虚拟语气练习题
一、【基础巩固】
1.If I ___ ten years younger, I ______ very happy.
A. were, would be
B. am, shall be
C. were, shall be
D. am, would be
2.---You can ask your brother for help.
---He is not at home. If he ______, I ______ .
A. is, would
B. were, would
C. is, will
D. were, will
3.If you _____ the doctors advice, you would have already recovered.
A. follow
B. followed
C. would follow
D. had followed
4.If he had not missed the train, he ______ there by then.
A. might get
B. might have got
C. got
D. had got
5.What would you have done last night, if you ______ to write your homework.
A. hadn't
B. haven't had
C. didn't have
D. hadn't had
6.---Did you catch the plane?
---No, if I had hurried, I ______ .
7. Why didn't you tell him the truth? If I ______ you, I would have.
8.---How do you like the party?
---Wonderful. If you had come with us, you ______ a good time.
A. had
B. had had
C. would have
D. would have had
9. If I ______ out of my ink, I would have finished writing the paper.
A. didn't run
B. shouldn't run
C. haven't run
D. hadn't run
10. If you ______ early tomorrow morning, you would be there by noon.
A. have started
B. were start
C. were to start
D. had started
11. If you ______ to the moon one day, you would find it quite different from the earth.
A. travel
B. had travelled
C. should travel
D. have trarelled
12. What ______ yesterday if you ______ TV programme.
A. would you do, hadn't watch
B. would you have done, hadn't watched
C. could you do, didn't watch
D. would you have done, didn't watch
13.----Are you thinking about going to Dalian for the vacation?
----No, but if I ______ time, I ______ very glad to go there.
A. have, will be
B. had had, would have been
C. had, would be
D. had had, would be
14.----My boss often made me work day and night.
----If I ______ you, I ______ the job.
A. am, will give up
B. had been you, would have given up
C. were, would give up
D. had been you, would give up
15.If you tell me all about it, I ______ able to decide.
A. would be
B. could be
C. were
D. shall be
16.If you ______ George, would you please tell him to ring me?
A. saw
B. were to
C. have seen
D. see
17.I'm sure he hasn't sent the letter. If he ______ it, I ______ .
A. sent, got
B. sent, have got
C. sent, would go
D. had sent, would have got
18. ----Sally finally got here from Chicago.
----If she ______earlier, we ______ her to the party then.
A. came, would take
B. had come, would have taken
C. comes, will take
D. had come, would take
19. I don't know whether to take the medicine at once. If I ______，I ______ it.
A. knew, would take
B. had known, would have taken it
C. knew, would have taken
D. had known, would take
20.----Did you need any help with your maths last night?
----No, If ______ , I ______ you.
A. had, would have called
B. had, would call
C. had needed, would have called
D. had needed, would call
二、【能力提高】
1. I would buy that car ， if I ______ enough money.
A. have
B. had
C. will have
D. had had
2. Ford might have come to school in time for Professor Smith's lecture, ______ .
A. if he got up earlier
B. unless he had got up earlier
C. but he got up rather late
D. but he had got up so late
3.______ their help in the past years, he would be living a hard life and might even have starve to death.
A. With
B. If it were not for
C. If it had not been for
D. If not
4. If it had not rained yesterday, the ground ______ muddy now.
A. is not
B. will not be
C. would not be
D. would not have been
5.You ______ any difficulty now, if you had made a more careful plan.
A. won't meet with
B. would not meet with
C. would not have met with
D. have not met with
6. He did his best in everything, ______ he would not have been what he was.
A. and
B. but
C. otherwise
D. but that
7. ----What would you wish to do if you were to be a college student again?
----That's very hard to say, but I wish I ______ biology when I was a college student.
A. had studied
B. studied
C. study
D. have studied
8.----You should have gone to the show with us yeaterday. It's very good.
----I wished I ______ , but I was busy with my report.
A. had
B. did
C. would have
D. were
9.Mr Johnson said angrily, “ Don't order me about, as if I ______ your wife. I'm not. We are both the boss's men. ”
A. were
B. am
C. would be
D. had been
10.______ the thick fence, he would have been more fearful.
A. But for
B. Without
C. If it were not for
D. both A and B
11. He talked as if he ______ to Beijing, but I knew he hadn't.
A. went
B. were
C. had been
D. would have been
12.----Would you have told him the awswer, if possible?
----Yes, I would have, but I ______ very busy.
A. had been
B. were
C. was
D. would be
13. If he ______ in England, what language could he probably speak now?
A. were born
B. had been born
C. would have been born
D. was born
14. If we ______ Steven's advice, we would not be lost in the forest.
A. took
B. had taken
C. have taken
D. would take
15.If the govenment had built more houses for the homeless people after the earth quake, the housing problems now in some parts of the city ______ so serious now.
A. wouldn't be
B. will not have been
C. wouldn't have been
D. would have not been
16. What a heavy rain it is! If we ______ the rain coat, we wouldn't ______ in the rain.
A. had put on, be walking
B. put on, walk
C. put on, be walking
D. should put on, walk
17.----Why is the window broken?
----If I ______ care, it ______ .
A. took, wouldn't happen
B. had taken, wouldn't have happened
C. took, wouldn't have happened
D. had taken, wouldn't happen
18.----Do you think the thief entered through the side door?
----No, if he had, he ______ the living room window.
A. would break
B. would have broken
C. wouldn't break
D. wouldn't have broken
19. I ______ one of Tom's paintings, but if I had, he would have given it to me.
A. wanted
B. want
C. didn't want
D. don't want
20. I've forgotten his telephone number. If I ______ it down, I ______ you now.
A. put, would have told
B. put, would tell
C. had put, would have told
D. had put, would tell
三、【高考真题】
1.If there were no subjunctive mood, English ___ much easier.
A. will be
B. would have been
C. could have been
D. would be
2.The guard at the gate insisted that everybody ____ the rules
A. obeys
B. obey
C. will obey
D. would obey
3.---- “ The experiment had failed! ”
---- “ I suggest you ____ again. ”
A. try B trying C. will try D. would try
4.---- “ He is a very brave man. ”
---- “ Yes. I wish I ____ his courage. ”
A. have
B. had
C. will have
D. would have
5.If she had worked harder, she ____ .
A. would succeed
B. had succeeded
C. should succeed
D. would have succeeded
6.The plant is dead. I ____ it more water.
A. will give
B. would have given
C. must give
D. should have given
7.I wish I ____ you yesterday.
A. seen
B. did see
C. had seen
D. were to see
8.If my lawyer ____ here last Saturday, he ____ me from going.
A. had been; would have prevented
B. had been; would prevent
C. were; would prevent
D. were; would have prevented
9. He ____ you more help, even though he was very busy.
A. might have given
B. might give
C. may have given
D. may give
10.Without electricity human life ____ quite different today.
A. is
B. will be
C. would have been
D. would be
11.If it ____ for the snow, we ____ the mountain yesterday.
A. were not; could have climbed
B. were not; could climb
C. had not been; could have climbed
D. had not been; could climb
12.We ____ last night, but we went to the concert instead.
A. must have studied
B. might study
C. should have studied
D. would study
13.---- If he ____ , he ____ that food.
---- Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.
A. was warned; would not take
B. had been warned; would not have taken
C. would be warned; had not taken
D. would have been warned; had not taken
14.I didn't see your sister at the meeting. If she ____ , she would have met my brother.
A. has come
B. did come
C. came
D. had come
15.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ____ .
A. breaks
B. has broken
C. were broken
D. had been broken
16.You didn't let me drive. If we ____ in turn, you ____ so tired.
A. drove; didn't get
B. drove; wouldn't get
C. were driving; wouldn't get
D. had driven; wouldn't have got
17.____ he had not hurt his leg, John would have won the race. （ 07 全国 II ）
A. If
B. Since
C. Though
D. When
答案与分析
1．选 A 。从句的意思反映出其愿望是不可能实现的，应该使用虚拟语气。从各选项中分析只有 A 符合虚拟条件句的语法规则。
2．选 B 。前文已经给出，这是一个与现在事实相反的虚拟条件从句。
3．选 D。从两个方面分析都应选 D。从 follow the doctor's advice动作本身分析，这是个非延续性动词，所以它只能是要么已经，要么将来，即要么与过去事实相反，要么
与将来事实相反。从全句的意思中分析，应是前者。也可以从主句中分析。它是
与过去事实相反的 would have recovered。从全句的意思上看，从句也应是与过
去事实相反。
4．选 B。上一题考查从句中时态的选用，而本题则是考查主句时态的选用。从句是与过去
．．．．
事实相反，根据从句的意思，主句也应是与过去事实相反。
5．选 D。主句与从句都理解为与过去事实要反相才正确。have to 被否定后的意思是“不是不得不”，“不是非得”。 have 一词作“有”解时，其否定和疑问的形式有两种，
you don't have, you haven't ，但作除“有”解以外的含义时，只能有第一种否定或疑
问形式，所以选项 A 是错的。 B 项不是虚拟语气， C 项是与现在或将来事实相反故
也须排除。
6．选 B 。根据问句， if 条件从句及全句的意思，主句只能理解为与过去事实相反，would
have 是 would have caught 的省略。
7．选 B 。从句应理解为与过去事实相反，故选had been。
8．选 D。问句中虽用现在时，但实际上是询问过去的事，故主从句都是与过去事实相反，所以 would have had 是对的。
9．选 D。与过去事实相反的从句是过去完成时，故选hadn't run 。 run out of 意为“用光”。10．选 C。从句中的 tomorrow morning 已经告知我们，本句可理解为与将来事实相反， A 、
D 两项都不对。 B 项缺少 to，故选 were to start。
11．选 C。从句中的 one day 指“将来有一天” ，故用 should 可表示将来。
12．选 B 。根据主句中的yesterday 可以确定，主句是与过去事实相反，又根据句意，从句
也是与过去事实相反，故选B。
13．疑问句是询问将来，故用与将来事实相反的 C 项。
14．选 B。第一句中的 made 是指过去，回答要同上文的时间相符，所以，主句和从句均是
与过去事实相反。
15．选 D。条件从句的 tell 说明这不是一个虚拟条件，因此选用真实意义的 D 项。
16．选 D。 would you please 并不是虚拟语气，而是一种很委婉的祈使句，故从句也不用虚
拟条件，而选用真实条件的see。
17．选 D 。第一句已清楚地道出过去的一个事实。第二句是与这个过去的事实相反的虚拟语
气，故选用 D 。
18．选 B 。根据第一句，第二句中的条件从句应是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟条件，而主句
也用与过去事实相反，这是由于句尾的then 的缘故，如果没有 then 一词，选 D 项也是正确的。
19．选 A 。主、从句都是与现在事实相反，故用A。
20．选 C。第一句是询问过去的事实，第二句中的主、从句都理解为过去才合逻辑，虽然D 选项在语法上是对的，但从时间上看却不合理。
B层次答案与分析
答案与分析
1．选 B。根据主从句之间在逻辑上的时间关系，应视为同时发生故选 B 。但本句在没有语
言环境的情况下，也可以看做是一个过去的真实条件句。
2．选 C。 might have come 在含有虚拟条件复合句的主句中表示与过去事实相反，也可用于
真实的情况，意即“可能已经” ，但仔细分析四个选项，其中无一可以在语法，时态和含义
上同前面的句子相一致，故只能将might have come 看做是虚拟语气的用法。如果是这样，
A 项中的 got up 指与现在事实相反的虚拟条件，这与主句不合逻辑。
B 项中的 unless 不能用于虚拟语气条件。
C 项是一个指过去发生的真实事件，这正和与过去事实相反的主句相一致，而虚拟条件从句也被省略，它应该是if he had got up early 。
D 项中的过去完成时，在没有任何参照的情况下是不对的。
3．选 C。如用 with 则全句的逻辑关系不成立，而用 D 项其语法结构有错。 in the past years 已经告诉我们应与过去事实相反的条件从句，所以只有 C 是对的， B 项用来表示与现在事实相反，也应排除。 B、C 这两种用法只能表示虚拟条件，不能表示真实条件，其意思是“如果没有”。
4．选 C。虚拟条件从句虽是指过去，但从其与主句的逻辑关系上分析，主句只能是现在，
故选 C，从 now 一词也可得出这一结论。
5．选 B 。分析方法同上。
6．选 C。otherwise 在这是一个虚拟条件从句的替代词，它代替了if he hadn't done his best 。7．选 A 。从 wish 后的过去时间状语判断，这应该是一个对过去未能实现事情的一种愿望，
故应使用过去完成时。
8．选 A。在确定wish 后从句的时态时，不要受wish 本身时态的影响，它同对从句时态的
确定毫无关系。问题的关键是要看wish 和从句中的动词的时间先后关系，无论wish 本身是何种时态，它与这个动词的时间关系是固定不变的，在变成间接引语时，我们会更能体会到这种关系：
He said，“ I wish I had been there.”
He said that he wished he had been there.
wish 的时态变了，可它与后面动词的时间关系并没有变。请参阅本章的语法说明。
9．选 A 。根据句意，这是一个与现在事实相反的比喻，准确地说，是一个与主句动词同时
发生的一个动作，故用一般过去时的were。
10．选 D。 But for （如果没有）和 without 都可用于表示条件，并没有时间限制，它们既有 If it were not for 的意思，也有 if it had not been for 的意思。但前者只用来表示虚拟条件，而后者用
于虚拟和真实均可。 C 项表示与现在事实相反，这与主句不能成立。
11．选 C。 as if 后时态的确定同 wish 一样，也不要受主句时态的影响，对它的分析请见上面
第 8 题及其分析。
12．选 C。 but 引出的内容是一个事实。
13．选 B。从句用与过去事实相反的过去完成时才能合句意。
14．选 B。从句只能指过去。
15．选 A 。主句中的now 一词已表明是与现在事实相反。
16．选 A 。从句应理解为与过去事实相反，故用过去完成时，句首的感叹句告诉我们，这是
一个当前的情景，所以 wouldn't 后用进行时较妥。
17．选 B。第一句虽用了一个现在时的疑问句，但“打碎”这个动作确是已经发生了。所以
主从句都应视为过去事实相反。
18．选 D。用与过去事实相反的否定句才合逻辑。
19．选 C。从虚拟条件从句及其主句可判断出这是一个过去发生的否定的事实。
20．选 D。从句是指过去，而主句是指现在。
历届高考题参考答案
参考答案
1～ 5． DBABD
6～ 10． DCAA/CD
11～ 15． CCBDC
16-17． DA
情态动词、虚拟语气60题 1. ——Don’t forget to bring my new books tomorrow afternoon. —— No, I＿＿＿＿＿＿＿. A. don’t B. can’t C. won’t D. couldn’t 2. ——I hear you’ve got a set of Australian coins.＿＿＿I have a look? —— Yes, certainly. A. Do B. May C.Shall D. Should 3. He seldom listens to others. He＿＿＿＿＿answer for what he has done. A. shall B. will C. can D. would 4. ——May I leave the office before 5 o’clock in the afternoon? ——No, I’m afraid you＿＿＿＿＿＿＿. A. needn’t B. shouldn’t C. mustn't D. won’t 5. —— Shall I tell John about it? —— No, you＿＿＿＿. I don’t know his telephone number. A. needn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t 6. Mr Bush is on time for everything. How＿＿＿it be that he was late for the opening ceremony? A. can B. should C. may D. must 7. The traffic light is red, so I＿＿＿＿＿＿stop my car. A. must B. have to C. can D. mustn’t 8. —— What happened to the young trees we planted? —— The trees＿＿＿＿＿＿well, but I didn’t water them. A. might grow B. needn’t have grown C. would grow D. would have grown 9. I was really anxious about you. You＿＿＿home without a word. A. mustn’t leave B. shouldn’t have left C. couldn’t have left D. needn’t leave 10. Children＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿in public very often. A. should be praised B. shouldn’t have praised C. shouldn’t have be en praised D. shouldn’t be praised 11. Let’s clean the classroom, ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿?
虚拟语气详解 虚拟语气表示说话人的主观愿望（往往与客观事实相反），或是表示假象和猜测。虚拟语气无论从形式上还是时态上都比较复杂，需要归类记忆。 虚拟语气大体分为三类：(1) be型虚拟(2) were型虚拟(3) if 条件句及主句虚拟下面会详细说每种虚拟形式的特征和规律，考试时先判断属于哪种虚拟类型，剩下的皆是套路~ （1）be型虚拟（基本是套路） 形式：should + 动词原形，should可以省略 用法：1）表示“命令、建议、要求”等意义词语之后的宾语从句用be型虚拟，常见的词如下: demand, desire, insist, order, ask, command, propose, recommend, suggest, prefer, require, request等 最常见的形式是这类动词后面接着一个宾语从句，则宾语从句的谓语部分要用（should）+ 动词原形来虚拟 例: We demand that the meeting（should）be postponed. The manager suggested that we (should) work together. 注意：有时候你所见到不一定是上述动词引导的宾语从句，而是由上述词变体后所引导主语从句(it做形式主语，如：it is advised/ suggested/ requested/ ordered/ proposed that…)、表语从句或同位语从句 例如：It is required that the students (should) learn a foreign language. (主语从句) The requirement is that all the equipment in the meeting room (should) be checked twice before. (表语从句) We didn’t stand for his proposal that the meeting (should)be postponed. (同位语从句) 只要看到句中有上述动词或其变体，不管词性怎么变、句型怎么变，都用be型虚拟！ 特例：suggest和insist这两个比较特殊，当suggest作“暗示、表明、说明”讲，insist 作“坚持说”讲，后面一般跟的是客观事实，不需要虚拟~这是一个比较重要的考点，体会下面两组句子： We all suggest that a lab (should) be built. 我们都建议建一个实验室。 Her expression suggests that she is angry. 她的表情说明她生气了。 She insisted that we should find the source of the river. 她坚持主张我们应该找到河的源头。 She insisted that she had done nothing wrong. 她坚持说自己没做错事。 suggest 的区别很明显，但insist有点难辨别，一般来说如果insist后面跟的是某种主张，或是坚持要做一件事，那么用虚拟。 2）表示主观看法，常表示“某事是必要的、重要的。。。怎么怎么样的”，尤其是在“ it is +名词/形容词+ that从句”结构中，常见的形容词包括：advisable, desirable, essential, imperative, important, necessary, obligatory, proper, dispensable, impossible, natural, surprising等 例如：It is advisable that you (should) leave now. It is necessary that teenagers (should) take part in outside activities. It is of great importance that smoking (should) be banned in public area.
英语虚拟语气练习题20篇及解析 一、初中英语虚拟语气 1．If I _____ you, I _____ late for school this morning. A．were, wouldn’t be B．were, wouldn’t C．was, won’t be D．am, will 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析；句意：如果我是你，今天早晨我上学就不会迟到。与现在事实相反，故从句用过去时态，主语用过去将来时态。选项B缺少谓语动词。故选A。 考点：if引导的条件状语从句 点评：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。 1、与现在事实相反 若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形” 2、与过去事实相反 若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时（had+过去分词），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+have+过去分词” 3、与将来事实相反 若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形”。 2．--- If I_______ one million dollars, I would give it to medical research. ---If I _______ you, I would give it to charity. A．will have, am B．would have, was C．had, were D．have, is 【答案】C 【解析】考察虚拟语气。第一空，虚拟语气，与现在相反，用过去时。第二空，虚拟语气，与现在相反，用过去时，be动词用were。故选C 3．--What would you do if you ____ a million dollars? --I’d give it to the charity A．win B．won C．will win D．is to win 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：句意：如果你赢了一百万美元，你要做什么？——我会把它捐给慈善机构。结合语境可知条件从句中描述的是与将来相反的事实，故用一般过去时态，选B。 考点：if引导的条件状语从句
虚拟语气详解（自用版） 虚拟语气是一项语法难点，为了让学员们便于理解与记忆，我们把虚拟语气分成三大块来讨论： 1．名词从句中的虚拟语气标志词+should+动词原形 2．条件从句中的虚拟语气①三种基本态②倒装虚拟句③混时虚拟句④含蓄虚拟句⑤跳层虚拟句 3．其它情形中的虚拟语气（wish/would rather/It’s high time…/If only…/lest） 一．三种基本形态（1） 表虚拟的时间if从句谓语形式主句谓语形式 现在：did / were would (should, might, could)+do 过去：had done/ had been would (should/might/could)+have done(been) 将来：were to/ should+do would (should, might, could)+do 三种基本形态（2）（这是基础，建议牢记下面的例句，争取能脱口而出） 与现在事实相反：If I had enough money, I would buy a book. 与过去事实相反：If I had had enough money, I would have bought a book. 与将来事实相反：If I were to have enough money, I would buy a book. If I should have enough money, I would buy a book. 二、倒装虚拟句（只能与过去/将来事实相反，省去if，只有三种倒装形式） Had I had enough money, I would have bought a book. Were I to have enough money, I would buy a book. Should I have enough money, I would buy a book. 三、混合时间虚拟语气（主要是抓住时间状语） (对过去事实虚拟+对现在事实虚拟) If I had studied English at school, I could read the English novel now. (对现在事实虚拟+对过去事实虚拟) If she were not so careless, she wouldn’t have made such a mistake. 四、含蓄虚拟句（在四级考试中目前还未出现此考点，但在阅读中常见） 3. 虚拟语气用在主语从句中。在句型“It is important (necessar y, strange, natural等) that...” 中，that 后面的从句中的谓语动词用(should) + 动词原形。 It's necessary that we should have a walk now. 我们现在有必要出去散散步。 What would I have done without you? But for their help, I would not have finished the task. But that the doctor arrived on time that day, they would have been dead.
虚拟语气专练 1.I enjoyed the movie very much. I wish I _____ the book from which it was made. A. have read B. had read C. should have read D. are reading 2.You are late. If you _____ a few minutes earlier you _____ him. https://www.doczj.com/doc/23544229.html,e would meet B. had come would have met C. come will meet D. had come would meet 3.The two students talked as if they _____ friends for years. A. should be B. would be C. have been D. had been 4.It is important that I _____ with Mr. Williams immediately. A. speak B. spoke C. will speak D. to speak 5.He looked as if he _____ ill for a long time. A. was B. were C. has been D. had been 6.If the doctor had come earlier the poor child would not _____. A. have laid there for two hours B. have been lied there for two hours C. have lied there for two hours D. have lain there for two hours 7.I wish that I _____ with you last night. A. went B. could go C. have gone D. could have gone 8.Let’s say you could go there again how _____ feel A. will you B. should you C. would you D. do you 9.I can’t stand him. He always talks as though he _____ everything. A. knew B. knows C. has known D. had known 10._____ the fog we should have reached our school. A. Because of B. In spite of C. In case of D. But for 11.If you had told me in advance I _____ him at the airport. A. would meet B. would had met C. would have met D. would have meet 12.Mike can take his car apart and put it back together again. I certainly wish he_____ me how. A. teaches B. will teach C. has taught D. would teach 13.I would have told him the answer had it been possible but I _____ so busy then. A. had been B. were C. was D. would be 14.He’s working hard for fear that he _____. A. should fall behind B. fell behind C. may fall behind D. would fallen behind 15.If it _____ another ten minutes the game would have been called off. A. had rained B. would have rained C. have seen D. rained 16.He suggested that they _____ use a trick instead of fighting.
高考英语虚拟语气知识点经典测试题及解析 一、选择题 1．I insisted he______ back the wallet to the lady, but he insisted he______it. A．handed; didn’t steal B．hand; hadn’t stolen C．hand; not steal D．handed; hadn’t stolen 2．Recent years have seen a growing increase in the emergence of cyber terms, without which our life _____ so colorful nowadays. A．won’t be B．hadn’t been C．wouldn’t be D．can’t be 3．This winter vacation, my family are going to visit the Great Wall, but I would rather we ________ to Shanghai Disneyland. A．go B．had gone C．would go D．went 4．The requirement of the government is that the citizens not set off fireworks from January 1, 2019 on. A．shall B．should C．can D．may 5．What do you think of the proposal that improvement ____ in the type of vacuum cleaner? A．be made B．will be made C．would be made D．has to be made 6．I wish I ________ an architect because then I ________ be able to design my own house. A．am, will be B．were, would C．will be, could D．was, could 7．How I wish I ______ my mouth before I shouted at my mum! A．shut B．have shut C．had shut D．would shut 8．That was not the first time he ____ us. I think it's high time we ____ strong actions against him. A．betrayed, take B．had betrayed, took C．has betrayed, took D．has betrayed, take 9．Studies show that historical barriers on women acceptance in organizational environments, the development of the company would already be way ahead. A．were it not for B．if there being no C．hadn't it been for D．if it is not for 10．The board thought it urgent that these files _____ right away. A．printed B．had been printed C．would been printed D．be printed 11．What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he ___________ it better. A．need have done B．must have done C．can have done D．might have done 12．If penicillin available, many people from sickness or even small wounds in World WarⅡ.
虚拟语气讲解 语气(mood) 是一种动词形式，用以表示说话者的意图或态度。 英语中的语气有三种：陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。 直陈语气(indicative mood),表示所说的话是事实。 祈使语气(imperative mood),表示所说的话是请求或命令。 虚拟语气(subjunctive mood),表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望、建议或与事实相反的假设等。 一. 虚拟语气在条件句中的应用 学习虚拟语气在条件句中的用法之前我们必须清楚条件句的种类：条件句有真实条件句与非真实条件句(或称虚拟条件句)两种。真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句都用陈述语气。 如：If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I will go for a picnic. 假若明天不下雨，我就去野餐。 Oil floats if you pour it on water. 你如把油倒在水里，油就浮起来。 虚拟条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句皆须用虚拟语气。 1. 与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句，条件从句的谓语用动词的过去式(be的过去式用were), 主句的谓语用should （would, might，could）+动词原形。 如：If it were not raining, we should go for a picnic.如果现在不下雨的话，我们就出去野餐了。 （事实是：天在下雨，我们不能出去野餐。表示愿望。） If he came here, he might be able to help you. 如果他来这，他就能够帮助你了。 （事实是：他没来这，他不可能帮助你。表示对他的良好印象。）
（英语）虚拟语气练习题含答案及解析 一、初中英语虚拟语气 1． --What would you do if you won a million yuan? -- __________. A．I shall give it to charities B．I will buy snacks C．I won’t put it in the bank D．I’d give it to medical research 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你有一百万，你会做什么？我会把它捐给医学研究。根据上文提到 What would you do if you won a million yuan 这是对现在的虚拟，所以回答时用would do ，故选D项。 考点：考查虚拟语气。 2．--------- Come and join us, Jim! ---------- I’m sorry I can’t . If I _______ time, I would certainly go. A．will have B．have had C．had D．had had 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。 （1）、与现在事实相反 若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形” （2）、与过去事实相反 若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时（had+过去分词），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+have+过去分词” （3）、与将来事实相反 若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形”： 句意：吉姆，来加入我们吧！抱歉，我不能。如果我有时间，我肯定会去的。结合语境可知下文中表示与现在相反的事实，故条件状语从句中用一般故去时态，选C。 考点：考查虚拟语气 3．You should_______ watched TV. There is so much work to do, A．not have B．have not C．not D．not having 【答案】A 【解析】
虚拟语气专项练习 1.I enjoyed the movie very much. I wish I _____ the book from which it was made. A. have read B. had read C. should have read D. are reading 2.You are late. If you _____ a few minutes earlier, you _____ him. A. come; would meet B. had come; would have met C. come; will meet D. had come; would meet 3.The two students talked as if they _____ friends for years. A. should be B. would be C. have been D. had been 4.It is important that I _____ with Mr. Williams immediately. A. speak B. spoke C. will speak D. to speak 5.He looked as if he _____ ill for a long time. A. was B. were C. has been D. had been
6.If the doctor had come earlier, the poor child would not _____. A. have laid there for two hours B. have been lied there for two hours C. have lied there for two hours D. have lain there for two hours 7.I wish that I _____ with you last night. A. went B. could go C. have gone D. could have gone 8.Let’s say you could go there again, how _____ feel? A. will you B. should you C. would you D. do you 9.I can’t stand him. He always talks as though he _____ everything. A. knew B. knows C. has known D. had known 10._____ the fog, we should have reached our school. A. Because of B. In spite of C. In case of D. But for
英语虚拟语气试题经典及解析 一、初中英语虚拟语气 1．If I _____ you ,I _____ them the story. A. was , tell B．were , will tell C．were ,wou ld tell D．am. would tell 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：句意：如果我是你，我会告诉他们这个故事。本题考查虚拟语气，if 从句中用一般过去时，主句中用would +动词原形，表示与现在的事实相反。故选C。 考点：考查虚拟语气的用法。 2．--------- Come and join us, Jim! ---------- I’m sorry I can’t . If I _______ time, I would certainly go. A．will have B．have had C．had D．had had 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。 （1）、与现在事实相反 若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形” （2）、与过去事实相反 若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时（had+过去分词），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+have+过去分词” （3）、与将来事实相反 若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形”： 句意：吉姆，来加入我们吧！抱歉，我不能。如果我有时间，我肯定会去的。结合语境可知下文中表示与现在相反的事实，故条件状语从句中用一般故去时态，选C。 考点：考查虚拟语气 3．Mr. White _____ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn't show up. A．should have arrived B．should arrive C．should have had arrived D．should be arriving 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：句意：怀特先生本来应该在8：30到会，但他却没有出现。should have done：
虚拟语气讲解与练习 黄志刚2013.10. 一. 简介 ?`虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，而不表示客观存在的事实，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实， 或与事实相反。 ?虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气 ?在什么情况下用虚拟语气? 在表示虚假的、与事实相反的或难以实现的情况时用虚拟语气，表示主观愿望或表示某种强烈情感时，也用虚 拟语气。即当一个人说话时欲强调其所说的话是基于自己的主观想法，而不是根据客观实际，就用虚拟语气。 二. 虚拟语气在非真实条件状语从句中的用法 1、真实条件状语从句与非真实条件状语从句 真：If he doesn’t hurry up, he will miss the bus. 如果他不快点，他将错过巴士。( 真实条件状语)（不是虚拟语气） If he is free, he will ask me to tell stories. 如果他是空闲的，他会要求我讲故事。（真实条件状语）（不是虚拟语气）非真：If I were you, I would go at once.如果我是你，我马上就会去。（非真实条件状语从句） If there were no air, people would die. 如果没有空气，人就会死亡。（非真实条件状语从句） 2、用法及动词形式 1.表示与现在事实相反的情况， 例：If I were you, I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你） If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you. 如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。（事实：不知道）If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth. 如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。(事实：地球上既有空气也有水) If I had any money with me, I could lend you some. 如果我带钱了，我就会借给你些。（事实：没带钱） If he studied harder, he might pass the exam.如果他再努力些，就能通过考试了。（事实：没有努力） 2.表示与过去事实相反的情况 例：If I had got there earlier, I should/could have met her. 如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。（事实：去晚了） If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake. 如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了。（事实：没有听我的话） 3.表示对将来情况的主观推测 例：1.If he should come here tomorrow, I should/would talk to him. 如果他哪天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。（事实：来的可能性很小） 2.If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would not go skating. 如果下周日下大雪，我们就不能去滑冰了。（事 实：不知能否下雪） 3.If she were to be there next Monday, I would tell her about the matter. 如果她下周一来这儿的话，我就会告诉她这 件事的始末。 (在表示建议、命令、要求等含义的宾语从句，谓语动词常用虚拟语气，"should＋动词原形"构成，should 可省略。) 4.有时，主句和条件状语从句的谓语动作若不是同时发生时，虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。 ①从句的动作与过去事实相反，而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。 如：If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too. 如果我在学校学习刻苦的话，我现在也会成为一个工程师了
一. 简介 虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，而不表示客观存在的事实，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气三类。 二. 应用条件 虚拟语气常在表示条件和结果的状语从句中。在表示与事实相反的虚拟语气时动词有三种时态：现在时，过去时，将来时，过去完成时，现在完成时。在条件句中的应用：条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。虚拟语气 在什么情况下用虚拟语气? 在表示虚假的、与事实相反的或难以实现的情况时用虚拟语气，表示主观愿望或表示某种强烈情感时，也用虚拟语气。即当一个人说话时欲强调其所说的话是基于自己的主观想法，而不是根据客观实际，就用虚拟语气。 三. 虚拟语气在非真实条件状语从句中的用法 1、真实条件状语从句与非真实条件状语从句 真eg . If he doesn’t hurry up, he will miss the bus. 如果他不快点，他将错过巴士。( 真实条件状语)（不是虚拟语气）If he is free, he will ask me to tell stories. 如果他是空闲的，他会要求我讲故事。（真实条件状语）（不是虚拟语气） 非真 eg. If I were you, I would go at once.如果我是你，我马上就会去。（非真实条件状语从句）If there were no air, people would die. 如果没有空气，人就会死亡。（非真实条件状语从句） 2、用法及动词形式 1、表示与现在事实相反的情况：if+主语+过去时+其他+主语+should/would/could/might+do+其他 例： 1.If I were you, I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你） 2.If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you. 如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。（事实：不知道） 3.If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth. 如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。(事实：地球上既有空气也有水) 4.If I had any money with me, I could lend you some. 如果我带钱了，我就会借给你些。（事实：没带钱） 5.If he studied harder, he might pass the exam.如果他再努力些，就能通过考试了。（事实：没有努力 2、表示与过去事实相反的情况if+主语+had done +其他+主语+should/would/could/might+have done+其他 例： 1. If I had got there earlier, I should/could have met her. 如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。（事实：去晚了） 2.If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake. 如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了。（事实：没有听我的话） 3、表示对将来情况的主观推测①if+主语+were to do+sth.+主语+should/would/could/might+do+其他②if+主语+did/be(were)+sth.+主语+should/would/could/might+do+其他③if+主语+should+do+sth.+主语+should/would/could/might+do+其他
虚拟语气专项练习 enjoyed the movie very much. I wish I _____ the book from which it was made. A. have read B. had read C. should have read D. are reading are late. If you _____ a few minutes earlier, you _____ him. A. come; would meet B. had come; would have met C. come; will meet D. had come; would meet two students talked as if they _____ friends for years. A. should be B. would be C. have been D. had been is important that I _____ with Mr. Williams immediately. A. speak B. spoke C. will speak D. to speak looked as if he _____ ill for a long time. A. was B. were C. has been D. had been the doctor had come earlier, the poor child would not _____. A. have laid there for two hours B. have been lied there for two hours C. have lied there for two hours D. have lain there for two hours wish that I _____ with you last night. A. went B. could go C. have gone D. could have gone ’s say you could go there again, how _____ feel A. will you B. should you C. would you D. do you can’t stand him. He always talks as though he _____ everything. A. knew B. knows