中学英定从句中常例析
定从句中常例析
在使用定从句程中 , 有些学生往往会出或那的 . 避免些 , 一些常作以：
1 从句中多余
[ ] The finger I dipped into the cup was not the one I put it into my mouth.
[ 正 ] The finger I dipped into the cup was not the one I put into my mouth.
上例中 , 关系代that或which在定从句中作, 可省去 , 因此 , 从句中
2 从句中缺少主
[] He is the professor gave us a speech yesterday.
[ 正 ] He is the professor who gave us a speech yesterday.
关系代who 或 that在定从句中做主不能省略, 否 , 句子构不完整.
3 从句中主不一致
it多余 .
[ ]I, who is your friend, will try my best to help you.
[ 正 ]I, who am your friend, will try my best to help you.
定从句中 , 关系代做主 , 注意主一致 , 也就是 , 根据先行的人称和数来确定从句中的形式 .
如： -
I just spoke to the doctor who is an eye specialist.
He was the only one of youngest girls who plays in the band.
4搭配
[ ]Don’ t talk about such things that you do not understand.
[ 正 ]Don’ t talk about such things as you do not understand.
在 such ? as 构中 ,as 所引的中定从句, 不能用其它关系代代替, 但在 the same?as
构中 , 如属同用as, 如 :如You’ ve made the same mistake as I did ,not changed ,not another or others作之意,需用that，如You’ve madethe same mistake that you made last time。
5关系代用
（1） what 与 that 用
[]All what she could do was to go back home.
[ 正 ]All that she could do was to go back home.
what 一不能引定从句. 当先行是all, 用关系that引定从句,另外,有些
复合不定代（如nothing everything:等）作先行,或先行受形容、序数等修
, 关系代常用that而不用which.如::They asked him to tell them everything that he saw in the factory.
（2） Who 与 whom 用
[]The citizens ,most of who were workers ,welcomed the new mayor.
[ 正 ]The citizens ,most of whom were workers ,welcomed the new mayor.
关系代跟介后面引定从句修人用
从句修物用which如:The two things and some of the idioms
Whom;同 , 关系代跟介后面引定
about which Marx was not sure were grammar
（3） that 与 which 用
[ ]Tom ’s dog, that was very old now, became ill and died, [ 正 ]Tom’ s dog, which was very old now , became ill and died 非限制定从句 , 用关系代 which 引 .
（ 4） that与who用
[ ]They talked about an hour of things and persons who they’re memberedin the school. [ 正 ]They talked about an hour of things and persons that they’ re membered in the school.
, 要用关系代that引定从句
先行在多个, 且既是人又是物
6 关系代与关系副混淆
[ ]I ’ ve been to the city where you visited last week.
[ 正 ]I ’ ve been to the city that you visited last week
定从句修代表地点、的先行, 要看代表先行的关系在定从句中是否作
的 . 如作的 , 就要用关系代 that 或 which 引定从句 . 反之 , 要用关系副 where （表地点）或when（表） , 在定从句中作状 . 如 :Mary would never forget the evening when she lost the beautiful necklace
7 先行混淆
[]}Is this museum that you visited the other day?
[ 正 ]Is this museum the one you visited the other day?
例中 This museum 主 , 并非先行 . 照句子构缺少表the one, 即定从句所修的
先行 .
8 定从句与句混淆
[]Is it in this museum where he works?
[ 正 ]Is it in this museum that he works?
上例句. 需要住的是, 句型止It is/was+
被部分+that/who?不能与定
从句混淆 .
9 漏介
[]The person whom I spoke just now is the manager
[ 正 ]The person whom I spoke to just now is the manager.
句的意思是:“ 才和我的那个人是理. ”根据句意 , 定从句中的关系代whom 在句子成分上就无可放, 无法解 . 又如 :This is the room that we lived last year.
改 :This is the room that we lived in last year（关系代that作介in的,
故不能漏）
10 用先行前面的限定
[ ]My house which/that I bought last year has a lovely garden before it
[ 正 ]The house which/that I-bought last year has a lovely garden before it.
[ 正 ]My house, which I bought last year, has a lovely garden before it, 11
用关系 . 有以下几种情况 :
（ 1）物主代his 不能引定从句
[]I met Tom ,under his arm there was a book .
[ 正 ]I met Tom ,under whose arm there was a book .
（ 2）用关系which 而不用人称代it .
[ ]He lived in a house,in front of it stands a tall tree .
[ 正 ] He lived in a house,in front of which stands a tall tree .
(3) 用关系whom,不用人称代格them .
[]I have two brothers ,all of them are in Beijing .
[ 正 ]I have two brothers,all of whom are in Beijing .
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