英语完型填空常用短语
…(money) worth of sth. ……价值……(接数词)
…has a population of………人口数量
是……
…times as big as ……是……几倍大
…times the size of ……是……几倍大
a (great/large/small) number of 许多(接可数名词复数；谓语动词用复数) A (together) with B…A与B一样，……(谓语动词与A一致)
A as well as B…A跟B一样，……(谓语动词与A一致)
A besides B…除了B以外，A……(谓语动词与A一致)
a bit of 一点(接不可数名词)
a bit 一点(接形容词)
a bunch of 一束、一捆
a certain 某一个(接可数名词单数)
a copy of 一份(报纸等)
a couple of 几个、一些、三两个(接可数名词复数)
a crowd of 一群、许多
a developed country (一个)发达国家
a developing country (一个)发展中国家
a diet of healthy foods 一份营养食谱
a fallen tree 一颗倒了的树
a few moment later 一会儿、不久以后
a few pieces of advice 几点建议
a good/great deal of 大量(接不可数名词)
a good/great many 大量(接可数名词复数)
a great deal 许多东西
a group of 一群……
a highly-developed country 高度发达国家
a kind of sth. 一类……
a knife and fork 一副刀叉
a knowledge of 某一学科的知识
a lack of 缺乏
a large quantity of 大量(接可数、不可数名词)
a large/small/great amount of 一些(接不可数名词)
A like B…像B一样，A……(谓语动词与A一致)
a little bit 一点(接形容词)
a little 一点(接形容词)
a loaf of bread 一个面包
a lost life in a desert 鸿沟
a lot more interesting 更有趣
a lot more 许多
a lucky escape 幸运地逃脱
a narrow escape 侥幸逃脱、九死一生
a piece of advice 一条建议
a place of interest 一处名胜
a point of view 一种观点
A rather than
B 与其B，不如A
a series of 一系列的
a source of ……的一个来源
a third ①三个中的一个②三分之一
a total of 总计……(接数词)
a type of 一种
a variety of 一种
a waste of money/time/…浪费(金钱、时间等)
a year and a half 一年半
above all 最重要的是，首先要
according to 根据、依照
achieve one's aim/goal 实现某人的目标
achieve success 取得成功
act a part ①扮演一个角色②假装
act as if 假装(接从句，有虚拟语气)
act the part of sb. 演……的角色
add A to B 把A加到B上
add to 增加到
add up to 总计(无被动形式)
address a/the letter 写信(的地址)
address sth. to sb. 给某人讲……
admit to 承认
advise (that) sb. (should) do 建议某人应该做
某事(虚拟语气)
advise sb. to do 劝说某人去做
afford sb. sth. 为某人承担……
afford sth. to sb. 为某人承担……
afford to do 能够去做
after a time 一段时间后
after a while 不久
after all 毕竟；终究
after that 从这以后(用一般现在时)
agree on 在……达成共识
agree that…同意……(接从句)
agree to do 同意去做
agree to one's plan/suggestion 采纳某人的计划(建议)
agree with one's idea/opinion/analysis 同意某
人的看法(见解)
agree with sb. ①(衣服等)适合某人②与……一致③同意、赞同agree with sb. on that point 在那方面同意某人的意见
ahead of time 事先；提前
aim at ①瞄准②追求、旨在
All but A…除了A以外所有人(谓语动词与all一致，用复数)
all kinds of 各种各样的
all of a sudden 突然(单用)
all over (Europe) 整个(欧洲)
all sorts of 各种各样的
all such 所有这些……(接名词用复数)
all the same 仍然、依然
all the way 全程
all the year round 整年
all through the(night/year/one's life) 整
个……
all…not…不都是……(部分否定)
allow doing/sb. to do 允许(某人)做某事
announce sth. to sb. 向某人宣布……
announce to sb. sth. 向某人宣布……
answer for 为……负责任
anyone who = whoever 任何人(引导主语从句)
apart from 除……外还……
appear to do 好像……
apply for 申请
apply one's minds to 专心于
appreciate doing 感激做……
as a matter of fact 实际上
as a result of 由于……
as if 似乎、好像(引导方式状语从句)
as long as 只要(引导条件状语从句)
as one body 像一个人一样
as soon as is necessary 如果可能的话尽快……
as soon as 一……就……(引导时间状语从句)
as though 似乎、好像
as well as ①和……一样②与……一样好
as well 也；一样
ask (that) sb. (should) do 要求某人应该做某事(虚拟语气) ask for a leave 请假
ask sb. for advice 取得某人的建议
ask some questions of sb. 向某人提问(书面语)
at a distance 有一些距离、在远处
at a great depth 在很深处
at a loss 不知所措、困惑不解
at a low/high price 价格低(高)
at a low/high speed 速度很慢/快地……
at a mouthful 一口、满口
at a safe speed 以安全速度行驶
at a speed of 以……的速度行驶
at a time 一次；有时、曾经
at first blush 一瞥
at full speed 全速前进
at least 至少、最少
at least…if not more 如果不是更多，至少也……
at most 最多、至多
at one time 曾经、以前
at present 现在
at that very moment 就在那个时候
at the ball 在舞会上
at the beginning of 在……的开始
at the bottom of 在……的底部
at the cost of 以……为代价
at the crossing 在十字路口
at the invitation of sb. 应某人邀请
at the latest 最迟、最晚
at the most 最多
at the price of 以……为代价
at the risk of 冒着……的危险
at the same time 同时
at the sight of 看见
at the speed of 以……的速度
at the thought of 当……想到
at the top of the voice 用最高的声音
attempt to do 尝试去做、企图去做
attend to sth. 注意；对……关注
attitude to/towards sth. 对……的态度
attract one's attention 吸引某人注意力
back and forth 来来往往地、(前后)来回地
bark at (狗)向……叫
be (good) value for money ……值钱
be able to do 能够……、有能力……
be about to do when 就要做某事时，突
然……
be about to do 准备做……(不接时间状语，表示将来) be absent from 不在、缺席
be absorbed in 沉迷于……、迷恋于……
be active in 在……活跃
be admitted into universities 被大学录取
be afraid of doing 担心某事会发生
be afraid of sth./sb. 害怕某人(物)
be afraid that…恐怕……
be afraid to do 不敢去做
be after sth./sb. 找……
be along with 和……一起
be an expert on/in/at sth. 在……是专家
be angry at sth. 对某事感到生气
be angry with sb./sth. 对某人(物)感到生气
be anxious about 为……感到焦虑
be anxious for sth. 急切地要……
be anxious to do 急切去做……
be ashamed of 感到羞耻、惭愧
be at breakfast/lunch/supper 在吃早/午/晚饭
be at the same level 在同一水平上
be aware of sth. 知道
be away from 离……远
be based on 以……为基础、以……为根据
be better off 境况好
be blind in one eye 一只眼睛失明、独眼龙
be blind to 对……视而不见
be busy doing 忙着……
be busy with 忙着……
be careful 小心
be caught in 被困住
be concerned about 关心
be connected with ……与……有联系
be content to do 甘愿做某事、愿意做某事
be content with 对……满足
be crowded with 挤满了
be dangerous ……(对……)构成威胁、是危险的
be deaf to 对……听而不闻、充耳不闻
be disappointed in sth. 对某事(物)失望
be disappointed with sb./sth. 对……失望
be doing when 正要做某事时，突然……
be doing 表达某种语气、感情，如喜爱、赞美、厌恶、痛恨、批判等be done away with 结束、结果
be dressed in 穿……
be due to do 预计……会怎样
be due to sth. 由于、应归于
be dying for 渴望
be dying to do 急切去做……
be eager to do 盼望去做……
be engaged in 忙于、致力于
be engaged to 与……订婚
be equal to 与……相等
be expert in/at doing 擅长于……
be famous as 作为……而出名
be famous for 因为……而出名
be famous to sb. 在……中出名
be favourable to 有助于、有利于
be fit for sth. 适合……
be fond of 爱好……
be friendly/kind/polite to sb. 对某人友好
be going to do 即将做……
be gone ……不见了
be good on sb. 对某人好
be hard on sb. 对某人苛刻、为难某人
be harmful to 对……有害
be honoured for sth. ……因为……受尊敬
be in (the) majority 占大多数，处于多数
be in business 营业
be in danger 处于危险之中
be in darkness 在黑暗之中(无光，用于指状态)
be in disorder 没有秩序、乱
be in earnest 急迫、急切
be in good order 有秩序、整洁
be in great need 最需要
be in hospital 住院
be in low/high spirits 情绪低落/高昂
be in poor health 身体不好
be in/under one's charge 受某人管
be in/under the charge of sb. 受某人管
be introduced into ……被引进
be joined to 与……连接
be keen on 喜欢
be kind for sb. to do sth. 某人做某事(对人)有好处
be kind of sb. 某人好
be known for 因为……而出名
be known to sb. 在……中出名
be lacking in 缺乏
be longing for 盼望去做……
be longing to do 盼望去做……
be lost ……不见了
be lost in sight 看不见
be lost in thought 陷入沉思
be made from 由……(加工)制成
be made into 制成、加工成
be made of 由……(直接)制成
be made up of ……由……组成
be marked with 被标上
be measured in 以……来衡量
be missing ……不见了
be mixed with sth. 用……混合
be not in agreement ……是不同的
be nothing more than 只不过是
be of different
sizes/colours/weights/ages/shapes 尺寸/颜色/
重量/年龄/形状不同
be of great/no help/value/importance/use to sb. 对某人(没)有很大(帮助等) be of the same kind 同一类
be of the same size/colour/weight/age/shape
尺寸/颜色/重量/年龄/形状相同
be of this kind 属于这一类
be off 离开
be on a visit from sp. 从某地来访问
be on a visit to sp. 正游览、参观某地
be on business 因公(办事等)
be on diet 节食
be on duty 值日、上班
be on fire 着火
be on holiday/vacation 在度假
be on sale 待售、拍卖
be on show 展览；上映
be on strike 罢工
be on the march 正在游行、正在行军
be out of fashion 过时、不流行
be out of order 没有秩序、乱
be out of reach ①够不着②无能为力
be out of work 失业
be popular among sb. 在……中流行
be popular with sb. 在……中流行
be prepared for 为……作准备(接抽象事物)
be present at (the meeting) 参加(会议)
be proud of 以……自豪
be put to a new use 被用在了新的用途上
be ready for 准备好做……
be ready to do 准备好做……
be recognised as 被认作是
be reduced by 降低了……(接数字、百分数)
be related to 与……有联系
be responsble for 为……负责任
be rich in 在……丰富
be satisfied with 对……满意
be senior to 比……大
be set in 以……为背景
be short of 缺少
be shown into sp. 被带到某地
be spun into thread 被纺成线
be strict in sth. 对某事严格要求
be strict with sb. 对某人严格要求
be successful in doing sth. 做……成功be suitable for 适合
Be sure(certain) to do…确信做某事(祈使句)
be tired from sth./doing (身体上)劳累、疲劳
be tired of sth./doing 厌倦……
be tired out 筋疲力尽
be to blame (应该)受责备
be to do 准备做……
be trapped by (the fire) 被(火)围困
be treated as 把……当作……对待
be under construction 建设中
be unwilling to do 不愿去做
be up to ①高达、达到②达到境界、进入角色③从事、忙于be well received 接受效果好、广泛接受
be willing to do 盼望去做……
be worried about 为……担心
be worth doing 值得……
be worth sth. 值多少
be worthy of 值得
be/become known as 作为……而出名
be/become widely accepted 被广泛的接受
beat sb. black and blue 把某人打得鼻青脸肿
beat sb. on the head 碰某人的头
beat sb. to death 打死某人
beat sth. flat 把……压平
become a success 成功
become separated 分开
before all 尤其、特别
before long 没过多久(常用于将来时、一般过去时) begin with 以……开始
believe in ①信赖、信任②信奉、信仰
belong to sb. 属于
benefit from 从……获取利益、好处
beyond reach 够不着；找不到、消失
beyond that 除了那个以外
beyond the sea 在海外
black out 昏迷、神志不清；停止、中断
black tea 红茶
blood bank 血站、血库
blow away 吹走
both of sb. 两个人都……
both…not…不都是……(部分否定)
break away from 脱离
break down (1)分解；破裂(2)(汽车)抛锚
break in 打断……的话
break into pieces 打(破)成碎片
break off 折断、中断、罢工
break one's promise/words 破坏某人的诺言、食言break out 分裂、爆发
break the record 打破纪录
break the rules 违反规则
break up 分解
bring about 带来、造成
bring down 使……下降
bring in 引进
bring on 引起、导致
bring sth. to one's notice 使某人注意……
bring up 抚育、养育
build up 建立
burn down 烧毁
burn sth. to the ground 把……烧毁
burn up 消耗
burst in 闯进、闯入
burst into flames 突然着火
burst into tears/laughter 突然放声大哭/笑
burst out doing 爆发；突然
business sense 商业理念
by and by 不久以后、很快的
by chance 偶然
by degrees 逐渐地
by far 至今为止
by means of 通过……的办法
by occasionally 偶然的
by ones and twos 三三两两地、零零落落地
by oneself 独自地、独立地、单独地
by the end 在……以前
by the hour/day/week/minute/month/year 按小时/日/周/分/月/年算by the kilogramme/ton 按公斤/吨算
by the time 一段时间前(引导时间状语从句)
by the way 顺便说一下
by this means 用这种方法
by weight/length/volume 按重量/长度/容量算
call a taxi 打的
call at sp. 拜访某地
call for ①要求②邀请
call in sb. 派人去请
call on sb. to do…号召某人做某事
call on sb. 拜访某人
call one's attention to sth. 让某人引起对……
的注意
call to mind 想起
call up sb. ①使……想起②给……打电话
calm down 镇定下来
can't help doing 情不自禁地……
can't resist doing 不能抗拒做……
carry about 携带、随身带
carry away 冲垮；拿走
carry forward 发展、发扬
carry off 抢走、夺走
carry on 进行、继续
carry out one's promise 遵守某人的诺言
carry out 实行
carry with 进行、继续
catch a cold 感冒
catch fire 着火
catch in 被……困住、绊住
catch one's attention 吸引了……的注意
catch sight of 看到……
caught by the…抓到某人的……(身体部位)
cause sb. to be in such a state 导致某人到这样的地步
change A for B 用B替换A
change into 变成
clear away 收拾走、清除
clear out 把……请出去
clear up ①天晴②解决
climb over 翻越
close to 靠近某地
come about 发生
come across 偶然遇见
come along 进展、进行
come at 袭击、向……打击
come away 脱离、掉下
come back ①回来②醒过来
come down 下降
come forth 向前
come into being 形成、产生、存在(无被动)
come into effect 生效、启用
come off 脱离、掉下
come on ①加油②进展
come out ①产生、出现②被知道③出版、
发行④结局、结果
come right 直接
come round 转身
come to ①把注意力转向……②到来
come to an end 消亡、灭亡、分裂
come to one's notice 引起某人的注意
come to oneself 苏醒、恢复知觉
come to power 掌权
come true 成为现实
come up ①上升②发生③产生④(问题、
话题、议题)被提出(无被动)
come up to 过来
come upon 偶然遇见
command (that) sb. (should) do 命令某人应该做某事(虚拟语气) compare A to B 把A比作B
compare A with B 把A与B作比较
compare notes 交换意见
compared with/to A, B…与A相比，B……(B不用比较级) congratulate sb./sth. (on sth.) 祝贺……(取得……的成绩) congratulations on sth. ……的祝贺
connect A to B 连接A与B(单方面)
connect A with B 连接A与B(两方面)
consider sb. to have done 认为某人做了某事
consider sb./sth. to be/as 把……看作
consider sth./doing 考虑(做)……
consist of 由……组成
content oneself with sth. 对……满意
continue doing 一直做(同一件事)
continue to do 继续做(下一件事)
continue with sth. 继续做某事
contribute sth. to sth. 为……贡献……
convert sth. into sth. 把……转变成……
could have done 本来能做成的(却没做
成)(虚拟语气)
couldn't have done 本来做不成的(却做成
了)(虚拟语气)
count on/upon 指望、依靠
count sth. at 当作
cover sth./sb. with sth. 用……盖住……
cover the events 报道事件
cross out 除去、勾销
crowd off 挤出
cry out 喊出去
cure sb. of 治好某人的(病)
cut away 切下；逃跑
cut down 砍倒；缩减
cut off 切断
cut one's hair short 把……头发剪短
cut out 切下；删除
cut sth. in half 把……切成两半
cut sth. into halves 把……切成两半
cut sth. into two parts 把……切成两半
cut up 割开；切碎
daily goods 日用品
dance around 到处跳
dance to the music 伴着音乐跳舞
dare to do 敢于……
date back to 起源于、追溯到
date from 起源于、追溯到
day after day 日复一日
day and night 一天到晚
day by day 逐日
deal in 经营
deal with 处理、对待
declare sb./sth. to be adj./n. 宣称……
是……(接形容词或名词)
deep into the night 熬夜
delay doing/sth. 推迟……
demand (that) sb. (should) do 要求某人应该做某事(虚拟语气)
demand sth. of/from sb. 向某人要求……
demand to do 要求去做
depend on/upon 取决于、依赖于、依靠
describe sth. to sb. 将……描述给(讲给)……
despise of sb. 看不起
determine sb. to do 使某人下决心做某事
determine to do 下决心做某事
develop a habit 养成习惯
develop an interest in sth. 表现出对……的兴趣
develop films 制作电影
devote sth./oneself to sth./doing 把……奉献给……
die away (气味、声音、光线)逐渐消失、变弱
die down 平息、变弱、逐渐消失
die from polluted air/over work/an accident/… 因为(空气污染、过度劳累、事故等)而死die of grief/cold/hungry/old age/…因为(悲伤、寒冷、饥饿、年老等)而死
die out 灭绝；死光、死绝
dig out 挖出
direct sb. to do 指导、要求某人去做
direct that sb. should do 命令某人去做discourage sb. from sth./doing 阻碍某人做某事dislike doing/sb./sth. 不喜欢……
dive off 从……跳水
divide sth. by sth. ……除以……
divide sth. into 将……分成
do a good deed 做好事
do away with 废除
do damage to 损害
do good/harm to sb./sth. 对……有好处(坏处)
do not give in an inch 一寸不让
do research on/in/about/into sth. 研究……
do sb. a favour 帮某人一个忙
do sb. good/harm 对某人有好处(坏处)
do sb. the favour to do/of doing 帮某人忙做……do sth. alone 自己、靠自己
do sth. at the right time 在合适的时候做某事
do sth. by hand 手工制作(常用被动)
do sth. by turns 轮流做……、依次做……
do sth. deep/far into the night 熬夜
do sth. for fun 做……为了取乐
do sth. in good faith 诚实地……
do sth. on purpose 有目的地做
do up ①系上、扣上②收拾整理
do with 处理
double one's output 使(产量等)成倍增长
draw a deep breath 深呼吸
draw conclusions 下结论
draw in ①(车)进站②引诱
draw one's attention 吸引某人注意力
draw quick interest 获得快捷利润
draw up 草拟、拟定
dream of sth./doing 梦想
drink to 为……干杯
drive sb. to tears 使某人哭
drop in at sp. 拜访某地
drop in on sb. 拜访某人
eager for 渴望
early bird 早起者、早到者
earn one's living 谋生
easy-going 随和、平易近人
eat one's words 收回某人(说过)的话
eat up 吃光
either A or B 是A或者是B(谓语动词就近一致) encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做……
end up with 以……结束
enter for 报名参加
escape being done 逃避被……
escape doing sth. 逃避做……
escape from sp. 从……逃离
ever lasting 永不停止的、永远的
every one of sb./sth. ……中的每一个every other…每两个……
every two…每两个……
except for 除了(用于两种不同的事物) expect sb. to do 期望某人……
expect sth. to be done 期望某事被……expect to be/do 期望会……
explain sth. to sb. 向某人解释……explain to sb. sth. 向某人解释……
export to 向……出口
face to face 面对面(作状语)
face-to-face 面对面的(作定语)
fail to do 失败、未做成
fall asleep 睡着了
fall behind 落后
fall ill 生病
fall in love with sb. 爱上某人
fall off 掉下
fall to pieces 消亡、灭亡、分裂、崩溃far and near 远近、到处、四面八方
far and wide 广泛地
far more interesting 更有趣
far more 许多
fast asleep 熟睡
feed on sth. 以……为食
feed sb./sth. with/on sth. 用……喂养feed sth. to sb./sth. 把……喂养给……feel alone 感到孤单
feel like doing…/sth. 喜爱(做)……
feel lonely 感到孤单
feel one's way 摸索着前进
feel out 探索某人的意图
feel sb. on the head 摸某人的头
feel terrible 感觉不舒服
feel well 感觉舒服
few such mistakes 这么少的错误
fight against 与……作斗争、与……交战fight back 回击
fight for sth. 为了……而斗争
figure on 指望、计划、打算
figure out ①解决②计算出来、合计出fill with 充满
find out 找出、查明
find sb./sth. do 发现……做过……
find sb./sth. doing 发现……正在……
find sb./sth. done 发现……被……
finish off 结束、完成
fire at 向……开火
fire escape 火灾安全出口
fire out ①消沉、一蹶不振②开除、解雇
fire up 火冒三丈、发火
first aid 急救
first of all 首先
fit club 健身俱乐部
fix a time/date for sth./doing 确定……的日期
fix a time/date to do 确定日期做某事
fix A to B 把A固定在B上
fix one's attention on sth. 把某人的注意力集中到……上
fix one's eyes on sth. 目不转睛、凝视、把注意力集中在……上fix sb. sth. 为……准备……
fix sth. for sb. 为……准备……
float off 漂浮
fly over (从上面)飞越
fold up 折叠起来
follow one's advice on 听从……的建议
follow the rules 遵守规则
fool about/around 游手好闲、闲荡
fool sb. into doing sth. 哄骗某人做某事
for (political) reasons 由于(政治)原因
for a while 一段时间
for ages 很久
for example 例如
for fear that 担心
for free 免费的
for God's sake 看在上帝的面上
for good 永久地、一劳永逸地
for instance 例如
for one thing 首先
for one's sake 为……起见
for oneself 为了自己
for sale 准备出售
for the first time 第一次
for the sake of 为……起见
forbid sb. to do 禁止某人做某事
force oneself to one's feet 挣扎着站起来
force sb. to do 强迫某人做……
foreign affairs 外交事务、外事、外务
form a habit 养成习惯
frankly speaking 坦白地说
free from 没有、免除
from a great distance 远距离
from cover to cover 从头到尾
from door to door 一家挨着一家
from side to side 左右摇摆
from that time on 从那时起
from the beginning 从一开始
from time to time 时常、经常
gain in 获得
generally speaking 一般来说
get across 通过、越过、穿过
get along (well) with ①与某人相处(得好)
②进展(顺利)
get broken 弄坏了
get burnt 烧着了
get caught in 遇到
get changed 换衣服
get close to sth./sb. 与……接近
get down to sth./doing 开始去做……
get good from sth. 从……中得到好处
get hold of 把握住；抓住
get hurt 受伤了
get in touch with 与……取得联系
get in 进入
get into ①坐进(轿车、出租车等) ②陷入(某种状态)之中
get into the habit of 养成……的习惯
get it settled 确定
get married 结婚(强调动作)
get off ①下车②脱下
get on (well) with sb./sth. 与某人(事、物)相处(得好)
get on the right track 走上正轨
get over 恢复、克服
get paid ……被付钱、得钱、挣钱
get ready for sth. 准备好……
get rid of 去除
get sb. to do/doing/done 让某人……
get separated 分开
get sth. on ……有某事
get sth. ready for 为……作准备
get through ①接通(电话) ②通过(考试) ③完成(工作、任务) ④通过(议案、计划) ⑤消息传到……get tired of sth./doing 感到厌倦
get to know sb. (刚刚)认识某人
get to 够得着
get together 聚会
get up to one's feet 站起来
get word 得到消息
get worse 越来越坏了
give a birth to a baby 生小孩
give a hand 帮助
give a promise 许下诺言
give A sth. for B 把为B准备的……给A
give a talk 做报告；做演讲
give a thought to sb./sth. 想象、思考
give an order for sth. 订购……
give away 把……送出去
give back 送回去、拿回去
give birth to 生产、生育
give in 屈服、投降、让步(不及物)
give off 散发、发出(气味、光线、声音)
give one's love/wishes/regards to sb. 给某人的(问候等) give out ①发出(气味、光线、声音) ②用尽③精疲力尽give over 交托、停止、放弃
give sb. a lift 搭车
give sb. a message 给(收信人)留/传个信
give sb. advice on sth./how to do 给某人……的建议
give sb. sth. 把……给某人
give sth. away 把……送出去
give up sth./doing 放弃
give way to 让位给……
go aboard a plane/ship 登飞机/船
go abroad 出国
go after 追逐、追求
go against 违背
Go ahead. (口语)鼓励某人做某事、去做吧
go all the way back to the time of 起源于
go bad 变坏
go by 经过
go down 下降、减弱
go in for 从事、投身于
go mad about sth./doing 痴迷于……，为……疯狂
go missing 不见、丢失
go off ①离去②变质
go off duty 下班
go on a trip on sp. 游览、参观某地
go on board 登(船、飞机)
go out 出去；(灯火)熄灭
go over to 到……去
go over 温习、复习；检查
go through ①穿过②仔细察看③经历
go to sp. for a holiday 到……度假
go up to 上到……上
go up 上升、增强
go with ①和……一起去②(颜色、款式等)搭配
Good luck with your trip. 祝你一路顺风。
good manner 好方法
good manners 有礼貌
good-for-nothing 没有用
graduate from 从……毕业
grow out of 从……产生、由……而来
grow rich 变得富有
guess sb. to be 猜测某人是……
had done sth. when…刚刚做完某事，突然……
hand down 继承、传下去
hand in 上交
hand out 发出去
hand over 递交、转交、移交
hang up 挂断(电话)
Hardly…when…还没……就……(部分倒装句式，前句倒装后句不倒装) have a cold 感冒
have a great effect on 对……有很大的影响(效果)
have a high opinion of 高度评价
have a problem with sth. 在……有问题
have a rest 休息
have a seat 坐下
have a short memory 记性不好
have a talk with sb. 跟某人谈话
have a trip on sp. 游览、参观某地
have a word with sb. 跟某人谈话
have an effect on sb. 对……有影响(效果)
have difficulty/trouble (in) doing/sth. 做……有困难
have on 穿着……
have one's attention 让某人注意
have one's exam 某人考试
have sb. do/doing/done 让某人……
have sth. on ……有某事
have sth. on/with/about sb. 某人随身
带……(常指财务等)
have sth. to do with sb./sth. 与……有关系
have the habit of doing 有做……的习惯
have trouble with sth. 做……有麻烦
have words with sb. 与某人吵架、口角
head back 调头
hear about sth./sb. (through sb.) (通过某人)听说……
hear from 收到……的来信
hear of sth./sb. 听说……
hear sb./sth. do 听说……做过……
hear sb./sth. doing 听说……在……
hear sb./sth. done 听说……被……
hear the concert 听音乐会
heavy smoker 瘾君子(专指吸烟)
help sb. out 帮助某人
hit sb. on the…打着某人的(身体部位)
hold a position 处于……(位置、地位)
hold back ①阻止、阻挡②缩回来
hold down 阻止；压制
hold for questioning 被审讯
hold on ①别挂断(电话) ②坚持
hold one's breath 屏住呼吸
hold one's head high 高昂着头
hold out ①伸出(手) ②支持、坚持、维持
hold the record 保持纪录
hold to 坚持
hold up ①阻挡②使……停顿③抬起
honestly speaking 说句实话
how to do it 怎么去做(作宾语)
humour sense 幽默感
hundreds of thousands of 成千上万的(加可数名词复数)
hunt for 寻找
hurry off 快点走
I (don't) doubt that/if/whether…我(不)怀疑……(接宾语从句)
I can't speak too high of him. 我已经无法用语言形容了。(用于赞美) I suppose sb. be doing sth.. 我想你应该在做……。
I wonder whether/how…我想知道……
if any 如果有
if not more 如果不是更多
if not 如果不
I'm afraid that…我害怕……(接宾语从句)
I'm satisfied that…我满足……(接宾语从句)
I'm sure that…我确定……(接宾语从句)
imagine (sb.) doing sth. 想象(某人)做某事
imagine sb./sth. to be 假想……成为……
imagine that 假想……
in (good) order 秩序井然、有序
in a high/low voice 高(低)声说话
in a hundred years' time 在一百年时间里
in a time 一段时间后
in a while 一会儿
in a word 一句话、简而言之
in addition 另外
in advance 提前、事先
in all 总计；一共
in ancient times 古代
in astonishment 究竟
in case of 在……的时候、要是
in case 以防万一、在……情况下
in charge of 管理
in comfort 舒适
in common with 与……一样
in common 有共同点
in despair 绝望
in disapproval 反对、不赞成
in fact 实际上
in favour of 喜爱
in front of 在……前面
in future 从今以后
in general 一般来说
in honour of 为了纪念……；为了欢迎……
in hopes of doing 带着……的期望
in many ways 在不同方面
in memory of 纪念……
in modern times 当今
in one's (fifties) 在某人(50多岁)时
in one's absence 在某人不在的时候
in one's judgement 某人认为……
in one's opinion 某人认为……
in one's search for 某人寻找……
in one's spare time 在某人的空闲时间
in one's way 挡某人的路
in order to do 为了……
in other words 换句话说
in pain 处于痛苦中
in particular 特别地
in person 亲自
in place of 代替
in place 在适当位置上
in practice 在实践中
in praise of sb. 为了赞颂……、为了表
扬……
in reach 够得着
in return 回报
in search of 寻找……
in silence 沉默地、不作声地
in space 在太空
in spite of doing/sth. 尽管
in that case 如果那样的话
in that 因为、在……方面说
in the (1870)'s/(1870)s 在(19)世纪(70)年代
in the beginning 在开始
in the case of sth./sb. 某人(事)的情况
in the dark 在暗处(光线弱，用于指地点)
in the direction of 向……方向
in the distance 在远方、在远处
in the early days 早期
in the fields of sth. 在……领域
in the following years 在接下来的几年里
in the front of 在……内的最前面
in the future 在未来；在将来
in the hope of doing 带着……的期望
in the hospital 在医院里
in the last hour 在最后几个小时里(用于现
在完成时)
in the old days 过去的时候
in the past (ten) years 在最后(十)年里(用于现在完成时) in the same way 用相同的方法
in the sand 在沙子里
in the shade 在树阴下
in the years that followed 在接下来的几年里
in the years to come 在未来几年里
in this way 用这种方法
in time 及时
in total 总计；一共
increase by 增加
insist (that) sb. (should) do 坚持要某人做某事(虚拟语气)
insist on doing/sth. 坚持……
insist that…坚持说、坚持主张
intend for 为……准备
intend to do 打算去做
invite sb. to sp. 邀请……到……
It appears/appeared (to sb.) that…对某人来说好像……
It is (high) time (that) sb. did/should do 是该做……的时候了(虚拟语气) It is A not B…是A不是B(谓语动词与A一致)
It is a pleasure to do…很高兴做某事
It is believed that…人们相信……
It is better to do…than to do…(后者)比(前者)好
It is certain that………是确定无疑的
It is hoped that…人们希望……
It is important that………重要
It is known that…人们知道……
It is likely that………有可能……(可能性一般)
It is necessary that………有必要
It is no use/good doing…做……没有用
It is no wonder that………毫无疑问。/……是确定无疑的。
It is not any use/good doing…做……没有用
It is one's turn to do sth. 轮到某人做……
It is polite/impolite to do…. ……(不)礼貌。
It is possible that………有可能……(可能性最小)
It is probable that………有可能……(可能性最大)
It is reported that…据报道……
It is said that…人们说……
It is suggested that…人们建议……
It is tempting to conclude that…我们可以推出结论……
It is thought that…人们认为……
It is up to sb.(to do) 由某人来决定
It is useless doing…做……没有用
It is/was+被强调部分+连词+从句(强调句型)
It is+adj.+of sb. =sb. is adj. 某人怎么样
It is+n.+for sb. to do sth. = To do sth. is n. for sb. 做某事对某人是……It makes no difference. 没有什么区别。
It occurred to sb. that…某人忽然意识
到……
It seems that…看起来……
It seems to sb.…在某人看来……
高考英语完形填空综合解析 要提高完形填空的解题能力，首先应该综合全面地了解完形填空。要了解完形填空，我们需要回答五个问题。第一个问题：什么是完形填空？第二个问题：完形填空的特点是什么？第三个问题：学生存在的问题是什么？第四个问题：如何解完形填空？第五个问题：平时如何训练？只有解决了这五个问题，才能有的放矢地对完形填空进行教学和研究。 一、什么是完形填空？ 完形填空又称综合填空，其命题原理是格式塔心理学。格式塔心理学强调整体感知和对文章从语义上的整体把握。简单说完形填空就是在一篇语意完整的短文中有目的地制造一些空白，造成信息链的中断，让考生在理解短文的基础上，综合运用所学知识和常识，对每个题的备选项做出尽可能合理的分析、判断，从中选出正确答案或最佳答案，使重新构建的文章主旨鲜明，文意畅达，逻辑严密。如果空格要求学生填入连词、介词、冠词等，则空格为功能性空格；如果要求填入名词、形容词、动词等实义词，则空格为语义空格。从近几年的高考试题看，完形填空以语义空格为主，语法部分的内容已经弱化为对词法的考查。完形填空的空格分为四种类型：词内项、词间项、句内项、句间项，难度是逐渐上升的。 二、完形填空的特点是什么？ 1. 完形填空的题型特点 近几年来的完形填空题，有以下几个特点： ⑴短文难度基本稳定，与高中英语教材课文难易基本相当。 ⑵短文选材一般为故事性文章，极少采用其它题材的文章。但往往不按时间顺序平铺直叙，有插叙或倒叙，有时还夹有描述和议论。 ⑶短文的第一句不设空格，提供给考生一个思路，以便考生做题。 ⑷考查内容主要是逻辑上的通顺，极少是考语法，所以每题四个选项大多属同一语法范畴。 ⑸短文长度基本稳定，一般在250～300个单词左右。 2. 完形填空选项设置的几个特点 ⑴同义、近义词辨析型。多倾向考查动词、名词、形容词。所以平时要多把这几类词性的词归纳记忆。 ⑵固定搭配型。多倾向考查动词和介词或副词、名词和介词、形容词和介词、典型句子结构的搭配。 ⑶常用语法。时态和语态、从句连词。 ⑷根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项型。 3. 近年高考完形填空题的命题趋势和新题动向 ⑴阅读量逐年提高，阅读时间减少。 ⑵生词量有增无减。 ⑶长句增多，句式灵活，结构复杂。 ⑷题目设置上单纯语法考查减少，上下文联系考查力度加大，并且以同义词、相似词为典型的迷惑选项增多。 ⑸完形填空的第一句都是完整的句子，并且每篇文章都有一个主题。 三、学生存在的问题是什么？ 有些考生虽然具有一定的基础，但完形填空题的得分却总不尽如人意。他们的问题概括起来主要有以下几方面：
高考完形填空专项训练步步高 抓好三方面●跨好三大步●做好三结合 ------谈完形填空解题技巧中学生在做完形填空题时存在的问题，概括起来有以下三方面： 1.不善于抓文章的主旨大意，并以此为中心展开对整篇文章的推理、判断，导致理解上出现偏差，甚至和文章的中心相悻。 2.容易受定势思维的影响，对文意分析不透，忽视特定语境中知识的运用。 3.对完形填空题怀有厌倦、畏惧心理，以至做题时处于应付状态，做题能力得不到提高。 那么，怎样才能提高做完形填空题的能力呢？我们应从以下三方面入手训练思维能力和解题技巧：抓准主旨、透析文意、理清逻辑。并在做题过程中把这三方面与做完形填空的三大步骤“通读、精读、复读”有机结合，明确每步的思维主攻方向。即抓好三方面，跨好三大步，做好三结合。 一、通读短文抓主旨 一般情况下，完形填空短文都不给标题，不容易把握文章的主题和大意。但短文首句通常不设空格，这就为我们窥视文章全貌提供了一个窗口，而尾句往往是文章的总结、结论或点睛之笔，所以抓住开篇启示作用的首句和总结概括性的尾句是必要的。借助于首尾句给予的启示，克服不良心理的影响，满怀信心，全神贯注，目光越过空格，注意能体现文章大意的关键词句，尽力从整体上理解短文大意，这是逐空填词的重要依据和基础。如果一开始就忙于见空填空，势必无法从整体上把握全文概要，无法形成连贯的思路，只见树木不见森林，理解偏离文章的中心，造成顾，此失彼的错误，甚至影响做题速度。 抓住了文章的主旨大意后，我们围绕主旨大意去阅读、预测、推理、判断，往往会收到事半功倍的效果。尤其是一些干扰性强，容易使人犯想当然错误的选项就会迎刃而解。 二、精读短文析文意 在基本抓住文章的主旨后，应逐句精读短文，逐题分析选项，对特定的语境做深人的理解，克服“定势思维”，根据全文大意和词不离句，句不离文的原则，逐项填空。切不可以单纯的词汇辨析或语法角度去做题，而应以能否恰如其分地表达文意作为选择最佳答案的唯一标准。要吃透文意，理解到位，我们应做到以下几点： 1.从上下文的角度考虑，注意其内在联系。就题论题，断章取义，忽视上下文的信息提示是我们常犯的错误。因此我们在做题时要注重暗含的信息提示，找准突破口，确保文意畅通。 2.从词汇意义及用法、惯用法和搭配的角度去考虑，准确判断。NMET完形填空题中考查词汇意义及用法、惯用法和搭配的题目逐年增多，必须结合上下文把握文意，研读
高考英语完形填空考试解 题三大角度 完形填空题型有着极为深远的理论背景。在19世纪物理学重大发现“场理论”的启发下，德国心理学家柯勒等人提出了“格式塔心理学”，强调人类认知过程中的宏观性和整体性。1953年，美国语言学家Wilson Taylor基于上述理论，首次提出完形填空这种题型，旨在测试考生利用已知信息恢复不完整语言材料的自然倾向强度，进而考查考生的语言能力。 作为选拔性考试，高考必须具有较高信度、效度和必要的区分度以及一定的难度。完形填空的重点在于综合考查考生的词汇和语法等基础知识以及阅读和写作等语言运用能力，正好满足了高考的需求。自从1987年首次出现在高考英语试卷中以来，完形填空题型历来都属于高考英语中能力要求最高、试题难度最大的一类题型。
研究历年的各套高考完形填空题，可以从具体的题目之中看出该题型中若干对我们解题非常有帮助的共同特点： 一、从所选文章的角度 体裁上，以叙为主，叙议结合。高考完形填空题的选材多为具有一定故事情节的记叙文或是叙议结合、以叙为主、富有哲理的论说文，这是和高考考生的语言水平紧密结合的。高考是各级各类英语测试中相对较简单的一种，因而采取了常见体裁中较简单的记叙文作为题目载体。因此，短文一般按照时间线索行文，内部逻辑清晰层次分明。 题材上，选用真实世界中的语言材料，考查考生使用语言进行信息获取和社会交际的能力，对心理问题、校园生活、奇闻轶事等热点话题继续关注，并兼顾高考的公平性原则，不涉及特定地域或人群色彩较浓的不具有一般性的话题。
难度上，基本与现行高三教材相当。字数上，完形填空短文词数在240——320之间。 二、从所挖空格的角度 首先，该题型所选短文一般无标题，但首句通常不设空，目的是让考生熟悉语言环境，迅速进入主题，对文章有宏观和整体性的把握，建立正确的思维导向。正文中通常挖去20个词，平均每14词挖一个空格，通常不会出现两个空格前后相连或同一句子挖空超过三个的情况。 其次，挖去的词汇以实词为主，虚词为辅。语言分为形式和内容两方面，而完形填空题多重视考查语言的内容，这是与承载具体信息的实词紧密相关的。在高考对具体语法规则不断淡化的趋势下，常与语言形式即具体语法条目相关的虚词数量不断下降，目前仅在3个空格左右。
2019全国卷1高考英语完形填空答案详细解析 【预览部分】 【完形填空答案与详细解析】 【主旨大意】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文主要介绍乞力马扎罗山的垃圾污染问题以及当地管理机构努力治理之后环境的改观。本文就游客对乞力马扎罗山自然环境的破坏展开论述，对山体环境进行介绍，意在引起人们对于自然环境的重视。 41. D。考查动词词义辨析。译文：每年有40,000人到非洲最高的山脉乞力马扎罗山（Kilimanjaro）旅游，他们带来了许多废品垃圾。解答此题根本不用费什么心思，读完第一、第二句马上就明白：此题是因果逻辑推断题，即第一句是原因，第41空句是结果。根据前文Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa.可知每年都有很多人去游览乞力马扎罗山，由此可推测该空是说游客将垃圾废物随身带到了山上。keep with意为“把……与……放一起”；mix with意为“（使）与……混合/结合”；connect with意为“与……连接”；bring sth. with sb. 意为“某人随身带来……”；故只有选项D切题。故选D。 42.C。考查名词词义辨析。译文：拥挤的人群破坏了美丽的乞力马扎罗山。此题仍然属于因果关系推断题。根据上一句Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa.可知，每年有大约四万人游览乞力马扎罗山，所以此处是指游客所造成的破坏，由此推断出本题答案是crowds（拥挤的人群）。A. stories故事；B. buildings建筑物；C. crowds人群；D. reporters记者。故选C。 【正文】 第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They 41 with them lots of waste. The 42 might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers（冰川）are disappearing, changing the 43 of Kilimanjaro. Hearing these stories, I’m 44 about the place —other destinations are described as “purer” natural
高考英语完形填空解题技巧 高考英语完形填空解题技巧 (一)利用句首信息，推测语篇主旨 完形填空所选短文的第一句常为主题句，一般不设空。把握了主题句对于理解全文和解题很有帮助。 例： As a general rule ,all forms of activity lead to boredom when they areperformed on a routine(常规)basis. As a matter of fact ,we can see this 41____atwork in people of all42 ages (2014课标I) 41. A. principle B. habit C. way. D. power 解析：本文首句为主题句，根据首句中的a general rule (一般规则)可知本空答案为principle. (二)寻找提示信息，重现语境意义 完形填空主要考查考生对语境的理解，所以考生在做题时要有全局观念，进行连贯性思维，要把每个空白处的含义与前后句的意思联系起来理解，进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。难选之处通常前后多有提示，这种提示多为后面提示前面。 一般来说，完型填空的四个选项形式完全相同，如都是动词原形，都是副词，都是名词复数形式等，所以要注意他们在意义上和搭配上的细微差别，形义兼顾。同时，一定要把这些选项放到特定的语境里进行区分，判别，从而选出正确答案。 例： It runs in the 53_____.Michael’s father always helped thepoor as he believed it made everyone happier. Michael Greenberg feels the54
做好高考英语完形填空的14种技巧 1?跳读首尾句进行预测一般来讲，高考完形填空的首、尾句通常是不挖空的。先跳读这两句J便可判断体裁，猜想它要讲什么。若首句交代了When J where, who, What，即四个W，那么就是记叙文，很可能就是一个故事，为了测试语篇的理解能力，出题者特别注意选材的趣味性，其结尾往往出人意料，耐人寻味；若首句是提出或解释说明某事物，一般来说是说明文；若首句提出一个论点，那么就是议论文。 首句往往开宗明义，是文章的主题。细读首句可启示全文。而尾句又往往是对 文章主题的总结。所以，它们是了解文章大意的一个窗口，对我们理解全文有着重 要的启示作用。因此，要充分利用段首句提供的信息，去挖掘文章的思路，寻找文 章的脉络与线索。 EVel yn Glennie WaS the first IaCly Of SOIO PerCUSSi On in SCOtIancl .In an in terview, She recalled how She became a PerCUSSi On SOIOiS 打（击乐器独奏演员）in SPite Of her CliSabiIity.本文主要讲述的是苏格兰第一位女打击乐器独奏演员EVel yn GIe nnie在耳聋的情况下成功学习打击乐器的经历。根据首句给出的信息，下面我们可以猜想EVeIyn GIe nnie学习打击乐器过程必然充满困难，而能够在耳聋的情况下学习打击乐器，EVeIyn GIennie对音乐肯定也是充满热情的。 2.利用语法分析解题完形填空虽然以语境填空为主，但也有部分考查语法项目的 题目。对于这 类题，考生可以利用平时所学的词汇知识，分析单词（组）的使用范围、动词的及物和不及物，并利用句子结构、句式特点等知识全面衡量所有选项排除干扰。如：__ 51 ____ do you SUPPOSe he asked for them? 51 ? A. What B. HOW C. WhO D. WhiCh 【解析】本题中，do you SUPPOSe为插入成分。he asked for them是一个相对独立和完整的句子，因此空格处应该用副词HOW来修饰谓语动词asked,而不能用代词What5 WhO或WhiChO __ 8 ____ I had been born in the 16th CentUry J I WOUICl have had no job. 8.A. BeCaUSe B. While C. If D. SinCe 【解析】根据后面的I had been born in the 16th CentUry可知这只是个假设 5 是一个虚拟语气的条件句。故前面要用if引导。 3.利用固定搭配解题完形填空题中对词汇知识的考查，主要体现在习惯用法和 同义词、近义词 的辨析两方面。习惯用法是英语中某种固定的结构形态，即所谓的“习语"，不能随意改动。所以，考生平时应掌握好习惯用法。对词义辨析题的考查有加大力度的趋势。要做好这类题，需要有较大的词汇量和词语搭配能力、词语辨
2011全国卷 第二节完形填空20,J、题；每小题1．5分，满分30分) 阅读下面的短文，从短文后个体所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出也已填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上讲该项涂黑。 In our discussion with people on how education can help them succeed in life, a woman remembered the first meeting of an introductory 36 course about 20 years ago. The professor 37 the lecture hall, placed upon his desk a large jar filled with dried beans(豆),and invited the students to 38 how many beans the jar contained. After 39 shouts of wildly wrong guesses the professor smiled a thin, dry smile, announced the 40 Answer, and went on saying, ”You have just 41 an important lesson about science. That is: Never 42 your own senses.” Twenty years later, the 43 could guess what the professor had in mind. He 44 himself, perhaps, as inviting his students to start an exciting 45 into an unknowns world invisible(无形的) to the 46 , which can be discovered only through scientific 47 . But the seventeen-year-old girl could not accept or even 48 the invitation. She was just 49 to understand the world .And she 50 that her firsthand experience could be the 51 . The professor, however, said that it was 52 . He was taking away her only 53 for knowing and was providing her with no substitute(替代). “I remember feeling small and 54 .”The woman says, “and I did the only thing I could do. I 55 the course the afternoon, and I haven’t gone near science since.”36．A．art B．history C. science D. math 37．A．searched for B. looked at C. got through D. marched into 38．A．count B. guess C. report D. watch 39．A．warning B. giving C. turning away D. listening to 40．A．ready B. possible C. correct D. difficult 41．A．learned B. prepared C. taught D. taken 42．A．lose B. trust C. sharpen D. taken 43．A．lecturer B. scientist C. speaker D. woman 44．A．described B. respected C. saw D. served 45．A．voyage B. movement C. change D. rush 46．A．professor B．eye C．knowledge D．light 47．A．model B．senses C．spirit D．methods 48．A．hear B. make C．present D．refuse 49．A．suggesting B．beginning C．pretending D．waiting 50．A．believed B．doubted C．proved D．explained 51．A．growth B．strength C．faith D．truth 52．A．firm B. interesting C．wrong D．acceptable 53．A．task B．tool C．success D．action 54．A．cruel B．proud C．frightened D．brave 55．A．dropped B．started C．passed D．missed - 1 - / 2
历年高考英语完形填空及答案合集(四) () 3105 Having left the town, the girl stopped the car at the landing near the entrance of the bay (海湾)She stepped into the 16 and rowed out silently. The tide was rushing to the entrance and 17 to the wild open sea. She had to row across the bay to reach 18 side. The waves struck against the side of the boat, 19 and uneven; it became 20 difficult to row. If she 21 for a moment, the tide would push the boat back towards the 22 . She wasn' t even halfway, 23 she was already tired and her hands 24 from pulling on the rough wooden oars (船桨).“I'm never going to 25 it”, she thought. She rested the oars on her knees and 26 her head helplessly, then looked up as she 27 the boat shift(晃动) against the tide. The east wind , which had swung(旋转) around from the south-west, 28 her help and pushed the boat towards the mountains. It was going to be 29 . Her hands weren't so painful. Her chest didn?t feel as if it was about to burst 30 .
历年高考完形填空常用词汇总结 动词类： 1“看”look看的动作/ see看的结果; watch观察/observe为了研究进行的观察; Notice 注意catch sight of看见/ stare好奇地看/ glare瞪着看 Glance瞅见/glimpse瞥见see a film watch TV 2“说”telll sth to sb.=tell sb sth告诉的内容talk with sb about sth强调说话者之间的交流Say sth诉说的内容speak in English说的语言whisper sth to sb 耳语 Inform sb of sth 通知某人某事reason /talk/persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某 事Bargain讨价还价chat聊天repeat重复explain解释warn警告 remind提醒Discuss 讨论debate辩论figure 指出declare宣布claim自称 mention 提起admit 承认deny 否绝describe描述announce 公布introduce 介绍complain抱怨 3“叫”cry哭叫call叫shout大喊scream尖叫moan呻吟sigh叹气quarrel大吵4“问”ask 询问interview 采访express表达question审问 5“答”answer回答respond回应(用其他方式回应) reply回复 6 “听”listen to听的动作hear听的结果pick up收听overhear无意听到 7“写”dictate听写write sth 写d escribe描写drop a line 写信draw画 take down/write down写下，记下 8“拿/放”take拿走bring拿来hold举着carry扛，挑（无方向性）fetch拿来拿去lift 举Put放lay 铺/放置pull拉/push推 9“抓”take hold of 抓着seize紧抓grasp 握住scratch 抠 10“打”hit一次性的打击beat不间断的打击strike突然的击打/突然想到blow吹刮attack攻击 11“扔”throw扔drop掉放弃错过fall 倒下无意掉下来wave 招手shake摇 12“送”send寄送deliver递送give给offer 主动给予see off给某人送行 13“摸/抱”touch摸/fold折叠/embrace拥抱/ hug抱/hold 握in one’s arms 14“踢/碰”kick踢/knock敲/ tip 轻敲 15“行”walk run climb jump skip 单腿跳slip溜come/go enter进入move搬迁drive开车ride 骑fly crawl 匍匐前进
完形填空考纲要求 考查根据上下文理解语篇意义的能力。 二、完型填空解题步骤总结 三、解题步骤分析 1、浏览全文，抓准主旨 考生在答题时，不要急于看选项、找答案，应先通篇浏览短文，掌握文中时间、地点、人物及事件发展的脉络情节。只有抓住了文章的主旨大意后，考生围绕大意去阅读、预测、推理、判断，往往会收到事半功倍的效果。抓住了主旨，一些干扰性强，容易使人犯想当然错误的选项也就会迎刃而解。 注意：要充分利用首句的标示作用 第一句往往是全篇的关键句，首句一般不设空，它有概括和预示全文大意的作用，是据以判断文章体裁并预测全文主旨、大意的突破口，常含有解题和理解文章的有用信息。（when, where, who, what, how…)。 注意：要注意尾句的提示和总结作用。 2、细读全文，透析文意
⑴.看清上下文，找准定位词 充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有时可能是同义词或反义词。 注意上下文的内在联系，是做好完型填空的保证，而断章取义，就题论题，忽视前后文的信息提示是学生常犯的错误。信息提示有时出现在前文，有时出现在后文，有时出现在本空所在的句子，学生需要在做题时边读边思考，边读边储存信息，边读边注意前后联系，这也是第一遍通览全文的主要作用。 ⑵通顺逻辑，寻求搭配 注意固定的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。例如： ⑶牢固掌握重点单词词组词意、用法及语法知识 ⑷看清执行者，确定所选词 ⑸根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项 有时，选项中所给的四个词为表示上下文逻辑关系的连接性词语，它涉及到文章的起承转合、上下连贯。这类题主要考查考生对上下文逻辑关系的理解，如转折关系、让步关系、因果关系、递进关系、增补关系、比较关系以及对比关系等。 常见的承接语有for one thing…for another…等连接词表示列举；First…and then, First…Next…Then…Finally…用来按次序描述时间发生的过程；anyhow, still, though, although…表示让步关系；therefore, so表结果；because, since, due to, owing to…表原因，等等。 3、全面验证，理清逻辑 考生在选项填完后，一定要通读短文，从整体上检查结构、语义及逻辑是否一致，上下文衔接是否合理；另外，连词、副词也是完形填空常考的词，考生选择后要特别注意上下文的语气、语态，避免出现逻辑混乱。 四．案例分析：根据逻辑关系解完形填空 表示转折关系 Everyone in business has been told that success is all about attracting and retaining customers. It sounds simple and achievable. But, 50 , words of wisdom are soon forgotten.
高考完形填空解题技巧 (I) 完形填空是全国各地高考英语必考题型之一，占20分。题型特征是：一篇短文中间留20 个空格，每个空格给出4个选项，要求从中选出最佳答案填入相应的空格内。由于这种题型既考查学生的语法、词法、句法、习惯用法等英语基础知识的综合运用能力，又考查他们对短文的阅读和理解能力。这种题型综合性较强，因而难度较大。总的来说，完形填空为了测试考生实际应用英语的能力和语感。具体说来，是从语篇角度综合测试考生的阅读理解能力、词汇的掌握和对英语习惯用语的熟悉程度、以及语法规则的灵活运用。因此，本文我就考试出题的三个方向、考试题型和具体解题技巧做了详细阐述： 一、考试出题的大致方向是： 1、词汇：某些词义的识别，同义词辨析。英语习惯用法的熟悉程度。 2、语法结构：语法规则的实际应用。 3、语篇句意：从语篇角度,即上下文和情景语境综合测试考生的阅读理解能力 4. 逻辑推理和生活常识 二、考试题型： （一）词汇题： 单纯地考单词或短语的释义： 1.There can be no question about the value of a safety program. From a financial standpoint alone, safety ____. (‘99) A. comes off B. turns up C. pays off D. holds up 答案：C. 词汇辨析题： 主要是指同义词、近义词的辨析，这类题较难。 2.They are needed for ____ food into energy and body maintenance. (‘96) A. shifting B. transferring C. altering D. transforming 答案：D. 固定短语搭配题： 3.With it, astronauts will acquire a workhouse vehicle ____ of flyingsintosspace and returning many times. (‘92) A. capable B. suitable C. efficient D. fit 答案：A. (二)语法题： 语法结构题，主要是考结构词：代词、介词和从句连接词。 4.Moreover, inaccurate or indefinite words may make ____ difficult for the listener to understand the message which is being transmitted to him. (’94) A. that B. it C. so D. this答案：B. (三)语篇题： 文章的上下文决定所缺处所选择的词.这一考点要求学生根据文章的整体内容进行理解,根据层次结构和内容的逻辑关系,去选择符合文章情节的答案,这也叫情景意义的选择. 5.Getting enough vitamins is essential to life, although the body has no nutritional use for excess vitamins. Many people ____ believe in being on the "safe side" and thus take extra vitamins. (96) A. nevertheless B. therefore C. moreover D. meanwhile
完形填空题型突破 完形填空二是2010年湖南高考英语科出现的新题型,为主观性填空题。题目要求考生在没有单词和汉语提示的前提下,根据上下文语境填写一个最恰当的单词。该主观填空题的目的就是要革除传统英语考试的弊端,增加主观性,减少客观性,消除投机心理,加大对考生思维推断能力和语言运用能力的考查力度,实现英语语言教学从被动记忆型主导向主动应用型、本质挖掘型主导的跃升。该题型主要考查考生在语境中灵活运用语言的能力及推理判断能力。单词的拼写能力和词形变换能力也是一个很重要的考查方向。 一、完形填空二的题型特点 1．考查语境,侧重运用。该题型的最大特点是把语言真正放在语境中去考查,这是符合语言学习客观规律的。该题型把对考生的要求提高到能自然地、自发地、积极地运用语言知识去表达的水平。这种方式可以真正了解考生的语言运用能力,体现了命题者从能力立意向素质立意转变的理念。 2．题材多样,语篇完整。新题型的选材会呈现多样化的趋势,但可能会侧重于议论文和说明文,这一点与前面部分的客观选择题会有所不同。文章选材贴近考生生活,内容完整,现实意义明显,结构严谨,层次分明,便于考生推理判断。材料难度不会太大。词数在150～180之间,平均设空间隔一般为17个词左右。 3．实虚并重,侧重习语。该题型既考查实词,如名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词等,也考查虚词,如冠词、介词和连词。冠词主要考查它的基本用法和习惯用法。介词主要考查考生对固定搭配和短语的掌握情况。连词主要考查考生的思维逻辑判断能力。 4．意义为主,形式为辅。命题体现了“意义为主,形式为辅”的考查原则。在重点考查词义的基础上,也会考查考生对词形变化的掌握情况。如动词的第三人称单数,动词的动名词、现在分词、过去分词等形式,名词的单复数形式,形容词和副词的比较等级等。 二、完形填空二的解题步骤 1．通读全文,把握语篇。把握短文大意,目的是为下一步“填空”作好“语义”上的准备,因为“语义”决定着空白处应填一个什么意思的单词以及采用什么样的语法形式。在通读全文的过程中,为较好地把握其大意,有必要弄请该文的体裁、题材、写作主线、段落大意等。这有利于考生真正读懂全文大意,也有利于在“填空”时进行必要的逻辑推理。 2．先易后难,尝试填空。主观题填空的过程是一个判断空白处应填词语的语义和正确的语法形式的思维过程,要坚持从易到难的原则。根据考生的英语知识积累和语感,有些答案不需要过多的思考就能一眼看出来。如固定搭配、习惯用语、常用句式等。遇到一时想不起来的空,也不要花太多的时间停留在上面。填出容易的词语后,大意更趋明朗,语境更加清晰,有助于难题的推敲和判断。 3．利用语境,推敲语义。要抓住上下文的内容联系和逻辑关系,进行多角度、全方位分析,以便准确地判断所缺词的意义。推敲语义时,不要忽略连接词、代词、插入语、转折语等的作用。因为这些词往往是改变语境的关键词,具有因果、让步、递进、转折、指代、列举、承上启下等的特殊功能。 4．复读全文,确认答案。进行复查是必要的。复查时要解决两个问题：第一是从语义和逻辑的角度审视全文,看看所填单词在语义上是否正确,是否为最佳答案,是否能使文意上下连贯、前后照应,逻辑顺畅,能否自然地融入语篇；第二是从语法的角度审视全文,确保所填
高中英语完形填空解题技巧大全 开篇练习 My son Joey was born with club feet. The doctors said that with treatment he would be able to walk， but would never run very well. The first three years of his life was 1 in hospital. By the time he was eight，you wouldn‘t know he has a problem when you saw him 2 . Children in our neighborhood always ran around 3 their play， and Joey would jump and ran and play，4 . We never told him that he probably wouldn‘t be 5 to run like the other children. So he didn’t know. In 6 grade he decided to join the school running team. Every day he trained. He ran more than any of the others， 7 only the top seven runners would be chosen to run for the 8 . We didn‘t tell him he probably would never make the team， so he didn’t know. He ran four to five mile every day - even when he had a fever. I was 9 ，so I went to 10 him after school. I found him running 11 . I asked him how he felt. “Okay，” he said. He has two more miles to go. Yet he looked straight ahead and kept 12 . Two weeks later， the names of the team 13 were caked. Joey was number six on the list. Joey had 14 the team. He was in seventh grade - the other six team members were all eighth graders. We never told him he couldn‘t do it … so he didn’t know. He just 15 it. 1. A. spent B. taken C. cost D. paid 2. A. talk B. sit C. study D. walk 3. A. after B. before C. during D. till 4. A. either B. too C. though D. yet 5. A. able B. sorry C. glad D. afraid 6. A. sixth B. seventh C. eighth D. ninth 7. A. so B. if C. then D. because 8. A. neighborhood B. familyC. school D. grade 9. A. excited B. tiredC. pleased D. worried 10. A. think about B. hear fromC. agree with D. look for 11. A. alone B. away C. almost D. already
2008高考英语复习完形填空精练三篇（附详细解析） 纵观近几年高考完形填空题，我们不难发现：1、语境选择项增多；2、选项设计一般为同 一词类，或属同一范畴；3、难选之处前后多有暗示；4、选材多为具有一定故事情节的记叙 文或以叙为主的议论文。 根据高考试题的特点和命题的发展趋势，在复习备考中，对记叙文、以叙为主的议论文 及某些具有一定哲理和教育意义的纯议论性短文都要加强练习。笔者精选三篇不同体裁的 典型文章进行供同学们练习，并附详细解析，希望能帮助同学们在这一题型上积累经验， 有所突破。 （ A ） In 1989 an 8.2 earthquake almost flattened America, killing over 30,000 people in less than four minutes. In the middle of complete damage and disorder, a father rushed to the school where his son was supposed to be, ___1__ that the building was ___2___. After the unforgettably shock, he ___3___ the promise he had made to his son: "No matter ___4___, I'll always be there for you!" And tears began to ___5___ his eyes. As he looked at the pile of ruins, it looked hopeless, but he kept remembering his ___6___ to his son. He rushed there and started ___7___ the ruins. As he was digging, other helpless parents arrived, ___8___: "It's too late! They're all dead! ___9___, face reality, there's nothing you can do!" To each parent he responded with ___10___: "Are you going to help me now?" No one helped. And then he continued to dig for his son, stone by stone. Courageously he went on alone because he needed to know ___11___: "Is my boy ___12____ or is he dead?" He dug for eight hours...12 hours...24 hours...36 hours...then, in ___13____ hour, he pulled back a large stone and heard his son's __14____. He screamed his son's name, "ARMAND!" He heard back, "Dad!?! It's me, Dad! I told the other kids not to worry. I told them that if you were alive, you __15____ me and __16____ you saved me, they'd be saved. You promised, 'No matter what happens, I'll always be there for you!' You did it, Dad!" "What's going on in there? " the father asked. "There are 14 of us __17____ __18____ 33, Dad. We're scared, hungry, thirsty and thankful you're here. When the building collapsed, it made __19____, and it saved us." "Come out, boy!" "No, Dad! Let the other kids out first, __20____ I know you'll get me! No matter what happens, I know you'll always be there for me!" 1. A. only discovering B. only to discover C. only realizing D. only to realize 2. A. as flat as a pancake B. as high as a mountain C. as strong as an ox D. as weak as a kitten