被动语态2
I. 主动语态转换成被动语态时应注意的一些结构：
1. 双宾语结构（主语+谓语+间宾+直宾）
He gave me a pen.
1)I was given a pen. (用主动句中的间宾作主语)
2) A pen was given to me. (用主动句中的直宾作主语---注意：这种改法需要添加介词)
He showed me some photos.
1) I was shown some photos.
2) Some photos were shown to me.
请仿照例子改写以下的句子：
They lent me some money.
She bought them some apples.
Father has told us the story.
2. 宾补结构(主语+谓语+宾语+补语)
2.1 现在分词作宾补：
We found him lying in bed.
He was found lying in bed.
I saw John watching TV in his room.
John was seen watching TV in his room.
请仿照例子改写以下的句子：
Someone saw David playing football at the playground.
Someone found Jimmy dating with a pretty girl.
2.2 不定式作宾补：
The teacher encouraged us to work hard at English.
We were encouraged to work hard at English.
The policeman didn’t allow the driver to park his car there.
The driver wasn’t allowed to park his car there.
请仿照例子改写以下的句子：
Jim’s parents asked him to clean the kitchen.
The school authority requests the students to wear school uniforms.
The company required the candidates to present themselves 15 minutes before the interview begins.
注意：
感官动词(see, hear, etc.)或使役动词(make, let, have, etc.)通常可用省略了to的不定式做宾补。这种结构变为被动语态后，补语要加上不定式的符号to.
She saw the boy fall from the ladder.
The boy was seen to fall from the ladder.
I heard them go upstairs.
They were heard to go upstairs.
请仿照例子改写以下的句子：
The teacher made the boy stand at the corner.
We saw him dance.
I didn’t let him go there alone.
A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.
2.3 形容词/名词做宾补：
We consider computers very useful.
Computers are considered very useful.
I found him a bright boy.
He was found (to be) a bright boy.
请仿照例子改写以下的句子：
He painted the door green.
We found the window broken.
3. 动词短语(动词+副词或动词+ 介词)
---在改为被动结构后，短语中的副词/介词要保留.
Her aunt brought Jim up. / Her aunt brought up Jim.
Jim was brought up by her aunt.
A thief broke into the bank last night.
The bank was broken into last night.
We shouldn’t look down upon the poor boy.
The poor boy shouldn’t be looked down upon.
You should pay attention to these rules.
These rules should be paid attention to.
Attention should be paid to these rules.
This has never been heard of before.
请仿照例子改写以下的句子：
We all listened carefully to him.
The boys are laughing at him.
You must take good care of the book.
A guest of wind blew the tent down.
注意：部分没有被动语态的的动词/动词短语：
In the 1900’s, great changes have taken place/happened in China.
The accident happened in 1678.
In recent years, several changes have occurred in the ownership of news media.
The war broke out in 1861.
A fire broke out suddenly in the warehouse last night.
The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago.
4. 带有that引导的宾语从句的句子，改为被动结构时，可改为1）形式主语it引导的名词性从句, 或2）带不定式的被动句.
We know that Britain is an island country.
1）It is known that Britain is an island country.
= 2) Britain is known to be an island country.
People believe that he will win the election.
1) It is believed that he will win the election.
= 2) He is believed to win the election.
Some people say that Tim is very rich.
1) It is said that Tim is very rich.
= 2) Tim is said to be very rich.
John thought that she was attractive.
1)It was thought that she was attractive.
=2) She was thought to be attractive.
附：适用于这种结构的动词主要有—
1）引述动词：report, say, report, state, announce, agree, etc;
2）观点动词：think, consider, know, claim, agree, assume, etc;
3）建议动词：suggest, advise, recommend, etc;
4）愿望动词：wish, hope, expect, etc.
请仿照例子改写以下的句子：
People believe that this herbal medicine is very effective.
Someone said that there is plenty of oil off our coast.
We all know that America was discovered by Columbus.
Some people suggest that we choose a new agent.
Some one proposed that we give up the plan.
II. 用主动结构表示被动的含义的情况：
1. 表示开始，结束意义的动词，如：start, begin, open, close, finish, stop, end, etc.
When will the concert begin?
The shop opens at 7 a.m. and closes at 8 p.m.
The train leaves at 8.30 a.m.
The show started at 7 p.m. and ended at 9 p.m.
A car stopped at the school gate.
The door opened, and Mr. Brown came in.
The door blew shut. The door won’t open.
2. 表示烹调，饮食的动词如：cook, eat, drink, etc.
The dinner is cooking.
This fruit eats well.
3. 联系动词/感官动词如：look, feel, taste, smell, sound, etc.
You look quite well today.
Mary seems a nice girl.
This dish tastes delicious.
The music sounds sweet.
His theory sounds reasonable.
My question must sound silly to some people.
It sounds like a good idea.
The meat smells terrible. Your coffee smells great.
Cotton feels soft.
4. 动词read, write, sell, keep, show, play, clean, wash, wear, etc., 可用主动结构表被动含义：
The name should read “Benson”, not “Benton”.
The letter reads as follows……..
I rewrote the last paragraph because it didn’t read very well.
This pen writes well. The pen writes smoothly.
This new car model sells well. This wine is selling well.
This magazine sells at $4.00.
The concert tickets cist too much and skid badly/didn’t sell well.
This record has sold over a million copies.
(注意：Sorry, the tickets are sold out. The shirts were cheap and sold out fast.)
Meat won’t keep long in hot weather. (保鲜)
The fish won’t keep; we must eat it now.
The coat washes easily. This fabric doesn’t wash well. (耐洗)
What’s showing at the cinema this week?
5. 表示运动或变化的某些动词，如：drive, change, move, etc.
This new kind of car drives smoothly.
However hard they pushed, the bus wouldn’t move.
6. 表示测量，读数, 价格，变化结果的动词，如：cost, measure, weigh, read, show, etc.
The book costs $5.00.
This desk measures 125x60 cms.
These apples weigh 30 kilos.
The thermometer reads 33 degrees.
The clock showed 20 minutes past 2.
The latest results show a 15% rise in our profits.
请注意：以上1-6 中的动词多数都是做不及物动词使用。不及物动词由于不带宾语，原则上是没有被动结构的。以上的例子多是特殊情况。
7. be + 形容词+ 不定式to + 动词原形的结构，主语是物，但不定式的动词用主动表被动含义；
This problem is not easy to work out.
Theory of Relativity isn’t easy to understand.
The room is comfortable to live in.
8. 名词+不定式的结构，作为名词定语的不定式通常用主动形式表示被动关系：
I’ve got some letters to write.
She has nothing to do today.
9. 动词不定式to blame, to seek, to compare, to let在句子中作主语补足语时，其主动形式表示被动意义：
You’re not to blame for what happened.
The house is to let.
III. 其他被动结构（即不是用的“be动词+过去分词”被动结构）
1.主语（物）+need +动词ing
The flowers need watering. (= The flowers need to be watered.)
The bike needs repairing. (= The bike needs to be repaired.)
The wall needs repainting. (= The wall needs to be repainted.)
Your composition doesn’t need rewriting. (= Your composition doesn’t need to be rewritten.) ---- 在以上的例子中主语与need后动词之间构成了被动关系。
*请比较: 主语（人）+need +to+动词原形
I need to have a rest before I set off.
She needed to do more physical exercise.
Do I need to bring my textbook here?
*与need doing相似的结构还有：
The child wants looking after well.
Does your suit require pressing, Sir?
The book is worth reading.
This movie is worth watching.
The film is well worth seeing.
Exercise: Chinese-English Translation:
The computer is very old. It needed ___________. (更换)
The training course was too long. It needed ________. (缩减)
You will need _____________. (接受使用新的电脑系统训练)
2.have/get + something +过去分词(宾语something与过去分词之间构成了被动关系)
I want to have my hair cut tonight.
I’ve just had my bedroom decorated.
She had her car repaired yesterday.
Jim had a tooth pulled out this morning.
I finally got my roof fixed!
The fridge isn’t working properly. We’re having it examined.
Miss Li, could you please get this document photocopied for me?
We have to get the work done today.
The man hasn’t had his fingernails cut for ten years.
John got his car stolen last week.
Billy got his leg broken yesterday.
She had her house destroyed in the earthquake.
Get your hair cut! Boy.
Get your eyes tested!
*与此相似的结构还有：
I’d like it (to be) fried/ cleaned/ dry washed/ repaired.
*注意：不要把该结构与“have + somebody + 动词原形(让某人做某事)”结构混淆。
I had Jim repair my car this morning.
I had my car repaired this morning.
She has had someone collect her children.
She has had her children collected.
（该结构中的宾语是人，宾语后是省略了to的不定式，不定式动作与宾语人之间是主动关系）
Exercise: Chinese-English Translation:
The main change is that we _________________ (安装了一套新的电脑系统)。
3. get+过去分词（该结构多用于口语, 而且后面不跟“by+真正的施动者”）
All the criminals got shot in the crossfire.
---- What happened?
--- John’s got hit!
Ben stole a car and got arrested.
The boy fell into the lake and got drowned.
They got caught in the traffic.
We got delayed because of the holiday traffic.
(We were delayed/ had been delayed……..)
I wasn’t surprised she got elected after all the efforts she made.
(……she was / had been elected……..)
I see Morton has got himself promoted at last.
IV. 被动语态的应用：
1. 不知道/不明确施事者（动作的执行者）是谁：
Some benches were put in the park so the visitors could take a rest after visiting the flower show.
The front window in the classroom was broken yesterday.
The time-table has been changed.
We haven't been informed of it
After my talk, I was asked to explain a point I had made.
2. 没有必要指出, 或故意不说出施事者：
I was told that Jim was late for yesterday’s conference. Is that true?
This matter will be dealt with as soon as possible.
I handed in my work to my supervisor. It was given back to me after a few days with careful comments.
My complaint has not been answered.
The customers were not served well.
You are requested to make a speech at next meeting.
My TV set is being repaired in the shop.
These books are written especially for children.
It is said that she is going to be married to a foreigner.
It is rumored that he has been appointed as successor to the president of our company.
It is generally considered impolite to ask one's age, salary, marriage, etc..
3.科学报告，调查报告，说明文，应用文中：
English is widely used in the business world nowadays.
The origin of the universe will probably never be explained.
Thousands of books are published every year and very few of them are noticed. Even those that are reviewed in the papers rarely reach large audiences.
The blue solution was added to the white powder.
It was observed that some fumes were emitted.
4.突出受动者：
Our roof was damaged in last night’s storm.
My car’s been scratched!
Thousands of beaches are polluted.
Charles I was beheaded in 1649.
5. 出于修辞的原因，或是说为了更好地安排句子:
The professor came to our school and warmly welcomed by the teachers and students.
I went to the party and was asked by my friends to do some cooking for them.
Bill,
1) John Biggs from the local newspaper phoned to say that he was going to put a story in the
paper saying that we are pretending to sell some organic food in the shop when actually it’s not.
2)I think it’s because we’ve been using that supplier who we didn’t look at properly and,
apparently, he uses artificial chemicals.
3)Probably the best thing to do is to tell the staff not to speak to the newspaper at the moment
and stop getting food from that supplier until we’ve sorted it out.
4)Remember those two assistants last year who we had to sack for speaking to the press.
Mary
1)I have been informed that an article will be published in Luton Daily concerning the organic
foods which are sold in our shop.
2)It appears that one of our suppliers was not checked sufficiently before we began taking his
produce and that artificial chemicals are used on this farm.
3)Staff are advised not to discuss this problem with the newspaper until the matter is dealt with.
Food from this supplier will be stopped until further notice.
4)May I remind you that two staff had to be dismissed last year for unauthorized contact with
the press.
被动语态自我检测 Name _______________ I. 将下列句子改为被动语态： 1. People make paper from wood. 2. A car knocked him down yesterday. 3. The workers are painting the wall white. 4. My brother often makes me do this or that. 5. I can’t find the magazine you lent me last week. 6. We know that England is an island country. 7. He told us a long and interesting story last night. 8. Students listen to the teacher carefully in class. II. 下列句子有错吗？有的请改正： 1.The dish is tasted delicious. ____________ 2.Jack was seen take away your umbrella. ____________ 3.So far many tall buildings were built in the nearby cities. ____________ 4.This passage is well worth being read. ____________ 5.This kind of book sells well. ____________ 6.The kids are taken good care in this kindergarten. ____________ 7.The accident was happened near the park last night. ____________ 8.The task will be finished in two weeks. ____________ III. 用括号内的动词填空： 1. The window ______________ (break) when I got there. 2. These pictures must _________ (keep) well. 3. She _________ (fall) ill last night, and she _________(take) to the hospital at once. 4. Rice and wheat ____________(grow) in my hometown, too. Look! The Crops ____________(grow) fast in the fields. 5. _________ the street lights usually ______(turn) on at seven in summer evening ? 6. It __________ (say) that Mr. Li twisted his ankle badly last night. ________ the doctor __________(send) for at once ? 7. We used a teapot before the thermos(暖水瓶) __________(invent). 8. What language __________(speak) in Japan ? 9. A new bride _____________(build) this time last year. 10. The doctor said Jim must ___________(operate) on at once. 11. A lot of trees ______________(plant) along the river in the following two years. 12. A lot of tall buildings _____________(set up) since last year.
被动语态（2） 5. 带双宾语、带复合宾语的动词以及带表语的连系动词 带双宾语的动词： A 1). give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. (给某人某物) 2).offer sb sth= offer sth to sb (向某人主动提供某物) 3).hand/ pass sb sth = hand / pass sth to sb (递给某人某物) 4).tell sb sth =tell sth to sb (告诉某人某事) 5).write sb. sth = write sth to sb (给某人写封信) 6).show sb sth = show sth. to sb (给某人看某物) 7).post sb. Sth. = post sth. to sb. (给某人邮寄某物) 8).promise sb. Sth. = promise sth. to sb. (答应某人某事) 9).sell sb. Sth. = sell sth. to sb. (卖某物给某人) 10).send sb. Sth. = send sth. to sb. (送（寄给）给他一件礼物) 11).return sb. Sth. = return sth. to sb. (还给某人某物) 12).teach them a song (教某人一首歌) 13).read sb. letter = read a letter to sb. (给他读一封信) 14).wish sb. good luck.(祝愿某人交好运) 15). bring sb. sth. = bring sth. to sb.把某物给某人带来 16). lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb.把某物借给某人 17). supply sb sth.=supply sth. to sb.给某人提供某物 B 1).buy sb. Sth. = buy sth. for sb. (给某人买某物) 2).draw sb. a picture = draw a picture for sb. (给某人画画) 3).make him a cake = make a cake for him (给他们做蛋糕) 4).sing him a song = sing a song for him (给他唱首歌) 5).provide sb. sth.=provide sth. for sb.给某人提供某物
被动语态2 I. 主动语态转换成被动语态时应注意的一些结构： 1. 双宾语结构（主语+谓语+间宾+直宾） He gave me a pen. 1)I was given a pen. (用主动句中的间宾作主语) 2) A pen was given to me. (用主动句中的直宾作主语---注意：这种改法需要添加介词) He showed me some photos. 1) I was shown some photos. 2) Some photos were shown to me. 请仿照例子改写以下的句子： They lent me some money. She bought them some apples. Father has told us the story. 2. 宾补结构(主语+谓语+宾语+补语) 2.1 现在分词作宾补： We found him lying in bed. He was found lying in bed. I saw John watching TV in his room. John was seen watching TV in his room. 请仿照例子改写以下的句子： Someone saw David playing football at the playground. Someone found Jimmy dating with a pretty girl. 2.2 不定式作宾补： The teacher encouraged us to work hard at English. We were encouraged to work hard at English. The policeman didn’t allow the driver to park his car there. The driver wasn’t allowed to park his car there. 请仿照例子改写以下的句子： Jim’s parents asked him to clean the kitchen. The school authority requests the students to wear school uniforms. The company required the candidates to present themselves 15 minutes before the interview begins.
句容二中被动语态专项练习二 一、把下列句子变为被动语态（20分） 1. People speak English in many countries. 2．He often helps Tom when Tom is in trouble. 3．We saw a bus running towards us at that time 4.We heard her sing at the party last Sunday. 5.You must take good care of the children. 6.He wrote a book on computers. 7.We planted millions of trees last year. 8.She told me about it just now. 9.They are preparing for the exam. 10.People may use English everywhere in the world. 二、选择填空（32分） ()1.The strange thing was used ______ wine（酒）by ancient（古代的）people. A.for drink B.to drink C.drinking D.drinked ()2.Today,too many trees are still _____ in the world. A.cutting down B.cut down C.being cut down D.cutted down ()3.English _____ in many countries,but Chinese _____ their own languages. A.is spoken,speaks B.speaks,is spoken C.is spoken,speaken D.is spoken,is spoken ()4.This kind of apple ______ in Jinzhou. A.is grown B.grow C.grew D.are grown ()5.These young trees must ______ after well. A.look B.looks after C.be looked D.looked ()6.My coat is made _____ cool（羊毛）and silk. A.to B.for C.from D.of ()7.Our teacher was seen ______ to the office a moment ago. A.go B.to go C.going D.goes ()8.The Oxford Castle（城堡）_____ by Henry·H(1154-1189).It is in very good condition now. A.built B.was built C.has been built D.is built ()9.Ice can be _____ water.
?.被动语态 动词语态（Voice）是表示动词主语与动词所表示的动作之间关系的?种动词形式。动词语态有两种：主动语态（T he Act ive Voice）和被动语态（T he Passive Voice）。主动语态表示主语是动作的执?者。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。动词被动语态由“be＋过去分词”构成。 ? 能?于被动语态的动词特征 1．只有及物动词才能?于被动语态。例如： T he poem was writ t en by him. 这?诗是他写的。 A new element has been discovered by t he scient ist. ?个新元素已被这位科学家发现。2．注意某些及物动词语态的正确使? （1）表示情感的动词 excit e 使…激动，int erest 使…产?兴趣，sat isfy 使…满意，delight 使…?兴，please 使…?兴，ast onish使…惊奇，puzzle 使…困惑，confuse 使…糊涂，embarrass 使…尴尬，annoy 使…不悦，amaze 使…惊异，等。 例如： T he news excit ed us. 消息使我们激动。 We were excit ed at t he news. 听到消息我们很激动。 T he int erview sat is?ed t he manager. 访谈使经理满意。 T he manager was sat is?ed wit h t he int erview. 经理对访谈很满意。 （2）表示受伤的动词hurt, injure, wound。例如： T he driver hurt himself in t he accident. T he driver was hurt in t he accident. 驾驶员在事故中受伤。 T he bullet wounded his back. He was wounded in t he back. 他背部被?弹打伤。 （3）其他动词如base 以…为基础，line 沿…排列，?ll 使…充满，separat e 使…分离，crowd 塞满，cover 覆盖，等。例如： He based his ?lm on a t rue st ory. His ?lm was based on a t rue st ory. 他的影?以?个真实故事为基础。 Green t rees line t he highway. T he highway is lined wit h green t rees. 绿树沿公路排列。 She covered t he ?oor wit h a red carpet. T he ?oor was covered wit h a red carpet. 地板上铺着红地毯。 T he st rait separat es t he island from t he mainland. T he island is separat ed from t he mainland by t he st rait. 海峡把岛和?陆隔开。 ? 不能?于被动语态的动词特征 1．不及物动词不能?作被动语态
第二章被动语态 语态也是动词的一种形式，表示主语与谓语之间的关系。英语有两种语态：主动语态(active voice) 和被动语态(passive voice)。主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者，而被动语态则表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。 一、被动语态的构成 被动语态是由助动词be加及物动词的过去分词构成，如果有必要强调动作的执行者，动作执行者可以由介词by引出的短语表示。助动词be随主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。 A. 十种常见时态的被动语态 1. 一般现在时 主动语态：do 被动语态：amisare done We clean the classroom every day. 我们每天打扫教室。 The classroom is cleaned by us every day. 教室每天都由我们打扫。 Such songs are usually sung by girls. 这些歌通常是女孩子们唱的。 Russian is not taught in our school. 我们学校不教俄语。 Are many goods shipped abroad every day 每天都有许多货物运往国外吗 2. 一般过去时 主动语态：did 被动语态：waswere done We cleaned the classroom yesterday. 昨天我们打扫了教室。
The classroom was cleaned by us yesterday. 昨天教室被我们打扫了。 The window was broken by my son. 窗子是我儿子打破的。 Were many trees planted on the hill yesterday 昨天山上种了许多树吗？ How much money was stolen in all 一共被偷了多少钱？ 3. 一般将来时 主动语态：willshall do 被动语态：willshall be done We will clean the classroom soon. 我们很快要打扫教室。 The classroom will be cleaned soon. 教室很快要被打扫了。 The work will be done immediately. 这工作将马上做。 Will the school sports meeting be held next week？校运动会将在下星期举行吗？ When shall we be given a lecture on the Internet 什么时候给我们作有关因特网的讲座？ 4. 一般过去将来时 主动语态：would do 被动语态：would be done We told him that we would clean the classroom soon. 我们告诉他我们马上就打扫教室。 We told him that the classroom would be cleaned soon. 我们告诉他教室很快就会被打扫的。 He said that a new trade center would be built in the centre of the city. 他说一个新的贸易中心将在市中心建起来。
被动语态练习题二(解析 一、单项选择被动语态 1．This is one of the best films _______. A．that have been shown this year B．that have shown C．that has been shown this year D．that you talked 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查定语从句和时态。句意：这是今年上映的最好的电影之一。此处为定语从句，先行词为the one，有最高级the best 修饰，关系代词应该用that，在从句中作主语，语境表明使用现在完成时，而且谓语要用第三人称单数，故C项正确。 2．The two nurses ________ 100，000 yuan by the police but donated it to victims of the explosion. A．rewarded B．would be rewarded C．have been rewarded D．had been rewarded 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：句意：这两位护士被警方奖赏100，000元，但是她们把钱捐给了爆炸事故的受害者。根据“but donated it to victims of the explosion.”，可知“她们把钱捐给了爆炸事故的受害者”已经是发生在过去的事情，而“两位护士被警方奖赏100，000元”是发生在过去的过去，故用过去完成时，且“两位护士”和“奖赏”是被动关系，故用被动语态，选D。 考点：考查时态和语态 3．The new library ________; it will be open next year. A．had been built B．was built C．was being built D．is being built 【答案】D 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：图书馆正在建设中；明年开放。根据后面一句可推知，图书馆是正在建设中，所以要用进行时，图书馆是被建的，要用被动。所以本句要用现在进行时的被动语态。故选D。 4．The singer’s music video nearly 9 million times since it was posted on the Internet four weeks ago. A．viewed B．has viewed C．was viewed D．has been viewed 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：考查动词时态与语态辨析。A. viewed，一般过去式；B. was viewed过去式的被
主动语态与被动语态 (VOICES) 语态分为主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者。 1. 英语的被动语态常用于以下场合: (1) 强调/突出动作的承受者(可带by 短语): 例:Much of the country is covered by forests, and wood is cut and sold all over the world. 整个国家的大部分地区都被森林所覆盖，木材被砍下来销售到世界各地。 (2) 不知道或无须说出动作的执行者(不带by 短语): 例:Your letter has been received. 你的来信已经收到了。 (3) 为使句子结构简练和紧凑,上下连贯. 例:For centuries after Jia Sixie died, it was studied by Chinese farmers and students of farming. 在贾思勰去世后的许多世纪中，中国农民和农业研究工作者还在学习他的这本书。 (4) 在科技文献中，为了客观地描述事物及其过程，常使用被动语态. 例: Cars of this kind were made in the eighties. 这种小汽车是80年代制造的。 (5) 在新闻报道中,为了体现新闻的客观性. 例:Fifteen million trees had been blown down by the high winds---- 一千五百万棵树被剧风刮倒---- 常用被动语态 构成 常用被动语态 构成 1 一般现在时 am/are/is + v.pp. 6 过去进行时 was/were being + v.pp. 2 一般过去时 was/were + v.pp. 7 现在完成时 have /has been + v.pp. 3 一般将来时 will/shall +be + v.pp. am/are/is going to + be + v.pp. 8 过去完成时 had +been + v.pp. 4 过去将来时 should/ would + be + v.pp. was/were going to be + v.pp. 9 将来完成时 will/would have been v.pp 5 现在进行时 am/are/is being + v.pp. 10 含有情态动词的 can/must/may be +v.pp 注 意 事 项 被动语态的否定式是在第一个助动词或情态动词后加not ，短语动词的被动态不可漏掉其中介副词。固定结构be going to, used to, have to, had better 变为被动态时，只需将其后的动词变为被动态。 例：Trees should not be planted in summer. / The boy was made fun of by his classmates. Newspapers used to be sent here by the little girl. 汉语有一类句子不出现主语，在英语中一般可用被动结构表示。 例：It is believed that… It is generally considered that… It is hoped that… It must be admitted that… It is well known that… It must be pointed out that… It is supposed that… It is reported that… It is said that… 下面主动形式常表示被动意义： 例：The window wants/needs/requires repairing. The book is worth reading twice. The door won’t shut. / The play won’t act. The clothes washes well. / The book sells well. The dish tastes delicious. / Water feels very cold. 下面词或短语没有被动态： leave, enter, reach, become, benefit, cost, equal, contain, last, lack, fit, fail, have, appear, happen, occur, belong to, take place, break out, come about, agree with, keep up with, consist of, have on, lose heart, lie,等等 特殊情况： 情态动词 + be + 动词的过去分词 例：You must return the library book on time. The library book must be returned on time. You must take him to the hospital as soon as possible. He must be taken to the hospital as soon as possible. 用法： ⑴不知道或不需要知道动作的执行者；⑵或要强调动作的承受者。 基本结构： 助动词 + v.pp.
英语被动语态用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择被动语态 1．As is estimated, more than 20 million shared bikes ______ into operation nationwide by 2025. A．will have been put B．will have put C．have been put D．will be putting 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意：据估计，到2025年为止，全国将有2000多万辆共享单车投入运营。根据by 2025可知应用将来完成时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故应为将来完成时的被动语态。故选A。 2．Our teacher keeps telling us that the future to the well-educated. A．belonging B．belongs C．is belonging D．is belonged 【答案】B 【解析】 考查短语：belong to 属于，没有进行时态没有被动语态。故答案选B。 3．________scores of times, but Derek still couldn’t understand how to use past participle in a concrete situation. A．Having explained B．Having been explained C．Though it was explained D．It was explained 【答案】D 【解析】 因为有连词but，前面应是完整的句子，排除A,B; Though不能和but同时使用，所以选D。 4．一When shall we start the restoration of the historic buildings? 一Not until our plan________ by the committee． A．will be approved B．approves C．is to approve D．has been approved 【答案】D 【解析】 这题考查时态语态，our plan和approve是被动关系，用被动，选择A或D。A项是一般将来时，not until引导的是时间状语从句，不能用将来时，可以用一般现在时或现在完成时，选D。 5．The affairs of each country should be by its own people. A．elected B．settled C．developed D．contained
区分不同时态的被动语态（二） 即学即练 1. A red sky in the morning _______ to be a sign of bad weather. A. says B. is saying C. is said D. is being said 2. The book _______ for anyone who wants to learn more about the Internet. A. is intended B. has intended C. is intending D. will intend 3. Blood is the medium in which oxygen _______ to all parts of the body. A. is carried B. has carried C. is carrying D. will carry 4. If the package _______ well, we assume the contents are also wonderful. A. is wrapped B. has wrapped C. is wrapping D. will wrap 5. Both hydrogen and oxygen are elements, but water, which _______ when they combine, is not. A. is formed B. has formed C. is forming D. will form 6. The swimmer hung on to the rope and _______ to safety. A. is pulled B. has pulled C. was pulled D. was pulling 7. Einstein _______ the Nobel Prize for his contribution to Quantum Theory. A. is awarded B. has awarded C. was awarded D. was awarding 8. They ought to have arrived at lunchtime but the flight _______. A. is delayed B. has delayed C. was delayed D. was delaying 9. The crunch came when she _______ to choose between her marriage and her career. A. is forced B. has forced C. was forced D. was forcing 10. I _______ to wait four hours before I was examined by a doctor.
中考被动语态-----特殊句型篇 目录 一.复习被动语态的八种时态 二.特殊句型和动词的被动语态 ㈠简单句的被动语态 ⑴双宾语 ⑵复合宾语 ㈡宾语从句 ㈢祈使句 肯定 否定 ㈣短语动词 (包括动介和动副两种) ㈤情态动词 附：课堂练习学案
内容 一.复习被动语态的六种时态 一般现在时：am／is／are＋p．p． 一般过去时：was／were＋p．p． 一般将来时：shall ／will be ＋p．p． 现在完成时：have ／has been ＋p．p． 现在进行时：am／is／are＋being＋p．p． 过去将来时：should ／would be ＋p．p． （含情态动词的被动结构：情态动词＋be＋p．p．） 小测验： ① Chinese ______ by the largest number of people． A．speak B．is speaking C．speaks D．is spoken （2002长沙） ② The boy ______ to get supper ready after school． A．were told B．is telling C．was told D．tells （2002四川眉山） ③ A lot of new roads ______ built in the west of China． A．must B．must be C．has D．have
二.特殊句型和动词的被动语态 ㈠简单句的被动语态 在这讲开始之前我们先一起复习一下以前学习过的简单句的六种基本结构：1）主 + 动 + 表（SVP）例如： John is busy.约翰忙. 2）主 + 动（SV）例如： I work.我工作. 3）主 + 动 + 宾（SVO）例如： She studies English.她学英语. English is studied by her. 4）主 + 动 + 间宾 + 直宾（SVOiOd）例如： My mother made me a new dress.我母亲给我做了一件新衣裳. I was made a new dress by my mother. a new dress was made for me by my mother. 5）主 + 动 + 宾 + 补（SVOC）例如： Time would prove me right.时间会证明我是对的. I would be proved right by time. 1.S+VT+O We visited the factory. The factory was visited by us. 2.双宾语 主 + 动 + 间宾 + 直宾（SVOiOd） 例如： 主动句：I gave Tom a pencil. 被动句①：Tom was given a pencil (by me). 被动句②：A pencil was given ______ Tom (by me). 主动句：I bought Tom a pencil. 被动句①：Tom was bought a pencil (by me). 被动句②：A pencil was bought ______ Tom (by me). 注意：1.由to还是for连接间接宾语的动词 由to连接间接宾语的动词,侧重动作的方向。表示“朝着，向着，对着某人。”由for连接间接宾语的动 词，侧重动作的受益者。表 示“为了某人，替某人。” 既可由to 也可由 for 连接间接宾 语的动词
被动语态的用法 学习被动语态的几个问题 被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，表示句子中的主语是动作的承受者，汉语往往用“被”、“受”、“给”等词来表示被动意 义。 1. 被动语态的各种时态 被动语态（The Passive Voice）是动词的一种形式，表示主语是谓语动词的承受者。被动语态便于论述客观事实，故常用于科技文章、新闻报道、书刊介绍以及景物描写。被动语态没有将来进行时、过去将来进行时和完成进行时形式。 1）一般现在时The boy is called Johnson. 2）一般过去时Where were you educated? 3）一般将来时The result will not be announced until 6 o’clock. 4）现在进行时The road is being repaired. 5）过去进行时He was being looked after by his sister. 6）现在完成时She hasn’t been told about it yet. 7）过去完成时She told me that the factory had been closed down. 8）将来完成时This project will have been completed by the end of this year. 2. 主动语态变被动语态需要注意的几个问题. （1）时态保持一致。 The teacher punished him many times for his lateness. He has been punished many times for his lateness. （2）谓语为动词短语的被动语态不能丢掉动词短语的介词或副词。 His best friend often looks after him. 被动语态He is often looked after by his best friend. （3）主动语态中若有双宾语,将其中一个宾语变为被动句的主语,另一个宾语不变。动词make/buy/mend/get用for;动词give/show/pass/send/lend/bring/take用to) Vivian gave me a book. (被动1) I was given a book by Vivian. (被动2) A book was given to me by Vivian. （4）主动语态若有复合宾语，（即句子结构为主＋Vt＋宾＋宾补），将主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语，宾补不变。 They call him Louis. 被动语态:He is called Louis. （5）主动语态句中动词make, have, let(使sb做sth), notice. see. watch, look at, hear, listen to,
第二章被动语态（二）三、主动语态变被动语态 中国人的思维的着眼点在动作的施动者，英美人思维的着眼点在动作的承受者。 中国人常这样说：I expect you to be there on time. 我希望你准时到那里。 英美人常这样说：You are expected to be there on time. 希望你准时到那里。 这就是英语中被动语态的使用比汉语中多的原因。由于英语句子的主动语态结构不同，因而变成被动语态的方式也各不相同。 A. 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 “主语 + 谓语 + 宾语”结构中只有一个宾语，变为被动语态时，将宾语变为主语： They will discuss the plan at the meeting. 他们将在会议上讨论这个问题。 --> The plan will be discussed at the meeting. 这个问题将在会议上讨论。 In the past the king possessed great wealth. 过去国王拥有巨大的财富。 --> In the past great wealth was possessed by the king. 过去，巨大的财富为国王所拥有。 B. 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 在这个句型中，谓语动词跟有两个宾语。变成被动语态时，一般将通常指人的间接宾语转化成主语，但有时也可将指物的间接宾语转化成主语： We gave the student some books. 我们给了这个学生几本书。 --> The student was given some books. 这个学生被给了几本书。 --> Some books were given to the student. 几本书被给了这个学生。 His father bought him a computer last week. 上周他父亲给他买了一台电脑。 --> He was bought a computer by his father last week. 上周他父亲给他买了一台电脑。 --> A computer was bought for him by his father last week. 上周他父亲给他买了一台电脑。 注意：用直接宾语作被动语态的主语时，通常要在间接宾语前加上适当的介词(如to, for, of等)，以加强间接宾语的语气。 They awarded him the Nobel Prize. 他们授予他诺贝尔奖。
一、被动语态的意义 谓语动词的语态表示句子的主语和谓语动作之间的关系。当句子主语是谓语动作的执行者时，主、谓之间的关系称为主动语态；当句子的主语是谓语动作的承受者时，主、谓之间的关系称为被动语态。例如： I teach English.（主动语态） 我教英语。
Our English is taught by him.（被动 语态）我们的英语是由他教的。 He speaks English.（主动语态） 他说英文。 English is spoken in many countries all o ver the world.（被动语态） 世界许多国家都讲英语。 二、被动语态的各种形式 通常有十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为： 1.am/is/are being done (现在进行时)
A road is being built around the mountain. Many new houses are being built in this city. 2.am/is/are+done(一般现在时) I’m asked to take care of myself. Football is played all over the world. 3.has/have been done(现在完成时)
This book has been translated into many foreign languages. The prices of many goods have been cut again. 4.had been done(过去完成时) A new school had been set up by the end of last year. When the anthem had been played the conference began. 5.was/were done(一般过去时)