《淝水之战》片段翻译及练习
阅读下面一段文言文，完成1-6题
秦王坚与阳平公融登寿阳城望之，见晋兵部将严整，又望八公山上草木、皆以为晋兵，顾谓融曰：“此亦劲敌，何谓弱也！”怃然始有惧色。秦兵逼淝水而阵，晋兵不得渡。谢玄遣使谓阳平公融曰：“君悬军深入，而置阵逼水，此乃持久之计，非欲速战者也。若移阵少知，使晋兵得渡，以决胜负，不亦善乎！”秦诸将皆曰：“我众彼寡，不如遏之，使不得上，可以万全。”坚曰：“但引兵少却，使之半渡，我以铁骑蹙而杀之，蔑不胜矣。”融亦以为然，遂麾兵使却，秦兵遂退，不可复止。谢玄、谢琰、桓伊等引兵渡水击之。融驰骑略阵，欲以帅退者，马倒，为晋兵所杀，秦兵遂溃。玄等乘胜追击，至于青冈，秦兵大败，自相蹈藉而死者，蔽野塞川。其走者闻风声鹤唳，皆以为晋兵且至，昼夜不敢息，草行露宿，重以饥冻，死者十七八。
秦王符坚与阳平公符融等上寿阳城眺望他们，发现晋兵布阵严整，又望见八公山上草木，都以为是晋兵，回头看符融说：“这也是强敌，怎么说弱小呢？”惆怅失意开始有恐惧的神色。前秦军队紧靠肥水（也作“淝水”）而摆开阵势，晋军不能渡河。谢玄派遣使臣对平阳公苻融说：“您孤军深入，而布置阵势又逼近水边，这是准备持久作战的打算，不是想要速战的作法。如果移动阵势稍微后退一点儿，让晋国军队得以渡河，以此来决定胜负，不也很好吗？”秦国的众将都说：“我们兵多，他们兵少，不如阻止他们，使他们不能攻上来，可万分安全。”苻坚说：“只是率领军队稍微后退，让他们渡过一半，我们以精锐骑兵逼迫上去杀死他们，没有不胜利的。”苻融也认为可以这样，于是指挥军队让他们撤退。前秦军队就撤退，不能再制止。谢玄、谢琰、桓伊等人率领军队渡过淝水进击前秦军。符融骑马在阵地上飞跑巡视，想统帅约束那些退却的士兵，战马倒了，被晋兵所杀，前秦军队于是溃败。谢玄等人乘胜追击，到达青冈。秦兵大败，自己互相践踏而死的，遮蔽了田野，堵塞了河流。那些败逃的秦兵听到风声和鹤叫声，都以为是东晋的追兵即将感到，白天黑夜不敢歇息，在草野中行军，露水中睡觉，加上挨饿受冻，死去的人十之七八。
1、下列句子加点词语的意思，与现代汉语不相同的一项是（B ）
A.见晋兵部将严整
B.至于青冈，秦兵大败
C.此亦劲敌，何谓弱也
D.皆以为晋兵将至
2、下列各组加点词的意义不相同的一组是（C ）
A.不者，若属皆且为所虏
B.欲以帅退者，马倒，为晋兵所杀
皆以为晋兵且至，昼夜不敢息父母宗族，皆为戮没
C.若移阵少却，使晋兵得渡
D.秦兵遂退，不可复止
君既若见录，不久望君来大江南北遂谓忠烈未死
3、下列各组加点词的用法或未加点句的句式不相同的一项是（A ）
A.草行露宿
B.重以饥饿，死者十七八
后人哀之而不鉴之青取之于蓝而青于蓝
C.自相蹈藉而死者，蔽野塞川
D.此乃持久之计
序八川而朝同列，和氏壁，天下共传宝也
4、下列各句在文中的意思，正确的一项是（C ）
A.逼淝水而阵——逼使晋军在淝水列阵
B.蔑不胜矣——藐视敌人就不能胜利
C.麾兵使却——指挥军队向后移动
D.融驰骑略阵——苻融使骑兵迅速布开阵势
5、以下句子分别编为四组，能够反映晋兵以少胜多的原因的一组是（A ）
①晋兵部将严整②（秦王坚）谓融曰：“此亦劲敌，何谓弱也！”怃然始有惧色③秦兵逼淝水而阵，晋兵不得渡④（秦兵）移阵少却，使晋兵得渡……不可复止⑤融驰骑略阵，欲以帅退，马侄，为晋兵所杀，秦兵遂溃⑥（秦兵）重以饥冻，死者十七八⑦秦诸将皆曰：“我众彼寡，不如遏之，使不得上，可以万全。”
A.①②④⑤⑥
B.①②③④⑤⑥⑦
C.③④⑤⑥⑦
D.①②③⑤⑥
6、下列叙述或分析不符合原文意思的一项是（D ）
A.本文段表现的是中国历史上著名的以少胜多的战例——淝水之战，文段中有很多成语今天仍然在使用。如：草木皆兵，风声鹤唳等。
B.谢玄遣使对阳平公苻融的一段话，意在引发敌人的速胜心理。
C.苻坚率领大军深入，在淝水列阵，想利用晋兵渡河之机，一举将晋军消灭，无奈事与愿违，导致的却是自己军队的溃败。
D.秦兵因退而引发溃，加上自相蹈藉，许多人受伤，在逃跑的路上，因为担心，又因为饥冻，死了十七八个人。
冬，十月，秦阳平公融等攻寿阳；癸酉，克之，执．平虏将军徐元喜等。融以其参军河南郭褒为淮南太守。慕容垂拔郧城。胡彬闻寿阳陷，退保硖石，融进攻之。秦卫将军梁成等帅众五万屯于洛涧，栅．淮以遏东兵。谢石、谢玄等去洛涧二十五里而军，惮成不敢进。胡彬粮尽，潜遣使告石等曰：“今贼盛粮尽，恐不复见大军！”秦人获之，送于阳平公融。融驰使白．秦王坚曰：“贼少易擒，但恐逃去，宜速赴之！”坚乃留大军于项城，引轻骑八千，兼道就融于寿阳。遣尚书朱序来说谢石等：以为“强弱异势，不如速降”。序私谓石等曰：“若秦百万之众尽至，诚难与为敌。今乘诸军未集，宜速击之；若败其前锋，则彼已夺气，可遂破也。”【译文】冬季，十月，前秦阳平公符融等攻打寿阳。当年十月十八日，攻克它，捉获平虏将军徐元喜等人。符融任名他的参军（官名，参预军中军事谋划）河南郭褒为淮南太守。慕容垂攻取郧城。胡彬听说寿阳陷落，退兵坚守硖石，符融进攻它。前秦卫将军梁成等率领众兵五万驻扎在洛涧，在淮河上设置栅栏作为障碍物，用以阻拦从东面来增援的晋军。谢石、谢玄等离洛涧二十五里而驻扎，畏惧梁成不敢前进。胡彬粮食耗尽，秘密地派遣信使报告谢石等说：“如今敌军（气势）旺盛，（我们）粮食耗尽，恐怕不能够见到大军！”前秦军人获得它，送交给阳平公符融。符融派人飞马前去报告秦王符坚说：“敌军人少容易擒获，但恐怕逃走，应当快速赶来攻打！”符坚就留大军在项城，带领装备轻便的骑兵八千人，以加倍的速度赶路，向寿阳符融靠近。派遣尚书朱序来劝降谢石等，因以说道：“强弱不同势，不如快些投降。”朱序私下对谢石等人说：“如果前秦百万大军都到了，谁也难与之为敌。今趁着各路兵马没有集结，应当快速攻击它；如果挫败它的前锋，那么对方就丧气了，可以随即打败了。”
石闻坚在寿阳，甚惧，欲不战以老．秦师。谢琰劝石从序言。十一月，谢玄遣广陵相刘牢之帅精兵五千趣洛涧，未至十里，梁成阻涧为陈以待之。牢之直前渡水，击成，大破之，斩成及弋阳太守王咏；又分兵断其归津，秦步骑崩溃，争赴淮水，士卒死者万五千人；执秦扬州刺史王显等，尽收其器械军实。于是谢石等诸军，水陆继进。秦王坚与阳平公融登寿阳城望之，见晋兵部阵严整，又望八公山上草木皆以为晋兵，顾谓融曰：“此亦勍敌，何谓弱也！”怃然始有惧色。（节选自《资治通鉴·肥水之战》）【译文】谢石听说符坚在寿阳，很害怕，想不战使秦军丧失锐气。谢琰劝说谢石听从朱序的话。十一月，谢玄派遣广陵相（封国在广陵的地方长官）刘牢之率领精兵五千前往洛涧，还有十里未到，梁成以涧为阻列阵以等待他。刘牢之向前渡水，攻击成功，大破对方，斩梁成及弋阳太守王咏；又分兵截断他们归途中必经的渡口，前秦的步骑崩溃，争着赶往淮水，士兵死去一万五千人，捉获前秦扬州刺史王显等，全部收缴对方军用器械及粮草之类。于是谢石等各路军队，水路继续前进。秦王符坚与阳平公符融等上寿阳城眺望他们，发现晋兵布阵严整，又望见八公山上草木，都以为是晋兵，回头看符融说：“这也是强敌，怎么说弱小呢？”惆怅失意开始有恐惧的神色。
1、写出下列加点词在句中的意思（4分）
（1）执平虏将军徐元喜
等执：
（2）栅淮以遏东
兵栅：
（3）融驰使白．秦王
坚白：
（4）欲不战以老．秦
师老：
（1）执：俘虏、擒获（2）栅：树立栅栏（3）白：报告（4）老：使疲惫（每题1分）
2、下面句子中“以”的用法相同的两项是(2分)
A、融以．其参军河南郭褒为淮南太守
B、栅淮以．遏东兵
C、欲不战以．老秦师
D、望八公山上草木皆以．为晋兵
2、BC（2分）
3、把下列句子译成现代汉语（4分）
（1）引轻骑八千，兼道就融于寿阳
（苻坚）带领八千轻装骑兵，日夜兼程赶赴寿阳与苻融汇合。
（重点字“引”“兼（1）
道”以及状语后置句式。2分）
（2）梁成阻涧为陈以待之
（2）梁成扼守山涧布署兵阵以等待刘牢之。（重点字“陈”和“以”。2分）4、两军交战，双方各有惧敌的将领，晋军中是，秦军中是。后者还留下了贻笑天下的成
语：。（3分）
4、谢石苻坚草木皆兵（每空1分）
5、肥水之战是我国古代军事史上著名的以少胜多的战例。试根据课文内容归纳晋军获胜的原因。（2分）
5、秦军虽有百万之众，但过于分散，且军心涣散（1分）；晋军虽然人数处于劣势，但精锐且集中，故能以少胜多。（1分）
英汉汉英翻译段落练习100篇 1Lexicography 1)Lexicography provides at its best a joyful sense of busyness with language2) One is immersed in the details of language as in no other field. 3) Sometimes the details are so overwhelming and endless they sap the spirit and depr ess the mind4) Often at the end of a hard day’s work one realizes with dismay that the meager stack of finished work one has accomplished has an immeasurably slight impact on the work as a whole 5) As I hope the readers of this work will come to understand dictionaries do not sprint into being 6)People must plan them collect information and write them.7 )Writing takes time and it is often frustrating and even infuriating.8 )No other form of writing is at once so quixotic and so intensely practical.9) Dictionary making does not require brilliance or originality of mind.10) It does require high intelligence mastery of the craft and dedication to hard work.11) If one has produced a dictionary one has the satisfaction of having produced a work of enduring value. 2. Pollution 1) Pollution is a problem because man in an increasingly populated and industrialized world is upsetting the environment in which he lives.2) Many scientists maintain that one of man’s greatest errors has been to equate growth with advanc ement. 3) Now ―growth‖ industries are being looked on with suspicion in case their side effects damage the environment and disrupt the relationship of different forms of life.4) The growing population makes increasing demands on the world’s fixed supply of air water and land.5) This rise in population is accompanied by the desire of more and more people for a better standard of living, in an ever increasing amount of waste material to be disposed of.6) The problem has been causing increasing concern to living things and their environment.7) Many believe that man is not solving these problems quickly enough and that his selfish pursuit of possessions takes him past the point of no return before he fully appreciates the damage. 1参考译文 词典编纂的绝妙之处是给人一种与语言打交道的快乐感。不像其他领域，编词典的人整天都钻在语言材料中。有时碰到的语言材料浩如烟海，令人耗神。往往一天辛苦工作下来，发觉所完成的薄薄几页草稿只是全部工作的九牛一毛，好不沮丧。正如我希望这部著作的读者会逐渐明白的那样，词典并非是一蹴而就的。必须先制定计划，收集材料，然后方能编写。编写词典不仅耗费时间，而且常让人受挫，甚至恼怒。没有其他的写作像编纂词典那样，既要有空想又要脚踏实地。词典编纂并不需要横渡的才华或独创的思维，但却要求很高的智力，对词典编纂的精通，和甘于吃苦的精神。一个人编写出一部词典，就会因它的长久价值而得到一份快慰。 2参考译文 污染已成为问题，因为在当今人口越来越多，社会越来越工业化的世界上，人类正在污染他们居住的环境。许多科学家认为人类最大的错误是把发展和进步等同起来。现在人们以怀疑的态度看待“发展性”的产业，因为它们的副作用会破坏环境，破坏各种生命之间的关系。人口的增长导致对世界上有限的空气、水和土地的需求不断增长。伴随着人口增长的是越来越多的人渴望更高的生活水平。于是对电、水和商品的更大需求必然造成有更多的废物要处理。这个问题已经引起人们对生物及其环境的日益关注。许多人认为，人类没有尽快地解决这一问题，却只顾谋求私利，以致于到了无可挽救的地步以后才充分认识到这种兵贵神速。
汉译英： 1徐霞客一生周游考察了十六个省，足迹几乎遍及全 国。他在考察的过程中，从来不盲目迷信书 本上的结论。他发现前人研究地理的记载有许多很不可靠的地方。为了进行真实细致的考察，他很少乘车坐船，几乎全 靠双脚翻山越岭，长途跋涉；为了弄清大自然的真相，他总是挑选道路艰险的山区，人迹稀少的森林进行考察，发现了许多 奇山秀景；他常常选择不同的时间和季节，多次重游各地名 山，反复观察变换的奇景。 Xu Xiake toured and investigated 16 provinces in his lifetime, covering almost the whole of China/ the whole country. When he was carrying out his investigations, he never took blind belief in the conclusions in the books. Instead he found a lot of unreliable points in the geographic records taken by his predecessors. In order to make his investigations reliable and thorough, he seldom traveled by carriage or boat. Instead, he took long, arduous trips on foot almost all the time, climbing mountains and hills. In order to learn about the truth of nature, he always chose to conduct investigations in mountainous areas with dangerous roads and in lonely / untraveled woods, where he discovered a lot of magnificent peaks and beautiful sights. ( During his life time, Xu Xiake visited and explored 16 provinces, leaving his footprints in nearly every corner of the country. He never blindly accepted the conclusions given in books in his exploration. He found that many of the geographical records by other people before him were inaccurate ( He found many inaccuracies in the travel notes on geography written by his predecessors ) . He seldom traveled by horse cart or boat but climbed mountains and ridges and took long, difficult journeys most of the time
新四级汉译英段落翻译技巧 新四级汉译英段落翻译解题技巧 ?题型简介?基本要求?翻译技巧 题型简介 ?自2013年12月考次起，全国大学英语四级考试的翻译部分将由原单句汉译英调整文段落汉译英，翻译内容涉及中国的历史、文化、经济、社会发展等题材。 140~160词 基本要求 要求考生以词、句的翻译为基础，扩大到对整体段落的翻译的把握，段落内容相对完整、结构相对独立。翻译时要把整个段落当作一个有机的语篇，注意各句子之间的衔接和段落间的过渡。 翻译技巧 (一) 词的翻译 (二) 句的翻译 (三) 段落翻译 (一) 词的翻译 1. 词义选择 2. 词类转换 3. 词的增补 4. 词的省略 5. 词的替代 1.词义选择 (1)语境词?汉语有些词语的含义会因语境而发生微妙的变化，称之为“语境词”，应紧密结合上下文译成相应的词，不能按照原词的字面意思来译。?原文：手机刷新了人与人的关系。?译文：Cell phone have altered the relationship among people. ?分析：“刷新”此处实际是指“改变”，而并非是我们平常所指的含义，因此不宜译成refurbish或renovate，翻译为alter或 change更恰当。 (2) 表意模糊的词?原文：这所全国重点大学为社会输送了大批的人才。?译文：The national key university has prepared batches of qualified graduates for the society. ?分析：“输送”在句中是一个模糊笼统的词，具体说来是指“培养出”。“人才”笼统，译为qualified graduates比较确切。 (3) 比喻词汇?汉语有许多比喻词汇，表面意义和喻指含义完全不同，英译时应跳出机械对应的思维定式，动态地译出其潜在含义。?原文：老师答应给这几个学生“吃小灶”。?译文：The teacher has promised to give these students special tuition. ?分析：“吃小灶”在这里指的是“个别辅导”。 2.词类转换 (1)动词?名词?英语动词受到形态变化规则的严格限制，大量本应该由动词表达的概念，常需借助于名词，因为名词不受形态规则的束缚，使用相对灵活、方便。?原文：吃头两个主菜时，也是赞不绝口。?译文：You"ll be full of praise while eating the first two main courses. ?分析：英语中有大量抽象名词表示行为或动作意义 advice,agreement,inheritance,knowledge,praise,use等。以上例句借助抽象名词表达了特定的行为动作，译文也显得较为地道。 (2)动词?介词?介词与名词密切相关，英语名词的广泛使用使得介词也频繁出现，而且英语中有些介词本身就是由动词演变来的。汉译英时，有些动词可以用介词来表达。?原文：人们常用剪纸美化环境。?译文：People often beautify their homes with paper cuttings. (3)动词?形容词?汉语的一些动词常常用形容词来表达，这些形容词通常是与动词同源的词（如dreamful,doubtful,sympathetic 等），这样的译文有时会更地道、标准。?原文：在明朝和清朝时期特别流行。?译文：It was widespread particularly during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
In the case of a resistor, the voltage-current relationship is given by Ohm’s law, which states that the voltage across the resistor is equal to the current through the resistor multiplied by the value of the resistance. 就电阻来说, 电压—电流的关系由欧姆定律决定。欧姆定律指出:电阻两端的 电压等于电阻上流过的电流乘以电阻值。 2]It may be that the inductor voltage rather than the current is the variable of interest in the circuit. 或许在电路中,人们感兴趣的变量是电感电压而不是电感电流。 Viewed in this light, it will be found that the analysis of three-phase circuits is little more difficult than that of single-phase circuits. 这样看来,三相电路的分析比单相电路的分析难不了多少。 At unity power factor, the power in a single-phase circuit is zero twice each cycle. 在功率因数为 1时,单相电路里的功率值每个周波有两次为零。 It should be noted that if the polarity of point Awith respect to N ( is assumed for the positive half-cycle, then when used in the same phasor diagram should be drawn opposite to, or 180? out of phase with, . 应该注意,如果把 A 点相对于 N 的极性(定为正半周,那么在用于同一相量图中时就应该画得同相反,即相位差为 180? One problem with electronic devices corresponding to the generalized amplifiers is that the gains, AU or AI, depend upon internal properties of the two-port system. 对应于像广义放大器这样的电子装置,一个问题就是增益 AU 或者 AI ,它们取决于两输入端系统的内部特性。
1.Our big old house was closely related with the joys and sorrows of four generations. 2.I planted these roses a long, long time ago before your mother was born. 3.Many sons left home to fight against the Fascist Nazi. 4.Take the first friendly greeting and always keep it deep in your heart. 1.He has prepared answers to the questions that he expects to confront during the interview. 2.His sad story touched us so deeply that we nearly cried. 3.The two of them are walking hand in hand along the river bank, chatting, laughing, and looking happy. 4.When he heart the exciting news, tears of joy welled up in his eyes. 5.People from Shanghai can understand Suzhou dialect with ease, for Shanghai dialect and Suzhou dialect have much in common. 6.Henry and his wife are looking into the possibility of buying a new house within three years. 7.He finally gave in to his daughter’s repeated requests to further her education abroad. 8.We locked all our valuables away before we went on holiday. 9.Although we have parted from eah other, I hope that we will remain good friends and that we will care for and help each other just as we did in the past. 10.At that critical moment, the army commander summoned all the officers to work out new strategies and tactics which would make it possible to conquer the enemy. Unit 2 1.A gracious manner adds the greatest splendour to your image. 2.I firmly believed the note my guest sent me didn’t take long to write. 3.The simple phrase “Excuse me.” made most of your irritation disappear. 4.Being on time is a virtue which belongs not only to the past but also to the present. 5.Y ou shouldn’t accept the other person’s presence without thinking of its importance. 6.Good manners produce the same feelings or actions in others. 1.I am sorry I am late; I was at a meeting and couldn’t get away. 2.At the concert whnever a singer finished singing a beautiful song, the audience would burst into loud cheers to show their appreciation. 3.As a stylish dresser, she is always wearing stylish clothes, but she seldom cares about what she eats or drinks. 4.The nurse tells me that the doctors have done wonders for your heart disease. 5.When awarding the prize, the chairman complimented the winner on his great contribution to mankind. 6.This problem has bothered the experts for many years. 7.The crowd of demonstrators melted away when the police arrived. 8.Since punctuality is a good habit, we should pay much attention to it and make great efforts to cultivate this good habit. 9.The old man cherishes that girl, as if she were his own daughter. 10.It is just a routine physical checkup, nothing to get worried about.
1.在中国，喝茶是一种仪式（ritual），一种精致品味（refined taste）的展示。人们在饮茶 的同时，也领略着（take delight in）品茶的情趣之意。喝茶聊天是中国人中最流行的打发时间的方式。过去，他们是以进有名的茶馆（teahouse）而开始一天的生活的。中国的茶馆相当于法国的咖啡馆和英国的酒馆。人们到这里不仅是为了喝茶，也是为了议论当地的新闻或对政治话题进行激烈的（furious）争论。 2.在中国，中小学教育需要花费12年的时间来完成，分为小学、初中和高中三个阶段。 小学教育持续5年或6年。在初中阶段，大多数学生上3年制初中，极少数上4年制。 几乎98%的学生在前一种学校入学。在小学和初中的9年教育属于义务教育。普通高中教育持续3年时间，在整个义务教育阶段，学生要求在每学期末参加期末考试。 3.旅游业是最近二十年来在世界各地迅速发展的一个经济部门，现在正引起中国公众愈来 愈大的注意。许多人给报社写信，就促进中国的旅游业的发展提出了种种建议。人们的看法是，发展旅游业将有助于促进中国人民和其他国家人们之间的相互了解，增进友谊，并将有利于文化、科学、技术方面的交流，还会有助于为中国的伟大事业积累资金。 4.剪纸（paper cutting）是中国最为流行的民间艺术形式之一。中国剪纸有一千五百多年的 历史，在明朝和清朝时期（the Ming and Qing Dynasties）特别流行。人们常用剪纸美化居家环境，特别是在春节和婚庆期间，剪纸被用来装饰门窗和房间，以增加喜庆的气氛。 剪纸最常用的颜色是红色，象征健康和兴旺。中国剪纸在世界各地很受欢迎，经常被用作馈赠外国友人的礼物。 5.过去的七年，中国的房地产（real estate）业经历前所未有的高速增长。对于那些月薪较 低却渴望在大城市拥有一套属于自己的体面、舒适的栖身之所的人来说，高昂的房价是他们无法承受的负担。鉴于这一状况，政府近来采取了一系列的措施来防止房价过快增长，包括提高利率及增加房产税等。目前，这些措施在部分城市已经取得了初步的成效。 6.如今，越来越多的大学生抱怨很难找到好工作。造成这一现象的原因如下：首先，大学 生把在校的大多数时间都用在了专业学科学习上，只有当他们开始找工作的时候，才意识到自己缺乏必要的职业培训。其次，大学生之间的竞争也越来越激烈，这导致任何一名大学生找到工作的机会都变小了。因此，强烈建议大学生在课余时间做一兼职工作，以积累相关的工作经验。 7. 旅游业是现代发展最快的产业之一。的确，旅游业的增长率通常超过全球经济的增长率。旅游业发展成为一个大规模的产业，依靠的是快速廉价的现代化交通工具。例如，国际旅游业发展最快的时期正是航空运输业的发展时期。 旅游业不仅有利于航空公司、旅馆、餐饮、出租车等行业，而且还有利于许多商业机构，甚至有利于旅游商品的制造业。旅游业不是一个单一性行业，而是由向游客提供各种服务的
Unit 1 1. 他相当足球明星的梦想随着时间的推移慢慢消退了。 His dream of becoming a football star faded out as time went by. 2. 一架波音747 飞机没有升到足够的高度以飞越那座高山，转瞬间一头撞向大山爆炸了。机上无人生还。 A Boeing 747 aircraft didn 't gain enough height to clear the mountain. In a twinkling, it crashed into the mountain and blew up. No one survived the accident. 3. 学生们可以很容易地获得图书馆的资源，所以他们应该充分地利用好图书馆。Students have easy access to the resources in the library, so they are supposed to make the best of it. 4. 当时世界上最豪华的游轮泰坦尼克号在她前往美国的途中撞到了冰山，结果轮船沉没在大西洋中，成百上千的人死于这场海难。 Titanic, the most luxurious ship in the world at that time , hit an iceberg when she was under way to the US. Consequently, the ship sank into the Atlantic Ocean and thousands of people died in this shipwreck. 5. 每天夏天，游客们都涌向这一著名的海滩。来此享受日光浴的游客像沙丁鱼一样挤满了海滩。 Every summer, all the tourists pour into this famous beach. They lie packed like sardines on the beach to enjoy the sunbathing. 6. 他们曾经到圣路易斯去过一次，对于哪里的新奇事物稍微知道一个大概，可是现在他们的光荣时代已经成过去了。他们从此自知没趣，再也不说话了，而且每逢这个毫不留情的机匠走过来的时候，他们就知道赶快躲开。 The have been to St. Louis once and have a vague general knowledge of its wonders, but the day of their glory is over now. They lapse into humble silence and learn to disappear when the ruthless engineer approaches. Unit 2 1. 有些网络专家认为因特网可以防止战争、减少污染，还能克服种种形式的不平等。Some cyber gurus claim that the Internet will prevent wars, reduce pollution, and combat various forms of inequality. 2. 不可否认，因特网可以增进交流，但他却无法消除战争，因为战争的爆发并不仅仅是由于不同种族间缺乏充分理解而引起的。 Although the Internet undeniably fosters communication, it will not put an end to war, since wars are by no means caused simply by the failure of different peoples to understand each other adequately. 3. 只有当网上的活动能够真正取代现实世界中的行为时，因特网才能帮助节约能源，减少污染。 The Internet can help reduce energy consumption and pollution only if doing things online genuinely displaces real-world activities. 4. 穷人不用因特网并不是因为他们买不起，而是因为他们缺乏必要的技能来有效地利用它，所以提高老百姓的文化水平要比给他们提供上网机会更有意义。 The poor are not shunning the Internet because they cannot afford it. The problem is that they lack the skills to exploit it effectively. Therefore, it makes more sense to aim for universal literacy than universal Internet access.
3、参考答案 In the past seven years, China?s real estate industry has developed in a record high speed. For those who earn less but are eager to own a decent and comfortable place of their own in a big city, the high housing price is a heavy burden that they cannot afford. For this reason, the government has taken a series of measures to prevent the housing price from rising too fast, including raising interest rates and increasing taxes on real estate etc. Presently, these measures have achieved initial effects in some cities. 难点精析 1.房地产业：翻译为real estate industry。 2.前所未有的高速增长：翻译为a record high speed。 3.鉴于这一状况：可以根据上下文的语境转译为for this reason。 4.采取一系列的措施：翻译为take a series of measures。 5.取得初步成效：翻译为achieve initial effects。 4、参考答案 Nowadays, more and more university students complain about having great difficulties in finding a good job. The reasons for this phenomenon are as follows: First, college students spend most of their time at school studying academic subjects and it is only when they start looking for a job that they realize they lack necessary job training. Second, competition among graduates has become more and more fierce. And this results in a decreased chance for any individual graduate to find a job. Therefore, it is highly suggested that college students should do some part-time jobs in their spare time to accumulate relevant working experience. 难点精析 1.抱怨很难找到好工作：翻译为complain about having great difficulties in finding a good job。其中“抱怨做某事”用句型complain about doing sth.表示，having great difficulties in finding a good job表示“找工作有困难”，用到了句型have difficulties in doing sth.。 2.只有当他们开始找工作的时候，才意识到自己缺乏必要的职业培训：翻译为it is only when they start looking for a job that they realize they lack necessary job training。……只有当才??用强调句型it is only when…that…表示。， 3.导致：翻译为results in,同义短语有lead to和bring about，但是表示不好的结果时一般用短语result in。 4.强烈建议：翻译为it is highly suggested that...，其中highly suggested也可以用strongly recommended 替换，都表示“强烈建议做某事”。 5.积累相关的工作经验：翻译为accumulate relevant working experience.
这几段翻译中有几段比较难，建议大家练习时不要气馁，一定养成完整翻译的习惯，对不会表达的词或句子片段，可以以类似的表达来替代，注意整段译文的完整性。一定要先自己试着翻完，再去看参考答案。 1.过去的七年，中国的房地产（real estate）业经历了前所未有的高速增长。对于那些月薪较低却渴望在大城市拥有一套属于自己的体面、舒适的栖身之所的人来说，高昂的房价是他们无法承受的负担。鉴于这一状况，政府近来采取了一系列的措施来防止房价过快增长，包括提高利率及增加房产税等。目前，这些措施在部分城市已经取得了初步的成效。 In the past seven years, China’s real estate industry has developed in a record high speed. For those who earn less but are eager to own a decent and comfortable place of their own in a big city, the high housing price is a heavy burden that they cannot afford. For this reason, the government has taken a series of measures to prevent the housing price from rising too fast, including raising interest rates and increasing taxes on real estate etc. Presently, these measures have achieved initial effects in some cities. 2.现在大学生的学习压力相当重。除了大四他们开始找工作了，其余的学生总是忙于学习，而不愿参加校园团体和俱乐部，不愿参加体育锻炼和其他课外活动，不愿与他们的朋友玩玩，不愿关心和学习没有关系的事。他们学习太紧张，几乎没有时间好好品尝生活，干些其他事，成为一个全面发展的人。读大学使他们失去太多的个人幸福和健康。 College students now bear heavy academic pressure. You will find them----except seniors who are beginning to look for a job----always to busy in studies to join campus organizations, too busy to take part in sports and other extracurricular activities, too busy to share interests of their friends and too busy to pay attention anything that is connected with their studies. They study so hard that they have hardly had time to savor life and to pursue other interests to grow as well-rounded people. The pursuit of college education costs them too much personal happiness and health. 3.上海是中国重要的经济、金融、贸易、科技、信息和文化中心。作为一座历史文化名城，上海以她独特的风韵吸引了数以百万的海内外游客。上海同时也是美食家的乐园，尤其是上海的本帮菜，特别是受到海外人士的青睐。最引人入胜的建筑当属黄浦江畔的东方明珠塔。登上观光层，或俯视浦江对岸的外滩万国建筑博览群，或举目鸟瞰全市，无限风光，尽收眼底，令人心旷神怡，流连忘返。 Shanghai is China’s important center of economy, finance, trade, science and technology, information and culture. As a noted historic and cultural city, Shanghai attracts millions of tourists from home and abroad with its unique charm. Shanghai is also a cherished paradise gourmets; its local cuisine enjoys particular popularity among overseas visitors. The most attractive work of architecture is no other than the Oriental Pearl Tower standing by the bank of the Huangpu River. Mounting the observation floor and looking around, you’ll admire the view of the famous Bund
1.意大利著名旅行家马可。波罗曾这样叙述他印象中的杭州：“这是世界上最美妙迷人的城市，它使人觉得自己社在天堂。”在中国，也流传着这样的话：“上有天堂，下有苏杭。”杭州的名气主要在于风景如画的西湖。西湖一年四季都美不胜收，宋代著名诗人苏东坡用“淡妆浓抹总相宜”的诗句来赞誉西湖。在杭州，您可以饱览西湖的秀色，也不妨漫步街头闹市，品尝一下杭州的名菜名点，还可购上几样名特土产。 The famous Italian traveler Marco Pole was so impressed by the beauty of Hangzhou that he described it as “the mist fascinating city in the world where one feels that one is in paradise.” In China, there has been a century-old popular saying praising the city: In Heaven there is Paradise; on Earth there are Suzhou and Hangz hou.” Hangzhou’s fame lies mainly in its picturesque West Lake. As it is beautiful all the year round, the West Lake was compared by Su Dongpo, a celebrated poet of the Song Dynasty, to a beauty “who is always charming in either light or heavy makeup.” In Hangzhou, you will not only find the lake a perfect delight to the eye but also find it a joy to stroll along the busy streets, taste famous Hangzhou dishes and buy some special local products. 2.在设备制造期间，雇主的代表有权对根据合同提供的全部工程设备的材料和工艺进行检查、研究和检验，同时检查其制造进度。这一切应在工作时间内于承包商的工厂里进行。如果工程设备正在其它第三方工厂制造，承包商应为卖方代表获得他能在该工厂进行此类检查、研究和检验的许可。此类检查、研究或检验不应解除承包商在合同中的任何义务。 The Employer’s representative shall be entitled during manufacture to inspect, examine and test the materials and workmanship and check the progress of manufacture of all Plants to be supplied under the Contract. This shall take place on the Contractor’s promises during working hours. If the plant is being manufactured on other premises, the Contractor shall obtain permission for the Employer’s representative to carry out such inspection, examination and testing on those premises. 3. 雇主或项目经理提交给承包商的雇主的图纸，技术规格以及其它资料仍应为雇主的财产。除非是为了合同的需要，未经雇主同意，承包商不得使用、复制这些材料或将之传递给第三方。 承包商应对承包商的图纸中的任何错误或遗漏负责，除非他们可归因与雇主或项目经理提供的不正确的雇主图纸或其它书面资料。项目经理对承包商的图纸的批准不应解除本款规定的承包商的任何责任。 The Employe r’s drawings, specification and other information submitted by the Employer or the Project Manager to the Contractor shall remain the property of the Employer. They shall not, without the consent of the Employer, be used, copied or communicated to a third party by the Contractor unless necessary for the purposes of the Contract. The Contractor shall be responsible for any errors or omissions in the Contractor’s Drawings unless they are due to incorrect Employer’s Drawings or other written information supplied by the Employer or the Project Manager. Approval by the Project Manager of the Contractor’s drawings shall not relieve the Contractor from any responsibility under this Sub-Clause.