical Reaction Engineering应用电化学Applied Electrochemistry工业催化Industrial Catalysis环境化学Environmental Chemistry环境监测Environmental Monitoring化学科技英语Scientific English for Chemistry数理方法在化学中的应用Mathematical Statistics for Chemistry化工制图Chemical Engineering Cartography计算机与化学测量实验Computer and Chemical Measurement化学信息学Chemoinformatics or Chemical Informatics应用化学专题Special Topics in Applied Chemistry化工装置常用词汇1一概论 introduction方案(建议书) proposal可行性研究 feasibility study方案设计 concept design工艺设计 process design基础设计 basic design详细设计 detail design开工会议 kick-off meeting审核会议 review meeting外商投资 foreign investment中外合资 joint venture中外合营 joint venture补偿贸易 compensation trade合同合同附件 contract卖方 vendor买方 buyer顾客 client承包商 contractor工程公司 company供应范围 scope of supply生产范围 production scope生产能力 production capacity项目 project界区 battery limit装置 plant公用工程 utilities工艺流程图 process flow diagram工艺流程方块图 process block diagram管道及仪表流程图 piping and instrument drawing物料及热量平衡图 mass & heat balance diagram蒸汽及冷凝水平衡图 steam & condensate balance diagram 设备布置图 equipment layout设备表 equipment list成品(产品) product(final product)副产品 by-product原料 raw-material设计基础数据 basic data for design技术数据 technical data数据表 data sheet设计文件 design document设计规定 design regulation现场服务 site service项目变更 project change用户变更 client change消耗定额 consumption quota技术转让 technical transfer技术知识 technical know-howtechnical knowledge技术保证 technical guarantee咨询服务 consultative services技术服务 technical services工作地点 location施工现场 construction field报价 quotation标书 bidding book公司利润 company profit固定价合同 fixed price contract固定单价合同 fixed unit price contract成本加酬金合同 cost plus award fee contract 定金 mobilization银行保证书 bank guarantee letter保留金 retention所得税 income taxes特别承包人税 special contractor's taxes城市和市政税 city and municipal taxes工作手册 work manual工作流程图 work flow diagram质量保证程序 QA/QC procedures采购计划 procurement plan施工计划 construction plan施工进度 construction schedule项目实施计划 project execution plan项目协调程序 project coordination procedure 项目总进度计划 project master schedule设计网络计划 engineering network logic项目质量保证 project quality assurance项目质量控制 project quality control采购 procurement采购周期 procurement period会签 the squad check计算书 calculation sheets询价 inquiry检验 inspection运输 transportation开车 start up / commission验收 inspection & acceptance校核 check审核 review审定 approve版次 version部门 department专业 specialty项目号 project number图号 drawing number目录 contents序言 foreword章 chapter节 section项 itemMR material requisitionSPEC engineering specificationDATA SHEET(技术表) technical data sheetTBA(技术评标) technical bid analysisPDP preliminary design packagePM (项目经理) project managerLDE(专业负责人) lead discipline engineerMRQ(材料询价单) Material requisition for quotationMRP(材料采购单) material requisition for purchaseBEP(基础工程设计包) basic engineering packageP&ID(管道及仪表流程图) piping and instrument drawing(diagram) PFD process flow diagramNNF normally no flowFO failure openFC failure closeC/S/A civil/structure/architectureDDP(详细设计阶段) detail design phase二. 工艺流程连续过程 continuous process间歇过程 batch process工艺叙述 process description工艺特点 process feature操作 operation反应 reaction副反应 side reaction絮凝 flocculation浮洗 flotation倾析 decantation催化反应 catalytical reaction萃取 extraction中和 neutralization水解 hydrolysis过滤 filtration干燥 drying还原 reduction氧化 oxidation氢化 hydrogenation分解 decomposition离解 dissociation合成 synthetics吸收 absorption吸附 adsorption解吸 desorption结晶 crystallization溶解 solution调节 modulate控制 control悬浮 suspension循环 circulation再生 regeneration再活化 reactivation沥取 leaching破碎 crushing煅烧 caloination沉降 sedimentation沉淀 precipitation气化 gasification冷冻 refrigeration固化、结晶 solidification 包装 package升华 sublimation燃烧 combustion引烧 ignition蒸馏 distillation碳化 carbonization压缩 compression三、化学物质及特性固体 solid液体 liquid气体 gas化合物 compound混合物 mixture粉 powder片状粉未 flake小粒 granule结晶 crystal乳化物 emulsion氧化物 oxidizing agent 还原剂 reducing agent有机物 organic material 真空 vacuum母液 master liquor富液 rich liquor贫液 lean liquor萃出物 extract萃余物 raffinate絮凝剂 flocculants冷冻盐水 brine酸度 acidity浓度 concentration碱度 alkalinity溶解度 solubility凝固点 solidificalion point沸点 boiling point熔点 melting point蒸发率 evaporation rate粘度 viscosity吸水的 water absorbent(a)无水的 anhydrous(a)外观 appearance无色的 colorless(a)透明的 transparent(a)半透明的 translucent密度 density比重 specific gravity催化剂 catalyst燃烧 combustion引燃 ignition自然点 self-ignition temperature可燃气体 combustible gas可燃液体 inflammable liquid易燃液体 volatile liquid爆炸混合物 explosive mixture爆炸性环境 explosive atmosphere(environment) 爆炸极限 explosive concentration limit废水 waste water废液 waste liquid废气 off-gas噪声 noise pollution成分 composition挠度 deflection力和力矩 force and moment弯矩 bending moment应力-应变曲线 stress-strain diagram百分比 percentage环境温度 ambient temperature工作温度 operating设计温度 design temperature(pressure)相对湿度 RH=relative humidity油渣、淤泥 sludge杂质 impurity四、化工设备泵 pump轴流泵 axial flow pump真空泵 vacuum pump屏蔽泵 canned pump柱塞泵 plunger pump涡轮泵 turbine pump涡流泵 vortex pump离心泵 centrifugal pump喷射泵 jet pump转子泵 rotary pump管道泵 inline pump双作用往复泵 double action reciprocating pump计量泵 metering pump深井泵 deep well pump齿轮泵 gear pump手摇泵 hand(wobble) pump螺杆泵 screw (spiral) pump潜水泵 submersible pump斜转子泵 inclined rotor pump封闭式电磁泵 hermetically sealed magnetic drive pump 气升泵 air-lift-pump轴承 bearing叶轮 impeller虹吸管 siphon高压容器 high pressure vessel焚化炉 incinerator火焰清除器 flame arrester工业炉 furnace烧嘴 burner锅炉 boiler回转窑 rotary kiln加热器 heater电加热器 electric heater冷却器 cooler冷凝器 condenser换热器 heat exchanger反应器 reactor蒸馏釜 still搅拌器 agitator混合器 mixer静态混合器 static mixers管道混合器 line mixers混合槽 mixing tanks破碎机 crusher磨碎机 grinder研磨机 pulverizer球磨机 ballmill过滤器 filter分离器 separator干燥器 drier翅片 fins烟囱 stack火炬 flare筛子 screen煅烧窑 calciner倾析器 decanter蒸发器 evaporator再沸器 reboiler萃取器 extractor离心机 centrifuger吸附(收)器 adsorber结晶器 crystallizer电解槽 electrolyzer电除尘器 electric precipitator洗涤器 scrubber消石灰器 slaker料仓 bin料斗 hopper加料器 feeder增稠器 thickener澄清器 clarifier分级器 classifier浮洗器 flocculator废液池 sump喷射器 ejector喷头 sprayer成套设备 package unit仪器设备 apparatus附属设备 accessory旋转式压缩机 rotary compressor往复式压缩机 reciprocating compressor水环式压缩机 nash compressor螺杆式压缩机 helical screw compressor离心式压缩机 centrifugal compressor多级压缩机 mutiple stages compressor固定床反应器 fixed bed reactor流化床反应器 fluidized bed reactor管式反应器 tubular reactor列管式换热器 tubular heat exchanger螺旋板式换热器 spiral plate heat exchanger 萃取塔 extraction column板式塔 plate column填料塔 packed column洗涤塔 scrubber吸收塔 absorber冷却塔 cooling tower精馏塔 fractionating tower汽提塔 stripper再生塔 regenerator造粒塔 prill tower塔附件 tower accessories液体分配(布)器 liquid distributor填料支持板 support plate定距管 spacer降液管 downcomer升气管 chimney顶(底)层塔盘 top (bottom) tray挡板 baffle抽出口 draw nozzle溢流堰 weir泡罩 bubble cap筛板 sieve plate浮阀 float valve除沫器 demister pad塔裙座 skirt椭圆封头 elliptical head高位槽 head tank中间槽 intermediate tank加料槽 feed tank补给槽 make-up tank计量槽 measuring tank电解槽 cell溜槽 chute收集槽 collecting tank液滴分离器 knockout drum稀释罐 thinning tank缓冲罐 surge drum回流罐 reflux drum闪蒸罐 flash drum浮顶罐 floating roof tank内浮顶罐 covered floating roof tank球罐 spheroid气柜 gas holder湿式气柜 wet gas-holder干式气柜 dry gas-holder螺旋式气柜 helical gas-holder星型放料器,旋转阀 rotary valve抽滤器 mutche filter压滤器 filter press压滤机 pressure filter板框压滤器 plate-and-fram filter press转鼓过滤器 rotary drum filter带式过滤器 belt filter翻盘式过滤器袋滤器 bag filter旋风分离器 cyclone separator盘式干燥箱 compartment tray drier真空干燥器 vacuum drier隧道式干燥器 tunnel drier回转干燥器 rotary drier穿流循环干燥器 through circulation drier 喷雾干燥器 spray drier气流干燥器 pneumatic conveyor drier圆盘式加料器 dish feeder螺旋式加料器 screw feeder颚式破碎机 jaw crusher回转破碎机 gyratory crusher滚洞破碎机 roll crusher锤式破碎机 hammer crusher冲击破碎机 rotor impact breaker气流喷射粉碎机 jet pulverizer棍磨机 rod mill雷蒙机 raymond mill锤磨机 hammer mill辊磨机 roller mill振动筛 vibrating screen回转筛 rotary screen风机 fan罗茨鼓风机 root's blower起重机 crane桥式起重机 bridge crane电动葫芦 motor hoist发电机 generator电动机 motor汽轮机 steam turbine五、管道工程 piping engineering1 阀门 valve阀杆 stem内螺纹阀杆 inside screw阀座 valve seat (body seat)阀座环、密封圈 sealing ring阀芯(包括密封圈,杆等) trim阀盘 disc阀体 body阀盖 bonnet手轮 hand wheel手柄 hand level (handle)压盖 gland闸阀 gate valve平行双闸板 double disc parallel seat楔形单闸板 split wedge截止阀 globe valve节流阀 throttle valve针阀 needle valve角阀(角式截止阀) angle valveY型阀(截止阀) Y-valve(Y-body globe valve)球阀 ball valve三通球阀 3-way ball valve蝶阀 butterfly valve对夹式(薄片型) wafer type偏心阀板蝶阀 offset disc (eccentric) butterfly valve 斜阀盘蝶阀 canted disc butterfly valve连杆式蝶阀 link butterfly valve止回式蝶阀 combined non-return butterfly valve柱塞阀 piston type valve旋塞阀 plug valve三通旋塞阀 three-way plug valve四通旋塞阀 four-way plug valve旋塞 cock衬套旋塞 sleeve cock隔膜阀 diaphragm valve橡胶衬里隔膜阀 rubber lined diaphragm valve直通式隔膜阀 straight way diaphragm valve夹紧式胶管阀 pinch valve止回阀 check valve升降式止回阀 lift check valve旋启式止回阀 swing check valve落球式止回阀 ball check valve弹簧球式止回阀 spring ball check valve底阀 foot valve切断式止回阀 stop check valve活塞式止回阀 piston check valve翻板止回阀 flap check valve蝶式止回阀 butterfly check valve安全泄气阀 safety[SV]安全泄放阀 relief valve[RV]安全泄压阀 safety relief valve杠杆重锤式 lever and weight type罐底排污阀 flush-bottom tank valve波纹管密封阀 bellow sealed valve电磁阀 solenoid (operated) valve电动阀 electrically(electric-motor)operated valve气动阀 pneumatic operated valve低温用阀 cryogenic service valve蒸汽疏水阀 steam trap机械式疏水阀 mechanical trap浮桶式疏水阀 open (top) bucket trap浮球式疏水阀 float trap倒吊桶式疏水阀 inverted bucket trap自由浮球式疏水阀 loose float trap恒温式疏水阀 thermostatic trap压力平衡式恒温疏水阀 balanced pressure thermostatic trap 热动力式疏水阀 thermodynamic trap脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀 impulse steam trap放汽阀(自动放汽阀) (automatic) air vent valve换向阀 diverting (reversing) valve呼吸阀 breather valve减压阀 pressure reducing valve控制阀 control valve执行机构 actuator差压调节阀 differential pressure regulating valve切断阀 block (shut-off, stop) valve调节阀 regulating valve快开阀 quick opening valve快闭阀 quick closing valve隔断阀 isolating valve三通阀 three way valve夹套阀 jacketed valve非旋转式阀 non-rotary valve2管子,管件,法兰管子 pipe(按标准制造的配管用管)tube(不按标准规格制造的其它用管)钢管 steel pipe铸铁管 cast iron pipe衬里管 lined pipe复合管 clad pipe碳钢管 carbon steel[C.S.]pipe合金钢管 alloy steel pipe不锈钢管 stainless steel[S.S.]pipe奥氏体不锈钢管 austenitic stainless steel pipe铁合金钢管 ferritic alloy steel pipe轧制钢管 wrought-steel pipe锻铁管 wrought-iron pipe无缝钢管 seamless[SMLS] steel pipe焊接钢管 welded steel pipe电阻焊钢管 electric-resistance-welded steel pipe电熔(弧)焊钢板卷管 electric-fusion(arc)-welded steel-plate pipe 螺旋焊接钢管 spiral welded steel pipe镀锌钢管 galvanized steel pipe排污阀 blowdown valve集液排放阀 drip valve排液阀 drain valve放空阀 vent valve卸载阀 unloading valve排出阀 discharge valve吸入阀 suction valve取样阀 sampling valve手动阀 hand operated(manually-operated) valve(水)龙头 bibb;bib;faucet抽出液阀(小阀) bleed valve旁路阀 by-pass valve软管阀 hose valve混合阀 mixing valve破真空阀 vacuum breaker冲洗阀 flush valve根部阀 root (primary, header) valve水煤气钢管 water-gas steel pipe塑料管 plastic pipe玻璃管 glass tube橡胶管 rubber tube壁厚 wall thickness[WT]壁厚系列号 schedule number[SCH.NO.]加厚的,加强的 extra heavy (strong)双倍加厚的,双倍加强的 double extra heavy (strong) 弯头 elbow异径弯头 reducing elbow长半径弯头 long radius elbow短半径弯头 short radius elbow长半径180°弯头 long radius return短半径180°弯头 short radius return三通 tee异径三通 reducing tee等径三通 straight tee带支座三通 base tee45°斜三通 45°lateralY型三通 true"Y"四通 cross异径管 reducer同心异径管 concentric reducer偏心异径管 eccentric reducer管接头 coupling;full coupling活接头 union短管 nipple预制弯管 fabricated pipe bendU型弯管 "U"bend法兰端 flanged end万向接头 universal joint对焊的 butt welded[BW]螺纹的 threaded[THD]承插焊的 socket welded[SW]法兰 flange[FLG]整体管法兰 integral pipe flange钢管法兰 steel pipe flange螺纹法兰 threaded flange滑套法兰 slip-on flange平焊法兰 slip-on-welding flange承插焊法兰 socket welding flange松套法兰 lap joint flange[LJF]对焊法兰 weld neck flange[WNF]法兰盖 blind flange;blind异径法兰 reducing flange压力级 pressure rating(class)突面 raised face[RF]凸面 male face凹面 female face全平面;满平面 flat face;full face[FF]3.管道特殊件 piping speciality粗滤器 strainer过滤器 filter临时过滤器 temporary strainer(cone type) Y型过滤器 Y-type strainerT型过滤器 T-type strainer永久过滤器 permanent filter洗眼器及淋浴器 eye washer and shower 视镜 sight glass阻火器 flame arrester喷咀;喷头 spray nozzle喷射器 ejector取样冷却器 sample cooler消音器 silencer膨胀节 expansion joint波纹膨胀节 bellow补偿器 compensator软管接头 hose connection[HC]快速接头 quick coupling金属软管 metal hose橡胶管 rubber hose挠性管 flexible tube特殊法兰 special flange漏斗 funnel8字盲板 spectacle (figure 8) blind爆破板 rupture disk4,其它材料碳素钢 carbon steel [C.S.]不锈钢 stainless steel[S.S.]铸铁 cast iron[C.I.]铝 aluminum铜,紫铜 copper钛 titanium抗拉强度 tensile strength非金属材料 non-metallic material塑料 plastic陶瓷 ceramic搪瓷 porcelain enamel玻璃 glass橡胶 rubber垫片 gasket[GSKT]平垫片 flat gasket填料 packing型钢 shaped steel角钢 angle steel槽钢 channel工字钢 I-beam宽缘工字钢或H钢 wide flanged beam扁钢 flat bar圆钢 round steel; rod钢带 strap steel网络钢板 checkered plate材料表 bill of material[BOM]材料统计 material take-off[MTO]散装材料 bulk material综合管道材料表 consolidated piping material summary sheet[CPMSS]汇总表 summary sheet5.设备布置及管道设计中心线 center line装置边界 boundary limit[BL]区界 area limit设备布置 equipment arrangement (layout);plot plan标高,立面 elevation[EL]支撑点 point of support[POS]工厂北向 plant north方位 orientation危险区 hazardous area classification净正吸入压头 net positive suction head绝对标高 absolute elevation坐标 coordinate管道研究 piping study管道布置平面 piping arrangement plan[PAP]管道布置 piping assembly; layout详图 detail"X"视图 view "X""A-A" 剖视 section "A-A"轴测图 isometric drawing索引图 key plan管道及仪表流程图 piping and instrument diagram[P&ID]管口表 list of nozzles地上管道 above ground piping 地下管道 under ground piping 管线号 line number总管 header; manifold旁路 by pass常开 normally open常闭 normally closed取样接口 sampling connection 伴热管 tracing pipe蒸汽伴热 steam tracing热水伴热 hot-water tracing电伴热 electrical tracing夹套管 jacketed line全夹套管 full jacketed比例 scale图 figure草图 sketch图例 legend符号 symbol件号 part n。
化学专业课程中英文对照1.普通化学 General Chemistry2.分析化学 Analytical Chemistry3.有机化学 Organic Chemistry4.物理化学 Physical Chemistry5.谱学导论 Introducton of Spectroscopy6.无机化学 Inorganic Chemistry7.普通化学和分析化学实验 Experiments of General and Analytical Chemistry8.现代基础化学 The Principle of Mordern Chemistry9.现代基础化学实验 Experiments of Modern Fundamental Chemistry11.有机化学实验 Experiments of Organic Chemistry 仪器分析和物理化学实验Experiments of Instrumental Analysis and Physical Chemistry 合成化学实验Experiments of Synthetic Chemistry 现代化学专题 Topic of Modern Chemistry 化学综合实验 Experiments of Comprehensive Chemistry 化工原理 Principle of Chemical Engineering 化工原理实验 Experiments of Chemical Engineering 应用化学实验Experiments of Applied Chemistry 无机合成化学 Synthetic Inorganic Chemistry 近代分析化学 Modern Analytical Chemistry 分离分析化学 Separation Analytical Chemistry 有机化合物波谱鉴定 Spectrum Identification of Organic Compounds 有机合成及反应机理 Organic Synthesis and Mechanics 化学进展 Progress in Chemistry 化学反应工程 Chemical Reaction Engineering 应用电化学 Applied Electrochemistry 工业催化 Industrial Catalysis 环境化学 Environmental Chemistry 环境监测Environmental Monitoring 化学科技英语 Scientific English for Chemistry 数理方法在化学中的应用 Mathematical Statistics for Chemistry 化工制图 Chemical Engineering Cartography 计算机与化学测量实验 Computer and Chemical Measurement 化学信息学 Chemoinformatics or Chemical Informatics 应用化学专题 Special Topics in Applied Chemistry化工装置常用词汇 1一概论 introduction 方案(建议书) proposal 可行性研究 feasibility study 方案设计concept design 工艺设计 process design 基础设计 basic design 详细设计 detail design 开工会议 kick-off meeting 审核会议 review meeting 外商投资 foreign investment 中外合资 joint venture 中外合营 joint venture 补偿贸易 compensation trade 合同合同附件 contract 卖方 vendor 买方 buyer 顾客 client 承包商contractor 工程公司 company 供应范围 scope of supply 生产范围 production scope 生产能力 production capacity 项目 project 界区 battery limit 装置 plant 公用工程utilities 工艺流程图 process flow diagram 工艺流程方块图 process block diagram 管道及仪表流程图 piping and instrument drawing 物料及热量平衡图 mass & heat balance diagram 蒸汽及冷凝水平衡图 steam & condensate balance diagram 设备布置图equipment layout 设备表 equipment list 成品(产品) product(final product) 副产品by-product 原料 raw-material 设计基础数据 basic data for design 技术数据technical data 数据表 data sheet 设计文件 design document 设计规定 design regulation 现场服务 site service 项目变更 project change 用户变更 client change 消耗定额 consumption quota 技术转让 technical transfer 技术知识 technicalknow-how technical knowledge 技术保证 technical guarantee 咨询服务 consultative services 技术服务 technical services 工作地点 location 施工现场 construction field 报价 quotation 标书 bidding book 公司利润 company profit 固定价合同 fixed price contract 固定单价合同 fixed unit price contract 成本加酬金合同 cost plus award fee contract 定金 mobilization 银行保证书 bank guarantee letter 保留金retention 所得税 income taxes 特别承包人税 special contractor's taxes 城市和市政税 city and municipal taxes 工作手册 work manual 工作流程图 work flow diagram 质量保证程序 QA/QC procedures 采购计划 procurement plan 施工计划 construction plan 施工进度 construction schedule 项目实施计划 project execution plan 项目协调程序project coordination procedure 项目总进度计划 project master schedule 设计网络计划 engineering network logic 项目质量保证 project quality assurance 项目质量控制project quality control 采购 procurement 采购周期 procurement period 会签 the squad check 计算书 calculation sheets 询价 inquiry 检验 inspection 运输transportation 开车 start up / commission 验收 inspection & acceptance 校核 check审核 review 审定 approve 版次 version 部门 department 专业 specialty 项目号project number 图号 drawing number 目录 contents 序言 foreword 章 chapter 节section 项 item MR material requisition SPEC engineering specification DATA SHEET (技术表) technical data sheet TBA(技术评标) technical bid analysis PDP preliminary design package PM (项目经理) project manager LDE(专业负责人) lead discipline engineer Material requisition for quotation MRQ(材料询价单) MRP(材料采购单) material requisition for purchase BEP(基础工程设计包) basic engineering package P&ID(管道及仪表流程图) piping and instrument drawing(diagram) PFD process flow diagram NNF normally no flow FO failure open FC failure close C/S/Acivil/structure/architecture detail design phase DDP(详细设计阶段)二. 工艺流程连续过程 continuous process 间歇过程 batch process 工艺叙述 process description 工艺特点 process feature 操作 operation 反应 reaction 副反应 side reaction 絮凝flocculation 浮洗 flotation 倾析 decantation 催化反应 catalytical reaction 萃取extraction 中和 neutralization 水解 hydrolysis 过滤 filtration 干燥 drying 还原reduction 氧化 oxidation 氢化 hydrogenation 分解 decomposition 离解dissociation 合成 synthetics 吸收 absorption 吸附 adsorption 解吸 desorption 结晶 crystallization 溶解 solution 调节 modulate 控制 control 悬浮 suspension 循环 circulation 再生 regeneration 再活化 reactivation 沥取 leaching 破碎crushing 煅烧 caloination 沉降 sedimentation 沉淀 precipitation 气化gasification 冷冻 refrigeration 固化、结晶 solidification 包装 package 升华sublimation 燃烧 combustion 引烧 ignition 蒸馏 distillation 碳化 carbonization 压缩 compression三、化学物质及特性固体 solid 液体 liquid 气体 gas 化合物 compound 混合物 mixture 粉 powder 片状粉未 flake 小粒 granule 结晶 crystal 乳化物 emulsion 氧化物 oxidizing agent 还原剂 reducing agent 有机物 organic material 真空 vacuum 母液 master liquor 富液rich liquor 贫液 lean liquor 萃出物 extract 萃余物 raffinate 絮凝剂 flocculants冷冻盐水 brine 酸度 acidity 浓度 concentration 碱度 alkalinity 溶解度solubility 凝固点 solidificalion point 沸点 boiling point 熔点 melting point 蒸发率 evaporation rate 粘度 viscosity 吸水的 water absorbent(a) 无水的anhydrous(a) 外观 appearance 无色的 colorless(a) 透明的 transparent(a) 半透明的translucent 密度 density 比重 specific gravity 催化剂 catalyst 燃烧 combustion 引燃 ignition 自然点 self-ignition temperature 可燃气体 combustible gas 可燃液体inflammable liquid 易燃液体 volatile liquid 爆炸混合物 explosive mixture 爆炸性环境 explosive atmosphere(environment) 爆炸极限 explosive concentration limit 废水 waste water 废液 waste liquid 废气 off-gas 噪声 noise pollution 成分composition 挠度 deflection 力和力矩 force and moment 弯矩 bending moment 应力-应变曲线 stress-strain diagram 百分比 percentage 环境温度 ambient temperature 工作温度 operating 设计温度 design temperature(pressure) 相对湿度 RH=relative humidity 油渣、淤泥 sludge 杂质 impurity四、化工设备泵 pump 轴流泵 axial flow pump 真空泵 vacuum pump 屏蔽泵 canned pump 柱塞泵plunger pump 涡轮泵 turbine pump 涡流泵 vortex pump 离心泵 centrifugal pump 喷射泵 jet pump 转子泵 rotary pump 管道泵 inline pump 双作用往复泵 double action reciprocating pump 计量泵 metering pump 深井泵 deep well pump 齿轮泵 gear pump 手摇泵 hand(wobble) pump 螺杆泵 screw (spiral) pump 潜水泵 submersible pump 斜转子泵 inclined rotor pump 封闭式电磁泵 hermetically sealed magnetic drive pump 气升泵 air-lift-pump 轴承 bearing 叶轮 impeller 虹吸管 siphon 高压容器 high pressure vessel 焚化炉 incinerator 火焰清除器 flame arrester 工业炉 furnace 烧嘴burner 锅炉 boiler 回转窑 rotary kiln 加热器 heater 电加热器 electric heater 冷却器 cooler 冷凝器 condenser 换热器 heat exchanger 反应器 reactor 蒸馏釜 still 搅拌器 agitator 混合器 mixer 静态混合器 static mixers 管道混合器 line mixers 混合槽 mixing tanks 破碎机 crusher 磨碎机 grinder 研磨机 pulverizer 球磨机ballmill 过滤器 filter 分离器 separator 干燥器 drier 翅片 fins 烟囱 stack 火炬flare 筛子 screen 煅烧窑 calciner 倾析器 decanter 蒸发器 evaporator 再沸器reboiler 萃取器 extractor 离心机 centrifuger 吸附(收)器 adsorber 结晶器crystallizer 电解槽 electrolyzer 电除尘器 electric precipitator 洗涤器 scrubber 消石灰器 slaker 料仓 bin 料斗 hopper 加料器 feeder 增稠器 thickener 澄清器clarifier 分级器 classifier 浮洗器 flocculator 废液池 sump 喷射器 ejector 喷头sprayer 成套设备 package unit 仪器设备 apparatus 附属设备 accessory 旋转式压缩机 rotary compressor 往复式压缩机 reciprocating compressor 水环式压缩机 nash compressor 螺杆式压缩机 helical screw compressor 离心式压缩机 centrifugal compressor 多级压缩机 mutiple stages compressor 固定床反应器 fixed bed reactor 流化床反应器 fluidized bed reactor 管式反应器 tubular reactor 列管式换热器 tubular heat exchanger 螺旋板式换热器 spiral plate heat exchanger 萃取塔 extraction column 板式塔 plate column 填料塔 packed column 洗涤塔 scrubber 吸收塔 absorber 冷却塔 cooling tower 精馏塔 fractionating tower 汽提塔 stripper 再生塔regenerator 造粒塔 prill tower 塔附件 tower accessories 液体分配(布)器 liquid distributor 填料支持板 support plate 定距管 spacer 降液管 downcomer 升气管chimney 顶(底)层塔盘 top (bottom) tray 挡板 baffle 抽出口 draw nozzle 溢流堰weir 泡罩 bubble cap 筛板 sieve plate 浮阀 float valve 除沫器 demister pad 塔裙座 skirt 椭圆封头 elliptical head 高位槽 head tank 中间槽 intermediate tank 加料槽 feed tank 补给槽 make-up tank 计量槽 measuring tank 电解槽 cell 溜槽 chute 收集槽 collecting tank 液滴分离器 knockout drum 稀释罐 thinning tank 缓冲罐 surge drum 回流罐 reflux drum 闪蒸罐 flash drum 浮顶罐 floating roof tank 内浮顶罐covered floating roof tank 球罐 spheroid 气柜 gas holder 湿式气柜 wet gas-holder 干式气柜 dry gas-holder 螺旋式气柜 helical gas-holder 星型放料器,旋转阀 rotary valve 抽滤器 mutche filter 压滤器 filter press 压滤机 pressure filter 板框压滤器plate-and-fram filter press 转鼓过滤器 rotary drum filter 带式过滤器 belt filter 翻盘式过滤器袋滤器 bag filter 旋风分离器 cyclone separator 盘式干燥箱compartment tray drier 真空干燥器 vacuum drier 隧道式干燥器 tunnel drier 回转干燥器 rotary drier 穿流循环干燥器 through circulation drier 喷雾干燥器 spray drier 气流干燥器 pneumatic conveyor drier 圆盘式加料器 dish feeder 螺旋式加料器 screw feeder 颚式破碎机 jaw crusher 回转破碎机 gyratory crusher 滚洞破碎机 rollcrusher 锤式破碎机 hammer crusher 冲击破碎机 rotor impact breaker 气流喷射粉碎机jet pulverizer 棍磨机 rod mill 雷蒙机 raymond mill 锤磨机 hammer mill 辊磨机roller mill 振动筛 vibrating screen 回转筛 rotary screen 风机 fan 罗茨鼓风机起重机桥式起重机电动葫芦发电机电动机汽轮机 root's blower crane bridge crane motor hoist generator motor steam turbine五、管道工程 piping engineering1 阀门 valve阀杆 stem 内螺纹阀杆 inside screw 阀座 valve seat (body seat) 阀座环、密封圈sealing ring 阀芯(包括密封圈,杆等) trim 阀盘 disc 阀体 body 阀盖 bonnet 手轮hand wheel 手柄 hand level (handle) 压盖 gland 闸阀 gate valve 平行双闸板 double disc parallel seat 楔形单闸板 split wedge 截止阀 globe valve 节流阀 throttle valve 针阀 needle valve 角阀(角式截止阀) angle valve Y 型阀(截止阀)Y-valve(Y-body globe valve) 球阀 ball valve 三通球阀 3-way ball valve 蝶阀butterfly valve 对夹式(薄片型) wafer type 偏心阀板蝶阀 offset disc (eccentric) butterfly valve 斜阀盘蝶阀 canted disc butterfly valve 连杆式蝶阀 link butterfly valve 止回式蝶阀 combined non-return butterfly valve 柱塞阀 piston type valve 旋塞阀 plug valve 三通旋塞阀 three-way plug valve 四通旋塞阀 four-way plug valve 旋塞 cock 衬套旋塞 sleeve cock 隔膜阀 diaphragm valve 橡胶衬里隔膜阀 rubber lined diaphragm valve 直通式隔膜阀 straight way diaphragm valve 夹紧式胶管阀 pinch valve 止回阀 check valve 升降式止回阀 lift check valve 旋启式止回阀 swing check valve 落球式止回阀 ball check valve 弹簧球式止回阀 spring ball check valve 底阀foot valve 切断式止回阀 stop check valve 活塞式止回阀 piston check valve 翻板止回阀 flap check valve 蝶式止回阀 butterfly check valve 安全泄气阀 safety[SV] 安全泄放阀 relief valve[RV] 安全泄压阀 safety relief valve 杠杆重锤式 lever and weight type 罐底排污阀 flush-bottom tank valve 波纹管密封阀 bellow sealed valve 电磁阀 solenoid (operated) valve 电动阀 electrically(electric-motor)operated valve 气动阀 pneumatic operated valve 低温用阀 cryogenic service valve 蒸汽疏水阀 steam trap 机械式疏水阀 mechanical trap 浮桶式疏水阀 open (top) bucket trap 浮球式疏水阀 float trap 倒吊桶式疏水阀 inverted bucket trap 自由浮球式疏水阀 loose float trap 恒温式疏水阀 thermostatic trap 压力平衡式恒温疏水阀 balanced pressure thermostatic trap 热动力式疏水阀 thermodynamic trap 脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀 impulse steam trap 放汽阀(自动放汽阀) (automatic) air vent valve 换向阀 diverting (reversing) valve 呼吸阀 breather valve 减压阀 pressure reducing valve 控制阀control valve 执行机构 actuator 差压调节阀 differential pressure regulating valve 切断阀 block (shut-off, stop) valve 调节阀 regulating valve 快开阀 quick opening valve 快闭阀 quick closing valve 隔断阀 isolating valve 三通阀 three way valve 夹套阀 jacketed valve 非旋转式阀 non-rotary valve2 管子,管件,法兰管子 pipe(按标准制造的配管用管) tube(不按标准规格制造的其它用管) 钢管 steel pipe 铸铁管 cast iron pipe 衬里管 lined pipe 复合管 clad pipe 碳钢管 carbonsteel[C.S.]pipe 合金钢管 alloy steel pipe 不锈钢管 stainless steel[S.S.]pipe 奥氏体不锈钢管 austenitic stainless steel pipe 铁合金钢管 ferritic alloy steel pipe 轧制钢管 wrought-steel pipe 锻铁管 wrought-iron pipe 无缝钢管 seamless[SMLS] steel pipe 焊接钢管 welded steel pipe 电阻焊钢管 electric-resistance-welded steel pipe 电熔(弧)焊钢板卷管 electric-fusion(arc)-welded steel-plate pipe 螺旋焊接钢管 spiral welded steel pipe 镀锌钢管 galvanized steel pipe 排污阀 blowdown valve 集液排放阀 drip valve 排液阀 drain valve 放空阀 vent valve 卸载阀 unloading valve 排出阀 discharge valve 吸入阀 suction valve 取样阀 sampling valve 手动阀 hand operated(manually-operated) valve (水)龙头 bibb;bib;faucet 抽出液阀(小阀) bleed valve 旁路阀 by-pass valve 软管阀 hose valve 混合阀 mixing valve 破真空阀 vacuum breaker 冲洗阀 flush valve 根部阀 root (primary, header) valve 水煤气钢管water-gas steel pipe 塑料管 plastic pipe 玻璃管 glass tube 橡胶管 rubber tube 壁厚 wall thickness[WT] 壁厚系列号 schedule number[SCH.NO.] 加厚的,加强的 extra heavy (strong) 双倍加厚的,双倍加强的 double extra heavy (strong) 弯头 elbow 异径弯头 reducing elbow 长半径弯头 long radius elbow 短半径弯头 short radius elbow 长半径 180°弯头 long radius return 短半径 180°弯头 short radius return 三通 tee 异径三通 reducing tee 等径三通 straight tee 带支座三通 base tee 45°斜三通 45°lateral true"Y" Y 型三通四通 cross 异径管 reducer 同心异径管 concentric reducer 偏心异径管 eccentric reducer 管接头 coupling;full coupling 活接头 union 短管nipple 预制弯管 fabricated pipe bend U 型弯管 "U"bend 法兰端 flanged end 万向接头 universal joint 对焊的 butt welded[BW] 螺纹的 threaded[THD] 承插焊的 socket welded[SW] 法兰 flange[FLG] 整体管法兰 integral pipe flange 钢管法兰 steel pipe flange 螺纹法兰 threaded flange 滑套法兰 slip-on flange 平焊法兰 slip-on-welding flange 承插焊法兰 socket welding flange 松套法兰 lap joint flange[LJF] 对焊法兰weld neck flange[WNF] 法兰盖 blind flange;blind 异径法兰 reducing flange 压力级pressure rating(class) 突面 raised face[RF] 凸面 male face 凹面 female face 全平面;满平面 flat face;full face[FF]3.管道特殊件 piping speciality粗滤器 strainer 过滤器 filter 临时过滤器 temporary strainer(cone type) Y 型过滤器 Y-type strainer T 型过滤器 T-type strainer 永久过滤器 permanent filter 洗眼器及淋浴器 eye washer and shower 视镜 sight glass 阻火器 flame arrester 喷咀;喷头spray nozzle 喷射器 ejector 取样冷却器 sample cooler 消音器 silencer 膨胀节expansion joint 波纹膨胀节 bellow 补偿器 compensator 软管接头 hose connection[HC] 快速接头 quick coupling 金属软管 metal hose 橡胶管 rubber hose 挠性管 flexible tube 特殊法兰 special flange 漏斗 funnel 8 字盲板 spectacle (figure 8) blind 爆破板 rupture disk4,其它材料碳素钢 carbon steel [C.S.]不锈钢 stainless steel[S.S.] 铸铁 cast iron[C.I.] 铝aluminum 铜,紫铜 copper 钛 titanium 抗拉强度 tensile strength 非金属材料non-metallic material 塑料 plastic 陶瓷 ceramic 搪瓷 porcelain enamel 玻璃 glass 橡胶 rubber 垫片 gasket[GSKT] 平垫片 flat gasket 填料 packing 型钢 shaped steel 角钢 angle steel 槽钢 channel 工字钢 I-beam 宽缘工字钢或 H 钢 wide flanged beam 扁钢 flat bar 圆钢 round steel; rod 钢带 strap steel 网络钢板 checkered plate 材料表 bill of material[BOM] 材料统计 material take-off[MTO] 散装材料 bulk material 综合管道材料表 consolidated piping material summary sheet[CPMSS] 汇总表 summary sheet5.设备布置及管道设计中心线 center line 装置边界 boundary limit[BL] 区界 area limit 设备布置equipment arrangement (layout);plot plan 标高,立面 elevation[EL] 支撑点 point of support[POS] 工厂北向 plant north 方位 orientation 危险区 hazardous area classification 净正吸入压头 net positive suction head 绝对标高 absolute elevation 坐标 coordinate 管道研究 piping study 管道布置平面 piping arrangement plan[PAP] 管道布置 piping assembly; layout 详图 detail "X"视图 view "X" "A-A" 剖视 section "A-A" 轴测图 isometric drawing 索引图 key plan 管道及仪表流程图 piping and instrument diagram[P&ID] 管口表 list of nozzles 地上管道 above ground piping 地下管道 under ground piping 管线号 line number 总管 header; manifold 旁路 by pass 常开 normally open 常闭 normally closed 取样接口 sampling connection 伴热管tracing pipe 蒸汽伴热 steam tracing 热水伴热 hot-water tracing 电伴热 electrical tracing 夹套管 jacketed line 全夹套管 full jacketed 比例 scale 图 figure 草图sketch 图例 legend 符号 symbol 件号 part n。
c acid c 酸c stage resin c 级⼫c2chemistry c2化学cabinet dryer ⼲燥箱cable lacquer 电缆漆cable oil 电缆油cacao butter 可可脂cacodyl chloride 卡可基氯cacodyl oxide 卡可基氧cacodylate 卡可酸盐cacodylic acid 卡可酸cacotheline 卡可伍cadalene 卡达萘cadaverine ⼫胺cadinene 杜松烯cadmium 镉cadmium acetate 醋酸镉cadmium bromide 溴化镉cadmium carbonate 碳酸镉cadmium chloride 氯化镉cadmium hydroxide 氢氧化镉cadmium iodide 碘化镉cadmium nitrate 硝酸镉cadmium plating 镀镉cadmium red 镉红cadmium selenide 硒化镉cadmium standard cell 镉标准电池cadmium sulfate 硫酸镉cadmium sulfide 硫化镉cadmium yellow 镉黄caffeic acid 咖啡酸caffeine 咖啡碱cage compound 笼状化合物cajeput oil ⽩千层油cake 滤渣caking 粘结caking agent of coal 煤粘结剂caking coal 粘结煤caking property 粘结性calamine 异极矿calaverite 碲⾦矿calciferol 钙化醇calcification 钙化酌calcimeter 碳酸计calcination 煅烧calcined clay 煅烧的粘⼟calcined gypsum 烧⽯膏calcined magnesia 煅镁氧calcined phosphate fertilizer 烧制磷肥calcining 煅烧calcining furnace 煅烧炉calcining zone 煅烧带calcite ⽅解⽯calcitonin 降钙素calcium 钙calcium aluminate 铝酸钙calcium antagonist 钙拮抗剂calcium arsenate 砷酸钙calcium arsenite 亚砷酸钙calcium carbide 碳化钙calcium chlorate 氯酸钙calcium chloride 氯化钙calcium chloride tube 氯化钙管calcium chromate 铬酸钙calcium cyanamide 氰氨化钙calcium cyanide 氰化钙calcium fluoride 氟化钙calcium hydride 氢化钙calcium hydrosulfide 氢硫化钙calcium hydroxide 氢氧化钙calcium iodide 碘化钙calcium lactate 乳酸钙calcium monohydrogenphosphate 磷酸⼀氢钙calcium nitrate 硝酸钙calcium oxide 氧化钙calcium pantothenate 泛酸钙calcium phosphate 磷酸钙calcium phosphide 磷化钙calcium rhodanide 硫氰酸钙calcium silicate 硅酸钙calcium sulfate 硫酸钙calcium sulfide 硫化钙calcium thiocyanate 硫氰酸钙calcium tungstate 钨酸钙calcon 钙试剂calculus of variations 变分法calender 砑光机calender bowl 砑光滚筒calender roller 砑光滚筒calendering 砑光calibration 校准calibration curve 标定曲线calibration error 标定误差calibration reference 校准基准caliche ⽣硝calico printing 棉布印花californium 锎calking compound 嵌缝填料calomel ⽢汞calomel electrode ⽢汞电极calomel half cell ⽢汞半电池calorie 卡calorific capacity 热容量calorific equivalent 热当量calorific value 热值calorification 发热calorifics 热学calorimeter 量热器卡计calorimetry 量热calory 卡campesterol 芸苔甾醇camphane 莰烷camphene 莰烯camphor 樟脑camphor oil 樟脑油canada balsam 加拿⼤胶canada turpentine 加拿⼤胶canal dryer 管道⼲燥器cananga oil ⾐兰油canavanine ⼑⾖氨酸candelilla wax ⼩烛⽯candle filter 滤烛candle moulding machine 制烛机cane ⽢蔗cane sugar 蔗糖cannabidiol ⼤⿇⼆酚cannabinol ⼤⿇醇cannel coal 烛煤cannizzaro reaction 坎尼扎罗反应canonical ensemble 正则系综canonical formula 极限构造式canonical variable 正则变量cantharides camphor 芫菁素cantharidin 芫菁素caoutchouc ⽣橡胶cap 盖罩;雷管capacitative current 容性电流capacity 容量capacity current 容性电流capillar activity ⽑细活性capillarimeter ⽑细管检液仪capillarity ⽑细管现象capillary action ⽑细管酌capillary active substance ⽑细管活动物质capillary analysis ⽑细管分析capillary attraction ⽑细管引⼒capillary condensation ⽑细管凝聚capillary electrometer ⽑细管静电计capillary gas chromatography ⽑细管⽓相⾊谱capillary phenomenon ⽑细管现象capillary pipet ⽑细吸管capillary tube ⽑细管capillary tube method ⽑细管法capillary viscometer ⽑细管粘度计capillator ⽑细管⽐⾊计capillometer ⽑细管测试仪caprate 癸酸盐capric acid 癸酸caproic acid ⼰酸caprolactam ⼰内酰胺capronaldehyde ⼰醛caprone 卡普纶capryl acetate 醋酸⼰酯caprylic acid ⾟酸caprylic alcohol ⾟醇caprylic aldehyde ⾟醛capsaicin 辣椒素capsaicine 辣椒素capsanthin 辣椒质capsule 胶囊captan 卡菌丹captax 卡普踏克斯capture 捕获caramel 焦糖carane 蒈carat 开caraway oil 苋蒿⼦油carbamate 氨基甲酸盐carbamic acid 氨基甲酸carbamide 脲carbamyl chloride 氨基甲酰氯carbanilide 碳酰替carbazole 咔唑carbene 炭青质carbene complex 碳烯复体carbenium ion 碳正离⼦carbide 碳化钙carbide furnace 碳化炉carbide slag 碳化物炉渣carbinol 甲醇carbocation 阳碳离⼦carbocyclic compound 碳环化合物carbohydrase 糖酶carbohydrate 碳⽔化合物carboids 油焦质carbolic acid ⽯碳酸carbolic oil 酚油carbon 碳carbon arc 碳弧carbon black 炭⿊carbon brick 碳砖carbon brush 炭刷carbon chain 碳链carbon compound 碳化合物carbon content 碳含量carbon dioxide ⼆氧化碳carbon disulfide ⼆硫化碳carbon electrode 炭精电极carbon fiber 碳纤维carbon film resistor 碳膜电阻器carbon hexachloride 六氯⼄烷carbon monoxide ⼀氧化碳carbon paper 炭纸carbon residue 炭渣carbon steel 碳钢carbon tetrachloride 四氯化碳carbonado ⿊⾦刚⽯carbonatation 碳酸化carbonate 碳酸盐carbonate fusion 碳酸盐熔融carbonic acid 碳酸carbonic acid assimilation 碳酸同化carbonic acid gas 碳酸⽓carbonic anhydride 碳酐carbonium ion 阳碳离⼦carbonization 碳化carbonmonoxyhemoglobin ⼀氧化碳⾎红蛋⽩carbonyl bromide 碳酰溴carbonyl chloride 碳酰氯carbonyl compound 羰基化合物carbonyl group 羰基carbonyl reagent 羰基试剂carbonyl sulfide 硫化羰carbonylation 羰基化carborundum ⾦刚砂carborundum brick ⾦刚砂砖carborundum paper 砂纸carboxyl group 羧基carboxylase 羧基酶carboxylation 羧化carboxylic 类羧酸的carboxylic acid 羧酸carboxymethyl cellulose 羧甲基纤维素carboy 酸瓶carboy tilter 酸坛倾架carburan 铀铅沥青carburation 增热carburetor 增热器carburetted water gas 增烃⽔煤⽓carburization 渗碳carbylamine 胩carcass 构架carcinogens 致癌物cardamon ⼩⾖蔻cardamon oil ⼩⾖蔻油cardboard 纸板cardiac glycoside 强⼼苷cardiolipin ⼼脂质cardiotonic drug 强⼼剂carene 蒈烯carmine 胭脂红carmine lake 胭脂红⾊料carminic acid 胭脂红酸carnallite 光卤⽯carnauba wax 加洛巴蜡carnaubic acid 廿四酸carnitine ⾁毒碱carnosine 肌肽carnot's cycle 卡诺循环carnot's theorem 卡诺定理carotene 胡萝⼘素carotenoid 类胡萝⼘素carotin 胡萝⼘素carotinoid 类胡萝⼘素carrier 载体carrier distillation 载体蒸馏carrier gas 载⽓carry over 携带carthamin 红花黄carton 纸板cartridge 弹药筒carvacrol ⾹芹酚carvone ⾹芹酮caryophyllene 丁⼦⾹烯caryophyllin 丁⼦⾹素cascade 级联阶式蒸发器cascade refrigerating system 级联冷冻系统cascade shower 级联簇射case hardening 表⾯硬化casein 酪朊casein glue 酪蛋⽩胶casein paint 酪朊涂料casein plastic 酪朊塑料caseinogen 酪朊原casing 外壳casing head gasoline 天然汽油casing of a boiler 锅炉围壁cassel brown 颜料棕casserole 勺⽫cassia oil ⾁桂油cassiopeium 镥cast resin 铸型⼫castable refractories 耐⽕浆料castings 铸造物catabolism 异化酌catabolite 降解产物catalase 过氧化氢酶catalysis 催化catalyst 催化剂catalyst carrier 催化剂载体catalyst selectivity 催化剂选择性catalyst surface area 催化剂表⾯积catalytic action 催化酌catalytic activity sequence 催化活性序列catalytic analysis 催化分析catalytic aromatization 催化芳化catalytic combustion 催化燃烧catalytic cracking 催化分解catalytic hydrogenation 催化氢化catalytic oxidation 催化氧化catalytic poison 催化毒catalytic polymerization 催化聚合catalytic reaction 催化反应catalytic reduction 催化还原catalytic reforming 催化改质catalyzer 催化剂cataphoresis 电泳catastrophe theory 突变理论catcher 捕集器catechin ⼋茶酸catechol ⼋茶酚catecholamine ⼋茶酚胺catenane 套环烷catgut 肠线catharometer ⽓体分析仪catharometry ⽓体分析法cathepsin 组织蛋⽩酶cathetometer 测⾼计cathode 阴极cathode drop 阴极电势降cathode efficiency 阴极效率cathode fall 阴极电势降cathode layer 阴极层cathode luminescence 阴极发光cathode ray 阴极射线cathode ray luminescence 阴极射线发光cathode ray oscillograph 阴极线⽰波器cathodic inhibitor 阴极抑制剂cathodic polarization 阴极极化cathodic protection 阴极防蚀cathodic reaction 阴极反应cathodic reduction 阴极还原catholyte 阴极电解液cation 阳离⼦cation exchange 阳离⼦交换cation exchange membrane 阳离⼦交换膜cation exchange resin 阳离⼦交换⼫cation soap 阳离⼦皂cationic detergent 阳离⼦型洗涤剂cationic dye 阳离⼦染料cationic heteroatom 阳异原⼦cationic polymerization_ 阳离⼦聚合cationic surface active agent 阳离⼦表⾯活性剂cationic surfactant 阳离⼦表⾯活性剂cationoid reagent 阳离⼦试剂caulking compound 嵌缝填料causality 因果律caustic alkali 苛性碱caustic baryta 氢氧化钡caustic lime 苛性⽯灰caustic potash 氢氧化钾caustic soda 苛性苏打caustic wash 碱洗causticity 苛性度caustification 苛化cavitation 空⽳现象cedar oil 雪松油cedrene 雪松烯ceiling temperature 顶棚温度celestine 天青⽯celestite 天青⽯celite c 盐cell 电池;细胞cell constant 电池常数cellobiase 纤维⼆糖酶cellobiose 纤维⼆糖cellophane 玻璃纸cellosolve 溶纤剂cellular constituent 细胞成分cellular plastics 泡沫塑料cellular rubber 海绵橡胶cellular structure 细胞状结构cellulase 纤维酶celluloid 赛珞璐cellulose 纤维素cellulose acetate ⼄酰纤维素cellulose acetate butyrate 醋酸丁酸纤维素cellulose acetate fiber 醋酸纤维素纤维cellulose acetate rayon 醋酸纤维素⼈造丝cellulose ester 纤维素酯cellulose ether 纤维素醚cellulose filler 纤维填料cellulose glycolate 羧甲基纤维素cellulose hydrate 纤维素⽔合物cellulose micell 纤维素微胞cellulose nitrate 硝酸纤维素cellulose nitrate acetate 硝基⼄酸纤维素cellulose plastics 纤维素塑料cellulose propionate 丙酸纤维素cellulose triacetate 三醋酸纤维素cellulose xanthate 黄原酸纤维素celsius scale 摄⽒温标celsius thermometer 摄⽒温度计cement ⽔泥cement clinker ⽔泥烧块cement copper 淀积铜cement mortar ⽔泥灰奖cement paste ⽔泥浆cementation 渗碳cementing material 粘合剂cementite 渗碳体center of mass 质量中⼼center of symmetry 对称中⼼centinormal 1%当量浓度的centipoise 厘泊centistoke 厘司central force field 中⼼⼒场central limit theorem 中⼼极限定理centrifugal analysis 离⼼分析centrifugal casting 离⼼铸造centrifugal compressor 离⼼压缩机centrifugal dehydrator 离⼼脱⽔机centrifugal extractor 离⼼萃取器centrifugal fan 离⼼通风机centrifugal force 离⼼⼒centrifugal governor 离⼼蒂器centrifugal pump 离⼼泵centrifugal sedimentation 离⼼沉降centrifugal separator 离⼼分离器centrifugal washer 离⼼洗涤器centrifugation 离⼼分离centrifuge refining 离⼼精制centripetal force 向⼼⼒cephaeline 吐根酚碱cephaline 脑磷脂ceramic industry 陶瓷⼯业ceramic membrane 陶瓷膜ceramics 陶瓷ceramography 陶瓷相学ceramoplastics 陶瓷塑料cerargyrite ⾓银矿cerate 蜡剂cereal ⾕物cerebronic acid 脑酮酸cerebroside 脑⽢脂ceresin ⽊炭ceresine 地蜡ceria ⼆氧化铈ceric oxide ⼆氧化铈ceric sulfate 硫酸⾼铈cerimetric titration 铈滴定cerimetry 铈滴定cerium 铈cerium chloride 氯化铈cerium hydroxide 氢氧化铈cerium nitrate 硝酸铈cerium oxalate 草酸铈cermet ⾦属陶瓷cerosin ⽊炭cerotic acid 蜡酸cerous compounds 三氯化铈cerous hydroxide 氢氧化铈cerous nitrate 硝酸铈cerous oxalate 草酸铈cerous salt 三价铈盐cerous sulfate 硫酸铈ceruse 碳酸铅⽩cerussite ⽩铅矿ceryl alcohol 蜡醇cesium 铯cesium alum 铯矾cesium chloride 氯化铯cesium sulfate 硫酸铯cessation reaction 终⽌反应cetane 鲸蜡烷cetane number ⼗六烷值cetene 鲸蜡烯cetyl alcohol 鲸蜡醇cetylic acid 棕榈酸chadacryst 捕获晶chain 链chain carrier 链载体chain compound 链化合物chain initiation reaction 链引发反应chain isomerism 链异构chain molecule 链型分⼦chain polymer 链型聚合物chain polymerization 链锁聚合chain propagation reaction 链增长反应chain reaction 链锁反应chain scission 断链chain structure 链结构chain termination 链终⽌反应chain transfer agent 链转移剂chain transfer reaction 链转移反应chair conformation 椅式构象chair form 椅型chalcanthite 胆矾chalcedony ⽟髓chalcocite 辉铜矿chalcogen 氧族chalcogenide 氧族化合物chalcone 查⽿酮chalcophile element 亲铜元素chalcopyrite 黄铜矿chalcosine 辉铜矿chalcostibite 硫铜锑矿chalk ⽩垩chalking 垩化chalybite 菱铁矿chamber acid 铅室酸chamber crystals 铅室晶格chamber dryer 箱式⼲燥机chamber kiln 房式炉chamber process 铅室法chameleon solution 哈美龙溶液chamotte 熟耐⽕粘⼟chamotte brick 耐⽕砖channel 通道channel black 槽法炭⿊characteristic curve 特性曲线characteristic equation 特性⽅程characteristic radiation 特性辐射characteristic x rays 特性 x 射线characterization 表征表⽰特性characterization factor 特性系数charcoal ⽊炭charcoal blast furnace ⽊炭⿎风炉charcoal filter ⽊炭过滤器charcoal gas ⽊炭⽓charcoal iron ⽊炭铁charcoal power ⽊炭粉charge 电荷;填充;充电charge cloud 电荷云charge conjugation 电荷共轭charge transfer complex 电荷转移络合物charged particle 带电粒⼦charged species 带电粒种charging 装料charging apparatus 装料设备charging current 充电电流charging hopper 装料⽃charging pump 供给泵charpy impact test 单梁式冲辉验charring 碳化chaulmoogra oil ⼤枫⼦油check 检查;裂纹check analysis 检验分析check test 检查试验cheese ⼲酪chelate 螯合chelate compound 螯形化合物chelate effect 螯合效应chelate resin 螯合型⼫chelate ring 螯形环chelating agent 螯合剂chelating ion exchange resin 螯合离⼦交换⼫chelating ligand 螯形配合基chelation 螯合chelatometric titration 螯合滴定chelatometry 螯合滴定法chelerythrine ⽩屈菜季铵碱chelidonic acid ⽩屈菜酸chemical actinometer 化学光量计chemical action 化学酌chemical activity 化学活性chemical affinity 化学亲和⼒chemical analysis 化学分析chemical apparatus 化学仪器chemical atomic weight 化学原⼦量chemical balance 化学天平chemical bleaching 化学漂⽩chemical bond 化学键chemical change 化学变化chemical cleaning 化学脱垢chemical composition 化学组成chemical compound 化合物chemical constitution 化学结构chemical corrosion 化学腐蚀chemical creep 化学蠕变chemical decomposition 化学分解chemical dosimeter 化学剂量计chemical dosimetry 化学剂量测定chemical element 化学元素chemical energy 化学能chemical engineer 化学⼯程师chemical engineering 化学⼯程chemical equation 化学⽅程式chemical equilibrium 化学平衡chemical equivalent 化学当量chemical erosion 化学侵蚀chemical evolution 化学进化chemical fertilizer 化学肥料chemical formula 化学式chemical glass 化学玻璃chemical indicator 化学指⽰剂chemical industry 化学⼯业chemical ion pump 化学离⼦泵chemical kinetics 化学动⼒学chemical mechanism 化学机理chemical modification 化学改质chemical nomenclature 化学命名法chemical oxygen demand 化学需氧量chemical physics 化学物理学chemical plant 化⼯⼚chemical polarization 化学极化chemical polishing 化学抛光chemical porcelain 化学瓷器。
a function of …的函数 absorption:吸附 acetone 丙酮acrylics丙烯酸树脂 Aerospace 航空 agricultural engineering农业工程agricultural engineer农艺师 Amalgam 汞齐,水银;混合物,交叉ammonia 氨 ammonium nitrate硝酸铵ammonium sulfate硫酸铵 analyte分析物 analytical chemistry分析化学amorphous 非定型的,非晶型的,非结晶的,玻璃状的;无一定目的的,乱七八糟approximate to:接近,趋近 area 面积 argon氩 aromatic 芳香烃的as a whole整体而言 ash纯碱 asphalt沥青a priori:先验的,既定的,不根据经验的,由原因推出结果的,演绎的,直觉的accessory heater 附属加热器accident prevention事故预防accountant会计师,会计,出纳 activity coefficient活度系数actualrate of absorption 实际吸收速率 adiabatic绝热的,不传热的alkane烷烃 ammonia-air mixture 氨气-水混合物ammonium phosphate磷酸铵anhydrous无水的applied Chemistry应用化学aquatic plant 水生植物 artificial人工的 asphaltene沥青油assay分析化验 at right angles to 与…成直角,与…垂直bottoms product塔底产品 baffle-plate折流挡板,缓冲挡板balance 抵消,平衡 barrier障碍物 batch间歇的;benzene苯binary distillation双组分精馏 bioengineering生物工程 bionics(仿生学)biosynthesis生物合成 blower 风机 boundary layer 边界层brick wall 墙壁 brittleness 脆性 bubble-cap tower 泡罩塔Buchner funnel 布氏漏斗 bulk explosive集装炸药 buoyancy force 浮力by virtue of 由于,根据,凭借于 barrel桶(国际原油计量单位)base塔底,基础 biological production生物制品生产biomechanics生物力学 bitumen沥青 blood-flow dynamics血液流动动力学boiling point 沸点 bottom 底部,塔底 branched chain支链烷烃branched-chain(带支链的) bulk chemical 大宗化工产品capillary action毛细管作用 carbon dioxide 二氧化碳capital expenditure 基建投资 carbon skeleton碳骨架capital outlay 费用,成本,基建投资 carrier载体carbon tetrachloride四氯化碳 straightforward简单明了的 catalyst 催化剂catalyst催化剂, catalytic cracking 催化裂化catalytic oxidation催化氧化 chemical additive添加剂centrifuge离心.离心机,离心分离 chemical process safety 化工过程安全chain-shaped链状的 chemical reactor transfer of heat, evaporation, crystallization结晶chain链 chlorofluorocarbon二氯二氟化碳,氟里昂chemical reaction化学反应 circulating gas 循环气civil engineer土木工程师 closed system封闭系统cleansing agent清洗剂 compound化合物close teamwork紧密的团队协作 computer microchip 计算机芯片coefficient系数 concentration difference 浓度差columnar liquid chromatography柱状液相色谱仪 concentration gradient 浓度梯度combustion燃烧 condensate冷凝液,凝缩液commercial proportions 商业规模 condensation冷凝commodity or specialty通用商品或特殊化学品 condenser冷凝器compress压缩 condense凝缩,冷凝computationally intensive计算量大的 constitute取代物,取代基concave (凸的,凸面) continuous:连续的concentration 浓度 convection 对流conduction 传导 convection drying对流干燥conduit导流管), cooling water 冷却水conical funnel 锥形漏斗 coordinating ligand配合体,向心配合体conservation of mass and energy能量与质量守衡定律 corrosive property 腐蚀性constant-rate drying period恒速干燥阶段 cost engineer造价师control volume 控制体 counterpart对应物,配对物cooler 冷却器 cracking of petroleum石油裂解counteract抵消 cracking裂化counter-current逆流 criteria 指标 conversion转化,转化率critical moisture content临界湿湿含量 crude oil原油cake filtration 饼层过滤 capillarity毛细现象,毛细管力 crystal flaw 晶体瑕疵decompose分解,离解,还原,腐烂 depth 深度 derivative衍生物descriptive 描述性的 diagnostic application of computers计算机诊断diammonium hydrogen phosphate磷酸二氢铵 dislocation 错位dispersion model分散模型 dissolve 溶解 distillate product塔顶馏出产品distillate section精馏段 downcomer 降液管 drag forces曳力 drying of Solids 固体干燥drying rate干燥速率 ductility 延展性 dairy牛奶deactivate失活 deep bed filtration 深层过滤 defect structure 结构缺陷demonstrate论证,证明,证实;说明,表明,显示density 密度 density difference密度差 deposit沉积物design engineer设计师 detector检测器 detrimental有害的devastate破坏,蹂躏 discolor变色,脱色drop in pressure 压降 drying gas干燥气体 drying干燥durability 耐久性,寿命,使用期限,强度eddy diffusion涡流扩散 efficiency improvement 效率提高electromagnetic wave 电磁波 Empirical model 经验模型employ采纳,利用 end-of-pipe solution 最终方案energy efficiency 能量效率 environmental health engineering环境健康工程equimolecular counter-diffusion 等分子反向扩散essential oil香精油 ether 乙醚 ethylene epoxidation 乙烯环氧化反应exothermic(放热的,endothermic吸热的,adiabatic绝热的)exotic chemistry 奇异化学explosive炸药 extract 萃取液extract萃取液 eddy 尾流,涡流 electrical conductivity 导电性emission释放物,排放物 emulsifying agent乳化剂energy saving 节约能量 enthalpy 焓 extract phase萃取相environmentally benign processing环境友好加工equilibrium constant 平衡常数 ethyl alcohol乙醇)energy conversion 能量转化falling-rate降速 falling-rate period降速干燥阶段feedstock 进料,原料 fermentation发酵Fick’s Law 费克定律 filter cake 滤饼filter paper 滤纸 filtering medium 过滤介质filtering surface 过滤表面 filtrate 滤液flux(通量,流通量) foodstuff 食品forces of friction 摩擦力 forefront最前线,最前沿fouling污垢,发泡 foundation 基础fraction collector馏分收集器fractional crystallization分步结晶fully developed turbulent flow充分发展湍流 functional group官能团furnace 火炉,燃烧器 fused quartz 熔化的石英factor 因数,因子,系数,比例 family族 feed liquor 进料液fertilizer化肥 fiber纤维 filter cake 滤饼filter 过滤器 filtration 过滤 final-proposal决议Fine chemical 精细化工 first-principles基本原理,基本规则fluid mechanics 流体力学 fluorescence 荧光色,荧光fossil fuel化石燃料 freeze drying冷冻干燥gas diffusivity气体扩散性,气体扩散系数gasoline汽油 general service facilities公用工程gravity重力 gas adsorption 吸收;Gas and Liquid Chromatography气相色谱与液相色谱gasoline汽油 governmental regulation政府规定heat exchanger 换热器 heat requirement热负荷heat-sensitive material 热敏性物质 heavy gas oil重瓦斯油helium氦 HF alkylation氰氟酸烷基化high-efficiency高效的 high-fidelity高保真的 high-performance高性能human-factors engineering人类与环境工程humidity湿度 hydrodynamic model水力学模型hydrogen and methane oxidation 氢气和甲烷氧化反应hydroquinone 对苯二酚 hard hat 安全帽hazard identification 危害辩识, health care保健hearing aid助听器 artificial limb假肢 heat exchange 热交换heats of solution and vaporization溶解热和汽化热 homologous series同系物human medicine人体医学 hydrocarbon naphthene环烷烃hydrogen cyanide氰化氢i feed tray进料板 ibuprofen异丁苯丙酸 ifetime寿命 impurity杂质in the vicinity of 在…附近,靠近..,大约…,在…左右information processing 信息处理injection注射 inorganic salt无机盐 insulation 绝缘inter-phase mass transfer界相际间质量传递is proportional to 与…成比例ideal system 理想系统 In principle从原理而言in the absence of无---存在 inert 惰性物,不参加反应的物质inflection:折射 intensity强度,程度is almost inversely proportional to 几乎与…成反比internal structure 内部结构ketone酮 kilogram千克labor 劳动力 laminar sub-layer 层流底层 latent heat潜热 law 定律 Lewis acid不可再生的路易斯酸liquid mixture 液体混合物 lubricating oil润滑油Latin or Greek stem 拉丁或者希腊词根least-squares-regression最小二乘法 life scientist生命科学家liquid-liquid extraction 液液萃取 locant位次,位标 loss prevention损失预防macroscopic phenomenon 宏观现象 thermal stability热稳定性maintenance expense 维修费 macroscopic particle 宏观的粒子materials science材料科学 magnet 磁铁,有吸引力的人或物matte无光泽的,无光的 mathematical expression steady-state model稳态模型mean value平均值 maximum最大的mechanical disturbance 机械扰动 mechanical, thermal, chemical, electric, magnetic, and optical behavior. (机械性能、热学性能、化学性能、电学性能、磁性能、光学性能)mechanical separation 机械分离) medical electronics医疗电子medical instrumentation医疗器械 medical engineering医学工程,医疗工程membrane technology膜技术 medium 介质metal wall of a tube 金属管壁 membrane module膜组件metallic solid 金属固体 methane甲烷metallurgy 冶金学,冶金术 milliliter毫升micro-reactor 微型反应器 miscible可混合的,可溶的,可搅拌的mobile phase移动相 model identification模式识别moisture content湿含量 molecular diffusion 分子扩散motion of unbound electrons 自由电子的运动 molecular transfer分子传递mount 安装,固定 moving gas stream移动的气流multi-component distillation多组分精馏natural gas天然气 naphtha石脑油near toequilibrium接近平衡 natural and forced convection 自然对流和强制对流neural network神经网络 net flow 净流量nitric acid 硝酸 nitric acid硝酸 nylon尼龙nitrogen oxides氮氧化物 nonlinear-equation-solving technique非线性方程求解技术nomenclature of chemical compound化学化合物的命名法 nuclear power 核能octane number of gasoline汽油辛烷值 of the same order具有同一数量级of enthalpy 焓通量 oil drilling采油operating condition操作条件 oil shale油页岩overhead vapor塔顶汽体 one-pass(单程)oxygenate content 氧含量 operating cost 操作费用or convex(凹的,凹面) organic有机的,有机物的outline描绘,勾勒 output产出,输出,产量oxides of nitrogen 氮氧化物paraffin石蜡,烷烃parent母链,主链penicillin青霉素partial vaporization 部分汽化particle size 颗粒尺寸pharmaceutical intermediate药物中间体pharmaceutical 制药 packed tower 填料塔phaseout消除 packing characteristics填充性质phenomenological model 现象模型 packing material 填料 pump 泵physical process 物理过程 paint涂料physiologists生理学 paraffin石蜡,链烷烃physiologist生理学家 per unit area单位面积plastic塑料 percent conversion百分比转化率plate tower 板式塔 installation 装置 feed 进料 perpendicular to:与----垂直polymers聚合物 Pharmaceutical制药power 动力 phosgene synthesis 光气合成.precipitate 沉淀物 plane chromatography薄层色谱precipitation沉淀,沉析 plant layout工厂布局pressure gradient plant location工厂选址probability of failure失效概率 pollutant 污染物process data historian:过程数据历史编撰师 poor conductor of electricity 不良导电体process engineering过程工程 porous medium 多孔介质process material过程物料(相对最终产品而言的) pretreatment 预处理process-simulation software packages过程模拟软件包 processcontrol(过程控制)product 产物,产品 production line生产线prosthetics假肢器官学 protein蛋白质psychology心理学 pyridine砒啶 purify 精制提纯qualitative定性的 quantitative precision定量的精确 quantitative relation 定量关系radiation 辐射 raffinate萃余液ratio of A to B A与B的比值 rate of diffusion扩散速率reactant 反应物 reaction 反应 separation 分离reaction byproduct 反应副产物 reaction yield反应产率reaction speed反应速度 reaction zone反应区reactive distillation 反应精馏 reactive distillation 反应精馏reactor energy input能量输入 recycle 循环回收reboiler再沸器 vaporization汽化 regression model回归模型.refix前缀 release释放,排放reflect 反射, replacement organ器官移植reflux回流 replication 复制 reforming重整 resistance 阻力regenerate再生 resistance 阻力,阻止replicating prefix重复前缀词 retention volume保留体积retention times保留时间 ring-shaped(环状的)Reynolds number雷诺准数 rules and regulations 规章制度reaction kinetics 反应动力学 reactant 反应物retardation factor保留因子,延迟因子safety experience安全经验 safety knowledge安全知识safety management support安全管理基础知识 safety shoe防护鞋sample样品 sandstone砂岩 sedimentary rock沉积岩 sanitation卫生segment段,片,区间,部门,部分;弓形,圆缺;分割,切断screening筛选,浮选sensor 传感器,探头 seepage渗出物 siltstone泥岩 self-taught自学size distribution 粒度分布 semiconductor 半导体sodium hydroxide 氢氧化钠 sensible heat(sensible heat:显热)solubility,溶解度,溶解性 separation of solids 固体分离solute溶质 settling tank沉降槽 solution溶液 setup 装置solvent make-up 补充溶剂 optimum 最优的 shape 形状solvent 溶剂 soap肥皂solvent-recovery system 溶剂回收系统 solid state physics固体物理学stage-type distillation column级板式精馏塔 soluble可溶解的 solvent溶剂statistical technique 统计技术 specialized group专业组storage仓库 specialty chemical特殊化学品,特种化学品stripping section汽提段,提馏段 spinning electrons 旋转电子structural steels 结构钢 spray chamber 喷淋室substituent取代基 stationary nonvolatile phase静止的不挥发相substitute取代,替代 steam蒸汽suffix后缀 stereoselective立体选择性的surface layer 表面层 straight line:直线surface treatment表面处理 streptomycin(链霉素)surgeon外科医生 styrene苯乙烯suspension 悬浮液 sublime升华supportive or substitute organ辅助或替代器官 synthetic rubber合成橡胶tanker油轮 kerosene煤油 tarry柏油的,焦油的,焦油状的technical competence技术能力 tangible return有形回报terminology术语,词汇 tar sand沥青石thermal conductivity 导热性 technical advance 技术进步thermal diffusion热扩散 technical challenge技术挑战,技术困难total condense全凝器 technical evaluation技术评估tower shell 塔体 Telecommunication 电信toxic有毒的 temperature gradient 温度梯度transport of momentum 动量传递 temperature gradient 温度梯度tray 塔板 temperature level 温度高低turbulent flow 湍流 test mixture测试混合物two-film theory 双膜理论 the Chemical Manufacturers Association化工生产协会two-phase flow两相流 the random motion of molecules 分子无规则运动thermal conduction 热传导 thermodynamic equilibrium热力学平衡 tonnage吨位,吨数,吨产量 top 顶部,塔顶trap 收集,捕集 triple bond三健,三价unconverted reactant未转化的反应物 unabsorbed component未吸收组分 purity纯度urea尿素vacant atomic site 原子空位 vacuum drying真空干燥vapor-liquid contacting device汽液接触装置 Vacuum 真空viscous resistance粘性阻力 valve tray浮阀塔板volatility挥发性 vapor pressure蒸汽压voluntary自愿的,无偿的,义务的;有意的,随意的;民办的 via经,由,通过,借助于 viscosity 黏度waste 废物 wastewater treatment污水处理 waste disposal废物处理water droplet水珠,水滴 water purification水净化wax石蜡 weir溢流堰 with the result that:由于的缘故,鉴于的结果water-cooling tower水冷塔yield 产率,收率。
化学工程与工艺专业英语词表(2002.11.修订)(加注* 者为专业英语学位考试中词汇英译汉和汉译英的考试范围。
)* abrasion n. 磨损,磨蚀,剥蚀* absorption n.吸收(作用)abundance n. 丰度;丰富;(大,分布,数)量* accessory n. (pl.) 辅助设备[装置],附件 a. 附属的,辅助的accidenetal error 偶然[随机]误差* accuracy n. 准确性[度]* acetate n. 醋酸盐[酯],乙酸盐[酯,根];醋酸纤维素* acetic acid 醋酸acetyl n. 乙酰基* acetylene n. 乙炔actinium n. 锕Acactivated carbon 活性炭* activity n. 活度;活动性* additive n. 添加剂,加成剂 a. 附加的,加成的adhesive n. 胶粘剂,粘结剂* adiabatic a. 绝热的admix v. 掺[混]合* adsorbent n. 吸附剂,吸附物质adsorber n. 吸附器* adsorption n.吸附(作用)* aerate vt. 充气,鼓气,通风,鼓风aer(o)- 空气;气体aerobic a. 好氧的,需氧的,有氧的* affinity n. 亲和力,亲和势,化合力agglomeration n. 附聚,凝聚,* agitator n. 搅拌器,搅拌装置airtightness n. 气密性,密封性-al 醛* alcohol n.(乙)醇,酒精-aldehyde 醛algebraic a. 代数(学)的algorithm n. 算术,算法* aliphatic a. 脂肪族的,无环的alkali n. 碱(性,质),强碱* alkaline n. 碱性 a.强碱的* alkane n. 烷(属)烃,(链)烷* alkene n. 烃烯* alkyl n. 烷基,烃基* alkylation n. 烷基化,烷基取代* alkyne n. 炔(属)烃* aluminum n. =aluminium铝Al amalgamation n. 合并,混合;汞合,汞齐作用-amide 酰胺-amine 胺amine n. 胺amino- 氨基* ammonia n. 氨(水)* ammonium n. 铵(基)* amorphous a. 无定形的, 非晶体的* analogy n. 类似,相似(性),类推anatomy n.解剖,分解;构造,组织-ane 烷angular a. 角的,角度的,有角的* anhydrous a. 无水的* anionic a. 阴[负]离子的anisotropic a. 各相异性的,非均质的* anode n. 阳极,正极antibiotic n. 抗生[菌]素,抗生素学a. 抗菌的antiknock a. 抗爆的,防爆的,抗震的antimony n. 锑Sb* antioxidant n. 抗氧化剂,防老化剂* aqueous a.(含,多,似)水的,水成[化,样,多]的argon n. 氩Ar* aromatic a. 芳香(族)的,芳(香)烃的aromatization n. 芳构化* array n. 序,列,组;族,系,类artificial intelligence人工智能* aryl n. 芳基asphalt n. 沥青,柏油-ate 用于由词尾为-ic的酸所成的盐类或酯类的名称atomize vt. 使雾化,喷雾attainment n. 开工率attrition n. 磨损,研磨naught n. 无(价值),零authenticity n. 可靠性,真实性autoclave n. 压煮器, 高压釜* azeotrope n. 恒沸物,共沸混合物backbone n. 构架, 骨干, 主要成分* back-mixing 返混bacteria n. (bacterium的复数)细菌* baffle n. 挡板;折流板;缓冲板bank n. 一排,排,列,群barium n. 钡Ba* base n. 碱* batch a.间歇的,分批的bench n. 实验台,装置* benzene n. 苯bi- 二,两个,双bifunctional a. 双官能团的binary a.;n. 二,二元的biochemical a. 生物化学的biodegradable a. 可生物降解的bismuth n. 铋Bibitumen n. 沥青bleaching n. 漂白 a. 漂白的boiler n. 锅炉boiling point 沸点bombardment n. 照射,辐照;轰击,打击* bond n.;v.(化学)键,键合borate n. 硼酸盐[酯]boric acid 硼酸boron n. 硼Bbottom n. (pl.) 底部沉积物,残留物,残渣* boundary layer边界层brine n.盐水,卤水,海水bromide n. 硼化物* bromine n. 溴Btu = British thermal unit 英热量单位(=252卡)bubble column 鼓泡塔bubble-cap tower 泡罩塔budget n. 预算* buffer n.; vt. 缓冲,缓冲剂* bulk density 堆积密度bulk polymerization本体聚合bulk a. 散装的;大块的* bump v. 扰动,暴沸;冲击,造成凹凸* buoyancy n. 浮力,浮性buoyant a. 有浮力的,能浮的,易浮的butadiene n. 丁二烯butane n. 丁烷butene n. 丁烯* butyl n. 丁基cadmium n. 镉Cdcalandria n. 排管式,加热管群calcine v.; n. 煅烧,烧成(灰)* calcium n. 钙Ca* calorific value 热值,发热量* capillary n.; a. 毛细作用(的),毛细管(的)capital-intensive a. 资本密集的,资本集约的capsule n. 胶囊;(密封)(座)舱carbide n. 碳化物;碳化钙* carbohydrate n. 碳水化合物,糖carbon black 炭黑* carbon n. 碳C* carbonate n. 碳酸盐,碳酸脂vt. 碳化,使化合成碳酸盐(酯);充碳酸气于carbonization n. 焦化,碳化处理,渗碳* carbonyl n. 羧基carbonylation n. 羧化作用* carboxyl n. 羰基* carrier n. 载体* cascade v.;n. 级联,串级;梯流,阶流式布置catalysis n. 催化(作用,反应)* catalyst n. 催化剂catalytic a. 催化的category n. 种类,类型,范畴* cathode n. 阴极,负极cationic a. 阳[正]离子的* caustic a. 苛性的n. 苛性物,氢氧化物cellular a. 多孔的,细胞的,由细胞组成的cellulose n. 纤维素,细胞膜质 a. 细胞的central downtake 中央降液管centrifugal a. 离心力的,利用离心力的* centrifuge n.;v. 离心;离心机,离心器ceramic a. 陶器的,陶瓷的,制陶的certitude n. 确实,必然性acetone n. 丙酮CFC = chlorofluorocarbon n. 含氯氟烃char n. 炭,木炭* chelation n. 螯合作用chemical vapor deposition化学气相淀积chlor(o)- 氯(化)* chloralkali n.氯碱chlorate n. 氯酸盐* chloride n. 氯化物,漂白剂* chlorine n.氯(气)Clchlorofluorocarbon n. 含氯氟烃(CFC)chromate n. 铬酸盐* chromatography n. 色谱(法,学),色层法* chromium n. 铬Crcis- 顺式clone n. 克隆,无性繁殖系* coagulation n. 凝结[聚, 固];胶凝, 絮凝coal carbonization 煤干馏coal-tar 煤焦油coarse a. 粗的,大的* cobalt n. 钴Cococatalyst n. 助(辅)催化剂* cocurrent n. 并流* coefficient n. 系数coke n. 焦炭,焦vt. 炼焦,焦化colloid n. 胶体,胶粒 a. 胶状的,胶体的* combustion n. 燃烧commence v. 开始,开始(做),开工comminute vt. 粉碎,磨碎,分割commission v. 交工试运转,投产commodity n. 日用品,商品compactness n. 致密(性),密集(性),紧凑compatibility n. 兼容性,相容性,适应性complement n. 补充,互补,补充物;配套* composite n. 复合材料, 合成[复合, 组合]物* composition n. 组成,成分,结构concrete n. 混凝土 a. 混凝土的condensate n. 冷凝物,冷凝液v. 冷凝,凝结* condenser n. 冷凝器* conduction n. 传导(性,率,系数),导热[电](性,率,系数)* conductivity n. 传导率,导热系数conduit n. 导管,输送管,(大)管道* configuration n. 构造,结构;外形,轮廓confluence n. 合流(点),汇合(处);集合,聚集conical a. (圆)锥形的* conserve vt.守恒;节省;保存* consistence n. 一致性;稠度* constituent n. 组成,组分,成分constraint n. 限制,制约,约束constriction n. 收缩[敛];缩紧* contaminate vt. 污染,弄脏,毒害* continuum n. 连续介质;连续(统一体);连续光谱* convection n. (热,电)对流,迁移converge v. 会聚,汇合,[数]收敛* coordinate n. 坐标;配位 a. 坐标的,配位的v. 配合,配位coordination n. 配位, 配合copolymer n.共聚物* correlation n. 相关(性),(相互,对比)关系* corrosion n. 腐蚀,锈蚀* counter current 逆流counterpart n. 对应物,配对物,对方;一对东西中之一,副本covalent a. 共价的* cracking n. 裂化,裂解* criterion n. (pl.) criteria判据,准则,判断标准* critical veloc ity 临界速度* cross section (横)截面,剖面,断面* cross-current n. 错流,正交流cross-flow 错流,交叉流动,横向流动cross-link v. (聚合物)交联,横向耦合* cryogenic a. 冷冻的,深冷的,低温的* crystal n. 结晶,晶体,晶粒;水晶石英crystalline a. 结晶的,结晶状的;水晶的* crystallization n. 结晶(作用,过程)CSTR =continuously stirred tankreactor 连续搅拌釜反应器culture n.;vt. (人工,细菌)培养[繁殖],栽培;文化[明]cure v. 塑化,固化,硫化,硬化;处理curriculum n.(一门,全部)课程* cycloalkane n. 环烷烃cyclohexane n. 环已烷* cyclone n. 旋风分离器,旋流器deactivate vt. 减活,去活化,钝化debit vt.;n. (记入)借方deca- 十,癸decane n. 癸烷decantation n. 倾析(法),倾滤,滗析* decline v.;n. 下降,减少,倾斜,衰落* decomposition n. 分解, 离解* degradation n. 降解,退化,衰变,降级degree of freedom 自由度degree of polymerization聚合度* dehydrate v.; n. 脱水,干燥dehydrogenation n. 脱氢(作用)*dense-phase 密相*density n. 密度;稠密(性,度)deoxyribonucleic acid脱氧核糖核酸deplete vt. 放空,耗尽,使枯竭;贫化,减少* derivative n. 衍生物;导数desalt vt. 脱盐* desulphurisation n. 脱硫,除硫detergent n.洗涤剂,去污剂deterioation n. 退化,变质,降低(品质)di- 二,重,双* diagnose v. 判断,诊断;确定,分析,识别,断定(···的原因)* dialysis n. 渗析,渗透diamond n. 金刚石,钻石* diaphragm n. 隔膜,隔板diesel oil 柴油diesel n. 内燃机,柴油机* differential a.; n. 微分(的),差分(的);(有)差别(的)differentiate v. 区分,区别;求微分,求导数* diffuse v. 扩散,散布* dilute a. 稀(薄,释)的,淡的v.稀释,冲淡*dilute-phase 稀相dimensionless a. 无因次的,无量纲的* dimentional a. ···维的;因次的;维数的;尺寸的* diminish v. 减少,递减,削弱,由大变小dipole n. 偶极(子)* discrete a. 离散的,不连续的,独立的,个别的dispatch vt.(迅速地)发送,派遣;迅速办理,了结* dispersion n. 分散(体系,作用);扩散(现象)dissipate v. 使耗散,消除,消耗dissolution n. 溶解,溶化* dissolve v.;n. 使溶解,溶化* distil(l) vt. 蒸馏,用蒸馏法提取;提取···的精华distillate n. 馏出物,馏出液;精华* distillation n. 蒸馏(作用),馏份* down time 停车时间,故障期downcomer n. 降液管* drag n. 阻力,曳力* droplet n. 液滴,微滴,小滴duct n. (导,输送)管,(管,渠,地,风,烟)道,槽* dumped packing 乱堆填料dyestuff n. 染料,颜料,着色剂dynamic a. 动力(学)的,动态的* dynamics n. (动)力学,动态(特性)earth vt. 接地,通地ebullating bed 沸腾床* ecosystem n. 生态系(统)* eddy n. 漩涡,涡流* effluent a.; n 流出(的,物),废水及废气elastomer n. 合成橡胶,人造橡胶;弹性体,高弹体electrochemical a. 电化学的* electrode n. 电极* electrodialysis n. 电渗析electrolyse vt. 电解(= electrolyze)* electrolysis n. 电解(法,作用),电分析electrostatic a. 静电的* eluent n. 洗脱液,洗脱剂* elution n. 洗提,洗出* emission-free a. 无排放的,零排放的emulsion polymerization乳液聚合* emulsion n. 乳胶,乳(化,状,(浊)液,乳剂encompass vt.包含,包括;完成;围绕encyclopedia n. 百科全书;某科全书* endothermic a. 吸热的end-product n. 最后产物,最终结果-ene 烯enhance vt.提高,增强* enrich v.使浓缩,增浓* enthalpy n. 焓,热函,(单位质量的)热含量* entrainment n. 挟带;雾沫夹带* entropy n. 熵envisage vt. 设想,预计,重视* enzyme n. 酶,酵素epoxy n. 环氧树脂equality n. 等式,相等* equilibrium stage 平衡级* equilibrium n. 平衡erosion n. 磨蚀,风化,腐蚀,侵蚀* ester n. 酯ethane n. 乙烷* ethanol n. 乙醇,酒精ethene n. 乙烯* ether n. 醚,乙醚;以太ethics n. 职业规矩,道德标准,伦理观* ethyl n. 乙基,乙烷基* ethylene n. 乙烯* evaporation n. 蒸发,挥发,汽化* exergy n. 有用能,火用* exothermic a. 放热的expenditure n.(时间、金钱等的)支出,花费,使用expert system 专家系统* explosive limit 爆炸极限exponent n. 指数,幂(数),阶externalize vt. 使客观化,使具体化,给···以外形* extract n. 萃取相,萃取液vt. 萃取,提炼* extraction n. 萃取,提炼;抽出物,提取物* fabricate vt. 制造,生产,制备;装配,安装,组合falling film evaporator降膜式蒸发器* feed n. 进料,加料;加工原料fermentation n. 发酵ferri- 铁ferro- 亚铁ferrous a. (亚,二价,含)铁的,铁类的ferrum n. 铁* fertilizer n. 肥料(尤指化学肥料)fiberglass n. 玻璃纤维filament n. (细)丝,(细)线;灯丝,游丝filled tower 填料塔filler n. 填料,填充物filter aid 助滤剂* filter n. (过)滤器[机,层,纸] v.过滤filtrate v. 过滤,滤除n. 滤液* filtration n. 过滤* fine chemical 精细化学药品finishing n. 精加工,最终加工* finite a. 有限的,受限制的* fission n. 裂变* fixed bed 固定床* flammability n. 易燃性,可燃性,燃烧性flange n. 法兰flask n. 烧瓶,长颈瓶* flooding n. 液泛,溢流* flow sheet 工艺流程图,程序方框图* fluctuation n. 脉动,波动,起伏,增减flue n. 烟道,风道fluidization n. 流态化* fluidized bed 流化床fluo- 氟,荧光fluorescence n. 荧光* fluoride n. 氟化物* fluorine n. 氟Ffluoro- 氟代* flux n. 通量foam v. (使)起泡沫,变泡沫n. 泡沫forced circulation强制循环-form 仿formaldehyde n. 甲醛* formulate vt. 配方[制],按配方制造formulation n.配方,组成;公式化,列方程式* fossil fuel 化石燃料,石油* foul n. 污物[垢] v. 结垢,弄脏* fraction n. 馏份,分馏物;分数,部分fractional distillation 分馏(作用)fractionate vt. 使分馏,把···分成几部分free radical mechanism自由基机理free radical 自由基,游离基* freeze drying 冷冻干燥* friction n. 摩擦,摩擦力froth flotation 泡沫浮选* fugacity n. 逸度* functional group 官能团funnel n. 漏斗 a. 漏斗状的* fuse v. 熔融,熔化gallon n.加仑gas oil 粗柴油, 瓦斯油, 汽油* gasification n. 气化(法,作用)gasifier n. 气化炉gauge n. 表,计,规* gel n. 凝胶(体),冻胶gene n. 基因* generalization n. 归纳,概述,通则;普遍化,法则化genetics n. 遗传学glucose n. 葡萄糖;右旋糖glycerol n. 甘油,丙三醇gold n. 金Au* gradient n. 梯度,变化率,坡度granulate vt. 使成颗粒,使成粒状graphite n. 石墨gravitational fild 重力场*gravity settling 重力沉降greenhouse n. 温室,暖房* halogen n. 卤素hardware n. 硬件,硬设备,计算机H-bond n. 氢键* heat exchanger 热交换器helium n. 氦hepta- 七,庚heptane n. 庚烷* heptyl n. 庚基heteroatom n. 杂原子, 异质原子heterocyclic a. 杂环的* heterogeneous a. 多相的, 非均匀的HETP = height equivalent to a theoreticalplate等板高度,理论塔板的当量高度HETS = height equivalent to a theoreticalstage等板高度,理论塔板的当量高度hexa- 六,己hexane n. 己烷* hexyl n. 己基hierarchy n. 体系,系统;层次* holdup n. 滞留量,滞液量* homogeneous a. 均相的,均匀的,同质的HTU = height of a transferunit传质单元高度* humidification n. 增湿作用,湿润* humidity n. 湿度,湿气,水分含量humidifier n. 增湿器,湿润器* hydrate n. 水合物v. (使)水合,(使)成水合物hydration n. 水合作用hydride n. 氢化物hydraulics n. 水力学;液压系统* hydrocarbon n. 烃,碳氢化合物* hydrochloric acid 盐酸* hydrocracking n. 加氢裂化, 氢化裂解hydrodesulfurization n. 加氢脱硫过程* hydrodynamics n. 流体动力学hydrofluoric acid n. 氢氟酸hydrogen embrittlement(钢的)氢脆* hydrogen n. 氢H* hydrogenation n. 加氢(作用)hydrolysate n. 水解产物* hydrolysis n. 水解(作用),加水分解hydroprocess n. 加氢过程* hydrostatics n. 流体静力学hydrostatic head 静水压头* hydroxide n. 氢氧化物* hydroxy(l) n. 羟基hyperoxide n. 过氧化物hypochlorite n. 次氯酸盐* hypothesis n. (pl. hypotheses) 假定,假说,前提hypothetical a. 假定[设,说]的,有前提的-ic anhydride 酸酐immerse vt. 浸(入,没),沉入;专心,埋头于,投入* immiscible a. 不混溶的,不互溶的* immobile phase 固定相immobile a. 固定的,稳定的,静置的impenetrate v. 渗透,贯通,深入* impermeable a. 不能透过的,不可渗透的,不透水的impingement n. (气体等的)撞击;水捶implement vt.实现,完成,履行impregnate v. 浸渍,注入,灌注 a. 浸透的,饱和的* impurity n. 杂质,夹杂物,污染物;不纯,污染in situ 就地,原地,在现场incentive a. 刺激的,鼓励的n. 刺激,诱因* incompressible a. 不可压缩性incondensable gas 不凝性气体incorporate v. 使结合,使合并;引入;体现induced draft fan 引风机inductive a. 引入的,导论的,诱导的* inert a. 惰性的,不活泼的;惯性的infinitesimal a. 无穷小的;细微末节的inflation n. 膨胀;通货膨胀* infrared a. 红外线的,红外区的* ingitability n. 可燃性,着火性* ingredient n.(混合物的)成分,组分,配料inherent a.固有的,生来的,内在的inhibit vi. 有禁止力,起抑制作用vt. 禁止;抑制,约束* inhibitor n. 抑制剂,抗氧化剂injection-moulding塑料注塑成型, 注模innovation n.创新,改革;新方法,新事物* inorganic a. 无机的,无机物的insecticide n. 杀虫剂,农药instrumental a. 有帮助的,起作用的;仪器的* insulation n. 绝缘,绝热;孤立,隔离* integrate vt. 使一体化,使结合;[数]求···的积分integrity n. 完整,完全,完善interfacial a. 界面的,面际的,层间的intermediate distillate中间馏分interplay n.;vi. 相互作用[影响],相互关系intrinsic a.内在的,固有的;本质的inventory n.库存量;(商品、物资等)清单invoice n. 发票,发货单,装货清单iodide n. 碘化物iodine n. 碘I * ion n. 离子ionize v. 使电离,离子化,游离(化)* irreversible process不可逆过程irrotational a. 无旋的,不旋转的i so- (相)等,(相)同的;(同分)异构isobaric a. 等压的isomerism n. 同分异构(现象)* isomerization n. 异构化(作用)isotherm n. 等温线* isothermal a.;n. 等温(的),等温线(的)isotope n. 同位素isotropic a. 各向同性的,均质的* jacket n. (汽、水)套,夹套kerosene n. 煤油,火油ketone n. (甲)酮kilocalorie n. 千(大)卡kilowatt n. 千瓦(特)* kinematics n. 运动学* kinetics n. 动力学* laminar a. 层流的,层状的laminate n. 层压制品[材料、塑料、板],a. 层状的,v. 层压,分层lanthanum n. 镧La* latent heat 潜热lateral a. 横向的,水平的lattice n. 晶格,点阵,格(栅,子,状)* leaching n. 浸取,浸提lead n. 铅Pbleaf filter 叶滤机leeway n. 余地,可允许的误差;落后legislation n.法规,立法liability n. 责任,义务ligarine n. 石油醚linear a. (直)线的,直线型的;线性的,线性化的* liquefaction n. 液化(作用)liquid-sealed a. 液封的lixiviate vt. 浸提[析,出],溶滤loop reactor 环路反应器lot n.(商品的)一批;批量;份额low-boiler n. 低沸化合物LPG = liquefied petroleum gas液化石油气lubricate vt. 使润滑* lubricating oil 润滑油macro- 宏(观),大(量),常量macromolecule n. 大分子,高分子macroscale n. 宏观尺度[刻度,标度]* macroscopic a. 宏观的;肉眼可见的magnesium n. 镁Mg* magnification n. 放大(倍数),倍率* magnitude n. (数)量级;大小mainstream n. 干流,主流;主要倾向manganese n. 锰Mnmanifold n. 总管,集气管,导管manipulate v. 操作,控制,运算manway n. 人孔mass separating agent质量分离剂mass spectrometry 质谱matrix n. 母体,基体,本体;[数]矩阵maturity n. 老化,陈化;成熟* maximize v. 使达到最大,使极大,极限化* mechanics n. 力学,机械学* mechanism n. 机理,机制,历程* membrane n. 膜,薄膜,隔板mercury n. 汞, 水银Hgmesh n. (筛)目[号],网(格,目)meso- 中(间,等,央),中等的;内消旋;介,新mesoscale n. 中间尺度[刻度,标度]meta-,m- 间(位)(有机系统名用);偏(无机酸用)metabolism n. (新陈)代谢(作用)metallurgy n. 冶金学,冶金术* metathesis n. 复分解(作用),置换(作用) methanation n. 甲烷化作用* methane n. 甲烷,沼气* methanol n. 甲醇* methyl n. 甲基micro- 微(量,型,观);显微;百万分之一microbe n. 微生物,细菌microelectronics n. 微电子学,微电子技术* microfiltration n. 微孔过滤micron n. 微米,10-6米;百万分之一microscale n. 微(观)尺度[刻度,标度] * microscopic a. 微观的,微小的;显微镜的* migrate v. 迁移,移动,流动mild steel 低碳钢,软钢mineral acid 无机酸* miscible a. 可互溶的,能溶合的mixed-phase reactor多相反应器* mixer-setller 混合澄清器* mobile phase 流动相* mockup n. 冷模,(1:1)的模型,同实物等大的研究用模型* modulus n. 模(数,量),系数,指数molybdenum n. 钼Mo* momentum n. 动量,冲量mono- 一,单一,单一的* monomer n. 单体,单聚物multiple effect evaporator多效蒸发器multiple-feed 多口进料multiply v. (使)增殖* multitude n.大批,大群,大量,众多* naphtha n. 石脑油,粗汽油,(粗)挥发油naphthalene n. 萘* naphthene n. 环烷烃* negligible a. 可忽略的,不计的,很小的* neutron n. 中子nickel n. 镍Ni* nitrogen n. 氮N* nitrate n. 硝酸盐[根,酯]nitration n. 硝化(作用),渗氮(法)* nitric acid n. 硝酸-nitrile 腈nitro- 硝基nitrogenous a. 含氮的* nomenclature n. 术语,命名(法),名称,(某一学科的)术语表nona- 九,壬nonane n. 壬烷* non-condensable gas不凝性气体* nonyl n. 壬基* nozzle n. 喷嘴nucleic acid 核酸* numerical a. 数(量,字,值)的,用数字表示的nutrient a. 营养的n. 营养基,营养素nylon n. 酰胺纤维,尼龙,耐纶obliterate vt. 除去,删去,消除octa- 八;辛octane rating 辛烷值octane n. (正)辛烷,辛烷值*octyl n. 辛基* offgas n.废气,气态废物* offset n. vt. 补偿,弥补,抵销off-the-shelf a. 成品的,现成的-oic acid 酸-ol 醇* olefin n.(链)烯(烃),烯族烃oleum n. 发烟硫酸-one 酮* one-pass 单程,非循环过程on-line 联机,在线,机内on-site a. (在)现场的,就地的opaque a. 不透明的;不传导的;无光泽的* operability n. (可)操作性[度]* optimize v.(使)最优[佳]化,优选* optimum a.;n. 最佳(的,点,值),最优(的,值)ordered packing 整砌填料,规整填料organofluorine compound n. 有机氟化合物* orifice n. 孔板;锐孔orth-,o- 邻位,正,原* osmosis n. 渗透(性,作用)* overflow v.溢出,溢流overhead n. 企业一般管理费;塔顶馏出物* overlap n.重迭(部分)* oxidation n. 氧化[反应,作用]* oxide n. 氧化物oxidize vt. 使氧化oxo- 氧代* oxygen n. 氧Oozonation n. 臭氧化作用* ozone n. 臭氧* packed tower 填充塔,填料塔palladium n. 钯Pdpara-,p- (位次)对位;仲;副* paraffin n. 链烷(属)烃,石蜡* parameter n. 参数,系数particulate a. 颗粒的,微粒的n.颗粒,微粒,粒子* patent n. 专利,专利权vt. 取得···的专利权pelletize v. 造粒,做成丸[球, 片]状penta- 五,戊pentane n. (正)戊烷* pentyl n. 戊基perforate v. 打孔,穿孔peripheral a.周边的,周围的,边缘的* peroxide n. 过氧化物* pesticide n.农药,杀虫剂* petrochemical a. 石油化学的n. 石油化学制品pharmaceutical n. 药物[品, 剂] a. 医药的,制药的,药物的phenol n. (苯)酚,石碳酸phenol-formaldehyde resin酚醛树脂* phenyl n. 苯基* phosphate n. 磷酸盐[酯],磷肥* phosphoric acid n. 磷酸* phosphorus n. 磷P,磷光体;启明星,金星photosynthesis n. 光合作用physical vapor deposition物理气相淀积pigment n. 颜料,色料;色素* pilot-plant n.中间(试验性)工厂,试验生产装置plasticizer n. 增塑剂plate and frame press板框式压滤机* plate tower 板式塔platinum n. 铂Pt, 白金* plug flow 活塞流, 平推流plutonium n. 钚Pupneumatic a. 气力的,气动的polarography n. 极谱法* poly vinyl chloride聚氯乙烯poly- 多,聚,重,复polyester n. 聚酯* polyethylene n. 聚乙烯* polymer n. 聚合物[体],高[多]聚物polymerization n. 聚合(反应,作用)polypropylene n. 聚丙烯polysaccharide n. 多糖polystyrene n. 聚苯乙烯polytetrafluoroethylene n. 聚四氟乙烯polythene n. 聚乙烯(=polyethylene) pore n. 细[毛,微,气]孔,孔隙* porous a. 多孔的,疏松的;能渗透的potassium n. 钾Kpotential flow 势流* potential n. 势(能),位(能),电势(位,压)pottery n. 陶器* precipitate n. 沉淀物,沉积物v. 使沉淀(出),析出precursor n. 产物母体, 前身, 先驱predominate vi. 占优势,居支配地位prefractionator n. 初步分馏塔premium n. 额外费用;奖励,奖金preparative chromatography制备色谱法* pressure drop 压降probe v. 试探,探测;(用探针,探测器)探查propagation n. 增长, 繁殖, 传播, 波及propane n. 丙烷propanol n. 丙醇propeller n. 螺旋桨,推进器propene n. 丙烯* proprietary a. 专利的,专有的,有专利权的n. 所有权,业主* propyl n. 丙基propylene n. 丙烯* protein n. 蛋白质,朊protocol n. (条约等的)草案,会谈备忘录,(外交)协定书* proton n. 质子protonate v. 使质子化pulsed column 脉冲塔pulverize vt. 使成粉末,研磨,粉碎* purge gas 吹扫气体* purification n. 净化,提纯purity n.纯度,品位;纯净,洁净;纯化PVC = poly vinyl chloride n. 聚氯乙烯* pyrolysis n. 热解(作用),高温分解pyrolyze vt. 热(分)解* qualitative a. 定性的;质的,质量的;性质上的qualitatively ad. 定性地* quantitative a. 定量的;数量的quantitatively ad. 定量地* quantum n. 量子quartz n. 石英,水晶* quench v.; n. 急冷,淬冷* radial a. 径向的,(沿)半径的radiator n. 辐射体,散热器,暖气装置* radical n. 基,原子团;根部;根式radium n. 镭Ra* raffinate n. 萃余液* random a. 随机的,无规则的,偶然的rate v. (对...)评价,估计,估价,计算* reactant n.反应物reaction injection moulding反应注射成型reactive a. 反应性的,活性的;反应的* reactivity n. 反应性,反应活性;反应* reactor n.反应器,反应堆* reagent n. 试剂,反应物* reboiler n. 再沸器rectangular a. 矩形的,长方形的rectifier n. 精馏器[塔];整流器rectify vt. 精馏,精炼,蒸馏rectifying section 精馏段* redox = reduction-oxidation n. 氧化还原(作用)redox petential 氧化还原电势* reduce v.(使)还原;减少* reduction n. 还原* refinery n. 炼油厂,提炼厂* reflux n. 回流,倒流reformate n. (汽油)重整产品* reforming n. 重整;转化refract v. 折射* refractory a. 难熔的,耐火的n. 耐火材料* refrigerant n.致冷剂,冷冻剂* regeneration n.再生,更新,新生regress vi. ;n. 回归* relative volatility相对挥发度(性)relevance n. 关联,关系;适当,贴切,中肯render v. 使得,使变为;提炼,提取* repel v.排斥,推开,击退,弹回replicate vt. 复制* reproducibility n. 再生性, 还原性,重复性* residence time 停留时间* residue n. 残余物,残渣,剩余物* resin n. 树脂vt. 用树脂处理retardation time 保留时间retort n. 蒸馏釜, 甑retrieval n. (数据,信息)检索* reverse osmosis 反渗透* reversible a. 可逆的,双向的revise vt. 修正,修改,校正revolve v. (使)绕[旋]转;循环;思索,反复思考rinse vt.;n. 漂洗,淋洗,清洗* riser n. 立(式)管(道),升气管rising film evaporator升膜式蒸发器rotary dryer旋转干燥器round-the-clock 连续一整天(或一昼夜)run-off n. 流出,流泻,径流;流量* rupture disk 安全(隔)膜rupture n.;v.破裂,断裂,破损saccharide n. 糖类,糖化物saponification n. 皂化(作用)* saturate v.使饱和;浸透 a.饱和的* scalar n. 标量,纯量* scale-up n.(按比例)放大,增加,升高schematically ad. 用示意图,用图解法,示意地,大略地* screen v. 筛分,筛选;屏蔽,隐藏scrub v. 气体洗涤,涤气,洗涤,清洗secondary reformer二段(次)转化炉(器)secondary,sec- 仲[指CH3···CH(CH3)-型支链烃,或指二元胺及R2CHOH型的醇]sediment n. 沉积物;沉积,沉淀* sedimentation n. 沉积,沉淀,沉降,淀积segment n. 部分;切片segregation n. 分离,分凝,分开* selectivity n. 选择性,选择seminar n.研究班,(专家)研讨班,讨论会semipermeable a. 半渗透性的semi-technical n. 半工业化的* sensible heat n. 显热sensing device 传感装置[器],遥感装置* sensitivity n. 灵敏性,灵敏度sensor n. 传感器,探测器serviceability n. 使用中的可靠性,耐用性* settling n. 沉降,沉淀sewage n. 污水,下水道(系统)shaft n. (传动,旋转)轴* shear stress 剪应力* shell and tube heat exchanger管壳式换热器,列管式换热器shift reaction 变换反应,转移反应* shortcut n. 近路,捷径v. 简化* shutdown n. 停工,停车,停止运转side-rectifier 侧线(馏分)精馏塔sidestream n. 侧线馏分,塔侧抽出物side-stripper 侧线(馏分)汽提塔* sieve plate 筛板(塔)sieve n. 筛,筛子;滤网vt.筛分,过筛,过滤silica n. 二氧化硅,硅石* silica-gel (氧化)硅胶silicate n. 硅酸盐[酯]silicon n. 硅Sisilver n. 银Ag* similarity n. 相似性,类似,相象* simulate vt. 模拟,仿真,模型化,模型试验simultaneously ad. 同时地;同时发生地single effect evaporator单效蒸发器size vt. 依一定尺寸制造,定尺寸,估计大小sketch n.示意图,简图,设计图sludge n. 淤泥,泥状沉积物;淤渣* slurry n. 稀浆,淤浆;悬浮液[体] soak up 吸收soda n.苏打,纯碱,碳酸钠;碳酸氢钠,小苏打soda-ash n. 纯碱,无水碳酸钠,苏打灰sodium dichromate n. 重铬酸钾* sodium n. 钠Nasoftware n. 软件,程序,程序计算方法;设计计算方法* solubility product 溶度积* solubility n. 溶解度,溶解性* solute n. 溶质,溶解物solution polymerization溶液聚合solvability n. 溶解[溶剂化]能力,可溶解性* solvent n.溶剂,溶媒sorbent n. 吸附剂,吸收剂* spare part n. 备件speciality n. 特制品,特殊产品;专门化,专业(化)* specification n.说明书;(pl.)(尺寸)规格,技术要求;明细表spectroscopic a. 用分光镜的,光谱(学)的* spectroscopy n. 光谱学* spectrum n.(光,波,能,质)谱,频谱;范围,领域spin off n. 伴随[附带] 的结果,有用的副产品spiral a. 螺旋(形)的,螺线的splitting n. 分解,分裂,蜕变* spontaneous a. 自发的,自然的spray dryer 喷雾干燥器stack gas 烟道气stagnant a. 滞流的,停滞的* stainless a.不锈的;纯洁的* standby a. 备用的,后备的n. 备用设备starch n. 淀粉,浆(糊)* startup n. 开动,运转* stationary phase 固定相stationary a. 静止的,固定的,不变的stearic acid 硬脂酸,十八(碳)(烷)酸* stereochemical a. 立体化学的sterile a. 无菌的,消过毒的sterilization n. 消毒,灭菌stiffness n. 刚性[度], 韧性* still n. 蒸馏釜,蒸馏stimulus n. 刺激,促进因素stirred tank reactor搅拌釜式反应器* stoichiometry n. 化学计算,化学计量,理想配比法straight run gasoline直馏汽油stripper n. 汽提塔, 解吸塔* stripping section 提馏段stripping n.汽提,解吸,洗提structured packing 结构填料* styrene n. 苯乙烯* subject-matter 主题,题材,要点,内容* sublimate v. 升华substrate n. 培养基,被酶作用物,基质sucrose n. 蔗糖,砂糖* suction n. 抽吸suffice vi. 足够,有能力vt. 满足(···的需要)* sulfate n. 硫酸盐[酯]* sulfide n. 硫化物sulfite n. 亚硫酸盐[酯]sulfo- 磺基* sulphate n. 硫酸盐[酯]sulphite n. 亚硫酸盐(酯)sulphonate n. 磺酸盐,磺化vt. 使磺化* sulphur n. 硫S, 硫磺* sulphuric acid 硫酸supercritical gas extraction超临界气体萃取* supercritical a. 超临界的* supersaturation n. 过饱和现象supervision n.监督,管理* surface-active agent 表面活性剂surfactant n. 表面活性剂suspension polymerization悬浮聚合* sustainable a. 可持续的,能支撑住的symposium n. 专题讨论会;论文集* syngas n. 合成气tailor-made a. 特制的,专用的,定做的;合适的,恰到好处的tangentially ad. 成切线teamwork n. 协力,协作,配合,协同作战teflon n.(商品名)特氟隆,聚四氟乙烯* tension n. 张力,弹力* terminology n.术语,专门用语tert- 叔tetra- 四,丁tetra-alkyl lead 四烷基铅the lion’s share较大部分,最大部分thermal tubular reactor热管反应器* thermal a. 热(量,力)的,温的thermochemical a 热化学的thermocouple n. 热电偶* thermodynamics n. 热力学* thermoplastic n. 热塑性塑料 a. 热塑性的* thermoset n. 热固性 a. 热固性的thio- 硫代thorium n. 钍Ththoroughness n. 彻底性,充分性,完全性* throughput n.生产量,生产率,生产能力tin n. 锡Sntitanium n. 钛Ti* titrate v. 滴定n. 被滴定液TM =trademark n.商标* toluene n. 甲苯* toxic a. (有)毒的,毒性的n. 毒药[物,剂]toxicity n. 毒性,毒力trade-off n. (对不能同时兼顾的因素的)权衡,比较评定,放弃trans- 反式;超,过* transition n. 过渡(段),转变,变化* transparent a. 透明的,半透明的,某种辐射线可以透过的tri- 三(重,倍,回)trickle bed reactor滴流床反应器tube sheet 管板tubular fixed-bed reaction管式固定床反应器* tubular reactor 管式反应器* tubular a. 管的,管式的,由管构成的tungsten n. 钨Wturbine n. 透平(机),叶轮机,汽轮机,涡轮(机)* turbulent a. 湍流的,紊流的;扰动的* turn-down ratio 极限负荷比,操作弹性* ultimated load 最大载荷ultracentrifuge n. 超速离心机* ultrafiltration n. 超滤(作用)ultra-red a. 红外的* ultraviolet a. 紫外的,紫外线的n. 紫外线unaccepted product 不合格(产)品* unbound electron 自由电子* underlie v. 构成[作为]···的基础;位于···的下面* unit operation 单元操作unlagged a. 未保温的,未隔热的;未绝缘的,* unsaturated a. 不饱和的update v. 适时修正,不断改进,使···适合新的要求uptake n. 吸收;领会,理解uranium n. 铀U * urea n. 尿素,脲valcanize n. 硫化,硬化* valence n.(化合)价,(原子)价validity n. 有效,合法性;正确,确实valve plate 浮阀塔(板)* valve n.阀,活门vanadium n. 钒V* vaporize vt.(使)汽化,(使)蒸发* vector n. 矢量,向量* ventilate vt. 通风,排气,开气孔,装以通风设备* venturi n. 文氏管verification n. 检验,验证* versatile a. 通用的,万能的;活动的,万向的via prep. [拉丁语] 经(过),viable a. 可行的,可用的;有生命力的,富有生命的* vinyl n. 乙烯基,乙烯树脂* viscosity n. 粘度,粘性* viscous a. 粘(性,滞,稠)的,* void fraction 空隙率void n. 空隙,空隙率* volatile a. 易挥发的,挥发性的* volatility n. 挥发度,挥发性vortex n. 旋涡;涡流(面),涡旋(体)vulcanization n. 硫化,硬化* weir n. 堰,溢流堰whizzer n. 离心机wiped-film evaporator刮膜式蒸发器xylene n. 二甲苯yeast n. 酵母-yl 基-yne 炔zeolite n. 沸石zinc n. 锌Zn。
前几课翻译链接:/s/1o6qiyuQLesson 10 ThermodynamicsThermodynamics is the physics of energy, heat, work, entropy and the spontaneity of processes. Thermodynamics is closely related to statistical mechanics from which many thermodynamic relationships can be derived.热力学是物理能量,热,工作过程,熵和自发性。
热力学是密切相关的统计力学,热力学关系可以推导出。
While dealing with processes in which systems exchange matter or energy, classical thermodynamics is not concerned with the rate at which such processes take place, termed kinetics. For this reason, the use of the term “thermodynamics”usually refers to equilibrium thermodynamics. In this connection, a central concept in thermodynamics is that of quasistatic processes, which are idealized, “infinitely slow”processes. Time-dependent thermodynamic processes are studied by non-equilibrium thermodynamics.在处理中,系统交换物质或能量的过程,经典热力学不关心这些过程发生的速率,称为动力学。
为此,对“热力学”通常指的是平衡热力学的使用。
在这方面,热力学中一个重要的概念是,准静态过程,是理想化的,“无限慢”的过程。
时间依赖性的热力学过程的非平衡热力学研究。
1 Applications of Thermodynamics1.热力学应用There are two major applications of thermodynamics, both of which are important to chemical engineers:有两个主要应用热力学,这两者都是化学工程师的重要:(1) The calculation of heat and work effects associated with process as well as the calculation of the maximum work obtainable from a process or the minimum work required to drive a process.(1)的热量和工作的影响与过程以及从一个过程或最小工作需要驱动的过程中获得的最大工作的计算。
(2) The establishment of relationships among the variables describing systems at equilibrum.2)描述系统在平衡的变量之间的关系的建立。
The first application is suggested by the name thermodynamics, which implies heat in motion. Most of these calculations can be made by the direct implementation of the first and second laws.Examples are calculating the work of compressing a gas, performing an energy balance on an entire process or a process unit, determining the minimum work of separating a mixture of ethanol and water, or evaluating the efficiency of an ammonia synthesis plant.第一个应用是由名称热力学的建议,这意味着热运动。
大多数这些计算可以由第一和第二定律直接执行。
实例计算压缩气体的工作,执行对整个过程或过程单元的能量平衡,确定分离乙醇和水的混合物的最小工作,或评估一个合成氨厂的效率。
The application of thermodynamics to a particular system results in the definition of useful properties and the establishment of a network of relationships among the properties and other variables such as pressure, temperature, volume, and mol fraction. Actually, application 1 would not be possible unless a means existed for evaluating the necessary thermodynamics property changes required in implementing the first and second laws. The property changes are calculated from experimentally determined data via the established network of relationships. Additionally, the network of relationships among the variables of a system allows the calculation of values of variables which are either unknown or difficult to determine experimentally from variables whichare either available or easier to measure. For example, the heat of vaporizing a liquid can be calculated from measurements of the vapor pressure at several temperatures and the densities of the liquid and vapor phase at several temperatures, and the maximum conversion obtainable in a chemical reaction at any temperature can be calculated from calorimetric measurements performed on the individual substances participating in the reaction.热力学的有用的特性,和其他变量,如压力,温度,体积性质之间的关系,建立一个网络的定义,一个特定的系统中,与摩尔分数。
实际上,应用1将不可能存在除非手段评估必要的热力学性质的变化在执行第一和第二定律。
属性的变化计算从实验确定的数据通过网络关系的建立。
此外,一个系统的变量之间的关系的网络允许是未知的或难以确定实验中是可用的或容易衡量的变量的变量值的计算。
例如,蒸发液体可从蒸汽压力测量在不同温度下的液体和蒸气相的密度在几个温度下计算出的热,在任何温度下化学反应得到最大的转换可以从热测量对个体物质参与的反应进行了计算。
2 The nature of Thermodynamics2热力学性质A. Thermodynamics is a science that includes the study of energy transformations and of the relationships among the physical properties of substances that are affected by these transformations.A.热力学是一门科学,包括研究的能量转换和之间的关系,通过这些变革影响物质的物理性质之间的。
1. Definition is broad and vague.1定义是广泛的,模糊的。
2. Mechanical engineers typically focus on power and refrigeration devices such as steam power plants, fuel cells, nuclear reactors, etc.2机械工程师通常集中在发电和制冷设备如蒸汽发电厂,燃料电池,核反应堆等。
3. Chemical engineers typically focus on phase equilibria and chemical reactions and the associated properties.3化学工程师通常集中在相平衡和化学反应和相关的性能。
4. Element which really sets thermodynamics apart from other sciences is the study of energy transformations through heat and work.4元素,真正使热力学与其他科学是通过热与功转换能量的研究。
B. Thermodynamic properties can be studied either by studying macroscopic or microscopic behavior of matter.B.热力学性质进行研究无论是通过研究宏观或微观物质的行为。
1. Classical thermodynamics treats matter as a continuum and studies the macroscopic behavior of matter1经典热力学治疗物质作为一个连续体,研究物质的宏观行为2. Statistical thermodynamics studies the statistical behavior of large groups of individual particles. It postulates that observed physical property behavior (e.g., T, p, H, ∙∙∙) is equal to the appropriate statistical average of a large number of particles.2统计热力学研究的大组的单个粒子的统计行为。