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医学专业英语的重点单词终结版

医学专业英语的重点单词终结版
医学专业英语的重点单词终结版

文档来源为:从网络收集整理.word版本可编辑.欢迎下载支持. 医学专业英语的重点单词终结版

Human Body

1.anatomy(解剖学)

2.embryology(胚胎学)

3.histology(组织学)

4.hematology(血液学)

5.immunology(免疫学)

6.biology(生物学)

7.cytology(细胞学)

8.physiology(生理学)

9.endocrinology(内分泌学)

10.psychology(心理学)

11.skeletal system(骨骼系统)

12.muscular system (肌肉系统)

13.circulatory system (循环系统)

14.respiratory system(呼吸系统)

15.urinary system (泌尿系统)

16. endocrine system(内分泌系统)

17.reproductive system(生殖系统)

18.principal (重要的)

19.joint(关节)

20.cartilage(软骨)

21.bone marrow(骨髓)

22.cube-shaped(立方的)

23.interior(内部的)

24.external (外部的)

25.hinge joint(结合点)

26.pivot joint (区轴点)

27.socket (臼槽)

28.skull (颅骨)

29.elbow (肘部)

30.breast(胸部)31.hip joints (髂关节)

32.cushioning(缓冲)

33.striated muscles(条纹肌)

34.smooth muscles(平滑肌)

35.voluntary muscles(随意肌)

36.function (功能)

37.nourishment(营养)

38.nutrient(营养素)

39.blood vessel(血管)

40.cardiovascular system (心血管系统)

41.artery(动脉)

42.capillary(毛细血管)

43.vein (静脉)

44.lymphatic system(淋巴系统)

45.lymph vessel (淋巴管)

46.lymph nodes(淋巴结)

47.spleen(脾)

48.expel(排除)

49.carbon dioxide(二氧化碳)

50.oxygen (氧气)

https://www.doczj.com/doc/3d2218149.html,rynx,throat(喉管)

52.windpipe、trachea(气管)

53.esophagus(食管)

54.exhale(呼出)

55.molecule(分子)

56.saliva(唾液)

57.enzyme(酶)

58.kidney(肾)

59.urine(尿液)

60.ureter(输尿管)

61.urethra(尿道)

62.bile(胆汁)

63.gallbladder (胆囊)

64.sodium(钠)

65.potassium(钾)

66.bladder(膀胱)

67.pancreas(胰腺)

68.hormone(激素)

69.pituitary(脑垂体)

70.thyroid(甲状腺)

71.adrenal gland (肾上腺)

72.cortisone(可的松)

73.adrenaline(肾上腺素)

74.insulin(胰岛素)

75.glucagon(胰高血糖素)

76.collar bone(锁骨)

77.spinal column(脊柱)

78.spinal cord (脊髓)

79.sperm(精子)

80.ovum (卵子)

81.testis,testes(睾丸)

82.ovary(卵巢)

83.testosterone (睾酮)

84.progesterone(孕酮)

85.estrogen(雌激素)

86.tactile(触觉的)

87.accessory (附属的)

88.pharynx(咽)

Human disease

1.pathology (病理学)

2.pathogen(病原体)

3.fungi(真菌) fungus(s.)

4.bacteria(细菌) bacterium(s.)

5.virus(病毒) viruses(pl.)

6.diagnose(诊断)

7.paralysis(瘫痪, 麻痹)

8.symptom(症状)

9.sign(体征)

10.symptomatic(有症状的)

11.asymptomatic(无症状的)

12.acute disease(急性病)

13.chronic disease(慢性病)

14.subacute disease(亚急性病)

15.fatal(致命的)

16.rheumatic fever(风湿热)

17.subarachnoid(蛛网膜下的)18.epidemic disease(传染病)

19.endemic disease(地方病)

20.airborne droplets(空气传播的)

21.apnea(呼吸暂停)

22.atonia(张力缺乏)

23.degeneration(退化)

24.Stomatitis(口腔炎)

25.prolapse(直肠、子宫等脱垂脱出)

26.malfunction(功能失调)

27.obesity(肥胖)

28.malnutrition(营养不良的)

29.hereditary(遗传)

30.mental retardation(智力发育迟缓的)

31.venereal disease(花柳病)

32.hepatitis(肝炎)

33.colitis(结肠炎)

34.cholera(霍乱)

35.typhoid fever(伤寒)

36.boils(疥)

37.pimples(小脓包)

38.pus(脓)

39.abscess(脓肿)

40.armpit(腋窝)

41.blood poisoning/sepsis(败血症)

42.phagocyte(吞噬细胞)

43.antigen(抗原)

44.antibody(抗体)

45.immunoglobulin(免疫球蛋白)

46.opsonization(调理作用)

https://www.doczj.com/doc/3d2218149.html,plement(补体)

48.negative feedback control(负反

馈调节)

The Digestive System

1.gastrointestinal tract (胃肠道)

2.ingestion(摄入)

3.absorption(吸收)

4.digestive(消化)

5.elimination(排泄)

6.oral cavity/buccal cavity(口腔)

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7.palate(腭)

8.chewing(mastication)(咀嚼)

9.swallowing(deglutition)(吞咽)

10.incisor(切牙)

11.cuspid(尖牙)canine(犬牙)

12.molar(磨牙)

13.cementum(牙骨质)

14..gum(牙龈)

15..gingiva(牙龈)

16.pulp(牙髓)

17.enamel(牙釉质)

18.periodontium(牙周组织)

19.deciduous dentiton(乳牙)

20.permanent dentition (恒牙)

21.lower jaw bone(下颌骨)

22.papillae(乳头)

23.taste bud(味蕾)

24.uvula(悬雍垂)

25.parotid gland(腮腺)

26.submandibular gland(下颌下腺) 27sublingual gland (舌下腺)

28.epiglottis(会厌)

29.nasal cavity(鼻腔)

30.peristalsis(蠕动)

31.fundus(胃底)

32.antrum(胃窦)

33.cardiac sphincter(贲门括约肌)

34.pyloric sphincter(幽门括约肌)

35.chyme(食糜)

36.duodenum(十二指肠)

37.jejunum(空肠)

38.ileum(回肠)

39.cecum(盲肠)

40.rectum(直肠)

41.colon(结肠)

42.sigmoid colon (乙状结肠)

43.ileocecal valve (回盲瓣)

44.ascending colon (升结肠)

45.transverse colon (横结肠)

46.descending colon (降结肠)

47.appendix(阑尾)

48.stool/feces(粪便)

49.anus(肛门)

50. hydrochloric acid (盐酸)

51.abdomen(腹部)

52.cholesterol(胆固醇)

53.bile pigment(胆色素)

54.bilirubin(胆红素)

55.blood protein(血红蛋白)

56.erythrocyte(红细胞)

57.glycogen(糖原)

58.cilia、villi(绒毛)

59.amylase(淀粉酶)

60.lipase(脂肪酶)

61.hepatic duct(肝管)

62.cystic duct(胆囊管)

https://www.doczj.com/doc/3d2218149.html,mon bile duct(胆总管)

64.detoxification(解毒)

65.emulsification (乳化作用)

66.bile acid (胆酸)

The Disorders of the Digestive System

1.gingivitis (牙龈炎)

2.peptic ulcer (消化性溃疡)

3.vomiting(呕吐)

4.perforation(穿孔)

5.barium(钡)

6.hiatal(裂孔的)

7.hernia(疝)

8.endoscopy (内窥镜检查)

9.hemorrhage(出血)

10.histamine (组胺)

11.chest cavity (胸腔)

12.diaphragm(膈)

13.gastritis(胃炎)

14.hepatitis(肝炎)

15.cirrhosis(肝硬化)

16.hepatomegaly(肝肿大)

17.edema(浮肿)

18.jaundice(黄疸) 19.architecture(结构)

20.nodule(结节)

21.micronodular(小结节)

22.macronodular(巨结节)

23.lobular(小叶的)

24.cholelithiasis(胆结石)

25.cholecystitis(胆囊炎)

26.biliary colic(胆绞痛)

27.nausea (恶心)

28.cholecystectomy(胆囊切除术)

https://www.doczj.com/doc/3d2218149.html,paroscope(腹腔镜)

30.pancreatitis(胰腺炎)

31.paralytic ileus(麻痹性肠梗阻)

32.autodigestion(自体消化)

33.necrosis(坏死)

34.epigastric(腹上部的)

35.appendicitis(阑尾炎)

36.navel(脐)

37.peritonitis(腹腔炎)

38.ulcerative colitis(溃烂性结肠炎)

39.antibiotic(抗生素)

40.fistula(瘘)

41.diverticulum(憩室)

42.diverticulitis(憩室炎)

43.diverticulosis(憩室病)

44.polyps(息肉)

45.diarrhea(腹泻)

46.occult blood(隐血)

47.proctoscope(直肠镜)

48.sigmoidoscope(乙状结肠镜)

49.colonoscope(结肠镜)

50.ileostomy(回肠造口术)

51.colostomy(结肠造口术)

52.gastroduodenostomy(胃十二指肠吻

合术)

53.coloproctostomy(结肠直肠吻合术)

Respiratory System

1.pulmonary veins(肺静脉)

2.irritant(刺激物)

3.frontal sinus(额窦)

4.ethmoidal sinus(刷窦)

5.sphenoid sinus(蝶窦)

6.maxillary sinus (上颌窦)

7.paranasal sinus(副鼻窦)

8.nasal cavity(鼻腔)

9.nostril(鼻孔)

10.nasopharynx (鼻咽)

11.oropharynx(口咽)

12.hypopharynx(下咽)

https://www.doczj.com/doc/3d2218149.html,ryngopharynx(喉咽)

14.adenoids(腺体肿大)15.hypopharyngeal(下咽的)

16.pharyngeal tonsils(咽扁桃体)

17. palatine tonsils(腭扁桃体)

18.tongue tonsil(舌扁桃体)

19.vocal cords(声带)

20.mucous membrane(分泌粘液的膜)

21.fibrous connective tissue(纤维结缔组织)

22.bronchi(支气管)

23.Bronchiole(细支气管)

24.alveoli,alveolus(肺泡)

25.epithelium(上皮)

26.parietal pleura(壁层胸膜)

27.visceral pleura(脏层胸膜)

28.horizontal fissure(水平裂)

29.oblique fissure(斜裂)

30.apex(肺尖)

31.hilum(肺门)

32.Collarbone(锁骨)

33.diaphragm(横膈)

34.mediastinum(纵隔)

35.thoracic cavity (胸腔)

36.abdominal cavity(腹腔)

37.inhalation/inspiration(吸气)

38.exhalation/expiration(呼气)

39.brainstem(脑干)

40.phrenic nerve(膈神经)

41.acid(酸)

42.acidity(酸度)

(完整版)医学专业英语翻译及答案

Chapter 1 Passage 1 Human Body In this passage you will learn: 1. Classification of organ systems 2. Structure and function of each organ system 3. Associated medical terms To understand the human body it is necessary to understand how its parts are put together and how they function. The study of the body's structure is called anatomy; the study of the body's function is known as physiology. Other studies of human body include biology, cytology, embryology, histology, endocrinology, hematology, immunology, psychology etc. 了解人体各部分的组成及其功能,对于认识人体是必需的。研究人体结构的科学叫解剖学;研究人体功能的科学叫生理学。其他研究人体的科学包括生物学、细胞学、胚胎学、组织学、内分泌学、血液学、遗传学、免疫学、心理学等等。 Anatomists find it useful to divide the human body into ten systems, that is, the skeletal system, the muscular system, the circulatory system, the respiratory system, the digestive system, the urinary system, the endocrine system, the nervous system, the reproductive system and the skin. The principal parts of each of these systems are described in this article. 解剖学家发现把整个人体分成骨骼、肌肉、循环、呼吸、消化、泌尿、内分泌、神经、生殖系统以及感觉器官的做法是很有帮助的。本文描绘并阐述了各系统的主要部分。 The skeletal system is made of bones, joints between bones, and cartilage. Its function is to provide support and protection for the soft tissues and the organs of the body and to provide points of attachment for the muscles that move the body. There are 206 bones in the human skeleton. They have various shapes - long, short, cube - shaped, flat, and irregular. Many of the long bones have an interior space that is filled with bone marrow, where blood cells are made. 骨骼系统由骨、关节以及软骨组成。它对软组织及人体器官起到支持和保护作用,并牵动骨胳肌,引起各种运动。人体有206根骨头。骨形态不一,有长的、短、立方的、扁的及不规则的。许多长骨里有一个内层间隙,里面充填着骨髓,这即是血细胞的制造场所。 A joint is where bones are joined together. The connection can be so close that no movement is possible, as is the case in the skull. Other kinds of joints permit movement: either back and forth in one plane - as with the hinge joint of the elbow - or movement around a single axis - as with the pivot joint that permits the head to rotate. A wide range of movement is possible when the ball - shaped end of one bone fits into a socket at the end of another bone, as they do in the shoulder and hip joints. 关节把骨与骨连接起来。颅骨不能运动,是由于骨与骨之间的连接太紧密。但其它的关节可允许活动,如一个平面上的前后屈伸运动,如肘关节;或是绕轴心旋转运动,如枢轴点允许头部转动。如果一根骨的球形末端插入另一根骨的臼槽里,大辐度的运动(如肩关节、髋关节)即成为可能。 Cartilage is a more flexible material than bone. It serves as a protective, cushioning layer where bones come together. It also connects the ribs to the breastbone and provides a structural base for the nose and the external ear. An infant's skeleton is made of cartilage that is gradually replaced by bone as the infant grows into an adult. 软骨是一种比一般骨更具韧性的物质。它是骨连结的保护、缓冲层。它把肋骨与胸骨连结起来,也是鼻腔与内耳的结构基础。一个婴儿的骨骼就是由软骨组成,然后不断生长、

医学专业英语单词

Chaper 1 psychoanalysis n. 精神分析brain n. 脑 intestine n.肠inflammation n.炎症endoscope n.内镜pancreas n.胰腺psychology n.心理学electrocardiogram n.心电图enteritis n.肠炎tumor n.肿瘤 muscle n.肌肉organ n.器官 abdomen n.腹(部)organism n.有机体,生物体surgeon n.外科医生surgery n.外科(学)malignant a.恶性的immune n.免疫 tissue n.组织molecule n.分子,微小颗粒urine n.尿液stool n.大便,粪便vertebra n.椎骨formula n.处方 cortex n.皮质,皮层appendix n.阑尾 thorax n.胸larynx n. 喉 pharynx n.咽 Chapter 2 kidney n.肾脏receptor n.感受器,受体chromosome n.染色体embryo n.胚胎 gene n.基因catabolism n.分解代谢

anabolism n.合成代谢infection n.感染puncture n.穿刺fat n.脂肪 spine n.脊柱exocrine a.外分泌的cartilage n.软骨spleen n.脾脏gallbladder n.胆囊digestive system 消化系统urinary a.泌尿的respiratory a.呼吸的uterus n.子宫skull n.头颅,头骨pelvic cavity 盆腔trachea n.气管esophagus n.食管bronchial tube 支气管aorta n.主动脉diaphragm n.横膈膜pleura(复,pleurae)n.胸膜urinary bladder 膀胱rectum n.直肠cartilage n.软骨umbilicus n.脐ovary n.卵巢 inferior a.下面的superior a.上面的skeletal muscle 骨骼肌striated muscle 横纹肌 Chapter 3 capillary n.毛细血管artery n.动脉chamber n.腔,小室atrium n.心房ventricle n.室,脑室,心室valve n.瓣膜 mitral a.僧帽状的,二尖瓣的breastbone n.胸骨

医学英语词汇

第一章医学英语词汇 医学领域涉及的科学和专业广泛,不仅包括基础医学和临床医学的诸多学科,还涉及化学和物理两大基础学科领域,甚至社会科学领域中的诸多学科和专业。因此,医学英语词汇数量庞大,其词汇量高达数十万。同时,由于医学专业的历史渊源,医学英语词汇大多含有希腊语和拉丁语成分,一些医学英语单词显得古怪而陌生,单词结构长而复杂。但就其构词法上基本遵循普通英语单词的构词规律,也往往由前缀、词根、后缀组成,虽然具有其自身的特点,也是可以找到规律的。因此,医学英语词汇构词法,理解与掌握单词尤其是组合词构成的基本知识,牢记必要的基本词素,就能找到掌握医学英语词汇的捷径。 第一节医学英语词汇的结构 一、医学词素 一般认为,词是语言中可独立使用表达意思的最小单位。但是,从结构方面来看时,词并不是最小的语言单位,许多单词可以细分为更小的,同时也是具有意义的单位.这些最小的有意义的单位就是词素。 医学词素(morpheme)是医学语词的组成部分,是医学英语中语音和语义的最小结合体。一个医学语词可以由一个词素构成,也可以由两个或两个以上的词素构成。从语义方面来看,医学词素有两种类型。一种医学词素含有明确的词汇意义,表达单词的主要意义,这类词素称为词根。例如,orth(o)-(正常的)、plasma(血浆)、reticul(o)-(网状)等。其中,plasma可以单独使用,这类词根称为自由词根。另外两个不能单独使用,是黏着词根,这类词根必须与其他词素结合使用。还有一类医学词素是词缀。词缀也有两种,一种屈折词缀只有语法意义而没有词汇的意义(如表示名词复数-s);另一咱派生词缀有一定的词汇意义,但只表达单词的次要意义。 二、医学词根 医学词根(root)是医学语词的基本形式,承载着医学语词的核心意义。一般认为,词根是同根词共有的、可以辨认的部分,也就是说,词根可以在不同的单词里出现,但它的基本形式和含义相同。例如,erythroblast(成红细胞)、erythrocatalysis(红细胞溶解)、erythroclasis(红细胞破碎)和erythrocytopenia(红细胞减少)都有一个共同的词根“erythr(o)-”(红的)。这一词根在不同的语词里出现,但形式没有什么变化,含义也相同。

医学英语词根前缀

----------------------- Page 1----------------------- a 前缀无 ab 前缀从...离开acantho 词根棘,刺acetabulo 词根髋臼 acouo 词根听觉 acro 词根顶,肢 acromio 词根肩峰 ad 前缀向...靠近,到...上adeno 词根腺 adipo 词根脂肪的 adreno 词根肾上腺 aero 词根气 agglutino 词根凝集 agra 后缀严重的疼痛 albo 前缀白 algesi 词根痛觉的感受 algia 后缀痛 alveolo 词根肺泡 alveolo 词根牙槽 amnio 词根羊膜 amphi 前缀两侧

ampullo 词根壶腹 amylo 词根淀粉 an 前缀无 ana 前缀向上,重回到andro 词根雄aneurysmo 词根异常扩大angino 词根阻塞 ankylo 词根弯曲 ano 词根肛门 ante 前缀在前 anti 前缀抗 aorto 词根主动脉 apico 词根顶 apo 前缀离去,从appendico 词根阑尾appendo 词根阑尾 aquo 词根水 arterio 词根动脉 arteriolo 词根小动脉 arthro 词根关节 articulo 词根关节 ase 后缀酶

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