Section ⅢGrammar——简单句、并列句和
主从复合句
①We know that being a teenager is sometimes difficult.
②If your problem is a new one，write a post about it.
③You can look through these articles to find advice on your problem.
④It is likely that the matter has already been discussed on our forum.
⑤Our website has many articles about teenagers’ physical and mental health.
⑥Shall I send the book to you，or will you come to get it?
⑦The little girl who you saw yesterday is my cousin.
⑧Users are encouraged to post their problems，and they will get some advice from our experts and other forum users.
⑨I have travelled to many places，but I still want to visit more.
【自主发现】
1.简单句：③⑤
2.并列句：⑥⑧⑨
3.主从复合句：①②④⑦；句①中含有宾语从句；句④中含有主语从句；句②中含有状语从句；句⑦中含有定语从句
一、简单句(simple sentences)
1.概念：简单句是由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)构成的句子。
2.分类
(1)一个主语＋一个谓语
She│enjoyed collecting stamps.
她喜欢收集邮票。
(2)并列主语＋一个谓语
Lucy and Lily│like working there.
露西和莉莉都喜欢在那儿工作。
(3)一个主语＋并列谓语
She│opened the door and entered the room.
她打开门，进入房间。
(4)并列主语＋并列谓语
Li Hua and Wang Lin│like drawing and often draw pictures for the wall newspapers.
李华和王林喜欢画画，经常为墙报画画。
翻译句子并写出其句型
①那个可怜人跌倒死了。
The__poor__man__fell__down__and__died.一个主语＋并列谓语
②我的父母今天很累。
Both__of__my__parents__are__very__tired__today.一个主语＋一个谓语
③她和我们一起唱了一首英文歌曲。
She__and__we__sang__an__English__song__together.并列主语＋一个谓语
④你们的贡献将会使得这次活动获得巨大成功。
Your__contribution__will__certainly__make__the__event__a__huge__success.一个主语＋一个谓语
二、并列句(compound sentences)
由并列连词连接的两个或两个以上的简单句构成。常见连接词有and，but，or，so，for等。
I offered her my programme，and she accepted it at last.
我给她提供了我的方案，她最终接受了。
She looks very young，but she is already in her 30’s.
她看上去很年轻，可是她已三十多岁了。
Hurry up or you’ll be late.快点，否则你要迟到了。
I’d better take an umbrella，for it is going to rain.
我最好带把伞，因为天要下雨了。
[名师指津]除了and，but，or，so，for连接并列句之外，还需要会使用两种特殊的并列句。
1.祈使句＋and＋一般将来时的句子：表示“如果……就……”。
Study hard，and you are sure to have a good result in the exam.
＝If you study hard，you are sure to have a good result in the exam.
努力学习，你一定能在考试中取得好成绩。
2.祈使句＋or＋一般将来时的句子：表示“如果不……就……”。
Be quick，or we’ll be late for class.
＝If you are not quick，we’ll be late for class.
快点，否则我们上课要迟到了。
选词填空：and，but，or，so，for
①I’d like to go with you，and I’m not busy.
②I can’t tell my cousin’s appearance，for I have never seen her.
③Don’t run in the classroom，or you may hurt yourself.
④Surfing the Internet is fun，but it’s also a time waster.
⑤A snake bit him so he went to see a doctor at once.
⑥Come a little earlier next time，or you’ll miss the best part of the TV play.
三、主从复合句(complex sentences)
主从复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。主句为句子的主体部分；从句无法独立，可以充当句子的主语、表语、宾语、定语和状语以及同位语。
(一)形容词性从句
形容词性从句就像一个形容词来修饰一个名词或代词。形容词性从句又称为定语
从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。引导定语从句的关系词既起连接作用，又在定语从句中充当成分。
关系词为关系代词(that，which，who，whom，whose)和关系副词(when，where，why)。
The car that/which I saw this morning is my teacher’s.
我今天早上看到的那辆车是我老师的。
The professor who/whom you are waiting for has come.
你正在等的教授已经来了。
He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
他有一个爸爸当医生的朋友。
The day when Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest.
纳尔逊·曼德拉帮助我的那一天是我一生中最快乐的日子之一。
The school where I studied for only two years was three kilometers away.
我曾在那里学习仅两年的学校离家有三公里远。
选词填空：that，who，whom，where，whose
①The thing that you must do is to have a meal.
②Do you know the girl who is crying?
③This is the artist whose paintings are known all over the world.
④Didn’t you see the man whom I talked with just now?
⑤The company where his uncle works is the largest one in this city.
(二)副词性从句
副词性从句就像副词一样用来修饰谓语动词或整个句子。副词性从句又称为状语从句。通常由从属连词引导。状语从句根据表达意思分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等。
1.时间状语从句的引导词：when，as，while，as soon as，before，after，since，till，until，every time，the moment等
When I got home，my family were already having dinner.
我到家的时候，全家正在吃晚饭。
He looked behind from time to time as he went.
他一边走，一边不时地往后看。
I didn’t leave until she came back.
直到她回来，我才离开。
The moment I see him，I’ll tell him about it.
我一看见他，我就会告诉他这件事。
2.地点状语从句的引导词：where，wherever等
Wuhan lies where the Yangtze River and the Han River meet.
武汉位于长江和汉江交汇处。
You’d better make a mark where you have any questions.
哪儿有问题，你最好在哪儿做个记号。
3.原因状语从句的引导词：because，since，as，now that等
Because he did not obey the rules，he was punished.
由于他不遵守规章制度，他受到了处罚。
4.目的状语从句的引导词：so that，in order that等
Let’s take the front seats so that we may see more clearly.
我们坐前排吧，这样我们可以看得更清楚些。
In order that everyone present might hear her clearly，she raised her voice again.
为了使在场的每个人都能听清楚，她再次提高了声音。
5.结果状语从句的引导词：so that，so...that，such...that等
I didn’t plan the work well，so that I didn’t finish it in time.
我没把工作计划好，结果没按时完成。
He made so inspiring a speech that everybody got excited.
他发表了如此鼓舞人的演讲以至于大家都很激动。
Jenny is such a clever girl that all of us like her very much.詹妮是一个如此聪明的女孩，以至于我们都非常喜欢她。
6.条件状语从句的常用引导词：if，unless，as/so long as等
If you ask him，he will help you.
如果你向他请求，他会帮助你的。
They will go tomorrow unless it rains.
除非明天下雨，否则他们会去的。
As/So long as we don’t lose heart，we’ll find a way to overcome the difficulty.
只要我们不灰心，我们就能找到克服困难的方法。
7.让步状语从句的常用引导词：though/although/while，even if/though，no matter what/how/where...，whatever/however/wherever...
Although/Though/While he is young，he is very clever.
尽管他很年轻，但很聪明。
We won’t lose heart even if/though we fail ten times.
我们就是失败十次也不泄气。
8.比较状语从句的常用引导词：as(同级比较)，than(不同程度的比较)
The result was not as good as I had expected.
结果不如我预料的那么好。
He is taller than his father by two inches.
他比他爸爸高两英寸。
9.方式状语从句的常用引导词：as，as if/though
Please do as you are told.
请按照人家告诉你的去做。
The boy plays the piano as though he has a natural ear for music.
这孩子弹起钢琴来好像天生很懂音乐似的。
同义句转换
①He rushed home the moment he got the good news.
→He rushed home as__soon__as he got the good news.
②She is such a kind girl that we like her very much.
→She is so kind that we like her very much.
③They hurried so that they might not miss the train.
→They hurried in order not__to__miss__the__train.
④I won’t let you in unless you show me your pass.
→I won’t let you in if you__don’t__show__me__your__pass.
⑤Weather permitting，w e’ll go camping.
→If weather__permits
，we’ll go camping.
(三)名词性从句
名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句，且都不能用逗号与主句分开。名词性从句引导词主要有三类：
引导词作用
从属连词：that，if/whether，as if，because等that无词义，也不在从句中作任何成分，有时可省略
whether，if，as if，because等有词义，但在从句中不作成分
连接代词：who，whose，whom，what，which等都有词义且在从句中作主语、表语、宾语、定语等成分
连接副词：when，
where，why，how等
都有词义且在从句中作状语
He told me (that) he would go to college the next year.
他告诉我他明年上大学。
Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.
没有人知道他是否会通过考试。
When the plane is to take off has not been announced.
飞机何时起飞还没有宣布。
This is because he missed the train.
这是因为他没赶上火车。
Where the manager had put the files troubled Mary.
经理把文件放在哪儿这事让玛丽很苦恼。
请判断下列各句中的黑体词引导的是哪一类名词性从句
①Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question.主语从句
②The whole truth came out at last that he was a wolf in sheep’s clothing.同位语从句
③He was sent to the hospital.That’s because he was ill.表语从句
④We must never think that we are good in everything while others are good in nothing.宾语从句
Ⅰ.请用合适的连词或关系副词把每组句子合并为一个句子
1.He was tired.He went to bed.
→He was tired，so he went to bed.
2.The child hid behind his mother’s skirt.He was afraid of the dog.
→The child hid behind his mother’s skirt，for he was afraid of the dog.
3.He made a promise.He didn’t keep it.
→He made a promise，but he didn’t keep it.
4.He has found out.She was late.
→He has found out why she was late.
5.I still remember the day.I first went to York on that day.
→I still remember the day when I first went to York.
6.He didn’t come yesterday.He was ill.
→He didn’t come yesterday because he was ill.
7.We’ll go to the Great Wall.It’s fine tomorrow.
→We’ll go to the Great Wall if it’s fine tomorrow.
Ⅱ.利用状语从句和宾语从句补全下面的倡议书
Dear friends，
It is common that some students would eat snacks instead of meals
1.when__it__is__mealtime(当吃饭的时候).Now I suggest
2.that__you__form__a__healthy__eating__habit(你养成一个健康的饮食习惯).
For us students，eating healthy food is of great importance 3.because__we__need__enough__energy (因为我们需要足够的能量)to keep our body functioning well.You will be ill and unhealthy 4.unless__you__eat__healthy__food__regularly(除非你经常吃健康的食物).Let’s have a healthy diet from now on.5.As__long__as__you__follow__my__advice(只要
你们听从我的建议)，you will grow up healthily and happily.
Yours，
Li Hua
Ⅲ.语法填空
V oyages of people from England play 1.____________ important part in spreading English 2.____________ is frequently spoken as an official or common language in many countries.All based on British English，the English 3.____________ (speak) in those countries can be well understood by native English speakers.4.____________ (actual) these Englishes have been gradually changing in accents，spellings，5.____________ (express) and the usages of vocabulary.Because 6.____________ this fact，you can make use of the differences 7.____________ (tell) which country the foreigners of your block are from.For example，8.____________ a boss fluently commands his driver，“Come up straight to my apartment by elevator and take some gas for my trucks and cabs”，instead of 9.____________ (request)，“Please come to my flat by lift and take some petrol for my lorries and taxis”，you can recognize his American identity，while the latter suggests 10.____________ he is British.
【语篇解读】英语在传播过程中在发音、词汇、拼写等方面都发生了一些细微的变化，我们可以根据这些语言差异辨别人们的国籍。
1.an[考查固定短语。固定短语play an important part in...意为“在……中起着重要作用”，不定冠词an修饰part，所以要填an。]
2.which/that[考查定语从句。本题定语从句的先行词是English，关系代词which/that指代先行词，引导定语从句并在句中作主语。所以要填which/that。]
3.spoken[考查非谓语动词。名词the English与动词speak构成被动关系，要用过去分词短语作定语修饰the English，所以要填过去分词spoken。]
4.Actually[考查副词。本句中使用副词修饰整个句子，所以要填Actually。]
5.expressions[考查名词。句中应该使用express的名词形式与accent，spelling
构成并列关系，所以要填expressions。]
6.of[考查介词短语。介词短语because of后面要跟名词或代词或动名词作宾语，连词because后面要跟句子表示原因。本句中this fact的前面要用because of。所以要填介词of。]
7.to tell[考查不定式。句子不定式作目的状语说明人们利用语言的差异的目的，所以要填to tell。]
8.if[考查连词。此处引导条件状语从句，所以要填if。]
9.requesting[考查动名词。本句instead of的后面要接名词、代词或动名词作宾语，所以要填动名词形式requesting。]
10.that[考查宾语从句连接词。he is British作suggest的宾语，所以要填that。]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Hard work really does pay off.Scientists find that perseverance (坚持不懈) leads to better grades and higher achievements in school.
“Being passionate (热情的) is not enough to ensure academic success，”says researchers，who thought of “courage” as a key to succes s.This is also regarded as effort in reaching long-term goals，and determination to continue one’s efforts in spite of hardships.
Researchers think that the finding could help create new training to help children develop the skill and help ensure their future success.
Researchers from the Academy of Finland studied more than 2，000 students from Helsinki.They were followed through their academic career from 12 to 16，the sixth grade until the ninth grade in local school years.Researchers found that the factor that best predicts courage was related to goals，with previous academic achievements playing no role in developing the skill.
Professor Katariina Salmela-Aro，who led the study，said，“Courage means a young person is really interested in his or her studies and does not give up easily.A key element of courage is high perseverance when facing difficulties and hardships.The important finding is that these factors are the key to success and well-being.Our study shows the power of courage.”
Professor Salmela-Aro also thinks it is important to develop new practices and qualities to improve courage in teenagers.She added，“Young people should see everyday school work as part of their life in a broader context and establish achievable goals for themselves.Schools must also serve as a place where it is safe to fail and learn to deal with setbacks.One must not be discouraged by setbacks，but draw strength and new energy from them!
【语篇解读】本文介绍了一项新的研究——勇气是获得成功至关重要的因素，这项研究鼓励学校培养青少年学生要有敢于面对困难，持之以恒实现目标的勇气。
1.What can we learn about the research?
A.It takes at least three years.
B.It helps students make progress.
C.It makes many discoveries.
D.It follows 2，000 students abroad.
答案A[细节理解题。根据第四段中的They were followed through...until the ninth grade in local school years.可知，研究人员密切跟踪参与研究的学生从6年级一直到9年级，总共研究了近4年的时间，因此选项A正确。故选A。]
2.What should students do according to the researchers?
A.Focus on former grades.
B.Achieve their goals.
C.Try all their best.
D.Forget sadness.
答案C[推理判断题。根据第二段中的This is also regarded as...in spite of hardships.可知，研究人员认为尽管有困难，学生们应该有勇气，有决心继续努力学习。因此，我们可以得知研究人员认为学生们应尽最大努力去尝试。故选C。]
3.What does the underlined word “setbacks” in Paragraph 6 mean?
A.Strengths.
B.Difficulties.
C.Weaknesses.
D.Efforts.
答案B[词义猜测题。根据前文，尤其是第五段中的A key element of courage is high perseverance when facing difficulties and hardships.一句可知，学生们要有勇气，有决心克服困难。结合本句句意，其中的setbacks与选项difficulties意义相近。故选B。]
4.Which is the text probably taken from?
A.A picture book.
B.A literature book.
C.A geography textbook.
D.An educational magazine.
答案D[推理判断题。本文介绍了一项新的研究——勇气是获得成功至关重要的因素，这项研究鼓励学校培养青少年学生要有敢于面对困难，持之以恒实现目标的勇气。本文应该是关于教育的。因此选项D正确。]
B
Mistakes are a part of life.To err is human.Failure is also a part of life，not the end of life.Be happy facing life’s challenges.When you make the effort to be happy and to improve your life，you are actually rewarded along the way.
Life is like a game and maybe you can award (奖励) points for every effort that has been a success for you.Try it.Add ten points for every achievement.And when you have reached 50 points，just yell，“Hey，I’ve won！” and give yourself a reward.If you happen to have missed your points for whatever reason，tell yourself，“Well，I
tried！”which is better than not trying at all.Don’t let it be said that you didn’t try. What is it that you want to make yourself happy? Actually happiness means different things to different people.For example，an athlete will be happy winning his first race.For a new mother happiness would be seeing her baby’s first steps.Happiness for a poor person would mean having a meal just for today.So happiness for you is really something simple that you want for yourself.
It really doesn’t have to be big.As a matter of fact，you should always have realistic expectations.Make the best out of every given situation.If you expect a certain result from a situation and it does not happen，don’t get despondent.This just means trying harder next time.We all have in us the power to succeed.Don’t let “give up” be a part of your vocabulary.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇充满哲理的小品文。人们在面对失败和痛苦时，应该采取积极乐观的态度。作者告诫人们要知道“人非圣贤，孰能无过”，要坦然面对失败和错误，要学会如何去获得快乐和幸福。
5.By saying “To err is human”，the author means that ________.
A.human beings should try to avoid (避免) making mistakes
B.no one is perfect (完美的) and everyone makes mistakes
C.mistakes and failures make up our life
D.human beings make mistakes easily
答案B[细节理解题。根据文章第一句话Mistakes are a part of life.可知，错误是人生的一部分。由此可知，作者说“人非圣贤，孰能无过”，意思是没有人是完美的，每个人都会犯错。故选B。]
6.What’s the main idea of Paragraph 2?
A.Try to reach 50 points.
B.Never stop trying in your life.
C.Award yourself for your success.
D.Don’t be afraid of missing your points.
答案C[主旨大意题。根据第二段第一句及在本段中作者建议人们取得成就的时候要给自己奖励，没能实现目标时要安慰自己“至少努力过了”。由此可知，本段主要想告诉人们为所取得的成功奖励自己。]
7.The author proves his idea in Paragraph 3 through ________.
A.examples
B.numbers
C.experiments
D.stories
答案A[推理判断题。作者首先提出本段中心，然后举例说明。由此判断，作者在本段使用了例证的方法。故选A。]
8.The underlined word “despondent” in the last paragraph means ________.
A.frightened
B.disappointed
C.surprised
D.excited
答案B[词义猜测题。根据上下文内容可知，此处作者想告诉人们，不要沮丧，因为这只是意味着下次要更加努力。由此可知，画线词意为“沮丧的，失望的”。故选B。]
C
Other people may have their own ideas about our lives.We can value their advice，but we don’t have to take it to heart.
Our parents have dreams for us.They want us to do well in school and to do whatever is necessary to reach our highest potential (潜力).Later in life，friends may try to set us up with their ideas of the perfect partner or the perfect job.People close to us may have ideas about how we should live our lives，ideas that usually come from love and the desire for us to be happy.Other times，they come from a place of need within them whether it is a parent who wants us to live out his or her dreams or a friend who wants us to play a good role.Whatever the case，we can appreciate and consider those people’s advice，but ultimately we must follow our own guidance.
There may come a time when all the suggestions can become overbearing (专横的).We may feel that the people we love don’t agree on our judgment，which can hurt
our feelings.It can affect the choices we make for our lives by making us doubt ourselves before we’v e had a chance to decide what we want.We can tell our loved ones how much we appreciate their thoughts and ideas，but that we need to live our own lives and make our own decisions.We can explain that they need to let us learn from our own experiences.When they see that we are happy with our lives and the path we are taking to reach our goals，they can make sure that all we need them to do is to share in our joy.
【语篇解读】文章主要讲了其他人可能对我们的人生规划有帮助，我们可以考虑他们的建议，但是我们没必要全部放在心上。
9.People close to us often tell us ideas to show their ________.
A.power
B.concern
C.potential
D.happiness
答案B[推理判断题。答案定位在第二段中的People close to us may have ideas...for us to be happy.由此推断出我们身边的人经常告诉我们一些想法，来表达他们的关心，故选B。]
10.When a friend’s advice is overbearing，we may feel ________.
A.determined
B.frightened
C.doubtful
D.grateful
答案C[推理判断题。答案定位在第三段中的There may come a time when...to decide what we want.由此推断出当朋友的建议过于专横时，我们可能会怀疑。故选C。]
11.What should we do if we don’t accept our friends’ advice?
A.Tell them our choices directly.
B.Let them experience our ways of life.
C.Share our own experiences with them.
D.Let them know we should make our own decisions.
答案D[细节理解题。答案定位在最后一段中的We can tell our loved ones...and
make our own decisions.如果我们不接受朋友的建议，我们应该让他们知道我们要自己做决定，故选D。]
12.What is the best title for the text?
A.Appreciating Suggestions
B.Avoiding Making Suggestions
C.Accepting Suggestions
D.Offering Suggestions
答案A[主旨大意题。第一段第二句是全文的主题句，我们可以考虑他们的建议，但是我们没必要全部放在心上。所以这篇文章最好的题目是“欣赏建议”，故选A。]
Ⅱ.七选五
Your teen years are a time to learn about yourself and start thinking about your future.Doing well in school and leading a healthy social and personal life will make you happier and more likely to succeed.__1__.Instead，remember to have fun and live a life you love!
Become a curious reader.Go to your school library and check out books that interest you.It can be anything from poetry to storybooks—just get reading! __2__，ask the librarian for suggestions.
Look ahead to life after you graduate from high school.Think ahead to what you will do in the future，whether th at’s getting a degree，volunteering，or jumping right into the career of your choice.__3__.Just start to think about what you might want to do in the future according to your interests，passions and skills.
Take after-class activities you enjoy.__4__.Whether you’re into film，theatre，pottery，painting，or playing music，you can find classes at your school or courses at local recreation (娱乐) centers.
__5__.To feel a sense of achievement about your school and personal life，set realistic goals for yourself.For example，you might set a goal to achieve all A’s and B’s this term.As for personal goals，you might plan to get really good at shooting 3-point shots
in basketball or learn how to bake bread.
A.Set realistic academic and personal goals
B.But you shouldn’t get too crazy with success
C.Unless you are in a library
D.Don’t worry，as you don’t have to choose a career right now
E.Pay attention and ask questions to further your understanding
F.If you don’t know where to start
G.Make them a chance for you to relax and express yourself
【语篇解读】本文就如何拥有一个有趣的，自己喜欢的的青少年时期，提供了一些建议。
1.B[由instead可知，设空处应该是作者不提倡做的事情，因此我们可以得出选项B符合语境。]
2.F[根据前句可知作者建议开始读书。接下来一句建议向图书管理员征求建议，因此选项F符合语境。]
3.D[根据本段首句Look ahead to life after you graduate from high school.可知，作者建议展望一下未来，接下来一句Just start to think about what you might want to do in the future作者建议只是开始考虑未来你想做什么。由此可知，你现在不必担心将来所选职业，因此选项D符合语境。]
4.G[根据首句Take after-class activities you enjoy.可知，本段中作者建议读者参与到自己喜欢的课后活动中。接下来应该是介绍参加课后活动的好处。因此选项G符合语境。]
5.A[设空处为主题句。根据下文可知，本段中作者建议设定现实的目标。因此选项A符合语境。]
龙文教育学科老师个性化教案 教师学生姓名上课日期 学科英语年级教材版本人教版 学案主题必修一unit 1 课时数量 （全程或具体时间） 第（1）课时授课时段 教学目标 教学内容 必修一unit 1个性化学习问题解决必修一unit 1 教学重点、 难点难点：词汇重点：词汇 教学过程一．词汇 单词用法讲解 survey 调查．测验 add up 合计 upset adj 心烦意乱的；不安的，不适的 ignore不理睬．忽视 have got to 不得不；必须 concern（使）担比：涉及；关系到n 担心；关注．（利害）关系be concerned about 关心．挂念 walk the dog 遇狗 loose adj 松的．松开的 vet 兽医 go through 经历；经受 Amsterdam 阿姆斯特丹（荷兰首都） Netherlands 荷兰（西欧国家）
German 德国的．德国人的.德语的. Nazi 纳粹党人adj 纳粹党的 set down 记下；放下.登记 series 连续，系列 a series of 一连串的．一系列；一套outdoors在户外．在野外 spellbind 迷住；疑惑 purpose 故意 in order to 为了 dusk 黄昏傍晚 at dusk 在黄昏时刻 thunder vi 打雷雷鸣n 雷，雷声 entire adj 整个的；完全的，全部的entirely ady. 完全地.全然地.整个地Power能力.力量．权力。 Face to face 面对面地 Curtain 窗帘；门帘．幕布 dusty adj 积满灰尘的 no longer /not …any longer 不再partner 伙伴．合作者．合伙人 settle 安家.定居.停留vt 使定居.安排.解决suffer vt &遭受；忍受经历
Unit 1 Friendship (Listening and Writing) 整体设计 从容说课 This is the sixth teaching period of this unit. We can first review some important language points the students learned in the last several periods. The emphasis of this period should be laid on listeni ng and writing. They are expansion of the topic of the text. Listening is about Lisa’s problem of making a friend with a boy. She asks Miss Wang for advice. Through listening and exercise, students learn how to give advice and the skill of giving advice. And also let them think about the problem of boy’s making friends with girls and girls with boys. And then design a task to ask students to give advice according to the different problems to develop their ability to solve the problems. All of these lay the foundation for the next task—writing. In this way, students feel that they have information to put out. And writing makes for the improvement of students’ writing ability, strengthening their comprehension of friendship. The two letters, listening and letter writing prepare students to further talk about friendship, especially the problems with misunderstanding, and unfriendliness, thus strengthen students’ abilities to practice language, discover, and solve problems. 教学重点 Develop the students’ listening ability, especially listening to and understanding key words and speakers’ intention and attitude. 教学难点 Develop the students’ writing skills by reading, discussing and writing a letter to give advice on friendship. 教学方法 1. Task-based teaching and learning 2. Cooperative learning 3. Discussion 教具准备 A tape recorder and other normal teaching tools 三维目标 Knowledge aims: 1. Get the students to learn the following new words and useful expressions. teenager get along with fall in love advice questionnaire quiz editor communicate habit 2. Get the students to know how to write a letter to offer advice. Ability aims: 1. Enable the students to listen and understand the listening materials. 2. Enable the students to write a letter to offer advice on friendship. Emotional aims: Develop and improve the students’ ability to help others solve such problems as how to communicate with people, how to make and be good friends, and so on. 教学过程 设计方案（一） →Step 1 Revision
重点高中英语人教版必修1unit4Grammar定语从句
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设计人：马丽娜备课组审核：领导审核： 时间: 班组: 学生姓名: 期数: __________________ 课题必修一Unit 4 The Attributive Clause Learning aims: ★Master the basic concepts of the Attributive Clauses ★Be able to use the relative pronouns correctly ★Develop the sense of group work and cooperative learning Learning important and difficult point: Distinguish the differences among which, that, who, whom, whose clearly Learning methods: Autonomous learning; cooperative learning; presentation 问题导读评价单 Enjoy an English song ①You are the girl whose heart is so silly. ②You are the girl whom we love so really. ③When you go you’ll take all the rain that has watered my heart all the nights. ④I don’t know the reason why you are leaving. ⑤I don’t know the time when you are here. ⑥I don’t forget the river where you often swim and the valley where you often walk. ⑦I can’t forget the house in which you live and the one for whom I am waiting. 译文：你的心地是那么纯洁的姑娘。 你是我真心喜欢的姑娘。 你走了你就带走所有的雨，夜夜浇灌我心田的雨。 我不知道你为什么要离开。 我不知道你什么时候会来。 我不能忘记你游泳的小河和你经常走过的山谷。 我不能忘记你住的房子和我在等的人。 查一查：
《教学设计》基本格式 英语学科高一英语备课组组员（签名）： 一、教学内容（课题） Unit 1 Friendship 二、本课在教材中的地位和作用★★ 1.所在的课程模块：Module one 2.对课标的理解与把握 英语的新课程标准是根据语言学习的规律和义务教育阶段学生的发展需求，从语言技能、语言知识、情感态度、学习策略和文化意识等五方面设计课程总目标和分级目标的。这五个方面相互联系，相辅相成，使英语课程既重视学生的语言基础知识和基本技能，也注重优化学习过程，引导学生形成有效的学习策略和一定的文化意识，培养积极向上的情感态度和价值观。 3.教学内容深度分析 “友谊”自古就是人们的永恒话题之一，本单元的中心话题就是“友谊”，该单元几乎所有的内容都是围绕这一中心话题展开的。
Warming up部分通过一个问卷调查的形式，让学生对于日常生活中朋友之间可能发生的真实问题以及如何解决这些问题有所了解。 Pre-reading部分设计了三个问题，一方面引导学生对“友谊”和“朋友”这两个概念进行思索；另一方面让学生知道友谊不仅仅存在于人与人之间，日记之类的东西也可以成为人们的朋友。 Reading节选了《安妮日记》的一部分，全部内容可分为四大部分： 1.谈论有关朋友的事情； 2.简单介绍安妮的一些情况； 3.为什么安妮把日记当作自己最好的朋友； 4.赏析部分《安妮日记》。 Comprehending部分主要是对课文的细节进行了解，共设计了4种形式的练习。第一部分是连句的形式；第二部分是回答问题的形式；第三、四部分是展开想象。 Learning about Language分两部分： 一是巩固文中的词汇，共设计了四个题型： 1. 对单词的英英解释； 2. 用第一题以及Warming up中的一些单词和短语完成短文； 3. 用Warming up和Reading词的正确形式完成句
人教版精品英语资料（精校版） Section_ⅣGrammar_&_Writing 主谓一致 英语句子的主语和谓语要一致。下面是常见的几种形式： 1．由连词and 或both ... and ...连接的两个主语，其谓语动词一般用复数。 Both Tom and his brother have passed the exam. 汤姆和他弟弟都通过了考试。 [点津] 但是当and连接的两个词或词组表达的是同一个人、物或概念时，谓语动词用单数。如果这两个词都是名词，则第二个名词前不用冠词。 The peasant and writer is making a speech in the meeting room. 那位农民作家正在会议室里发表演讲。 2．两个并列的名词前有each, every, no, many a 等修饰时，谓语动词一般用单数。 Each student and each teacher was given a ticket. 每个学生和老师都发了一张票。 Every man and every woman is at work. 所有男人和女人都在工作。 Many a desk and many a bench is to be taken out of the hall. 许多课桌和凳子将被搬出大厅。 3．集合名词family, class, crowd, team, government, company, group等作主语时，如果强调整体，谓语动词用单数；如果强调个体，谓语动词用复数。 Our class is better than any other class at playing football in our school. 在我们学校，我们班在踢足球方面比其他任何班都好。(强调整体) His family are waiting for him to come back from abroad. 他的家人正在等他回国。(强调个体) 4．当people, police, cattle等词作主语时，谓语动词往往用复数。 The police are searching for the lost child. 警察正在寻找那个失踪的孩子。
Unit 1 Friendship ？ Warming up 1.be good to be good for=do good to be good at 2.following adj. 下面的，下列的 ) the following+n.=the+n.+below ( 形容词修饰名词放在名词之前，介词或者介词短语修饰名词置于其后 ) 3.add v. add...to... add to add up add up to ： addition n.in addition=besides +句子 in addition to +n./doing 同类用法联想： because & because of instead & instead of additional adj. 附加的 additionally adv.“而且，其次” “附加给 ..., 除了 ...还有...” 4.分数 score grade point mark (full marks) 5.until 6.with 和...一起，附带着， 用 without 不... within在...内，不出 ... . write with a pen eat with hands/ spoon/chopsticks/knife and fork He left without saying goodbye.
He left with the water running. 分析： saying 前无名词，则是主语发出 saying 的动作； running 前有 water，因此是 water 发出 running 的动作，而不是句子的主语 he。
Lesson Plan 学科英语赖菲菲2015120101 Background information: Students:40 senior high school students, Grade 1. Lesson duration:45mins Teaching objectives: Knowledge objective: By the end of this lesson, students will be able to use some important words and phrases in the passage, for example, hide, outdoors, go through, on purpose, a series of and so on. Ability objective: By the end of this lesson, students will 1. learn some reading strategies about narration, such as paying attention to time, places and characters, finding out specific information, retelling and the like. 2. learn about the formats of a diary or a letter. Emotion objective: To get the students to realize the importance of friends and friendship. Teaching contents:Unit 1 Reading: Anne’s best friend Teaching aids: PPT, blackboard, chalk Type of the lesson:reading Teaching procedures: Step1: Pre-reading(8mins) 1.Warming-up(1min) Enjoy a piece of music and find out its theme. 2.Divide students into 3 groups and ask them to discuss two questions. Afterwards, choose representatives to show their answers.(3mins) ⑴Do you think friends are important to us? Why do you think so? ⑵Does a friend always have to be a person? What else can be our friend? 3.Go through the text quickly to find out:(1min) ⑴how many parts it contains? ⑵what the different parts are about?
《英语教学与互联网》第五期单元作业——教学设计 （请选择一节课进行设计） 课程名称高一英语 教学主题Frindship 课型课文理解 授课教师 基本信息 性别：女学历：大学本科教龄：0年职称：师范生 教学对象高一学生 学生分析1.学生处于初三升高中的过渡阶段，但是作为外国语言学校的学生，仍然具备较强的词汇和语法基础，口语表达能力以简单时态对话为主。 2.学生对友谊这个主题有亲身经历。 教学目标1.通过多媒体教学手段，提高学习英语的兴趣，帮助学生更高效地获取 信息 2.通过合作的学习方式，让学生学会相互协作的重要性，同时在合作中 交流想法和收获友谊 3.使学生学会直接引语和间接引语之间的转化 教学重点1.一定程度了解《安妮日记》的创作背景，同时很好地理解课文内容 2.掌握直接引语和间接引语 教学难点 1.培养学生运用直接引语和间接引语口头表达的能力 教学资源课堂上使用自制的PPT介绍课内活动内容和形式，PPT内含5张图片，来自百度优课和bing网站，一首音乐来自网易云，思维导图用aspiration 软件提前制作，展示时使用学校的投影仪资源。 教学方法任务型教学法/启发式教学法 教学步骤45分钟的英语课课堂设计： 一．课前：让学生提前看一遍课文，并且自主上网查找日记发生背景
二．课中 1.开课5分钟：播放老友记的主题曲I'll be there for you活跃课堂和引入主题（几句free talk），在这过程中抛出问题What do you think a friend should be like?Does a friend always have to be a person? What else can be your friend?（跟同桌讨论3分钟） 2.学生分享答案，接着老师根据学生的回答引出日记的战争背景，学生介绍，老师补充（5分钟）： 3.课文阅读和理解（10分钟）:把学生分为4个小组进行自主阅读和交流，根据PPT上给出的不完整的思维导图寻找正确信息（导图分支为when,where,who,what,why,how） 4.小组展示导图（10分钟）:每组派一位组员代表上台做口头展示，将填好的图用投影仪投影到屏幕 5.通过句子品读人物心境（情景模拟15分钟）:假设Anne死后，她的diary 活了起来，并被邀请到一个纪录片的访谈中去说出Anne写给她的话，你会怎么说?（直接引语和间接引语的转化） 教师鼓励学生主动尝试，学生可带上小组的导图辅助表达，同时ppt上也会有课文原句的片段。 在这个游戏过程里，教师在黑板上写下学生说的两种引语转化的正确规律（总结），口头纠正学生的错误表达。 教学评价1.通过思维导图的展示检测学生对课文内容的把握 2.通过情景模拟帮助并及时学生对重点句型转化的掌握 3.通过小组合作进行思考，交流，讨论，促进对课文内容的快速把握和锻炼学生的口头表达，快速获取有效信息的能力 总结反思1.利用导图软件勾勒出课文清晰的逻辑，简洁清晰的思路图可以降低课文理解难度，提供学生兴趣 2.在教学资源网站获取实用的图片和课文背景知识 3.音乐和图片的引入调动学生的听觉视觉器官，带动学生尽快进入教学情境，从而诱发学生学习的兴趣
Unit 4 Grammar定语从句（1）---关系代词 lead in ① I can see a boy. ② The boy is readi ng un der the tree. 合并这两个句子：I can see a boy is readi ng un der the tree. 二、定语从句的相关概念 1、复合句：复合句是相对于简单句来说的，简单句是只有一个谓语动词的句 子，而复合句是由两个或两个以上的谓语动词够成的。复合句又分为并列复 合句和主从复合句。并列句是由and, but, or等并列连词来连接的句子。而主 从复合句是由从属连词来连接的句子，包括主从，宾从，表从，定从，状从, 同位语从句等。 Eg: He is a student.(简单句He is a good student so that we all like him.复合句) I hope you will succeed. I think you are right. ①在复合句中作定语，修饰某一个名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 ②先行词：被定语从句修饰的那个名词或代词叫做先行词。 ③关系词：关系词由关系代词和关系副词来引导。 ④句型:可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 Eg: (1) I see a girl who is cryi ng. 't a good man. (2) He who doesn ' t reach the Great Wall isn 3、定从的两个表格： 表一：(关系代词) 表二：（关系副词）
作用代替作用 真题演练 1.The P rize will go to the writer __ s tory shows the most imagi nati on .（2011 全国） A. that B. which C. whose D.who 2.the old small tow n has n arrow streets and small houses_are built close to each other.（2011. 山 东） A. they B. where C. what D.that 3.As a child, Jack studied in a village school, __ is n amed after his gran dfather. （2010,全国卷I） A. which B. where C. what D. that 4.English is a Ianguage shared by several divers culture, each of uses it somewhat differe ntly. （2011,浙江） A. which B. what C. them D. those 5.The professor ______ you are waiting for has come. A. whom B. which C. what D. he 四、定语从句的做题步骤：①先判断是否是定语从句（从定义）【定定从】 ②找先行词（名词或代词） ③明确从句所缺成分（主、宾、表、定或状） ④定关系词（主、宾、表、定一关系代词，状语T关系副词）五、注意事项: （一）只用that不用which的情况①当先行词为不定代词时（somethi ng, some one, anyon等） ②当先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时 ③当先行词前有序数词修饰时 ④当先行词既有人又有物时 ⑤当先行词前有the very, the only, the last, just, no, little, few等时 ⑥当主句是以who, which 开头的疑问句时⑦当主句是there be结构时
课题：M4U1 Grammar---主谓一致(课本P 88-89) 一．研读目标 能理解及掌握主谓一致的情况 （二）语法梳理 谓语动词与主语必须在人称和数上保持一致，这叫_________________。以下是常见的情况：一、语法一致 二、意义一致 例子: ①Water is important to our life. ②My family is very large. His family are watching TV. ③The knife and fork is on the table. ④Not only you but also I am Chinese. ⑤There is an apple and some bananas on the table. 四、就远原则 ⑥The mother as well as her two children is at home. ⑦80% of students __________ Chinese. (be) 80% of the information _________true. (be) 六、⑧___________ 原则
Whether he will help us or not is not clear. 七、复数原则 16). The police are searching for the lost boy. 17). Both eggs and milk are good for our health. A. when is it hungry a lion will attack B. when it is hungry a lion will attack C. when it is hungry will a lion attack D. when is it hungry will a lion attack ( ) 2. It’s not right to ____ the poorer people of the world. A. look up B. look down C. look down on D. look up to ( ) 3. He devoted his life _____ the environment. A. to improve B. to be improving C. to improving D. in improving ( ) 4. Though we spent a lot, we think it _____ because we succeeded in the end. A. worth B. worth being spent C. worthy of D. worthwhile 第二节(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分) Can you tell the time on an analog clock? 56 (hope), you can! It's the only way for you to know the time when 57 (take) exams. However, some high schools in the UK will remove analog clocks 58 exam halls and use digital. 59 instead. The reason is that 60 (teenage) are unable to read the correct time on analog clocks. They are used to seeing the time on the phone, 61 on the computer. Nearly everything they've got is digital. Teachers want their students to feel as 62 (relax) as possible during exams. However, having a 63 (tradition) clock in the room could make students feel stressed out during an exam Many of them might raise their hands to ask 64 time it is. The schools are trying to make everything as easy and straightforward as possible for students
Unit 1 Friendship Warming up 1.be good to be good for=do good to be good at 2.following adj. 下面的，下列的 the following+n.=the+n.+below ( 形容词修饰名词放在名词之前，介词或者介词短语修饰名词置于其后 ) 3.add v. add...to... add to add up add up to addition n.in addition=besides +句子 in addition to +n./doing 同类用法联想： because & because of instead & instead of additional adj. 附加的 additionally adv.“而且，其次” “附加给 ..., 除了 ...还有 ...” 4.分数 score grade point mark (full marks) 5.until 6.with 和...一起，附带着，用 without 不... within在...内，不出 ... E.g. write with a pen eat with hands/ spoon/chopsticks/knife and fork He left without saying goodbye. He left with the water running. 分析： saying 前无名词，则是主语发出 saying 的动作； running 前有 water，因此是 water 发出 running 的动作，而不是句子的主语 he。
单元要点预览 一、短语归纳 1. 做个好朋友to be a good friend 2. 做下列调查make the following survey 3. 合计总分add up the score 4. 得分get points 5. 心烦意乱地来到学校come to school upset 6. 不理睬铃声ignore the bell 7. 使你那个德国朋友平静下来calm down your German friend 8. 关心你朋友be concerned about your friend(s) 9. 松开了get loose 10. 不得不去户外遛狗have got to walk the dog outdoors 11. 帮他期末考试作弊help him cheat in the end-of-term exam 12. 列出理由make a list of reasons / list the reasons 13. 记下一连串的请求set down a series of requests 14. 根据问卷调查according to the questionnaire 15. 根据编辑的忠告according to the editor’s advice
16. 为了分担你的困难in order to share your difficulties / troubles 17. 与老板相爱fall in love with the boss 18. 与我的同桌相处融洽get along / on well with my deskmate 19. 关心青少年be concerned about teenagers 20. 为了和老板面对面地交流in order to communicate with the boss face to face 21. 信任政府trust / believe in the government 22. 经历了太多的战争go through too many wars 23. 相邻的城镇neighboring towns 24. 相邻的国家neighboring countries 二、.词语辨析
高一英语必修一《Unit 1 Friendship》教案 教案【一】 教学准备 教学目标 1、掌握下列词汇和短语: reason, list, share, feelings, netherlands, german, outdoors,crazy, nature, dare, thundering, entirely, power, trust, indoors, go through, hide away, setdown, a series of, on purpose, in order to, face to face, according to. 2、进一步学习有关“朋友”的知识信息，启发学生对朋友和友谊的思考。 3、了解《安妮日记》的背景知识，在感受外国文化的同时，深刻理解安妮日记的内涵，同时提高学生文化意识。 4、训练学生一定的阅读技巧，使他们掌握一些有效的学习策略，从而提高阅读速度和理解的准确性，并养成一定的自主学习能力。 5、培养学生快速阅读的能力、捕捉信息的能力及运用语言进行交际的能力。 6、通过个人活动、小组活动和班级活动等方法，培养学生的合作互助精神，分享英语学习的经验，感受用英语交流的成功和喜悦。 教学重难点 教学重点: 1、了解《安妮日记》的背景知识，在感受外国文化的同时，深刻理解安妮日记的内涵，同时提高学生文化意识。 2、训练学生的阅读技巧，提高学生阅读速度和理解能力。 教学难点: 对所获得的信息进行处理、加工和学习，形成有效的学习策略。
ppt课件 教学过程 ... 板书 uint1 reading anne’s best friend qualities: easy-going ,warm-hearted ,helpful,… questions: skimming summarize discussion: 1> style 2> ideas 教案【二】 教学准备 教学目标 ■to help students learn to express attitudes, agreement & disagreement and certainty■to help students learn to read the text and learn to write diaries in english■to help students better understand “friendship” ■to help students learn to understand and use some important words and expressions■to help students identify examples of direct speech & indirect speech (i): statementsand questions in the text 教学重难点 words upset, ignore, calm, concern, settle, suffer, recover, pack
Unit 4 Part ⅢGrammar Ⅰ.用关系词that, which, who, whom, whose填空 1．The film __________ you are looking forward to seeing will be on tomorrow. 答案：which/that 2．Is there anything ________ you want to buy? 答案：that 3．The girl ________ hair is golden is from England. 答案：whose 4．The man ________ I saw told me to come here. 答案：whom/who 5．He asked about the factories and workers ________ we had just visited. 答案：that 6．The weather turned out to be good，________ was more than we could expect. 答案：which 7．What was that __________ he said? 答案：which 8．Who is the girl ________ is standing under the tree? 答案：that 9．Our school is not the one __________ it used to be. 答案：that 10．The building __________ doors are green is an office building. 答案：whose Ⅱ.单项填空 1．In an hour, we can travel to places ________ would have taken our ancestors days to reach. A．where B．when C．which D．what 解析：定语从句缺少主语，故用关系代词which 引导从句并充当从句的主语。 答案：C 2．Look out! Don't get too close to the house ________ roof is under repair. A．whose B．which C．of which D．that
高一英语同步练习： 必修4 Unit1 Women of achievement 第3课时Grammar 基础练习 本课语法呈现 主谓一致Agreement 知识要点： 在英语的句子中，谓语动词的形式应与主语的人称和数保持一致。如何判定，则要看句子的意思。多数情况下，根据句子的主语形式就能判定，但有的则要看整句的意思，及强调的内容。下面我们就常用的、易混的几种情况作一下解释。 语法一致： 即主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。 一、当主语由and连结时，如果表示同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，此 时and后面的名词无冠词。 如表示不同的人或物时, 谓语动词用复数，此时and后面的名词有冠词。 The worker and writer is from Shanghai. 那个工人兼作家来自上海。 The writer and the worker are coming to our school tomorrow. 那位作家和那位工人明天将来我们学校。（两个人） The League secretary and monitor is asked to make a speech at the meeting. 二、动词不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词常用单数。例 如： 1. Going out for a walk after supper is a good habit.
晚饭后出去散步是一个好习惯。 2. To see is to believe. 眼见为实。 三、不定代词somebody, someone, something, anybody, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing等作主语，谓语动词用单数形式; Eg: Is everyone here? Nothing is to be done. 没有什么要干的事儿了。 四、关系代词who, that, which等在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与 句中先行词的数一致。如： 1）Those who want to go please sign their names here. 2）Anyone who is against this opinion may speak out. 意义一致： 即主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数，但表示单数意义，这时谓语动词用单数形式 一、由集体名词,如group, family, class, government, team, public, enemy, crowd, audience, club, party, crew等作主语时,如果看成一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式,如果看成其中各成员，则用复数形式. 1. His family is very large. 他家是一个大家庭。 2. His family are music lovers. 他的家人都是音乐爱好者 3. The class were jumping for joy.