初中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习
英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气三类。
虚拟语气表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。
如果假设的情况可能发生，是真实条件句，这种情况下谓语用陈述语气。如：If time permits, we'll go fishing together.如果时间允许，我们就一起去钓鱼。
如果假设的情况是不存在的或不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。如：If you had come yesterday, you would have met that famous professor.如果你昨天来，你就会见到那位著名的教授了。（隐含的事实是：你昨天没来，也没见到那位著名教授）。
虚拟语气的基本形式和用法在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。
1. 含有条件状语从句的复合句
wish（would rather）+宾语从句
suggest（…）+宾语从句
2. 主语从句It is + adj./p.p/n.+ that+ S+ (should) +do
表语从句S+is that +s + (should) +do
同位语从句S+that +s +(should) +do
3. 定语从句It is (high) time that + S + did
用过去式表现在情况
1. 时态后退型用过去完成式表过去
两种形式用过去将来表将
来
2. should+动词原形型
内容详述
I. 含有条件状语从句的复合句(以do为例;S=主语)
时间条件状语从句主句
与现在事实相反的假
设If +S+did…S+would/should/could/might+do…
与过去事实相反的假
设If +S+had done…S+would/should/could/might+have done…
与将来事实相反的假设did…
If+S should do
were to do
S+would/should/could/might+do…
注意事项：
1．倒装句。如果条件句中含有功能词had，should，were时，可以省去If，把功能词提前，构成倒装句。
2．错综条件句。若条件句和主句动作不存在同一个时间，则谓语形式应根据具体情况而定。
3．If there weren't/had not been +…=without…
4．If it were not for…/ If it hadn't been for…= but for…
5．otherwise+虚拟语气的句子
6．虚拟语气的句子，but+ 陈述事实的句子
II. 虚拟语气用在宾语从句中
sb. did …(希望现在用过去式)
1. wish+that sb. had done…（希望过去用过去完成式）
sb. would/should do（希望将来用过去将来）
2. would rather后的从句要用虚拟语气。
时间从句
虚拟现在were, did (动词一般过去式)
虚拟过去had done
虚拟将来did (动词一般过去式)
例：I would rather I hadn’t said such unkind things to you. （虚拟过去）I'd rather you came here for the answer tomorrow morning. （虚拟将来）I’d rather you posted the letter right away. (虚拟现在)
3. suggest+（that）S+should+do…
表示愿望、建议、请求等主观意向的动词之后的宾语从句，谓语用should ＋动词原形，should常常省略。
这类词有：decide，demand，desire，insist，order，propose，suggest，recommend，requested，require等。
注意：
1. suggest 当“建议”讲时，其宾语从句用虚拟语气；当“暗示、表明”时，用陈述语气
2. insist 当坚持“看法或建议”时，宾语从句用虚拟语气；当坚持“某个事实”时，用陈述语气。
判断改错：（错）Your pale face suggests that you（should）be ill. （对）Your pale face suggests that you are ill.
（错）I insisted that you（should）be wrong.
（对）I insisted that you were wrong.
III. 虚拟语气用在主语从It is demanded / necessary / a pity + that…等结构的主语从句，谓语动词用should 加动词原形，should 可省略。
It is 可用的词有三类that （should）do
suggested, ordered, required, proposed, demanded, requested, insisted 等
important, necessary, natural, imperative, strange等
a pity, a shame, no wonder等
IV．虚拟语气用在同位语从句中。
某些表示建议、请求、命令等主观意向的名词后同位语从句需用虚拟语气，其表达形式为(should) ＋动词原形。
这类名词常见的有：advice，suggestion，proposal（提议），order，demand，desire，request，requirement，recommendation（推荐），plan，resolution（决议），idea等。
eg. We are all for your proposal that the discussion ( should )be put off
．
V．虚拟语气用在表语从句中。
某些表示建议、请求、命令等主观意向的名词作主语时，表语从句需用虚拟语气，其表达形式为(should) ＋动词原形。
这类名词常见的有：advice，suggestion，proposal，order，demand，desire，request，requirement，recommendation以及plan，idea，resolution等。
eg. My suggestion is that the mayor (should)present the prizes.
VI．虚拟语气用在定语从句中
It is（about ／high）time ＋that sb.did sth/should do sth..
eg. Don't you think it's about time we went home？
注：在this is the first time ／second time that．．．句型中，从句中谓语动词用陈述语气完成时态。
eg.Is this the first time that you have visited Hongkong？
VII. 虚拟语气用在让步、方式、目的状语从句中
1．在带有even if/ even though引导的让步状语从句的主从复合句中，主句和从句都用虚拟语气，动词形式与含有非真实条件句的虚拟语气相同。
如: Even if he had been ill, he would have gone to his office. 即使生了病，他俩去办公室。
2．由as if或as though引导的状语从句表示比较或方式时。从句谓语形式为动词的过去式(be用were)或“had十过去分词”。
如: He treated me as if I were a stranger. 他那样对待我，好像我是陌生人似的。She talked about the film as if she had really seen it. 她谈论那部影片，就好像她确实看过一样。
3．虚拟语气用在lest（唯恐、免得），for fear that及in case引导的目的状语从句中。在由lest等引导的目的状语从句中需用虚拟语气，表示“以防，以免”等意思，其谓语动词多由should ＋动词原形构成，should也可省略。
eg. He was punished lest he should make the same mistake again．VIII．虚拟语气用情感语言中
1．虚拟语气在表示客气、遗憾以及祝愿等场合中，使用虚拟语气。
eg.You shouldn't have been following him so closely；
you should have kept your distance．
2．If only sb./sth. +时态后退型的谓语
eg. If only I had known the result of the examination.
IX.虚拟语气的特殊用法：
1. 省掉if的条件从句结构：
Had you asked me, I would have told you.
(=If you had asked me,…)
2.有时虚拟条件不用条件从句而用不定式、分词、介词、名词、连接词或定语从句来表示，如：
A true friend would not do such a thing.
(=If he were a true friend, he would...)
3. 有时条件从句中的动作和结果从句中的动作发生的时间不一致，如：
If he had followed the doctor’s advice, he would be quite all right now.
If I were you, I would have gone home.
虚拟语气练习题：
1. If you were old enough, I ________ you to go there yesterday.
A. will allow
B. should allow
C. would have allowed
D. h ad allowed
2. The secretary suggested that they ________ the men in at once.
A. had brought
B. should have brought
C. brought
D. bring
3. __________I you, I would go with him to the party.
A. Was
B. Had been
C. Will be
D. Were
4. It is strange that such a thing _________ in your class.
A. will happen
B. happens
C. should happen
D. happen ed
5. How I wish I ________ to repair the watch! I only made it worse.
A. had tried
B. hadn't tried
C. have tried
D. didn't try
6. If he _______ to the teacher attentively, he _______ the answer to the problem now. A. had listened, would have known B. listened, wou ld know
C. listened, would have known
D. had listened, would know
7. I was busy yesterday, otherwise I _______ your birthday party.
A. attended
B. had attended
C. would attend
D. w ould have attended
8. If only I _________ how to operate an electronic computer as you do.
A. had known
B. would know
C. should know
D. knew
9. The two strangers talks as if they _______ friends for years.
A. were
B. would be
C. have been
D. had been
10. It is high time we _______ up our results.
A. sum
B. summed
C. will sum
D. would s um
11 The librarian insists that John _______ no more books from the library before he returns all the books he had borrowed.
A. will take
B. took
C. take
D. takes
12. But for the guidance of our instructor(导
师) , we _______ in the experiment.
A. shouldn’t succeed
B. could not have succeeded
C. will not succeed
D. should not have succeeded
13. It’
s about time people______ notice of what women did during the war.
A. take
B. took
C. have taken
D. will take
14. She couldn't have answered the question if she ________ a few books on world
history.
A. hadn’t read
B. hasn’t read
C. wouldn’
t read D. didn’t read
15. Isn’
t it about time that you ________ to pick up the visitors from New York?
A. had gone
B. should go
C. go
D. will go
16. The young man insisted that he ________ nothing wrong and ______ f ree immediately.
A. did; set
B. had done; should be set
C. do; be set
D. had done ; must be set
17. Your advice that______ till next week is reasonable.
A. she waits
B. she wait
C. wait she
D. she waited
18. It was essential that we_________ lease（条约、合同）before the end of the month.
A. sign
B. signed
C. had signed
D. were signi ng
19. I wish that I ______ with you last night.
A. went
B. have gone
C. could go
D. could have gone
20. He speaks Chinese so fluently as if he ______a Chinese.
A. were
B. had been
C. is
D. has been
21. Looking round the town, he felt as though he away for ages.
A. has been
B. was
C. is
D. had been
22. It is important that the TOEFL ___________office your registration.
A. will confirm
B. confirm
C. confirms
D. m ust confirm
23. If I had seen the movie, I ___________you all about it now.
A. would tell
B. will tell
C. have told
D. w ould have told
24. I had hoped that John ______a year in Africa, but he stayed there on ly for three months.
A. spends
B. spent
C. would spend
D. will spend
25. I’d rather you anything about it for the time being.
A. do
B. didn’t do
C. don’t
D. didn’t
26. Everybody has arrived. It’s time we the class.
A. shall start
B. would start
C. had started
D. shoul
d start
27. the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunda y
A. In spite of
B. But for
C. Because of
D. As for
28.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water，it looks as if it ________.
A. breaks
B. has broken
C. were broken
D. had been broken
29. She couldn’
t have answered the question if she ______ a few books on
world history.
A. hadn’t read
B. hasn’t read
C. wouldn’
t read D. didn’t read
30. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west, so it seems as if the su n ________round the earth.
A. were circling
B. circles
C. is circling
D. be ci rcling
31.______ the fog, we should have reached our destination.
A. Because of
B. In spite of
C. In case of
D. But for
32. But for the guidance of our instructor(导
师) , we _ __ in the experiment.
A. shouldn’t succeed
B. could not have succeed
C. will not succeed
D. should not have succeeded
33. The Law requires that everyone _______ his car checked at least once
a year.
A. has
B. had C will have D. have
34. I recommended that the student _______ his composition as soon as possible.
A. finishing writing
B. should finish the writing
C. finish writing
D. finished writing
35. I would have called you up for help had it been possible, but I ____ ___ your phone number then.
A. hadn’t had
B. didn’t have
C. shouldn’
t have D. couldn’t have
36.Without electricity human life _________ quite different today.
A. is
B. will be
C. would have been
D. would be
37.I wish I___________ you yesterday.
A. seen
B. did see
C. had seen
D. were to see
38.Had you listened to the doctor, you_________ all right now.
A. are
B. were
C. would be
D. would have been
39._________ today, he would get there by Friday.
A. Would he leave
B. Was he leaving
C. Were he to leave
D. If he leave
40.He is talking so much about America as if he__________ there
A. had been
B. has been
C. was
D. been
41.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water. It looks as if it___________.
A. breaks
B. had broken
C. were broken
D. had been broken
42.He treated me as though_________ his own son.
A. I am
B. I would be
C. I was
D. I were
43.If only I_________ a car of my own.
A. have
B. had
C. would love
D. should have
44.Look at the trouble I’m in ! If only I_________ your advice.(2003上海)
A. followed
B. would follow
C. had followed
D. should follow
45.If only he _______ quietly as the doctor instructed.
A. lies
B. lay
C. had lain
D. should lie
II. Translation
1. 我不知道他的电话号码，否则我就打电话给他了。
2. 他本可以给你更多的帮助，即使他很忙。
3.---如果可能的话你会不会打电话给他？
---会的，不过我当时在忙着做家庭作业呢。
4．如果你昨晚没有看电影到那么晚的话，你现在就不会这5. 没有电，今天人类的生活就完全不同了。
I. 1-5 CDDCB 6-10 ADDDB 11-15 CBBAA 16-20 BBADA 21-25 DBACB 26-30 BBCAA 31-35 DBDCB 36-40 DCCCA 41-4 5 CDBCC
II.
1．I didn't know his telephone number, otherwise I would have telephone d him.
2．He might have given you more help, even though he was very busy. 3．---- Would you have called her up had it been possible?
---- Yes, but I were busy doing my homework.
4．If you hadn’t seen that film late last night, you wouldn't be so sleepy. 5．Without electricity, human life would be quite different today.
虚拟语气 一．虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中 以下表格是虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中时，主句和从句谓语动词的形式： 条件状语从句主句 与现在事实相反一般过去时(be用were) should /would/could/might +动词原形与过去事实相反had + 过去分词would/should/could/might +have done 与将来事实相反一般过去时(be用were) should + 动词原形 were to + 动词原形 would/should/cold/might + 动词原形 1.表示与现在事实相反的假设和结果 如：If I were a boy, I would join the army. If she had time, she should go with you. 2.表示与过去的事实相反的假设和结果 如：If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the competition. 3.表示与将来事实相反的假设和结果 如: If it were to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off. 4.当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时（表示错综 时间的虚拟语气），动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作相应调整。如： If I were you, I would not have missed the film last night. If you had listened to the doctor, you would be all right now.(从句---用过去,主句---用现在) 5. 虚拟条件句可以转换成下列形式: (1)用介词代替条件状语从句, 常见的介词有with , without, but for(若/要不是) 有时假设的情况并不用条件从句表示出来，而是通过介词短语来表示。 如: Without air (If there were not air), there would be no living things. But for your help (If it hadn’t been for your help) I couldn’t have do ne it. What would you do with a million dollars (if you had a million dollars?) (2) 假设的情况有时可以通过上下文或其他方式表现出来。 如: I was busy that day.Otherwise I would have gone there with them. (If I hadn’t been busy that day, I would have gone there with them.) I would have finished the work, but I was ill. (If I hadn’t been ill, I would have finished the work.) 我本来该完成这项工作的，但我生病了。 6. If虚拟条件句的倒装 省略连词if。在书面语中，如果虚拟条件从句中有were，had 或should，可 把if省略，把这几个词放到主语之前，构成主谓倒装。 如: Should he come (If he should come), tell him to ring me up. Were I you (If I were you), I would not do it. Had he taken my advice(If he had taken…), he would have succeeded. 二．虚拟语气用于名词性从句①“wish + 宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望，译为“要是……就好了”等。表示 现在不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时；表示将来不能实现的愿望， 从句中的谓语动词用“would/could + 动词原形”；表示过去不能实现的愿望，从句中 的谓语动词用“had +过去分词”或“could(should) + have + 过去分词”。如： I wish it were spring all the year round. I wish I had known the answer. I wish I could fly like a bird. ②在表示建议、要求、命令等的动词insist、command、order、suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、request、等后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用should + 动词原形或是动词原形。如:She suggested we (should)leave here at once. The doctor ordered she (should) be operated. 2.虚拟语气在同位语从句和表语从句中的运用。 作表示建议、要求、命令等的名词advise、idea、order、demand、plan、proposal、suggestion、request等的表语从句和同位语从句，从句中的谓语动词用“（should） + 动词原形”。如：His suggestion that we (should)go to Shanghai is wonderful. My idea is that they (should)pay 100 dollars. 3.虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用。 在主语从句中，谓语动词的虚拟语气用“should + 动词原形”的结构，表示惊奇、 不相信、理应如此等。如： It is necessary(important, natural, strange, etc.)that we should clean the room every day. It was a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.)that you should be so careless. It will be desired(suggested, decided, ordered, requested, proposed, etc.)that she should finish her homework this afternoon. 注意：这种从句表示的是事实。如果说人对这种事实表现出惊奇的情感，就可用虚拟语气。反之，如果不表示惊奇等情感，that从句也可用陈述句语气。如：It is pity that you can’t swim. 三．虚拟语气在其它场合的运用 1.虚拟语气在as if/as though、even if/even though等引导的表语从句或状语从句中，如果从句表示的动作发生在过去，用过去完成时；指现在状况，则用一般过去时；指将来状况则用过去将来时。如：He did it as if he were an expert. Even if she were here, she could not solve the problem. 2. 虚拟语气用于定语从句中。 这种从句常用于句型“It is (high)time (that) … ”中，定语从句的谓语动词用一般过去时(be用were)或should + 动词原形，意思是“(现在)该……”。如：It’s time that I picked up my daughter.It’s high time we should go / went to school. 3. 虚拟语气用在if only引导的感叹句中。如： If only I were a bird. If only I had taken his advice. 4. 在一些习惯表达中如：would rather+从句，是一个常用的虚拟语气句型。从句 的谓语一般用过去时来表示现在或将来。在谈到过去的动作时，谓语则用过去完成时。其意为“宁愿……,还是……好些”“一个人宁愿另一个人做某事”。 如：I’d rather you left right away.
虚拟语气 第一节语气 英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气：陈述语气（Indicative Mood），祈使语气(Imperative Mood)和虚拟语气（Subjunctive Mood）。不同的语气用动词的不同形式（有的还借助句法形式）来表示。 第二节虚拟语气的概念 虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中或让步状语从句中)；一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等 (在宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)。 第三节虚拟语气在条件句中 １．当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为：错综时间条件句“，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整． If you had followed my advice , you would be better now. 如果你听我的建议，你现在就会痊愈了． ２．在条件句中，可省略 if，把were ,had, should 提到句首，变为倒装句式． If you had come earlier, you would have met him. Had you come earlier, you would have met him.
第四节虚拟语气在名词从句中的运用 一、虚拟语气在主语从句中 A.在句型“It is important (necessary, strange, natural) that .... ”中，表示某事 重要、奇怪、自然、必要等；that 后面的从句中的谓语动词用： should + 动词原形（should 可以省略）例如： It’s important that we should take good care of the patient. 重要的是我们要照顾好病人。 这类的形容词还有advisable（可取的），appropriate（适当的），compulsary（必须的），crucial （关键的），desirable（理想的），essential（必要的），imperative（迫切的），important(重要的)，possible（可能的），preferable（更好的），probable（可能的），strange（奇怪的），urgent（急迫的），vital（极为重要的）等。 B. 在It is demanded/suggested/ordered/required/recommended/requested/required/. that-clause句型中从句用(should )+动词原型，表示愿望，建议，请求等主观意愿等。 It is demanded that we should work out a plan. C. 在It is a pity/a shame/ no wonderproposal/recommendation/suggestion/surprise/advice that…..句型中从句也常用(should )+动词原型,表示建议，命令，请求，道歉，怀疑，惊奇等。 It’s a pity that you (should) miss a good chance. 二、用于宾语从句 用于表示命令、建议、要求等一类词后面的宾语从句。 insist, suggest, order, command, advise, propose, require, request, demand, desire etc. 注意：suggest 当表示“暗示、表明“讲时，insist 表示”坚持认为“之意时，应用陈述语气。 The teacher suggested that we should clean the blackboard after class. 老师建议我们课后把黑板擦了。 The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with our work. 他脸上的表情表明他对我们的工作很满意． He insisted that all of us be there on time by any means. 他坚持要求我们大家想尽办法按时去那里。 The man insisted that he had never stolen the money. 那个人坚持说他没有偷钱． 三、用于表语从句和同位语从句 在suggestion / proposal / order / plan / advice / idea / request /desire/ recommendation/resolution 等名词后的表语和同位语从句中要用“should＋动词原形” should可以省略． My advice is that you should practice speaking English as often as possible. 我的建议是你要尽可能经常地练习说英语。 The suggestion that the mayor should present the prizes was accepted by everyone. 每个人都接受由市长颁发奖金这一建议。 第五节虚拟语气在其他从句中 1. It is (high / about ) time that…从句中的谓语动词用过去式或should＋动词原形，should 不能省略．
最新初中英语虚拟语气练习题 一、初中英语虚拟语气 1． If I ＿＿you . I＿＿study harder. A．am , will B．was, would C．were, would D．were, will 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：句意：如果我是你，我会更努力学习。这个句子要用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反。所以用过去式were, would,故选C。 考点：考查虚拟语气。 2．You should_______ watched TV. There is so much work to do, A．not have B．have not C．not D．not having 【答案】A 【解析】 句意“你本不应该看足球比赛，你有许多的工作要做”。本题考查虚拟语气，shouldn't have done本不该做……却做了。根据句意，故选A。 3．--What would you do if you ____ a million dollars? --I’d give it to the charity A．win B．won C．will win D．is to win 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：句意：如果你赢了一百万美元，你要做什么？——我会把它捐给慈善机构。结合语境可知条件从句中描述的是与将来相反的事实，故用一般过去时态，选B。 考点：if引导的条件状语从句 点评：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。 1、与现在事实相反 若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形” 2、与过去事实相反 若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时（had+过去分词），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+have+过去分词” 3、与将来事实相反 若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形”：
高中英语虚拟语气详细讲解 虚拟语气 什么是虚拟语气？是的，我们要学习虚拟语气就必须先弄明白它的概念。 虚拟语气包含两种：一种指与事实相反或不可能发生。“虚拟条件句+虚拟主句”的结构都属于这一类；even if、even though、as if、as though引导的状语中如果需要用到虚拟语气也属于这一类；wish、would rather后面接的宾语从句表示不可能实现的愿望，还是属于这一类。 另一种指与事实实际是否发生没有直接关系。如和suggest、order、demand等表示建议、命令、要求等相关的名词性从句都属于这一类。 大家知道以上两类虚拟语气后，我们就从从句的角度来系统学习虚拟语气。紧跟小简老师的步伐哦！ 一. 虚拟条件句中的虚拟语气 1、表示与现在事实相反的情况 从句：If+主语+did(be动词用were) 主句：主语+ should/would/might/could+do
If I were you,I would take an umbrella. 如果我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你） If I knew his telephone number,I would tell you. 如果我知道他的，我就会告诉你。（事实：不知道） If there were no air or water,there would be no living things on the earth. 如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。(事实：地球上既有空气也有水) 2、表示与过去事实相反的情况 从句：If+主语+had+done 主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have done If I had got there earlier,I should/would have met her. 如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。（事实：去晚了） If he had taken my advice,he would not have made such a mistake. 如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了。（事实：没有听我的话） 3、表示与将来事实相反的情况
虚拟语气练习题 1. I enjoyed the movie very much. I wish I _____ the book from which it was made. A. have read B. had read C. should have read D. are reading 2. You are late. If you _____ a few minutes earlier, you _____ him. A. come; would meet B. had come; would have met C. come; will meet D. had come; would meet 3. The two students talked as if they _____ friends for years. A. should be B. would be C. have been D. had been 4. It is important that I _____ with Mr. Williams immediately. A. speak B. spoke C. will speak D. to speak 5. He looked as if he _____ ill for a long time. A. was B. were C. has been D. had been
6. If the doctor had come earlier, the poor child would not _____. A. have laid there for two hours B. have been lied there for two hours C. have lied there for two hours D. have lain there for two hours 7. I wish that I _____ with you last night. A. went B. could go C. have gone D. could have gone 8. Let’s say you could go there again, how _____ feel? A. will you B. should you C. would you D. do you 9. I can’t stand him. He always talks as though he _____ everything. A. knew B. knows C. has known D. had known 10. _____ the fog, we should have reached our school. A. Because of B. In spite of C. In case of D. But for 11. If you had told me in advance, I _____ him at the airport.
虚拟语气专练 1.I enjoyed the movie very much. I wish I _____ the book from which it was made. A. have read B. had read C. should have read D. are reading 2.You are late. If you _____ a few minutes earlier you _____ him. https://www.doczj.com/doc/747948751.html,e would meet B. had come would have met C. come will meet D. had come would meet 3.The two students talked as if they _____ friends for years. A. should be B. would be C. have been D. had been 4.It is important that I _____ with Mr. Williams immediately. A. speak B. spoke C. will speak D. to speak 5.He looked as if he _____ ill for a long time. A. was B. were C. has been D. had been 6.If the doctor had come earlier the poor child would not _____. A. have laid there for two hours B. have been lied there for two hours C. have lied there for two hours D. have lain there for two hours 7.I wish that I _____ with you last night. A. went B. could go C. have gone D. could have gone 8.Let’s say you could go there again how _____ feel A. will you B. should you C. would you D. do you 9.I can’t stand him. He always talks as though he _____ everything. A. knew B. knows C. has known D. had known 10._____ the fog we should have reached our school. A. Because of B. In spite of C. In case of D. But for 11.If you had told me in advance I _____ him at the airport. A. would meet B. would had met C. would have met D. would have meet 12.Mike can take his car apart and put it back together again. I certainly wish he_____ me how. A. teaches B. will teach C. has taught D. would teach 13.I would have told him the answer had it been possible but I _____ so busy then. A. had been B. were C. was D. would be 14.He’s working hard for fear that he _____. A. should fall behind B. fell behind C. may fall behind D. would fallen behind 15.If it _____ another ten minutes the game would have been called off. A. had rained B. would have rained C. have seen D. rained 16.He suggested that they _____ use a trick instead of fighting.
（英语）初中英语虚拟语气练习题及解析 一、初中英语虚拟语气 1． If I ＿＿you . I＿＿study harder. A．am , will B．was, would C．were, would D．were, will 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：句意：如果我是你，我会更努力学习。这个句子要用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反。所以用过去式were, would,故选C。 考点：考查虚拟语气。 2．I don’t understand how you got a ticket. I always you a careful driver. A．think; are B．am thinking; are C．thought; were D．think; were 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：我不明白你是怎么得到罚单的。我一直以为你是一个谨慎的司机。考查动词时态辨析题。本句是虚拟语气，与过去事实相反，需用一般过去时；根据句意结构，可知选C。 3． If I ____Alice, I _____them the truth. A. was , would tell B. were ,would tell C. am, will tell D．is , will tell 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：本题的含义是如果我是你，我将告诉他们真相，本题if引导的是一个虚拟的条件句，在虚拟句中，be用were，主句通常用过去的一种，will应该用would，故本题选B。 考点：if引导的虚拟条件句。 点评：在英文中条件句有两种，一种是真实的条件句，if后遇到将来时用一般现在时，一种是虚拟的条件句，if后用过去时，be用were，在英文的实际使用中应该注意它们的区别。 4．If I you, I the army. A．am, would join B．were, would join C．am, will join D．were, will join 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：句意:如果我是你,我会参军.结合语境可知本句是对客观状况的虚拟,故用过去时态,主句用过去将来时态.选B.
虚拟语气详解 虚拟语气表示说话人的主观愿望（往往与客观事实相反），或是表示假象和猜测。虚拟语气无论从形式上还是时态上都比较复杂，需要归类记忆。 虚拟语气大体分为三类：(1) be型虚拟(2) were型虚拟(3) if 条件句及主句虚拟下面会详细说每种虚拟形式的特征和规律，考试时先判断属于哪种虚拟类型，剩下的皆是套路~ （1）be型虚拟（基本是套路） 形式：should + 动词原形，should可以省略 用法：1）表示“命令、建议、要求”等意义词语之后的宾语从句用be型虚拟，常见的词如下: demand, desire, insist, order, ask, command, propose, recommend, suggest, prefer, require, request等 最常见的形式是这类动词后面接着一个宾语从句，则宾语从句的谓语部分要用（should）+ 动词原形来虚拟 例: We demand that the meeting（should）be postponed. The manager suggested that we (should) work together. 注意：有时候你所见到不一定是上述动词引导的宾语从句，而是由上述词变体后所引导主语从句(it做形式主语，如：it is advised/ suggested/ requested/ ordered/ proposed that…)、表语从句或同位语从句 例如：It is required that the students (should) learn a foreign language. (主语从句) The requirement is that all the equipment in the meeting room (should) be checked twice before. (表语从句) We didn’t stand for his proposal that the meeting (should)be postponed. (同位语从句) 只要看到句中有上述动词或其变体，不管词性怎么变、句型怎么变，都用be型虚拟！ 特例：suggest和insist这两个比较特殊，当suggest作“暗示、表明、说明”讲，insist 作“坚持说”讲，后面一般跟的是客观事实，不需要虚拟~这是一个比较重要的考点，体会下面两组句子： We all suggest that a lab (should) be built. 我们都建议建一个实验室。 Her expression suggests that she is angry. 她的表情说明她生气了。 She insisted that we should find the source of the river. 她坚持主张我们应该找到河的源头。 She insisted that she had done nothing wrong. 她坚持说自己没做错事。 suggest 的区别很明显，但insist有点难辨别，一般来说如果insist后面跟的是某种主张，或是坚持要做一件事，那么用虚拟。 2）表示主观看法，常表示“某事是必要的、重要的。。。怎么怎么样的”，尤其是在“ it is +名词/形容词+ that从句”结构中，常见的形容词包括：advisable, desirable, essential, imperative, important, necessary, obligatory, proper, dispensable, impossible, natural, surprising等 例如：It is advisable that you (should) leave now. It is necessary that teenagers (should) take part in outside activities. It is of great importance that smoking (should) be banned in public area.
虚拟语气讲解 语气(mood) 是一种动词形式，用以表示说话者的意图或态度。 英语中的语气有三种：陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。 直陈语气(indicative mood),表示所说的话是事实。 祈使语气(imperative mood),表示所说的话是请求或命令。 虚拟语气(subjunctive mood),表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望、建议或与事实相反的假设等。 一. 虚拟语气在条件句中的应用 学习虚拟语气在条件句中的用法之前我们必须清楚条件句的种类：条件句有真实条件句与非真实条件句(或称虚拟条件句)两种。真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句都用陈述语气。 如：If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I will go for a picnic. 假若明天不下雨，我就去野餐。 Oil floats if you pour it on water. 你如把油倒在水里，油就浮起来。 虚拟条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句皆须用虚拟语气。 1. 与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句，条件从句的谓语用动词的过去式(be的过去式用were), 主句的谓语用should （would, might，could）+动词原形。 如：If it were not raining, we should go for a picnic.如果现在不下雨的话，我们就出去野餐了。 （事实是：天在下雨，我们不能出去野餐。表示愿望。） If he came here, he might be able to help you. 如果他来这，他就能够帮助你了。 （事实是：他没来这，他不可能帮助你。表示对他的良好印象。）
初中英语虚拟语气技巧(很有用)及练习题 一、初中英语虚拟语气 1． If I ＿＿you . I＿＿study harder. A．am , will B．was, would C．were, would D．were, will 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：句意：如果我是你，我会更努力学习。这个句子要用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反。所以用过去式were, would,故选C。 考点：考查虚拟语气。 2．If I not so busy ,I with you . A．was , would go B．were , would go C．was , should go D．were , will go 【答案】B 【解析】句意“如果我不忙，我就跟你去”。本题考查对将来的虚拟语气。即“if+过去时，主语+should/would/could/might do”结构。故选B。 点睛： 3．--------- Come and join us, Jim! ---------- I’m sorry I can’t . If I _______ time, I would certainly go. A．will have B．have had C．had D．had had 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。 （1）、与现在事实相反
英语虚拟语气解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)及解析 一、初中英语虚拟语气 1．I’ m so busy. If I time, I travel around. A．have; would B．have; could C．had; would D．had; will 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。其主要有三种结构： 1、与现在事实相反 若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形” 2、与过去事实相反 若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时（had+过去分词），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+have+过去分词” 3、与将来事实相反 若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形”。 句意：我是那么忙。如果我有时间我会周游世界。与现在事实相反故选C。 考点：考查虚拟语气。 2．If I _______ you, I would say another student could do it better. A．was B．were C．were D．are 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意：如果我是你，我会说另一个学生可以把它做得更好。 考查虚拟语气。根据句意可知“现在事实”相反，此句是虚拟语气，be动词使用were；故选A。 3． If I ____Alice, I _____them the truth. A. was , would tell B. were ,would tell C. am, will tell D．is , will tell 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：本题的含义是如果我是你，我将告诉他们真相，本题if引导的是一个虚拟的条件句，在虚拟句中，be用were，主句通常用过去的一种，will应该用would，故本题选B。 考点：if引导的虚拟条件句。 点评：在英文中条件句有两种，一种是真实的条件句，if后遇到将来时用一般现在时，一
虚拟语气 一、虚拟语气的作用：1、表示与事实相反的或难以实现的情况2、表示主观愿望或某种强烈情感。 虚拟语气的用法：用在简单句、主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和状语从句中。 二、虚拟语气用在简单句中,表示祝愿,命令. May you be happy. May you have a good time. May the friendship between us last long. Have a good journey! 三、虚拟语气用在主语从句中的用法 (1) 表情绪观点的形容词或名词也要用虚拟语气.necessary. important. impossible. natural. strange. surprising. funny. right. wrong. better. a pity等。 It is.....that 结构后的主语从句中的谓语动词都要用 should+原型或只用动词原型。It's natural that he should feel hurt. (2) It is time (about time / high time) that... + (过去时或should + 动词原形)...。 It is high time I went home now. = It is high time I should go home. (3) It be + 过去分词＋that... (should)。该结构中的过去分词是表示“建议、请求、命令”等词的过去分词： desired, suggested, advised, demanded, requested, ordered, proposed, insisted等。与以上词语有关的主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句都需要用虚拟语气。 It is desired that the building of the house be completed next month. 四、虚拟语气用在宾语从句中的用法 1、在wish后的用法 a、表示与现在事实相反的愿望，谓语动词用过去式 I wish I had your brains.我希望我有你那样的头脑。 b、表示与过去事实相反的愿望，谓语动词：had+done(动词过去分词） I wish I had known the truth of the matter. c、表示将来难以实现的愿望：谓语动词：should/would + 动词原形I wish I should have a chance again. 2、虚拟语气用在希望、要求、建议和命令后的用法 一想要(desire)二宁愿(prefer)三命令(order. command)四建议(advise. suggest. propose)五要求(demand. require. request. desire.insist)中，无论主句谓语动词为何种时态，从句的谓语动词都用：“should + 动词原形”或只用“动词原形” He suggested that we (should) take his advice. The police insisted that we (should) hand in the money. 注：（1）insist如果翻译成坚持某种动作才用虚拟语气，如果翻译成坚持某种观点就不用虚拟语气。 He insist he is a student. He insisted that he didn’t steal the knife. （2） suggest意为“建议”才用虚拟语气，意为“暗示、说明”则不用虚拟语气。 His face suggests that he is worried . What he said suggested that he was not the thief. 五、虚拟语气在表语从句、同位语从句中的用法 在suggestion, proposal, order, plan, idea, advice, decision等需要具体内容解释的名词后要使用虚拟语气，其谓语动词为：should + 动词原形，连接从句的that不能省略。 My suggestion is that we should go there at once. My suggestion that he should go there at once is reasonable. The order was that all the work be finished in two days. The order came that all the work be finished in two days. 六、虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法 1、表示与现在事实相反的情况： if+主语+did/be(were)+其他，主语+should/would/could/might+do+其他（1）If I were you, I would take an umbrella. （2）If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you. （3）If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth. （4）If I had any money with me, I could lend you some. （5）If he studied harder, he might pass the exam. 2、表示与过去事实相反的情况： if+主语+had done +其他，主语+should/would/could/might+have done+其他（1） If I had got there earlier, I should/could have met her.