巧学妙记
1、巧记动词不定式根本用法
口诀 不定式有标记， to 与动原连一起。 动词特点它具备。 唯独作谓不可以。 否认结构要牢记。 构成短语有意义。 准确判断有依据，
to do sth not to do what / how/ when/ where... to do 2、巧记接不定式做宾语的动词
我和我的爸爸妈妈 W H W D E P P M M A 三个希望两容许〔 hope, wish,
want, agree, promise 〕
一个要求莫拒绝〔 demand, refuse 〕
设法学会做决定〔 manage, learn, decide 〕 不要假装在选择〔 pretend,
choose 〕
3、巧记接疑问词加 to do 做宾语的常见动词 学会忘记是有难处〔 learn,
forget 〕 想知道就别来劝阻〔 wonder, know, advise 〕 展开讨论教人对付
〔 show, discuss, teach 〕 弄清楚才决定告诉〔 find out, decide, tell)
4、巧记既可以跟动名词也可以跟不定式的动词 一旦开场莫懊悔〔 begin, start, regret 〕 爱憎清楚要切记〔 like, love, hate, remember, forget 〕
继续努力有打算〔 continue, try, mean 〕 三个需要由你选〔 need, want,
require, prefer 〕
5、巧记后接省略 to 的不定式 五看〔 see, watch, look at, notice 〕
二听〔 listen to, hear 〕
一感〔 feel 〕
三让〔 let, make, have 〕
一个 help 两均可
6、巧记少数后面只能用动名词做宾语的动词 喜欢考虑不可免〔 enjoy,
consider, escape, avoid 〕
停止放弃太冒险〔 stop, give up, risk 〕
介意想象莫推延〔 mind, imagine, delay, put off 〕
要求完成是期望〔 require, finish, look forward to 〕 建议继续勤练习
〔 suggest, go on, practise 〕 不禁原谅要坚持〔 can't help, excuse, insist on 〕 继续注意使成功〔 keep on, mind, succeed in 〕
没有人称数变化， 主宾定补表状语， not 加上不定式， 疑问词与不定式，
仔细推敲多思
非谓语动词作宾语
1． I don't allow __ in my drawing room. I don't allow my family ___ at all.
A. smoking ；to smoke
B. to smoke ； smoking
C. to smoke ； to smoke
D. smoking ； smoking
2． Your clothes need __ .
A. washed
B. to be washed
C. to wash
D. being washing
3． This bike is not worthy __ .
A. to be repaired
B. of repairing
C. to repair
D. repairing
4． ___ provides us with essential nutrients, while ____ provides us with oxygen.
A. To eat ； breathing
B. Eating ； to breathe
C. Eating ； breathing
D. Eaten ； breathed
5． Rebecca was unhappy for __ the first chance to go abroad.
A. not having been given
B. not having given
C. not giving
D. having been given
6． ___ is better to love than ___ .
9． -What do you think about English? -It's a difficult language .
A. speaking
B. to be spoken
C. to speak
D. spoken 10． He would rather stay at home than __ out with you.
A. go
B. to go
C. going
D. goes 11． I'm considering your offer.
A. to have accepted
B. being accepted
C. accepting
D. to accept 12． -What's made Ruth so upset?
- ____ three tickets to the folk music concert.
A. Lost
B. Losing
C. Because of losing
D. Since she lost
13． Before ___ to the college, he had to go through an examination.
A. admitting
B. to admit
C. being admitted
D. having been admitting
14． She pretended ___ me when I passed by.
A. not to see
B. not seeing
C. to not see
D. having not seen 15． The story was so funny that we .
A. That ； to be loved
B. That ； be love
C. It ； be loved 7． I've got the loaf A. cutting it by
C. to cut it with
D. It ； to be loved
now I'm looking for a bread knife ____
B. cutting it with D. to cut it by 8． I'm glad __ by him yesterday.
A. not be seen
B. to not have been seen
C. not to have been seen
D. not to have seen
A. couldn't help laugh
B. can't but laugh
C. couldn't help laughing
D. couldn't help but to laugh Don't forget this book to John when you see him. A. to return B. returning C. return D. to returning -It's getting very late. Maybe we shouldn't go. - No, let's go. Getting there late is better than at all. A. we don't arrive B. to arrive not C. not to arrive D. not arriving Only one of these books is . A. worth to read B. worth being read C. worth of reading D. worth reading We are both looking forward to next week. A. going on vacation B. go on vacation C. be going on vacation D. have gone on vacation Remember the newspaper when you have finished it. A. putting back B . having put back C. to put back D. will put back He had no difficulty the problems. A. working out B. having worked out C. to have worked out D. to work out The sentence wants once more. A. to explain B. explaining C. being explained D. to be explained it Articles used by patients must be disinfected before others. A. using B. being used by C. used by D. being using I regretted that to her. A. having said B. to have said C. to say D. / Our monitor suggested a discussion of the subject. A. to have B. should have C. have D. having I can't understand at her. A. you laugh B. you to laugh C. why laugh D. your laughing In order to reach the top of the hill in six hours, they try . A. to climb the mountain hardly B. hard to climb the mountain C. to climb hardly the mountain D. to climb the mountain hard I happened the article when he asked me about it. A. having read B. to have read C. to be read D. reading He is said to London already. A. having sent B. to be sending C. to have been sent D. being sent The little boy insisted on with a cake.
16．
17
．
18
．
19
．
20
．
21
．
22
．
23
．
24
．
25
．
26
．
27
．
28
．
29．
A. being served
B. to be served
C. serving
D. serve Mr. Crossett seemed _____ the visitor somewhere before. A. meeting B. to have met C. to be meeting D. to meet He asked who was the man on. A. to be operating B. operating C. to operate D. being operated I apologize for my promise.
-What do you think of this school? -It is a very good . A. studying school B. school for children to study C. school to study in D. school to study He loves parties. He is always the first _ and the last ____
A. of coming ； of leaving
B. comes ； leaves
C. to come ； to leave
D. coming ； leaving Before liberation he had no chance
_________________________________ . A. of going to the school B. to go to school C. to go to the school D. going to school You'd better her the bad news now.
A. don't tell
B. not tell
C. won't tell
D. not to tell
31
．
32
．
33
．
34
．
35．
36．
37． 38
．
39
．
40
．
A. not having kept
B. being kept
C. not to have kept He doesn't like ____
D. having not kept in public. A. praising B. to be praised C. to praise D. praised The doctor was careful A. not having told C. to not tell Will you ____ me ___ ___ the patient the truth. B. not to tell D. not telling out this problem myself? A. forbid ； to work B. allow ； work C. let ； work D. permit ； working
1. I like ________ very much, but I don t like' _________ this
morning.
A. swimming, swimming
B. to swim, to swim
C. swimming, to swim
D. to swim, swimming
2. Little Jim should love _________ to the theatre this evening.
A. to be taken
B. to take
C. being taken
D. taking
3. Remember _________ the newspaperr when you havefinished it.
A. putting back
B. having put back
C. to put back
D. will put back
4. Henryalways forgets things he hasdone. Yesterdayhe forgot _____
a_ndlooked for it everywhere.
A. to post the letter
B. to have the letter posted
C. to have posted the letter
D. having posted the letter
5. My brother regretted _________ a lecture given by Professor Liu.
A. missing
B. to miss
C. missed
D. being missed
6. I regret _________ you that we are unable to offer you a job.
A. informing
B. having informed
C. to inform
D.toinforming
7. I felt tired with walking, so I stopped ________ a break for an hour.
A. having
B. to have
C. taking
D. to taking
8. --- “What can we do to help Li Hai. 〞
--- “All we can do is to try ________ tha t he ought to study more.
A. making him to realize
B. making him realize
C. to make him realize
D. to make him to realize
9. The grass has grown so tall that it needs _______ .
A. to cut
B. to be cut it
C. cutting
D. being cut
10. You didn 't need _________ him the news; it just made him sad.
A. telling
B. tell
C. to tell
D. that you would tell
11. These young trees require ________ carefully.
A. looking after
B. to look after
C. to be looked at
D. looking for
12. The sentence wants _________ once more.
A.to explain
B. explaining
C. being explained
D.tobe explained it
13. He hasn 'tgot used _________ in the countryside yet.
A. live
B. to live
C. to living
D. living
14. A very well-known person ________ in this house.
A. is used to live
B. used to live
C. is used to living
D. used to living
15. The clock was beginning _________ twelve and everybody held their breath.
A. strike
B. to strike
C. striking
D. struck
16. I begin _________ the meaning, which begins ________ .
A. understanding, to be clear
B. to understand, to be clear
C. understanding, being clear
D. to understand, being clear
17. The police forbid ________ here.
A. park
B. parking
C. to park
D. to be parked
18. The heavy rain forbade me _________ to school.
A. from my coming
B. to come
C. come
D. my coming
19. Tom 's parents do not allow Tom ________ swimming.
A. going
B. to go
C. go
D. goes
20. Sorry, we don t'allow _________ in the lecture room.
A. to smoke
B. smoke
C. smoking
D. to smoking
21. Visitors are not permitted _________ the park after dark, because of the lack of lighting.
A. to enter
B. entering
C. to enter in
D. entering in
22. They don 't permit _________ noise her.
A. to make
B. make
C. making
D. made
23. Missing the train means _________ for an hour.
A. to wait
B. to be waited
C. being waited
D. waiting
24. I meant ________ you, but I was so busy.
A. to call on
B. calling on
C. to call at
D. calling at
25. I would appreciate _________ back this afternoon.
A. you to call
B. you call
C. your calling
D.you 're calling
26. She enjoys ________ light music.
A. to hear
B. hearing
C. listening to
D. to listen to
27. You can keep the book until you _________ .
A. have finished reading
B. finish to read
C. will finish reading
D. have finished to read
28. Ali said that she wouldn t m'ind _________ alone at home.
A. left
B. being left
C. to be left
D. leaving
29. If you keep ________ English, you can learn English well.
A. practising speak
B. practising speaking
C. practising to speak
D. to practise spoken
30. Our monitor suggested ________ a discussion of the subject.
A. to have
B. should have
C. have
D. having
31. We are considering ________ a new plan.
A. making
B. being made
C. to make
D. to have made
32. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed ________ .
A. catching
B. to be caught
C. being caught
D. to catch
33. Can you imagine yourself _________ on a desert island?
A. staying
B. stay
C. have stayed
D. being stayed
34. We can understand why he avoids _________ to us.
A. to speak
B. speech
C. having spoken
D. speaking
35. Please excuse my ________ in without ________ .
C. to come, being asked
D. coming, being asked 36. Why have they delayed _________ the new school?
A. opening
B. to open
C. having opened
D. to have opened
37. She _________ the key.
A. admited taking
B. admitted taking
C. admitted having taken
D. admitted to have taken
38. I got to the station earlier than others. I couldn
't risk ____________
the train.
A. missing
B. would miss
C. to miss
D. missed
39. I hope ________ him as soon as possible.
A. see
B. seeing
C. to see
D. to have seen 40. I expected ________ your friend, but my car broke down on the way.
A. I 'll meet
B. meeting
C. to meeting
D. to meet
41. We are planning ________ Europe this summer.
A. to pay a visit
B. pay a visit to
C. visiting
D. to visit
42. She told me that she had decided ________ again.
A. be not late
B. not be late
C. not to be late
D. to be not late
43. Almost everyone fails _________ on the first try.
A. in passing his driver 's test
C. to have passed his driver
D. passing his driver 's test
A. come, asking
B. coming, asking B. to pass his driver s test s test
44. The two weavers pretended ________ very hard, though they did nothing at the looms.
A. work
B. working
C. to be work
D. to be working
45. When he got off the train, it happened ________ .
A. to rain
B. to be raining
C. raining
D. to raining
非谓语动词作宾语补足语 定义：宾语补足语通常是位于宾语之后，说明宾语的状态、特征的成分，多由名词,形容词、副词、不定式,动名词个分词充当. 如：The sun keeps us warm. We call her Jenny. They found him out. Make yourself at home. They wish you to go with them. I heard him singing. You must get your hair cut. 宾语+宾语补足语=复合宾语，宾语和宾语补足语之间在逻辑上往往有主表、或者主谓的关系. 一、动词不定式作宾补。 1.V1 + sb. + to do sth. 常用动词有：advise 建议allow 允许ask 叫，请bear 忍受 beg 乞求cause 导致command 命令encourage 鼓励expect 期待forbid 禁止force 迫使get 使 hate 讨厌help 帮助intend 想要invite 邀请 leave 让like 喜欢mean 打算need 需要 oblige 迫使order 命令permit 允许persuade 说服 prefer 宁愿request 请求remind 提醒teach 教 tell 告诉trouble 麻烦want 想要warn 警告 wish 希望wait for 等would like 想要would love 想要would prefer 宁愿 persuade (劝说）sb to do sth = persuade sb into doing sth 温馨提示： 1.advise, forbid,allow, permit 这四个词后既可以直接加动名词作宾语，也可以接不定式作宾语补足语，即构成 doing sth advise/ forbid/ allow/ permit sb to do sth 2.fear, excuse, refuse, insist, hope, suggest, agree, decide, demand, thank, arrange 等动词后不可接sb to do sth。 They forbade her to leave the country. 他们禁止她离开国家。 Please remind me not to be late for the meeting. 请提醒我开会不要迟到。3.He asked me to keep my word. 他要我信守承诺。 练习： Exercise1 1.I didn’t want my parents (help ) me. 2.We’d prefer you ( take ) the job instead of Zhang. 3.The school ordered all the classroom ( clean ). 4.My parents expect me ( go )to a ideal university. 5.Joan promised the dinner ( cook ) before we returned. 6.The doctor advised the patient ( take ) two pills every four hours. 7.My advisor encouraged a summer course to improve my writing skills. (北京卷) A.for me taking B. me taking C. for me to take D. me to take 8.The teacher asked us so much noise. (北京卷) A.don’t make B. not make C. not making D. not to make 9.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him . (全国卷) A.not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not do 二、在感官动词(feel, listen to, hear, see, look at, watch, notice 等)和使役动词(make, let, have)后，要用不带to 的不定式作宾补。但在这些动词的被动式(如果可以变为被动式的话) 后用作主语补足语的不定式要带to。 The boss made her work long hours. 主语谓语宾语宾补 She was made to work long hours (by her boss). 主语谓语主补 诀窍：某些动词真奇怪，to 来to 去令人猜； 主动语态to 离开，被动语态to 回来。 记忆方法：一感(feel)、二听(hear, listen to)、三让(let, have, make)、五看(see, look at, watch, notice，observe)。 注：(1) 动词help 后，可以加to,也可以省略to. I will help him (to) clean the room.。 Lucy often helps her brother (to) learn English. 口诀：宾补省to 有习惯，只有动词十一个半：五“看”二“听”一“感觉”，三个“使役”紧跟着。一个“帮助”两均可，牢记保你不出错。 练习： 1.Though he had often made his little sister , today he was made by his little sister.
非谓语动词 【非谓语动词】 构成：（to）+动词原形 动词不定式 非在句中的作用（除谓语动词外的任何成分） 谓构成：V.-ing 语动名词 动用法（主、宾、表、定） 词 构成：V. -ing / V.-ed（规则变化） 分词 用法（表、补、定、状） （一）动名词 一、动名词的构成：动名词一般由“动词原形+ing”构成 二、动名词的句法功能 注意：英语中有一些词后面常跟动名词作宾语。我们初中阶段常见的有：finish, mind, be worth, be busy, practice, have fun, have trouble/problem（in）, spend...（in）, feel like, be used to（习惯于）, give up, keep on, consider, suggest, can't help。我们可按下面的顺口溜记忆这些词。 完成实践值得忙（finish, practice, be worth, be busy） 继续习惯别放弃（keep on, be used to, give up） 考虑建议不禁想（consider, suggest, can't help, feel like） 喜欢思念要介意（enjoy, miss, mind） （二）动词不定式 一、动词不定时的构成 不定时的基本形式为：to+动词原形，有时可以不用to，这里的to 是不定式符号，本身无词义，动词不定式的否定形式是not+（to+）动词原形。
1. 不定式作主语 动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句末 如：To learn English well is useful.→It is useful to learn English well. It’s important for us to protect the environment. 注意：在kind，good，nice，clever等表示人的品质的形容词后，不用for而用of。如：It's very kind of you to help me. 你帮助我真是太好啦。 It's very clever of you to do like that. 你那样做真是太聪明啦。 2. 不定式作宾语 ① 有些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语，常见的这类词是表示命令、打算或希望的，如： would like, like, want, wish, hope, decide, plan, expect等。如： Would you like to see a film this evening? 你今晚想去看电影吗？ ②在find, think后跟不定式作宾语时，常用it代替，而将真正的宾语放在后面。如： I find it easy to read English every day. ③常见的一些不带to的动词不定式 Why not do..., Why don't you do..., had better（not）do..., would rather do, could/would/will you please（not）do... I would rather stay in the room.我宁愿待在房间里。 3. 不定式作宾语补足语 不定式作宾语补足语时与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。如： Lucy asked him to turn down the radio. 露西让他关小收音机。 tell, ask, want, allow, get, would like, encourage后常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语。如： My mother encourages me to learn Japanese. 我妈妈鼓励我学日语。 注意：还有一些使役动词和感官动词也用不定式作宾补，这时不定式要省略to。这些动词有：一感（feel）、二听（hear, listen to）、三让（let, make, have）、四看（look at, see, watch, notice）。 但变被动语态时，必须加上 My friends were made to work the whole night by the boss. 老板让我的朋友们工作了一整夜。 4. 不定式作定语
高考语法复习：非谓语动词讲解及提升练习考点一：
challenges from the modern market. 很多中国品牌历经几个世纪树立了声誉，它们正面临着当代市场带来的新挑战。 There are still many problems to be solved before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon. 在我们准备在月球上长住之前，还有很多问题需要解决。 考点二非谓语动词作状语 1．不定式作状语 (1)作目的状语，可用so as to/in order to替换，但so as to一般不可置于句首，意为“为了；想要”。 In order to calculate the amount of power，work is divided by time. 要计算功率的大小，可将功除以时间。 (2)作结果状语，常表示出乎意料的结果，常用于下列结构中：only to do；enough to do(足够做……)；too...to do...(太……而不能……)；so/such...as to...(如此……以至于……)等。 Tom took a taxi to the airport，only to find his plane high up in the sky. 汤姆乘出租车去了机场，结果发现他要乘坐的飞机已飞入高空。 (3)作原因状语，常用在“主语＋系动词＋形容词＋to do”结构中。这类形容词有：easy，difficult，hard，cheap，expensive，fit，comfortable，heavy，good，important，impossible，dangerous，surprised，astonished，delighted，disappointed 等。 We were astonished to find the temple still in its original condition. 令我们吃惊的是，这座寺庙仍保持着最初的样子。 2．分词作状语
动词不定式、现在分词、动名词、过去分词总称为非谓语动词。非谓语动词的形式及句法功能如下： 示被动与完成。 非谓语动词作状语 (一)不定式作状语 不定式作状语时相当于一个状语从句，常用来作目的状语、结果状语或原因状语。 1．不定式用来作目的状语。作目的状语时，不定式的逻辑主语通常也是全句的主语，往往译作“为了；想要”。 ?To be a winner, you need to give all you have and try your best. 要想成为赢家，你要付出所有并竭尽全力。
2．不定式用于so...as to, such...as to, enough to, too...to, only to等结构中作结果状语。 ?Would you be so kind as to lend me your bicycle? 你能好心把你的自行车借给我吗？ ?He hurried to the booking office only to be told all the tickets had been sold out. 他匆忙去了售票处，结果被告知所有的票都已经卖完了。 【注意】“only＋to do”表示出乎意料的结果，tell和主语he 之间存在动宾关系，因而应用不定式的被动结构。而现在分词作结果状语则表示自然而然的结果。 ?His parents died, leaving him an orphan. 他的父母去世了，因此他成了孤儿。 (二)过去分词作状语 1．过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系，且含有完成之意。意义上相当于状语从句，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随状况等。 ?Offered an important role in a new movie, Andy has got a chance to become famous. 因为安迪在一部新电影中被分得一个重要角色，他得到了一个成名的机会。 2．某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化，且往往用于一些系表结构中。此时这些过去分词既不表示被动，也不表示完成，而表示一种状态，其前不用being，常见的词有lost(迷路的)，born in(出身于), seated(坐着), hidden(躲着), lost/absorbed in(沉溺于), devoted(专注的), dressed in(穿着), tired of(感到厌倦的)等。 ?Lost in the mountains for a week, we were finally saved by the local police. 在大山里迷失了一个星期，我们最终被当地警察所救。 ?Absorbed in his book, he didn't notice me enter the room. 专心读书的他没注意到我进入了房间。 (三)现在分词作状语 1．现在分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主动关系，且含有进行之意。现在分词作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随情况。 ?Being ill, he couldn't go to school.(原因) 因为生病，他不能去上学。 ?My car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay.(结果) 我的车遇上了交通阻塞，所以延误了。 ?As the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not moving, and asked myself what I was going to do.(伴随) 当交通灯变绿时，我站了一会儿，一动不动，自问要做什么事。 2．现在分词有一般式、被动式、完成式和完成被动式四种形式，每一种形式的否定式都是直接在前面加not 构成。一般式(doing)表示主动的一般性动作或者正在进行的动作；被
非谓语动词 非谓语动词是指由动词变化而成，仍具有动词的性质与意义，但不能作为动词使用的词。通常有三种形式构成： 不定时分词动名词 1）在句子中担任谓语的动词，叫做谓语动词；2）在句子中担任主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语等的动词，叫做非谓语动词，特点：（1)不能单独做谓语，但可和助动词或情态动词组成谓语。You ought to have been here yesterday （2)具有动词的特征，可以有自己的宾语或状语。The Party called on us to serve the people The students ran out of the classroom, laughing merrily .（3)连系动词的非谓语动词形式后还可以带表语。To be frank, your plan is not practicable 1由“to+动词原形”而成的不定式 2由“动词原形+ing”而成的现在分词或动名词； 3.由“动词原形+ed”而成的（包括动词的不规则变化）过去分词。 注意： 1.过去分词就是表示完成、被动的意义，不及物动词的过去分词只表示完成。不及物动词的不定式，现在分词和动名词没有被动式。 2.非谓语的否定式都是由“not+非谓语”构成。 一、动词不定式：由“to+动词原形”而成的不定式；基本形式：“to+动词原形”。有时to可省略。不能作谓语，没有人称和数的变化。既具有动词的特征----可以有自己的宾语和状语，又具有名词，形容词和副词的句法功能。不定式可以做主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语，同位语和宾语补足语
（要准时完成这项任务并不容易。） 注意：动词不定式作主语时，也可以用形式主语“it”， 即It’s not easy to finish the work on time. His wish was to become a teacher.(作表语) （他的愿望是成为一名教师。） There is nothing to worry about.(作定语) （没有什么可以担心的。） He ran to catch the bus. (作状语) （他跑着去赶车。） I want to see the new film.(作宾语) （我想要去看这部新电影。） He asked me to open the door.(作宾语补足语) （他要我把门打开。） 注意：①动词不定式在作let, make, see, hear, feel, watch等使役、感观动词的宾语补足语时，不定式不带“to” 例：We often hear her sing in the next room.（我们经常听到她在隔壁房间唱歌。） 但上述动词用于被动语态的句子中，动词不定式变成主语补足语，这时必须带“to”。 例：He was heard to sing in the next room every morning.(明天早晨他总是被听到在隔壁房间唱歌。) ②动词不定式作宾语时，也可用形式宾语“it”。 例：They found it impossible to get everything ready in time.(他们发现及时准备好一切是不可能的。) 2.动词不定式也可以和疑问词who, what, which, whether, when, how, where等连用，构成不定式短语。 How to get the tickets is a question. (作主语) （如何获得票子是个问题。） I wonder which to choose. (作宾语) （我不知选哪一个。） The question is who to send the letter. (作表语) （问题是谁去送信。） 3.for + 名词（代词）+动词不定式的复合结构 It is important for us to learn English. （作主语） （对我们来说学英语是重要的。） It is for you to decide. (作表语) （由你来决定。） I don’t think it good for you to leave now.（作宾语） （我认为你现在离开并不好。） I have bought the books for you to read.（作定语） （我已经把你要读的书买来了。） They handed in the exercises just in time for the teacher to correct.（作状语） （他们及时交了作业以便教师批改。） 二、分词的主要用法 分词分为现在分词和过去分词。现在分词与过去分词的区别在于：现在分词表示主动的、正在进行的动作，而及物动词的过去分词表示已经完成且被动的动作，不及物动词的过去分词只表示完成的意义。 Do you know the building being built down the street?（作定语） （你知道在街的那头正在建造的大楼吗？） This is one of the buildings built in the 1960s.（作定语） （这是六十年代造的大楼之一。） 分词作定语可转换为定语从句 The news is surprising.（作表语） （这消息令人惊讶。）
非谓语动词作宾语，宾补 1、动词+doing 动+宾 enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事spend...doing sth. 花费…做某事 be busy doing sth. 忙于做…imagine sb. doing sth. 想象…做某事can't help doing sth. 忍不住做某事feel like doing sth. 想要做某 finish doing sth. 完成做某事practice doing sth. 练习做某事miss doing sth. 错过做某事suggest doing sth. 建议做某事keep (on) doing sth. 保持（继续）做某事mind doing sth. 介意做某事be worth doing sth. 值得做某事consider doing sth. 考虑做某事 2、介词+doing 介+宾 be good at doing sth 擅长做某事be interested in doing sth.对做某事感兴趣insist on doing 坚持做某事put off doing 推迟做某事 be used for doing sth. 被用来做某事thank sb. for doing sth. 谢谢某人做某事be tired of doing sth. 厌烦做某事be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事stop sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事give up doing sth. 放弃做某事without doing sth. 没有做某事think about doing sth. 考虑做某事What / How about doing 做某事怎么样? look forward to doing sth. （盼望）pay attention to doing sth. （注意）be used to doing sth. （习惯于）prefer doing sth to doing sth.（更喜欢）devote to doing sth （致力于）make a contribution to doing （做贡献） 3、动词+to do 动+宾，不定式作宾语 decide to do sth. 决定做某事want ∕would like to do sth. 想做某事plan to do sth. 计划做某事need to do sth. 需要做某事agree to do sth. 同意做某事afford to do 能做某事 be used to do 被用来做can’t wait to do 迫不及待地要做某事make up one’s mind to do 下决心做某事used to do 过去常常做某事 fail to do 失败做某事 4、常用带to 的不定式作宾语补足语 ask sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事tell sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事expect sb. to do sth. 期待某人做某事encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事promise sb. to do 答应某人做某事warn sb. to do sth. 告诫某人做某事allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事
不定式、现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别 (1）不定式作定语 1)不定式与其所修饰的名词可能是主谓关系 He was the last one to leave school yesterday．昨天他是最后一个离开教室的。The train to arrive was from London．将要到站的火车是从伦敦开来的。 2)不定式与其所修饰的名词可能是动宾关系 Get him something to eat．给他拿点儿东西吃。 She has a lot of work to do in the morning．早上他有很多工作要做。 3)不及物动词构成的不定式做定语，要加上适当的介词和被修饰的名词形成逻辑上的动宾关系，这里的介词不能省去。 I need a pen to write with．我需要一支笔写字。 There is nothing to worry about．没有什么值得发愁的。 4)不定式修饰一些表示方向、原因、时间、机会、权利等抽象名词如： ability能力，本领drive赶，驾驶movement运动，活动 ambition抱负，野心effort努力，尝试need需要，需求 campaign战役，运动failure失败，不及格opportunity机会 chance机会force力，压力，要点promise许诺，希望 courage勇气intention意向，意图reason理由，原因 decision决定method方法，方式light光，光线，亮光 determination决心，决定motive动机，目的struggle奋斗，努力，tendency倾向，趋势wish希望，愿望，祝愿 5）被修饰的名词前有序数词、形容词最高级或next，second, last, only和not a，the等限定词时候，只能用不定式。 6）不定代词something, nothing, little, much, a lot 等习惯上用不定式做定语。John will do anything but work on a farm．除了农活，约翰什么都愿意干。 7）如果其动词要求用不定式做宾语，或者其形容词要求接不定式做补语，则相应的名词一般用不定式做定语。如：tend to do---tendency to do；decide to do
非谓语动词作宾语举例 非谓语动词有三种形式： 1.动名词：doing 2.动词不定式：to do 3.分词：done 三种非谓语动词中哪些可以用来作宾语？ 在三种非谓语动词中，只有动名词和动词不定式可以用来作宾语，分词不能作宾语。 非谓语动词中的动名词作宾语举例： 1.I admit breaking the window. 我承认窗子是我打破的。 2.We do not allow smoking in the kitchen. 我们不允许在厨房里吸烟。 3.I appreciate being given this opportunity. 非常感谢给了我这个机会。 4.I avoided mentioning the subject in case he should be offended. 我回避提及这个问题，以免触犯他。 5.He suggested taking the children to the zoo. 他提议带孩子们去动物园。 6.She likes drawing very much.
她很喜欢画画。 7.She likes watching TV. 她喜欢看电视。 非谓语动词中的动词不定式作宾语举例： 1.She walked up to the desk and asked to see the manager. 她走到办公桌前要求见经理。 2.If you would care to leave your name, we’ll get in touch as soon as possible. 请留下您的名字，我们尽快和您联系。 3.He applied to be transferred. 他申请调动工作。 4.There have been fewer problems for travelers who chose to fly. 对于选择乘飞机旅游的人来说问题更少。 5.After much discussion they decided to accept our offer. 经过反复讨论，他们决定接受我们开的价。 6.If I fail to appear by 7 o’clock, I will not be coming at all. 如果我七点钟不到，我就不会来了。 7.I wanted to speak to the manager but I got his secretary instead. 我想找经理说话，可是接电话的是他的秘书。
非谓语动词做宾语，及宾补的总结 （中考复习内部资料，保存好） 一.动名词做宾语的口诀 : 即:动词+v.ing 考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想 避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏 禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡 难以忍受始反对，想要成功坚持忙 习惯放弃有困难，导致专心防道歉。 解析：（记住口诀中对应的动词，） 第一句包含的动词有：consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse/pardon, 第二节包含的动词有：admit, delay/put off, fancy（想像，想要）, 第三句包含的动词有：avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practice, 第四句句包含的动词有：deny（否认，拒绝）, finish, enjoy/appreciate（欣赏）, 第五句包含的动词有：forbid, imagine, risk（冒险） 第六句包含的动词有：can't help, mind, allow/permit, escape. 第七句包含的动词有：can't stand(难以忍受），set about 开始，着手，object to（反对）, 第八句包含动词有：feel like（想要），succeed in (成功)，stick to(坚持) ，insist on（坚持，强调，坚决要求），be busy (in)（忙于做某事） 第九句包含的动词有：be used/accustomed to(习惯于…)，give up（放弃）, have difficulty/trouble (in), （做某事有困难） 第十句包含的动词有：lead to（导致）, devote to（将…奉献给；把…专用于）, prevent…… from……（预防，防止），apologize for（为……道歉）, 此外，have a good/wonderful/hard time (in), spend time (in),thank you for, pay attention to, aim at 目的在于，旨在；瞄准；企图,accuse…of… 控告；谴责，get down to（开始认真处理，对待）, etc. 二.通常只能接不定式作宾语的动词：(即：动词+to do) 记忆口诀如下：
非谓语动词作宾语讲解 非谓语动词是指在句子中充当宾语的动词的非谓语形式，包括动词 不定式、动名词和分词。非谓语动词作宾语常见于复合句中，可以起 到丰富句子结构、增强语义、简化句子等作用。本文将详细讲解非谓 语动词作宾语的用法和注意事项。 一、动词不定式作宾语 动词不定式作宾语时，常用形式为“动词不定式+to”，其中to可以 省略。一般来说，动词不定式作宾语时，在意义上相当于一个名词， 可以表示目的、结果、愿望、能力等。 例句： 1. I want to learn how to play the guitar.（我想学会弹吉他） 2. She decided not to go abroad for further study.（她决定不出国深造） 除了直接作宾语外，动词不定式还可以作及物动词的宾语补足语， 说明宾语具备的特点、状态或能力。 例句： 1. They find it difficult to solve the math problem.（他们发现解这个数 学问题很困难） 2. I consider him to be a reliable friend.（我认为他是一个可靠的朋友） 二、动名词作宾语
动名词作宾语时，常形式为“动名词+ing”。动名词作宾语可以表示动作或状态，常用于感官动词（see, hear, feel等）和使役动词（make, let, have等）后面。 例句： 1. I enjoy swimming in the sea.（我喜欢在海里游泳） 2. My mother made me clean my room.（我妈妈让我打扫房间） 动名词作宾语还可以表示习惯、爱好等。 例句： 1. She gave up smoking last year.（她去年戒烟了） 2. He hates doing housework.（他讨厌做家务） 三、分词作宾语 分词作宾语时，常用现在分词或过去分词形式。分词作宾语可以表示被动、完成或正在进行等含义。 例句： 1. I saw him crossing the street.（我看见他在过马路） 2. The book left on the table belongs to me.（留在桌子上的那本书是我的） 分词形式有时还可以具备相当于定语或状语的含义。此时，分词作宾语时注意与其修饰的名词之间的逻辑关系。
非谓语动词之固定搭配 一，动词不定式to do sth、动名词doing sth做宾语 二，动词不定式to do sth、省略to的动词不定式即动词原形do sth，现在分词doing sth做宾语补足语 I.接不定式（而不接动名词）做宾语的常用动词：V. + to + do 1.agree to do sth. 同意做某事 2.refuse to do sth. 拒接做某事 3.arrange to do sth 安排做某事 4.ask to do sth. 要求做某事 5.beg to do sth. 请求做某事 6.choose to do sth. 选定做某事 7.decide to do sth. 决定做某事 8.learn to do sth. 学习做某事 9.manage to do sth. 设法做某事 10.offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 11.plan to do sth. 计划做某事 12.prepare to do sth. 准备做某事 13.promise to do sth. 答应做某事 14.want to do sth. 想要做某事 15.hope to do sth. 希望做某事 注：有些不及物动词后习惯上也接不定式，不接动名词： 16.fall to do sth. 未能做某事 17.happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事 II.接动名词（而不接不定式）做宾语的常用动词：V. + doing 1.enjoy doing sth. 喜爱做某事 2.finish doing sth. 完成做某事 3.give up doing sth. 放弃做某事 4.mind doing sth. 介意做某事 5.practice doing sth. 练习做某事 6.keep doing sth. 保持做某事 7.prevent doing sth. 阻止做某事 8.suggest doing sth. 建议做某事 9.advise doing sth. 建议做某事 10.admit doing sth. 承认做某事 11.deny doing sth. 否认做某事 12.consider doing sth. 考虑做某事 13.allow doing sth. 允许做某事 14.avoid doing sth. 避免做某事 15.risk doing sth. 冒险做某事
非谓语动词例题讲解及练习一.非谓语动词的两变 非谓语动词也叫非限定动词，也就是说没有受到人称与数的限定。动词的时态，谓语动词有三变即，时态，语态与主谓一致三个方面的变化，而非谓语动词没有一致的要求，因此，非谓语动词只有时态与语态两种变化。大家都知道，非谓语动词有三种最根本的形式即，过去分词，如今分词和不定式，在初中阶段这三种形式分别以done, doing和(to)do，来代表，其实这三种形式不能完全反映非谓语的两变,只能表达过去，如今，将来〔不定式意思是不确定的意思，将来的事是不确定的，所以代表将来〕，及过去分词可表被动。非谓语动词的时态与语态全面变化如下表： 二．解题思路： 非限定动词有时态和语态两种变化，非限定动词的语态取决于非限定动词的逻辑主语。非限定动词作状语时，其逻辑主语为句子的主语；非限定动词作定语时，其逻辑主语为其修饰的那个词；非限定动词作宾语补语时其逻辑主语为宾语。非限定动词的时态，主要看其与谓语动词时间的比拟，看它发生在谓语动作之前，之后，还是同时发生。非限定动词在句子中的语法功能及逻辑主语如下表： 三.例题解析 1. The island, ______ to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to. A. joining B. to join C. joined D. having joined 解析：此题非谓语作定语修饰The island，其逻辑主语为The island，join与the island 是被动关系，只有C 为被动式。 2. It's important for the figures _________ regularly. A. to be updated B. to have been updated C. to update D. to have updated 解析：此题非谓语作作介词for的宾语补语，其逻辑主语为the figures，与更新update是被动关系，A与B 选项都有被动式，此题还得考虑时态，句中有时间状语regularly，不是指详细哪一次更新，所以不用完成式，选A。 3. Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, ____ on your feet. A. to keep B. keeping C. having kept D. to have kept 解析：此题非谓语作状语，其逻辑主语为you，与keep on your feet是主动关系，但四个选项都是主动式，关键是两变中的时态，让你更累与站着应该是伴随着的动作，且不管什么时候都一样，固选B。 4. Recently a survey _____ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among
非谓语动词作主语和宾语 作者：封全龙 来源：《广东教育·高中》2018年第09期 英语句子中，只能有一个谓语，包括并列谓语。如果一个句子中已经有了谓语，又出现一个或几个动词时，要么是并列谓语，要么是非谓语。非谓语动词有动词不定式、动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式三种形式。非谓语动词是每年高考的必考点，同时也是考生学习的一个难点。本文将非谓语动词作主语或宾语的用法归纳如下： 一、作主语 1. 动词不定式作主语，指具体或未来的动作。 [例1]______（teach）you English is my job. 分析：位于句首作主语，表示具体的动作，用动词不定式更好，故填To teach。 2. 不定式作主语，通常用it作形式主语，将不定式后置。 [例2]It’s important for the figures ______（update）regularly. 分析：因update 与the figures 为动宾关系，即：update the figures（更新数字），即the figures与 update为被动关系。又由 for the figures可知，空格处应该用不定式，因为通常是for sb to do sth，故填to be updated。 3. 动词-ing形式作主语，表示泛指或抽象的行为。 [例3]______（Travel）along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience. 分析：位于句首作主语，泛指一般情况，用动名词短语更好，故填Traveling。 4. 动名词作主语，用it作形式主语仅限于少数句型。如： [例4]It is great fun______（collect）stamps in my spare time. 分析：由固定句型 It is fun doing sth.可知，填collecting。 [例5]It is no good ______（play）computer games all day long.
非谓语动词作宾语的练习乐享集团公司，写于2021年6月16日
非谓语动词作宾语的练习 1. She enjoys __________ light music. A. to hear B. hearing C. to listen to D. listening to 2. I expected __________ your friend, but my car broke down on the way. A. I’ll meet B. meeting C. to meeting D. to meet 3. I remember _____ France when I was young. A. to visit B. visit C. visiting D. visited 4. I remember the house about an hour ago. A. to see him leave B. seeing him to leave C. seeing him leave D. to see him to leave 5. 1. I would appreciate __________ back this afternoon. A. you to call B. your calling C. you call D. you’re calling 6. He stopped_____ three years ago. Now he began __________ again. A. smoking, smoke B. to smoke, to smoke , to smoke D. to smoke, smoking 7. Don’t this letter for me on your way to school. A. forget mailing B. forget mail C. forget to mail D. remember to mail 8. Don’t forget __________the lights when you go out. A. to turn on B. turning off C. to turn off D. turning on 9.. –Why not ______ us to work as volunteers visiting the old people’s caring house –Good idea A. joins B. to join C. join D. joining 10. I dislike __________to the movies by myself. I would like ________ with others. , to go B. going, going C. to go , going , to go 11. He likes a detective because he wants to protect the innocent. A. working as B. work for C. to work D. working 12-- You’re well-dressed today. -- Thank you. I want to a good impression the interviewer. A. give, on B. make, on C. make, to D. give, for 13. - Which sport do you like better, basketball or football --I prefer basketball football. A. to play, to play B. play, than play C. playing, to playing D. to play, than play