The Requirements of Secretary KAS By 周丹
Student NO:201405140832
Class:11
Chosen subject:Secretary KAS
Course name: Foreign Secretary
December 2015
Abstract:In this paper introduced knowledge,ability and skills that a secretary need to master.In other words,secretaries need to optimize their knowledge structure,improve all-round abilities and master more skills in order to meet the requirements of the times.
Key words:secretary,knowledge structure,overall abilities,more modern skills.
1.Introduction:
As the advent of modern science and technology,the rapid development of society,the secretaries are now encountering both many new opportunities and severe challenges.So,the Secretary proposes to clearly understand the situation, strengthen the consciousness of self regulation.The most important thing is they need to optimize their knowledge structure,improve their all-around abilities,and master more skills in order to meet the new requirements of a secretary.Hence,we need to know what the knowledge,abilities and skills the secretary need to own.
2.Optimize knowledge structure:
2.1.How to optimize knowledge structure.
About how to optimize our knowledge structure.In the past ,the fields of knowledge the secretary need to involve in are not as so much as https://www.doczj.com/doc/4c12185925.html,ually,they only need to be good at writing,business,finance.But with the enormous social change,the secretary need to master more knowledge,such as legal knowledge,etiquette knowledge,cultural background knowledge, psychology knowledge,natural science and society knowledge.They need to read more book and experience more in order to enrich their knowledge.
2.2.Legal knowledge.
The laws structure is becoming more and more complete,copyright and patent are too cases in point.As a secretary,she need to know laws in order to protect the company’s interest.Take this case for example,W company produce and sale a kind of air conditioner 5000 by using H's patented technology.But W company produce the that kind of air conditioner without the permission of H company because the CEO’s secretary suggested.Both the secretary and leaders do not know the patent right.Finally,W company was accused of infringement of patent right by H company.In this case,W company won’t be accused if the secretary remind of the leaders that it is an illegal behavior.So it is more and more urgent for a secretary to learn some legal knowledge.
2.3.Etiquette and culture knowledge.
As the acceleration of globalization and the increasingly intensive international commercial competition and cooperation.The cross-strait commercial communications sharply increase.Therefore,the knowledge of international etiquette and culture is becoming more and more significant for secretaries.For example,secretaries need to know the different greeting manners in different countries when they attend the reception ceremony of foreign clients in order to avoid some unnecessary troubles and misunderstanding.Take America and Japan for example,Americans usually hug and kiss on both cheeks when two persons meet for the first time.While in Japan,hug and kiss are considered not so polite because they usually bow to each other when the first meet in Japan.So it is of vital importance for secretaries to master some international etiquette and culture for avoiding problems and cooperate better.
2.4.psychology knowledge.
Psychology knowledge is becoming more and more vital in modern business.As secretaries,they usually need to communicate and negotiate with presentments from other company.Secretaries need some psychology knowledge and analyze the client’s thoughts in order to win the most interest for their own companies.Sometimes,it was the Psychological warfare that helps a lot in a negotiation.
2.5.The natural science and society knowledge.
It is very common for secretaries to take part in some activities held by other company or
organization .They need to have talks with other people so as to close their relationship for their further cooperation.Supposed the secretaries have a wealth of natural science and society knowledge,it’s much more easy for them to cater to others interests and hobbies.Understandingly,the secretary can win more cooperate opportunities for her company.
3.Improve overall abilities.
3.1.The significance of improve overall abilities.
Secretaries are required to improve their overall ability in order to adapt to the rapid development of times.There abilities include judgment ability and executive ability,understanding and insight ,information collection ability and writing ability.public relations ability and so forth.
3.2.Judgment ability and executive ability.
The most important one is judgment ability and executive ability.Secretaries as the assistants of the leaders,it is the most important duty for secretaries to deal with some work efficiently assigned by leaders. We can judge if a secretary own good judgment ability and executive ability by observing if the secretary can analyze the problem,if she own the knowledge and experience in solving problems,if she can take actions immediately.When the company encounter some emergency incident,the secretary need to find what is the fundamental reasons,then solve the problem by using the knowledge and experience have gotten.In addition, there are many other things need the secretary do very efficiently and successfully,such as,making an agenda very quickly,arranging a phone meeting efficiently,preparing and holding a anniversary party successfully.
3.3Understanding and insight.
For example,Mrs A is the secretary of president of a private enterprise producing frozen vegetables. Approaching the end of the year, the boss is not uncharacteristically with the finance manager to discuss this year's accounts, nor with the sales manager to discuss the destruction of the market next year, on the contrary, he often took the manager of the R & D department and Tourism Bureau of the local people to drink and chat.Mrs A through pondering, and finally understand the boss has seen a new profit growth point for the production of frozen vegetables. After understanding the boss's intention, so he took the time to collect information on the ecological tourism agriculture and made it into files, then delivered to the boss. The boss looked and praised Mrs A.A secretary needs to have such an accurate understanding and insight. Of course, as a secretary not deliberately even beyond their authority. In order to save time, the secretary should know what the boss will give you what work, so as to prepare in advance.
3.4.Th information collection ability and writing ability.
The information collection ability and writing ability are also very important.As secretaries,they usually need to help their leaders to do some market analysis and survey report.Even sometimes they need to draft the finance budget and some speech draft.So secretaries need to do well in information collect and writing in order to finish the work perfectly.Sometimes the report not only will submit to leaders but also government department,so it is of momentous importance for secretaries to do well in writing.
3.5.Public relations ability
Public relations ability is a must for a qualified secretary.It’s hard for a company to not get struck in some emergency trouble.Sometimes,it was the secretary’s PR ability that helps a company come through a hard time.They can settle everything done through their PR ability when the company get struck in trouble.There is no doubt that a secretary who own excellent PR ability will be appreciated by the leaders.
4.Master more modern skills.
4.1The importance of mastering more modern skills.
As the society becoming more and more developed,a secretary need to master some high-technology skills,such as proficient in computer,be familial with some cell phone APP,good at fax and copy.
4.2.The skills the secretaries need to master.
A secretary usually is a jack of all trades due to the work feature.A secretary usually help the leader to deal with some data and files,so a secretary should use the working software expertly,such as OFFICE,WORD,EXCEL,PPT,FOXMAIL.A secretary often needs to fax some files to other company and copies some hand out used when have a meeting,so a secretary needs to master fax and copy skills.With the industry of cars,almost every leader owns a private car,sometimes the leaders are too tired to drive cars or too drank to drive cars.So it is necessary for secretary to possess a driving license.Moreover,as the globalization,cross-strait businesses are becoming more and more common.Hence,mastering various languages is very helpful when you compete with other secretaries.
5.conclusion
This paper has highlighted the KAS a secretary needs to master.For this topic,the views vary from person to person.I state my own views in this paper.In a nutshell, the secretary plays a more important role in a company,but the requirements also become higher and higher.Secretaries need to master more knowledge,ability and skills in order to meet the new requirements to secretaries.
Reference
Secretary English.
文秘基础知识与技能
案首
Knowing Career Warm-up activity Matching Are you really preparing for the hunting? What kind of preparation should you do before you start your job interview? Listed below are some things you need to get ready or familiar before your job interview. Try to match 1.certificate a.求职简历 2.job vacancy b.求职信 3.prospective employer c.毕业文凭 4.job duties d.证书 5.requirements for applicants e.职位空缺 6.major competitor f.招聘广告 7.major market g.潜在招聘方 8.want ad h.应聘条件 9.diploma i.应聘表 10.cover letter j.工作职责 11.application form k.主要市场 12.reasons for hiring l.主要竞争公司 13.corporate culture m.招聘原因 14.curriculum vitae n.企业文化 15.telephone screening o.电话筛选 16.shortlist p.最后候选人名单 Key to answers: 1. d 2.e 3.g 4.j 5.h 6.l 7.k 8.f 9.c 10.b 11.i 12.m 13.n 14.a 15.o 16.p II. Introduction to the topic Questions for students to discuss: 1. What do you want to do after graduation? 2. What should an employee do to hunt a job? 3. Have you ever experienced hunting a part-time job?
Unit 1 Before a candidate entered the company or moved up, he or she would be interviewed and tested by the ____. 选择一项： A. B. Finance Dept. C. D. 反馈 你的回答不正确 正确答案是：Personnel Dept. Within the organization chart, which one is at the top? ____. 选择一项： A. B. CEO
C. President D. Supervisory Board 反馈 你的回答不正确 正确答案是：Board of directors An applicant needs to prepare the ____ to let the employer see whether he/she has the right experience, skills, and personal qualities for the job. 选择一项： A. B. responsibility C. D. 反馈 你的回答不正确 正确答案是：resume A (n) ____ and ____ person could make a good secretary.
选择一项： A. optimistic; forgetful B. dutiful; efficient C. faithful; mouthy D. stubborn; inconsiderate 反馈 你的回答正确。 正确答案是：dutiful; efficient Which of the following description is NOT the secretary’s working responsibility? 选择一项： A. To collect and integrate information B. To handle travel arrangements C. To schedule meetings and appointments D. To hold board meetings
文秘英语情景对话 Scene one:Office reception Character:Mary(ABC company’s secretary) Cherry( XYZ company’s Deputy General Manager ) Place：Secretary's Office ,ABC company C：Hi,I 'm Cherry Stark, from China XYZ Company. We have an appointment with Mr. Thomas. M：Welcome to ABC Company. We have been expecting you, please have a seat. I will call him. C: Thank you. M: I 'm sorry . Mr. Thomas is making a long distance call. Please wait for a few minutes. C: OK. I would like to wait here. M：In the meantime, may I ask all of you to sign in so that I can issue your passes? C：Should each of us write separately? M: Yes, please. Please print your name and company name, and the person you are going to see. Mr. Thomas will be here very soon. Would you like some coffee or tea? C: Coffee would be fine. M: How would you like your coffee? C: I like it black.
Knowing Career Warm-up activity Matching Are you really preparing for the hunting? What kind of preparation should you do before you start your job interview? Listed below are some things you need to get ready or familiar before your job interview. Try to match 1.certificate a.求职简历 2.job vacancy b.求职信 3.prospective employer c.毕业文凭 4.job duties d.证书 5.requirements for applicants e.职位空缺 6.major competitor f.招聘广告 7.major market g.潜在招聘方 8.want ad h.应聘条件 9.diploma i.应聘表 10.cover letter j.工作职责 11.application form k.主要市场 12.reasons for hiring l.主要竞争公司 13.corporate culture m.招聘原因 14.curriculum vitae n.企业文化 15.telephone screening o.电话筛选 16.shortlist p.最后候选人名单 Key to answers: 1. d 2.e 3.g 4.j 5.h 6.l 7.k 8.f 9.c 10.b 11.i 12.m 13.n 14.a 15.o 16.p II. Introduction to the topic Questions for students to discuss: 1. What do you want to do after graduation? 2. What should an employee do to hunt a job? 3. Have you ever experienced hunting a part-time job?
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文秘英语整理 阅读理解 Unit1 Some secretarial positions require that secretaries have specialized skills.Legal secretaries, for instance (举例), are supposed to prepare legal papers under the attorney ’s supervision. In other words, legal secretaries must be able to classify (归类) legal papers according to the attorney ’s requirements. They may also review (浏览) journals and write reports for the attorney and should be able to present ideas clearly and coherently. When writing such reports, legal secretaries are not free （免费）to express their own thoughts and views. They must write the reports in the tone of the attorney. In order to accomplish their assignments （任务，作业）well, legal secretaries should be able to take directions easily and listen to the attorney carefully for instructions. They should also be able to access information quickly by being highly organized. In addition , （除此之外）legal secretaries should have clear and in depth understanding of the duties and responsibilities needed to be effective in the job. When confronted with a problem, they should actively seek a solution. Unit2 Good human relations (关联，关系) in business require the ability to deal positively with coworkers and supervisors. A good working relationship with the executive is of utmost importance. You should understand your employer as an individual. Inaddition ,（除此以外）you must be aware of (意识到，知道)the particular goals and burdens that are assoc iated with anexecutive’s position. You must prove yourself worthy of the employer’s confidence and the responsibility for handing （处理，操作的）confidential and personal materials. A good employer-secretary team will cooperatively develop guidelines to enable the secretary to take shared administrative responsibility for routine （常规的）duties, and to supervise the work of coworkers. As a secretary, you will need to work well not only with your peers but with all coworkers , （同事）regardless of professional （专业的）levels. In doing so, you should display loyalty, dependability, and good judgment. Good working relations must extend to visitors. You can be proud of your role in creating a positive image （概念，印象）to outsiders. Unit3 Being a secretary （秘书）presents pleasant tasks and challenges to grow. What is good about the job is that you can learn a lot of knowledge from the manager （管理人）and other people around you. You have more opportunities to work with the 单选20’ 阅读理解10x2’ 完形填空10’ 翻译6x5’中译英英译中 写作20’
关于介绍朋友的英语口语对话 【导语】语言是交流的工具，语言学习的比较好方法是“以练为本”。大家都知道“说”很重要，用跟自己生活没有关系的材料练习口语，根本不算“使用语言”。以下是由苏阳文斋为您整理了关于介绍朋友的英语口语对话，以真实的文秘工作和生活为背景进行“场景会话 教学”，充分考虑了语言学习的自然过程，强调纯正的工作和生活用语，重在对话和交流，易于学习和掌握。让我们一起来学习吧。 【篇一】关于介绍朋友的英语口语对话 A: Hi, Rose. I haven't seen you for ages. B: It really has been for ages. How is everything? A: Very well, thank you. Rose, do you know myfriend, Tom? B: I don't know. What's wrong? A: But he knew you, and asked me to say "hello" to you. B: Tom? Is he new here? A: Yes, he's from Boston Public School.
B: It's an excellent school. And I think he will enjoyhimself in our school soon. A:嗨，罗斯，好久不见啦! B:是的，一切都好吗? A:很好，谢谢。罗斯，认识我的朋友汤姆吗? B:我不认识，怎么了? A:但是他认识你，并要我向你问好。 B:汤姆?是新来的吗? A:是的，他以前是波士顿公立学校的学生。 B:那是一个好学校，我相信他很快会 喜欢我们学校的。
英语专业就业前景 随着中国经济发展进一步加快，中国和世界的联系也会加强，在一个较长的时期内，英语专业仍会继续保持自己良好的就业前景。近几年的高考招生情况可以看出，外语专业或外语院校的报考热度不减。由于中国融入全球经济一体化步伐的加快，国家对外语类人才的需求逐年攀升，特别是作为全世界通用的语言英语。英语专业毕业生就业前景乐观。计算机、通讯工程、微电子等电子信息专业人才需求依旧旺盛，毕业生就业形势良好。 英语专业就业方向 毕业生适合于外经贸各部委、贸易公司、涉外机构、外商投资企业、跨国公司、金融国贸等单位的文秘、翻译、业务人员或行政管理人员等工作，同时也适合于各级政府涉外部门、各类外向型企业或公司以及银行、保险、海关、边防、高等院校及科研部门工作等工作。 英语专业就业前景怎么样? 我是学英语的，毕业已经两年，根据经验和了解， 现在的就业形势一般吧，毕竟现在这个专业的学生太多了 一般来说，英语专业毕业生的去向大致一下几种 1.教师--这是大部分女生向往的。如果你是师范类的可以考，非示范的比较难。非示范的想进公立学校，目前来看只能读研然后再进，但按照现在的形势，过几年也说不准（但关系硬者除外）考试大－全国最大教育类网站(www．Examda。com) 2.公务员：这条路不错，看你的实力+运气了 3.做翻译。进公司或者翻译公司。 4.进公司做外贸业务员，跟单之类的。或者秘书、普通文职工作。 只要学好了，相信自己的前途是光明的。考试大－全国最大教育类网站(www．Examda。com) 另外，如果你想考研：采集者退散 第一建议你将来跨专业考国际经济法。因为这个就业前景非常光明，甚至说是灿烂！因为目前国内，精通国际法，又能熟练运用英语的人，是在凤毛麟角。能够做到这一点的律师，基本上打一个官司下来几百万rmb不成问题，可以休息几年不用工作了。 第二建议学同声传译，这个工作是按小时拿薪水的。国际上，会议同传通常每小时3000美金。但是这个难度非常大，而且35岁以后很难做下去，因为非常累。
文秘英语对话稿 标注：A—总裁秘书B—合作公司的经理C—副总裁秘书 A: Mr. Li Hua’s office, Zhang Yi speaking. B: Good morning, Ms. Zhang Yi. My name is Tony and I’m from UC Company. I’d like to see Mr. Li. A: Is something urgent? B: Yes. I want to talk with him about something confidential over the contract. A: I’m afraid Mr. Li is not here now, he has been occupied recently. B: Could you make an appointment for me as soon as he is available? I’d like to meet him as quickly as possible. A: I see. Is Friday morning convenient for you? B: Oh sorry, I have an appointment with my client on that time. A: Please wait a moment, I’ll check Mr. Li’s schedule again…Sorry to keep you waiting, Mr. Tony. Uh, I’m afraid that Mr. Li is too busy to see you. He’s booked up in next two weeks. And would you like to talk to someone else in our company? B: En, please help me contact with your vice president. A: OK, please hold on. B: Hello, Lily, this is Zhang Yi. Please help me check Mr. Wang’s schedule. I’d like to know when Mr. Wang is available, there is a client wants to talk
《涉外文秘》（英语）课程教学大纲 （2004年制订，2005年修订） 课程编号: 100027 英文名: English for Secretaries 课程类别：专业选修课 前置课：《国际贸易实务》、《商贸英语》 学分：2学分 课时：36课时 主讲教师：周标等 选定教材：江晓云,《SUP秘书英语》,广州：中南工业大学出版社,1999 课程概述: 秘书英语作为ESP(English for Specific Purposes)的一种，具有独特的语言现象和文体风格，应用于英语文秘这个特定的职业范围，涉及文秘工作的专门化内容，是正在从事或将从事秘书行业的人员学习或应用的专门用途英语。本课程以英语专业高年级的本科生为教学对象，课程教学分为三个部分：第一部分为秘书的工作和职责，如接待来访、安排会务、使用电话、档案处理等，同时了解作为21世纪的现代秘书所面临的挑战、应具备的条件和能力。第二部分是商业流通中的秘书，了解秘书与银行、邮政、电子通讯等方面的关系，介绍电子邮件、传真、电传等方面的知识和应用。第三部分秘书英语写作，是课程的重点。其中将商业信函写作作为基础、重点，介绍便函、建议书、报告书等商业文件的写作，强调语言文体的规范化，使用现代英语。同时，每课都比较集中地提供与课文内容相关的文秘、商务、邮电通讯等方面的专业词汇和用语，供学习时应用。 教学目的: 本课程涉及文秘工作的各个方面: 档案、处理邮件、电话联系、安排会议和出差、使用办公设备及写各种公函等,旨在培养学生的语言能力和专业知识的应用能力, 包括熟练的英语情景对话和得体的应用文、常用商业文件的写作能力培养。通过本课程的学习, 学生应掌握涉外接待事务, 了解涉外会议知识、涉外礼仪知识等, 掌握涉外文书的种类及写法。
应聘秘书面试实例对话 孙女士有多年的秘书工作经验。今天她来到一家公司面试。 A=Applicant I=Interviewer R: Good morning, madam. Can I help you? 早上好，女士，需要我帮忙吗? A: Good morning. I am Sunfang. Yesterday Mr. Smith told me to come for a job interview this morning. Is he available now? 早上好，我叫孙芳。昨天史密斯先生通知我今天早上来面试，他现在有时间吗? R: Yes, he is waiting for you in Room 123. 有，他正在123房间等你。 A: Thank you very much. 非常感谢你。 A: May I come in? 我可以进来吗? I: Come in, please. 请进。 A: Good morning, Mr. Smith. I am Sunfang coming for an interview. 早上好，史密斯先生。我是孙芳，来面试的。 I: Nice to see you. Take a seat, please. 很高兴见到你。请坐。 A: Thank you. 谢谢。
I: We have been looking over your application. I see you have got several years experience in secretarial work. What kind of work did you do in your previous job? 我们已经仔细看过你的申请表了，我知道你已经有几年的文秘工作经验。你以前的工作具体做什么? A: I mainly did typing, filing, answering telephone calls and such routine work in the beginning. I started the job as a junior secretary, but within the year I was promoted to senior secretary of Southeast Company. I drafted business correspondence1 for the general manager. 开始主要是打字、文件归档、回电话等日常工作。刚开始工作时我是初级秘书，不过在一年内我被东南公司提升为高级秘书。我为总经理起草商业信件。 I: Then what's the reason that promoted you to leave Southeast Company? 那什么原因促使你离开东南公司呢? A: Last month the company moved to Guangzhou for further development. I was reluctant to relocate because I love Nanjing so much. 上个月公司搬到了广州去发展。我很喜欢南京，不想重新安家。 I: Tell me what you know about our company. 能说说你对我们公司的了解吗? A: Your company is the leading dealer2 in the import and export of cosmetics3. Also, you have a reputation for being a good company to work for and you are in last year's top 500 Employers list. 贵公司在化妆品进出口方面是最主要的经销商，而且你们公司名声很好，值得为其工作，还有你们公司上了去年最佳500名雇主的名单。 I: Tell me three positive qualities your coworkers would use to describe you and your work style. 说说你的同事评价你的为人以及工作方式的三个积极方面。 A: First they'll say I am very punctual. They'll also say I am a cheerful person to work with. I don't bring my problems to work. I try to have a positive attitude about work. And thirdly, they will say I am flexible. I accept change easily. 首先他们会说我是一个非常守时的人。他们也会说和我一起工作很愉快。我从不把个人的麻烦带到工作中。我努力以积极的态度来工作。第三，我处事很灵活--我很容易接受变化。
浅谈英语教学中的交际性原则 摘要：交际性原则是一项根本的语言教学原则，运用交际性原则组织教学是实现语言教学目的根本保证。本文主要探讨了在英语教学中如何体现和运用交际性原则。 关键词：英语教学；交际性原则；如何体现和运用 交际性原则是一项根本的语言教学原则。自70年代以来,以交际性原则为基础的外语教学模式在国内外日渐盛行。在我国加入世贸组织以后，随着对外交往变得日益重要，运用交际性原则组织外语教学已为我国教育者所普遍认可并大力推广。外语教学中交际性原则的内涵是什么呢？在英语教学中应如何具体运用呢？下面，笔者就英语教学中的交际性原则进行一下理论和实践方面的探讨。 一、交际性教学原则的内涵 语言教学的交际性原则起源于20世纪60年代末，是交际教学法的重要理论基础。交际教学法(Communicative Language Teaching)是英国应用语言学家坎德林(Christopher Candli)和威多森(Henry Widdowson)等人在60年代末期创立的一种外语教学法。交际教学法认为,培养交际能力应该是语言教学的根本目的，听、说、读、写四种语言技能的训练必须为交际能力服务。也就是说，在语言教学中应体现和运用交际性原则。交际性原则的基本特征可以概括为三点:其—，语言是表达意义的体系；其二，语言的主要功能是交际功能；其三，语言的主要单位不仅是语法、结构特征，还包括功能范畴。 二、在英语教学中如何体现和运用交际性原则 英语教学的交际性原则就是要求教师在教学过程中把英语当作交际工具来教，从而使学生把英语当作交际工具来学。在英语课堂教学中，具体如何体现和运用交际性原则呢？笔者认为，应做到以下几点：1．教学过程交际化 教学过程实际上是一个师生输出和接受信息的过程。传统的教学过程形成了一个模式：教师传授知识→学生接受知识→学生巩固知识。在这样的教学过程中，教师是知识的传授者，是教育的主体，处于绝对的权威地位。教师决定教学活动的目的、内容、方式和进展情况。学生是知识的被动接受者，是教育的客体，处于教师的权威控制之下。这样的语言教学模式师生之间缺少了相互交流、沟通，只会使学生成为死记硬背条条框框知识的工具，而不会活学活用，自然也不能用学来的语言知识进行交际。英语是一种交际工具，英语教学的目的就是培养和发展学生使用这种交际工具的能力。交际性教学原则充分体现了语言教学的目的和 实质，要求教学过程交际化，要求语言教学过程就是一个师生运用语言作为交际工具进行交流的过程。交际性教学原则的英语教学过程为：已知英语知识的交际 实践→新的英语语言项→新旧英语知识的综合交际实践。在这样的教学过程中，教师是语言交际活动的组织者，根据教学目的和学生的实际情况把已授和新授的语言知识融入到交际训练中去；学生是语言交际活动的积极参加者，在教师的引导下，在交际环境中真实地使用所学语言知识进行交际。例如，在英语阅读教学 中，教师可采取“互动型”阅读教学。首先，学生进行分组阅读、讨论，解决教师提出的阅读任务。然后各组提出新的问题，可以向其他小组提问，也可以向老师提问。最后，教师进行总结性点评和补充性讲解。这种教学模式将学生最大限度地置于主体地位，能极大地调动学生的学习积极性和交际欲望，是一种很有效的教学模式。 2.教学内容语境化 语境就是上下文单词、短语、语句或篇章的前后关系。单词、短语、语句等基本语言单位只有在一定的语境下才具有其确切真实的含义，脱离了语境，语言单位就不具备交际功能。语境化是英语教学的基本前提。任何教学内容包括词汇、语音、语法等如果脱离了语境进行教学，教学效果都将是不理想的，学生不可能确切掌握所学语言知识的交际功能。例如，在词汇教学中，如果教师只对一个单词或词组只进行简单的语音、语义的讲授，学生是不可能掌握其真实含义和确切用法的。但教师如果把该单词和词组设置在一定的语境中进行讲解和训练，教学效果就显然不同了。就拿“Excuse me”这个词组作为例子吧。在以前的英语教学中，英语教师只是告诉学生“Excuse me”是“对不起”的意思，学生总是以为“Excuse me”只表示道歉之意。但如果英语教师在课堂教学设置两个情景：情景一：Mr Smith said to a stranger at a bus stop:“Excuse me ,does this bus go to the railway station?”情景二：When Mr Smith stepped on my foot, he said to me:“Excuse me!”学生看过这两个情景表演或这两个句子之后，就立刻明白“Excuse me”不仅有道歉之意，而且在与陌生人开始对话时是引起对方注意的开场语。由此可见，在语境中进行词汇教学，学生不仅能清楚地理解词汇的含义，轻松地掌握其用法，而且印象深刻，难以忘记。同样，英语的语音、语法等教学内容也应尽量在语境中组织教学，这样学生才能真正理解和掌握所学语言知识，并在交际实践中加以运用。
文秘英语期末复习0907 一、题型 I Fill in the blanks with the words and expressions listed below. (20%, each 2 points ) that you can learn a lot of knowledge from the ___2___and other people around you. You have more opportunities to work ___3___ the manager than any other colleagues in the company. It is easier for you to make a ___4___impression on the manager and get promoted. Besides, you can know many ___5___people through frequent contact with them, which can also help you learn new skills. On the other ___6___, it is not an easy task to be a secretary. You may ___7___a lot of problems in your work. For instance, you may need to be an interpreter ___8___you can’t speak the other language well. Sometimes, you even have to say or do something that is ___9___your desires. Worst of ___10___, you are not supposed to complain when your manager is upset with you. Good human ______(1) in business require the ability require to deal positively with coworkers and supervisors. A good working relationship with the executive is of utmost ___________(2). You should understand your employer as an individual. __________(3), you must ____________(4) the particular goals and burdens that associated with an executive’s position. You must prove your self worthy of the employer’s confidence and the responsibility for __________(5) confidential and personal materials. A good employer-secretary team will cooperatively develop guidelines to enable the secretary to take shared administrative responsibility for _______(6) duties, and to supervise the work of coworkers. As a secretary, you will need to work well not only with your peers but with all ___________(7) , regardless of ______(8) levels. In doing so, you should display loyalty, dependability, and good judgment. Good _________(9)relations must extend to visitors. You can be proud of your role in creating a positive _______(10) to outsiders. Ans: Oak Brook, Illinois. It was ________(2) in 1961. It has come a long way since they opened their training ________(3) in the basement of a restaurant. From then on, they have moved it twice and