语法第四讲代词
代词分类
代词可分为人称代词（I , them, you等），
形容词性物主代词（my, your 等），
名词性物主代词（mine, hers等），
不定代词（anything, some等），
指示代词（this , that ,these, those等）
疑问代词（who, whatever, 等），
反身代词（myself, itself等），
相互代词（each other, one another）
关系代词（as, who, which等）等。
代词的一致
2.1由or, either...or, neither...nor, not only...but（also）接的词，如果数和性是一致的，就用其相应的代词；如果性和数不一致，代词与其临近的名词保持一致。
Neither he nor she wants to visit her uncle.
Not only my mother but also I care a lot about my father.
2.2each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, somebody等修饰主语或作主语时，相应的代词用单数。
Everybody talked at the top of his voice.
Everything is ready for the picnic, isn't it?
2.3[注]1。由any, every, no,some与body, one, thing构成的合成代词做主语时，代词一般用单数，依上下文定，用he,she或
it,his,her或its。
I shall be glad to help every one of the girls in her studies.
2.4代词所代替的对象为and，or 或nor连接的并列结构时：
2.4.1根据并列结构得意义决定单复数。
The editor and publisher of this magazine has been very strict with himself as well as his workers.
2.4.2由and连接的两个名词，若由each或every修饰，用单数代词；若两个名词分别为阳性和阴性，则使用he 或his
Every boy and girl got what he longed for.
Each man and woman has his own right.
2.4.3由or或nor连接的两个名词，其相应的代词与邻近的名词在性和数上保持一致。
Did John or Rose finish her homework?
Neither Peter nor his brother got what he wanted.
Neither Peter nor his sisters are willing to tell their
parents about the incident.
2.4.4表示国家、船只等事物的名词一般被看作阴性，用she 或her代替。
Our mother -----China
The ship struck on an iceberg, which tore a huge hole in her side
代词的排列顺序和功能
3.1.人称代词
3.1.4如果几个人称代词并列，应注意其排列次序。
3.1.
4.1第二人称+第一人称。例如：
Y ou and I ; you and us
3.1.
4.2第三人称+第一人称。例如：
My friends and I ; Henry and me
3.1.
4.3第二人称+第三人称。例如：
Y ou or they; you or them
3.1.
4.4第二人称+第三人称+第一人称。例如：
Y ou, him and me; you , Jim and I
3.1.
4.5第一人称+不定代词。例如：
We and ten others went on the trip.
I and anyone else will enjoy the music.
3.1.
4.6第一人称+带有后置定语的并列成分。例如：
I and the old man living next door.
We and the students of the college
2.1.4.7第一人称+第二或第三人称（在承担责任、承认错误、检讨工作时）。例如：
I and she are to blame.
We and the children spoiled the plan.
2.1.4.8父母、妻子、丈夫+第一人称+子女。例如：
My husband and I and our twin sons, Tom and Scott, will be going.
My mother and I and Tom once sat there in the park.
2.1.5用主格还是宾格
2.1.5.1在系动词后，在such as, the same thing as, other than, rather than, between, think of… being后，一般用主格或宾格皆可，口语中更多用宾格。例如：
It is she(或her).
It seems to be he(或him).
They thought of the law-breaker being he(或him).
He broke the window rather than she(her).
Nobody, other than he (him)went that way.
Between you and me(I), he is a liar.
2.1.5.2在think…to be…; imagine…to be; suppose…to be; look upon…as等后，多用宾格。例如：
They imagined the new manager to be me..
People supposed the best player to be her.
She looked upon me as him.
He thought the painters to be them.
注意：代词作补语时与动词“to be”前面的代词或名词同格。
通常的规则是：当A是B时，A 和B 同格
1]I was taken to be he. 我被认为是他。
2]They took me to be him.他们误认为我是他。
1]I thought it to be her. 我认为那就是她。
2]I thought (that) it was she.我认为那就是她。
【例】 Sorry, she took me to be .
[a]him [b]his
[c]he [d]he’s
[注].:在口语中常用It’s me.代替It’s I.
2.1.5.3有时用主格或宾格含义不同。例如:
A: She talked with Jim, not me.
(=She did not talk with me.)
B:She talked with Jim, not I .
(=I did not talk with Jim.)
A:He scolded everybody there and even her.
(He also scolded her.)
B:He scolded everybody there and even she.
(She also scolded everybody there.)
A:Jack treated the girl as kindly as me.
(as Jack treated me.)
B:Jack treated the girl as kindly as I .
(as I treated the girl.)
2.1.5.4 than 或as之前的主句里的动词为及物动词时，其后的代词作主语时用主格，作宾语时用宾格。试比较：
He likes Mary better than I.
他比我更喜欢马莉。
He likes Mary better than me.
他喜欢马莉甚于喜欢我。
2.1.6 at one’s best不同于at best.
英语中有些词组，仅因为形容词性物主代词一字之差，意义往往大不
相同。比较：
at one’s best
出色，处于最佳状态（表语）at best 至多，充其量（状语）for one’s good
为了某人的利益
for good 永远地
put one’s heart into
专注于….
put heart into sb.鼓舞某人
lose one’s heart to
爱上
lose heart灰心
The king went to his rest early.
那个国王死得早。(=died)
The king went to rest early.
那个国王睡得早。(went to bed)
Under no circumstances will he lose heart.
在任何情况下他都不会灰心。
The girl lost her heart to a foreign youth.
这位女孩爱上了一位外国青年。
2.1.7 for the life of me的含义
“定冠词或其他限定词+名词+ of+宾格人称代词”。这种结构常表示某种感情色彩。例如：
I will not for the life of me do it.
我无论如何也不会做那件事。
The failure will be the death of her.
这次失败对她来说是致命的。
I can’t for the soul of me do it.
(I can never)
I have never seen the like of him.
(=a man like him)
I have never seen the like of it.
(=anything so strange)
2.2不定代词
anything的用法及构成的惯用语。
like anything拼命地
if anything要说有什么两样的话
for anything（用于否定句）说什么也
or anything或是其他别的事
be anything of (an)+单数名词（用于条件句、疑问句、否定句）有点….的气质或味道
anything but+单数可数名词（形容词）一点…也不（not …at all）The man ran down the street like anything.
We won’t accept the conditions for anything.
He is anything but a scholar.
他根本称不上学者。
She isn’t anything of a musician.
她没有音乐家的气质。
She is anything between 15 and 18.
（anything用作副词）
=She is anywhere between 15and 18.
（anywhere用作副词）
她大约在15-18岁之间。
nothing的用法及构成的惯用语。
for nothing 免费（白白地）
come to nothing失败（无结果）
nothing like 没有….能比得上
be nothing to 不能与….相比
be nothing if not 非常
nothing but 只是（只有）
have nothing on sb.不比某人强
think nothing of 认为…没什么
nothing of a (an) 算不上，不具有…的能力He thought nothing of working eight hours on end.
他连续工作八个小时，一点也不觉得什么。
I think there is nothing like taking a walk as a means of keeping fit.
John had nothing on Henry in maths.
约翰的数学不比亨利强。
He is nothing if not optimistic.
他非常乐观。
He is nothing/little of a doctor, but much of (=quite)a quack
（quack n.庸医, 骗子）
他不是什么医生，只是个江湖郎中。
something的用法及构成的惯用语。
or something类似的…（不肯定时用）
something or other一件什么东西（一样什么东西）
be something of a (an)+单数可数名词（用于肯定句）有点…的味道或气质（有一定程度的）
have something of sb.抓住了…的把柄
He is a painter or something.
他是个画家或其他职业。
She is something of a scholar.
她有点学者气质。
It is something of a luck.
这也算得上幸运吧。
Note 1.: something可以表示“颇为重要的或值得重视的人或物”
He is something in our city.
他是我们市里的一个重要人物。
These printings are really something.
这些画确实不错。
Note 1.: something和somebody还可表示某个说不出确切名字的人或东西。例如：
I met Mary, Jim and somebody.
（和别的人）
He has seen something of life.
（略有阅历）
Y ou may ask Jack something to do it.
（名叫杰克的某人）
He is bad-tempered, selfish and something.
（等等）
everything的用法及构成的惯用语。
everything可以表示“最重要的人或物”
Money is everything to the greedy man.
对那个贪婪的人来说，金钱就是他的生命。
Quality is everything to them.
质量对于他们来说比什么都重要。
Money is something but health is everything.
金钱是重要的，但健康比什么都重要。
We should know something of everything and everything of something. 我们应该通百艺而专一长。
Note: somebody, everybody, anybody, anyone均可以表示“大人物、重要人物”反义词为nobody（小人物）
Is that man over there anybody?
那边那个个人是个大人物吗？
Everybody who was anybody attended the meeting.
重要的人物都参加了会议。
There were somebodies and nobodies at the party.
晚会上有大人物，也有小人物。
2.3反身代词
2.3.1反身代词还可以用作表语，表示某种身体状况等。例如：（身体不适）
Alice is not quite herself today.
（康复）
Well, you’re yourself again.
（很快康复）
The boy will be himself in no time.
（感觉好多了）
Now I feel more myself.
（振作起来！）
Be yourself!
2.3.2反身代词构成的惯用语
2.3.2.1 between ourselves 意为“咱俩私下说”“秘密地”，即不可告诉别人。相当于between you and me
注意：between ourselves和among ourselves的用法及区别
between ourselves意思为“咱俩私下说”“秘密地”，即不可告诉别人。
All this is between ourselves, don’t let anyone else know about it. among ourselves意思是“在我们之间”。
We discussed this question among ourselves.
【例】 Keep a secret, We’ll discuss it .
[a]between ourselves
[b] in ourselves
[c]among ourselves
[d]on ourselves
2.3.2.2 to +oneself, 意为“为单独所用，为单独所有”。例如：
He wished to have a room to himself.
他希望能有一间属于自己的房子。
2.3.2.3 for+oneself，意为“为自己，自己，亲自“。例如：
Y ou have to decide for yourself.
你得自己决定。
Be it right or wrong, you have a right to judge for yourself.
不管是对是错，你有权自己决定。
2.3.2.4 of oneself意为“自动地，自愿地”。例如：
The accident did not happen of itself.
这个事故是不会自动发生的。
She won’t give up of herself.
她是不会自动放弃的。
It will grow of itself.(naturally)
She apologized of herself.(voluntarily)
2.3.2.5 by oneself意为“alone; without help from others; automatically”，前面可加all表示强调。例如：
He will be by himself tomorrow.
他明天独自在家（在办公室）。
She decorated the house all by herself.
Can the machine work all by itself?
A:He did it himself. 他独立做那件事。
B: He did it of himself.他自愿做那件事。
2.3.2.6 in oneself意为“本身，本性”例如：
He is a kind man in himself.
他本身是一个善良的人。
That is a good suggestion in itself.
那本身是一个好主意。
Simplicity is in itself a form of beauty.
2.4关系代词
关系代词是一种引导从句起连接主句和从句的代词。
关系代词有who, whose, whom, that, which.
它们在句中可用作主语,表语,宾语,定语.
2.4.1关系代词whose与“名词+of which”
一般说，whose可以以人或物为先行词；以物为先行词时，一般均用“名词/代词+of which”，口语中尤其如此。
That’s the students whose brother is a basketball player.
That’s the painter whose works are so highly regarded.
At the scene there were two cigarettes left, one of which was stained with lipstick.
A compass has a needle, the ends of which always point north and south.
如果从句是限定性的定语从句，则往往用whose，而不用“名词+of which”的形式。
[误] He picked up the book the cover of which had been torn.
[正] He picked up the book whose cover had been torn.
【例】From time to time we must look up words .
[a]whose meaning we are not familiar
[b]we do not know their meaning
[c]meaning of which we do not know
[d]whose meaning we do not know.
2.4.2whoever和who ever的不同用法
●whoever可以作无先行词的关系代词，作“任何…的人
都”，“凡是…的人都”解，相当于anyone who，在
whoever引导的从句中做主语，
Whoever walks around in such a heavy rain will catch a cold.
●whoever可以引导让步状语从句，作“不论谁”，“不关
谁”解，相当于no matter who。
Whoever says (may say)so, it is wrong.
●而who ever是疑问代词who的强调用法。ever用在疑
问句who后面着重表达说话者的情绪，如惊讶，愤怒，
兴奋等。who ever等于who on earth或等于who in the
world。意思是“究竟谁”
Who ever told you such a stupid story?
究竟是谁告诉了你这样一件事？
[注]理解了whoever 与who ever 的区别，就容易理解以下各词的区别。
whatever----what ever
wherever-----where ever
whenever-----when ever
however------how ever
典型例题：
【例】There is no key to open the door.
[a]to which [b]with which
[c]that [d]whose
高中英语语法总结大全之代词 人称代词的用法 1）人称代词的主格在句子中作主语或主语补语，例如： John waited a while but eventually he went home. 约翰等了一会儿，最后他回家了。 John hoped the passenger would be Mary and indeed it was she. 约翰希望那位乘客是玛丽，还真是她。 说明：在复合句中，如果主句和从句主语相同，代词主语要用在从句中，名词主语用在主句中，例如： When he arrived, John went straight to the bank. 约翰一到就直接去银行了。 2）人称代词的宾格在句子中作宾语或介词宾语，但在口语中也能作主语补语，第一人称在省略句中，还可以作主语，例如： I saw her with them, at least, I thought it was her. 我看到她和他们在一起，至少我认为是她。（her做宾语，them做介词宾语，her作主语补语） a. -- Who broke the vase?--谁打碎了花瓶？ b. -- Me.--我。（me作主语补语= It's me.） 说明：在上面两例句中，her和me分别作主语补语。现代英语中多用宾格，在正式文体中这里应为she和I。 人称代词之主、宾格的替换 1) 宾格代替主格 a.在简短对话中，当人称代词单独使用或在not 后，多用宾语。 ---- I like English.--我喜欢英语。 ---- Me too.--我也喜欢。 ---- Have more wine?--再来点酒喝吗? ---- Not me.--我可不要了。 b.在表示比较的非正式的文体中，常用宾格代替主格。但如果比较状语的谓语保留，则主语只能用主格。 He is taller than I/me. He is taller than I am. 2) 主格代替宾格 a. 在介词but，except 后，有时可用主格代替宾格。 b. 在电话用语中常用主格。 ---- I wish to speak to Mary. --我想和玛丽通话。 ---- This is she. --我就是玛丽。 注意：在动词be 或to be 后的人称代词视其前面的名词或代词而定。 I thought it was she. 我以为是她。(主格----主格) I thought it to be her.(宾格----宾格) I was taken to be she.我被当成了她。(主格----主格) They took me to be her.他们把我当成了她。(宾格----宾格)
高考英语语法专题复习 三、代词 知识要点： 代词是代替名词、名词短语或句子的词。代词可分为人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、不定代词、疑问代词、相互代词、连接代词、关系代词等九类。 一、人称代词 人称代词在句中可以用作主语(用主格，如I, you, he, she, it, we, they, 等)和宾语(用宾格，如me, you, him, her, it, us, them等)： 人称代词的用法: 注：(1)在电话中或It is/was...that/who...强调句型中被强调部分做主语时，用主格： ---Is that Mr. Li? ---Yes. This is he. It’s I who did it. 这是我干的。 (2)单独使用的人称代词通常用宾格： “I’m tired.” “Me too.” “我累了。”“我也累了。”“Who wants this?” “Me.” “谁要这个？”“我要。” (3)有时用主格或宾格会导致意思的变化： I like you better than he. 我比他更喜欢你。为I like you better than he likes you. I like you better than him. 我喜欢你胜过喜欢他。为I like you better than I like him. (4)人称代词的排列顺序：单数人称代词通常按“二三一”排列，即you, he and I； 复数人称代词通常按“一二三”排列，即 we, you and they：You, he and I are of the same age. 你，他和我都是同一年龄。 We , you and they are all good citizens. 我们，你们和他们都是好公民。 但若用于承担责任或错误等场合，则可把第一人称 I 置于其他人称代词之前： Tom and I hope to go there. 汤姆和我想去那儿。I and Tom are to blame. 我和汤姆该受批评。 但是，you and I 是固定结构，语序通常不宜颠倒。 (5)人称代词后跟名词同位语。有些人称代词后有时可跟同位语： These small desks are for us students. 这些小课桌是给我们学生的。 We girls often go to the movies together. 我们女孩子常一起去看电影。 He asked you boys to be quiet. 他要你们男孩子安静些。 二、物主代词 物主代词分形容词性物主代词(my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their)和名词性物主代词(mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs)。形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，置于名词前，作定语；名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”，在句中作主语、宾语、表语、连用of作定语：His son is taller than hers. 他的儿子比她的儿子高。 Ours is a great country. 我们的国家是一个伟大的国家 Her son is a friend of ours. 她的儿子是我们的朋友。 This is your pen. Mine is in the box. 这是你的铅笔，我的在铅笔盒里。 注：(1) a friend of mine (ours, yours, hers, his, theirs)结构 (2) 物主代词与own 连用。表强调。也可用of one’s own置于名词后作定语： Mind your own business. 别管闲事。
英语语法代词归纳总结 一、单项选择代词 1．It’s impossible for all the people to get jobs because ______of them is not fit for them. A．every one B．all C．not all D．none 【答案】B 【解析】 【分析】 考查部分否定和不定代词。 【详解】 句意：所有的人都找到工作是不可能的，因为并不是所有的人都适合这些工作。此处all of them are not fit for them.是部分否定，意为：并不是所有的人都适合这些工作。故选B。【点睛】 英语中的部分否定有如下一些表示方法：1、all 的否定式：not all…（或：all…not）表示“并非都……”、“不是所有的都……”；2、both 的否定式：not…both (或：both… not) “并非两个……都……”；3、every…的否定式：not every…“不是每……都……”。 2．—There is still a copy of the book in the library．Will you go and borrow _____?—No．I’d rather buy ______ in the bookstore． A．one; one B．one; it C．it; one D．it; it 【答案】C 【解析】 指代物体时，one指代同名异物，it指代同名同物，根据题意选C。你要去买它吗？- 不，我宁愿去书店买一个。 3．You should make ______ a rule to leave things______ you can find them easily. A．it; where B．it; then C．that; there D．this; when 【答案】A 【解析】 考查代词及状语从句。句中it作形式宾语，真正宾语为to leave things where you can find them easily；where引导地点状语从句，选A。 4．It’s no use ______ about it. You can’t do anything to change it. A．worried B．to worry C．worrying D．worry 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：句意：担心它没用，你做什么多改变不了它。It’s no use doing sth.做某事没用。故选C。 考点：考查固定句式。
代词语法复习专题 代词分为九类：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词、指示代词\疑问代词、连接代词、不定代词、关系代词。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的作用。 1、人称代词 （1）人称代词作主语用主格，作宾语、表语用宾格，但应注意以下4中情况： ①作主语的人称代词如果孤立地使用于无谓语动词的句子中，或在这种句子中与动词不定式连用，常用宾格。 —Does any of you know where tom lives? —Me. What! Me (to)play him at chess? no! ②句子中代词作宾语或宾语补足语时，与所替代的名词在人称、数、格在意义上一般要保持前后一致。 The thief was thought to be he.(the thief是主格，故用he代替) They took me to be her.他们误以为我是她。（me是宾格，故用her替代） ③作表语人称代词一般用宾格，但在强调句型中，被强调部分代词的格不变。 I met her in the hospital.→Iit was her who I met in the hospital. ④在比较级的句子中than、as后用主格、宾格都可以。如：he is taller than me(i).但在下列句中有区别。 I like jack as much as her.=I like both jack and her. I like jack as much as she.=I like jack and she likes him, too. (2)两个以上的人称代词并列，其次序排列原则： ①在并列主语中，“i”总是放在最后，排列顺序为：二三一（人称）。宾格me也一样。 You ,she and i will be in charge of the case. Mr. Zhang asked Li Hua and me to help him. ②第三人称，男女两性并用，男先女后。 H e and she still don’t agree to the plan. (3)几个人称代词的特殊用法。 ①we/you(口语)常用来泛指一般人。 ②she可以代表国家、船只、大地、月亮等。 T he “titanic”was the largest, wasn’t she? 2.物主代词 （1）名词和形容词性物主代词各自的语法功能。 （2）one’s own…=...of one’s own句式的转换。 （3）某些固定结构中常用定冠词代替物主代词。 如：Take sb. by the arm, be wounded in the leg. 3.反身代词 （1）反身代词的语法功能：宾语、表语、主语或宾语的同位语。 （2）反身代词和某些动词连有，构成固定短语。 enjoy oneself, feel oneself, make oneself at home, make oneself understood （3）反身代词还可用于某些成语中。 for oneself为自己或独立地，of oneself自然地，自动地 by oneself独自地，in oneself本身性质，beside oneself喜怒哀愁至极 Tthis problem gets a chapter to itself.这个问题占了一章（独有）。 Just between ourselves, I don’t think much of him.私下地说我并不怎么看重他。
初中英语语法代词专项练习 —————人称代词、物指代词 （1）按要求写出下列代词的形式 1、I（宾格）________ 2、he（形容词性物主代词）________ 3、us（主格）________ 4、they（宾格）________ 5、she（宾格）________ 6、you（名词性物主代词）________ 7、it（宾格）________ 8、my（复数）________ 9、him（复数）________ 10、he（形容词性物主代词）________ 11、we（单数）________ 12、they（名词性物主代词）________ 13、I（反身代词）________ 14、you（反身代词）________ 15、she（反身代词）________ 16、he（反身代词）________ 17、it（反身代词）________ 18、I（反身代词）________ （2）选出括号中正确的词，在正确的词上打勾。 1. This is（my / I）mother. 2. Nice to meet （your / you）. 3.（He / His）name is Mark. 4. What’s（she / her）name? 5. Excuse（me / my / I）. 6. Are（your / you）Miss Li? 7.（I/ My）am Ben. 8.（She / Her）is my sister. 9. Fine , thank（your / you）. 10. How old is （he / his）? （3）用所给代词的正确形式填空 1. These are ______ ( he ) brothers. 2. That is _______( she ) sister. 3. Lily is _______ ( Lucy ) sister. 4. Tom, this is _____ ( me ) cousin, Mary. 5. Now _____________(her parent) are in America. 6. Those __________ ( child ) are _____ ( I ) father’s students. 7. Do you know ______ ( it ) name? 8. Mike and Tom _________( be ) friends. 9. Thanks for helping ________( I ). 10. ______(Ann安)mother is ______(we) teacher. （4）填上正确的人称代词和物主代词 1._____ is my friend. 他是我的朋友。 2. My dog likes _____. 我的狗喜欢她。 3. Who is there? It’s _____.是谁啊？是我。 4. Come with _____. 跟我来。 5. ______ classroom is bigger than ____. 你们的教室比我们的要大。 6. _____ are Chinese. 我们是中国人。 7.I want to buy some balloons for ______. 我想买些气球送给他。 8. These are ______ photos. 这些是我们的照片。 9. _____ like ______ very much. 他们非常喜欢它。 10. Let _____ give _____ a book. 让我给你一本书。
1. I, we, you, he, she, it, they me, us, you, him, her, it, til UH 2. my, our, your, his, her, its, their mine, ours, yours, his, hers, its, theirs 3. myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself ourselves, yourselves, tli eiin selves 4. each other ( ) one ano ther ( ) 5. this, that, these, til OS 6 6. who, whom, whose, which, wlwt 7. who, whom, whose, that( ),which, that, as, whose 8. all, each, either, neither, both, none, other, another, something, everything, no thi ng somebody, everybody, n obody some one, every one, no one, many, much, few, 嗦 1. Joh n waited a while but even tually he went home. John hoped Hie passenger would be Mary and indeed ii was she. 句中。When he arrived , John went straight to the bank.约翰一到就直接去银行了。 2?人称代词的宾格在句子中作宾语或介词宾语，但在口语中也能作主语补语，第一人称在
初中英语语法归纳：代词 代词(pron.)代替名词,兼有名词和形容词的作用 (一)代词的类别 相互代词 each other,one another 指示代词 this,that,these,those 不定代词(不指明特定的人或事物的代 词)each,every,both,all,either,neither,none,no,one,(a)few,(a)little,some,any,man y,much,other,another 复合不定代词 everybody,somebody,anybody,nobody,everyone,someone,anyone,no one,every-thing,something,anything,nothing 疑问代词 what,who,whom,which,whose 直接代词疑问代词都可作连接代词，引导宾语从句。表语从句等。 关系代词 who,whom,whose,that,which用引导定语从句。 (二)代词的用法 1.人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词和指示代词的用法 (1)人称代词有主格和宾格之分，主格用来作主语，宾格用来作动词或介词的宾语等。 eg. She gave me a red apple.她给了我一个红苹果： (She作主语,me作动词宾语) Kath is near him.凯西靠近他。(介词near的宾语) 2.物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词之分。 ①形容词性物主代词位于名词前：their school,his backpack ②名词性物主代词相当干一个名词,在句中可作主语、宾语等，后面不能再接名词。 egIt isn’t my pen.→Mine(=my pen) is missing.(作主语) I left my pen at home. You can use hers(=her pen),(作宾语) ③“of+名词性物主代词”属双重所有格的一种形式。 cat of hers她的一条狗,a friend of yours你的一个朋友 3.反身代词 ①反身代词在句中可作同位语，起强调作用，也可作动词或介词的宾语。 few days later,I myself had to go to Paris.(作同位语) She bought herself a new bag.(作动词宾语) He’s not worried about himself.(作介词宾语) ②带有反身代词的常用短语。 teach oneself 自学 help oneself to 随便吃些…吧
外研版英语【语法专项练习】代词专项练习 一、初中英语代词 1．— What are you going to give your mother for her birthday? — I think I'll buy her ______________. A. something special B. special something C. anything special D. special anything 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：——你打算送给你妈妈什么生日礼物？——我想我会给她买一些特别的东西。A、一些特别的东西，B、一些特别的东西，C、一些特别的东西，D、一些特别的东西，something，一些东西，复合不定代词，常用于肯定句，形容词修饰复合不定代词，形容词要放在复合不定代词的后面，故答案为A。 【点评】考查复合不定代词的用法，注意识记词与词之间的修饰关系和它们的位置。 2．Nowadays many people prefer to keep in touch with ______________ friends online. A. they B. them C. their D. theirs 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：现在年轻人更喜欢在网上跟他们的朋友保持联系。A.他们，主格人称代词；B.他们，宾格人称代词；C.他们的，形容词性物主代词；D.他们的，名词性物主代词。空缺处需要定语修饰friends，因此使用形容词性物主代词，故答案是C。 【点评】考查代词辨析，注意形容词性物主代词可以作定语修饰名词。 3．We just hope that Tom will bring _______________ good news back home this time. A. a few B. some C. many D. little 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：我们只希望汤姆这次能带些好消息回家。A 一些，其后跟可数名词复数；B 一些，后跟可数名词复数或不可数；C 一些，很多，后跟可数名词复数；D 几乎没有，其后跟不可数名词。根据题干中的hope，可知此句表示肯定意义，且news是不可数名词，故选B。 【点评】考查不定代词的辨析。注意熟记不定代词的基本含义及用法。 4．Help ________ to some juice, children. A. you B. yourselves C. me D. myself 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：孩子们，请随便喝点果汁。A.你，人称代词主格或宾格；B.你自己，你们自己，反身代词；C.我，人称代词宾格；D.我自己，反身代词； help oneself to sth. 随便吃/喝……，固定短语，所以此处需要反身代词，排除A和C；根据句意和句中children可知，此处是指让孩子们随便喝点果汁，应该用你们自己，故选B。 【点评】考查固定短语和代词辨析。注意固定短语help oneself to sth.的用法。 5．— It's very cold today.
高中英语语法---代词 代词分为九类：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词、指示代词\疑问代词、连接代词、不定代词、关系代词。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的作用。 1、人称代词 （1）人称代词作主语用主格，作宾语、表语用宾格，但应注意以下情况：在比较级的句子中than、as后用主格、宾格都可以。如：He is taller than me (2)两个以上的人称代词并列，其次序排列原则： ①在并列主语中，“I”总是放在最后，排列顺序为：二三一（人称）。宾格me也一样。 You ,she and I will be in charge of the case. Mr.Zhang asked Li Hua and me to help him. ②第三人称，男女两性并用，男先女后。 He and she still don’t agree to the plan. (3)几个人称代词的特殊用法。 ①we/you(口语)常用来泛指一般人。 ②she可以代表国家、船只、大地、月亮等。 The “Titanic”was the largest, wasn’t she?
2.物主代词 （1）名词和形容词性物主代词各自的语法功能。 （2）one’s own…=...of one’s own句式的转换。 3.反身代词 （1）反身代词的语法功能：宾语、表语、主语或宾语的同位语。 （2）反身代词和某些动词连有，构成固定短语。 enjoy oneself, feel oneself, make oneself at home, make oneself understood （3）反身代词还可用于某些成语中。 for oneself为自己或独立地，of oneself自然地，自动地by oneself独自地，in oneself本身性质，beside oneself喜怒哀愁至极 This problem gets a chapter to itself.这个问题占了一章（独有）。 Just between ourselves, I don’t think much of him.私下地说我并不怎么看重他。 They were discussing about it among themselves.（相互共同） Left to himself he began to write.别人走后只留下他，他写了起来。 4.相互代词（each other, one another） 相互代词无人称、数和格的区别，在句中作宾语。其所有格分别为each
代词 人称代词:I, you, he, she, we, they, me, him, her…. 物主代词:my, your, mine, yours, their, theirs, its… 反身代词:myself, himself, ourselves, itself… 相互代词:each other, one another 指示代词:this, that, these, those 疑问代词:who, whom, whose, what, which… 关系代词:who, whom, whose, which… 连接代词:who, whom, whose, which 不定代词:all, both, one, some, few, either, any, other, another, many, none… 一、人称代词 主格：I, you, she, he, their, we 宾格: me, you, her, him, their, us (1) 宾格代替主格 a.在简短对话中，当人称代词单独使用或在not 后，多用宾语。 ---- I like English. --我喜欢英语。 ---- Me too. --我也喜欢。 ---- Have more wine? --再来点酒喝吗? ---- Not me. --我可不要了。 b.在比较级的句子中than、as后用主格、宾格都可以 ,如： He is taller than I/me. 但在下列句中有区别： I like Jack as much as her.=I like both Jack and her. I like Jack as much as she.=I like Jack and she likes him, too (2)两个以上的人称代词并列，其次序排列原则：
高中英语语法之代词 【英语语法】 高考英语语法:高中英语语法－代词 代词是用来指代人或事物的词。代词可分为下列八类： 一、人称代词（Ｐｅrｓonａl Pronouns ) we , Ｉ, you ，thｅy, uｓ，me，etｃ. 二、物主代词( Poｓｓｅssive Pronoｕns ) our，ｍy ，ｙour, theiｒ,hｉs，her, ｅtc. 三、反身代词(RｅflecｔiｖｅPronｏunｓ) oursｅlves，myself，yourｓelｖes, ｙoｕrｓeｌｆ,hｅｒｓelｆ，etc． 四、相互代词( Rｅciprocal Pｒｏnouns ) each other ，onｅａｎother , etｃ. 五、指示代词( Demｏnsｔrative Pｒonouns ）this ，tha ｔ，thesｅ, those ，such ，ｅtc. 六、疑问代词( Interｒogative Proｎouns) ｗhａｔ,ｗｈeｎ，whｏ, wherｅ, whoｓe, etｃ. 七、关系代词(RｅlaｔivｅPｒｏnouns)wｈａt, wｈｅn, ｗhｏ, where, ｗhose , etc. 八、不定代词( Indefinｉｔe Pronouns ) aｎy , sｏmｅ，eve ｒｙ，mａｎy ,muｃh，a littlｅ, ｅtｃ. 我们对代词是很熟悉的，因此我不打算逐个地介绍每一类代词;我只想较具体地说明几个在使用代词时应注意的问题。 （一）指代必须准确无误
我们知道代词是用来指代人或事物的词，那么如果在使用代词时指代不清楚,就会引起他人的误解、费解、甚至不理解.例如： Wｈｉlｅcarrying the ｐａint ｃan ｆroｍｔhe gａrag ｅｔo the hｏuse,Ｍarry wａs afrａｉd that somｅoｆit mｉghｔspill on ｈer newｓｋirt．当玛莉从车库把油漆罐搬到屋里时,她担心油漆会溅到她的新裙子上。 （二）关于人称代词、反身代词、物主代词在使用这三类代词时，我们要注意它们在句中的人称、单复数、及性和格的一致性。 (三)反身代词的作用 反身代词在句子中可作宾语:当它作动词宾语时，动作的执行者与承受者往往是同一个人或同一件事物;当它作介词by的宾语时,则表示强调。例： Tｈe prisｏnｅr kiｌled ｈｉmself by taking ｐｏiｓon. 犯人服毒自杀了。 Heｆinished the wｏrk bｙhimself．他独自完成了那件工作。 反身代词在句子中也可作同位语，用来加强名词或代词的语气，强调某人亲自、 本人；这时它可能在名词、代词之后，也可能在句子末尾。例: Thｅstｕdenｔｓｗill cleａn the cｌａssｒｏom ｔhemselves．学生们将自己打扫教室。 Ｉmyselｆheard him say iｔ．我亲耳听他说的。 （四）物主代词
初中英语语法专项习题—代词一、人称代词、物主代词和反身代词 温馨提示：考查人称代词时，该词谓语动词前用主格形式，在行为动词和介词后则用宾格形式，而在名词前应该用形容词性物主代词，如果物主代词后省略了被修饰的名词，就用名词性物主代词。在考题中如果有“亲自、独自、自己”等含义，或出现一些由by等连接的固定搭配时，则用反身代词。 1. 人称代词 人称代词用来指人、动物或事物的代词，分为主格和宾格。主格作主语，宾格作宾语。 小试牛刀： ( ) 1 Though it rained heavily, _______ were still playing on the playground. A. they B. them C. their D. themselves ( ) 2 Tom and _______ will go to see our teacher, for ________ is ill. A. I; she B. me; she C. I; her D. me; her ( ) 3 Only_________know it. A. I and he B. he and you C. he and I D. I and you ( ) 4 I saw ________ playing in the street at that time. A. them B. they C. their D. theirs ( ) 5 Jim will give _________ a short talk tomorrow. A. we B. us C. our D. ours
语法专题二：代词 代词是英语中非常重要的一类词，也是高考必考考点。《2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》附录语法项目表中对代词考查列了六项：①人称代词②物主代词③反身代词④指示代词⑤不定代词⑥疑问代词。 2015年高考全国卷Ⅰ第54题（完形填空）考查的是代词whoever、whatever、whichever与whenever的辨析；第63题（语法填空）考查的是its的用法；第78题（短文改错）考查的是不定代词much与many的辨析，第80题（短文改错）考查的是your与our的辨析。 2016年高考全国卷Ⅰ第44题（完形填空）考查的是代词each，another，this与that的辨析；第68题（语法填空）考查的是its的用法（给出代词it，根据题意须将其变为its）；第71题（短文改错）考查的是关系代词that与which的辨析；第79题（短文改错）考查的是our与his的辨析。 2017高考全国卷Ⅰ第70题考查的是关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句。
III.不定代词用法注意点： 1. one, some与any: 1) one可以泛指任何人，也可特指，复数为ones。some多用于肯定句，any多用于疑问句和否定句。 One should learn to think of others. Have you any bookmarks? No, I don’t have any bookmarks. I have some questions to ask. 2) some可用于疑问句中，表示盼望得到肯定的答复，或者表示建议，请求等。 Would you like some bananas? Could you give me some money? 3) some 和any修饰可数名词单数时，some表示某个，any表示任何一个。 I have read this article in some magazine. Please correct the mistakes, if any. 4) some和数词连用表示“大约”，any可与比较级连用表示程度。 There are some 3,000 students in this school. Do you feel any better today? 2. each和every: each强调个别，代表的数可以是两个或两个以上，而every强调整体，所指的数必须是三个或三个以上。 Each student has a pocket dictionary. Each (of us) has a dictionary. We each have a dictionary. Every student has strong and weak points. Every one of us has strong and weak points. 3. none和no： no等于not any，作定语。none作主语或宾语，代替不可数名词，谓语用单数，代替可数名词，谓语单复数皆可以。There is no water in the bottle. How much water is there in the bottle? None. None of the students are (is) afraid of difficulties. 4. other和another: 1) other泛指“另外的，别的”常与其他词连用，如：the other day, every other week, some other reason, no other way, the other特指两者中的另外一个，复数为the others。如： He held a book in one hand and his notes in the other. Two students in our class failed, but all the others passed the exam. 2) another指“又一个，另一个”无所指，复数形式是others，泛指“别的人或事”如： I don’t like this shirt, please show me another (one).
一、选择题 1．Don' t you think _ _ necessary for friends to trust each other? A．one B．that C．those D．it 2．Did you buy ________ in the supermarket? A．anything delicious B．delicious anything C．something delicious D．delicious something 3．Some farmers ________how to feed chickens. A．taught I B．taught us C．taught she D．taught we 4．—Sonia, is this your dictionary? —Oh, no, it’s not ______. Ask Li Lei. He is looking for ______. A．me; hers B．mine; him C．my; her D．mine; his 5．Success comes from hard work. Lazy people can achieve . A．everything B．something C．nothing D．anything 6．—When is your father’s birthday? —________ birthday is on April 2nd. A．He B．She C．His D．Him 7．—Can I come this evening or tomorrow morning? —_______is OK. I’m busy today an d tomorrow. A．None B．All C．Both D．Neither 8．Mr. Wang recommended me a few foreign movies, but ____was to my taste. A．all B．neither C．nothing D．none 9．—Shall we sit in the corner or by the window? —. I don’t mind. A．Both B．Neither C．No D．Either 10．I’m surprised at the new look of hometown. A．I B．me C．my D．mine 11．---Lisa, would you like to climb Yuelu Mountain with me tomorrow? ---I'd love to, but I have the driving test tomorrow. Let’s make it day. A．other B．another C．the other 12．I think ______ important to prepare more food for tomorrow’s party. A．that B．it C．this D．us 13．--The story is so amazing! It’s the most interesting story I’ve ever read. --But I’m afraid it won’t be liked by________. A．everybody B．somebody C．anybody D．nobody 14．—Could you tell me how many classes you have on Friday afternoon? —___________. We can take part in activities in any club we like. A．Neither B．Either C．Nothing D．None 15．_____ in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.
代词专项练习 —————人称代词、物指代词 （1）按要求写出下列代词的形式 1、I（宾格）________ 2、he（形容词性物主代词）________ 3、us（主格）________ 4、they（宾格）________ 5、she（宾格）________ 6、you（名词性物主代词）________ 7、it（宾格）________ 8、my（复数）________ 9、him（复数）________ 10、he（形容词性物主代词）________ 11、we（单数）________ 12、they（名词性物主代词）________ 13、I（反身代词）________ 14、you（反身代词）________ 15、she（反身代词）________ 16、he（反身代词）________ 17、it（反身代词）________ 18、I（反身代词）________ （2）选出括号中正确的词，在正确的词上打勾。 1. This is（my / I）mother. 2. Nice to meet （your / you）. 3.（He / His）name is Mark. 4. What’s（she / her）name? 5. Excuse（me / my / I）. 6. Are（your / you）Miss Li? 7.（I/ My）am Ben. 8.（She / Her）is my sister. 9. Fine , thank（your / you）. 10. How old is （he / his）? （3）用所给代词的正确形式填空 1. These are ______ ( he ) brothers. 2. That is _______( she ) sister. 3. Lily is _______ ( Lucy ) sister. 4. Tom, this is _____ ( me ) cousin, Mary. 5. Now _____________(her parent) are in America. 6. Those __________ ( child ) are _____ ( I ) father’s students. 7. Do you know ______ ( it ) name? 8. Mike and Tom _________( be ) friends. 9. Thanks for helping ________( I ). 10. ______(Ann安)mother is ______(we) teacher. （4）填上正确的人称代词和物主代词 1._____ is my friend. 他是我的朋友。 2. My dog likes _____. 我的狗喜欢她。 3. Who is there? It’s _____.是谁啊？是我。 4. Come with _____. 跟我来。 5. ______ classroom is bigger than ____. 你们的教室比我们的要大。 6. _____ are Chinese. 我们是中国人。 7.I want to buy some balloons for ______. 我想买些气球送给他。 8. These are ______ photos. 这些是我们的照片。 9. _____ like ______ very much. 他们非常喜欢它。 10. Let _____ give _____ a book. 让我给你一本书。 （5）用物指代词填空 1. I own（拥有）that cat; that cat is ____ . 2. You own that cat: that cat is ____ .