1.几乎：approximately= nearly= almost=about=around
比例：proportion= percentage= percent=rate=ratio
开采完，耗尽：deplete= exhaust= exploit= run out of
错综复杂的：complex= complicated= sophisticated= intricate
2.
significant=enormous=dramatic=tremendous=remarkable=crucial=substantial=apprec iably
巨大的，明显的
一成不变的：rigid=stiff=unchanged=invariable
交换，转换：exchange=swap=alter=shift…from…
3.致命的：deadly= fatal= lethal= mortal
兴旺，繁荣：prosperous= thriving= booming= flourishing
环境：circumstance= surroundings= environment= background
隔绝，孤立：isolate= alienate= insulate
替代物：substitution= alternative
创新的：inventive= creative= ingenious= revolutionary
4.模棱两可的：ambiguous= obscure= vague
缺乏的，短缺的：inadequate= deficient= be lack of= be shortage of
对...怀疑：skeptical= dubious= suspicious
矛盾的：contradictory= opposing= conflicting= incongruous
加速：accelerate= speed up= hasten= step up
5.次要的：peripheral= marginal= fringe= insignificant
提高效率/生产率：create/ gain efficiently= increase productivity
贫穷的，落后的：in poverty= impoverished
与...有关连：associate with= link to= relate to= combine with
加强：improve= enhance= promote= boost= strengthen
中立的：neutral
否定的，消极的：negative
积极的，肯定的：positive
6.缺点，缺陷：drawback= fault= defect= imperfection= flaw= shortcoming= weakness 令人困惑的：bewildering= puzzling= perplexing= confusing= baffling
残疾的：handicap= disabled
不令人满意的：unsatisfactory= hardly be looked upon
标准：caliber= criterion= standard= specification
7.相似的：be alike/ be similar to= be resemble in= be identical to
障碍：barrier= hurdle= obstacle
解决问题：address= solve= resolve= cope with= deal with= tackle the problem
强调，重视：emphasize= stress= highlight= focus on= concentrate on= pay attention
to
显而易见地：apparently= patently= obviously= evidently= clearly
8.岩浆：molten rock= lava= magma
恶化：degenerate= degrade= deteriorate
下定决心：make up one’s mind= be determined to do
证明：indicate= demonstrate= display= exhibit= illustrate
考虑到：in terms of= concerning= considering= with regard to
下降的趋势：reduced= declined= downward trend
9.学院的，学术的：academic= scholastic= scholarly= literary
陪伴，陪同：accompany= escort= convoy= go with= follow
适应，适合：adapt= adjust= fit= suit
影响：affect= influence= impress= move= touch
代理人：agent= representative= deputy
10.改变，改动：alter= change= modify= convert= shift
预期，期望：anticipate= expect= foresee= forecast= predict
适当的，恰当的：appropriate= proper= fit= suitable= relevant
出现，升起：arise= rise= ascend= emerge= appear
安排，整理，布置：arrange= prepare= plan= organize= array= order 11.人造的，人工的：artificial= man-made= fake= synthetic= unreal
估计，评定：assess= estimate= evaluate= weigh
分配，指派：assign= appoint= distribute= allot= allocate
帮助，促进：assist= help= aid
使发生联系：associate= ally= unite= combine= join= connect
12.权利，权威：authority= government= power= might
可用的，可得到的：available= profitable= serviceable= useful
奖品，授予：award= prize= grant= bestow= confer
树枝，分支，分科：branch= limb= stick= section= department= division 品种：breed= kind= type= species
招致，引起：breed= bear= produce= cause= lead to
生育，繁殖，饲养，培养：breed= raise= rear= educate= instruct
13.预算：budget= estimate= governmental
恐吓：bully= browbeat= hector= overbear
爆炸：burst= explode= blow up= break= crack
运动，战役：campaign= drive= movement
容量，体积：capacity= volume= magnitude
才能，能力：capacity= power= ability= talent= aptitude= competence 投，掷，扔：cast= fling= throw= hurl
铸件：cast= mould= form
14.偶然的，碰巧的，临时的：casual= occasional= accidental= incident= random= temporary
仁慈：charity= kindness= benevolence= humanity
慢性的，长期的：chronic= persistent
环境，条件：circumstance= conditions= surroundings= environment= situation
同事：colleague= partner= associate= fellow
组成，部件：component= element= constituent= ingredient
15.复合物，化合物：compound= mixture= combination= synthesis
核心，要点：core= key= center= heart= focus= kernel
不管，尽管：despite= in spite of
轻蔑，鄙视：despite= hatred= dislike= scorn
纪律：discipline= rule= regulation= drill= punishment
消灭，除去：eliminate= remove= exclude= wipe out= discharge
危及，使陷入危险：endanger= harm= menace= hurt
提高，加强：enhance= intensify= strengthen= heighten
16.事业，公司：enterprise= adventure= venture= ambition= company= firm= business 终于，最后：eventually= at last= finally= ultimately= in the end
超过，超越：exceed= surpass= excel= overtake
使变大，扩大，扩张：expand= enlarge= extend= amplify= increase= stretch= spread= unfold
暴露，显露，揭露：expose= disclose= confront= reveal= uncover
延长，延伸，扩展：extend= stretch= lengthen= prolong
外面的，外部的，表面的：external= exterior= outer= outside
17.最新：
能力，才能：faculty= ability= aptitude= capability= talent
搜查，查找：forage= grope= search= rummage
易碎的，脆的：fragile= crisp= brittle= delicate= weak= breakable
货物，货运：freight= cargo= load= shipment
基本的，重要的：fundamental= primary= basic= essential= principal= original
产生，引起，导致：generate= produce= lead to= result in
巨大的：giant= huge= enormous= tremendous= colossal= gigantic
18.准许，答应给予：grant= present= give= allow
总的：gross= total= whole= entire= all
保证：guarantee= promise= assurance= ensure= assure
不顾，忽视：ignore= overlook= neglect= disregard
强迫，强加：impose= force= burden
刺激，激励：incentive= motive= spur= stimulus
19.建立，着手：institute= establish= set up= found= organize
协会，学院：institute= association= society= college
发动，发射：launch= emit= send= initiate= develop
保持，继续：maintain= continue= keep= preserve= retain
支持，主张：maintain= assert= insist= support
（总称）人员，员工：personnel= staff= crew= employees
假定，前提：premise= assumption= supposition
20.被捕食的动物：prey= victim
财产，资产：property= belongings= possession= asset
性质，特性：property= feature= quality
表现，描绘，代表，象征：represent= stand for= illustrate= portray= describe
竞争对手：rival= enemy= competitor= opponent= challenger
路途，路线：route= way= road= path= course
国王的，庄严的，高贵的：royal= imperial= princely= kingly= stately= splendid 21.计划表，日程表：schedule= timetable= agenda= plan
将（飞机，火车等）列入时刻表：schedule= book= arrange= program
计划，方案：scheme= plan= design= program= project
研讨班，研讨小组：seminar= meeting= discussion= conference= convention
物种，种类：species= breed= category= variety= sort= kind= type
标本，样本：specimen= sample
（植物的）茎，（树木的）干：stem= stalk= trunk
堵住（液体），止住：stem= stop= restrain
22.增补，补充：supplement= addition= complement
天赋，才能：talent= ability= faculty= gift= genius= aptitude
暂时的，临时的：temporal= transient= short= brief= momentary= temporary
极好的，极大的：tremendous= immense= huge= enormous= vast= excellent= wonderful= splendid
加快，加速，促进：accelerate= quicken= expedite= promote= stimulate
达成（目标），完成：accomplish= finish= complete= attain= fulfill
(使)弯曲，拐弯处：bend= bow= curve= twist
卓越的，光辉灿烂的：brilliant= splendid= outstanding= excellent= prominent= glorious= bright= shining= radiant
23.秘密的，机密的：confidential= secret= private
表示信任的：confidential= trustful= intimate
争执，冲突：conflict= struggle= clash= discord
剥夺，使丧失：deprive= bereave= rob= strip= dispossess
捐赠，馈赠：donate= bestow= present= contribute= gift
草稿，草案：draft= sketch= drawing= outline
欠缺，缺点：drawback= shortcoming= defect
24.功绩，技艺：feat= achievement
小说：fiction= novel= story=tale
促进，助长，培养：foster= promote= advance= stimulate= cultivate
养育，照顾：foster= nourish= raise= bring up= nurse
不合法的，非法的：illegal= unlawful= lawless= illicit
说明，阐明：illustration= explanation= interpretation
例证，插图：illustration= example= case= chart= map= diagram= graph
25.内部的，内地的：interior= inner= inside= inland= internal= domestic
标准，规范：norm= criterion= standard= code= specification
许可，准许，允许，同意：permission= admission= certification= authorization= agree 磨光，擦亮：polish= brighten= refine
继续前进，继续进行：proceed= continue= advance
延长（时间），使延伸：prolong= lengthen= extend
26.薪水，收入：salary= wage= pay= earnings= income
屏幕，屏风：screen= cover
部门：sector= region= department
安全的，受保护的：secure= safe= sound
连续，顺序：sequence= series= succession= procession
浅的，肤浅的：shallow= superficial
使粉碎：shatter= crash= smash= mince
草图，速写：sketch= drawing= draft= outline
27.高涨，猛涨：soar= mount= rise= increase= skyrocket
复杂的，精密的：sophisticated= complex= complicated= worldly
节省，抽出时间：spare= save= set aside= put apart
多余的，空闲的：spare= extra= surplus= additional
拉力，张力，拉紧，绷紧：strain= tension= stretch
用线串起来：string= chain= rope= queue
屈从：submit= comply= surrender= yield
后来的：subsequent= later= successive= succeeding
最新:
28.领土，版图，范围：territory= area= land= scope= field= range= dimension
擦去：wipe= rub= clean= wash= dry
消灭：wipe= eradicate
小册子，介绍手册：brochure= booklet= pamphlet= leaflet
雕刻：carve= engrave= grave
引用，引证：cite= quote= instance
宣言，声明：declaration= announcement= publication= proclamation= statement= affirmation
装饰，装潢：decorate= adorn= beautify= ornament= trim
29.
指出，指明：designate= show= denominate= indicate= specify
目标，终点：destination= goal= objective= aim= target
丢弃，遗弃：discard= reject= abandon= desert= give up= get rid of 不同的，独特的：distinct= different= dissimilar
清楚的，明显的：distinct= definite= obvious= evident= apparent
30.
遭遇，遇到，遇见：encounter= meet= confront= run into
远征，探险，考察：expedition= excursion= march= voyage
奇怪的，怪诞的：fantastic= strange= odd= grotesque
疲劳，劳累：fatigue= weariness= tiredness= weary= tire= exhaust 结冰，凝固，冰冻：freeze= chill= congeal= halt
31.
小屋：hut= cottage= cabin
概念，观念，想法：notion= concept= idea= opinion
操作的，运行的：operational= functioning
相反，相对，反对：opposition= objection= disapproval
花费，开支，费用：outlay= expense
包裹：package= parcel= luggage= bag
32.
有生产能力的，多产的：productive= fertile= fruitful= plentiful
前途，希望：prospect= expectation= foresight
漫步，漫游，随便走：roam= wander= stroll
航行：sail= cruise= journey= navigate
纯粹的：sheer= pure= entire
陡峭的，险峻的：sheer= steep
寂静的，无声的：silent= soundless= still= placid= tranquil
足球：soccer= football
33.
指明，表明：specify= articulate= clarify
裂开，分开：split= bisect= cleave= crack= hack= separate
喷雾，水花：spray= shower= splash
使挨饿：starve= hunger= famish= thirst
猛冲，激增：surge= wave= billow= gush
支撑，维持：sustain= bear= maintain= support
对付，处理：tackle= undertake= deal with= cope with= handle
轻拍：tap= knock= pat= touch= strike
含蓄的，潜在的：underlying= implicit= latent= implied (imply)
附近，邻近：vicinity= neighborhood= nearness(near+ness)
滥用：abuse= misuse= misemploy= misapply
辱骂，咒骂：abuse= slander= defame= insult
虐待：abuse= mistreat
承认：admit= allow= acknowledge= concede
提倡，拥护：advocate= support= propose= uphold= plead for
35.
侵犯，侵略：aggression= attack= invasion= assault= offence
疾病：ailment= disease= illness
闹钟，警报：alarm= terror= fright= intimidation
使惊恐，使担心：alarm= terrify= frighten= intimidate= scare= startle
充分的，充裕的：ample= enough= plentiful= abundant
宽阔的，广大的：ample= spacious= extensive
36.
焦虑，担心：anxiety= worry= concern= care
渴望，热望：anxiety= desire= eagerness= longing
禁止，禁令，取缔：ban= prohibit= forbid= bar
增强，提高，促进，激励：boost= promotion= increase= raise= advance
刹车，制动：brake= check= halt= stop
谨慎的，小心的：cautious= careful= wary= discreet= prudent
混乱：chaos= disorder= confusion= anarchy
37
追逐，追赶：chase= track= follow= trail= pursue
包括，包含：comprise= include= enclose= embrace
由...组成，构成：comprise= be composed of= be made up of= consist of= make up= form= compose
习俗，惯例：convention= custom= tradition= practice
公约，契约：convention= agreement= contract= pact= treaty
会议：convention= meeting= conference= congress
38
潮湿的：damp= humid= moist= watery= wet
分离：divorce= divide= part= separate
操练，训练：drill= discipline= exercise= instruct= practice
使成为必要，需要：entail= necessitate
装备，配备：equip= furnish= provide= supply
外来的，奇异的：exotic= strange= alien= foreign= unusual
经费，支出：expenditure= expense= cost= consumption
虚弱的，衰弱的：faint= weak= infirm
微弱的，不明显的，微少的，渺茫的：faint= dim= feeble= minute
繁荣，活跃而有影响力：flourish= thrive= prosper= succeed= bloom
欺骗，假货：fraud=deceit= cheat= trick= deception
光荣，荣誉：glory= honor= fame= reputation= distinction
40
各种各样的：a vast array of= a great variety of= a great range of
阻止......：impede= keep...from...= prevent...from= stop...from...= inhibit
导致：result in= lead to= cause= bring about= induce
包括：include= embrace= cover= involve= constitute= consist of
限制：constrain= restrict= limit= confine
41.
减少，消除：reduce= decline= cut= lessen= diminish= eliminate
预期：predict= expect= anticipate
归结为......:conclude= make/ reach a conclusion= put down to= prove that= attribute to= turn out to
有毒的：poisonous= toxic
表现：manifestation= performance= demonstration
追溯到，起源于：stem from= derive from= date from= trace back to
42
天资：gift= talent= aptitude= natural gift= genius
适应：adapt to= adjust to= acclimatize oneself to= answer to= accommodate= be settled in= meet the needs= in response to
优点，长处：advantage= merit= virtue= length= excellence
放弃，抛弃：throw away= scrap= discard= cast aside= desert= abandon= give up= be dispensed with
43
灾难：catastrophe= disaster= adversity
沉积物：sediment= deposit
弄脏，污染：contaminate= pollute
解释，解码：decipher= decode
开始：begin= launch= initiate( initiative)
与......比较：compare with= in comparison with
权利机关：government official= authorities
意识：sensibility= sense= awareness= consciousness
不期而遇：run into= bump into= come across= knock up with
满足需要：cater to=satisfy= meet the need
44
超过：in excess of= in advance of= overrun= override= outstrip get ahead of= surpass= exceed
合作：cooperation= collaboration
授权，委托：authorize= commission= entitle
理解力：notion= reach perception= comprehension= intelligence= understanding
犯罪：commit a crime= perpetrate a crime= offend against
罪犯：criminal= offense=commitment
交易，贸易：trade= business= commerce= transaction= dealing
当前的：current= contemporary= nowadays= present
45
毁坏：demolish= knock down= dismantle= ruin
消除：get rid of= eradicate= eliminate= remove= smooth away
依赖：rely on= depend on= count on
给予：give= offer= render= impart= provide
培养，发展：develop= cultivate= foster= nurture= foster= nurse= educate= train
关键的：key= crucial= critical= vital= substantial
保护（资源）：protect= conserve= preserve
转变：change= alter= modify= convert into= transform= turn
声称：assert= declare= claim
46
评价：appraise= assess= evaluate
确保：assure= endure= guarantee= pledge
丰富的：abundant= ample= profuse
有害的：evil= harmful= detrimental
有益的：useful= helpful= beneficial= profitable= rewarding= advantageous= wholesome
影响：influence= impact= effect
增长至：grow to= rise to= increase to= go up to= climb to= ascend to= jump to= shoot to
降低至：dip to= fall to= decline to= decrease to= drop to= go down to= reduce to= slump to= descend to= sink to= slide to
47
保持稳定：level out= do not change= remain stable= remain still= remain steady= be stable= maintain the same level= remain unchanged= be still= remain the same level= stay constant= keep at the same level= level off= stabilize= keep its stability= even out
急剧地：dramatically= drastically= sharply= hugely= enormously= steeply= substantially= considerably= significantly= markedly= surprisingly= strikingly= radically= remarkably= vastly= noticeably
48
平稳地：steadily= smoothly= slightly= slowly= marginally= gradually= moderately= mildly
占.....百分比：account for= occupy= represent= comprise= take up= constitute= consist of= make up= compose
波动：fluctuate= go ups and downs= display/ demonstrate a fluctuation
49
危险：hazard= danger= harm= risk
巨大的，广大的：immense= vast= enormous= giant= tremendous= monstrous
插入，嵌入：insert= inject= interpose= intrude
不规则的，无规律的：irregular= uneven= disorderly= unnatural
障碍：obstruct= hinder= hamper= block
部分的，不完全的：partial= component= constituent
50
偏心的，偏向的：partial= biased= prejudiced= unjust= unfair
养老金，退休金，抚恤金：pension= payment= allowance= subsidy
开端的，预备性的，初步的：preliminary= preparatory= introductory
第一的，首位的：premier= prime= primal
原型，雏形：prototype= model
51
临时的，暂时性的：provisional= transient= temporary
追赶，追逐：pursue= follow= seek= chase= track
难题，谜：puzzle= confuse= bewilder
击退，抵制，使厌恶，使反感：repel= repulse= reject= resist
初步的，基本的：rudimentary= elementary
52
理由，缘故：sake= reason= cause
散播：scatter= disperse= spread
范围：scope= room= space= range= extent
碎片，残余物：scrap= particle= shred= snatch
降雨，降雪：shower= rain= thundershower
范围，领域：scope= sphere= field= area
快速旋转：spin= circle= reel= rotate= swirl
堆放：stack= pile= heap= mass
53
伸展，延伸，延续：stretch= expand= extend= prolong= spread
材料，东西：stuff= object= substance
填满，塞满：stuff= cram= jam= fill= load
极好的，超级的：superb= first-class= excellent= marvelous= terrific
摇摆，摇动：sway= move= swing
药片：tablet= medicine= pill= drug
吸引，引诱：tempt= allure= decoy= seduce
54
交易，业务，买卖：transaction= deal= business= purchase
短暂的，临时的：transient= temporary= momentary
最后的，最终的：ultimate= final= last= conclusive= eventual
基本的，首要的：ultimate= elementary= capital= chief
织，编，结（网等）：weave= spin= fabricate
钦佩，羡慕：admire= adore= esteem= appreciate= revere
55
事件，事态：affair= incident= event= matter= business
议程表：agenda= timetable= schedule
使确信，使放心：assure= convince= make sure
保证，担保：assure= pledge= promise= guarantee= warrant
可信的，可靠的：authentic= credible= believable= reliable= true= real
令人敬畏的：awesome= awe-inspiring
乞求，恳求：beg= plead= implore
56
为了.....的利益，代表：behalf= benefit= interest= advantage
腰带，皮带：belt= band= strip= bar
地区，区域：belt= zone= area= region= district
开花：blossom= bloom
繁荣，兴隆起来：boom= prosper= thrive= flourish
联合，结合：bond= link= connection= attachment= union
合同，契约：bond= contact
57
计算，核算，估计，推测：calculation= computation= count= estimation= assessment 计划，打算：calculation= intention= plan= plot
删除，划掉：delete= leave out= cut out= cross out
谴责，痛斥：denounce= blame= censure= condemn= reproach
告发：denounce= charge= accuse= prosecute= indict
争论，争吵：dispute= argue= contest= debate= quarrel= argument= contest= disagreement
打扰，扰乱：disturbance= interruption= distraction= agitation= uproar= riot= confusion= annoyance= upset
58
纪元，时代，年代：era= age= epoch= times
逐步升级，越发严重：escalate= increase= intensify
尊重，珍重：esteem= respect= value= appreciate= reverence
郊游，远足，短途旅行：excursion= trip= outing= journey
名声，名望：fame= reputation= credit= honor= distinction= glory
衰弱的，无力的：feeble= weak= infirm= faint
伙伴，同伴：fellow= guy= person= comrade= companion= colleague= associate 59
逃走，逃离：flee= escape= run away= disappear= vanish= fly
边界，国境，边疆：frontier= boundary= border
停止，止步：halt= stop= cease
暗示，线索：hint= implication= indication= suggestion= sign= clue
潮湿的：humid= damp= wet= moist
不恰当的：inappropriate= unsuitable= unfit
看不见的，无形的，隐匿的：invisible= disguised= hidden
易于...的，有...倾向的，习惯...的：liable= apt= prone= likely= incline
60
丢弃，放弃：abandon= desert= leave= discard= give up
缩短，压紧，压缩：abbreviate= compress=
坚持：adhere to= stick to= insist on= persist in
能力，天赋，才能：ability= capacity= capability= genius= talent= faculty= gift 有能力的：able= capable
废除，取消：abolish= cancel= delete= eliminate= terminate= do away with
61
吸引，迷人：fascinate= attract= tempt/ appeal to
愚蠢的，荒谬的：absurd= foolish= ridiculous
丰富的，大量的：abundant= plentiful= rich= adequate= enough= sufficient
事件：incident= event= occurrence
欢呼：acclaim= applaud= cheer= clap
62
跟随：follow= track= accompany
完成：accomplish= achieve= finish= complete= fulfill
精通的，熟练的：proficient= expert
因此：accordingly= consequently= hence= so= therefore= thus
解释，考虑：account for= take into account
积累，收集：accumulate= assemble= collect= gather
63
准确的，正确的：accurate= exact= precise= correct
使适应，使习惯：accustom= adapt
调整，改变：adjust= change= transform= alter= shift= switch= modify
承认：acknowledge= admit= confess
合并，结合：consolidation= merger= combination= integration 获得：obtain= gain= attain
64
混乱，迷惑：muddle= confuse= bewilder
必要性，必需品：necessity= obligation= essential= requirement 养育，怀有（希望等）nourish= nurture= feed= support= nurse 被迫的，迫使的：obliged= forced= compelled
觉得做某事物，选择：opt= choose= select= pick
观点，态度，前景：outlook= viewpoint= perspective
65
开端，开始：outset= beginning= start= initiation= opening
外面的，向外的：outward= outside= external
追上，超越：overtake= surpass
穿过，穿透：penetrate= pierce= soak
使永久，永存或持续：perpetuate= preserve
延期，推迟：postpone= delay= put off
66
前辈：predecessor= ancestor= forefather
保护，维护，保存：preservation= conservation= maintenance 主要地，首要地：principally= primarily= mainly
深切的，深远的：profound= complete= deep= thorough
很可能做某事，有做某事的倾向：prone= liable= apt= inclined
67
繁衍，繁殖，传播：propagate= breed= generate= spread
成功的，兴旺的，繁荣的：prosperous= flourishing= thriving 批准，认可：sanction= license= approve= authorize= certificate 浏览报纸等：scan= scrutinize
惊恐，害怕：scare= frighten= terrify= alarm= shock= panic
68
走遍（某地）scour= circle= reel= rotate= swirl
尖声大叫：scream= shout= cry= yell
隐藏，藏匿：secrete= discharge= excrete= conceal= exude
部分，片，块：segment= section= part= division= portion
挑选的：selective= alternative= elective
69
严厉，艰苦：severity= gravity= fury
防护物：shield= harbor= protection= screen= defense= retreat= shelter
保护，庇护：shield= protect= hide= guard= defend
同时发生或做出的：simultaneous= concurrent= coincident
修长的，苗条的：slender= slim= thin= lean
倾斜，斜坡：slope= decline= inclination= slant= hillside
70
唯一的，仅有的：sole= lone= only= solitary= unique
律师：solicitor= lawyer
宽敞的：spacious= extensive= broad= wide
领域，范围：spectrum= scope= range
伸展，散乱的延伸：sprawl= strew= scatter= sprinkle
使…稳定，使…不变：stabilise= fix= balance
71
令人吃惊的：startling= alarming= astounding= surprising
静止的，不动的：stationary= static= immobile= motionless= vegetable
驾驶，操纵：steer= control= guide= pilot= direct= operate
显著的，惊人的，引人注目的：striking= attractive= fabulous= glaring= remarkable 漂亮的，时髦的：stylish= chic= dashing= fashionable= modish= voguish
72
取代，超过，接替：supersede= displace= replace= supplant
监视，盯梢：surveillance= scrutiny
出汗，流汗：sweat= perspiration
投掷，扔，抛：toss= hurl= throw= fling= pitch= cast
悲惨的，悲剧性的：tragic= deadly= fatal= disastrous= sad
73
转变，变迁：transition= change= conversion= shifting
收回，撤退：withdraw= remove= recall= take back= retreat= depart= retire
使突出，强调：accentuate= emphasize= stress
令人愉快的，惬意的：agreeable= attractive= enjoyable= pleasing
困难的，艰巨的：arduous= difficult= hard
74
阻碍，妨碍：baulk= hesitate
交易，合同：bargain= trade= business= transaction= contract= deal
古怪的，奇怪的：bizarre= strange= odd= eccentric= grotesque
勇敢的，大胆的：bold= fearless= dauntless= gallant= audacious
陶瓷的：ceramic= chinaware= pottery= porcelain
75
证明，证实：certify= testify= verify
跟…战斗，反对，战斗：combat= battle= struggle= conflict= fight= contest
相容的，兼容的：compatible= agreeable= consistent
谴责，指责：condemn= blame= reprove= censure
判刑，宣判：condemn= sentence= convict
76
显著的，引人注目的：conspicuous= well-marked= obvious= visible
缺乏，不足：dearth= lack= deficiency
推迟，延期：defer= postpone
应得，值得：deserve= earn= merit
窘境，困境：dilemma= difficulty= plight= problem
77
反对：disapprove= disfavor= oppose
灾难，灾祸：disaster= misfortune= catastrophe= mishap= tragedy
泄露，公开：disclose= unfold= unveil= reveal= discover= expose
假装，伪装：disguise= mask= guise= feign= camouflage= conceal= hide= cover 78
不喜欢，厌恶：distaste= disfavor
双的，加倍的：dual= double= two-fold
核心动词： 1.想，认为 think,hold,argue,concede,assert,deem,consider,believe, maitain, 2深思熟虑，仔细考虑 ponder,deliberate,meditate,comteplate,reflect 3.培养 cultivate,foster,nurture,nourish 4.加强，巩固 strengthen,sonsolidate,reinforce, 5.显示，表明 manifest, display,show,reveal,present,suggest,demonstrate,indicat e,illustrate,reflect 6.确认，证实 verify, confirm, establish,affirm 7.断言，宣称 declare,claim,allege,assert,state 8.支持，维护,拥护 support,maitain,uphold,approve,advocate,champion 9.反对 oppose,be against,disagree,disapprove,object to
10.解决(问题，麻烦) solve,tackle,combat,address,resovle,cope with,settle 11.导致，引发，引起 give rise to,trigger,spark,lead to,bring about,result in, 12.建议，提议 suggest,recommend,urge,propose,advise,put forward, 13.阻止，阻碍,限制 prevcnt, deter,jeopardize,restrain，confine (to),restrict,refrain,limit 14.影响 have effect on, affect,influence,have an impact on,sway 15.增长，发展，提高 increase,rise,develop,enhance,improve,advance,upgrade,r aise,facilitate,boost,promote 16.下降，减少 decrease,decline,fall,drop,slump 17.实现，完成 fulfil,realize,achieve,accomplish,attain 18.提供，给予 supply,provide,perform…for,offer,yield
名师：雅思阅读同义词替换（一） 1. important =crucial (extremelyimportant),significant(amount or effect large enough to be important) https://www.doczj.com/doc/314463603.html,mon=universal, ubiquitous(if something is ubiquitous, it seems to be everywhere) 3.abundant=ample(enough and usually extra), plentiful(enough for people's needs and wants) 4.stick=adhere, cling(hold on something tightly) 5.neglect=ignore.(difference: neglect means someone has not paid enough attention to something; ignore means no attention.) 6.near=adjacent(twothings next to each other), adjoin(the same as adjacent) 7.pursue=woo(man woos woman, old-fashioned), seek(if you seek sth, you try to obtain it. FORMAL) 8.accurate=precise(precise is exact and accurate in all details), exact(correct in every detail) 9.vague=obscure(unknown or known by only a few people) 10.top=peak, summit https://www.doczj.com/doc/314463603.html,petitor=rival, opponent(especially in sports and politics) 12.blame=condemn(if you condemn something, you say it is very bad and unacceptable) 13.opinon=perspective, standpoint(means looking at an event or situation in a particular way)
雅思写作常用同义词替换100个 1. people=individuals 人们(Those who) 2. many people=a majority of people = most of people大多数人 3. a lot of=a great deal of=plenty of 很多（修饰不可数名词） 4. a great number of=a large amount/quantity of=considerable amount of= a large variety of很多（可数名词） 5. plentiful=abundant 丰富的，大量的 6. expensive=pricy 贵的 7. thing=item=goods 东西，物品 8. humans=human beings=human race=mankind 人类 9. benefit=conduce to=help=contribute to=aid to 有助于（动词） 10. harm=damage=endanger=undermine 危害（动词）
11. beneficial=helpful=conducive(rewarding)=do good to/be good for 有好处的（形容词） 12. harmful=detrimental=damaging有害的（形容词） 13. education=schooling 教育 14. think=believe=hold=maintain=consider=take for=agree认为 15. oppose=object to=be against=disagree 反对 16. support=be in favor of=be for 支持 17. as for me=as far as I am concerned=in the eyes of 对我来说 18. in my opinion=from my perspective=in my viewpoint=in my point o f view=personally 我的观点是 19. as …develop(s)=with the development of...=with the progress of…=as…ad vances随着…的发展（注意什么时候用动词，什么时候用名词） 20. quickly=rapidly=at an amazing rate=at an staggering rate 很快（副
阅读词汇 考频考查的单词正确的选项词性中文含义abundant plentiful a. 大量的accelerate increase v. 加速；加大 accessible available a. 可用的 2 accordingly for that reason ； ad. 因此consequently 2 account ( for )explain v. 解释；说明 accumulate collect v. 积累；积聚 a couple of years two years 两年 adequate sufficient a. 充足的 adhere stick v. 黏附；胶着adjunct addition n. 附加物administered managed v. 管理adorn decorate v. 装饰advent arrival n. 出现、到达adversely negatively ad. 不利地；有害地 advocate proponent n. 倡导者；辩护者aesthetically artistically ad. 审美地；美学地affront insult v 侮辱轻蔑 aid help v. 帮助 alert wary a. 机敏的 allay reduce v. 减少 alter change v. 改变；调整alternative option n. 替代；替代物altogether completely ad. 完全地ancillary secondary a. 附属的；辅助的annihilate conquer v. 消灭；征服antagonist enemy n. 对手；敌人 antecedent predecessor n. AH MM 先辈 anticipate look forward to v. 期待；盼望apace with as fast as 快速的appealing attractive a. 吸引人的apply used for v. 应用；适用appreciated recognized(-tion) v.(-n) 赏识
雅思阅读同义替换整理 adequate inadequate sufficient deficient=insufficient 充足的ample 反不充足的scarce / rare (Enough) plenty of (Not enough) shortage abundant lacking / lack raise rise increase grow 上升soar/surge ascend accelerate=speed up boost / promote / enhance v. 促进 prosper / thrive / flourish v. 繁荣 beneficial/ profitable / rewarding/ successful a. 有利的, 成功的 advantage/ virtue/ merit/ benefit/ strength/ positive side n. 优点，好处 fall / drop / plunge/ slump decrease / decline / descend 下降 degrade / degenerate/ deteriorate v. 恶化, 退化 devastate / destroy/ demolish v. 破坏 reduce / reduction lessen / minimize 下降relieve / alleviate v. 减轻 vanish / disappear/fade v. 消失 depression/ recession n. 衰退 harmful/ devastating/ detrimental a. 有害的 poisonous / toxic / noxious a. 有毒的 disadvantage/failing/ defect/ drawback/ fault/ weakness/negative side n. 缺点，不利 obstacle/ barrier/ hurdle / hinder / obtrude 阻碍 sharply 副词swiftly slowly rapidly gradually 快速地quickly 缓慢地steadily rapidly instantly slowly by degree immediately step by step promptly
雅思写作常用近义同义词替换表 1. A band of= a herd of=a flock of 一群 2. A range of=an array of= a list of= a collection of=a series of= a set of 一系列 3.Accelerate=speed up 加速 4.Accomplishment=achievement 成就，完成 Accomplish=achieve （V） 完成，达成，成就 5.Attend=participate in 参加 6.Achieve=obtain=gain=access to sth 得到、获得 7.Adapt to=integrate into使适应、融为一体 8.Aim(.n)=objective=goal 目的 9.Aim at=focus on=concentrate on=emphasize on集中、强调 10.Attempt to do=try to do=intend to do尝试作，想要作 11.Approximately=roughly=about=some=around大约 12.Appreciation=interest 欣赏 13.As a result=consequently=as a consequence=hence因此、从而 14.As well as=and和As well=too 也
15.Associate with=connect with=link with=relate to=involve in 与……相关联 16.Attach to=connect to=link to=serve与……相连接、附着在……上 17.At will=at random＝by chance=by accident=accidentally 随意地 18.Automatically ensure=guarantee 确保 19.Be similar to=closely resembled =have something in common 相似 20.Be used to=be devoted to 专门用于 21.Be equivalent to=be equal to 等同于 22.Be taken aback=be surprised 吃惊 23.Briskly =rapidly=swiftly 快速地 24.Calculate=measure 衡量 25.Catch up with=keep pace with 跟上步伐 26.Chief=major=dominant=principle主要的 27.Chronic=long term 慢性病的 https://www.doczj.com/doc/314463603.html,plain=illness病症 29.Concern n. =focus 关心的问题 30.Concern v. =about 与……有关
雅思阅读同义词替换合集 1. successfully=spectacularly well=wonderfully 成功地adv. 2. people power=local pressure groups 群众力量n. 3. commute=travel 通勤 v. 4. higher=increasing=more 更高的 adj. 5. income=wealth=salary=wage=payment 收入n. 6. beneficial=valuable=profitable=good 有益的 adj. 7. together=face to face 共同 8. refute=not mean=rebut=deny 辩驳v. 9. accommodation=live=living condition 住宿n. 10. usage=use=benefit=profit 用处n. 11. averagely good=reasonable but not special 较好的 12. limited=minimal 有限的adj. 13. move from one to another=adopt one over another 转移 14. show=reveal=uncover=indicate=point out=imply 表明 15. related=associated 有关联的 adj. 16. suffer=be afflicted 忍受v. 17. research=study=investigation=survey 研究n. 18. affect=afflict=influence=change 影响v. 19. disease=medical complain=illness 病痛 n. 20. increase=surge=rise=gain=grow=go up=add=escalate 上
Cambridge同义词替换大全(剑桥4-8) Cambridge4 TEST1 1.ignore=pay no attention=not pay any attention=take no notice=not take any notice忽略，无视v. 2.encounter=face=confront=meet遇见，遭遇v. 3.mistaken view=misconception错误的观点n. 4.easy to reach=accessible容易达到的adj. 5.change=modify(modification) 改变v. 6.destruction=destroy=loss毁坏n. 7.investigate=make inquiries=enquiries=go into=probe=look into 调查v. 8.where=geographical location 表地点 9.important=vital=essential=crucial重要的adj. 10.reason=cause=factor=origins=root=stimulus=impetus原因n. 11.protect=guard=safeguard=shield=conservation保护v. 12.newspapers, television=media媒体n. 13.where to live=habitat居住地n. 14.get warmer=global warming变暖n. 15.contribute to=play a part有助于v. 16.survive=continuing existence幸存，活下来v. 17.curriculum=course=syllabus课程n. 18.link to=be connected with=be linked with把…和…相联系v. 19.underdeveloped=degenerated=rudimentary不发达的adj. 20.poor=bad=badly=not very good=no good at something=weak贫穷的，可怜的adj. 21.exceptional=good=excellent=outstanding=brilliant=impressive=admirable超常的，例外的adj. 22.mating=courtship交配. 23.follow=track=tail=shadow=hound=stalk=stalker跟随，跟踪v. 24.good vision ability=vision is obviously more useful…好的视力 25.best=well=greatest=finest=ideal= top= number one =ultimate=optimum=definitive=unsurpassed=record-breaking极好的adj. 26.surprised=amazed=astonished=astounded=be taken aback=startled感到惊讶的adj. 27.volunteer=subject实验研究对象n. 28.similar=resemble=like=alike相似的adj. 29.blind=can not see瞎的adj. Cambridge4 TEST2 1.initiative=on your own/by yourself=independently=on your own initiative=under your own steam=to be the person who starts something=plan=law主动的，自发的adj. 主动权n. 2.increase=go up=rise=grow=climb=gain=escalate=pick up=widen=be on the increase=intensify=expand=build up上升，增加v. 3.teach=educate=train=coach=instruct=bring up教学v.
中性动词 1. 导致：v.cause,bringabout,giveriseto,leadto,generate,create,Beacontributingfactor to 2.认为：v.pointout,argue,claim,assert,think,consider 3.强调：v.emphasize,bring/callattentionto,accentuate,heighten,strengthen 4.集中：v.focuson,concentrateon 5.解决：https://www.doczj.com/doc/314463603.html,bat,address,tackle,resolve,solve 6.从事：v.carryout,conduct,perform 7.承认：v.concede,admit,acknowledge,accept,allow,grant 正向动词 1.支持：v.support,advocate,agreewith 2.增加： v.increase,grow,rise,enlargen. increase,growth,rise,enlargeme nt 3.改善：v.improve,enhance,upgrade,boost n.improvement,enhancement,boom 4.扩张： v.expand,enlarge,extend,widen,broadenn. expansion,enlargement,extension 5.提高：v.augment,increase,develop,intensify n.augment,increase,development 6.发展： v.develop,advance,grow,evolve,flourish n.development,advancement,growth,flour ishing 7.产生：v.develop,comeintobeing/existence,comeabout 8.获得：v.acquire,gain,get,obtain,attain 9.执行：v.implement,execute,putintoeffect,perform n.implementation,performance 10.实现： v.achieve,fulfill,gain,accomplish,attainn.achievement,accomplis hment,attainment 11.开始：https://www.doczj.com/doc/314463603.html,mence,begin,start https://www.doczj.com/doc/314463603.html,mencement,beginning,start 12.促进： v.promote,further,advance,encourage,stimulate,fost ern.promotion,advancement 13.鼓励：v.stimulate,encourage,actasstimulus,motivate n.encouragement,incentive,motivation 14.唤起：v.arouse,cause,induce,prompt,trigger,sparkoff 15.需要：v.callfor,demand,require 16.取代：v.replace,taketheplaceof,substitutefor
Part 1 A A band of= a herd of=a flock of 一群 A range of=an array of= a list of= a collection of=a series of= a set of一系列Accelerate=speed up加速 Accomplishment=achievement 成就，完成 Accomplish=achieve （V）完成，达成，成就 Attend=participate in 参加 Achieve=obtain=gain=access to sth 得到、获得 Adapt to=integrate into使适应、融为一体 Aim.n=objective=goal 目的 Aim at=focus on=concentrate on=emphasize on 集中、强调 An array of=a list of =a set of=a series of 一系列 Attempt to do=try to do=intend to do尝试作，想要作 Approximately=roughly=about=some=around 大约 Appreciation=interest 欣赏 As a result=consequently=as a consequence=hence因此、从而 As well as=and和 As well=too也 Associate with=connect with=link with=relate to=involve in与……相关联Attach to=connect to=link to=serve与……相连接、附着在……上 At will=at random＝by chance=by accident=accidentally随意地Automatically ensure=guarantee确保 B Be similar to=closely resembled =have something in common 相似 Be used to=be devoted to专门用于 Be equivalent to=be equal to 等同于 Be taken aback=be surprised 吃惊 Briskly =rapidly=swiftly快速地 C Calculate=measure 衡量 Catch up with=keep pace with跟上步伐 Chief=major=dominant=principle主要的 Chronic=long term 慢性病的 Complain=illness 病症 Concern n. =focus关心的问题
本文将汇总剑9雅思阅读的同义词替换，准备雅思考试的考生可以做一个参考。 剑9第一篇： 1. recognise one's ability/ perceive one's talent/one's talent be perceived 2. enrol in a school/attend a school 3. sth that made him rich and famous/ sth bring him both fame and fortune 4. Immediately understand/instant recognition 5. refer to/ known as 6. consult/ ask advice of 7. now/ current/present/happening 8. transmission/ sending information 9. response/ reply 10. ground rules/ assumptions underlying the research 11. likelihood/ it seems/ perhaps, guess, estimate 12. life expectancy/ the lifetime of 13. most powerful/ the largest/ the biggest/ the best/ the greatest 14. resemble/ pretty well like/ be similar to/ same as 15. promptly/ immediately/instantly 16. migrant/ migrate/ migration 17. before/ in advance/ prior/ previously/ former 18. make big changes/ redesign/modification/alteration 19. lack/ never/no/not/in need of/want 20. incomplete fossilised remains/ only fragments are found 21. determine/ decide 22. obtain/ acquire/ earn / gain / get/ procure/ receive / secure 23. dense/ tight/thick/heavy 24. indicate/ demonstrate / disclose / display / exhibit/ express/ hint/ imply/ point out/ present/ reveal/ show /signify/suggest 剑9第二篇： 1. Initiative/initiate/ launch/ pioneer/ introduce/ develop 2. National policy/ New Zealand strategy 3. Global/international 4. Team effort/ institutional working party 5. Hypothesis/guess/ speculation/ possibility/theory/potential 6. Suitable/appropriate 7. Worldwide regulations/ international standard 8. Medical conditions/ illness/ disease 9. Place…at risk/ leave…vulnerable 10. Auditory problems/hearing loss 11. Study/carry out research 12. Machinery noise/ noise generated by machine 13. Child which have not been diagnosed/ undiagnosed children 14. Current teaching method/ modern teaching practices
.- 阅读词汇 考频考查的单词正确的选项词性中文含义abundant plentiful a. 大量的accelerate increase v. 加速；加大accessible available a. 可用的 2 accordingly for that reason； consequently ad. 因此 2 account （for）explain v. 解释；说明 accumulate collect v. 积累；积聚 a couple of years two years 两年 adequate sufficient a. 充足的 adhere stick v. 黏附；胶着adjunct addition n. 附加物administered managed v. 管理adorn decorate v. 装饰 advent arrival n. 出现、到达adversely negatively ad. 不利地；有害地advocate proponent n. 倡导者；辩护者aesthetically artistically ad. 审美地；美学地affront insult v 侮辱轻蔑aid help v. 帮助 alert wary a. 机敏的 allay reduce v. 减少 alter change v. 改变；调整alternative option n. 替代；替代物altogether completely ad. 完全地ancillary secondary a. 附属的；辅助的annihilate conquer v. 消灭；征服antagonist enemy n. 对手；敌人antecedent predecessor n. 先辈anticipate look forward to v. 期待；盼望apace with as fast as 快速的appealing attractive a. 吸引人的apply used for v. 应用；适用
雅思阅读考点词汇刘洪波解析+同义替换 考点核心词 abandon abstract accelerate * access * Acknowledge =Admit =recognize express gratitude for； =notice =accept as legally binding and valid =accept (sb) to be what is claimed or accept his power and authority -----The crown prince was ackownledged as the heir TO the throne * adapt to * addictive adjust * admit adversity =hardship misfortune affliction /hard knocks / Disaster tragedy grief evil = a stroke of ill fortune; a calamitous events -adverse=harmful inauspicious untoward contrary counter aggression=hostility violence invasion infringement -hostile=unfriendly agreeable
Aid Allergic =Hypersensitive hypersensitized hypersensitised Sensitized sensitised supersensitized alter * alternative altitude analyse * ancient * application apply to * appreciate * approach * approve array =series of/ranging =clothes/thread/garment an array of troops/books/emotions/fruit and vegetables artificial * Assess 对人judgment对物calculate estimate =evaluate valuate value measure =tax * assign -assignment =任命职务，任务sb to a post=delegate designate depute *assign a task to children =give out/allot sth
雅思阅读中的同义词替换汇总 1abandon, desert, forsake, leave, give up 动词，均有“放弃”之意 abandon〓强调永远或完全放弃或抛弃人或事物等，这可能是被迫的，也可能是自愿的。 desert〓着重指违背法律责任和义务，或自己的信仰与誓言的行为，多含非难的意味。 forsake〓侧重断绝感情上的依恋，自愿抛弃所喜欢的人或物。也指抛弃信仰或改掉恶习。 leave〓普通用词，指舍弃某事或某一职业，或终止同一某人的关系，但不涉及动机与果。 give up〓普通用语，侧重指没有希望或因外界压力而放弃。 2ability, capacity, capability, genius, talent, competence, faculty, gift, aptitude ，名词，均有“能力”之意 ability〓普通用词，指人先天的或学来的各种能力。 capacity〓侧重指人的潜在能力，通常不指体力，多指才智，尤指接受与领悟能力。capability〓多用于人，指胜任某项具体工作的能力，也指本身具有、尚未发挥的潜在能力。常与of或for连用。 genius〓语气最强，指天赋的高度才能与智力。 talent〓着重指人某方面具有可发展和倍养的突出天赋才能，但语意比genius弱。competence〓正式用词，侧重指令人满意的业务能力与水平，达到胜任某项工作等的要求。faculty〓指特殊的才能或智力。
gift〓着重个人的天赋的才能或在某方面的显著本领，常暗含不能用一般规律作解释的意味。aptitude〓多指先天或后天习得的运用自如的能力，常暗示接受能力强，能迅速掌握一种学术训练或艺术技巧。 3able, capable, competent，形容词，均有“有能力的”之意 able〓最常用词，多用于褒义，着重指多方面的，经常性的，或潜在性的能力。有时也指高超、非凡的能力。 capable〓语气弱于able，指有能力、有潜力或有条件做某事，常与of连用。competent〓强调具有能胜任某项工作的足够技能或其它所需的条件。 4abolish, cancel, repeal，动词，均有“取消，废止”之意 abolish〓正式用词，指彻底废除某种制度、规章或习俗。 cancel〓用法广泛，多指取消债务、合同、证书、比赛、旅行、计划或约会等。repeal书面用词，指撤销立法机关通过的协议、法案或法律等。 5absorb, suck, digest, incorporate，动词，均有“吸收”之意 absorb〓普通用词，词义广泛，既可指吸收光、热、液体等具体东西，又可指吸收知识等抽象概念的东西。 suck〓作“吸收”解时，可与absorb换用，但还可有“吮吸”之意。 digest〓侧重在消化道内改变食物的化学结构后被人体吸收。 incorporate〓指一物或多物与它物相融合，形成一整体。 6absurd, ridiclous，形容词，均有“荒唐的，可笑的”意思 absurd〓普通用词，强调指违背常理的荒谬。
Cambridge 4 TEST 1 1.ignore=pay no attention=not pay any attention=take no notice=not take any notice忽略，无视v. 2.encounter=face=confront=meet遇见，遭遇v. 3.mistaken view=misconception错误的观点n. 4.easy to reach=accessible容易达到的adj. 5.change=modify(modification) 改变v. 6.destruction=destroy=loss毁坏n. 7.investigate=make inquiries=enquiries=go into=probe=look into 调查v. 8.where=geographical location 表地点 9.important=vital=essential=crucial重要的adj. 10.reason=cause=factor=origins=root=stimulus=impetus原因n. 11.protect=guard=safeguard=shield=conservation保护v. 12.newspapers, television=media媒体n. 13.where to live=habitat居住地n. 14.get warmer=global warming变暖n. 15.contribute to=play a part有助于v. 16.survive=continuing existence幸存，活下来v. 17.curriculum=course=syllabus课程n. 18.link to=be connected with=be linked with把…和…相联系v. 19.underdeveloped=degenerated=rudimentary不发达的adj. 20.poor=bad=badly=not very good=no good at something=weak贫穷的，可怜的adj. 21.exceptional=good=excellent=outstanding=brilliant=impressive=admirable超常的，例外的adj. 22.mating=courtship交配. 23.follow=track=tail=shadow=hound=stalk=stalker跟随，跟踪v. 24.good vision ability=vision is obviously more useful…好的视力 25.best=well=greatest=finest=ideal=top=number one =ultimate=optimum=definitive=unsurpassed=record-breaking极好的adj. 26.surprised=amazed=astonished=astounded=be taken aback=startled感到惊讶的adj. 27.volunteer=subject实验研究对象n. 28.similar=resemble=like=alike相似的adj. 29.blind=can not see瞎的adj. Cambridge 4 TEST 2 1.initiative=on your own/by yourself=independently=on your own initiative=under your own steam=to be the person who starts something=plan=law主动的，自发的adj. 主动权n. 2.increase=go up=rise=grow=climb=gain=escalate=pick up=widen=be on the increase=intensify=expand=build up上升，增加v. 3.teach=educate=train=coach=instruct=bring up教学v. 4.more than one language=bilingual=sb's second language多种语言n. 5.determine=establish=identify=pinpoint=diagnose 决定v. 6.young people=teenager=youth=in your teens=adolescent=minor年轻人n. https://www.doczj.com/doc/314463603.html,munity=all the people in a particular area, city, country etc.群体，团体，社区n. 8.traditional=old-fashioned=outdated=outmoded=unfashionable传统的adj. 9.fail=failure=not succeed=unsuccessful=vain=fruitless=unproductive=be a failure=go wrong=not work=do no