Unit 1 Part I A
1. Oxford / commitment / academic record
2. oldest/ largest / reputation / research / science
3. first / Australia / 150 years / excels
4. excellence / 17.000 / location
5. largest / 1883 / situated / 26,000
6. 1636 / enrollment / 18,500/ schools
7. awards / degrees / 20,000 8. located / 135 / third
B
1.2,700 languages / 7,000 dialects / regional / pronunciation
2.official / language
3.One billion / 20 percent
4.Four hundred million / first / 600 million / second / foreign
5.500,000 words / Eighty percent / other
6.Eighty percent / computers
7.African country / same
8.1,000 / Africa
9.spaceship / 1977 / 55 / message / the United States
C 1 – (a) 2 – ( c) 3 – ( d) 4 – (b )
All right, class. Today we’re going to be looking at different language learning styles. You may be surprised to find that there are different ways of going about learning languages, none of which is necessarily better than the others. Researchers have identified four basic learner “types”–the communicative learner, the analytical learner, the authority-oriented learner and the concrete learner. Communicative learners like to learn by watching and listening to native speakers. At home, they like to learn by watching TV and videos. They like to learn new words by hearing them. In class, they like to learn by having conversations. Now, concrete learners like to lean by playing games, by looking at pictures and videos in class, talking in pairs, and by listening to cassettes at home and school. Now, authority-oriented learners, on the other hand, like the teacher to explain everything. They like to write everything down in their notebook, and they like to have a textbook. They like to learn new words by seeing them. And finally, we have analytical learners. These learners like to learn by studying grammar. At home, they like to learn by studying English books, and they like to study by themselves. They like to find their own mistakes. Now, of course, it’s unusual for a person to be exclusively one “type” rather than another. Most of us are mixtures of styles. What type of learner do you think you are?
Part II A3
GCSE examinations students / higher education
student/ second year / high school / college general exam / School Certificate
sitting University Entrance Examination bachelor’s degree: 3/ 4 years
master’s degree: another year or two doctorate: a further 3-7 years
Well, in Britain, from the ages of five to about eleven you start off at a primary school, and then from eleven to sixteen you go on to a secondary school or a comprehensive school and at sixteen you take GCSE examinations. After this, some children take vocational courses or even start work. Others stay on at school for another two years to take A levels. And at the age of eighteen, after A levels, they might finish their education or go on to a course of higher education at a college or university, and that’s usually for three years.
Well, it depends on what state you’re in but most kids in the United States start school at about six when they go to elementary school and that goes from the first grade up to the sixth grade. Some
kids go to a kindergarten the year before that. Then they go on to junior high school, that’s about eleven, and that’s the seventh, eighth and ninth grades. And then they go on to senior high school around age fourteen starting in the tenth grade and finishing in the twelfth grade usually. Some students will leave school at sixteen and they’ll start work, but most of them stay on to graduate from high school at age eighteen. In the first year at high school or college students are called “freshmen”, in the second they’re called “sophomores”, in the third year we call them “juniors”and in the fourth year they’re called “seniors”. Now a lot of high school graduates then go to college or university and they do a four-year first degree course. Some of them might go to junior college which is a two-year course.
Well, in Australia, well most states anyway, children start their primary education at five after perhaps a brief time in kindergarten. They will stay at primary school until they’re about eleven, then they’ll either stay there or go to an intermediate school for a couple of years. Then they start high school usually twelve or thirteen, which you start in the third form. Now, after three years at high school you sit a general exam, some states call it School Certificate and that is a sort of general qualification and that if a sort of general qualification. After that you can leave school at sixteen or you can go on and sit your University Entrance Examination, which then gives you entrée into a university or it’s another useful qualification, and from then on you go to various sorts of higher education.
Education in Canada is a provincial responsibility, but schools are administered by local school boards.
Kindergarten is for children who are four or five years old. Children begin formal full-day schooling in Grade 1, when they are about six years old. They must stay in school at least until they are sixteen. However, most students continue to finish high school. Some go to college or university. Each year of schooling represents one grade. (The school year extends from the beginning of September to the end of June.) Elementary school includes kindergarten to about Grade 8. Secondary school (or high school) may start in Grade 8, 9, or 10 and it usually continues until Grade 12.
In Canada, students may go to university or to a community college. If they want to learn skills for specific job, they attend college for one or four years to get a diploma or certificate. For example, lab technicians, child-care workers, and hotel managers go to college. Universities offer degree programs as well as training professions, such as law, medicine, and teaching.
Universities offer three main levels of degrees. Students earn a bachelor’s degree after three or four years of study. A master’s degree can take another year or two. A doctorate may take a further three to seven years to complete.
B1 Idioms / vocabulary / French / spelling / pronunciation
B2 1. F 2. T 3. F
I – Interviewer P – Professor
I: And now we have an interview with Professor J. T. Lingo, Professor of Linguistics at Chimo University, who is here to talk to us about the growing business of teaching English. Good morning, professor Lingo.
P: Good morning.
I: I understand that teaching English is becoming “big business” all around the world.
P: It seems that language schools are springing up everywhere.
I: Why is that?
P: With the move toward a global economy, English has become the most widely used language in the world. It is the language of business, aviation, science and international affairs and people find that they must learn English to compete in those fields.
I: And do people find English an easy language to learn?
P: Well, every language has something about it that other people find difficult to learn. English is such a hodgepodge of different languages – it’s essentially Germanic but a lot of its vocabulary comes from French, and technical words stem from Latin and Greek. This feature makes English fairly adaptable – which is a good thing for a world language – but it causes irregularity in spelling and pronunciation.
I: English spelling baffles me, too.
P: English also has the largest vocabulary. Often there are words for the same thing, one is Anglo-Saxon and one from the French – like “buy” which is Anglo-Saxon and “purchase” which is from the French. The French word often has more prestige.
I: Anglo-Saxon?
P: That’s the word for Old English. The Norman Conquest in 1066 brought the French language to Britain and helped English evolve into the English it is today.
I: Is there anything else particularly difficult about English?
P: Well, the idioms in informal English pose a problem for some students.
I: Informal English?
P: As with any language, there are different varieties: slang, colloquial. Formal, written, as well as the different dialects – British, American and Canadian English.
I: And how is Canadian English different from American and British?
P: Canadian English is closer to American in pronunciation and idiom. Some of our words and our spellings do reflect British usage, however. We wouldn’t use the British term “lorry” for truck, but we have kept the “o-u-r” spellings in words such as “honour” and “colour”.
I: This has been very interesting. I’m afraid we’re out of time. It has been a pleasure talking to you.
Part III University Life A1 I. Age / Foreign student population II. 15 hrs (+2 or 3 for lab) / Discussion group: 15-20 / much smaller / informal, friendly / 2-3 hrs: 1 hr
Today I’d like to give you some idea about how life at an American university or college might be different from the way it is in your country. To be sure, the student body on a U. S. campus is a pretty diverse group of people. First of all, you will find students of all ages. Although most students start college at around the age of 18, you will see students in their 30s and 40s and even occasionally in their 60s and 70s. Students on a U.S. campus come from a wide variety of socioeconomic backgrounds. Many students work at least part-time, some of them work full-time. Many students live in dormitories on campus, some have their own apartments usually with other students, and others live at home. Some colleges and universities have a very diverse student population with many racial and ethnic minorities. Some schools have a fairly large foreign student population. So you can see that one meets all kinds of people on a U.S. college or university campus. Now that you have some general idea of differences in the student population, I’d like to talk a few minutes about what I think an average student is and then discuss with you what a typical class might be like.
Let’s begin my talking about an average student entering his or her freshman year. Of course, such a person never really exists, but still it’s convenient to talk about an “average”student for our
purposes. Foreign students are often surprised at how poorly prepared American students are when they enter a university. Actually, at very select schools the students are usually very well prepared, but at less selective schools, they may not be as well prepared as students in your country are. Schools in the States simply admit a lot more students than is usual in most other countries. Also, most young American university students have not traveled in other countries and are not very well-versed in international matters and do not know a lot about people from other countries. Foreign students usually find them friendly but not very well-informed about their countries or cultures.
What kind of academic experiences will this so-called “average”student have? The average undergraduate student takes five classes a semester and is in class for 15 hours a week. If her or she takes a class that has a laboratory, this will require tow or three more hours. Many introductory undergraduate classes are given in large lectures of 100 or more students. However, many of these classes will have small discussion groups of 15 to 20 students that meet once a week. In these smaller groups, a teaching assistant will lead a discussion to help classify points in the lectures. Other kinds of classes – for example, language classes – will be much smaller so that students can practice language. In general, American professors are informal and friendly with their students, and, as much as possible, they expect and invite participation in the form of discussion. A large amount of reading and other work is often assigned to be done outside class, and students are expected to take full responsibility for completing these assignments and asking questions in class about those areas they don’t understand. As a rule of thumb, students spend two to three hours preparing for each hour they spend in class. American professors often encourage their students to visit them during office hours, especially if the students are having problems in the class.
A2 II. Examinations / quizzes
III. Graduate school / Seminars / some area of interest / a research paper
Let’s move on now to discuss student obligations in a typical American class. These obligations are usually set down in the course syllabus. A syllabus is generally handed out to students on the first or second class meeting. A good syllabus will give students a course outline that mentions all the topics to be covered in class. It will also contain all the assignments and the dates they should be completed by. An average university course of one semester might have three examinations or two examinations and a paper. The dates of the examinations and what the examinations will cover should be on the syllabus. If a paper id required, the date it is due should also be in the syllabus. The professor may also decide that he or she will be giving quizzes during the semester, either announced or unannounced. For students coming from a system where there is one examination in each subject at the end of the year, all this testing can be a little surprising at first. By the by, maybe this would be a good place for me to mention the issue of attendance. Another real difference in our system is out attendance policies. Perhaps you come from a system where attendance is optional. Generally speaking, American professors expect regular attendance and may even grade you down if you are absent a lot. All this information should be on your syllabus, along with the professor’s office number and office hours.
I have only a couple of hours left, and I’d like to use them to talk about how graduate school is somewhat different from undergraduate school. Of course, it’s much more difficult to enter graduate school, and most students are highly qualified and high motivated. Students in graduate school are expected to do much more independent work than those in undergraduate schools, with
regularly scheduled exams, etc. some classes will be conducted as seminars. In a seminar class, there may be no exams, but students are expected to read rather widely on topics and be prepared for thorough discussion of them in class. Another possibility in graduate classes is that in addition to readings done by all students, each student may also be expected to work independently in some area of interest and later make a presentation that summarizes what her or she has learned. Usually each student then goes on to write a paper on what he or she has researched to turn in to the professor for a grade.
I hope that today’s lecture has given you some idea about student life on an American campus and that you have noticed some difference between our system and yours.
B2 to make mistakes / every new thing / the language/ Working outside the classroom
Passive / the teach / stick his neck out / more likely to be right than himself
How would you describe a good student or a bad student, sort of things they do or don’t do in the classroom?
He’s eager to experiment with every new thing that he learns, whether it be a structure of a function or a new word, he immediately starts trying to use it.
He’s interested in the mistakes he makes, he’s not afraid to make them.
He’s not simply interested in having it corrected and moving on?
He plays with language.
I’ve done this chapter I know this, without trying to experiment at all, without really testing himself.
He’s usually passive, he won’t speak up much in the classroom. He’ll rarely ask you why this …Just sort of accepts what you give him and doesn’t do anything more with it.
… and in a test he’s the one person who’s likely to suddenly realize that he wasn’t too sure about that after all.
And peep over at his neighbor’s paper.
An alternative learning strategy.
He invariably decides that the other person is more likely to be right than himself. That’s the result of this sort of unwillingness to make mistakes and stick his neck out.
That characterizes the good or bad learner?
He’ll do more off his own bat as well, he won’t rely entirely on the teacher.
He’ll work outside the classroom as well as in it.
Students who make most progress are first of all those who experiment and secondly those who read books.
Part IV University Campus A
2. the History Department
3. the Psychology Department
4. the Library
5. the Education Department
6. the Philosophy Department
7. the Geography Department
8. the Sports Ground
9. the Foreign Languages Department 10. the Chinese Department 11. the Physics Department 12. the Mathematics Department 13. the Chemistry Department 14. the Clinic 15. the Auditorium 16. the Administration Building
Look at the map. At the bottom of the page, fine the gate (1). Now locate 16. It is between the river and the lake, close to the Main Road. The building behind the Administration is 15. Where is 4? It’s on the right-hand side of the Main Road, close to the river. Across the Main road from the Library, the building by the river is 5. The first building on the left-hand side of the Main Road is 7. 6 is between the Education and the Geography. The building at the end of the Main Road is 12.
on its left is 11 and on its right, near the lake, is 13. Another building behind the like is 14. 10 is facing the lake, across the Main Road. The building between the Chinese Department and the river is 9. 2 is the first building on the right of the Main Road. Next to the History Department is 3. And last, 8 is behind the Education, Philosophy and Geography Departments.
B Robert Martin / biology / next fall / six years in a public school in the hometown; two years in a military school, high school in the hometown / science (biology in particular), sports
So I had to earn a little money to help pay my way.
It sounds as if you’re a pretty responsible fellow. I see that you attended two grade schools.
I don’t find a transcript among your papers.
But it’s hard to keep up with both sports and studies.
I’ll hold your application until we get the transcript.
What did your guidance counselor tell you?
He told me I had a real knack for scientific things. I have been fascinated with science since I was a child. An interest of that kind really signifies something.
Unit 2 Colorful lands, colorful people
16,998,000 / 64,186,300/ 840,000 / 1,000,000 / 3,320,000 / 143,244 / 32,483 / 2,966,000 / 5,105,700 / 29,028 / -1,312 / 5,315 / 36,198 / 4,145 /
The biggest continent in the world is Asia. It covers 16,998,000 square miles.
The Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean with 64,186,300 square miles.
Which is the biggest island? It’s Greenland. It occupies an area of 840,000 square miles.
The Arabia Peninsula is the largest peninsula and has an area of 1, 000,000 square miles.
Do you know which is the largest desert? Yes, it’s the Sahara Desert in North Africa. It covers 3,320,000 square miles.
The biggest saltwater lake is the Caspian Sea, which is 143,244 square miles large.
Lake Superior is the biggest fresh water lake and it covers a total area of 32,483 square miles. The smallest continent is Oceania, with an area of 2,966,000 square miles, and the smallest ocean is the Arctic Ocean with 5,105,700 square miles.
You all know the world’s highest peak, don’t you? Mt. Qomolangma (or Mt. Everest) is 29,028 feet above sea level. In contrast, the lowest altitude in the world is the Dead Sea, 1,312 feet below sea level, or you can say -1,312 feet.
The deepest lake is Baykal in Russia. The depth is 5,315 feet.
Mariana Trench near the Philippines is the deepest oceanic trench, with a depth of 36, 198 feet. The longest river in the world is the Nile in Africa. It is 4, 145 miles long.
B
1,243,738,000 / 955,220,000 / 267,901,000 / 199,867,000 / 159,884,000 / 147,105,000 / 138,150,000 / 125,638,000 / 122,013,000 / 118,369,000 / 96,400,000 / 82,071,000
1.The country with the largest population in the world is China. According to the 1997 census,
the total population was 1,243,738,000.
2.The second largest in population is India. It listed a population of 955,220,000 in 1997.
3.And the third largest is the United States, with its estimated population of 267,901,000 in
1997.
4.Which country is the fourth largest in population? It’s Indonesia. About 199,867,000 people
live there.
5.Brazil ranks the fifth in its population. There the population was 159,884,000.
6.Next comes the Russian Federation, with a population of 147,105,000.
7.The seventh in line is Pakistan, with an estimated population of 138,150,000.
8.Japan is the country with the eighth largest population. Its population estimated in 1997
reached 125,638,000.
9.The next larges country in population is Bangladesh. The estimated population was
122,013,000 in 1997.
10.Nigeria in Africa ranks the tenth in its population. There are about 118,369,000 people living
there.
11.The eleventh? Mexico. According to statistics, its population was 96, 400, 000 in 1997.
12.And last, the twelfth larges is Germany. Its 1997 census showed it had a population of
82,071,000.
C
Chinese 1,300 million / Spanish 332 million /English 322 million / 189 million / 182 million / 170 million / Russian 170 million / Japanese 125 million / German 98 million / 75.5 million / Korean 75 million / French 72 million / Vietnamese 67 million / 66 million / 64 million / 63 million / Turkish 59 million / 58 million / 44 million / Polish 44 million / Arabic 42.5 million / 41 million
Do you know which languages are spoken by more than 40 million people?
Chinese has the largest number of speakers, more than 1,300 million. Next, Spanish is spoken by 332 million people. The next on the line is English, which has more than 322 million speakers. Number 4, Bengali is spoken by 189 million people. Next comes Hindi, the language spoken chiefly in India, which has 182 million speakers. Portuguese and Russian are next on the line and they are both spoken by 170 million people. Number 8, Japanese is spoken by 125 million. Next, German has 98 million speakers, while Javanese has 75.5 million. We have Korean on the list with 75 million, and it is followed by French, which is spoken by 72 million. Number 13, Vietnamese is spoken by 67 million and Telugu is spoken by 66 million. Next, we have Marathi on the list and it has 64 million speakers. Marathi is followed by Tamil, with 63 million speakers. Next comes Turkish, the language spoken in Turkey, and it has 59 million speakers. Number 18, Urdu is spoken by 58 million people. Gujarati has 44 million speakers, and Polish is also spoken by 44 million people. Number 21, which 42.5 million people speak, is Arabic and last, the number of people who speak Ukrainian is 41 million.
Part II
1. A baby boy
2.social/ ecological/ populations
3.longer/ healthier
A baby boy born in Bosnia-Herzegovina overnight has officially been named the world’s six billionth inhabitant.
Although several other babies are likely to have been born at the same time elsewhere in the world, the United Nations had declared that the first child to be delivered at the Kosovo Hospital in Sarajevo today would symbolize the passing of the mark.
The U Secretary General is visiting the mother and her son as a UN attempt to draw attention to the social and ecological problems of rapidly expanding populations
The boy who came into the world a short time ago in Bosnia to such international acclaim will
be sharing a birthday with a few hundred thousand people and in the next year another eighty million will be joining him on the planet. The earth’s population has doubled since 1960 and with more than a billion young people just entering their productive years. The population growth has plenty of momentum. But birth control programs are beginning to have an impact. Demographers predict that by the middle of the new century the global count will level off at something under ten billion. The UN population agency has presented today’s achievement as a success for humanity, pointing out that people are living longer and healthier lives than any generation in the history.
B b c a
The boy will be sharing a birthday with a few hundred thousand people and in the next year, another eighty million will be joining him on the planet.
The earth’s population has doubled since 1960 and with more than a billion young people just entering their productive years.
Demographers predict that by the middle of the new century, the global count will level off at something under ten billion.
Part III A
water/ 70% red or brown/ plant cover snow/ continents islands arms of the ocean connecting a channel valleys plains
B 12 million / 2/ 10 million/ 10/ 3/ 6/ 4/16 million/ 18 million
1. Mexico City
2. Sao Paulo
3. Rio de Janeiro
4. Bombay
5. Delhi
6. Shanghia
7. Seoul
I-Interview E-Expert
I: In Britain we are often told that people are leaving the big cities to live in the countryside but is this the case worldwide?
E: Not at all. If you look at the biggest cities in 1950, seven out of the top ten were in the developed countries but by the year 2000, the developing countries will have eight out of the top ten. New York, which in 1950 was number one with a population of around 12 million, will only be the sixth largest city in the world but with an extra 2 million.
I: And London?
E: London, which was number two, won’t even be in the top ten. Its population in 1950, by the way, was about 10 million.
I: And why is this happening? Why are people moving to the big cities from the country in the developing countries?
E: The reasons are complex but many are moving to look for work. And the problems this creates are enormous. It’s estimated that 26 million people will be living in Mexico City by the year 2000, with Sao Paulo in Brazil not far behind.
I: I t’s difficult to believe.
E: I know. Rio de Janeiro will have a population of a mere 13 million. Well, just imagine the kinds of difficulties this is going to cause in terms of health, transport and education.
I: Yes. What about the cities of Asia? Will they be experiencing a similar sort of growth?
E: In some cases, yes. Calcutta in India which was No. 10 in the league in 1950 is expected to be the fourth biggest city in the world with a population of 16 million- quadrupling its size in just 50 years. Bombay and Delhi too are expected to be in the top ten.
I: What about Japan?
E: Ah! Well, Tokyo was number three in 1950 and that’s where it’ll be at the beginning of the next
century, although its population will have trebled to about 18 million. Looking at the other major cities in Asia, Shanghai and Seoul will be in the top ten as well but, perhaps surprisingly, not Beijing or Hong Kong.
I: Now, if we could turn our attention to home, what about the trend of people moving out of the cities…
Part IV skills /the main idea/what/recognize/central / important/direction/ purpose/inform/compare/answer/stated/a topic sentence/ first/ details/ difficult/ persuade/ end/ implied/ hinted at/a whole
Unit 3 Traveling from Place to Place PartⅠA
BA912/11:20/17 BA877/11:20/14 BA292/11:25/19 TW695/11:30/16 4 EA831/11:35/24 BA838/9 IB290/11:35/15 LH039/11:40/9 BA666/11:40/18 AI141/6 BA560/22 Last call for British airways flight BA912 for Tokyo. BA912 for Tokyo due to depart at 11:20 boarding at gate 17.
British airways flight BA877 to Boston. British airways flight BA877 to Boston duo to depart at 11:20 boarding now at gate 14.
British airways flight BA292 for Frankfurt, Athens and Karachi. Flight BA292 for Frankfurt, Athens and Karachi duo to depart at 11:25 now board at gate 19.
TWA flight, TW695to New York. TWA flight TW695 to New York departing at 11:30 boarding at gate 16.
B Tea, soft drinks, coffee, Egg and tomato, ham and tomato, egg and chips, roast chicken, cheeseburgers
Tape script:
Chief Steward: may I have your attention please, ladies and gentlemen? This is the chief steward speaking. We would like to inform all passengers that the buffet car is now open. The buffet car is situated towards the middle of the train. On sale are tea, coffee and soft drinks, a selection of fresh and toasted sandwiches including egg and tomato, ham and tomato, egg and cress, roast chicken and toasted cheese; cheeseburgers, beef burgers and sausages and a licensed bar. The buffet car is situated towards the middle of the train. Thank you.
PartⅡ
9:15/10:30 10:30/13:30
Quick/beautiful view /frequent service (hourly)/modern/comfortable/lovely view from dining car Have to get Gatwick airport/ expensive quite crowded/quite expensive
A-Annabel C-Charles D-Douglas
D: Ah! That’s much better!
C: Ah! That’s yours, I think…er…Doug.
D: Thank you very much, Charles.
C: Right. You have a good journey then, Douglas?
D: Yes I did, I did. I must say the plane was marvelous, marvelous.
C: Very quick, then?
D: Er…the plane journey was terrifically quick…er…I mean, you…er…what…you met me about 9…er…what…er…10…10:45.
C: About 10:30.
D: Yes, the plane got in at…er…10:30 and we left at 9:15.
C: What time didi you have to start though in the morning?
D: Well, that…er…that wa a different story, because I had to get to Victoria…um…at…you know, to get to Gatwick and it’s…er…from…er…Victoria to Gatwick three quarters of an hour. Then
I had to leave home at 7:30 and get up at 6:30.
C: Oh, gracious me!
D: So I’m not sure if you save much really.
C: Jet travel, my goodness me! It was worth the experience, though?
D: Oh, I mean, you know, I’ve never flown across the south of England and it really looked absolutely fantastic, especially as we approach…approached Plymouth, you know, with this sunshine and it looked really marvelous…marvelous.
C: Well, when you come up next time, would you be coming the same way?
D: Oh, t don’t think so. I don’t…to be honest…hallo, isn’t that…Annabel!
C: Oh it is. It’s Annabel!
D: Over here, over here!
A: Hallo!
C: Nice to see you, my dear.
A: Hallo there, how are you?
C: Want a drink, my dear?
A: Yes, please.
C: Right, I’ll..er…fix them. You had a good journey?
A: Yes, I had a lovely time, I came by train…er…it was…er…
C: What time did you start then?
A: Oh, about 10:30 I think. Got here about 1:30. so it’s only…what …three hours. Very quick. C: Very good. Douglas came up by plane!
A: Oh, how fancy! Well, this was …er…this was a nice train, you know, very modern and comfortable. And of course loads of trans-about every hour I think.
C: Oh, great. Did you get something to eat on the train?
A: Yes thanks, yes. Had a nice lunch. Oh, it’s wonderful, you can sit there drinking your soup and watching the view go by. I like it…
D: I bet it’s a …it’s a hell of a lot of cheaper than the plane.
A: Well, actually, I thought it was quite expensive…um…unless you’ve got, you know, a student card or something.
D: Oh, those days are long gone!
A: But it was quite…quite…crowded. I was…I was glad I’d booked a seat, you know.
D: Yes, yes
PartⅢ A
Sep.4-sep.17/aug.5-aug.18
2double and 1single/1double and 1 big bedroom with 2single beds and a sofa 3/1full bathroom 3 (kitchen, dining room, sitting-room)/2kitchen, living-sitting room √/×
√(six days a week)/×￡80 for a fiesta/ ￡98 for a fiesta √/√￡570/￡270
B b. terrace/ sea view d. swimming-pool
Conversation 1
Unit 1 Part I A 1. Oxford / commitment / academic record 2. oldest/ largest / reputation / research / science 3. first / Australia / 150 years / excels 4. excellence / / location 5. largest / 1883 / situated / 26,000 6. 1636 / enrollment / 18,500/ schools 7. awards / degrees / 20,000 8. located / 135 / third B 1.2,700 languages / 7,000 dialects / regional / pronunciation 2.official / language 3.One billion / 20 percent 4.Four hundred million / first / 600 million / second / foreign 5.500,000 words / Eighty percent / other 6.Eighty percent / computers
7.African country / same 8.1,000 / Africa 9.spaceship / 1977 / 55 / message / the United States C 1 – (a) 2 – ( c) 3 – ( d) 4 – (b ) All right, class. Today we’re going to be looking at different language learning styles. You may be surprised to find that there are different ways of going about learning languages, none of which is necessarily better than the others. Researchers have identified four basic learner “types”–the communicative learner, the analytical learner, the authority-oriented learner and the concrete learner. Communicative learners like to learn by watching and listening to native speakers. At home, they like to learn by watching TV and videos. They like to learn new words by hearing them. In class, they like to learn by having conversations. Now, concrete learners like to lean by playing games, by looking at pictures and videos in class, talking in pairs, and by listening to cassettes at home and school. Now, authority-oriented learners, on the other hand, like the teacher to explain everything. They like to write everything down in their
Unit 1 Under the Same Roof PartⅠ B. 1.picture two 2.picture one 3.picture four 4.picture three C. 1.He’s a cook 2.There are six people in my family 3.She turned twenty in August 4.They live in Tokyo 5.I have two brothers and one sister 6.His name is David 7.She works in a hospital 8.Since 1994 9.Yes,two daughters and one son 10.We met at my best friend’s bi rthday party PartⅡ A. 1.The parents 2.The children 3.Different but equal 4.Women’s 5.You know that you have to work at it to create love 6.Helping people learn to work at their relationships to make their relationship work B. lauthoritarian model:children have no rights permissive era:children are the bosses;they are allowed to do whatever they want to;parents run around behind them third position:parents and children are different but equal women’s movement:women demand a freer choice about who they are and how they can be appreciation for men: (1) being bread-winner and providers for families (2) being more involved with their childre arranged marriage:you have to work at it to create the love marriage out of love:you don’t know how to work at it when it gets tricky,and you are more easily to opt out PartⅢ A. 1.separate 2.Smoking,drinking 3.collecting 4.On the railway
Unit 7 Task 1 【答案】 A. 1) In a mental asylum. 2) He was a member of a committee which went there to show concern for the pertinents there. 3) They were cants behaving like humans. 4) He was injured in a bus accident and became mentally ill. 5) He spent the rest of his life in comfort. B. painter, birds, animals, cats, wide, published, encouragement, A year or two, The Illustrated London News, cats' Christmas party, a hundred and fifty, world famous 【原文】 Dan Rider, a bookseller who loved good causes, was a member of a committee that visited mental asylums. On one visit he noticed a patient, a quiet little man, drawing cats. Rider looked at the drawings and gasped. "Good lord, man," he exclaimed. "You draw like Louis Wain!" "I am Louis Wain," said the artist. Most people today have never heard of Louis Wain. But, when Rider found him in 1925, he was a household name. "He made the cat his own. He invented a cat style, a cat society, a whole cat world," said H. G. Wells in a broadcast appeal a month or two later. "British cats that do not look and live like Louis Wain cats are ashamed of themselves." Before Louis Wain began drawing them, cats were kept strictly in the kitchen if they were kept at all. They were useful for catching mice and perhaps for keeping the maidservant company. Anyone else who felt affection for cats usually kept quiet about it. If a man admitted that he liked cats, he would be laughed at. The dog was the only domestic animal that could be called a friend. Louis Wain studied art as a youth and became quite a successful newspaper and magazine artist. He specialized in birds and animals, including dogs, but never drew a cat till his wife was dying. They had not been married long, and during her illness a black-and-white cat called Peter used to sit on her bed. To amuse his wife, Louis Wain used to sketch and caricature the cat while he sat by her bedside. She urged him to show these-drawings to editors, fie was unconvinced,
step-by-step-3000-英语听力入门-词汇
Unit 1 architect Wales specific understand fatigue 疲劳foxhole 散兵坑，隐蔽处 distracted 开小差abuse “lose-lose” solutions attest 证明excel reside in 在于configuration 配置spouse social backgrounds race ethnic religion pre-industrial 工业革命前的propose criterion 标准physical appearance fall in love sustain 维持differentiate 使..和..有差别 “just-right” wife 刚好合适的 physical qualities 体格素质 athletic sports qualities 运动素质 vow upper portion 上半身 designer clothing 量体裁衣 baseball diamond 棒球场 fancy-dress party 化
妆舞会 frizzly （小）卷的yearbook 年鉴platonic 不切实际的 hit it off 投机chap 家伙 trip over 绊倒 Unit 2 constellation 星座Taurus 金牛座Virgo Capricorn 摩羯座Pisces 双鱼座Aquarius 水瓶座Leo Cancer 巨蟹座Aries 白羊座Gemini 双子座Sagittarius 射手座centaur 半人马座Scorpio 天蝎座Libra 天秤座personality survey aggressive jealous raise the roof 喧闹，大声抱怨 a lost wallet smart identification self-esteem observation active express ideas relations with other people investigate harsh 粗糙的，刺耳的 democratic 民主的depression drugs psycho-therapy 心理
Unit 1 Education Is a Key Part4 University campus A Key words: administration/ auditorium/ clinic/ mathematics/ chemistry/ physics/ library/ history/ Chinese/ education/ philosophy/ foreign languages/ sports ground/ psychology Vocabulary: auditorium You are going to hear some information about the layout of a university campus. Listen carefully. Write down the names of different places in the right positions on the map. 1. gate 2. the History Department 3. the Psychology Department 4. the Library 5. the Education Department 6. the Philosophy Department 7. the Geography Department
8. the Sports Ground 9. the Foreign Languages Department 10. the Chinese Department 11. the Physics Department 12. the Mathematics Department 13. the Chemistry Department 14. the Clinic 15. the Auditorium 16. the Administration Building Tape script: Look at the map. At the bottom of the page, find the gate (1). Now locate the Administration (16). It is between the river and the lake, close the Main Road. The building behind the Administration is the Auditorium (15). Where is the Library (4)? It’s on the right-hand side of the Main Road, close to the river. Across the Main Road from the Library, the building by the river is the Education Department (5). The first building on the left-hand side of the Main Road is the Geography Department (7). The Philosophy Department (6) is between the Education and the Geography. The building at the end of the Main Road is the Mathematics Department (12). On its left is the Physics Department (11) and on its right, near the lake, is the Chemistry Department (13).
Unit 7 Part I Warming up A. Tapescript: 1. Help the old The elderly at home and in the neighborhood, especially those living alone, need your care and support. Show your concern and attend to their needs wherever possible. Your support warms their hearts and brings them hope. If you find any elderly people in need of help, call the Social Welfare Department hot line on 23432255 or contact the nearby Family Services Center. 2. Keep Hong Kong clean Hong Kong not only is one of the world's greatest cities, it's also our home. So let's all start taking more pride in its appearance. Let's keep Hong Kong clean. 3. For a better society At different stages of life, we have different roles to play. As good citizens, we are willing to do our part for a better society. 4. Don't litter You can try walking away from litter, but you can't walk away from a fine. Use the bin or risk a $ 25,000 fine and six months' imprisonment. 5. Aids hot line We are about to use a 4-letter word. This word can clear a room. This word makes some people sick. This word leaves others in disgust. Some people pretend it doesn't exist. Others wish it would go away. You won't hear it in mixed company. You won't hear it used at home. And you certainly won't hear it in schools. The fact is if more people use this word, less people would be affected by it. 6. Equal opportunities True harmony can only exist when men and women have equal opportunities. Sex discrimination destroys this harmony and is unlawful. Stand up for equal opportunity. The equal opportunities commission hot line: 25118211. 7. For your health
少儿英语听力入门学习方法 少儿英语听力入门学习方法 一、泛听 在练习听力之初，我们能够以多听为主。除了课堂教学，我还努 力通过“潜移默化式”英语学习法。在家里，家长们能够让孩子充分 利用一切课余时间去学习英语。如在孩子们起床时、早饭时、晚饭后、洗澡时、睡觉前等等一切能够利用的时间，播放英文录音或者歌曲， 反复听，随意听。 学生逐步地对内容熟悉了，自不过然耳朵就习惯了听英语。给予 孩子一个最缺少的自然的英语环境，他们自不过然就会对英语产生兴趣，学习效果也会非常明显。 二、听力，语音相辅 有了泛听的基础，我们就要进一步考虑如何提升听力的质量。在 实际授课过程中发现，学生最难把握的语音点通常是连读和停顿。往 往学生能听懂的是一些单词，可当其置于句中、融入语篇时，便出现 了很多问题。 连读：英语的句速是由重音的间距来决定的，有时在一拍时间内 要连续发多个音，于是单词与单词之间就需要首尾相连，由前一个单 词的末尾音节与后一个单词的起首音节相连，这就构成了连读。 停顿：英语的节奏有一个显著特点就是需要停顿。这在学生的日 常发音中常常被忽略。 很多学生以为一气呵成的快速朗读就是所谓的流利。其实不然。 这不但不符合日常的口头表达方式，给听者带来理解上的困难，也影 响了自己的听力。
三、注意听力技巧 很多孩子在做听力的时候，经常会想要听清每一个单词。不过在 厅里练习中，这样的习惯会让孩子在错过一个单词后，后面的内容会 全部来不及听。 所以针对这样的情况，遇到一时不理解的单词不要停下来思索， 而要坚持继续听，以防止错过更多的信息。另外，我们在听到会的单 词后，能够在线上先写出该单词的首字母，提醒自己。在完全听完录 音后，在逐一补全。 四、有意识的词汇积累 前面我们提到，词汇量是听力练习的一个很重要的基础。在听力 练习中，如果听出了单词的读音，却不知道含义，这样的失分是非常 可惜的。 所以我们在平时做练习的时候，能够主动摘抄一些生词、词组。 并且反复听录音来熟悉其读音，是否有连读、弱读、爆破音等等。 扩展阅读：如何能练好英语听力？ 一、听写 练习听力的时候需要注意精听和泛听的结合。建议先泛听，再精 听做听写。泛听一遍了解大概的内容之后，脑中闪过相关的词汇，精 听做听写更能提升效率。第一遍泛听的时候先看看自己能听懂多少内容，第二遍听写需要注意哪些地方呢？一般听写都是以5-8秒的短句 为一个单位，如果时间太久，记忆点太多，不利于听写。 二、对照答案 听力完成后，实在听不出来了，能够对照答案。但是对照答案， 不是改完就了事了。通过答案，我们需要分析我们的常错点。常见的 错误类型能够是语音类的、语法类、拼写类等，整理错题，分析问题，
Unit1.World News: International Relations Contents: 1. News reports 2. Anti-piracy mission 3. Speeches Goals: 1. To train students to recognize key words and phrases in listening 2. To develop students’ ability to identify significant information in listening 3. To train students to summarize the materials through listening Teaching methods: Students’ listening; group discussion; teacher’s instruction Duration: 90 minutes I.Warming up A. Words: radical----thorough or complete; drastic 彻底的; 完全的; 激烈的: radical reforms, changes, etc彻底的改革﹑改变等 guerrilla [guer·ril·la || g?'r?l?] n.soldier who engages in irregular warfare (usually a member of a loosely organized band of soldiers which utilizes hit-and-run methods to fight the enemy) deplete---- reduce greatly the quantity, size, power or value of (sth) 大量削
十、方式与方法 听下面10段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所然的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How will the man go home? A.By bike. B.By subway C. By bus 2.How will the man spend this evening? A.He will see a film. B.He will stay up late C. He will eat in a restaurant 3.How will the woman try to get in touch with William next? A.By emailing him B.By making a phone call. C.By sending a message. 4. How does the man go to work? A.By car . B.By bus C. By train 5.How did the man know about the job? A.From his classmate. B.From his friend. C. From the internet 6.How will the speakers pay? A.They'll use coins. B.They will use a note C.They will use a card 7. How will the speakers go to the shopping centre? A. By bike B.By bus C. By taxi 8 In what way does the man suggest the woman lose weight? A.By eating less. B.By doing exercise. C.By taking some medicine. 9.How will the man go to the city centre? A.He will ride a bike. B.He will go on a bus. C.He will take the underground. 10. How does Tim earn his living? A.By writing B.By doing business. C.By working as a computer programmer. 十一、原因与结果 听下面10段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所然的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.Why won't the woman see a film? A.She has no ticket. B.She will go to a concert. C.She wants to stay with her mother. 2.Why does the woman want to live in the city? A.To save money. B.To lake care of her parents. C.To go to work conveniently. 3.Why is the man talking to the woman?
Step by step 3000 book 2 Unit1 Part 1 原文 Part 1 Warming up A Tapescript: The Porter Family Mr William Porter is very old. He's 87. And Mrs Catherine Porter is80. Mr Porter is from Wales. John Porter and Mary are brother and sister John Porter is 53 and he's a lawyer.His wife Susan is 48 ,and she's an architect.James Porter and Joan Lee are cousins. James Porter is 24 and Joan Lee is 17. B Tapescript: Here are a few general ideas I believe help make a marriage work: 1.Go on dates with each other.Renew romantic feelings by spending special time together. 2. Be as specific as you can when you complain ,make a request ,or offer praise. 3. When stressed by fatigue or your own insecurities ,imagine you and your partner in a foxhole ,surrounded by danger.Instead of striking out at your partner ,find a way to protect the partnership! 4. When you feel "distant ," talk about it with your partner. 5. Be assured that partners in all marriages sometimes get tired,irritable ,or distracted. Work together to understand each other. 6. Respect each other.Leave if danger exists. Find professional help if physical ,sexual ,emotional ,or verbal abuse occurs. 7. Fight to "understand ," not to "win. " C Tapescript: Having been married for more than 40 years ,I can attest to truth of the following statement: To excel in the art of domestic argument ,one must master the art of losing Modern psychologists are taken with the "lose-lose" solution. But inmarriage ,success resides more in "lose-lose" solutions. Out of these ,both parties can win. For in the love configuration ,losing gives a gift that always returns. The issues that people argue over most in marriage ,such as how to spend money ,often aren't the real ones. The key issue is: who is going to be in control? When I was younger,my need to control arose out of fear,a lack of trust ,insecurity. The day I finally realized I needn't to control my wife-that ,indeed ,I ought not to control her ,that I couldn't control her ,and that if I try to ,I would destroy our marriage - was the day our marriage began. What is it we want most from a marriage? To love and be loved. To be happy and secure .To grow to discover A love relationship is the garden in which we plant ,cultivate and harvest the most precious of crops ,our own self,and in which our spouse is provided the same rich soil in which to bloom. We cannot obtain what we want unless our partner also gets what he or she wants. So remember: if you want to feel loved and respected ,give up control. Unit1 Part 1 答案 Part I - A 87, 80, 53, 48, 24, 17 Part I - B 1.spending special time together. 2.specific, complain, request, praise. 3.fatigue, insecurities, foxhole, striking out , protect. 4.distant 5.all marriages, Work together o understand
Item one Judith Wallerstein studied 93 children over a generation. Her findings haven’t been published in a medical journal, only in her book. She says children of divorce are more likely to abuse drugs, and that 40 percent of them avoid marriage themselves. When they do marry, fail at nearly twice the usual rate. Wallerstein’s families divorced a generation ago. Times have changed and with them the attitude toward divorce and the attention to divorce’s innocent victims. “In our parents’generation people who got divorced didn’t talk about it, they were embarrassed by it.” Programs like Kid’s Turn try to mitigate some of the effects of divorce with family counseling. So the next generation more aware of the trauma may be better equipped to handle it.
Step by Step Book 2 Unit one A Key words: Oxford牛津(英国城市), 牛津大学A borough of south-central England on the Thames River west-northwest of London. First mentioned in 912, it was chartered in 1605. Oxford University, with its famed “dreaming spires,” was founded in the 12th century and still dominates the center of the city. Population, 114,400. 牛津：英格兰中南部的一个区，位于泰晤士河之滨，伦敦西北偏西。912 年第一次被提及到， “梦想之1605 年被特许立市。牛津大学，有著名的 颠”，建于 12 世纪并且仍然居于整个城市的中心地位。人口 114,400 Cambridge剑桥(英国城市, 剑桥大学所在地)
A municipal borough of east-central England on the Cam River north-northeast of London. It is an ancient market town and the site of Cambridge University, established in the 12th to 13th century. Population, 100,200. 剑桥：英格兰中东部的一座享有自 治权的市镇，靠近剑河且位于伦敦 市东北偏北。它是古代的一座城镇，也是剑桥大学所在地，建于 12 到 13 世纪。人口 100,200 The University of Auckland: 奥克兰The largest city of New Zealand, on an isthmus of northwest North Island. It is a major port and an industrial center. Metropolitan area population, 860,000.奥克兰：新西兰最大的城市，位于北岛西北部地峡。是主要海港及工
5. What are the problems with the nuclear facilities and nuclear plants in Japan? Some nuclear facilities have breached many health and safety laws. More than half of the nuclear plants failed some basic tests, such as checking radiation measurements. Tapescripts: 1. With the final declaration on its role in the 21st century, the summit's statement is expected to call on UN members to make commitments to eradicate poverty, promote democracy and education, and reverse the spread of AIDS. More than 150 heads of state and government attended the summit, the largest gathering of world leaders in history. 2. The Association of South-East Asian Nations has decided to invite Burma to join its ranks, shrugging off western denunciations of the military regime in Rangoon. ASEAN foreign ministers voted on Saturday to admit Burma, Cambodia, and the Laos. 3. The missing, four of them teenagers, were among 35 people aboard a high school fishing vessel from Japan. On Friday, a U.S. nuclear submarine tore through the ship, sinking it within minutes. The USS Greenville, which was not seriously damaged, was performing an emergency surfacing drill when the collision occurred about ten miles south of Pearl Harbor. Coast Guard rescue teams plucked all but nine of the victims from the rough seas. 4. Gun battles between Israeli troops and Palestinian gunman have been raiding overnight in the West Bank and Gaza. The upsurge in violence comes after Israeli attack helicopters targeted and killed a member of an elite Palestinian security force. 5. Some nuclear facilities in Japan have breached many health and safety laws. Government inspectors checked 17 nuclear plants. More than half of them failed some basic tests, such as checking radiation measurements. Japanese nuclear regulators have been ordered to crack down following the country's worst nuclear accident in September. Sixty-nine people were exposed to dangerous levels of radiation in the accident. Part II News reports