Passage1
在媒介文化高度发展的今天，年轻人接触外来文化的方式越来越多。根据中国互联网信息中心（CNNIC）的统计,截止到2004年6月30日，中国上网用户总数达到8700万人，其中多数是年轻人。现代社会的开放性和多样性使得年轻人不得不在西方文化的冲击中寻找自己的文化定位。实际上，现在很多年轻人在很多生活方式上已经很难分清它是来自西方还是东方。
菲菲：
Nowadays，when the media culture develops, young people get more opportunities to the way of exposure to foreign culture. According to the CHHIC，the total number of Chinese Internet users is 87million，and most of them are young people until June 30, 2004. Young people have to find their cultural orientation from the impact of western culture, as a result of the open and diversity of modern society. In fact，many young people have difficulties in distinguish whether it comes from the west or the east in many life style.
In the era of highly developed media culture, young people have more contact than ever with foreign culture. According to CNNIC statistics, by June 30,2004, China had had 87 million Internet user, most of which are young people. Coupled with the openness and diversity of modern society, young Chinese people now have to seek their culture orientation within the ambit of Western culture. //in fact// actually, many aspects of the Western or Eastern lifestyle are so blended that many young people find it difficult to make those lifestyles distinguishable.
Passage2
世界贸易组织成立于1995年1月1日，目的是保证一个稳定的全球和贸易经济环境。在当今世界上的190多个国家中，世界贸易组织的成员国（member country）有158个。在处理国家之间的贸易规则方面，世界贸易组织是唯一的全球性国际组织。世贸组织的事务应该引起我们的关注，因为世贸组织制定的规则对我们国家的经济和国民生活都有一定的影响。
The WTO(World Trade Organization ),established on January 1,1995, aims to ensure a stable trade and economic world environment. The WTO is an association of 158 member countries, of more than 190 countries in the world today. The WTO is the only global international organization dealing with the rules of trade between nations. The business of the WTO should be of interest to us because the rules that are being decided therein have an impact on our national economy, and people’s lives.
Passage3
奥运会是国际性的体育盛会(sporting events),体育项目种类繁多，分为冬夏两季，均是每4年举办一次。最初有记载的奥运会于公元前776年在希腊的奥林匹亚(Olympia)举行。奥运会是最大的媒体活动之一。2000年悉尼奥运会上，有超过1.6万名播音员和新闻记者参与报道。据估计，有38亿观众通过电视收看了此届盛会。然而，奥运会的发展也是奥运会面临的一个大问题。
The Olympic Games are an international multi-sport event subdivided into summer and winter sporting events. The summer and winter games are each held
every four years. The original Olympic Games were first recorded in 776 BC in Olympia ,Greece. The Olympics are one of the largest media events. In Sydney in 2000 there were more than 16,000 broadcasters and journalists, and an estimated 3.8 billion viewers watched the games on television. However, the development of the Olympics is one of the largest problems the Olympics face today.
Passage4
《三国演义》由罗贯中创作于14世纪，是一部中国历史题材小说。小说以汉朝末年和三国时期的历史演变为背景，叙述了在这个动荡(turbulent)的时期发生的一系列重大事情。整个故事情节从公元168年开始一直到公元280年领土统一(reunification)时结束。小说篇幅长达80万字，分为120个章节，191个人物角色，堪称中国文学史上四大经典小说之一。
Romance of the Three Kingdoms, written by LuoGuanzhong in the 14th century, is a Chinese historical novel based upon event in the turbulent years near the end of the Han Dynasty and the Three Kingdoms era, starting in AD 168 and ending with the reunification of the land in AD 280. It is acclaimed as one of the Four Great Classical Novels of Chinese literature, with a grand total of 800,000 words, 191 characters, and 120 chapters.
Passage 5
In ancient China，ever since the matrilineal society was replaced by a patrilineal one，the social division of labor has been based on men ploughing and women weaving; the tradition of embroidering shoes has been passed down from one generation to another by Chinese women. Aesthetic conceptions，cultural traditions，ethics and morals，as well as the fashion of different dynasties, have allows'been well expressed by the needle and thread with which subtle and interestingchanges have been incorporated.
在古代中国，自从母系氏社会被父系式社会所取代之后，社会劳动分工便建立在男耕女织的基础之上;而绣花鞋这一传统则由中国妇女一代代流传下来。它通过针与线创造出了美学概念、文化传统、伦理与道德以及不同朝代的时尚，同时也加入了微妙、有趣的变化。
But when and where did embroidered shoes first appear? Works that have been passed down from ancient times fail to provide us with explicit evidence. The popular tale of the "Jin Shoes" may，however, give us some inspiration.
但若要说起绣花鞋起源的时间和地点的话，古代流传下来的书籍并不能为我们提供明确的证据。但是“晋鞋”这个广为流传的故事可能会给我们一定的启示。
In the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods dating back more than 2 600 years，the capital of the State of Jin was located in Shanxi Province. In 606 BC when Jin Xiangong became the monarch，he set out to expand the territory，annexing l0 vassal states. To immortalize his cultural and military achievements in the minds of the masses, Jin ordered that the shoes belonging to all women in the palace should
bear 10 fruit or flower patterns，including pomegranate blossoms，peach blossoms，grapes，etc. He also mandated that all civilian girls should wear the“10-fruit shoes" at their weddings so that the generations to follow would not forget his legacy. At that time，the female embroidered shoes bearing such patterns were called "Jin shoes".From then on，the art of embroidery extended from shoes to clothing and other daily utilities.
在距今2 600多年前的春秋战国时代，晋国的首都位于山西省。当晋献公在公元前606年当上国君之后，他大举开辟疆土并且吞并了10个诸侯国。为了让人民大众记住自己的文治武功，晋献公命令将宫中所有女子的鞋子都必须描绘出10种水果或花卉的图案，这其中包括石榴花、桃花、葡萄等。他还要求所有的平民女子在出嫁的时候都必须穿这种“绣着10种水果图案鞋”，这样今后世世代代的人们就不会忘记他所留下的功绩了。当时，妇女所穿的这种带有上述图案的绣花鞋便被称作“晋鞋”。自此之后，刺绣艺术便从鞋子扩展到衣物和其他日常用品上。
Three hundred years later, the great philosopher Xuntse was born in“the hometown of embroidered shoes".Xun attached much importance to the local embroidery trade. In his famous book Xun Zi，he recorded the emerging popularity of the iron needle in embroidery，glorifying the embroidering needle from the viewpoint of a philosopher. He noted that apart from embroidery the needle can also promote the economic development and stability of a society. Even in neoteric times，local silk fabrics and embroidery were still well reputed both home and abroad. The local women began embroidering at an early age，spending over 10 years on their embroidered matrimonial shoes. They did this to demonstrate their loyalty to love and their aspiration for happiness. Social reforms also rendered the craft of embroidery as an important standard for appraising a girl as“clever and deft".
300年之后，伟大的哲学家荀子出生在“绣花鞋之乡”。荀子认为当地的刺绣贸易十分重要。在他所撰写的名作《荀子》一书中，他记载了铁针在刺绣业中的受欢迎程度越来越高，并且从哲学家的角度对用于刺绣的针大加赞美。他指出除了刺绣之外，针还可以用来促进经济发展和社会的稳定。即便是到了近代，当地的丝绸织物和刺绣依然享誉海内外。当地的妇女从很小便开始从事刺绣行当，并且要花十多年的时间来制作自己出嫁时的绣花鞋。她们之所以这样做是为了表明自己对爱情的忠诚以及对幸福的热望。社会变革也使束华秀这门技艺成为评判女子是否“心灵手巧”的一条重要标准。
英汉汉英翻译段落练习100篇 1Lexicography 1)Lexicography provides at its best a joyful sense of busyness with language2) One is immersed in the details of language as in no other field. 3) Sometimes the details are so overwhelming and endless they sap the spirit and depr ess the mind4) Often at the end of a hard day’s work one realizes with dismay that the meager stack of finished work one has accomplished has an immeasurably slight impact on the work as a whole 5) As I hope the readers of this work will come to understand dictionaries do not sprint into being 6)People must plan them collect information and write them.7 )Writing takes time and it is often frustrating and even infuriating.8 )No other form of writing is at once so quixotic and so intensely practical.9) Dictionary making does not require brilliance or originality of mind.10) It does require high intelligence mastery of the craft and dedication to hard work.11) If one has produced a dictionary one has the satisfaction of having produced a work of enduring value. 2. Pollution 1) Pollution is a problem because man in an increasingly populated and industrialized world is upsetting the environment in which he lives.2) Many scientists maintain that one of man’s greatest errors has been to equate growth with advanc ement. 3) Now ―growth‖ industries are being looked on with suspicion in case their side effects damage the environment and disrupt the relationship of different forms of life.4) The growing population makes increasing demands on the world’s fixed supply of air water and land.5) This rise in population is accompanied by the desire of more and more people for a better standard of living, in an ever increasing amount of waste material to be disposed of.6) The problem has been causing increasing concern to living things and their environment.7) Many believe that man is not solving these problems quickly enough and that his selfish pursuit of possessions takes him past the point of no return before he fully appreciates the damage. 1参考译文 词典编纂的绝妙之处是给人一种与语言打交道的快乐感。不像其他领域，编词典的人整天都钻在语言材料中。有时碰到的语言材料浩如烟海，令人耗神。往往一天辛苦工作下来，发觉所完成的薄薄几页草稿只是全部工作的九牛一毛，好不沮丧。正如我希望这部著作的读者会逐渐明白的那样，词典并非是一蹴而就的。必须先制定计划，收集材料，然后方能编写。编写词典不仅耗费时间，而且常让人受挫，甚至恼怒。没有其他的写作像编纂词典那样，既要有空想又要脚踏实地。词典编纂并不需要横渡的才华或独创的思维，但却要求很高的智力，对词典编纂的精通，和甘于吃苦的精神。一个人编写出一部词典，就会因它的长久价值而得到一份快慰。 2参考译文 污染已成为问题，因为在当今人口越来越多，社会越来越工业化的世界上，人类正在污染他们居住的环境。许多科学家认为人类最大的错误是把发展和进步等同起来。现在人们以怀疑的态度看待“发展性”的产业，因为它们的副作用会破坏环境，破坏各种生命之间的关系。人口的增长导致对世界上有限的空气、水和土地的需求不断增长。伴随着人口增长的是越来越多的人渴望更高的生活水平。于是对电、水和商品的更大需求必然造成有更多的废物要处理。这个问题已经引起人们对生物及其环境的日益关注。许多人认为，人类没有尽快地解决这一问题，却只顾谋求私利，以致于到了无可挽救的地步以后才充分认识到这种兵贵神速。
文言文2 段训练 1、盲苦 有盲子道涸溪。桥上失坠，两手攀楯 （栏杆上的横 木 ），兢兢握固，自 分（料想）失手必堕深渊矣。过者告曰：“毋 怖，第（只管）放下即实地也。” 盲子不信，握楯长号。久之，力惫，失乎坠地。乃自哂曰：“嘻！早知即实地，何久自苦耶！”夫大道甚夷。沈空守寂（指陷在空想中），执一隅以自矜 严（矜持自负）者，视此省哉！ 2、贵天 桓公问管仲曰：“王者何贵？”曰：“贵天。”桓公仰而视天。管仲曰： “所谓天者，非谓苍苍莽莽之天也。君人者以百姓为天，百姓与之则安， 辅之则强，非之则危，背之则亡。”诗云：“人而无良，相怨一方。”民 怨其上，不遂王者，为之有也. 3、陈述古祠钟 陈述古密直知建州浦城县日，有人失物，捕得莫知的为盗者。述古乃 绐之曰：“某庙有一钟，能辨盗，至灵。”使人迎置后阁祠之，引群囚立 钟前，自陈：“不为盗者，摸之则无声；为盗者，摸之则有声。述古自率同职，祷钟甚隙。祭讫，以帷围之，乃阴使人以墨涂钟。良久，引囚逐一 令引手入帷摸之，出乃验其手，皆有墨，唯有一囚无墨，讯之，遂承为盗。 盖恐钟有声，不敢摸也。？ 4、方子振学弈 人多言："方子振小时嗜弈，尝于月下见一老人，谓方曰：’孺子喜弈乎？诚喜，明当候我唐昌观中。’明日方往，则老人已在。老人怒曰：’曾
谓与长者期，而迟迟若此乎？当于诘朝更期于此。’方念之曰：’圯上老人意也。’方明日五鼓而往，观门未启，斜月犹在。老入俄翩然曳杖而来，曰： ‘孺子可与言弈矣。’因布局于地，与对四十八变，每变不过十余着耳。由是海内遂无敌者。"余过清源，因觅方问此。方曰："此好事者之言也。余 年八龄，便喜对弈。时已从塾师受书，每余常课，必先了竟，且语师曰： '今皆弟子余力，请以事弈。’塾师初亦惩挞禁之，后不复能禁。日于书案下置局布算。年至十三，天国下遂无敌手。"此盖专艺入神，管夷吾所谓： "鬼神通之，而不必鬼神者也！ 5、仲尼之贤如天高 齐景公谓子贡曰:“子谁师？”曰：“臣师仲尼。”公曰：“仲尼贤乎？”对曰：“贤。”公曰：“其贤何若？”对曰：“不知也。”公曰： “子知其贤，而不知其奚若，可乎？”对曰：“今谓天高，无少长愚智者 皆知高。高几何？皆曰不知也。是以知仲尼之贤而不知其奚若。” 6、君子之学美其身 君子之学也，入乎耳，著乎心，布乎四体，形乎动静。端而言，软而 动，一可以为法则。小人之学也，入乎耳，出乎口。口耳之间，贝U四寸耳。 曷足以美七尺之躯哉！古之学者为己，今人学者为人。君子之学也，以美 其身；小人之学也，以为禽犊。故不问而告谓之傲；问一而告二，谓之噴。 傲，非也；噴，非也；君子如响矣。《荀子?劝学篇》 7、运斤成风 庄子送葬，过惠子之墓，顾谓从者曰：’郢人垩慢其鼻端若蝇翼，使匠石斫之。匠石『运斤成风』，听而斫之，尽垩而鼻不伤，郢人立不失容
In the case of a resistor, the voltage-current relationship is given by Ohm’s law, which states that the voltage across the resistor is equal to the current through the resistor multiplied by the value of the resistance. 就电阻来说, 电压—电流的关系由欧姆定律决定。欧姆定律指出:电阻两端的 电压等于电阻上流过的电流乘以电阻值。 2]It may be that the inductor voltage rather than the current is the variable of interest in the circuit. 或许在电路中,人们感兴趣的变量是电感电压而不是电感电流。 Viewed in this light, it will be found that the analysis of three-phase circuits is little more difficult than that of single-phase circuits. 这样看来,三相电路的分析比单相电路的分析难不了多少。 At unity power factor, the power in a single-phase circuit is zero twice each cycle. 在功率因数为 1时,单相电路里的功率值每个周波有两次为零。 It should be noted that if the polarity of point Awith respect to N ( is assumed for the positive half-cycle, then when used in the same phasor diagram should be drawn opposite to, or 180? out of phase with, . 应该注意,如果把 A 点相对于 N 的极性(定为正半周,那么在用于同一相量图中时就应该画得同相反,即相位差为 180? One problem with electronic devices corresponding to the generalized amplifiers is that the gains, AU or AI, depend upon internal properties of the two-port system. 对应于像广义放大器这样的电子装置,一个问题就是增益 AU 或者 AI ,它们取决于两输入端系统的内部特性。
精编新CET6段落翻译（汉译英）练习题 每日一练，快速提高英语水平！ 第1篇 练习时间：年月日耗时：分 污染已成为问题，因为在当今人口越来越多，社会越来越工业化的世界上，人类正在污染他们居住的环境。许多科学家认为人类最大的错误是把发展和进步等同起来。现在人们以怀疑的态度看待“发展性”的产业，因为它们的副作用会破坏环境，破坏各种生命之间的关系。人口的增长导致对世界上有限的空气、水和土地的需求不断增长。伴随着人口增长的是越来越多的人渴望更高的生活水平。于是对电、水和商品的更大需求必然造成有更多的废物要处理。这个问题已经引起人们对生物及其环境的日益关注。许多人认为，人类没有尽快地解决这一问题，却只顾谋求私利，以致于到了无可挽救的地步以后才充分认识到这种兵贵神速。 第2篇 练习时间：年月日耗时：分 人们对智力所指的有那些不同表现看法比较一致，而对这些表现如何进行解释和分类，意见就不那么一致了。但人们一般认为智力高的人在处理问题时能抓住要点，善于区分，能进行逻辑推理，和利用语言和数学符号。智力测试只能很粗地衡量孩子的学习能力，尤其是学习学校要求的东西的能力。智力测试并不能衡量一个人的个性，社会适应力，耐力性，劳动技能，或艺术才能。人们不认为能做到这些，当初也不是为这些目的设计的。批评智力测试不能做到这一些，就如同批评温度计不能测风速一样。既然对智力的评估是相对而言的，那么我们必须确保，在对我们的对像进行比较时，我们所使用的尺度能提供“有效的”或“公正的”比较。 第3篇 练习时间：年月日耗时：分 目前全国有39所大学开设地理学位课程，但我从未看到广告上有招聘地理专业的大学毕业生的好工作。或是不是只有我一个人怀疑他们将回到学校教另一批学生的地理，而这些学生将来又去教更多的学生的地理？现在只有10所大学开设航天工程学位课程，考虑到飞机制造业一直在裁员的速度，还是这样做好。另一方面，由于缺少医生，全国的医院急诊室不得不纷纷关门。为什么？因为大学的医学院只能为申请攻读学位的一半人提供名额。对我说，来，时机已经成熟，就业部和教育部应当和名大学携手起来，改革我们的教育制度，使之更珍惜地使用学校的人才资源，学生的刻苦勤奋精神。而现在这些人才和努力都浪费在无人感兴趣的文凭和学位上。 第4篇 练习时间：年月日耗时：分 在竞争的法则下，上万人的雇主不得不实行一些最严厉的节约措施，其中节约给工人报酬的那部分占很大一部分。社会为这个法则付出的代价如同为低廉的舒适条件和奢侈品付出的代价一样是巨大的。但带来的好处超过了代价，因为正是这个法则，我们才有了了不起的物质进步，其结果是生活水平的提高。但是，不管这个法则是好是坏，我们无法回避，对任何建议替代它的新东西，其作用我们是不敢肯定的，虽然这个法则有时对个人来说可能很残
汉译英： 1徐霞客一生周游考察了十六个省，足迹几乎遍及全 国。他在考察的过程中，从来不盲目迷信书 本上的结论。他发现前人研究地理的记载有许多很不可靠的地方。为了进行真实细致的考察，他很少乘车坐船，几乎全 靠双脚翻山越岭，长途跋涉；为了弄清大自然的真相，他总是挑选道路艰险的山区，人迹稀少的森林进行考察，发现了许多 奇山秀景；他常常选择不同的时间和季节，多次重游各地名 山，反复观察变换的奇景。 Xu Xiake toured and investigated 16 provinces in his lifetime, covering almost the whole of China/ the whole country. When he was carrying out his investigations, he never took blind belief in the conclusions in the books. Instead he found a lot of unreliable points in the geographic records taken by his predecessors. In order to make his investigations reliable and thorough, he seldom traveled by carriage or boat. Instead, he took long, arduous trips on foot almost all the time, climbing mountains and hills. In order to learn about the truth of nature, he always chose to conduct investigations in mountainous areas with dangerous roads and in lonely / untraveled woods, where he discovered a lot of magnificent peaks and beautiful sights. ( During his life time, Xu Xiake visited and explored 16 provinces, leaving his footprints in nearly every corner of the country. He never blindly accepted the conclusions given in books in his exploration. He found that many of the geographical records by other people before him were inaccurate ( He found many inaccuracies in the travel notes on geography written by his predecessors ) . He seldom traveled by horse cart or boat but climbed mountains and ridges and took long, difficult journeys most of the time
2020届高考文言文翻译训练 一、二人并走 （前秦符融为冀州牧）有姥者逼劫于路，喝贼，路人为逐擒之。①贼反诬路人，时已昏黑，莫知其孰是，乃俱送之。融见而笑曰：“此易知耳，可二人并走，先出凤阳门者非贼。”既而还入，融正色谓后出者曰：“汝真贼也，何诬人乎？”贼遂服罪。②盖以贼若善走，必不被擒，故知不善走者贼也。《晋书·符融传》 二、卧薪尝胆 勾践之围会稽也，喟然叹曰：“吾终于此乎?”种曰：“汤系夏台，文王囚羑里，晋重耳奔翟，齐小白奔莒，其卒王霸。①由是观之，何遽不为福乎?”吴既赦越，越王勾践反国，乃苦身焦思，置胆于坐，坐卧即仰胆，饮食亦尝胆也。曰：“②女志会稽之耻邪?”身自操作，夫人自织，③食不加肉，衣不重采，折节下贤人，厚宾客，赃贫吊死，与百姓同其劳。 三、孟子少时(汉韩婴《韩诗外传》) 孟子少时，东家杀豚，孟子问其母曰：“东家杀豚何为？”①母曰“欲啖汝。”其母自悔而言，曰：“吾怀娠是子，席不正不坐；割不正不食，胎之教也。②今适有知而欺之，是教之不信也。”乃买东家豚肉以食之，明不欺也。 四、小时了了 孔文举年十岁，随父到洛。时李元礼有盛名，为司隶校尉;诣门者、皆俊才清称及中表亲戚乃通。文举至门，谓吏曰：“我是李府君亲。”既通，前坐。元礼问曰：“君与仆有何亲?”对曰：“①昔先君仲尼与君先人伯阳有师资之尊，是仆与君奕世为通好也。”元礼及宾客②莫不奇之。太中大夫陈韪后至，人以其语语之，韪曰：“小时了了，大未必佳。”文举曰：“想君小时，必当了了。”韪大踧踖(cù jí不安)。
五、袁虎少贫 袁虎少贫，①尝为人佣，载运租。谢镇西经船行，其夜清风朗月，闻江诸闲估客船上有咏诗声，甚有情致；所诵五言，又其所未。尝闻，叹美不能已。②即遣委曲讯问，乃是袁自咏其所作咏史诗。因此相要，大相赏得。 六、魏文侯问李克 魏文侯问李克：“吴之所以亡者何也?” 李克对曰：“数战数胜。”文侯曰：“数战数胜，国之福也，①兵以此亡者何也?”李克曰：“数战则民疲，数胜则主骄，以骄主制疲民，此其所以亡也。②是故好战穷兵，未有不亡者也。” 七、枯梧树 邻父有与人邻者，有枯梧树，①其邻之父言梧树之不善也，邻人遽阀之，邻父因请而以为薪。其人不说曰：“邻者若此其险也，岂可为之邻哉！”此有所宥也，夫请以为薪与弗请，此不可以疑枯梧树之善与不善也。 八、攫金者 齐人有欲得金者，①清旦被衣冠，往鬻金者之所，见人操金，攫而夺之。吏搏而束缚之，问曰：“人皆在焉，子攫人之金，何也？”对曰：“殊不见人，徒见金耳！”
1.Our big old house was closely related with the joys and sorrows of four generations. 2.I planted these roses a long, long time ago before your mother was born. 3.Many sons left home to fight against the Fascist Nazi. 4.Take the first friendly greeting and always keep it deep in your heart. 1.He has prepared answers to the questions that he expects to confront during the interview. 2.His sad story touched us so deeply that we nearly cried. 3.The two of them are walking hand in hand along the river bank, chatting, laughing, and looking happy. 4.When he heart the exciting news, tears of joy welled up in his eyes. 5.People from Shanghai can understand Suzhou dialect with ease, for Shanghai dialect and Suzhou dialect have much in common. 6.Henry and his wife are looking into the possibility of buying a new house within three years. 7.He finally gave in to his daughter’s repeated requests to further her education abroad. 8.We locked all our valuables away before we went on holiday. 9.Although we have parted from eah other, I hope that we will remain good friends and that we will care for and help each other just as we did in the past. 10.At that critical moment, the army commander summoned all the officers to work out new strategies and tactics which would make it possible to conquer the enemy. Unit 2 1.A gracious manner adds the greatest splendour to your image. 2.I firmly believed the note my guest sent me didn’t take long to write. 3.The simple phrase “Excuse me.” made most of your irritation disappear. 4.Being on time is a virtue which belongs not only to the past but also to the present. 5.Y ou shouldn’t accept the other person’s presence without thinking of its importance. 6.Good manners produce the same feelings or actions in others. 1.I am sorry I am late; I was at a meeting and couldn’t get away. 2.At the concert whnever a singer finished singing a beautiful song, the audience would burst into loud cheers to show their appreciation. 3.As a stylish dresser, she is always wearing stylish clothes, but she seldom cares about what she eats or drinks. 4.The nurse tells me that the doctors have done wonders for your heart disease. 5.When awarding the prize, the chairman complimented the winner on his great contribution to mankind. 6.This problem has bothered the experts for many years. 7.The crowd of demonstrators melted away when the police arrived. 8.Since punctuality is a good habit, we should pay much attention to it and make great efforts to cultivate this good habit. 9.The old man cherishes that girl, as if she were his own daughter. 10.It is just a routine physical checkup, nothing to get worried about.
假日经济的现象表明：中国消费者的消费观正在发生巨大变化。根据统计数据，中国消费者的消费需求正在从基本生活必需品转向对休闲、舒适和个人发展的需求。同时，中国人的消费观在蓬勃发展的假日经济中正变得成熟。因此产品结构应做相应调整，来适应社会的发展。另一方面，服务质 量要改善以满足人们提高生活质量的要求。 The phenomenon of holiday economy shows that Chinese people’s consumption concept is undertaking great changes. According to statistics, the demands of Chinese consumers are shifting from the basic necessities of life to leisure, comfort and personal development.Meanwhile, Chinese consumption concepts are getting mature along with the thriving holiday economy.Therefore, the structure of products should be adjusted accordingly to adapt to social development. On the other hand, services should be improved to satisfy people’s demand for an improved quality of life. 今晚，我们很高兴在北京大学在此接待我们的老朋友格林博士和夫人。我代表学校的全体师生员工，向格林博士和夫人以及其他新西兰贵宾，表示热烈的欢迎。我相信格林博士这次对我校的访问必将为进一步加强两校的友好合作关系作出重要的贡献。明天贵宾们将要赴南京和上海访问，我预祝大家一路顺风。 It gives us great pleasure to play host tonight to our old friends：Dr. and Mrs. Green in Beijing.On behalf of the faculty, students and staff of the university, I wish to extend our warm welcome to Dr. and Mrs. Green and other distinguished New Zealand guests. I am convinced that Dr. Green’s current visit to our university will surely make an important contribution to further strengthening the friendly relations and cooperation between our two universities.Our distinguished guests will leave for Nanjing and Shanghai tomorrow. I wish you all a pleasant journey. 中国的传统节庆膳食是节日必不可少的伴侣。例如，我国的端午节(the Dragon Boat Festival)是纪念古代诗人屈原的日子。那一天，人们通常要赛龙舟、吃粽子(zongzi)。中秋节是观赏满月的日子。圆圆的月亮象征着圆满，象征着家庭团聚。因此，中秋节的特制食品是一种圆形的月饼。春节是中国的农历新年(the Chinese lunar New Year)，除了常见的肉类、海鲜之外，人们还要按各自的地方习俗烹制传 统食物，如饺子。 Traditional Chinese holiday meals are indispensable to some festivals.For example, the Dragon Boat Festival is a day established in memory of the ancient poet Qu Yuan and people usually hold dragon boat races and eat zongzi, or rice dumpling on that day.The Mid-autumn Festival is an occasion for viewing the full moon. The round moon is a symbol of completeness and family reunion. The special food of the day is yuebing, a round cake known as the mooncake.The Spring Festival is the Chinese lunar New Year’s holiday. Besides the popular meat and seafood, people cook traditional food, for example, Jiaozi, according to regional customs. 端午节，又叫龙舟节，是为了纪念爱国诗人屈原。屈原是一位忠诚和受人敬仰的大臣（minister）,他给国家带来了和平和繁荣。但最后因为受到诽谤（vilify）而最终投河自尽。人们撑船到他自尽的地方，抛下粽子，希望鱼儿吃粽子，不要吃屈原的身躯。几千年来，端午节的特色在于吃粽子（glutinous dumplings）和赛龙舟，尤其是在一些河湖密布的南方省份。 The Duanwu Festival, also called the Dragon Boat Festival, is to commemorate the patriotic poet Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan was a loyal and highly esteemed minister, who brought peace and prosperity to the state but ended up drowning himself in a river as a result of being vilified. People got to the spot by boat and cast glutinous dumplings into the water, hoping that the fishes ate the dumplings instead of Qu Yuan’s body. For thousands of years, the festival has been marked by glutinous dumplings and dragon boat races, especially in the southern provinces where there are many rivers and lakes.
1.在中国，喝茶是一种仪式（ritual），一种精致品味（refined taste）的展示。人们在饮茶 的同时，也领略着（take delight in）品茶的情趣之意。喝茶聊天是中国人中最流行的打发时间的方式。过去，他们是以进有名的茶馆（teahouse）而开始一天的生活的。中国的茶馆相当于法国的咖啡馆和英国的酒馆。人们到这里不仅是为了喝茶，也是为了议论当地的新闻或对政治话题进行激烈的（furious）争论。 2.在中国，中小学教育需要花费12年的时间来完成，分为小学、初中和高中三个阶段。 小学教育持续5年或6年。在初中阶段，大多数学生上3年制初中，极少数上4年制。 几乎98%的学生在前一种学校入学。在小学和初中的9年教育属于义务教育。普通高中教育持续3年时间，在整个义务教育阶段，学生要求在每学期末参加期末考试。 3.旅游业是最近二十年来在世界各地迅速发展的一个经济部门，现在正引起中国公众愈来 愈大的注意。许多人给报社写信，就促进中国的旅游业的发展提出了种种建议。人们的看法是，发展旅游业将有助于促进中国人民和其他国家人们之间的相互了解，增进友谊，并将有利于文化、科学、技术方面的交流，还会有助于为中国的伟大事业积累资金。 4.剪纸（paper cutting）是中国最为流行的民间艺术形式之一。中国剪纸有一千五百多年的 历史，在明朝和清朝时期（the Ming and Qing Dynasties）特别流行。人们常用剪纸美化居家环境，特别是在春节和婚庆期间，剪纸被用来装饰门窗和房间，以增加喜庆的气氛。 剪纸最常用的颜色是红色，象征健康和兴旺。中国剪纸在世界各地很受欢迎，经常被用作馈赠外国友人的礼物。 5.过去的七年，中国的房地产（real estate）业经历前所未有的高速增长。对于那些月薪较 低却渴望在大城市拥有一套属于自己的体面、舒适的栖身之所的人来说，高昂的房价是他们无法承受的负担。鉴于这一状况，政府近来采取了一系列的措施来防止房价过快增长，包括提高利率及增加房产税等。目前，这些措施在部分城市已经取得了初步的成效。 6.如今，越来越多的大学生抱怨很难找到好工作。造成这一现象的原因如下：首先，大学 生把在校的大多数时间都用在了专业学科学习上，只有当他们开始找工作的时候，才意识到自己缺乏必要的职业培训。其次，大学生之间的竞争也越来越激烈，这导致任何一名大学生找到工作的机会都变小了。因此，强烈建议大学生在课余时间做一兼职工作，以积累相关的工作经验。 7. 旅游业是现代发展最快的产业之一。的确，旅游业的增长率通常超过全球经济的增长率。旅游业发展成为一个大规模的产业，依靠的是快速廉价的现代化交通工具。例如，国际旅游业发展最快的时期正是航空运输业的发展时期。 旅游业不仅有利于航空公司、旅馆、餐饮、出租车等行业，而且还有利于许多商业机构，甚至有利于旅游商品的制造业。旅游业不是一个单一性行业，而是由向游客提供各种服务的
供稿：山东省阳信第二高级中学单云军251800 文言小文段翻译训练 【学前指导】 文言文翻译的要求是“信、达、雅”。“信”是说要把古人文章的意思“原汁原味”忠实地表达出来；“达”是说翻译出来后事理要通达，表述要晓畅；“雅”是说要把古人作文、说话的“妙处”表现出来。对于高考文言翻译，特别强调“直译”。直译就是忠实于原文的内容和文章的意韵，用现代汉语字字落实、句句落实到译文中去，表达的方式和风格也要同原文保持一致。为强化对此法的要求，便于记忆，可熟记这段顺口溜：文言翻译重直译，字字句句要落实；各类名词可照抄，古义现代词语替；被动省略补清楚，倒装成分把位移；遇到虚词想周详，把准语气要流利。 如果从操作层次讲，文言文翻译还可用这几个词来概括其方法： 留：人名、地名、职称、物称、年号等，照搬不译。 替：找出最恰当的现代汉语词语替换古义词。 移：调整倒装的语序，如宾语前置、状语后置、定语后置、主谓倒装等。 补：补出省略句中省去的部分。 删：删去不需译、不能译的个别词语，如发语词等。 猜：对多义实词在文中的准确义项，尤其是未曾露面的某一个词的意义，需要根据上下文合理猜测。 【实战演练】（特别注意加点的词） 一、阅读下列短文，翻译划线句子。 鹬蚌相争 赵且．伐燕。苏代为燕谓惠王曰：“今者臣来过易水，蚌方．出曝而鹬啄其肉，蚌合而钳其喙。鹬曰：‘今日不雨，明日不雨，即有死蚌。’蚌亦谓鹬曰：‘今日不出，明日不出，即有死鹬。’①两者不肯相舍．，渔者得而并禽 ．．之。②今赵且伐燕，燕赵久相支，以弊大众，臣恐强秦之为渔父也。③故愿王之熟．计之也！”惠王曰：“善。”乃止。 翻译：①＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ②＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ③＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿二、阅读下列短文，翻译划线句子。 孟子谓齐王曰：“王之臣有托其妻子 ．．于其友而之．楚游者，比．其反．也，则冻馁其妻子，则如之何？”王曰：“弃．之。”曰：“士师①不能治士，则如之何？”王曰：“已之②。”曰：“四境之内不治，则如之何？”王顾左右而言他。 注：①士师：古代的司法官。②已之：已，停止。“已之”是使动用法句式，使他停职，也就是把他撤职。 翻译： ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
Unit 1 1. 他相当足球明星的梦想随着时间的推移慢慢消退了。 His dream of becoming a football star faded out as time went by. 2. 一架波音747 飞机没有升到足够的高度以飞越那座高山，转瞬间一头撞向大山爆炸了。机上无人生还。 A Boeing 747 aircraft didn 't gain enough height to clear the mountain. In a twinkling, it crashed into the mountain and blew up. No one survived the accident. 3. 学生们可以很容易地获得图书馆的资源，所以他们应该充分地利用好图书馆。Students have easy access to the resources in the library, so they are supposed to make the best of it. 4. 当时世界上最豪华的游轮泰坦尼克号在她前往美国的途中撞到了冰山，结果轮船沉没在大西洋中，成百上千的人死于这场海难。 Titanic, the most luxurious ship in the world at that time , hit an iceberg when she was under way to the US. Consequently, the ship sank into the Atlantic Ocean and thousands of people died in this shipwreck. 5. 每天夏天，游客们都涌向这一著名的海滩。来此享受日光浴的游客像沙丁鱼一样挤满了海滩。 Every summer, all the tourists pour into this famous beach. They lie packed like sardines on the beach to enjoy the sunbathing. 6. 他们曾经到圣路易斯去过一次，对于哪里的新奇事物稍微知道一个大概，可是现在他们的光荣时代已经成过去了。他们从此自知没趣，再也不说话了，而且每逢这个毫不留情的机匠走过来的时候，他们就知道赶快躲开。 The have been to St. Louis once and have a vague general knowledge of its wonders, but the day of their glory is over now. They lapse into humble silence and learn to disappear when the ruthless engineer approaches. Unit 2 1. 有些网络专家认为因特网可以防止战争、减少污染，还能克服种种形式的不平等。Some cyber gurus claim that the Internet will prevent wars, reduce pollution, and combat various forms of inequality. 2. 不可否认，因特网可以增进交流，但他却无法消除战争，因为战争的爆发并不仅仅是由于不同种族间缺乏充分理解而引起的。 Although the Internet undeniably fosters communication, it will not put an end to war, since wars are by no means caused simply by the failure of different peoples to understand each other adequately. 3. 只有当网上的活动能够真正取代现实世界中的行为时，因特网才能帮助节约能源，减少污染。 The Internet can help reduce energy consumption and pollution only if doing things online genuinely displaces real-world activities. 4. 穷人不用因特网并不是因为他们买不起，而是因为他们缺乏必要的技能来有效地利用它，所以提高老百姓的文化水平要比给他们提供上网机会更有意义。 The poor are not shunning the Internet because they cannot afford it. The problem is that they lack the skills to exploit it effectively. Therefore, it makes more sense to aim for universal literacy than universal Internet access.