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职称英语补全短文练习

职称英语补全短文练习
职称英语补全短文练习

The Mysteries of Nazca

In the desert of Peru, 300 kilometers from Lima, one of the most unusual artworks in the world has mystified (迷惑) people for decades. (46) But from high above, these marks are huge images of birds, fish, seashells, all beautifully carved into the earth.

The Nazca lines are so difficult to see from the ground that they weren’t discovered until the 1930s, when pilots spotted them while flying over the area. In all, there are about 70 different human and animal figures on the plain, along with 900 triangles, circles, and lines.

Researchers have figured out that the lines are at least 1,500 years old, but their purpose is still a mystery. (47) However, it would probably be very tricky to land a spaceship in the middle of pictures of dogs and monkeys.

In the 1940s, an American explorer named Paul Kosok suggested that the drawings are a chronicle (记录) of the movement of the stars and planets. (48) later, an astronomer tested his theory with a computer, but he couldn’t find any relation between the lines and movements in space.

Another explanation is that the lines may have been made for religious reasons. British researcher Tony Morrison investigated the customs of people in the Andes Mountain and learned that they sometimes pray by the side of the road. It’s possible that in the past, the lines of Nazca were created for a similar purpose. (49) But the local people have never constructed anything this big.

Recently, two other scientists, David Johnson and Steve Mabee, have speculated that lines could have been related to water. Nazca is one of the driest places in the world and receives only 2cm of rain every year. While Johnson was searching for ancient water sources in the area, he noticed that some waterways built ancient people were connected with the lines. Johnson believes that the Nazca lines are a giant map of the underground water in the area. (50)

A. Other scientists are now searching for evidence to prove this.

B. A Swiss writer named Erich Von Daniken wrote that the Nazca lines were designed as a landing place for UFOs.

C. Scholars differ in interpreting the purpose of the designs.

D. The largest pictures may have been the sites for special ceremonies.

E. Seen from the ground, it looks like lines scratched into the earth.

F. He called Nazca “the largest astronomy book in the world”.

答案:46 E 47 B 48 F 49 D 50 A

My Life at Renda

I learned very quickly that being a teaching assistant (TA) at the University of Iowa would be different from being a teacher at Renmin University.

(1) Eyes staring, mouths open, students examined my big nose, while I was writing my name on the blackboard.

At Iowa, when my first classes began, half of my students still hadn't arrived. When everyone finally found a seat, ringing cellphones and loud yawns (哈欠) interrupted my opening remarks. It is not that American students were disrespectful.

(2) They were, however, far more skeptical than the students I had at Renda. The truth is I couldn't fault them for their skepticism. Undergraduates at large US universities - especially freshmen and sophomores - often have several classes a semester handled by TAs. In some cases, the TA sets the course content.

(3) Most have good intentions, but very few are as effective as professors.

Every teacher has to confront obstacles to learning - no matter what the culture. Students who talk during lectures, students who cheat, students who question the grade they get for a paper or project - dealing with these is all part of the job.

(4)

The difference, I think, is that in the US I had to swallow more of my pride.

(5)

I had a responsibility to teach them, of course, but I had to do so indirectly -as a guide who himself had a few things to learn from the students.

A Back at Renda, I had walked into my first classes feeling like a celebrity

B In my students' minds, I had little to offer them, except perhaps some sample questions for the mid-term exam.

C In others, the TA works as a grader and discussion leader

D I encountered these in China, and I faced them in the US.

E On the other hand, being taught by a graduate student is not necessarily bad

F Most were polite, or at least, indifferent.

参考答案:F E B C A

What is a Profit

Gross profit is the difference between what a business firm sells its product for and what it costs to produce that product. The merchant buys $200,000 worth of merchandise during the year and sells it for $270,000. His gross profit is $70,000. The percentage difference between his cost and the selling price is 35 percent,and he calls this markup.

Entrepreneurship is directly responsible for production. The business person (entrepreneur) takes a cue from consumers in deciding what they want - or, in the case of a new product, __1__.

Profit means different things to different people. According to some public opinion polls, many people are not sure what it is, but they are sure __2__. Workers may look at profit as an unfairly large payment to the entrepreneur that deprives them of a higher wage. The business person thinks of profit __3__. During negotiations before the settlement of the second baseball strike in August, 1985,the Players‘ Association claimed the owners had made profits of $91 million, an accounting firm said owner profits were $43 million, and the owners insisted they had lost $9 million. The truth was that all three were correct. The disparity in the figures was due to the fact that each group was defining profit differently. Let us now see if we can develop a more exact definition of what profit is.

Net profit is __4__——rent,wages,and interest-and setting aside money to allow for the loss due to depreciation (wearing out) of capital. Our merchant has to subtract from his gross profit his payments for rent ($6,000), wages ($20,000),interest on money borrowed ($1,000), repairs and upkeep ($1,000), taxes ($1,000), electricity and other expenses $1,000. Expenses for operating the business come to $30,000. Gross profit is $70,000, and net profit is $40,000.

Economists have a narrower definition of what constitutes profit. They are concerned with payment for all the resources that have gone into production, __5__,like those listed above, or from inside the business.

Exercise:

A what profit really means

B it is too large and represents too much of the consumer‘s dollar

C whether they come from outside the business

D as the difference between total revenue and total cost

E what the business person has left after paying expenses

F what they might want

参考答案:DBECA

Most people know that cigarette smoking is harmful to their health.Scientific research shows that it causes many kinds of diseases.In fact,many people who smoke get lung cancel However, Edward Gilson has lung cancer, and he has never smoked cigarettes.He lives with his wife,Evelyn,who has smoked about a pack of cigarettes a day throughout their marriage. __________.(46)

No one knows for sure why Mr. Gilson has lung cancer.Nevertheless,doctors believe that secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke. from other people’s cigarettes.__________ (47)The US Environmental Protection Agency reports that about 53,000 people die in the United States each year as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke.

The smoke that comes from a lit cigarette contains many different poisonous chemicals.In the past.scientists did not也ink that these chemicals could harm a nonsmoker’s health. __________ (48)They discovered that even nonsmokers had unhealthy amounts of these toxic(有毒的)chemicals in their bodies.As a matter of fact,almost all of US breathe tobacco smoke at times,whether we realize it or not.For example,we cannot avoid secondhand smoke in restaurants,hotels and other public places.Even though many public places have nonsmoking areas,smoke flows in from the areas where smoking is permitted.It iS even harder for children to avoid secondhand smoke.__________ (49)Research shows that children who are exposed to secondhand smoke are sick more often than children who live in homes where no one smokes and that the children of smokers are more than twice as likely to develop lung cancer when they are adults as are children of nonsmokers.The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both parents smoke

People are becoming very aware of the dangers of secondhand smoke. __________

(50)

A Recently,though,scientists changed their opinion after they studied a large group of nonsmokers.

B The Gilsons have been married for 35 years.

C 111is smoke is called secondhand smoke.

D However, secondhand smoke is dangerous to all people,old or young.

E As a result,they have passed laws which prohibit people from smoking in many public places. .

F In the United States,nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.

答案解析

46 B 前一句主要讲的是,Gilson与妻子Evelyn生活在一起,而Evelyn自打他们结婚以来一直是差不多每天一包烟。接下来显然应选表示他们结婚年限的句子。

47 C 前一句提到,不吸烟者时常吸入他人香烟中冒出的烟,接下来应首选对此烟加以定义的句子。

48 A 前一句讲的是科学家们过去对二手烟的看法,接下来应选表示他们改变观点的句子,因为下一句表明他们所持的观点已与过去截然不同。

49 F 前一句提到了儿童与二手烟的问题。接下来的句子自然仍然与儿童有关。

50 E 前一句讲的是人们逐渐意识到二手烟的危害性,因此接下来应首选表示人们采取措施,禁止公共场所吸烟的句子

Price Planning

A price represents the value of a goods or service for both the seller and the buyer. Price planning is systematic decision making by an organization regarding all aspects of pricing.

The value of a goods or service can involve both tangible and intangible marketing factors. An example of a tangible marketing factor is the cost savings__1__. An example of an intangible marketing factor is a consumer‘s pride in the ownership of a Lamborghini rather than another brand of automobile. For an example to take place,both the buyer and seller must feel that the price of a goods or service provides an equitable value. To the buyer,the payment of a price reduces purchasing power __2__. To the seller,receipt of a price is a source of revenue and an important determinant of sales and profit levels.

Many words are substitutes for the term price: admission fee,membership fee,rate,tuition,service charge,donation,rent,salary,interest,retainer,and assessment. No matter what it is called,__3__:monetary and non-monetary charges,discounts,handling and shipping fees,credit charges and other forms of interest,and late-payment penalties.

A non-price exchange would be selling a new iron for 10 books of trading stamps or an airline offering tickets as payment for advertising space and time. Monetary and non-monetary exchange may be combined. This is common with automobiles,__4__. This combination allows a reduction in the monetary price.

From a broader perspective,price is the mechanism for allocating goods and services among potential purchasers and for ensuring competition among sellers in an open market economy. If there is an excess of demand over supply,prices are usually bid up by consumers. If there is an excess of supply over demand,__5__.

Exercise:

A a price contains all the terms of purchase

B obtained by the purchase of a new bottling machine by a soda manufacturer

C where the consumer gives the seller money plus a trade-in

D available for other items

E prices are usually reduced by sellers

F price means what one pays for what he wants

参考答案:BDACE

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