专题三阅读理解(三)
【山东省莱州一中2012届高三下学期第五次质量检测】
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Howard Dill is a giant among giant pumpkin growers. He grew world champion pumpkins for four years running，from
1979 to 1982，and missed winning the fifth year
by a mere 5 pounds. Today，his Dill Atlantic Giant
seeds are sold worldwide to more than 50 seed
companies. The pumpkins grown from his Dill
Atlantic Giant seeds commonly weigh in at over
1,000 pounds.“I don’t have any training in
genetics (遗传学)；it was all trial and error，”Dill says. He inherited his love of pumpkins from his father and has enjoyed growing them for years.
Dill still grows giant pumpkins, but not for competition. In the fall, visitors come to enjoy the pumpkin patch on his 90-acre farm in Nova Scotia，Canada. He plants ten acres of pumpkins for Halloween and two acres of giant pumpkins. One of giant pumpkins was recently baked into 442 pumpkin pies and sold at $ 5 each for charity.
It you want to try growing a giant pumpkin, Dill recommends starting with a soil test and then adding fertilizer as needed. Plant the giant pumpkin seed. A giant pumpkin can gain 15 to 20 pounds a day， so careful watering—every day or two—is essential. You should wait about 130 days until the pumpkin matures and then you can harvest it.
Dill’s favorite pumpkin set the Guinness Book record in 1981. It weighted 493.5 pounds. “I’ve grown them larger since， but that one meant a lot,”he remembers.“I never would have predicted ten years
ago that there would be a 1,000-pounder，but there are many of them now，”says Dill。The 2006 world record holder is Larry Checkon of Pennsylvania. He grew a 1,469 pounder. Dill says, “These world champions are grown from my seeds， so I feel like a winner right along with them.”
56.What can we learn about the world champion pumpkin of 1983?
A. It weighed over 1,000 pounds.
B. It was missing after the competition.
C. It was 5 pounds heavier than that of 1982.
D. It was 5 pounds heavier than Dill’s biggest one that year.
57. One of Dill’s giant pumpkins earned .
A. $2210
B. $442
C. $1000
D.$1469
58. In the third paragraph Dill mainly tells about .
A. how to do a soil test
B. how to plant the giant pumpkin seed
C. when to water the pumpkin
D. how to grow a giant pumpkin
59. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. Howard Dill is well trained in genetics.
B. Howard Dill grows pumpkins just for competiton.
C. Dill felt proud of Larry Checkon’s champion pumpkin.
D. Dill’s favorite pumpkin is the heaviest of all those he has
ever grown.
60. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. Gardening Giant: Howard Dill
B. World Champion Pumpkin
C. Dill Atlantic Giant Seeds
D. How to Grow Giant Pumpkins
B
Although Paris is often considered the city of romance， close to
a million adults who call it home are single. Many single people say that France’s capital is one of the most difficult places to meet people. The complaints（抱怨）of this lonely group have inspired a new phenomenon known as “supermarket dating.”At Galerie Lafayette Gourmet，singles can shop for more than just the items on their grocery list. They can look for someone who has blue eyes， brown hair，and is 1.8 meters tall，or whatever may be on their romantic shopping list.
At this paris location，single people of all ages can schedule their shopping for Thursday nights between 6:30 and 9:00 p.m. When they walk through the door，they pick up a purple basket to advise that they are looking for love. They try to arrive early because the baskets disappear quickly，and then they have to wait in line for their turn to wander the store aisles（过道）.
With purple baskets in hand， shoppers can consider their romantic options while they pick out their groceries. When they are ready to pay， they can go to the checkout line for singles who want to chat.
Most of the people who look for love in the supermarket are skeptical of Internet dating. They know that it is easy to embellish（美化）one’s appearance or to lie about one’s age over the Internet. The supermarket， on the other hand，is considered a safe and casual environment in which to meet a potential match. In addition， what one finds in another’s grocery basket can say a thing or two about that person’s character or intentions. Buying pet food can be a man’s way of showing a potential match that he has a sensitive side. Women who fill their baskets with low-fat food show their healthy style of living. These days it’s possible to find much more than food at a grocery store.
6l. What do many single people in Pairs complain about?
A. The difficulty in meeting people.
B. The idea of supermarket dating.
C. The items on their grocery list.
D. The inconvenience in shopping.
62. Which of the following can be inferred（推断）but is not clearly
stated in the second paragraph?
A. The dating supermarket is located in Paris.
B. The dating supermarket is open only on Thursday evenings.
C. People looking for love must get a basket of a particular colour
D. The dating supermarket has very good business.
63. How do love shoppers meet one another?
A. They schedule their meeting in advance.
B. They go through a special checkout.
C. They pick out their groceries with great care.
D. They dial the phone numbers on their shopping items.
64. According to the writer，a possible way to win a woman’s heart
is to .
A. pick up a purple basket
B. Buy low-fat food
C. embellish your appearance
D. buy pet food
65. Why do the people prefer the supermarket dating to Internet dating?
A. The supermarket dating is more convenient.
B. The supermarket dating is more casual.
C. The supermarket dating can be trusted more.
D. The supermarket dating is less expensive.
C
Generally there are two ways to name typhoons；the number-based method and the list-based method. Following the number-based method，typhoons are coded with various types of numbers such as a 4-digit or a 6-digit code. For example，the 14th typhoon in 2003 can be labeled either as Typhoon 0314 or Typhoon 200314. The disadvantage of this method，however，is that a number is hard to remember. The list-based method，on the other hand，is based on the list of typhoon names chosen in advance by a committee，and is more widely used.
At the very beginning， only female names were used because at that
time typhoons were named after girlfriends of wives of the experts on the committee. In 1979，however，male names were also included because women protested against the original naming practice for reasons of gender（性别）equality.
In Asia，Western names were need until 2000 when the committee decided to use Asian names to raise Asians’ awareness of typhoons. The names were chosen from a name pool consisting of 140 names，10 each from the 14 members of the committee. Each country has its unique naming preferences. Korea and Japan favor animal names and China likes names of gods such as Longwang（dragon king）and Fengshen（god of the wind）.
After the 140 names are all used in order，they will be recycled. But the names can be changed. If a member country suffers great damage from a certain typhoon，it can request that the name of the typhoon be deleted from the list at the annual committee meeting. For example，the names of Nabi by South Korea，and Longwang by China were replaced with other names in 2007. The deletion of both names was due to the severs damage caused by the typhoons bearing the names.
66. With the number-based method，the 3rd typhoon in 2012 can be named .
A. Typhoon 0314
B. Typhoon 0312
C. Typhoon 201214
D. Typhoon 1203
67. In 1979 male names began to be used for typhoons because .
A. men thought it was their right
B. female names are hard to remember
C. women thought it unequal to use only female names
D. the experts preferred to have more variety
68. There are Chinese names in the name pool for typhoons.
A. 2
B. 10
C. 14
D. 140
69. Which of the following Chinese names is most likely to be on the
name list now?
A. Longwang
B. Fengshen
C. Daxiang（elephant）
D. Mayi（ant）
70. This passage is mainly about .
A. how typhoons are named
B. Why to name typhoons
C. the history of typhoons
D. equality between men and women
D
Spider webs are one of the most fascinating examples of animal architecture. The most beautiful and
structurally ordered are the round webs. The
main function of the web is to stop and hold
flying insects， long enough for the spider
to catch them. In order to do so，the threads
of the web have to stand the forces from large
and heavy insects as well as environmental
forces from wind and rain for at least a day
in most cases.
The round web is found to have two main characteristics. The first is its geometry，which consists of an outer frame and a central part from which threads radiate outward. Enclosed in the frame are capture spirals winding round and round from the web center out to the frame. The whole web is in tension and held in place by anchor threads，which connect the frame to the surrounding plants or objects. The second and perhaps most important characteristic is the material with which it is built. Spider silk is a kind of natural material that gives this lightweight fiber a strength comparable to that of steel， while at the same time making it very elastic（有弹性的）. Two types of silk threads are used in the web. One is highly elastic and can stretch to almost twice its original length before breaking and， for most types of spiders，is covered in glue. This type is used in the capture spiral for catching and holding insects. The other is stiffer and stronger，
and is used for the radius，frames and anchor threads，which allows the web to stand forces and to keep its structural strength through a wide range of environmental conditions.
7l. What does the word“so”in the first paragraph refer to？
A. To catch and keep small creatures.
B. To find a good material for the web.
C. To make the webs beautiful and well ordered.
D. To make the threads long enough.
72. Which of the following is used for catching and holding insects?
A. The center of the web.
B. The capture spirals.
C. The anchor threads.
D. The radius.
73. Which of the following correctly gives the names of the numbered
threads in the picture?
A. ①capture spiral ② radius
B. ①radius ② capture spiral
C. ①anchor thread ② frame thread
D. ①frame thread ② anchor thread
74. Which of the following best describes the threads used in the
capture spiral?
A. Natural and lightweight.
B. Strong and stiff.
C. Smooth and elastic.
D. Strong，sticky and elastic.
75. What is this passage mainly about?
A. The wisdom of spiders.
B. The function of round spider webs.
C. The structure of round spider webs.
D. The challenges for spider webs.
【答案】
：56-60 DADCA 61-65：ADBDC 66-70：DCBBA 71-75 ABDDC
【山东省聊城一中2012届高三3月模拟考试】
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Maricel Apatan，22，stands in the kitchen of the Edsa Shangri—La Hotel in Manila，preparing to decorate a cheesecake. It would seem to be a routine task for a cake chef，but Maricel is no ordinary che f－she has no hands．
Maricel has come a long way since the day in September 2000 when she and her uncle were attacked near their farm. Fortunately, both of them survived，but the 11-year-old girt lost her hands. In 2004，she entered a Manila training centre for people with disabilities. She learned how to write and do housework and，more importantly , came to terms with her disability.
After graduation from high school，she took a two—year Hotel
and Restaurant Management course and flourished even though she
was the only disabled student in the course．After she moved back to
Manila to continue her studies, the media started reporting on this
determined young woman. She didn't shy away from the attention.“I
wanted others living With disabilities to believe it's possible to live a
normal life,” Maricel says.
When managers at the Edsa Shangri-La Hotel saw Maricel on television，they hired her as part of the hotel's Care for People project．She has also accomplished her goal Of inspiring others．One of them is Ronelyn Calumpiano．a 21-year-old with cerebral palsy(脑瘫).She saw Maricel on television and Was moved by her confidence. Ronelyn will soon start classes and is already planning a career in IT.
Maricel's three younger sisters have moved to Manila．She pays for the rent of their small apartment. While their parents look after their family farm in Mindanao．“It is difficult to make ends meet but I don't lose hope. I believe anything is possible if you dream．work hard and pray．”
56．“Maricel is no ordinary chef because .
A．she is better than other chefs
B．she is physically disabled
C．she can do a routine task
D．she is good at decorating cakes
57．Which of the following is NOT true about Maricel?
A．She survived while her uncle did not．
B．She didn't shy away from pubic attention.
C．She has inspired some disabled people．
D．She managed to make a living by herself．
58．The underlined word“flourished”in Paragraph 3 is similar in meaning to .
A．was rejected
B．was employed
C．recovered well
D．developed well
59．According to the text，Ronelyn .
A．works in art IT company
B．was inspired by Maricel
C．once lived hi Mindanao
D．has already started classes
60．What does the author want to tell US in the text?
A．We should be determined and never lose hope．
B．We shouldn't look down upon the disabled．
C．We should help those who suffer disabilities．
D．We should feel sympathy for the unfortunate．
【答案】
56-60：BADBA
【山东省聊城一中2012届高三3月模拟考试】
B
When you see homework coveting the kitchen table and toys are piling up around the sofa，you probably wish there was a bit more space．You are not alone．Nearly a third of parents say they feel squeezed into their homes but cannot afford to move to a bigger property，a report reveals today．
Twenty—nine percent say ‘their property is too small to fit the size of their family’—rising to 40 percent for those 34 and under．One in four children is‘forced to share’ a bedroom，according to the Finda Property，com website．Property analyst Samantha Baden said：“Afford ability remains a key issue for ramifies，with the average cost of a three-bedroom home around
￡193,000．”Very few can afford to buy—or to rent—a property of the size they want and in the area they desire to live in，according to Miss Baden．
A recent report，from investment firm LV，also found that many‘space—starved parents’are pushed into a two—bedroom home which was perfect when they were a young couple，but has no space for three or so children．Grown—up children who cannot afford to leave home are also adding to the problem facing families in Britain's‘big squeeze’．
For a home to be the correct size．which means it is not overcrowded，parents must have their own bedroom．Children under ten can share．as well as same—sex children between ten and 20．Anyone over 21 also needs their own room．
The report comes as official figures，published yesterday by the Land Registry，revealing house prices are falling sharply in every region except London．The worst—hit area is the North East，where, average house prices have fallen to below￡100,000 for the first time in seven years. However，they remain unaffordable for millions．
61．According to Paragraph 1，the report reveals .
A．children like to do homework in the kitchen
B．some families can't afford a bigger property
C．only a few families have housing problem
D．people are satisfied with their living condition
62．What Miss Baden said in Paragraph 2 means .
A．most families don't have enough money yet
B．no family could afford a three—bedroom home
C．it is common to live in a three—bedroom home
D．the price of a bigger property is still acceptable
63．The report from the investment firm LV shows .
A．young couples should live in a two—bedroom home
B．families with three or so children couldn't afford a home
C．parents should buy houses for their grown—up children
D．some grown—up children couldn't afford a separate home
64．According to the passage，the right size for a home means .
A．parents should have a bedroom of their own
B．anyone over 21 needs to live in their own home
C．children trader ten should share parents’bedroom D．children under 20 should have their own bedroom
65．What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．House prices are falling down everywhere．
B．People are able to buy a home of correct size．
C．The house prices in London has not fallen down．
D．The North East is now all area．suitable to live in．【答案】
61-65：BADAC
一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Gemini Man Gemini Man is a big-budget Hollywood sci-fi-action movie based on an original concept, rather than on a superhero comic or an old TV series, even though this particular original concept is more 20 years old. In it a government assassin (杀手)is being hunted down by his own clone The original script was sold by Darren Lemke to a studio in 1997, and since then almost every male A-listener has been attached as a potential star. Now, at long last, Ang Lee has directed Gemini Man, and Will Smith plays both the veteran assassin and his much younger doppelganger (分身). Jojo Rabbit During World War Two, a 10-year-old German boy (Roman Griffin David) is desperate to be a dutiful Nazi, only to discover that his mother (Scarlett Johansson) is hiding, a Jewish girl (Thomasin McKenzie) in their house. It may not sound like the stuff of a big-hearted comedy but Taika Waititi can make anything warm and funny. As well as writing and directing Jojo Rabbit, Waititi co-stars as the boy's imaginary friend,a nitwitted Adolf Hitler. Doctor Sleep Mike Flanag's new film is adapted from Stephen King, novel, Doctor Sleep, which was a sequel (续集) to The Shining. You can expect to see blood flowing out of lifts in a rapid stream, ghostly twin girls and headache-including carpet patterns. Ewan McGregor stars as Danny Torrance, the boy with psychic powers m 1980 film. Now, he is a middle-aged hospital counsellor. Maleficent: Mistress of Evil Here's another chance to see Angelina Jolie. In 2014 she starred in Maleficent, Disney's live-action remake of the Sleeping Beauty cartoon from 1959. The twist was that the eponymous wicked fairy wasn't so wicked, after all, and that the real villain was the father of Princess Aurora (Elle Fanning). The sequel's subtitle promises that Maleficent will actually be evil this time around, her change of heart prompted by Aurora's engagement to handsome prince (Harris Dickinson).（1）What can we learn from this passage? A. Ewan McGregor plays a role in Doctor Sleep. B. Taika Waititi is the main character in Jojo Rabbit. C. Gemini Man is adapted from a 20-yem--old TV series. D. The real wicked character in Maleficent: Mistress of Evil is Aurora. （2）If your friend wants to see a horror movie, which one will you recommend? A. Gemini Man B. Jojo Babbit C. Doctor Sleep D. Maleficent: Mistress of Evil 【答案】（1）A （2）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四部电影。 （1）考查细节理解。根据Doctor Sleep部分中的“Ewan McGregor stars as Danny Torrance, the boy w ith psychic powers in 1980 film.”可知Ewan McGregor在电影Doctor Sleep扮演Danny Torrance的角色。故选A。
高考英语阅读理解专项训练100篇 (名师传授解题技巧+实战练习，值得下载) 一、阅读理解解题技巧 阅读理解题是考查学生对活的语言材料的理解能力，即通过阅读材料获得信息的能力。具体说来，阅读理解能力测试的主要要求是：（1）掌握所读材料的主旨大意，以及用以说明主旨大意的事实和细节；（2）既理解具体事实，也理解抽象的概念；（3）既理解字面意思，也理解深层含义，包括作者的态度、意图等；（4）既理解某句、某段的意义，也理解全篇的逻辑关系，并能根据文章进行推理和判断；（5）既能根据材料所提供的信息去理解，也能结合中学生应有的常识去理解。根据这几项能力测试的要求，试题中常采用如下几种题型：事实询问题、推理判断题、数据推算题、识图解意题和主旨大意题。根据这一测试要求和题型设计，答题时可以采取如下解题技巧和对策。 1．首先解题时要充满自信。由于平时有些同学对做阅读理解时存在一种畏惧心理，因此考试做题时心理就难免会产生紧张感，特别是阅读时再遇到几个生词就头脑发胀，从而使自己的思路更加模糊不清。其实这是完全没有必要的，因为阅读中遇到几个生词或几个难以理解的句子是常有的事，也是正常现象。因为按大纲要求，试卷中允许有不超过3%的生词，只要认真分析，仔细阅读，这些生词和句子很可能并不影响你的解题。所以答题之前首先要有必胜的信心。 2．扫读全文，理解全文主旨大意。拿到一篇文章，首先要快速扫读全文，虽为扫读，但不可漫不经心，阅读时也应聚精会神，力求可能多地获取材料信息，只是这次遇到生词和难句先不必去处理，不要因纠缠文中的个别生词和难句而影响了对全文的主旨大意的了解。
3．对症下药，各个击破。了解全文的大概意思之后，再把短文的问题简单看一遍，弄懂题意，然后带着问题再去寻读全文。这次阅读过程中要善于抓文章中的关键词句。寻读也就是迅速的查找需要了解的信息，是为某些特定的问题而阅读，因此阅读时要有较强的针对性，对与问题有关的数据，词句等仔细阅读，认真理解，同时结合不同考查内容的题型，采取如下解题对策： （1）事实询问题：这类试题通常是以疑问词what，who，when，where，why，how 等引起的特殊问句，就文章中某一词语、某一句子、某一段落或某一具体细节和事实进行提问。解答此类试题首先要弄清题目和每一个选项的含义，然后按题目要求寻找与之相关的细节，正确估计答案来源，同时注意题目和文章中的暗示作用。特别注意辨别各种信息，确认各种信息。 （2）推理判断题：此题要求我们通过表面文字信息去推测文章隐含的意思，对文章的发展情节及作者的态度、意图等做出合乎逻辑的的推理判断。这种题要求我们在阅读时要抓住文章的主题和细节、从分析文章的结构入手，根据上下文的内在联系，充分挖掘文章的深层含义。对暗含在文章中事件的因果关系，人物的动机，以及作者未言明的倾向、态度、意图、观点进行合乎逻辑的推理、分析和判断。同时善于抓住文中实质性的东西，不要被带假象的表面信息或似是而非的东西所迷惑。并且注意推断作者态度时要力求从作者的态度、观点去思考，切勿想当然，凭个人的观点习惯看法来回答的问题。 （3）数据推算题：此题要求我们就文章提供的数据，以及数据与文章中其他信息的关系做出计算和推断，然后做出选择。这就要求我们解题时，要在理解好题意的前提下去对与数据有关的信息认真分析，若数据信息较多，还要注意弄清数据之间的关系，同时分清有用与无用信息，最终作出正确判断。 （4）主旨大意题：此题用以考查我们对文章主题或中心思想的领会和理解能力。在解答此类试题时要注意每段的中心句，抓住每一段的主题句。一般主题句都用来表达一段主旨大意，因此，只要找准每段的主题句，文章的中心思想和文章的最佳标题也就不难确定了。
2012高考英语单选题语法分类汇编 一、冠词 【2012全国卷II】⒎ He missed ___ gold in the high jump, but will get ___ second chance in the long jump. A. the; the B. 不填; a C. the; a D. a; 不填 【答案】C 【2012安徽】21. Carl is studying food science at college and hopes to open up _____meat processing factory of his own one day. A. / ；a B. / ；the C. the ; a D. the ; the 【答案】A 【2012重庆】24. Sam has been appointed _______ manager of the engineering department to take ____ place of George. A./,/ B. the,/ C the; the D./, the 【答案】D 【2012全国】22. Sarah looked at finished painting with satisfaction. A.不填；a B. a; the C. the; 不填 D. the; a 【答案】C 【2012山东】29. Being able to afford ______ drink would be ______ comfort in those tough times. A. the; the B. a; a C. a; 不填 D. 不填; a 【答案】 【2012江西】21. The Smiths don’t usually like staying at ___ hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by ____ sea. A. /; a B. the; the C. /; the D. the; a 【答案】C 【2012辽宁】21. I woke up with ______ bad headache, yet by ____ evening the pain had gone. A. the; the B. the; an C. a; the D. a; an 【答案】C 【2012四川】18. We are said to be living in ____ Information Age, ____ time of new discoveries and great changes. A. an; the B. 不填; the C. 不填; a D. the; a 【答案】D 【2012浙江】2. The development of industry has been _____ gradual process throughout _____ human existence, from stone tools to modern technology. A. 不填; the B. the; a C. a; 不填 D. a; a 【答案】C 二、名词 【2012全国卷II】⒚ The Harry Potter books are quite popular; they are in great ___ in this city.
1 2018高考数学试题分类汇编—向量 一、填空题 1.（北京理6改）设a ，b 均为单位向量，则“33-=+a b a b ”是“a ⊥b ”的_________条件（从“充分而不必要”、“必要而不充分条件”、“充分必要”、“既不充分也不必要”中选择） 1.充分必要 2.（北京文9）设向量a =（1,0），b =（?1,m ）,若()m ⊥-a a b ，则m =_________. 2．-1 3.（全国卷I 理6改）在ABC △中，AD 为BC 边上的中线，E 为AD 的中点，则EB = _________. （用,AB AC 表示） 3．3144 AB AC - 4.（全国卷II 理4）已知向量a ，b 满足||1=a ，1?=-a b ，则(2)?-=a a b _________. 4．3 5.（全国卷III 理13．已知向量()=1,2a ，()=2,2-b ，()=1,λc ．若()2∥c a+b ，则λ=________． 5. 12 6.（天津理8)如图，在平面四边形ABCD 中，AB BC ⊥，AD CD ⊥，120BAD ∠=?，1AB AD ==. 若点E 为边CD 上的动点，则AE BE ?uu u r uu u r 的最小值为_________. 6. 2116 7.（天津文8）在如图的平面图形中，已知 1.2,120OM ON MON ==∠= ,2,2,BM MA CN NA == 则· BC OM 的值为_________. 7.6- 8.（浙江9）已知a ，b ，e 是平面向量，e 是单位向量．若非零向量a 与e 的夹角为π 3，向量b 满足b 2?4e · b +3=0，则|a ?b |的最小值是_________. 8.3?1 9.（上海8）.在平面直角坐标系中，已知点(1,0)A -，(2,0)B ，E 、F 是y 轴上的两个动点，且2EF = ，则AE BF ? 的最小值为_________. 9.-3
高考英语阅读理解真题汇编(含答案) 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Mexico sites on an island plateau (高原) surrounded by volcanic peaks, which makes air quality a constant concern for people who live there. In April, the country took a decisive step toward improving air quality by enacting a temporary ban on private and Federal vehicles in the city. The rule forbids people from driving in the city one day each week and one Saturday each month. Electric vehicles, government service vehicles, public transport options and school buses are not included in the ban. Mexico City isn't the first urban center to be involved in car-free living. But the ban is more than an awareness-raiser. It was enacted with the direct aim of solving air pollution. In March, the city sank into a deep brown haze of smog when the pollution levels passed the 200 mark. The city ordered some 1.1m of the area's 4.7m cars off the streets and also offered free bus and subway rides. Mexico City's temporary vehicle ban raises questions about the best ways to improve urban air quality. India, whose citizens breathe some of the world's dirtiest air, has tried a variety of solutions. Earlier this year, the Indian government started a 4% sales tax on new-car purchases. Beijing also has experience with cleaning the air. The city introduced alternate-day rules in advance of the 2008 Olympic Games, which produced good results. And then there is the London congestion (拥挤) charge, introduced in 2003. The charge has had a measurable effect on air quality. For now, Mexico City — named by the United Nations as the most polluted city on the planet in 1992 — can look forward to the start of the region's rainy season, when daily showers will help lo clean the air. （1）How did Mexico ban vehicles in the city? A. By banning private and Federal vehicles one day a week. B. By forbidding private and public vehicles every Saturday. C. By limiting the number of new cars. D. By prohibiting the vehicles except public ones.（2）What did the government of Mexico do when carrying out the ban on vehicles? A. Raised the number of public vehicles. B. Offered free bus and subway rides. C. Introduced more travel options. D. Encouraged citizens to leave the city. （3）What may contribute to improving the air quality in Mexico? A. Alternate-day rules. B. Tax rises. C. Congestion charge. D. The rainy season.（4）What's the best title for the passage? A. Mexico —an Island Plateau B. A Variety of Bans on Vehicles in Mexico C. Should Cities Be Car-free Zones D. How to Improve Air Quality 【答案】（1）A （2）B （3）D （4）C
（英语）高三英语阅读理解专项训练及答案 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 The setting was a packed gymnasium just before the start of a game against another school. There were five girls who were members of the Danville High School basketball team—all of them starters. They were not in uniform to play that night and would not be on the team for the rest of this season. They were there to admit their breaking of team rules. They were there to support their coach's decision to take them off the team. They were there to let the town know there was a problem in their little community that needed to be addressed. And they did it with sincere regret rather than defensiveness. While the school had been out for the New Year's holiday, the five girls had gone to the party with several of their friends. There was alcohol there. And they all drank some. Coach Rainville has a zero tolerance rule on drugs and alcohol for her members though it was a hard decision to make. When classes resumed and accounts of holiday parties were shared, rumors about the five girls began closing in on them. The coach said she couldn't back down on her rules. And the players—two junior students and three senior students—agreed. That night in the gym was part of their public support of the coach's decision. “We hope you will understand that we are not bad kids. What we did was definitely not worth it. We hope this event will make everyone realize that there is a big drug and alcohol problem in our community,” one of the senior students said, “And if you work with us to try to solve this problem, you will help us feel that we have not been thrown off our basketball team for nothing.” The five left the floor to deafening applause. The team may not win another game this year. But they've learnt something about personal responsibility, the effect of one's action on others, and honesty that will serve them well throughout life. （1）It can be inferred from the passage that the five girls who were kicked off the team were ________. A. very good players on the team B. addicted to alcohol and drugs C. three junior students and two senior students D. scolded by their parents for drinking alcohol （2）What did the girls do to support their coach's decision? A. They didn't fight for Danville High School any more. B. They all gave speeches to apologize in the local press. C. They admitted their mistake in public in the gymnasium. D. They would never drink any alcohol throughout their life. （3）Which word best describes the coach Rainville? A. Indifferent. B. Strict. C. Stubborn. D. Cruel. （4）Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Growing up with pain B. A bad mistake C. Team rules are everything D. Basketball girls in high school 【答案】（1）A
51.【答案】E 【解析】根据下一句ready to offer you public speaking training and courses可知，开头说的是与public speaking 有关的问题，故选E。 52.【答案】B 【解析】根据第一句可知，演讲要集中在自己做过的成功的事情上，故选B。 53.【答案】C 【解析】本段第一句中提到lots of dos and don’ts, walk away!可知，如果有的培训讲太多的条条框框的话，最好不要理会这样的培训，故选C。 54.【答案】G 【解析】根据上一句Your brain is so full of what you’re going to be talking about 可知，给大脑灌输一套规则会使事情变得更糟糕。故选G。 55.【答案】A 【解析】根据treat you as a special one, with your own personal habits可知，本段讲的是“与众不同”，故选A。 5.课标I 第二节(共5小题:每小题2分，满分10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项。 Business is organized approach to providing customers with the goods and services they want. The word business also refers to an organization that provides these goods and services. Most businesses seek to make a profit (利润) —that is, they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business. __71__Commonly called nonprofits, these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers. __72__ Business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning, direction, and control of the operations of a business.__73__One is the establishment (制定) of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales; the purchase of equipment, materials and supplies; and accounting __74__The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments. Direction is concerned primarily with supervision (监管) and guidance by the management in authority.__75__ A. Control includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work. B. In this connection there is the difference between top management and operative management. C. Examples of nonprofit business include such organizations as social service
2008年高考数学试题分类汇编 圆锥曲线 一． 选择题： 1.（福建卷11)又曲线22 221x y a b ==（a ＞0,b ＞0）的两个焦点为F 1、F 2,若P 为其上一点，且|PF 1|=2|PF 2|,则双曲线离心率的取值范围为B A.(1,3) B.(]1,3 C.(3,+∞) D.[)3,+∞ 2.（海南卷11）已知点P 在抛物线y 2 = 4x 上，那么点P 到点Q （2，－1）的距 离与点P 到抛物线焦点距离之和取得最小值时，点P 的坐标为（ A ） A. （ 4 1 ，－1） B. （4 1 ，1） C. （1，2） D. （1，－2） 3.(湖北卷10)如图所示，“嫦娥一号”探月卫星沿地月转移轨道飞向月球，在月球附近一点P 轨进入以月球球心F 为一个焦点的椭圆轨道Ⅰ绕月飞行，之后卫星在P 点第二次变轨进入仍以F 为一个焦点的椭圆轨道Ⅱ绕月飞行，最终卫星在P 点第三次变轨进入以F 为圆心的圆形轨道Ⅲ绕月飞行，若用12c 和22c 分别表示椭轨道Ⅰ和Ⅱ的焦距，用12a 和 22a 分别表示椭圆轨道Ⅰ和Ⅱ的长轴的长，给出下列式子： ①1122a c a c +=+; ②1122a c a c -=-; ③1212c a a c >; ④11c a ＜22 c a . 其中正确式子的序号是B A. ①③ B. ②③ C. ①④ D. ②④ 4.（湖南卷8）若双曲线22 221x y a b -=（a ＞0,b ＞0）上横坐标为32a 的点到右焦点 的距离大于它到左准线的距离，则双曲线离心率的取值范围是( B ) A.(1,2) B.(2,+∞) C.(1,5) D. (5,+∞)
2017高考英语阅读理解解析版汇编（70） 阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 “Experience may possibly be the best teacher,but it is not a particularly good teacher.” You might think that Winston Churchill or perhaps Mark Twain spoke those words,but they actually come from James March,a professor at Stanford University and a pioneer in the field of organizational decision making. For years March(possibly the wisest philosopher of management)has studied how humans think and act,and he continues to do so in his new bookThe Ambiguities of Experience. He begins by reminding us of just how firmly we have been sticking to the idea of experiential learning:“Experience is respected;experience is sought;experience is explained.” The problem is that learning from experience involves(涉及)serious complications(复杂化),ones that are part of the nature of experience itself and which March discusses in the body of this book. In one interesting part of the book,for example,he turns a doubtful eye toward the use of stories as the most effective way of experiential learning. In our efforts to make stories interesting,he argues,we lose part of the complicated truth of things. He says “The more accurately(精确地)reality is presented,the less understandable the story,and the more understandable the stor y,the less realistic it is.” Besides being a broadly knowledgeable researcher,March is also a poet,and his gift shines through in the depth of views he offers and the simple language he uses. Though the book is short,it is demanding:Don’t pick it up lookin g for quick,easy lessons. Rather,be ready to think deeply about learning from experience in work and life. 1. According to the text,James March is. A. a poet who uses experience in his writing B. a teacher who teaches story writing in university C. a researcher who studies the way humans think and act D. a professor who helps organizations make important decisions 2. According to James March,experience. A. is overvalued B. is easy to explain C. should be actively sought D. should be highly respected
高考英语阅读理解专项训练及答案及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is gaining global popularity. According to a government white paper, TCM has been introduced in 183 countries and regions around the world. Westerners' understanding of TCM, however, may be limited to acupuncture, cupping and massage(针灸，拔罐和按摩). For instance, the purple, injury-like marks left on U. S. swimmer Michael Phelps，back from cupping for the purpose of relaxing his muscles and reducing pain became the center of attention during the Rio Olympics in 2016. As a matter of fact, Chinese herbs play a more important role in getting rid of diseases and keeping the body in good condition in the TCM treatment system than physical treatment. It is therefore disheartening to know that while 103 World Health Organization member countries have given approval to the practice of acupuncture, not many recognize Chinese herbal medicine. TCM falls far behind Western medicine owing partly to the slow development of Chinese herbs. Herbs are made into pills, powder and soup, and the kind of herbs used, their quality and quantity, and the processing of the ingredients (原材料) jointly determine the effectiveness of the prescription. Compared with Western medicine, which has standardized drug production processes and treatment methods, TCM lacks standardization, with the chemical composition and functions of its medicines being unclear and their effects being unstable. Fortunately, standardization has improved in recent decades, with an increasing number of factories producing patented TCM drugs. Another factor that has prevented the development of TCM prescription drugs is the lack of creativity. While Western medicine-making companies come up with new products every year, TCM drug producers tend to make medicines according to prescriptions handed down from the past. Chinese chemist Tu Youyou's winning the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for her research into malaria (疟疾) treatment may drive creativity to some extent in China's TCM industry. However, the current state of affairs cannot be changed within a short time. （1）Why does the author mention the example of Michael Phelps? A. Because he was injured in his swimming. B. Because cupping is a kind of important TCM treatment. C. Because westerners know a little about TCM. D. Because westerners attach great importance to TCM. （2）Why don't some member countries of WHO recognize Chinese herbal medicine? A. Because Chinese herbs can get rid of diseases. B. Because they only approve the practice of acupuncture. C. Because Western medicine is more effective. D. Because medicine made out of Chinese herbs develops slowly. （3）Compared with Western medicine, what is the weak point of TCM in Paragraph 4? A. The methods of planting herbs. B. The effectiveness of prescription. C. Lacking in standardization. D. Its stable functions.