1．掌握一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时的被动语态的构成和基本用法。
2．掌握带有can ，may ，must 等情态动词的被动语态的构成和基本用法。
一.被动语态的定义 语态是动词的一种形式，它表示主语和谓语的关系。
如果主语是动作的承受者，或者是说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的，则用被动语态。
口诀: 谁做动作不知道，说出谁做没有必要； 动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。
二.被动语态的构成
被动语态由“be+过去分词”构成，在句中be 动词要有人称和数的变化。
三.主动语态和被动语态的转换
(一)主动语态变被动语态 1．把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语，宾格变为主格。
2．把谓语变成被动结构(be+过去分词)。
3．把主动语态中的主语放在介词by 之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。
例如： He mended the bike yesterday ．→
主 谓 宾 、
The bike was mended by him yesterday ．
主 宾
(二)含有情态动词的被动语态
含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词+be+过去分词”构成，原来带to 情态动词变成被动语态后“to”要保留。
例如： We have to look after the dog ．→ The dog has to be looked after by us ．
(三)含有宾语补足语的被动语态
含有宾语补足语的句子，宾语变为主语后，宾语补足语改为主语补足语，原来的位置一般不变。例如：
We keep food cold in the fridge ．→ Food is kept cold in the fridge ．
注意：
主动句中的宾语补足语如果是不带to 的不定式，在变成被动句中的主语补足语时，to 不能省去。例如：
She heard him sing a song just now ．→ He was heard to sing a song just now ．
基础过关
1.—How beautiful your hometown is!
—Yes ，a number of trees ____ around Dazhou every year ．Our environment is getting better and better ．
A ．are plant
B ．are planted
C ．are planting
D ．were planted
【解析】答案为B 。本题考查的是一般现在时的被动语态。根据“every year(每年)”可判断用一般现在时，又因主语“a number of trees(大量的树)”是谓语动词“plant(种植)”的承受者，用被动语态，一般现在时的被动语态为：am ／is ／
are+done
2. —David，turn off the TV ____ no one is watching it．—But it ____ off already! The music is from the radio．A．so that；has been turned B．when；has turned C．if；has been turned D．because；has turned 【解析】答案为C。本题考查现在完成时的被动语态。第二句中的it指代的是前句所说的TV，故与turn off之间为被动关系，又因为already为现在完成时的标志，故排除B、D两项；又根据第一句话可知“如果没有人在看电视的话，就把电视关上吧。”
3. —Would you like to go to the movie with me —Sorry，I ____ to go out tonight．
A．won’t be allowed B．am allowed C．don’t allow D．will allow
【解析】答案为A。本题考查的是一般将来时的被动语态。be allowed to do sth．是“被允许做某事”的意思，根据句意“你愿意和我一起去看电影吗”“对不起，今晚我不被允许外出。”可知用被动语态的否定形式，根据tonight(今晚)判断用一般将来时，一般将来时被动语态的否定结构是：will not be+done，故选择A。
4.—Mom，can I go out to play basketball —Sure．But your homework ____ first．
A．must be finished B．must finish C．will finish D．finish
【解析】答案为A。本题考查的是含有情态动词的被动语态。主语“your homework(你的作业)”是谓语动词finish(完成)的承受者，其句意是“但是你的作业必须首先被完成。”用含有情态动词的被动语态的结构为：情态动词+be+done，故选择A。
5. It’s common knowledge that black tea ____ in China more than 600 years ago.
A．is invented B．was invented C．invents D．invented
【解析】答案为B。本题考查的是一般过去时的被动语态。根据“more than 600 years ago(600多年前)”判断用一般过去时，又因主语“black tea(红茶)”是谓语动词invent(发明)的承受者，故应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构是：was／were+done
能力提高
’t put off today’s work for tomorrow．I mean．today’s work ____today．
A．may do B．must do C．may be done D．must be done
【解析】不要把今天的工作推到明天，我的意思是今日的工作今日毕。因此应该用must ，work和do 的关系是被动。因此选择D。 I mean，是常见的插入语。
2. The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people to eat more fruit and vegetables. A．persuade B. will persuaded C. be persuaded Ｄ．are persuaded
[解析]尽管句中是指将来的事情，但条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时，在这时“如果人们被说服或被劝告……”含有被动之意，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。
3. Millions of pounds’ worth of damage by a storm which swept across the north of England last night. A．has been caused B. had been caused C．will be caused D. will have been caused
【解析】损失是暴风雨造成的，所以应该是被动。但如果被题干中的过去时迷惑而用过去完成时B选项就错了。暴风雨是昨晚发生的事情，但是由此造成的影响还在继续，所以应当用现在完成时的被动语态。
4. The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work of the Beijing Olympics by 201
5.
A. has been completed
B. has completed
C. will have been completed
D. will have completed
【解析】题干中有明显的时间状语by 2015，是一个将来的时间。短语by+将来时间和将来完成时连用，同时construction 和complete 是被动关系，故用将来完成时的被动语态。
5. Mary go shopping with Tom in Qingdao last week
A．was seen to B．was seen C．has been see D．has seen to
【解析】 see sb. do sth. 看到某人做某事。被动的时候to 要加回来。所以应该是 sb. be seen to do sth. last week 是一个很明显的过去时的时间状语。所以用be 动词的过去形式，was/were Mary 是第三人称所以用was.
1.被动语态介词固定搭配不能省略。
He has thought of a way of solving the problem.
A way of solving the problem has been thought of.
out/ happen/ take place/ arrive/ become/ die/ disappear etc 不及物动词没有被动语态
The accident which happened yesterday surprised me.
3.带双宾语的动词give /send/bring/ take/teach/show/ tell/ make/ sing/ write/ sell/buy/ ask/ pay/ borrow/ lend/
hand/ offer/provide/ past/get/promise
变被动语态有两种方法：
1. I have given him the book.=He has been given the book.=The book has been given to him.
2. My father bought me a present on my last birthday.
(1)I was bought a present by my father on my last birthday.
(2)A present was bought for me by my father on my last birthday.
4、其他形式表示被动结构
“be+under/ in等介词+名词”结构可代替进行时被动语态。
The city is under attack at the moment=The city is being attacked at the moment .
The bridge is under repair.=The bridge is being repaired.
The problem is under discussion at the meeting. =The problem is being discussed .
5.表示状态特征的连系动词+adj./n., 用主动式表被动义。
(look, sound, feel, smell, taste, prove, appear,...)
The steel feels cold．=This kind of cloth feels soft.
That dog looks dangerous.
My advice proved to be wrong.
6) 表示主语的属性特征的动词+副词well/ badly/easily/smoothly,用主动式表被动义。
(read, write, sell, wash, clean, wear, open, cook, lock, shut, dry, eat,drink,...)
The pen writes smoothly．
The cloth washes well.
The poem reads smoothly.
The book sells well.
This shirt will wear very long.
The floor doesn’t clean easily.
This kind of rice cooks more quickly than that kind.
7) 作“需要”讲的
want/need/require doing
want/need/require to be done
Your jacket needs washing/ to be washed．
The plants want watering /to be watered every day.
The wall wants repairing /to be repaired.
基础过关
1. More patients _________in hospital this year than last year.
A．treated B. had treated C. had been treated D. have been treated
【解析】patients 是病人和治疗之间应该是被动语态。而今年与去年相比有更多的病人已经被治好。所以现在完成时的被动。
2. ---- The window is I know. It ________ for weeks.
A. hasn’t cleaned
B. didn’t clean
C. wasn’t cleaned
D. hasn’t been cleaned
【解析】for 是现在完成时的标志词，所以应该用现在完成时。窗户和清理之间应该是被动语态。答案为D
3. --- George and Lucy got married. Did you go to their wedding--- No, I ___________. Did they have a big wedding A．was not invited B. have not been invited C. hadn’t been invited D. didn’t invite
【解析】一般用什么时态提问用什么时态回答，did 是过去时的提问词。所以英语应用被动语态的过去时。选择A 4．Every possible means ____, but none ____ successful．
A．has tried; has proved B．tried; proves C. has been tried; proves D. is being tried; is proved 【解析】表示状态特征的连系动词+adj./n., 用主动式表被动义。 (look, sound, feel, smell, taste, prove, appear,...)各种方法已经被尝试，但是没有一个被证明是成功的。答案为C
question he asked is hard ____ ．
A. for answer
B. to answer C．to be answered D. answering
[解析]it is hard to do sth. 用主动表示被动。所以选择Ｂ
基础过关
1.—How beautiful your hometown is!
—Yes，a number of trees ____ around Dazhou every year．Our environment is getting better and better．A．are plant B．are planted C．are planting D．were planted
2. —David，turn off the TV ____ no one is watching it．—But it ____ off already! The music is from the radio．A．so that；has been turned B．when；has turned C．if；has been turned D．because；has turned
3. —Would you like to go to the movie with me —Sorry，I ____ to go out tonight．
A．won’t be allowed B．am allowed C．don’t allow D．will allow
4.—Mom，can I go out to play basketball —Sure．But your homework ____ first．
A．must be finished B．must finish C．will finish D．finish
5. It’s common knowledge that black tea ____ in China more than 600 years ago.
A．is invented B．was invented C．invents D．invented
’t put off today’s work for tomorrow．I mean．today’s work ____today．
A．may do B．must do C．may be done D．must be done
2. The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people to eat more fruit and vegetables. A．persuade B. will persuaded C. be persuaded Ｄ．are persuaded
3. Millions of pounds’ worth of damage by a storm which swept across the north of England last night. been caused B. had been caused C．will be caused D. will have been caused
4. The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work of the Beijing Olympics by 201
5.
A. has been completed
B. has completed
C. will have been completed
D. will have completed
5. Mary go shopping with Tom in Qingdao last week
A．was seen to B．was seen C．has been see D．has seen to
基础过关
1. More patients _________in hospital this year than last year.
A．treated B. had treated C. had been treated D. have been treated
2. ---- The window is I know. It ________ for weeks.
A. hasn’t cleaned
B. didn’t clean
C. wasn’t cleaned
D. hasn’t been cleaned
3. --- George and Lucy got married. Did you go to their wedding--- No, I ___________. Did they have a big wedding A．was not invited B. have not been invited C. hadn’t been invited D. didn’t invite 5．Every possible means ____, but none ____ successful．
A．has tried; has proved B．tried; proves C. has been tried; proves D. is being tried; is proved question he asked is hard ____ ．
A. for answer
B. to answer C．to be answered D. answering
1. Good books ____ again and again.
A. should be readed
B. should be read
C. must read
D. ought to read
2. The children ____ by the nurse.
A. were looked
B. looked after
C. were looked after
D. looked
3. He ___ some pieces of advice, but he ____ to them.
A. gave, didn't listen
B. was given, wasn't listened
C. give, wasn't listened
D. was given, didn't listen
4. When____ the accident _____
A. was, happen
B. did, happen
C. is, happen
D. was, happened
5. The question ____ by us soon.
A. is going to discuss
B. will discuss
C. is going to be discussed
D. has been discussed
6. The lab ____ about five years ago.
A. was builded
B. was built
C. builds
D. has been built
7. A lot of tall buildings _____ in his hometown in the last three years.
A. have set up
B. have been set up
C. were set up
D. set up
8. They ____ printing 500 copies by the end of last month.
A. had finished
B. have finished
C. had been finished
D. have been finished
9. Rice ___ also _____ in their hometown.
A. is…grown
B. is…grew
C. was…grew
D. was…grown
10. He ____ by the teachers.
A. is always praised
B. praises
C. have been praised
D. always is praised
11. Great changes ____ place. Many new schools____ .
A. have taken, have been opened
B. take, are open
C. are taken, open
D. have been taken, are opened
12. The picture______ in October, 1996.
A. was taking
B. had been taken
C. was taken
D. had taken
13. We can't use the bridge now, because it______ .
A. has been repaired
B. is repairing
C. is repaired
D. is being repaired
14. I ______the way to the railway station by a policeman.
A. was shown
B. showed
C. have shown
D. was showing
15. The war______ in 1941.
A. broke out
B. had been broken out
C. was broken out
D. had broken out
16. When water______ , it will be changed into vapor(蒸汽).
A. is heated
B. heating
C. has heated
D. heats
17. We can't enter the room because its door______ .
A. locked
B. locks
C. is locked
D. is locking
18. They ______day and night.
A. are made work
B. are made to work
C. made to be worked
D. are making to work
19. Chang'an Road is ______of people.
A. filled
B. fill
C. full
D. fulled
20. Man-made satellites ______into space by many countries.
A. was sent up
B. is sent up
C. have been sent up
D. has been sent up
1.We teach English in our school.
_____________________________________________________
2.They plant millions of trees on the hills every year.
_____________________________________________________
3.They built this bridge over a hundred years ago.
_____________________________________________________
4.People cut down thousands of trees in the 1960s.
_____________________________________________________
5.They will build two paper factories along the river next year.
_____________________________________________________
6.We will learn another language in two years.
_____________________________________________________
7.We must plant more trees along the river.
_____________________________________________________
8.We should stop people from cutting down trees.
_____________________________________________________
9.They are building two chimneys near our school.
_____________________________________________________
10.Are people destroying forests these years
_____________________________________________________
11.They have translated two books into Chinese.
_____________________________________________________
12.Many people have not realized the importance of protecting the environment.
_____________________________________________________
13.His father bought him a model rocket yesterday.
_____________________________________________________
14.He sent his mother many flowers on Mothers’ Day.
_____________________________________________________
语态是表示主语和动词之间的主动关系或被动关系的动词形式。英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者（施动者），被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者（受动者）。本单元的语法是一般将来时态的被动语态，现就其用法归纳如下： 一、一般将来时态的被动语态的基本结构的构成： 1．一般将来时态的被动语态的肯定式为：主语+shall / will + be done。(shall 用于第一人称，will用于各种人称) 如：We shall / will be punished if we break the rule. 如果我们违反规定，我们将要受到惩罚。 The new film will be shown next Thursday. 这部新电影将在下周四上映。 2．一般将来时态的被动语态的否定式为：主语+shall / will + not + be done.（可缩写成shan’t或won’t）如： The meeting won’t be held tomo rrow. 明天不再举行会议。 The exhibition won’t be put off till next week.
展览会将不会推迟到下周。 3．一般将来时态的被动语态的一般疑问句句式：shall / will+主语+be done。（回答用yes或no）如： Won’t water be turned into ice, i f it is below freezing temperature? 如果气温在冰点之下，水难道不会变成冰吗？ ---Will the work be finished at once? ---Yes, it will. ---这项工作会立刻被完成吗？---是的，立刻就完成。 4．一般将来时态的被动语态的特殊疑问句为：疑问词+ shall / will + 主语+ be done。如： When will these books be published? 这些书将在什么时候被出版？ 二、一般将来时态的被动语态的其他结构构成： 1．主语+be going to +be done Some old buildings are going to be put down. 一些旧的楼房将被推倒。 The problem isn’t going to be discussed at the meeting tomorrow.
英语中的被动语态及练习 1. 被动语态的基本时态变化 被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为： Visitors ___________(request) not to touch the exhibits. 2）was/were done 一般过去时 I ___________(give) ten minutes to decide which I should choose. All the preparations ___________ (complete). By the end of last year, another new gym ___________ (complete) in Beijing. A new cinema ___________ (build) here． 6）was/were being done 过去进行时 A meeting ___________ (hold) when I was there. Hundreds of jobs ___________ (lose) if the factory closes. 8）should/would be done 过去将来时 The news ___________ (send) to the soldier's mother. 9）shall/will have been done 将来完成时 The project ___________ (complete) before July. 10）should/would have been done 过去将来完成时 He told me that his new clothes ___________ (make) very soon. 2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式 The baby should ___________ (take) good care of by the baby-sitter.
模块八动词的被动语态 (1)被动语态定义：被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式,用来说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。 如果主语是动作的执行者(即某人做某事),便叫主动语态； 如果主语是动作的承受者(即某事被做),便叫被动语态。 主动与被动的区别不是词序的区别,而是主语与谓语意义上的区别。 在英语中只有及物动词和一些相当于及物动词的词组才有被动语态的形式。 (2)英语中被动语态由“助动词be +动词的过去分词”构成。助动 词be有时态、人称和数的变化。被动语态后的by短语有时可 (1) 被动语态的用法： ①不知道谁是动作的执行者(即不知道谁做)时用被动语态,省 略by短语。 如：A man was killed in the accident.(一个人死于事故) This window was broken yesterday.(这扇窗子是昨天被打破的) ②不说或者众所周知是谁做时,用被动语态,省略by短语。 如：Rice is also grown in this place.(这个地方也种水稻) A railroad will be built here in three years.(三年之后这里
将要修建一条铁路) ③强调动作的承受者,句尾加by短语。 如：It was written by Lu Xun.(它(书)是鲁迅写的) A pet dog is never killed by its owner.(宠物狗是不会被主 人宰杀的) (2) 主动语态如何改写为被动语态： + 受者) + (动作的承受者) (be +过去分词) (动作的执行者) (3) 注意点： ①“动词+间接宾语+直接宾语”改为被动时,可以用间接宾语做被动句的主语。如： His teacher gave him a dictionary. →He was given a dictionary by his teacher.(老师给他一本字典 →他得到老师一本字典) 也可以用直接宾语做被动句的主语,但是需用to或者for引出 原句的间接宾语。 如：His teacher gave him a dictionary. →A dictionary was given to．． him by his teacher.(老师给他一本 字典→一本字典由老师送给了他) /His father made him a kite. →A kite was made for ．．．him by his father.(他的父亲给他做了一个风筝→一个风筝由他的父亲做给了他) ②“动词+宾语+动词原形”改为被动时,动词原形前要加to. 如：The boss made the poor man work 12 hours a day. →The poor man was made to．． work 12 hours a day.(老板让这个可怜的人一天工作12小时→这个可怜人被迫一天工作12小时)
专项复习:被动语态 （Revision of the Passive Voice） 【复习目标】1.熟悉常用时态的被动语态； 2.在题目中正确理解和运用被动语态 【复习重点】常用时态的被动语态 【复习难点】各个考点 【复习步骤】 一．基本概念复习 1.总结概念：谓语动词的执行者作主语，用语态；若谓语动词的承受者作主语，用语态。 2.总结结构：be+ done (be动词可以随时态、人称数的变化而变化)
二．考点复习 考点一：含有可以带双宾语的动词的被动语态结构 1.在下列动词后，通常在间接宾语前用介词to: bring , give , lend , offer , pass , show , take , tell , send , teach等 2.在下列动词后，一般在间接宾语前用介词for buy , make , get , choose , cook , sing等 考点二：在感官动词see , watch , hear , notice , feel 及使役动词have , let , make等词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带to , 但变被动语态后要还原上to 。 考点三：含有动词短语的被动语态，切记不要将短语中的介词或副词忘掉或省略。 考点四：有些谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义 1.某些用来描述主语特征的不及物动词，常用其主动形式表达被动意义，这时主语通常是物。eg: sell , wash , read , write , 等 ?The books well． A. were sold B. sell C. have sold D. are being sold ?This coat _____ easily． A. has washed B. was washed C. washes D. is washed 2.表示状态特征的连系动词+ adj. / n.用主动形式表被动意义。eg: look , sound , feel , smell , taste 等 ①The steel(钢铁) _____ cold． A. is felt B. was feeling C. feels D. is being felt
英语被动语态用法详解(1) 一、单项选择被动语态 1．— Can we play basketball in the school gym? — No, it ______ during the summer holidays. A．is repaired B．is being repaired C．was repaired D．has been repaired 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查时态语态。句意：--我们可以在学校操场上打篮球吗？--不行，暑假期间操场正在被修葺。根据句意可知，这里是表示正在进行，所以要用现在进行时。主语it和动词之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态。故选B。 2．________scores of times, but Derek still couldn’t understand how to use past participle in a concrete situation. A．Having explained B．Having been explained C．Though it was explained D．It was explained 【答案】D 【解析】 因为有连词but，前面应是完整的句子，排除A,B; Though不能和but同时使用，所以选D。 3．(江苏四校第四次考试)The flood has caused a lot of damage to that area and the figures of the missing________shortly. A．will be published B．have been published C．had been published D．are published 【答案】A 【解析】 考查时态。shortly不久，不多时，在句中作时间状语，表示将来，所以空处应该用将来时。句意为：这场洪水给那一地区造成了很大损失，失踪人数很快就会公布。 答案：A 4．(桂林部分学校高三质量检测)The wet weather will continue tomorrow，when a cold front________to arrive. A．will be expected B．is expecting C．expects D．is expected 【答案】D 【解析】 考查动词的时态和语态。句意为：预计将有一股冷锋到来，因此潮湿的天气明天将会继
Introduction（被动语态） Handout (1) Ⅰ. Multiple choice. 1. These buildings ____ painted this time last year. A. were B. being C. have been D. were being 2. When ____ the composition ____ in? A. must, be handed B. should, handed C. must, hand D. does, handed 3. The suit ____ over $100. It will _____ at least 5 years. A. costs, last B. is cost, is lasted C. costs, is lasted D. is costed, last 4. Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where ____ yet. A. hasn’t been decided B. haven’t decided C. isn’t being decided D. aren’t decided 5. The boy who ____ cheating in the exam _____ by the head teacher. A. has caught, will be punished B. was caught, will be punished C. caught, is to be punished D. was caught, were punished 6. Great changes _____taken place in the city, and a lot of factories _______. A. have been, have been set up B. have, have been set up C. has, have set up D. were, were set up Ⅱ. Cloze 1. A new library ________________(build) in our city now. 2. We shall _______________ (ask) to attend the meeting. 3. He has worked in the factory since it ___________ (build) 10 years ago. 4. So far, many man-made satellites ______________(send)up into space. 5. The decision has to be ___________(make). 6. Sheep are ___________ (keep) by farmers for __________ (produce) wool and mutton. 7. Outer space ________ (not explore) by people before 1957. 8. Computer science ________________(teach) now almost in all universities and institutes. 9. The first railway in the world ______________ (design) in the last century. 10. Five units of this textbook ________________ (study) by the end of last month. 11. I don't like ________________________（laugh at）in public. 12. Do you have a letter to ____________________ (post)? 13. Visitors _____________________（request ）not to touch the exhibits. 14. The meeting is to ______________________（put off ）till Friday.
被动语态注意问题 ⑴含有使役动词（make /let /have）或感官动词（hear ,see, listen to ,look at ,find ,watch, feel等）的句子，在主动语态中这些词后常跟不带to的动词不定式，但是在改成被动语态时，则一定要把省去的to再加上去，另外help这一个词在主动语态中后面的动词不定式可以带to,也可不带to, 但在被动语态中也必须把to加上去。 例：①Mother often makes me do homework. →I am often made to do homework by mother. ⑵teach ,give ,pass ,show ,buy, tell等动词常常带有两个宾语（双宾语：直接宾语和间接宾语），改为被动语态时，两个宾语可以选其中任一个作主语。如果直接宾语被提前作主语，那么间接宾语（一般是人）前要加相应的介词to/for。例： ①She gave me a book.= She gave a pen to book. →I was given a book by her. →A book was given to me by her. ②My father bought me a MP3.= My father bought a MP3 for me. →I was bought a MP3 by my father. →A MP3 was bought for me by my father. [3]含有宾语补足语的句子改为变动语态。（宾补放在原来位置不变） 例：①We call him Xiao Ming. 主谓宾宾补 →Ｈe is called Xiao Ming by us. ②He found the novel very interesting. →The novel was found very interesting by him. [4] 没有被动语态的动词： 1. 没有被动语态的词，表示状态或特征的及物动词如cost, fit, have, suit等没有被动形式，另外，像happen = take place, break out(爆发)，break down(坏了)
、将下列句子变为被动语态 1. They will build a road here. 2. My father is mending my bike now. 3. What did you say at the meeting? 4. We must finish our homework first. 5.Shall we water the flowers? 6. People often see her read in the open air. 7. My mother bought me a new pair of shoes. 8. Did he break the window? 9. We should take good care of the trees. 10. T he children don ' t play basketball well. 二、单项选择 1. ____________________________ Thousands of trees every day. A. are cut down B. are being cut down C. have been cut down D. had been cut down 2. _______________ Football in most middle schools in many countries. A. play B. plays C. is playing D. is played 3. He a warm welcome at the station. A. was given B. gave C. was giving D. has given 4. _______________ The room again tomorrow afternoon. A. will be cleaned B. will clean C. is cleaned D. cleans 5. _________________________ All the answers already. A. have been found out B. have found out C. are found out were found out D. 6. _________________________ A dinosaur show at the museum next week. A. are to be held B. is to be held C. are holding D. will hold 7. _________________________ The Great Wall all over the world. A. are known B. is known C. will be known D. knows 8. _________________ The bird fly away yesterday. A. let to B. is let to C. was let D. was let to 9. Water ____ into ice under 0C. A. will change B. can be changed C. should change D. must be changed
英语被动语态用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择被动语态 1．More than one worker ______ dismissed. A．have been B．are C．has been D．has 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查主谓一致和语态。句意：不止一个工人被解雇了。如果主语由"many a,more than one ＋单数名词"构成，尽管从意义上看是复数，但谓语动词仍用单数形式，故排除A和B，“工人”和“解雇”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故选C。 2．________sco res of times, but Derek still couldn’t understand how to use past participle in a concrete situation. A．Having explained B．Having been explained C．Though it was explained D．It was explained 【答案】D 【解析】 因为有连词but，前面应是完整的句子，排除A,B; Though不能和but同时使用，所以选D。 3．—Have you heard about that school bus accident? —Yes, fortunately all on board including the driver ________. A．were saved B．was saved C．have saved D．has been saved 【答案】A 【解析】 考查动词时态和语态。句意为：——你有没有听说那起校车事故？——嗯，幸运的是，车上所有的人包括司机都获救了。由题干中的Have you heard...可知，事故发生在过去，且all 为主语，和save逻辑上构成被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，故答案A符合语境。 4．The new library ________; it will be open next year. A．had been built B．was built C．was being built D．is being built 【答案】D 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：图书馆正在建设中；明年开放。根据后面一句可推知，图书馆是正在建设中，所以要用进行时，图书馆是被建的，要用被动。所以本句要用现在进行时的被动语态。故选D。
一、选择题 1．—Why didn’t you come to Jenny’s birthday party yesterday? —Because I________. A．didn’t invite B．isn’t invited C．wasn’t invited D．haven’t invited 2．My brother _____ to read by my mother when he was very young. A．teaches B．is taught C．was teaching D．was taught 3．Too much water________ every day in the world. We should save it. A．wasted B．are wasted C．is wasted D．was wasted 4．Think carefully before deciding who ________. A．invites B．is invited C．will be invited D．will invite 5．This special pen _________ for writing large size words. A．use B．uses C．is using D．is uesd 6．A new zoo in our town center next month. I think it will be a good place for the teenagers to see the animals. A．build B．will build C．will be built 7．—Zheng Yuan, why did you go on a vacation to Weifang? — You know I'm a fan of kites. The international kite festival _____there in April every year. A．is held B．was held C．will be held 8．Fenghua teaching building _______ 17 years ago. A．built B．is built C．builds D．was built 9．Mike, you can go out if your homework ________. A．finish B．finishes C．will finish D．is finished 10．—The park is the oldest one in our city. —Yes. it _______ when I was sixteen years old. A．is built B．was built C．build D．built 11．-Can he get the first prize for running? -Impossible now. He _______ so, but he has just hurt his leg. A．would expect to do B．was expected to do C．has expected doing D．is expected doing 12．Young trees ________ every year to keep the sand away from the city and make the environment better and better. A．were planted B．have planted C．will plant D．are planted 13．—I won’t go to the party unless Sue __________ , too. —You mean if Sue comes you’ll come? A．will invite B．invites C．invited D．is invited 14．This kind of iPad________ in our shop. It________very well and many young people like it. A．sells; sells B．is sold; sells C．sells; is sold D．is sold; is sold 15．In the future, more and more high-speed railways ________ in China.
第二章被动语态 语态也是动词的一种形式，表示主语与谓语之间的关系。英语有两种语态：主动语态(active voice) 和被动语态(passive voice)。主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者，而被动语态则表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。 一、被动语态的构成 被动语态是由助动词be加及物动词的过去分词构成，如果有必要强调动作的执行者，动作执行者可以由介词by引出的短语表示。助动词be随主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。 A. 十种常见时态的被动语态 1. 一般现在时 主动语态：do 被动语态：amisare done We clean the classroom every day. 我们每天打扫教室。 The classroom is cleaned by us every day. 教室每天都由我们打扫。 Such songs are usually sung by girls. 这些歌通常是女孩子们唱的。 Russian is not taught in our school. 我们学校不教俄语。 Are many goods shipped abroad every day 每天都有许多货物运往国外吗 2. 一般过去时 主动语态：did 被动语态：waswere done We cleaned the classroom yesterday. 昨天我们打扫了教室。
The classroom was cleaned by us yesterday. 昨天教室被我们打扫了。 The window was broken by my son. 窗子是我儿子打破的。 Were many trees planted on the hill yesterday 昨天山上种了许多树吗？ How much money was stolen in all 一共被偷了多少钱？ 3. 一般将来时 主动语态：willshall do 被动语态：willshall be done We will clean the classroom soon. 我们很快要打扫教室。 The classroom will be cleaned soon. 教室很快要被打扫了。 The work will be done immediately. 这工作将马上做。 Will the school sports meeting be held next week？校运动会将在下星期举行吗？ When shall we be given a lecture on the Internet 什么时候给我们作有关因特网的讲座？ 4. 一般过去将来时 主动语态：would do 被动语态：would be done We told him that we would clean the classroom soon. 我们告诉他我们马上就打扫教室。 We told him that the classroom would be cleaned soon. 我们告诉他教室很快就会被打扫的。 He said that a new trade center would be built in the centre of the city. 他说一个新的贸易中心将在市中心建起来。
被动语态 一、被动语态的意义: 语态用于说明主语和谓语的关系,它包括主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。例如：We clean our classroom every day. 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。例如：Our classroom is cleaned by us every day. 二、被动语态的构成：be + 动词的过去分词be 必须与主语的人称、数一致。 初中阶段应该掌握的被动语态的结构为： 一般现在时的被动语态：am/ is / are+过去分词 English is taught in that school. 那个学校教英语。 We are asked to answer some questions in class. 课上我们被要求回答一些问题。 I am often found by my brother first. 我经常第一个被发现。 一般过去时的被动语态：was/ were +过去分词 The song was written by Shi Guangna. 那首歌是施光南写的。 These shoes were bought for my sisters. 这些鞋子是给我的姐妹们买的。 含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be +过去分词 That old woman must be sent to hospital at once. 那位老太太马上送医院。 She may be taken to the police station. 她可能会被带到警察局。 It can’t be written with pencils. 不能用铅笔写（它）。 其他形式的被动语态需要了解一下： 1．动词不定式的被动语态：to be done 2. 其他时态的被动语态：现在进行时被动语态：am/ is /are being done 过去进行时被动语态：was/ were being done 现在完成时被动语态：have/ has been done 过去完成时被动语态：had been done 一般将来时被动语态：will be done am/ is/are going to be done 过去将来时被动语态：would be done was/ were going to be done 三、主动语态变为被动语态的方法 1.主动结构的宾语变为被动结构的主语。 They made this kite yesterday afternoon. This kite was made yesterday afternoon by them. 昨天下午他们做了这只风筝。这只风筝是他们昨天下午做的。 2.主动结构的谓语动词由主动语态变为被动语态。 We took the sick boy to hospital at once. The sick boy was taken to hospital at once. 我们立刻把那个生病的男孩送到了医院。那个生病的男孩立刻被送往了医院。 3.主动结构的主语变为介词by 的宾语。 She cleans all the desks every day. All the desks are cleaned by her every day. 她每天擦所有的桌子。每天所有的桌子都是她擦的。 4.带双宾语动词的主动结构可把直接宾语或间接宾语改为被动语态的主语。 He gave me a present on my birthday. 我生日那天他送了我一件礼物。 I was given a present on my birthday. / A present was given to me on my birthday. 5.带复合宾语的动词变被动语态，只把宾语变为主语，原来的宾语补足语留在原处。主动语态 中，有些动词要求后面用不带to 的不定式作宾语补足语，若变为被动语态时，一律加to. 例
教学过程 被动语态的结构及用法 Step 1 Warm-up: Review 复习 一、Review the past participle forms of the verbs 1、规则动词过去分词的构成： (1)一般情况+ed 如worked；以不发音的e结尾，直接+d 如liked (2)以“辅音字母+y”，y →i+ed 如study →studied (3)以重读闭音节结尾，词尾仅一个辅音字母，双写词尾辅音字母+ed 如stopped，planned 2、特殊变化：课本附录 Step 2 Presentation:呈现 一、语态概述：略讲 1、英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的，分为主动语态与被动语态两种。 2、主动语态，即主语是动作的执行者。Eg. We clean the classroom. 3、被动语态，即主语是动作的承受者。Eg. The classroom is cleaned by us. 二、被动语态的构成：略 被动语态的基本构成是“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词+(by)”。be本身无词义，但有时态、人称和数的变化。by通常紧跟在被动句谓语动词之后，有时也可省。 1、现在： （1）一般现在时am/is/are + done （2）现在进行时am/is/are + being done （3）现在完成时have/has + been done 2、过去： （1）一般过去时was/were + done （2）过去进行时was/were + being done 3、将来：一般将来时shall/will + be done 三、被动语态句式：略 （1）肯定：主语+be+过去分词+(by) The cars are made by them. （2）否定：主语+be+not+过去分词+(by)The cars are not made by them. （3）一般疑问句：Be+主语+过去分词+(by) Are the cars made by them? （4）含有情态动词的被动语态：主语+情态动词+(not)+be<原形>+过去分词+(by) 四、被动语态的用法： 1、强调动作的承受者eg. Her bike is stolen. 2、淡化动作的执行者（没有说明、没必要指出、不知道） Eg. This coat is made of cotton.这件大衣是棉制的。 3、动作的承受者是谈话的中心eg. The picture was drawn by a boy under eight. Step 3 Consolidation:巩固 五、主动与被动的转换：时态不变 A.主动中的宾语→被动语态的主语 B.谓语变成被动结构（be＋过去分词） C.主动中的主语→被动语态的宾语（介词by之后），主格→宾格 Eg. He cut down a tree.→A tree was cut down by him. 1、S+V+O
最新英语被动语态用法总结(完整)(1) 一、单项选择被动语态 1．My brother and I have __________her birthday party. A．been invited B．been invited for C．invited to D．been invited to 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查语态和固定搭配。句意：我哥哥和我被邀请参加她的生日聚会。My brother and I与invite之间是被动关系，invite sb to somewhere表示“邀请某人去某地”，故D项正确。 2．—Are we about to having dinner? —Yes, it ________ in the dining room. A．serve B．is serving C．is being served D．has been serving 【答案】C 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：——我们准备去吃饭吗？——是的，饭菜正在餐厅被供应。it是指饭菜，和动作serve之间是被动关系，且动作正在进行，四个选项中只有C项是现在进行时的被动语态，故选C。 3．The affairs of each country should be by its own people. A．elected B．settled C．developed D．contained 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词。句意为：各国事务应由自己国家的人们解决。由句意可知，选settle，意为“解决”。elect选举；develop 发展；contain 包含，控制。故选B。 4．The new library ________; it will be open next year. A．had been built B．was built C．was being built D．is being built 【答案】D 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：图书馆正在建设中；明年开放。根据后面一句可推知，图书馆是正在建设中，所以要用进行时，图书馆是被建的，要用被动。所以本句要用现在进行时的被动语态。故选D。 5．—Do you know why a meeting by the middle school teachers last Sunday? —To demand smaller classes of no more than 25 to 30 students in each class. A．was held B．had been held C．has held D．held
一、选择题 1．We' re proud that our school is________one of the best schools in our province. A．think to be B．thought to C．thought to be D．thought will be 2．Nick a job in a bank, but to our surprise, he didn't take it. A．is offered B．offered C．was offered D．has offered 3．It's said that petrol(石油) _____________ in less than 100 years. So we should try to walk more instead of driving cars. A．used for B．will be used up C．used up D．will be used for 4．More trees __________ on both sides of the road in our city this coming winter holidays. A．are planted B．were planted C．will be planted D．have been planted 5．The mobile phone has influenced people’s life a lot since it _________. A．invents B．invented C．is invented D．was invented 6．Lots of flowers and trees on both sides of the streets every year. A．were planted B．are planted C．are planting D．were planting 7．—Where did you go last night? —I to go to Li Lei’s birthday party. A．asked B．am asked C．have been asked D．was asked 8．—The park is the oldest one in our city. —Yes. it _______ when I was sixteen years old. A．is built B．was built C．build D．built 9．-Can he get the first prize for running? -Impossible now. He _______ so, but he has just hurt his leg. A．would expect to do B．was expected to do C．has expected doing D．is expected doing 10．―When shall we go and play basketball? ―Not until the work tomorrow. A．will finish B．has finished C．is finished D．will be finished 11．When the new subway__________, it will take me less time to go to school every day. A．will finish B．is finished C．finished D．will be finished 12．—Are you really willing to do so much homework? —To tell you the truth, sometimes I ________ to do that, but I think it really helps me. A．force B．am forced C．forced D．was forced 13．—I won’t go to the party unless Sue __________ , too. —You mean if Sue comes you’ll come? A．will invite B．invites C．invited D．is invited 14．We hope that more trees________in our city next year.