当前位置:文档之家› 一、精心选一选((本大题共10小题,每小题4分,满分40分; …

一、精心选一选((本大题共10小题,每小题4分,满分40分; …

一、精心选一选((本大题共10小题,每小题4分,满分40分; …
一、精心选一选((本大题共10小题,每小题4分,满分40分; …

北师版八年级数学上册半期考试题

时间:120分钟 总分:150分

一、精心选一选((本大题共10小题,每小题4分,满分40分)

1、9的算术平方根是( )

A. 3

B. ±3

C. 3

D. ±

3 2、在下列各数中无理数有( )

-0.333…,5,4,-π,3π,3.1415,2.010101…(相邻两个1之间有1个0),76.0123456…(小数部分由相继的正整数组成)。

A . 3个 B. 4个 C . 5个 D. 6个

3、如图,是我校的长方形水泥操场,如果

一学生要从A 角走到C 角,至少走( )

A. 80米

B. 90米

C. 100米

D. 110米

4、已知从多边形的一个顶点引出的对角线把多边形分

为10个三角形,则此多边形内角

和是( )

A.14400

B.18000

C.21600

D.1620

0 5、下列命题中,正确的是( )

A.矩形的对角线互相垂直

B.菱形的对角线相等

C.正方形的对角线互相垂直平分且相等

D.等腰梯形的对角线互相平分

6、以下五家银行行标中,是轴对称图形又是中心对称的有( )

A.1个

B.2个

C.3个

D.4个

7、体育课上,刘老师在篮球场上放置三个

不在同一直线上的A ,B ,C 三个篮球,

现将篮球D 放置其中,使A ,B ,C ,D

四个篮球组成 一个平行四边形,试问

篮球D 在图中位置有( )

A. 1处

B. 2处

C. 3处

D. 4处

8、下列四个图形中,不能通过图形平移得到的是( )

9、如图,等腰梯形ABCD 中,AD ∥BC ,AD=5,

AB=6,BC=8,且AB ∥DE ,

△DEC 的周长是( )

A.3

B.12

C.15

D.19

10、如图,矩形ABCD 沿AE 折叠,使D 点落在BC 边上的F 点处。

如果∠BAF=60ο,则∠DAE 等于( )

A.15

B.30

C.45

D.60

二、细心填一填(本大题共10小题,每小题3分,满分30分)

11、化简:(1)27= ,(2)3125= ,(3)51 = _ ____。

12、若362=x 则=x ;若278

3-=x ,则=x ;

211x=x =(-),则 。

13、 如图所示一棱长为3cm 的正方体,把所有的面

均分成3?3个小正方形。其边长都为1cm ,

假设一只蚂蚁每秒爬行2cm ,则它从下底面

点A 沿表面爬行至侧面的B 点,

最少要用 秒钟。

14、△ABC 和△DCE 是等边三角形,则在此图 中,△ACE 绕着 点逆时针方向

旋转 度可得到△ 。

15、菱形的面积为24㎝2,一对角线长为6㎝,则另一对角线长为 ,边长

E

D

C B A

16、A 、B 、C 、D 在同一平面内,从①AB ∥CD ;②AB=CD ;③BC ∥AD ;

④BC=AD 这四个条件中任选两个,能使四边形ABCD 是平行四边形

的选法有______种。

17、要把一个菱形判定为正方形,可添加的条件为_______________(只写一个条件).

18、如图所示是某工厂厂房屋顶的人字架

(等腰三角形),它的跨度BC =12米,

中柱AD 为2.5米,中柱AD ⊥BC ,

且垂足D 为BC 的中点,又知厂房长

10米,为防雨,需在房顶铺满油毡。(每卷油毡宽1米,长10米)

如果你是该厂采购,需购买___ ____卷油毡。

19、如图,四边形ABCD 是边长为1的正方形,

P 是ABCD 的边CD 上的任意一点,且PE ⊥DB

于点E ,PF ⊥AC 于点F ,则PE+PF= 。

20、如图,在梯形ABCD 中,AD ∥BC ,并且AB=8,

C=900,则梯形面积S 梯形ABCD

= 。

三、耐心做一做:(本大题共8题,共80分)

21、化简(每小题5分,共20分)

(1)(23-2)

2 (2)(3+2)(3-2)

(3)

31227- (4)

22、(本小题8分)作出图中字母“H ”先向右平移3格,再把平移所得的图案绕它的左下角的顶点顺时针旋转90

0的图

23、(本小题8分)如图,是利用四边形的不稳定性制作的凉衣架。已知其中每个菱形的边长为20㎝,在墙上悬挂凉衣架的两个铁钉A 、B

之间的距离为 1

24、(本小题8分)小明和小东经常在一块等腰三角形的草坪上玩耍,一天他们发现了一个有趣的现象:如图的草坪是等腰△ABC ,AB =AC ,他们两人同在BC 边上一点P ,然后小明沿AC 平行线PE(点E 在AB 上)、EA 走向A 处,小东沿BA 的平行线PF(F 点在AC 上)、FA 走向A 处,当他两个步行速度一样时,他们同时到达A 点,并且在BC 边上不断改变P 点位置。在步行速度一定时,到达A 处的时间也完全一样,你知道为什么吗? 说说你理由。

25、(本小题8分)农村家庭打地基时,不像城市房基有专门仪器测量,他们往往采用土方法,先用绳子拉成四

边形分别量出房基的长a 和宽b (如图)。如果测得AD =BC ,AB =CD ,能保证房基是矩形吗?请你用学过的知识说明。如果不能保证是矩形,请说明还需要什么工序才能保证房基是矩形?(说出两种方法)

26、(本小题10分)已知:如图,在四边形ABCD 中,AB=CD ,BC=AD ,E 、F 是对角线AC 上的两点,且AE=CF 。试

说明BE=DF 。

27、(本小题8分)我们在学习“实数”时,画了这样一个图,即“以数轴上的单位长为‘1’的线段作一个正方

形,然后以原点O为圆心,正方形的对角线长为半径画弧交x 轴于点A”,请根据图形回答下列问题:(1)线段OA的长度是多少?(要求写出求解过程)

(2)这个图形的目的是为了说明什么?

(3)这种研究和解决问题的方式,体现了的数学思想方法。

(将下列符合的选项序号填在横线上)

A.数形结合 B. 代入 C. 换元 D. 归纳

8、(本小题10分)如图1,图2,四边形ABCD是正方形,M是AB延长线上一点.直角三角尺的一条直角边经过

点D,且直角顶点E在AB边上滑动(点E不与点A,B重合),另一条直角边与∠CBM的平分线BF相交于点F.(1)如图1,当点E在AB边的中点位置时:

①通过测量DE,EF的长度,猜想DE与EF满足的数量关系是;

②连接点E与AD边的中点N,猜想NE与BF满足的数量关系是;

③请说明你的上述两个猜想的正确性。

(2)如图2,当点E在AB边上的任意位置时,请你在AD边上找到一点N,使得NE=BF,进而猜想此时DE与EF有怎样的数量关系。

图1

图2

请再仔细检查一遍, 看看有没有错的、漏的, 别留下什么遗憾哦!

答案

一、1、A 2、B 3、C 4、B 5、C 6、B 7、C 8、D 9、C 10、A

二、11

、、±6;-23;2,0 13

14、C; 060;BCD 15、2006 16、4 17、 对角线相等(只填一个则可) 18、7 19

、2 20、192

5

21、解:(1)原式

=222+-?分

(2)原式

=222---------------------------------------------2分

=3-4-------------------------------------------------4分

=-1--------------------------------------------------5分

(3)原式

--------------------------------------------2分

--------------------------------------------------4分

=1-----------------------------------------------------5分

(4) 原式

=+-------------------------------2分

22、解:连结DQ ,AE

由图知

DQ=2AB=DF=

∴AE ⊥DF ,DO=OF ,AO=OE--------4分

则DO=

在Rt △ADO 中,∠ADO=900

,AD=20㎝,DO=

根据勾股定理得:2

=10㎝---------------6分

∴AE=2AO=20㎝

∴AD=DE=AE

∴△ADE 是等边三角形

∴∠1=600----------------------------------------------8分

23、解:画图略

平移正确--------------------4分;旋转正确-----------------------8分

24、解:∵PE ∥ACPF ∥AB ∴四边形AEPF 是平行四边形--------4分

∴PE =AF PF =AE-------------------------------------------8分

∴小明和小东会同时到达点A----------------------------------10分

25、解:不能保证四边形ABCD 是矩形---------------------------------2分

∵AD=BC ,AB =CD ABCD 是平行四边形--------------4分

1:AC =BD(对角线相等的平行四边形是矩形)-----------------7分

2:∠A =900 (有一个角是直角的平行四边形是矩形---------10分

26、

O

∵AB=CD BC=AD

∴四边形ABCD 是平行四边形(两组对边分别相等的四边形是平行四边

形)--------------------------------------------------3分

∴OA=OC ,OB=OD(平行四边形的对角线互相平分)------5分

∵AE=CF

∴OE=OF------------------------------------------6分

∴四边形BFDE 是平行四边形(对角线互相平分的四边形是平行四边

形)--------------------------------------------------8分

∴BE=DF(平行四边形的对边相等)--------------------10分 27、(1)解:∵222

OB 11=

+=2--------------------------------------------1分

∴分

(2)解:数轴上的点和实数一一对应关系------------------------------4分

(3)解:A---------------------------------------------------------6分

28、(1)①DE =EF-----------------------------------------------------1分

②NE=BF------------------------------------------------------2分

③解:∵四边形ABCD 是正方形AD =AB ,∠DAE =∠CBM =900

∵点N 、E 分别为AD 、AB 的中点DN =12AD ,AE =12

AB ∴DN =EB------------------------------------------------3分

在R t ANE 中,∠ANE =∠AEN =450DNE =1350

∵BF 平分∠CBM FBM =450EBF =1350 DNE =∠EBF-------------------------------------------4分

∵∠FBM +∠DEA =900 ∠ADE +∠DEA =900

∴∠FBM =∠ADE--------------------------------------------5分

∴△DNE ≌△EBF DE =EF NE =BF------------------------6分

(2)在AD 上截取AN =AE ,连结NE ,证法同上类似---------------10分

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1 Have you ever known anyone famous? If so, you may have found that they are remarkably similar to the rest of us. You may have even heard them to people saying there is anything different about them. "I'm really just a normal guy," an actor who has recently rocketed into the spotlight. There is, of course, usually a brief period while they are popular when they actually start to believe they are as great as their fans suggest. They start to wear clothes and talk as if everyone should hear what they have to say. This period, however, does not often last long. They fall back to reality as fast as they had risen above it all. What will it feel like to soar to such and look down like an eagle from up high on everyone else? And what will it feel like to have flown so high only to from your dream and realize you are only human? Some only see the in losing something they had gained. They often make attempts to regain what they lost. Often these efforts result in even greater pain. Some become financially and emotionally. The only real winners are those who are happy to be back on the ground with the rest of us. 你有没有见过名人吗?如果是这样的话,你可能会发现,他们对我们非常相似。你可能听说过他们的人说的有什么不同呢。”我真的只是一个普通人,”一位演员,最近飙升到了聚光灯下。有,当然,通常是一个短暂的时期,他们是受欢迎的,他们真的开始相信他们是球迷们为伟大的建议。他们开始穿上衣服,说每个人都应该听听他们要说些什么。然而,这一时期,常常不长久。他们回到现实,他们克服了所有的速度。你会觉得翔这样往下看像每个人从高处一只老鹰吗?什么将它感觉像飞得如此之高的只是从你的梦和意识到你是人吗?一些只能看到失去他们拥有的东西。他们经常试图恢复他们失去了什么。这些努力导致更大的痛苦。一些成为财政和感情。唯一的真正的赢家是那些高兴回来对我们其余的地面。 2 Have you ever heard of Jon Stewart? He is currently one of the most popular comics on television. His pessimistic view of the politics and government laughter, thought and even anger. He has a clever wit that often runs into with some government policies. His whole show is to making fun of the nonsense that occurs in politics. But, what makes his show so is his ability to tell his jokes with intelligence. "It's not just comedy," said one media expert. "His comments have a lot of over a very large audience in America. He has a lot of political power." Recently Stewart was a guest on a news show about politics. The host journalist a heated debate when he about Stewart's responsibility to the American public. Stewart argued that while the content of the script for his show may be political in nature, his primary is to entertain. The host journalist, however, emphasized the political influence of his performance. The argument ended up anger from both parties. The incident how sensitive some people can be to what others find funny. It also showed how important comedians have become to politics. 你听说过乔恩斯图尔特?他目前是电视上最受欢迎的漫画。他的悲观看法的政治和政府的笑声,思想甚至愤怒。

大学英语4翻译课文及课后答案,期末考试复习题完形填空15选10翻译十五选十选词填空Unit 6

Unit 6 "Don't ever mark in a book!" Thousands of teachers, librarians and parents have so advised. But Mortimer Adler disagrees. He thinks so long as you own the book and needn't preserve its physical appearance, marking it properly will grant you the ownership of the book in the true sense of the word and make it a part of yourself. HOW TO MARK A BOOK Mortimer J. Adler You know you have to read "between the lines" to get the most out of anything. I want to persuade you to do something equally important in the course of your reading. I want to persuade you to "write between the lines." Unless you do, you are not likely to do the most efficient kind of reading. You shouldn't mark up a book which isn't yours. Librarians (or your friends) who lend you books expect you to keep them clean, and you should. If you decide that I am right about the usefulness of marking books, you will have to buy them. There are two ways in which one can own a book. The first is the property right you establish by paying for it, just as you pay for clothes and furniture. But this act of purchase is only the prelude to possession. Full ownership comes only when you have made it a part of yourself, and the best way to make yourself a part of it is by writing in it. An illustration may make the point clear. You buy a beefsteak and transfer it from the butcher's icebox to your own. But you do not own the beefsteak in the most important sense until you consume it and get it into your bloodstream. I am arguing that books, too, must be absorbed in your bloodstream to do you any good. There are three kinds of book owners. The first has all the standard sets and best-sellers -- unread, untouched. (This individual owns wood-pulp and ink, not books.) The second has a great many books -- a few of them read through, most of them dipped into, but all of them as clean and shiny as the day they were bought. (This person would probably like to make books his own, but is restrained by a false respect for their physical appearance.) The third has a few books or many -- every one of them dog-eared and dilapidated, shaken and loosened by continual use, marked and scribbled in from front to back. (This man owns books.) Is it false respect, you may ask, to preserve intact a beautifully printed book, an elegantly bound edition? Of course not. I'd no more scribble all over a first edition of "Paradise Lost" than I'd give my baby a set of crayons and an original Rembrandt! I wouldn't mark up a painting or a statue. Its soul, so to speak, is inseparable from its body. And the beauty of a rare edition or of a richly manufactured volume is like that of painting or a statue. If your respect for magnificent binding or printing gets in the way, buy yourself a cheap edition and pay your respects to the author. Why is marking up a book indispensable to reading? First, it keeps you awake. (And I don't mean merely conscious; I mean wide awake.) In the second place, reading, if it is active, is thinking, and thinking tends to express itself in words, spoken or written. The marked book is usually the thought-through book. Finally, writing helps you remember the thoughts you had,

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