一般过去时
一、一般过去时的基本构成
1、be动词的一般现在时形式：was , were
2、其他动词用过去式的形式
二、一般过去时的基本用法
1、在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。例如：时间状语有：yesterday,
last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。
Eg ① He didn't finish his homework yesterday.
② We visited the factory last week.
2、表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。因此在这类句子中，经常
使用always，often，once a month等表示事情发生频度的时间状语。
① When I was a child, I often played football in the street.
② Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a
warm welcome.
那时，布朗一家无论什么时候去，都受到热烈欢迎。
**表示过去经常性的、习惯性的动作也可以用used to do 来表示。（强调现在已经不这样了）
Eg I used to get up early in the morning.
3、有些句子，虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语，但实际上是指过去发生的动
作或存在的状态的话，也要用过去时。
Eg I didn’t know you were in Paris. 我不知道你在巴黎。
（因为在说话时，我已经知道你在巴黎了。这句话指的是说话之前，所以只
能用过去时表示。实际上，这句话暗指：But now I know you are here.）
I thought you were ill. 我以为你病了呢。
（这句话应是在说话之前，我以为你病了。但是现在我知道你没病）
4、wish, wonder, think, hope等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等，而一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。
Eg I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。
Christine was an invalid all her life.（含义：她已不在人间。）
Christine has been an invalid all her life.（含义：她现在还活着）
Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years.
（含义：达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州）
Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years.
（含义：现在还住在肯塔基州，有可能指刚离去）
5、用过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气。
①动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend等。
Eg Did you want anything else? 您还要些什么吗？
I wondered if you could help me. 能不能帮我一下。
②情态动词could, would。
Eg Could you lend me your bike? 你的自行车，能借用一些吗？
6、特殊句型：
到……时间了”；“该……了”。
①It is time for sb. to do sth “
Eg It is time for you to go to bed.你该睡觉了。
时间已迟了”；“早该……了”，
② It is time that sb. did sth. “
Eg It is time you went to bed.你早该睡觉了。
③ would （had）rather sb. did sth.表示“宁愿某人做某事”。
Eg I'd rather you came tomorrow.还是明天来吧。
三、小结：
与一般过去时连用的连词有：last night, yesterday, last week, some years ago, in 1995, the other day, at that time, just now等.
过去进行时
一、过去进行时的基本构成：
was /were + 现在分词
二、过去进行时的基本用法：
1、过去进行时主要表示过去某个时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作，常和表示过
去时间的状语then，at this（that）time，yesterday，at nine，last night等连用。但在不少情况下，没有表示时间的状语，这时需要通过上下文来表示。
Eg What were you doing at nine last night？昨晚九点时，你在做什么？
—I called you yesterday afternoon but there was no answer.
昨天下午我打电话给你，但是没有人接电话。
—I was visiting a friend of mine most of the afternoon.
我昨天下午大部分时间，都在一个朋友家里。
We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.
昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。
What was he researching all day last Sunday?
上周日他一整天都在研究什么？
My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself
.我哥哥骑自行车的时候从车上摔下来，受伤了。
It was raining when they left the station.
他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨。
When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.
当我到达山顶的时候，阳光灿烂。
2、当两个一长一短的动作在过去某时间同时发生时，用过去进行时表示较长
的动作。过去进行时可用于主句，也可用于从句。
Eg It was raining hard when I left my office.当我离开办公室时，雨下得正大。
When you called，I was eating.你打电话时，我正在吃饭。
When I was cleaning the windows，my brother was sweeping the floor. （当）我在擦窗户的时候，我弟弟在拖地。
Some students were playing football，while others were running round the track. 一些学生在踢足球，同时别的学生正在跑道上跑步。
We were walking along the river when（suddenly）It rained.
我们沿着河边散步，突然下起雨来。
They were watching TV when the lights went out.
停电时，他们刚好在看电视。（注意：同上例）
3、过去进行时表示过去将来的动作
现在进行时可以表示将来的动作，同样，过去进行时也可以表示从过去某
时间看来将要发生的动作。常用在间接引语中。
Eg He was leaving early the next morning.他第二天一早就要离开此地了。She asked him whether he was coming back to lunch.
她问他晚饭是否准备回来吃。
4、在复合句中，如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发生的，那么主从
句的动词都可用过去进行时。
Eg While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.
他边等车边看报。(两个动作都是延续的)
He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.
他擦车时我在做饭。(两个动作同时进行
被动语态
一、被动语态在各种时态中的结构
一般现在时：be done（be随人称变化）
一般过去时：was/were done
一般将来时：will be done
现在进行时：be being done（前面的be随人称变化，后面的being固定）
过去进行时：was/were being done（being固定）
现在完成时：have/has been done
过去完成时：had been done
过去将来时：would be done
将来完成时：will have been done
将来进行时：will be being done（being固定）
将来完成进行时：will have been being done
现在完成进行时：have been being done
过去将来完成时：would have been done
过去完成进行时：had been being done
过去将来进行时：would be being done
过去将来完成进行时：would have been being done
二、被动语态的基本用法：
被动语态表示一种主语和谓语之间的关系，当主语是动作的承受者时，就需要用到被动语态，汉语中所说的，“汽车被撞坏了”“钢笔被修好了” 等句子就是一种被动语态的句子，在汉语中常用“被”“由”等词来表示这种被动语态。在英语中则用动词的被动
语态形式来表示。被动语态中还可用by 短语加在句后表示被动语态中动作的发出者。
也就是谓语动词动作的逻辑上的主语，被动语态常用在下列情况。
1、不知道谁是谓语动词动作的执行者时，或者没有必要说出谁是执行者时。
Eg The glass was broken last night. 玻璃昨天被打破了。
His bike has been stolen. 他的自行车被偷了。
He was asked to go there once more. 他被要求再去那儿一次。
The bag was put into the box. 袋子放在了箱子里。
2、为了强调或突出动作的承受者时。
Eg The plan has been sent to the headmaster. 计划已经送给校长了。
Killington was elected the President of U.S.A. 克林顿被选为美国总统。
Five people were hurt in the explosion. 五个人在这次爆炸中受伤。
A new building was set up in a short time. 新大楼短期就建成了。
3、被动语态也可以说出动作的执行者，构成如下：
动作承受者+ be + 过去分词+ by + 动作执行者。
Eg The picture was praised by everybody. 照片得到了大家的好评。
The classroom was cleaned by us. 教室被我们打扫过。
The bridge was built by workers from Shanxi. 这座桥是山西的工人建的。
The little boy was found by the police. 小孩被警察找到了。
三、特殊现象
1、不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态：
appear, die disappear, end (vi. 结束), fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand,break
out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place.
Eg After the fire, very little remained of my house.
比较：rise, fall, happen是不及物动词；raise, seat是及物动词。
① (错) The price has been risen. (对) The price has risen.
② (错) The accident was happened last week.(对) The accident happened last week.
③ (错) The price has raised.(对) The price has been raised.
④ (错) Please seat.(对) Please be seated.
要想正确地使用被动语态，就须注意哪些动词是及物的，哪些是不及物的。特别是一
词多义的动词往往有两种用法。解决这一问题唯有在学习过程中多留意积累。
2、不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语：
fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch agree with, arrive at / in, shake
hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to
EgThis key just fits the lock.
Your story agrees with what had already been heard.
3、系动词无被动语态：
appear, be become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn EgIt sounds good.
The steel feels cold
The method proved (to be ) effective.
It has gone bad.
4、当宾语是不定式时，很少用于被动语态。
Eg (对) She likes to swim.
(错) To swim is liked by her.
5、“be+过去分词”并不一定都是被动语态，有时是系表结构。当“be+过去分词”表示动作时
为被动语态，be是助动词，be后面的过去分词是主要动词，动作的对象是主语；当“be +过去分词”表示主语所处的状态时为系表结构，be是连系动词。be后面的过去分词是表语，相当于形容词。其区分办法如下：
①如果强调动作或句中有介词by引导出动作的执行者，该句一般为被动语态，否则为系表
结构。
Eg The glass is broken．玻璃杯碎了。（系表结构）
The glass was broken by the boy．玻璃杯被那男孩打碎了。（被动语态）
②．如果句中有地点、频率或时间状语时，一般为被动语态。
Eg The magazine is published in Shanghai．这家杂志出版于上海。（被动语态）The door is locked．门锁着。（系表结构）
The door has already/just been locked．门已经/刚刚被锁上。（被动语态）
The shop is opened．这家商店开门了。（系表结构）
The shop is opened at 8 a.m. everyday．这家商店每天上午八点开门。（被动语态
③被动语态除用于一般时态和完成时态外，还可以用于其他各种时态，而系表结构中的系
动词be只有一般时态和完成时态。
Eg The machine is being repaired．机器正在修。
A new school will be built here．这里将要建一所新学校。
6、carry,cut,drive,iron,keep,lock,open,pick,read,sell,shut,tear,wash,wear,write等等。这类动
词既能作及物动词，也能作不及物动词。作不及物动词时，形式上虽为主动，却表示被
动意义。
Eg Meat cuts easily.肉容易切。
His novel sells well. 他的小说畅销。
The car drove easily. 这车很容易开。
Your pen writes quite smoothly. 你的笔写起来很滑。
The coat dries easily 这种外衣容易干
这门锁不上
The door won’t lock
Food can keep fresh in a fridge食物在冰箱里能保鲜
Your speech reads well.你的演说讲得好
在上述句子中，主语通常指物，起动作承受者的作用，也可以说是不及物动词的逻辑宾
语。但是有时也有用人称主语的。
Eg 比较：The girl does not photograph well.这女孩不上像。
The girl has not been photographed well.这女孩的照片没拍好。
7、某些感觉动词的主动态表示被动意义。
Eg This shirt feels much softer than that one.
这件衬衫比那件衬衫摸起来柔软得多
That book smells old. 那本书有一股霉味。
These oranges taste nice. 这些橙子味道很好。
以上这些动词都不能用进行时表示。若用进行时，则表示主动含义。
Eg The child is smelling the paint.小孩正在闻油漆的气味。
8、动词get, come, go之后接过去分词，表示被动意义。get的这种用法局限于口语和非
正式的书面语言，更强调动作的结果而非动作本身，并常用来表示突发性的、出乎意
料的偶然事件。而come和go常接含否定意义的过去分词。
Eg After working selflessly in here for several years, Mr Li got promoted at last.
李先生在此地无私地干了好几年，终于得到提升。
They got delayed because of the holiday traffic.由于节日交通阻塞，他们被耽误了。
The buttons on my coat came undone.我上衣的扣子松开了。
The woman’s complaints went unnoticed.那位女士的投诉无人理睬。
9、在need (want, require, deserve, etc.)doing句型中，动名词(doing)相当于动词不定式的被
动式(to be done)，在意思上没有多大差别。
Eg ①
The garden needs to be watered.花园需要浇水。
②
The problem requires to be studied with great care. 这个问题需要仔细研究。
③
These jobs want to be done at once.这些工作需要马上就做。
用法相似的结构还有bear doing, stand doing, be worth doing,习惯不用动词不定式。
Eg That won’t bear thinking of. 那是不堪想象的。
小女孩经不起批评。
The little g irl can’t stand criticizing.
The food is not worth eating. 这种饭菜不值一吃。
It”s well worth making the effort to learn how to do it.
很值得花一番功夫去学会怎么做这事。
值得注意的是，在be worth doing句型中，只能用动名词的主动式，而在be worthy to be done中，才能用动词不定式的被动式，两者不可混淆。
10、在某些性质形容词＋动词不定式的句型中，其动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。
（difficult, easy, hard, comfortable, pleasant, fit, unfit, light , heavy, good, safe , dangerous）
Eg The question is easy to answer.这问题容易回答。
That book is difficult to understand.那本书难懂。
在这种句型结构中，动词不定式和主语的关系实际上是一种逻辑上的动宾关系，可以说是动词不定式作主语变换来的，相当于It”s easy to answer the question.和It”s difficult to understand that book.由于把动词宾语放在主语位置，所以和不定式的关系构成一种被动
关系。
11、有些动词不定式不论用主动形式还是被动形式，动词不定式和主语的关系都是被动的。
Eg Nobody was to blame (to be blamed) for the accident.这个事故，谁也不能责怪。
The house is to let (to be let).这房子出租。
There are a lot of books to read (to be read).有许多书要读。
Those cars are to rent (to be rented).那些汽车出租。
12、带双宾语的动词的主动语态与被动语态
谓语动词带双宾语时，既可将间接宾语转化成主语，也可以将直接宾语转化成主语。当用直接宾语作主语时，要根据动词的习惯配搭，要在间接宾语前补上介词to 或for. (直接宾语指物，间接宾语指人)
give, buy, sell, take, bring, make, hand, pass, keep, send, write, sing, find, mend, read，show 等带双宾语的动词，改为被动语态，，它们的句型主要有以下几个：
give sth to sb. = give sb sth. buy sth for sb. = buy sb sth.
sell sth to sb. = sell sb sth. Take sth to sb. = take sb sth.
bring sth to sb. = bring sb sth. make sth for sb. = make sb sth.
hand sth to sb. = hand sb sth. Pass sth to s b. = pass sb sth.
keep sth for sb. = keep sb sth. end sth to sb. = send sb sth.
write sth to sb. = write sb sth. sing sth for sb. = sing sb sth.
find sth for sb. = find sb sth. mend sth for sb. = mend sb sth.
read sth for/to sb. = read sb sth. show sth to sb. = show sb sth.
Eg ① He passed me some paper.(主动)
－Some paper was passed to me by him.（被动）
② You must keep some fruit for him.(主动)
－Some fruit must be kept for him.（被动）
③ She gave me a book
－I was given a book
－A book was given to me
13、短语动词变位被动语态
许多有不及物动词和介词，副词构成的短语动词，相当于及物动词，可以有宾语，
也可以变被动语态。但是短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在变为被动语态时，不
可丢掉构成短语动词的介词或者副词。
Eg We should speak to old men politely
－Old men should be spoken to politely
14、带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态
宾语加上宾语补足语以其构成复合宾语。变被动语态直把宾语变为被动语态的主语，
宾语补足语保留在原处，变成主语补足语。
Eg I heard Jane playing the piano in her room.
－Jane was heard playing the piano in her room
15、被动语态后动词形式的选择
主动句中在感官动词see, hear, watch, feel ,notice等，及使役动词let, make ,have等后跟省略to的不定式，变为被动语态时，应加上不定式符号to.
Eg ① He makes the girl stay at home
－The girl is made to stay at home
② Last Sunday we heard them sing Peking Opera in the theatre
－They were heard to sing Peking Opera in that theater last Sunday.
一般过去时的被动语态学习三要素 一、掌握一般过去时的被动语态的概念及构成 一般过去时的被动语态表示过去某一时间的被动动作或过去经常性、习惯性的被动动作，由“主语+ was / were + 及物动词的过去分词+ by + 动作执行者”构成，无需说明动作执行者时可省去“by + 动作执行者”。句中主语就是原主动语态的宾语，动作执行者就是原主动语态的主语。was, were的使用由主语的单复数形式而定，主语为第三人称单数名词、代词或I时用was, 主语为复数名词、代词they或you时用were。如： This bridge was built in October last year. 这座桥是去年十月份建的。 These cakes were made by my mother last night. 这些蛋糕是我妈妈昨天晚上做的。 The girl said she was often beaten by her brother. 女孩说她经常被她兄弟打。 二、掌握一般过去时的被动语态句型的变换方法 一般过去时被动语态句型变换应围绕was, were进行，否定形式应在其后加not, 一般疑问句形式应将其提至句首，特殊疑问句形式应将一般疑问句置于特殊疑问词后面，反意疑问句形式应保留was / were。如： His computer was not stolen by thieves last night. 他的电脑昨天晚上没有被小偷偷走。 Was your homework finished in time yesterday evening? 昨天晚上你及时完成家庭作业了吗？When was your letter written? The day before yesterday? 你的信是什么时候写的？前天吗？Why was this problem not worked out by you? 为什么你没有解出这道试题？ Your bike was not repaired last night, was it? 你的自行车昨晚没有被修理，是吗？ 三、掌握一般过去时的被动语态疑问句的回答方法 一般过去时的被动语态的一般疑问句形式肯定回答用“Yes, ... was / were.”，否定回答用“No, ... wasn’t / weren’t.”; 特殊疑问句应抓住特殊疑问词进行回答，可用简略方法，也可用完整方法; 反意疑问句也应用“Yes, ... was / were.”或“No, ... wasn’t / weren’t.”进行回答。如： —Was your office cleaned yesterday afternoon? 你的办公室昨天下午打扫了吗？ —Yes, it was. / No, it wasn’t. 是的，打扫了。/ 不，没有打扫。 —Were your rooms painted again last week? 你的房间上周重新粉刷了吗？ —Yes, they were. / No, they weren’t. 是的，重新粉刷了。/ 不，没有重新粉刷。 —When was your brother sent to work in Beijing? 你兄弟是什么时候被派到北京去工作的？—Last year. / He was sent to work in Beijing last year. 去年。/ 他是去年被派到北京工作的。—Where was the party held last Sunday? 上周日聚会在哪儿举行的？ —At home. / It was held at home. 在家里。/ 在家里举行的。 —Your debt was paid off at last, wasn’t it? 你所欠的债最终被还清了，是吗？ —Yes, it was. / No, it wasn’t. 是的，被还清了。/ 不，没有被还清。 1 / 1 天仁集团版权所有禁止转载https://www.doczj.com/doc/2814538779.html,
动词被动语态经典例题经典 一、动词被动语态 1．—Oh, your room is too dirty, Mike! —Sorry, Mum. It yesterday. I forgot to do it. A. didn't clean B. isn't cleaned C. was cleaned D. wasn't cleaned 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：——哦，你的房间是太脏了，Mike！——对不起，妈妈。昨天房间没有打扫，我忘记了。it代指room，是动作clean的承受者，所以用被动语态，时态是一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，结构是was/were+动词过去分词，主语是it，所以用was，clean的过去分词是cleaned，根据 I forgot to do it.可知没有打扫房间，所以用wasn't，故选D。 【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态，注意平时识记，理解句意。 2．To make our city more beautiful, rubbish _________ into the river. A. needn't be thrown B. can't thrown C. mustn't be thrown D. may not thrown 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】为了使我们的城市更美丽，禁止往河里扔垃圾。根据语境，本句的主语是动作的承受者，应用被动语态。另外，表示禁止、不允许应用mustn’t。故选C。 3． ________of the relaxing time for Chinese people every day ________in watching TV. A. Two thirds; are spent B. Two thirds; is spent C. Two third; are spent D. Two third; is spent 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意为：中国人每天有2/3的休闲时间花在看电视上。英语中分数的表达为：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1时，序数词应加s。由于本句主语是“time（时间）”，是动作的承受者，应用被动语态，故选B。 【点评】考查序数词及被动语态。 4．Teenagers should ________ to take care of themselves from a young age. A. educate B. be educating C. have educated D. be educated 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意:我们应该从小时候就开始教育年轻人照顾自己。结合语境可知本句主语是动作对象，故用被动语态。选D。 5．A lot of trees around here every year and we can enjoy fresher air now.
一般过去时 一、一般过去时的基本构成 1、be动词的一般现在时形式：was , were 2、其他动词用过去式的形式 二、一般过去时的基本用法 1、在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。例如：时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。 Eg ① He didn't finish his homework yesterday. ② We visited the factory last week. 2、表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。因此在这类句子中，经常 使用always，often，once a month等表示事情发生频度的时间状语。 ① When I was a child, I often played football in the street. ② Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome. 那时，布朗一家无论什么时候去，都受到热烈欢迎。 **表示过去经常性的、习惯性的动作也可以用used to do 来表示。（强调现在已经不这样了） Eg I used to get up early in the morning. 3、有些句子，虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语，但实际上是指过去发生的动 作或存在的状态的话，也要用过去时。 Eg I didn’t know you were in Paris. 我不知道你在巴黎。 （因为在说话时，我已经知道你在巴黎了。这句话指的是说话之前，所以只能用过去时表示。实际上，这句话暗指：But now I know you are here.） I thought you were ill. 我以为你病了呢。 （这句话应是在说话之前，我以为你病了。但是现在我知道你没病） 4、wish, wonder, think, hope等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等，而一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。 Eg I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。 Christine was an invalid all her life.（含义：她已不在人间。） Christine has been an invalid all her life.（含义：她现在还活着） Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. （含义：达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州） Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. （含义：现在还住在肯塔基州，有可能指刚离去） 5、用过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气。 ①动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend等。 Eg Did you want anything else? 您还要些什么吗？ I wondered if you could help me. 能不能帮我一下。 ②情态动词could, would。 Eg Could you lend me your bike? 你的自行车，能借用一些吗？ 6、特殊句型： ①It is time for sb. to do sth “到……时间了”；“该……了”。 Eg It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。
一般现在时和一般过去时练习（）一、将下列句子改为被动结构： anqing bought a color TV set .______________________________________________________________ xiang mended his watch last night .________________________________________________________ made a big cake for us yesterday .________________________________________________________ painted the table green last week .__________________________________________________________ found some money lying on the floor .______________________________________________________ showed me her new skirt . _________________________________________________________________ mother made him do his homework carefully ._________________________________________________ 8. Myuncleusedupallofhismoney. _____________________________________________________________ 9. Hetoldmetowaitforhimattheschool 10. Johndidn’tanswerallthephones. ____________________________________________________________ 11. Hedidn’tseemeinthestreetyesterday.________________________________________________________ 12. DidMikebreaktheglass ___________________________________________________________________ 二、用正确的时态和语态填空 1. It is a fine day. The sun _________________(shine) brightly. 2. The students _______ often __________(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs. 3. Mr Brown _________________(live) in Beijing since he came to China. 4. The Smiths _________________( watch) TV at this time last night. 5. The teacher said that the moon __________(go) round the earth. 6. Apples _________________(grow) in this farm. 7. Russian _____________ (learn)as the second language by some students in China. 8. The Young Pioneers will go to the zoo if it ______________(not rain) this Sunday. 9. Listen! They _______________(talk) about the new film. 10. My mobile phone _______________(steal) on a bus last week. 11. The Greens _________________(watch) TV now. 12. He said that he ___________________(ring) me up when he got there. 13. We _________________(learn) English for about three years. 14. The red skirt _____________(cost) the girl forty yuan. 15. You _______________(can catch) the early bus if you get up early. 16. I’ll go home as soon as I ______________(finish) my homework. 17. The cinema _______________ (bulid) in 1985. 18. Most science books are _________________(write) in English. 三、按要求改写下列句子 tea grown in South China（改为主动语态）_______ people _________ tea in South China am given a present by my parents every year．（同义句转换） A present __________ _________ __________ __________by my parents every year练习． 3. People use metal for making machines. (改为被动语态) Metal __________ ___________ __________making machines. 4. He asked me do that for him. (改为被动语态) I _________ __________ __________ _________ that for him. 5. Did they construct reconnect here a year ago (改为被动语态) __________ a reconnect ____________ here by them a year ago 6. We call the game “Lianliankan”. (改为被动语态) The game __________ ___________ “Lianliankan” by us.
一般过去式的构成形式： (1)过去某个特定时间发生，也可以表示(2)过去习惯性的动作。一般过去时不强调动作对现在的影响，只说明过去。 (1) He smoked many cigarettes a day until he gave up. 他没有戒烟的那阵子，抽烟抽得可凶了。 (2) 一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语或从句连用，如：yesterday, last week, in 1993, at that time, once, during the war, before, a few days ago, when 等等。 注：“过去”的概念并不是只指如“yesterday, last week,…”等，实际上“与现在对立的过去”，亦即“非现在的以前”，哪怕是“过了说话时间的几分钟之前”，只要所要表达的时间与说话时的“现在”形成对立，就必须使用一般过去时来表达。在谈到已死去的人的情况时，多用过去时。 例如： He was here only a few minutes ago.（仅仅几分钟前他还在这里。） I came home just now.（我刚回到家。） I got up very early this morning.（今天早晨我起床很早。） He was late for school again today.（今天他又迟到了。） 补充内容： 1句子中谓语动词是用一般过去时还是用现在完成时，取决于动作是否对现在有影响. Have you had your lunch? 你吃过午饭了吗？（你现在不饿吗？） Yes, I have. 是的，我已经吃过了。（已经吃饱了，不想再吃了。） When did you have it? 你是什么时候吃的？（关心的是吃的动作发生在何时。）I had it about ten minutes ago. 我大约是十分钟以前吃的。 Used to do something 表示过去常做而现在已经停止了的习惯动作。)
（英语）英语动词被动语态试题经典及解析 一、动词被动语态 1．John can't go to the party on Thursday because he to go out on school nights. A. allowed B. is allowed C. isn't allowed 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】be+动词的过去分词构成被动语态，其否定形式为be+not+动词过去分词，句意：John不能参加周四的聚会，因为他在工作日的晚上不被允许外出。故选C。【点评】考查被动语态的用法。 2．—It's reported that 31 of the brave young men ________ in a big forest fire in Sichuan. —I don't know who they are, but I know who they are for. A. were killing B. were killed C. killed D. had killed 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——据报道，31名勇敢的年轻人在四川的一场森林大火中丧生。——我不知道他们是谁，但我知道他们是为了谁。根据 It's reported 据报道，可知动作为过去发生；再根据主语men和动词kill之间的动宾关系可知，本句应用一般过去时的被动语态were+过去分词，kill的过去分词为killed。故选A。 【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态。注意掌握一般过去时的被动语态were/was+过去分词，表“过去被……”。 3．This book ________________ by children. A. loves B. loved C. is loved 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：这本书深受孩子们的喜爱。主语this book和动词love是被动关系，可知此句是一般现在时的被动语态，其构成为am/ is/ are done，主语是the book，用is，故选C。 【点评】此题考查一般现在时的被动语态。注意一般现在时被动语态的结构。 4．Look at the picture. The top five TV plays ________ in it. A. list B. are listed C. will list D. will be listed 【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意：看这张图片，最好的五个电视剧在上面列出了。The top five TV plays应该是被列出来的，用被动语态被+过去分词；由“Look at the picture”得知是一般现在时，因此为一般现在时的被动语态，故答案选B。 【点评】考查动词的时态和语态。注意主语与谓语动词之间的关系。 5．Last year, five Chinese teachers to a school in the UK to teach the British students in Chinese style for four weeks.
Guidance Case for Book 14 Unit5 Part 3被动语态 Class______ Group ________ Name_______ date________ Aims: 1. 学生将能够利用被动语态的基本结构，做会一般过去时和一般将来时的被动语态习题。 2. 学生将能够完全掌握被动语态的基本结构。 3. 学生将能够复习一部分不规则动词的过去分词变法。 Steps: 展标---导学---独学---小组活动---课堂检测 Step 1 请根据所给动词和句意思，以其适当形式填空： 1.The new building ________ in two years. (find) 2.Where _______ the trees ______ by you? (plant) 3.When ________ the party _______? (hold) 4.The e-mail _______ to her last night. (send) 5.Girls __________ into four groups yesterday. (divide) 6.Mary _________ many flowers in the garden last year. (plant) 7.Many flowers __________ in the garden last year. (plant) 8.Harry Potter _________ by me for several times in my childhood. (read) 9.English __________ once a week next year. (learn) 10.Your parents _________ me feel happy last night. (make) 11.I ___________ feel happy by your parents. (make) 12.Baby _________ by Justin Bieber. (sing) 13. A new book ________ in the future by Anne. (publish) 14.My parents __________ me a scooter as my birthday present. (give) 15. A scooter __________ me by my parents as my birthday present. (give) 16.Your schoolbag ___________ at home this morning. (forget) 17.My mother __________ to school yesterday. (call) 18.Nothing could _________ if you dream of it all day long. (do) 19.Time _________ by us to do nothing important. (waste) 20.Lin Li _________ his homework with his classmate at school. (do) 21.Many picture _________ by young Tom. (draw) 22.These old photos _________by my dad. (take) 23.The biggest kite which is the highest in the sky _________ by my father. (fly) 24.I _________ to do my homework by myself. (tell) 25.Lily _________ to go home earlier by her mother the day before yesterday. (tell) 26.Good stories _________ by old people. (tell) 27.What __________ on the ground? (put) 28._________ song _________ by Lucy at the party? 29.Where _________ the book ________ by you? (hide) 30.Whose schoolbag ____________ at school? (leave) Step 2单项选择： 1.English __________ well by Zhang Fang. A.is speak B. was spoken C. was spoke D. is spoke 2.This photo _________ in 1997 in Beijing University by my teacher. A.is taken B. be taken C. was taken D. was took 3.My Chinese book _________ to Tom the day before yesterday. A.was lent B. was lended C. was borrowed D. is borrowed
动词被动语态知识点总结（word）1 一、动词被动语态 1．In order to make Dandong more beautiful, more trees and flowers ________ every year. A. will plant B. should plant C. should be planted D. must plant 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：为了使丹东更漂亮，应该每年种植更多的树木和花。A.主动语态的将来;B.有情态动词的主动语态;C.有情态动词的被动语态;D.必须种植。主语和谓语动词之间是动宾关系所以用被动结构，合有情态动词的被动结构是情态动词+be done。故选C。 2．Look at the flowers on both sides of the streets. They____ last month. A. were planted B. are planted C. are planting D. were planting 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：看街道两边的花，它们在上个月种植的。A.一般过去时的被动语态；B.一般现在时的被动语态；C.现在进行时；D.过去进行时。主语they是动作plant的承受者，所以用被动语态，根据last month，可知用一般过去时的被动语态，结构是was/were +动词过去分词，主语they是复数，所以用were，plant的过去分词是planted，故答案选A。 【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态，注意识记其结构及动词过去分词。 3．—Is everything ____ we need to do ____? —Yes. You needn't worry about it. A. which; has done B. which; doing C. that; has done D. that; done 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：—我们所需要做的一切都做了吗？—是的，你们不必担心。本题考查定语从句和被动语态。在定语从句中，当先行词是everything时，关系代词用that。第二个空用done，和Is构成被动结构，故答案为D. 【点评】此题考查定语从句和被动语态。 4．Teenagers have to be 18 years old before they to drive a car．（） A. are allowed B. allowed C. will be allowed D. allow 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】青少年在允许开车之前必须满十八岁．表达的是客观事实用一般现在时，主语they是allow的承受者，allow sb to do sth，故用被动语态sb be allowed to do sth，故答案是A．
一般现在时的被动语 态 Revised on November 25, 2020
一般现在时的被动语态： 承受者+be{is/am/are +done(过去分词) by+执行者 . .： Many schools are built(done) every year in the city. note： {地点状语，时间状语一般都放在句末;in the city 特指 其中 be 的使用取决于主语的单复形式。 A lot of修饰可数和不可数名词 Many修饰可数名词转自环球网校 Mach修饰不可数名词 主动： They all read(原形) English every day. 被动：English read (过去分词)by all of them every day. 主动：Mother often scolds me. 被动：I am often scolded by mother. 一般过去式的被动语态： 承受者+be{was/were +done(过去分词) by+执行者 (不明确可省略)。 .：主动：He repaired his bike yesterday. 被动：His bike was repaired by him yesterday. 主动：Children cleaned many streets last Sunday. 被动：Many streets were cleaned by children last Sunday. 现在进行时的被动语态： 承受者+be{is/am/are being(现在分词)done by+执行者 (不明确可省略)。 . 主动： He is writing his composition. 被动：His composition is being written by him. Note： write/wrote/wtitten 过去进行时的被动语态：
被动语态 一. 概念：表示动作与主语之间是被动关系的句子是被动语 态。 二. 主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换 三. 各种不同时态的主动语态与被动语态的对比 时态主动语态被动语态 一般现在时 am / is / are + P.P. （1）Do they speak French ? （2）They don’t use the room . Is French spoken by them ? The room isn’t used by them . 一般过去时 was / were + p.p. （1）The hunter killed a tiger . （2）He wrote many stories last year . A tiger was killed by the hunter . Many stories were written by him last year . 四. 如何正确使用被动语态 1. 有些动词带有两个宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语，变被动语态时，可把其中一个宾语变成主 语，另一个留在被动结构谓语后面。需要注意的是：若把直接宾语变成被动语态的主语，需要在间接宾语之间加上介词“to”。 eg. He often tells us interesting stories . （主动语态） The interesting stories are often told to us by him.（被动语态） ▲常带双宾语的词有：tell , show , lend , pass等。 2. 在主动语态中，某些动词之后带有复合宾语，即宾语和宾语补足语，这个复合宾语由动词不 定式来充当，to被省略，但在被动语态中，这个to还要还原。 eg. I often hear her sing this popular song . （主动语态） She is often heard to sing this popular song .（被动语态） ▲有这种用法的常用动词有：make , let , see , hear , watch , feel , notice等。 3. 有些“be +过去分词”的结构并不是被动语态，它们有可能是“系表结构（即系动词之后由过 去分词来充当表语）。”区别是被动语态强调动作，系表结构强调状态。
成才教育九年级语法（被动语态）专项练习 九年级英语上册课本第七、八、九模块分别学习了一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时的被动语态。 被动语态的基本构成形式：be + 动词过去分词。 主动语态强调动作的发出者，而被动语态则强调动作的承受者。 例如：Children love this book.（主动语态，强调孩子们） This book is loved by children.（被动语态，强调书） 一、一般现在时的被动语态： 一般现在时被动语态各类句式： 1、肯定句：主语+ am/ is /are + 动词过去分词（+ by + 动作执行者） This song is still loved by many young people today. 2、否定句：主语+ am/ is /are + not + 动词过去分词（+ by + 动作执行者） This camera is not made by Japan. 3、一般疑问句：Am/ Is/ Are + 主语+ 动词过去分词（+ by + 动作执行者） Is this film called Snow White? 4、特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ Am/ Is/ Are + 主语+ 动词过去分词（+ by + 动作执行者） How many people are mentioned in the conversation? (注意主语与an is are 的位置，可能会根据特殊疑问词不同进行互换) 二、一般过去时被动语态：（成才教育，助你成功！） 一般过去时被动语态肯定句式结构： 主语+ was/were + 动词过去分词（+ by + 动作执行者） 其他句式与一般现在时类似。 三、一般将来时被动语态：（成才教育，助你成功！） 一般将来时被动语态肯定句式结构： 主语+ will/ is going to /are going to + be + 动词过去分词（+ by + 动作执行者）其他句式结构与一般现在时类似。 一、选择专项训练： ( )1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year? A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did build ( )2. An accident ____ on this road last week. A. has been happened B. was happened
被动语态语法讲解 被动语态的用法： 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者 is / am / are + 及物 动词 的过去分 词 Our classroom is cleaned everyday. was / were + 及物 动词 的过去分词 A new shop was built last year. has / have + been + 及物 动词 的 过去分 词 This book has been translated into many Ian guages. 4. 过去完成 时的被 动语态：had been + 及物动词 的过去分词The dish had been eaten up when I got there. 5. 一般将来时 的被动语态:will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词A new hospital will be built in our city. 6. 含有情 态动词 的被 动语态：情态动词+ be + 及物动词 的过去分词You ng trees must be watered often. 7. 现在进行时的被动语态：am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词 Uncle Wang is mending my bike now. My bike is being repaired by Tom now. 8.不定式的被 动语态：to + be + 及物动词的过去分词 There are two books to be read. There are twenty more trees to be pla nted. 二、 怎样把主动语态改成被动语态？ 把主动语态改为被动语态非常简单，可以遵循以下几 个步骤： 1.先找出谓语动词； 2.再找出谓语动词后的宾语； 3. 把宾语用作被动语态中的主语； 4.注意人称、时态和数的变化。 例: 1. Bruce writes a letter every week. A letter is writte n by Bruce every week. 三、 使用被动语态应注意的几个问题： 1. 不及物动词无被动语态。 What will happen in 100 years. 2. 有些动词用主动形式表示被 动意义。This pen writes well. His novel sells well. 他的小说畅销。 3. 感官动词或使役动词使用省略to 的动词不定式，主动语态中不带to ，但变为被动语态时，须加上to 。 例: make somebody do something someb ody+ be +made to do something 4. 如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时，直接宾语（物）作主语，那么动词后要用介词，这个介词是 由与其搭配的动词 决定 He gave me a book. A book was given to me by him. 5. 一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应当看作一个整体，而不能 丢掉其中的介 词或副词。 We can' t laugh at him. He can ' t be laugh at by us. 一、 以下不及物 动词或动词短语无被动语态： appear, die ,disappear, end, fail, happe n, last, lie, rema in, break out, come true, fall asleep, take place. 比较 : rise, fall, happen 是不及物 动词;raise, seat 是及物 动词。 (令错)The price has bee n rise n. (对)The price has rise n. (令错)The price has raised. (对)The price has bee n raised. 二、 不能用于被 动语态的及物动词或动词短语： fit, marry, own, wish, cost,agree with, arrive at / in, succeed in, happen to, take part in, belong to 三、 系动词无被动语态： appear, be, become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, rema in, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn 1) It sounds good. 2) The steel feels cold 3) The method proved (to be ) effective. 四、 带同源宾语的及物动词(dream, live, life)，反身代 词(oneself)，相互代词(each other)，不能用于被 动语态: She dreamed a bad dream last night. He lives a p 五、 当宾语是不定式时，很少用于被 动语态。 (对)She likes to swim. 作错)To swim is liked by her. 1. 一般现在时的被动语态 2. 一般过去时的被动语态 3. 现在完成时的被动语态