第十三讲
模块三语法专练：主谓一致
【考点透视】在近年高考英语试题中，单项填空部分直接涉及到主谓一致的内容不是十分频繁，但是这并不是说主谓一致不重要，一方面在试题的其他方面有一定程度的体现，另一方面说明在今后的单选命题中考查主谓一致的几率更高。有关主谓一致的考点主要分布在：语法结构对主谓一致的影响；充当主语的词汇意义对主谓一致的影响；复合句中的主谓一致等。
主谓一致指的是谓语动词与主语在人称和数方面的一致。主谓一致有三项原则，即：语法一致、意义一致和就近一致原则是在特殊情况下对语法一致的补充。这里就一些情况作如下说明：
（一）当名词词组中心词为表示度量、距离、金额、时间、书名等复数名词时，谓语常用单数。如：
Five minutes is enough to do this exercise.
（二）不定代词each，every，no 所修饰的名词即使以and 或逗号连接成多主语时，谓语动词仍用单数。如：Each boy and each girl wants to serve the people in future.
（三）不定式、动名词作主语时谓语动词用单数。
（四）从句作主语时：
1．what 引导的主语从句，谓语动词视情况而定。
What we need is more time. / What we need are more teachers.
2．在“ one of + 复数名词+ who / that ”引导的从句中的动词用复数，但当one 之前有the only 等修饰语时，从句中的动词则用单数。如：
This is one of the girls who were late for the meeting. This is the only one of the girls who was late for the meeting. （五）以and 连接的两个名词作主语时谓语动词通常用复数。如：Walking and riding are good exercises. 但在以下几种情况中用单数：1．当被修饰的两个单数名词在意义上指的是同一个人、物或概念时。如：
The girl 's teacher and friend is a young doctor. 2．当被连接的两个单数名词表示的是一副用具时。
A knife and fork is on the table.
（六）有些以-s 结尾的名词作主语时，根据其意思来决定谓语动词的单复数：
1表示学科名称的名词T单数；
2. 国家或团体名称-单数；
3. the Olympic Game厂复数；
4．当复数同形的名词，如：means，works 等。
Every means has been tried. / All means have been tried.
（七）集体名词作主语时，视其意义来决定谓语动词的单复数：
1. police, people等名词宀复数；
2. clothing, equipment, furniture 等名词宀单数；
3. family，class，public，population 等名词表示个体时—单数；表示单位成员时—复数；
（八）a ll, most, half, the rest等不定代词作主语时，视其所代的名词或意思来决定谓语动词的单复数。
（九）a lot of/ lots of , a large quantity of 等量词+ 名词作主语时,谓语动词的单复数由这些量词后的名词决定。如：
A large quantity of people are needed here.
但large quantities of修饰可数或不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：
Large quantities of food / books are on the table. （十）a kind of/kinds of作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由kind 决定, type 也是这样。如：
This kind of men is dangerous. / Men of this are dangerous.
4．当复数同形的名词，如：means，works 等。（十一）分数或百分数+ 名词作主语时,谓语动词的单复
数由分数或百分数后的名词决定。
（十二）more than one ...，many a ...作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：
Many a student has read the book.
（十三）or，either ... or ... ，neither ... nor ...，not only ... but （also） ...等连接并列主语时，谓语动词与就近的主语一致。（十四）主语后面跟有like，as well as / with/ along with/ together with ，except/ but / rather than ，including/ besides/ in addition to 等词组时，谓语根据主语而定。如：
The teacher together with his students was excited.
【题例精析】
【例1】—Mike, what did our monitor say just now?
—Every boy and every girl as well as teachers who ______ to visit the museum ______ asked to be at the school gate before 6:30 in the morning. （2007 南京一中卷）
A. is; is
B. are; are
C. is; are
D. are; is
【易错点悟】解答该题的关键是要理解题干结构，把握以every, no, each 等限定的并由and 连接的两个并列名词用作主语时的主谓一致以及定语从
句中的主谓一致。
要点精析】该题为一个带有定语从句的复合句，句中作定
语的关系代词 who 指代先行词teachers,为复数，故谓语动 词该用are ;
as well as 连接两个主语时，谓语动词要根据前 一个主语决定； 由
every, no, each 等限定的并由 and 连接的 两个并列名词作主语时，谓
语动词要用单数形式。
【答案】 D
例 2】 What the remote areas need children and what the
children need
导的主语从句作主语时的主谓一致关系。
要点精析】 一般情况下， what 引导主语从句， 常表示单数 意义，谓语动词用单数形式，但当它所指的具体内容是复数 意义
时，谓语动词要用复数形式。该题强调现在，用一般现 在时态。
答案】 A
专项检测】
this pair of glassesbelong to and whose
the glasses on the table?
education to good textbooks at
the moment.
2007 山东枣庄 3 月交流卷） A. is; are
B. are; is
C. was; were
D. were; was
易错点悟】解答该题关键是要注意由特殊疑问词 what 引
1. Whom
2. There ______ a pen, two pencils and three books on the
desk.
A. are
B. is
C. has
D. have
3. The United States of America ________ one of the most
developed countries in the world.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
4. “ Al_l ___ present and all ________ going on well, ”our
monitor said.
A. is; is
B. are; are
C. are; is
D. is; are
5. I have finished a large part of the book, the rest of which
very difficult.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
6. The trouble with such resources as coal, oil and gas _____
that they are not renewable.
A. has been
B. are
C. have been
D. is
7. More than one example ________ necessary to make the
students understand this rule clearly.
A. does; is
D. do; is
B. do; are
C. does; are
A. should be
B. is
C. are
D. have been
8. Although many of the houses in the small town ____ still in need of repair, there _____ lots of improvement in their appearance.
A. are; has been
B. is; have been
C. is; are
D. are; was
9. Going to bed early and getting up early _______ a good habit.
A. is
B. are
C. were
D. was
10. The police ________ asked that anyone who saw the accident should get in touch with _____ .
A. have; them
B. has; him
C. have; him
D. has; them
11. My friend and classmate Paul ______ horse-riding in his spare time.
A. practice
B. practices
C. is practiced.
D. is practicing
12. People like beautiful things, but the beautiful ______ not always the useful.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
13. —Are you very anxious?
― Yes.Ten minutes _______ like an hour when you are waiting for a phone call.
A. seem
B. seems
C. do
D. does
14. On the wall _______ two large pictures of his parents.
A. hangs
B. hanged
C. hanging
D.
hang
15. That 's the one of the subjects that _____________ to start a conversation.
A. intends
B. intend
C. are intended
D. is intended
16. I, who _________ your teacher, will try my best to help
you with your study.
A. be
B. am
C. are
D.
is
17. Not only my brother but also I ______ good at painting.
Both of us ________ good painters.
A. are; are
B. am; are
C. is; is
D. are; is
18. Setting fire to the public buildings ___________ highly dangerous and forbidden by law.
A. are
B. is
C. has
D. were
19. _______ visitors to the UK were asked by newspaper reporters what their impressions of the British people were.
A. The number of
B. A number of
C. Numbers of
D. Any numbers of
20. The first two questions were easy, but the rest of them not.
A. was
B. were
C. being
D. to be
21. “ Thepublic ______ the best judge. ”means “ thepublic always _____ their thoughts correctly. ”
A. are; express
B. are; expresses
C. is; express
D. is; express
22. This kind of cakes ______ good while cakes of that kind
_______ different.
A. taste; are
B. tastes; are
C. smells; is
D. look; are
23. Where to find the teacher and where to do the experiment
A. are not known
B. is not known
C. has not known
D. have not known
24. The manager or his secretary _______ to give you an interview.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
25. That they have cheated the boys _______ now clear to us all.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
26. The old _______ taken good cave of in our country.
A. is
B. has
C. are
D. have
27. It seems to me that what Lucy saw and heard ___
very interesting.
A. was
B. were
C. is
D. are
28. Every means __ ____ tried, but in vain.
A. have been
B. has been
C. are
D.
is
29. Many a boy and many a student _______ looking forward to visiting the United States of America at present.
A. are
B. were
C. is
D. was
30. E-mail, as well as telephones, _____ an important part
in daily communication.
A. is playing
B. have played
C. are playing
D. play
31. Though small, the ant is as much a creature as ______ all other animals on earth.
A. are
B. is
C. do
D. have
32. Despite much research, there are still certain elements in the life cycle of the insect that _________ not fully understood.
A. are
B. were
C. is
D. was
33. Everybody in our country, men and women, old and young, sports and games.
A. are fond of
B. enjoys
C. go in for
D. take part in
34. There are ________ flowers shown in the park and
_______ people go to have a look.
A. varieties of; various
B. a plenty of; many
C. various; many a
D. quite a few; quite
a little
35. An iron and steel works, with some satellite factories
________ to be built here.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
36. The engineer and worker referred to ______________ to design something.
A. be going
B. are going
C. be likely
D. is going
37. As a result of destroying the forests, a large _______ of desert ________ covered the land.
A. number; has
B. quantity; has
C. number; have
D. quantity; have
38. —The education system rather than the teachers ____ to answer for the overburden on the students.
—I agree. I hope the reform being carried out in our country will hang about the _____________ results.
A. me; desired
B. is; desired
C. are; desiring
D. is; desiring
39. His Selected Poems ______ first published in 1986.
A. were
B. was
C. has been
D. is
40. Writing stories and articles ________ what she enjoys most.
A. is
B. have been
C. was
D. were
41. Each of the students in our class ____ great interest in English and they each _____ a copy of A New English-Chinese Dictionary.
A. shows; have
B. have; has
C. is; have
D. takes; has
42. The factory, including its machines and buildings, burnt last night.
A. is
B. are
C. were
D. was
43. The White family _______ very large. All the family
______ animal lovers.
A. is; are
B. is; is
C. are; is
D.
are; are
44. Large quantities of fruit ______ all over the world from China today.
A. is shipped
B. are shipped
C. has Shipped
D. have shipped
45. In our country each boy and each girl ______ the right to receive a good education.
A. is
B. are
C. has
D.
have
【答案解析】
1. C o “this / the pair of +名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数；glasses，trousers，clothes 等复数名词作主语，谓语动词则用复数。
2. B。There be 句型中，主语不止一个时，遵循“就近一致” 的原则，即谓语与邻近的主语保持人称和数的一致。
3. A。表示国家，组织、单位的名词作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。
4. C。不定代词all作主语，指人时，谓语动词常用复数；指物时，谓语动词常用单数。
5. A o “the rest of +名词”作主语，谓语动词的数与中心名词保持一致，这里which指代the book.故用is。
6. D o the trouble / problem with ...意为“由带来的问题；存在的问题”。题中：the trouble为主语部分的中心词。
7. B。many a（许多）+单数可数名词或more than one（不止一个） + 单数可数名词作主语时，常遵循“语法一致”的原则，即主语是单数，谓语也用单数。
8. A。此处improvement是不可数名词。
9. A。当and连接两个或两个以上的词、短语或句子作主语
且表示同一概念时，谓语动词用单数。
10. A。police，people，cattle 等表示“总称”的名词作主语时，谓语动词常用复数。
11. B。Paul 既是我的朋友还是我的同学，主语指的是一个人，故谓语动词用单数，且根据题意，此处需用一般现在时态的主动语态。
12. C。the + 形容词/ -ing 形式/ 过去分词(表示—类人或事物)做主语时，谓语动词常用复数，但表示一种抽象概念或品质时，谓语动词常用单数。题中the beautiful is not always the usefu I意为“好看的不一定总是有用的”。
13. B。表示时间、距离、金额数量等的名词作为一个整体作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。
14. D。这是一个倒装句，主语是复数形式，故谓语动词用复数。
15. ............................................................................. D o be intended to do / for 意为“被打算.................. ”。先行词为one of ...结构时，定语认句中的谓语动词用复数形式；先行词为the (onIy) one of ...结构时，从句中谓语动词用单数。
16. B。关系代词作主语，定语从句中的谓语动词应与先行词保持人称和数的一致。
17. B。not onIy ... but aIso，either ... or，neither ... nor，not ...
but 等结构连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数应遵循“就近致”的原则。18. B。不定式、-ing形式短语或名词性从句作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。注意：当what 引导的从句作主语，且表语为名词时，谓语动词的数常
由表语的数决定。
佃.C。答案B、D本身就错误的，A表示“……的数目” ,C 表示“许多”，依据谓语是were,选C。
20. B。本题的要点是half of, the rest of, plenty of 修饰可数或不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数还是复数，视具体情况而定。如果of 后面是不可数名词,谓语用单数,如果
of后面是可数名词，则谓语用复数形式。
21. D。本题的变化点是集合名词若作整体看待，谓语用单数；若看作一个个成员时,谓语用复数。
22. B。本题考查知识点是：由a kind of, this kind of, many kinds of和“名词+ of this kind'等以及由与kind意义相似的type, sort等构成的类似短语作主语时，谓语动词与of前的名词保持数的一致。
23. A。本题考查知识点是不定式做主语时谓语动词的数。
句子结构是“疑问词+to do and+疑问词+to do”，谓语动词应为复数形式。但如果两个疑问词加不定式在句中作主语表示一件事的两个侧面，则谓语动词用单数。
24. A。谓语就近一致。
25. A。名词性从句作主语，谓语动词通常用单数。
26. C。定冠词置于形容词或分词前表示“一类人”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
27. A。主语从句后动词用单数。
28. D。means 单复数同形，every means 意为“每种方法” ，故谓语动词用单数形式。
29. C o “many a +单数名词”作主语，谓语用单数。
30. A。句中的主语是e-mail，不包括as well as telephones
31. A。此句中的第二个as引导一个限制性定语从句，并在
从句中作表语。先行词creature被as修饰，所以定语从句要用as引导。因定语从句的主语是复数名词all other animals,所以谓语用are。全句意思：尽管蚂蚁很小，但它和地球所有其它动物一样都是生物。as much ... as ...意为“与 ..... 一
样多的.... ”、“与.... 同样”。又如：He has as much interest in politics as in history他对政治与历史同样感兴趣。She spent twice as much money on clothing as I do. 她花在衣服上的钱是我花的两倍。
32. A。这里由引导的定语从句修饰复数名词elements,所
以定语从句中的that代替的复数意义的名词，其谓语应该用
复数形式；这里谈到的是现实存在的事实，排除B项。
33. D o everybody 是主语。
34. A o plenty of前不应有a, many a接“单数名词+单数动词”，quite a little 后不能修饰people。
35. A。句中主语是an iron and steel works “一家钢铁厂”, 谓语应
用单数。
36. D。如果and连接的两个同是指同一个人、同一事物或同一概念，谓语一般用单数。
37. B。a large quantity of后面跟的是不可数名词desert，而且谓语动词是has。
38. B。the education system 是主语，谓语动词应用单数；the desired results意为“期望的结果”。
39. B。以s结尾的书刊名、国名、组织名作主语时，谓语仍用单数。
40. A。单个动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
41. A。each 作主语，谓语动词用单数，作同位语时，谓语动词用复数。
42. D。主语部分含有including with, together with, rather than, as well as, except等短语时，谓语都应与前边的主语保持一致。
43. A。family，team，government 等名词侧重表示整体概
念时，谓语动词常用单数；指成员时，谓语动词常用复数。
44. B。“large quantities of +名词”作主语，谓语动词常用复数；a large quantities of + 名词作主语，谓语动词的数由所修饰的名词来定。ship此处意为“用船或飞机运输”。
45. Co each???and each .., every???and every???, no ???no …, 等结构作主语，谓语动词常用单数形式。
英语主谓一致专项复习优秀教案 各位读友大家好，此文档由网络收集而来，欢迎您下载，谢谢 【复习目标】 ·掌握主谓一致的原则。 ·掌握主谓一致应注意的几个问题。 【课前准备】 ·要求学生回忆有关主谓一致的具体应用。 【知识要点】 1/语法形式上的一致。 主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式：主语为复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式。 2.意义上一致。 主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。 单数形式表示复数意义的词有people,police,audience等。 主语形式为复数而意义上却是单数
或不可数，谓语动词用单数。 形复意单的词有：news,maths,physics等。 3.就近原则 谓语动词的单、复数取决于最靠近它的主语，如therebe句型或用连词either...or...，neither...nor...,notonly...butalso等。 4.要注意的几个问题。 class,family,team,country,school等集合名词作主语时，如果指整体，用单数；如果指每个成员，用复数。 如:HisfamilyarewatchingTVinthesittingroo m. Hisfamilyisverybig. trousers,shoes,glasses,socks,stockings,scis sors单独作主语时，谓语动词用复数，但当它们与apairof或pairsof连用时，谓语动词与pair的数保持一致。 如：Thepairofglassesfitsyouwell.
Severalpairsofnewshoeshavebeensenttothe oldmen. 名词性物主代词后的动词单复数，取决于它所代替的是单数还是复数。 如：oursisagreatparty. yourshoesareblack,minearebrown. 5.当主语后面跟有with,togetherwith,like,but,except,besides,a swellas等引导的词组时，其谓语动词的单、复数按主语单、复数而定。 如：mrGreentogetherwithhischildrengoestothe parkeverySunday. +adj表示一类人，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 如：Theoldaregoingtobelookedafterwell. 连接并列主语、谓语动词通常用复数，但如果指同个人，同一事物或同一概 念，谓语动词用单数，这时and后
英语主谓一致练习全集 一、主谓一致 1．On no-car day, ____________ students ____________ teachers are allowed to drive to school. A．either; or B．not only; but also C．neither; nor D．both; and 【答案】C 【解析】 句意：在无车日，学生和老师都不被允许开车去学校。either; or 或者，或者； not only; but also不仅，而且； neither; nor 既不，也不；both; and……和……都；根据On no-car day可知此处表示无车日，因此都不开车，故选C。 2．Smog and haze is a kind of air pollution. It _______ people _____ about their health. A．make, worry B．make, be worried C．makes, worried D．makes, worry 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：雾霾是一种空气污染。它使人们担心他们的健康。考查主谓一致和动词短语辨析。it是单数第三人称，动词需用三单形式，可排除AB两项。make让，使役动词，make sb. do sth.让某人做某事，是固定结构，可排除C项。根据句意结构，可知选D。 3．The boys ____________ from America like China A．who is B．are C．which is D．who are 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：这些来自美国的男孩喜欢中国。考查定语从句。本句是主谓宾结构，可排除B项。空白处做主语the boys的后置定语，先行词the boys是人，不可用which（用于先行词是 物时），需用who引导；the boys是复数人称，系词需用are；根据句意结构，可知选D。 4．Either Eve or Herb ___________ been invited by Lucy’s parents already. A．have B．has C．was D．Were 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意：伊芙或赫伯已经被路西的父母邀请了。 Either ... or...或者……或者，连接两个主语时，用就近原则，already是现在完成时的标志词，结合句意，故选B
高考英语新主谓一致知识点难题汇编及答案 一、选择题 1．I was _______ with my son about his carelessness, which _______ the main cause of his failure in math. A．annoyed; were B．amazed; was C．amazing; were D．annoyed; was 2．The people trapped in the ruins ____________ that rescue teams ____________ here without delay. A．desire; are sent B．desiring; were sent C．desire; be sent D．desiring; be sent 3．A saying goes_____ all work and no play___________ Jack a dull boy. A．that; makes B．which; makes C．that; make D．which; make 4．In addition to John and Helen, their cousin ______ visit us next month. A．is coming to B．are coming to C．are to D．is likely 5．The fact that so many people still smoke in public places____ that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking. A．suggest B．suggests C．suggested D．suggesting 6．Neither Mary nor her parents ________ of the exciting news, which surprises us a lot. A．has informed B．have informed C．has been informed D．have been informed 7．John is one of the best writers who ______ published a lot of books. A．has B．have C．have been D．are 8．Actually, the garden, as well as the trees around it, a man living across the street. A．is belonged to B．are belonged to C．belongs to D．belong to 9．E-mail as well as telephones ______ more and more popular in daily communication. A．have become B．become C．are becoming D．is becoming 10．A great number of small power stations _____ up in their province since 1960. A．are set B．have set C．have been set D．will have been set 11．As long as there are still flames inside the museum, no one but member of the fire department ______ to go inside. A．is allowed B．has been allowed C．are allowed D．have been allowed 12．Linda, together with her brothers, _______spending the holiday in Chile when the strong earthquake broke out. A．was B．were C．is D．are 13．Nowadays the growth of food delivery apps in China ______ the country with takeout containers and plastic A．have drowned B．has been drowned C．is drowning D．are drowned 14．—Lydia, what did our head-teacher say just now?
中考英语语法专项复习：主谓一致 教学设计 北戴河新区长白学校姜殿凤 考情分析： “主谓一致”是每年中考的必考知识点，平均每年一道题。 学情分析： 学生需要对该语法项目进行系统的归纳和总结，并灵活运用所学知识点。教师的精确点拨可以帮助学生更好地掌握语法知识。复习目标： 1.能掌握主谓一致的基本原则。 2.能在具体的练习题中总结归纳有关主谓一致的规则。 3.能体验到自主学习的重要性、探究学习并完成任务的快乐。复习重点和难点： 重点：主谓一致应遵循的三个基本原则。 难点：一些代词、集合名词等作主语时应遵循的原则。 复习策略： 自主复习合作探究精心点拨模拟演练归纳总结 教学过程： Step Ⅰ:导入 播放幻灯片“中考导航”，使学生了解“主谓一致”是中考中 的高频考点。 中考导航：
设计意图：使学生了解“主谓一致”是中考中的高频考点。Step Ⅱ:考点突破 学生探究，教师精确点拨，突破考点。 1.主谓一致的含义（幻灯片3） 主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。 2.主谓一致三原则：（幻灯片4 ） ①语法一致原则： 指主语和谓语在单复数形式上的一致关系。主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式;反之,谓语动词用复数形式. Tom ___(be) a good student. They often _____(play) football on the playground.
②意义一致原则：（幻灯片5 ） 指谓语动词的单,复数要取决于主语所表达的概念,而不取决于表面上的语法标记. 指主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数，但表示单数意义，这是谓语动词用单数形式。 My family ____(is, are) having lunch now. Maths ____ (is, are) difficult for me. ③就近一致原则：（幻灯片6） 指当主语由两个或两个以上名词或代词组成时,谓语动词的数要与它紧邻的名词或代词的数一致. Not only the teacher but also his students _____(like) playing football. There ____(be) a pen and some books on the desk. 突破考点： ①名词作主语：（幻灯片7——12） 1.单数名词，不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数形式，复数名词作主语，谓语用复数形式。 The desk ____(be) Tom’s. Some water____ (be) in the bottle. The students _____ (be) playing football on the playground. 2.某些集体名词，如family, team, club，class，public，group 等作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式，如果就其中一个个成员而言，谓语动词用复数形式。
英语主谓一致经典教 案
主谓一致 教学目的：让学生掌握主谓一致概念以及主谓一致的三个原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近原则，通过判断主谓一致该遵循哪 个原则，培养学生的分析判断能力。 教学重点：主谓一致的几个考点。 教学难点：1、遵循就近原则的几个固定句型结构 2、关于many a 与more than one的主谓一致问题 3、关于one of 的主谓一致问题 教学过程： 一、考情分析 主谓一致基本每年都会考，主要靠点集中在语法一致，意义一致和就近一致上面。还要注意（the）one of + 复数名词+ who/that/which 引导的定语从句的谓语的单复数。很多学因缺乏相应的语句结构基础知识，故在讲课前须让学生明白句间结构的组成和主谓一致的概念含义。 句子是按照一定的语法规律组成的，表达一个完整的意义。一个句子一般由两部分构成，即主语部分和谓语部分，这两部分也叫做句子的主要成分。句子的次要成分包括宾语，定语，状语，表语、同位语等。英语句子有长在短，有简有繁，从现象看，似乎千变万化，难以捉摸，但从实质看，可以发现其内在联系，找出其共同规律。英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。英语五种基本句型列式如下：基本句型一：ＳＶ（主＋谓） 基本句型二：ＳＶＰ（主＋谓＋表） 基本句型三：ＳＶＯ（主＋谓＋宾）
基本句型四：ＳＶ O Ｏ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾） 基本句型五：ＳＶＯＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）主语(subject) 是一个句子的主题( theme)，是句子所述说的主体、对象。它的位置一般在一句之首。可用作主语的有一个单词、短语、从句乃至句子。 谓语(predicate) 或谓语动词(predicate verb)是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，其位置一般在主语之后。谓语由简单动词或动词短语（助动词或情态动词＋主要动词）构成。 表语的功能是表述主语的特征、状态、身份等。它也可以说是一种主语补语。它位于联系动词之后，与之构成所谓的系表结构。在系表结构钟，联系动词只是形式上的谓语，二真正起谓语作用的则是表语。可以作表语的词有：名词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语、从句等。 宾语（object）在句中主要充当动作、行为、活动的对象、接受者或受影响者。因此一般皆置于及物动词之后。 定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。主要有形容词此外还有名词、代词、数词、介词短语、动词不定式（短语）、分词、定语从句或相当于形容词的词、短语或句子都可以作定语。 状语（adverbial）是修饰动词、形容词、副词以及全句的句子成分。 同位语当两个指同一事物的句子成分放在同等位置时，一个句子成分可被用来说明或解释另一个句子成分，前者就叫做后者的同位语（appositive）.这两个句子成分多由名词（代词）担任，同位语通常皆放在其说明的名词（代词）之后。 He himself doesn’t know why.（代词做同位语）
主谓一致的讲解 主谓一致是指： 1）语法形式上要一致，即名词单复数形式与谓语要一致。 2）意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。 一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致 1.由and 连接主语时 And 连接的两个或多个单数可数名词、不可数名词或代词作主语时根据意义或概念确定谓语用单数或复数 1)并列主语表示不同的人、物或概念时谓语动词用复数 Li Ming and Zhang Hua are good students. Like many others, the little tramp and the naughty boy have rushed there in search of gold. 小流浪汉和调皮的小男孩也赶到那里寻找金子 Both rice and wheat are grown in this area. 2)并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。 The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting. 那位教授兼作家正在会上发言 A journalist and authour lives on the sixth floor. 一位新闻记者兼作家 His lawyer and former college friend was with him on his trip to Europe. 他的律师兼大学时代的朋友陪他去欧洲旅行 The Premier and Foreign Minister was present at the state banquet. 总理兼外长 比较：the writer and the educator have visited our school. the writer and educator has visited our school. His lawyer and his former college friend were with him on his trip to Europe. 注意：指同一个人或物时，并列主语前只用一个冠词，指不同的需要分别加冠词，但两个名词具有分别的对立的意思时只需要一个冠词即可 A boy and girl are playing tennis. 3)并列主语前有each, every, many a , no 等修饰时谓语动词用单数 Each doctor and (each) nurse working in the hospital was asked to help patients. Every man, woman and child is entitled to take part in the activity. 有权参加 Every boy and (every) girl admires him for his fine sense of humour. Many a boy and (many a ) girl has made the same mistake No boy and no girl is there now.没有任何男孩和女孩在那里 注意：many a 跟单数可数名词但是表示复数意义翻译为很多 Many a student was disappointed after seeing the movie. 4)并列主语为不可分的整体时，谓语动词用单数 A law and rule about protecting environment has been drawn up. 关于保护环境的法律法规已经起草完成。 The knife and fork has been washed 刀叉已经被洗好 War and peace is a constant theme in history 战争与和平是历史永恒的主题 注意;常被视为主体的结构 A cup and saucer 一副杯碟 A horse and cart 马车 A knife and fork 一副刀叉
高三英语知识点总结：主谓一致 主谓一致(Subject- Verb Agreement)，指”人称”和”数方面的一致关系.如: He is going abroad. They are playing football. 可分为:语法一致, 内容一致, 就近一致. (一) 语法一致原则: 即主语为单数,谓语用单数,主语为复数,谓语也用复数. 以下为注意事项: 1. 单数主语即使后面带有with , along with, together with, like(象), but (除了),except, besides, as well as, no less than, rather than(而不是), including, in addition to 引导的短语, 谓语动词仍用单数. 如: Air as well as water is matter. 空气和水都是物质. No one except two servants was late for the dinner. 除了两个仆人外, 没有一个人迟来用餐。 2. 用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同一事,同一概念, 谓语动词用单数, 否则用复数. 如: The poet and writer has come. 那位诗人兼作家来了.(一个人) A hammer and a saw are useful tools. 锤子和锯都是有用的工具. (两样物)用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体, 如:bread and butter(黄油抹面包), knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。 3. 不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. 如: Serving the people is my great happiness. 为人民服务是我的幸福.
2017中考英语语法精讲：主谓一致 【教学目标】 熟练掌握语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近原则。 【教学内容】 语法一致原则 主语和谓语通常是在语法形式上取得一致，即主语是单数形式时，谓语动词也采用单数形式； 主语是复数形式时，谓语动词也采用复数形式。 1．当and或both... and...连接表示不同概念的名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：Tom and Mike are good friends．汤姆和迈克是好朋友。 Both Lucy and Lily are students．露西和莉莉都是学生。 2．不定代词either，neither，each one，the other，another，anybody, anyone, anything, someone, somebody, som ething, everyone,everybody，everything，nobody，no one，nothing 等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如： Is there anything wrong with your bike? 你的自行车有什么毛病吗？ Everyone is ready for the sports meeting. 大家都为运动会做好了准备。 3．由each...and each...，ever．..and every...作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如： Each boy and( each) girl was given a new book. 给了每一个男孩和每一个女孩一本新书。 4．主语后接由with，along with，together with，as well as，rather than，including，besides，like，except' but等词或短语连接的名词时，谓语动词的单复数形式由主语的单复数形式决定。如： Mr. Green with his wife and two daughters is coming to Beijing. 格林先生将和他的夫人及两个女儿一块儿来北京。 5．“a number of+名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；“the number of+名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如： A number of trees are cut down．许多树木被砍倒了。 The number of students in our class is 32.
英语语法——主谓一致（就近、就远原则） 就近原则： 也称“ 近原”“就近一致原” (Proximity），即：与靠近的名、代（有不一定是主）在“人称、数”上一致。 在正式文体中： 1. 由下列接的并列主："there be ＋句型 ; or ; either；?norr; neither?nor；whether ? or；not ? but; not only?but also"等;。e.g. ①What he does or what he says does not concern me .他的行或言都与我无关。 ②N either you nor I am wrong . 你和我都没。 ③N ot you but your father is to blame . 不是你，而是你父受。 ④Not only you but(also) he is wrong . 不你了，他也了。 2. 在倒装句中：可与后面第一个主一致。 e.g. ①In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people .在，能听鼓掌声和人的呼喊声。 ②T here is (are) a pen and some books on the desk . 桌上有一支笔和几本。 II.非正式文体中： 有依“就近一致原”，但也可依“意一致原”或格地依“ 法一致原”。 e.g. Neither she nor I were there (意一致)我和他当都不在那儿。（非正式） Neither she nor I was there .（就近一致）（文同上句）（正式） 但是，如果依“就近一致原”而与其他两原相矛盾，常常是不太合符范的。e.g. No one except his own supporters agree with him .他自己的支持者同意他的意。（依“就近”和“意”一致的原；但法上，“ No one ”才是主，要改成“agrees ”。“写作中”一 般要依“ 法一致”原。 英语就近原则短语 1.There be 句型There is a book and some pencils on the desk. =There are some pencils and a book on the desk. 2.neither...nor...Neither you nor he is right. = Neither he nor you are right. 3.either...or...Either they or Jim is going to Shanghai next Saturday. = Either Jim or they are going to shanghai next Saturday. 4.not only...but also... Not only Ann but also her parents stay at home every Sunday.
主谓一致初中英语教案 【篇一：主谓一致公开课教案】 主谓一致授课教案 教师：柴学生：12高考电子时间：2015年 1 月 9 日第三课 【篇二：教案初三主谓一致】 初三英语主谓一致 段店中学徐小梅 【教学目标】（teaching aim.） 掌握主谓一致的原则。（grasp the consistent rules of subject and predicate .） 【教学难点】teaching difficult point 掌握主谓一致应注意的几个问题。(grasp a few problems of consistent the rules of subject and predicate) 【教学重点】（teaching important points ） 1．语法形式上的一致。(grammar consistent) 主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式：主语为复数形式，谓语动 词用复数形式。 2．意义上一致。(the meaning consistent) (1)主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。 单数形式表示复数意义的词有people, police, audience等。 3．就近原则 ( according to the rules of nearest word) 谓语动词的单、复数取决于最靠近它的主语，如there be句型或用 连词either...or...，neither...nor...,not only...but also等。 4．要注意的几个问题。( pay attention to a few problems) (1)class, family, team, country, school等集合名词作主语时，如 果指整体，用单数；如果指每个成员，用复数。 如：his family are watching tv in the sitting room. his family is very big. (2)trousers, shoes, glasses, socks, stockings, scissors单独作 主语时，谓语动词用复数，但当它们与a pair of或pairs of连用时，谓语动词与pair的数保持一致。 如：the pair of glasses fits you well. several pairs of new shoes have been sent to the old men.
高中英语主谓一致知识点讲解 本文主要讲解主谓一致，并列结构作主语时谓语用复数主谓一致中的靠近原则谓语动词与前面的主语一致 等常见考点。 主谓一致是指： 1）语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。 2）意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。 3）就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语， 一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。例如： There is much water in the thermos. 但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如： Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year. 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数，例如： Reading and writing are very important. 读写很重要。 注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。例如： The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 钢铁工业对我们的生活有重要意义。 典型例题 The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting. A. is B. was C. are D. were 答案B. 注：先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除A.，C。本题易误选D，因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人，但仔细辨别，monitor 前没有the，在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职务用and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人，所以应选B。
主谓一致教案教学设计 Step I Lead-in 1. (have) your classmates finished his homework? 2. My friend and I (want) to play outside after watching TV. 3. (have) all of the cake been eaten? Step II Subject-verb agreement I语法一致原则 1. Between the two buildings (stand) a monument. 2. What he said (is/ are) right 3. What she left me (is/are) a few books. 4. Seeing (is/are) believing 5. To see (is/are) to believe. 6. Somebody (is/ are) using the phone. 7. Each of the books (cost) five yuan. 8. The students each (have) a copy of Jay’s new album. 9. The Greens (is / are) very fond of working on the farm. 10. Many a student (have/ has) passed the exam. 11. More than one person (is/ are) here. II 意义一致原则 1. Three weeks (is/ are) allowed for making the necessary prepara
1、形式一致 主语是复数，谓语动词用复数形式 主语是单数，谓语动词用单数形式 2、语意一致 谓语动词用单数的清况 1）当名词词组中心词为表示金钱、时间、度量、距离、价格等复数名词时，把这些复数名词看作一个整体。谓语动词采用单数形式。 Twenty-five dollars is too much to pay for that shirt． Fifty minutes isn’t enough to finish this test． Ten miles seems like a long walk to me． 2 以“-s”结尾的书刊名、国名、组织名、游戏名、运动名，谓语动词用单数 以-ics结尾的名词指一门学科时，常用单数谓语动词形式。当这些名词表示实际内容时，谓语动词则用复数形式。 这类单词有：economics经济学electronics电子学 physics物理学politics政治学 mathematics数学statistics统计学 Roots was a novel about a slave family． His politics were a matter of great concern to his friend． Politics is his favorite subject． Statistics show that approximately 40 percent of all marriages in the US end in divorce． Statistics is a subject that is difficult to learn． 3) 有些表示某类别的总称的集合名词，如：machinery(机械)，clothing(衣服)，luggage(行李)，furniture(家具)，equipment(设备)，jewelry(珠宝)等作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。如：My luggage was sent by air． The equipment of our factory is all imported from Britain． 4) 不定式、现在分词和从句作主语，谓语动词通常用单数： Playing with fire is dangerous． 注意：若用and连接两个动名词、不定式短语或主语从句，表示两个不同的概念，则谓语动词用复数形式。若表示同一概念，则谓语动词用单数形式 Early to rise and early to bed is a good habit． When and where the building will be built hasn’t been decided． 主语从句要根据从句表达的意思而定 What she said is correct．What he gave me are five English books． 谓语动词用复数的情况 1）由and或both...and...连接两个单数名词作主语时，指的是复数概念，谓语动词用复数形式(不可数名词同样)。如： Fire and water do not agree． 注意如果and连接的两个词是指同一个人、同一事物或同一概念，则两个名词共用一个冠词，谓语动词必须用单数。
主谓一致 教学目的：让学生掌握主谓一致概念以及主谓一致的三个原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近原则，通过判断主谓一致该遵循哪 个原则，培养学生的分析判断能力。 教学重点：主谓一致的几个考点。 教学难点：1、遵循就近原则的几个固定句型结构 2、关于many a 与more than one的主谓一致问题 3、关于one of 的主谓一致问题 教学过程： 一、考情分析 主谓一致基本每年都会考，主要靠点集中在语法一致，意义一致和就近一致上面。还要注意（the）one of + 复数名词+ who/that/which 引导的定语从句的谓语的单复数。很多学因缺乏相应的语句结构基础知识，故在讲课前须让学生明白句间结构的组成和主谓一致的概念含义。 句子是按照一定的语法规律组成的，表达一个完整的意义。一个句子一般由两部分构成，即主语部分和谓语部分，这两部分也叫做句子的主要成分。句子的次要成分包括宾语，定语，状语，表语、同位语等。英语句子有长在短，有简有繁，从现象看，似乎千变万化，难以捉摸，但从实质看，可以发现其内在联系，找出其共同规律。英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。英语五种基本句型列式如下：
基本句型一：ＳＶ（主＋谓） 基本句型二：ＳＶＰ（主＋谓＋表） 基本句型三：ＳＶＯ（主＋谓＋宾） 基本句型四：ＳＶO Ｏ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾） 基本句型五：ＳＶＯＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）主语(subject) 是一个句子的主题( theme)，是句子所述说的主体、对象。它的位置一般在一句之首。可用作主语的有一个单词、短语、从句乃至句子。 谓语(predicate) 或谓语动词(predicate verb)是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，其位置一般在主语之后。谓语由简单动词或动词短语（助动词或情态动词＋主要动词）构成。 表语的功能是表述主语的特征、状态、身份等。它也可以说是一种主语补语。它位于联系动词之后，与之构成所谓的系表结构。在系表结构钟，联系动词只是形式上的谓语，二真正起谓语作用的则是表语。可以作表语的词有：名词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语、从句等。 宾语（object）在句中主要充当动作、行为、活动的对象、接受者或受影响者。因此一般皆置于及物动词之后。 定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。主要有形容词此外还有名词、代词、数词、介词短语、动词不定式（短语）、分词、定语从句或相当于形容词的词、短语或句子都可以作定语。
（英语）英语主谓一致解题技巧及练习题 一、主谓一致 1．—What’s in the picture on the wall? —There a teacher and some students playing soccer on the playground. A．has B．are C．is D．have 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意“-在墙上的照片里有什么？-一个老师和一些学生在操场上踢足球”。本题考查there be 的用法。there be不与have连用，排除A和D；there be中的be动词遵循“就近一致”原则，即与最近的a teacher保持一致，用单数is，故选C。 2．In our class _____ of the students _____ girls. A．third fifths; is B．third fifth; are C．three fifth; is D．three fifths; are 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：我们班五分之三的学生是女孩。 在英语中表示分数，分子要用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于一时，分母用复数形式。五分之三应该是three fifths;另外，分数+名词复数作主语的时候，后面的谓语动词应该用复数。所以选D。 3．（用在否定句中）也,而且;根本 If you don't go, I won't either. 你如不去,我也不去。 It won't do them any good, but it won't do them any harm either. 这对他们没有好处,但也没有坏处。 4．（两者之中）任何一个 I don't agree with either of you on these issues. 在这些问题上,你们两个我都不同意。 连接词 conj. 5．The rest of students in the classroom ______my classmates. A．is B．are C．be D．am 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：句意：教室内的其他学生是我的同学们。本句主语The rest of students为复数形式，故系动词用复数形式are，选B。 考点：主谓一致
高考英语主谓一致用法全汇总 一、主谓一致的概念 主谓一致是指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系。一般情况下，主谓之间的一致关系由以下三个原则支配： 语法一致原则、意义一致原则、就近原则。 “主谓一致”考查内容涉及名词单数或复数作主语、不可数名词作主语、不定式作主语、并列结构作主语、特殊名词作主语时与谓语动词的一致等。 二、名词作主语 01 某些集体名词，如family，team等作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式，如果就其中一个个成员而言，谓语动词用复数形式。 如： His family is a happy one.他的家庭是一个幸福的家庭。 The whole family are watching TV.全家人都在看电视。 这类名词有audience，class，club，company，crew，enemy，crowd，government，group，party，public，team等。名词population一词的使用情况类似。 “a group(crowd) of+复数名词”等短语之后的谓语动词也同样可用单数或复数，前者强调整体，后者强调各个部分。
02 某些集体名词，如people，police，cattle等，只当复数看待，谓语动词必须用复数。 The police are searching for the thief.警察正在搜捕那个贼。03 单、复数同形的名词作主语时，谓语动词应根据意义决定单、复数。 如： A sheep is over there.那边有只羊。 Some sheep are over there.那边有些羊。 04 名词所有格之后的名词被省略，这种情况一般只指商店、工厂、住宅等，作主语时，动词一般用单数。 如： The doctor’s is across the street.诊所在街道的对面。 My uncle’s is not far from here.我叔叔家离这儿不远。常见的省略名词有the baker’s，the barber’s，the carpenter’s，the Zhang’s等。 表示店铺的名词，一般作集体名词看待，但用作主语时，谓语动词往往用复数。 如：