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江苏新版牛津英语7B_Unit_1_知识点

江苏新版牛津英语7B_Unit_1_知识点
江苏新版牛津英语7B_Unit_1_知识点

江苏新版牛津英语7B Unit 1 知识点

Comic strip

1.Would you like to live in a palace, Eddie? 你想住在宫殿里吗,Eddie?

①Would you like to do sth.? 你愿意做某事吗?(用来提建议)

肯定回答:Yes, I’d like/love to.或Yes, I’d like that.

否定回答:No, thanks.或I’d like to, but ...

e.g: --你愿意和我一起打篮球吗?--不好意思!我很想去,但我有很多作业要做。--Would you like to play basketball with me?

--Sorry! I’d like to, but I have a lot of homework to do.

would like = want

would like sth./to do sth. 想要某物/做某事

②palace “皇宫,宫殿”, 指古代皇帝的宫殿或主教、大主教的住宅,也可表示“豪华住宅”“公共娱乐大厦”。

Palace(首字母大写)与the连用,可表示“宫廷中显要的人”,尤指国王或王后,此时谓语动词用单数形式。

2.No, I’d like to live next to a restaurant. 不,我想要住在隔壁的饭店里。

next to “紧挨着,在……的旁边”,其后可接表示地点的名词或代词。

e.g: The Water Cube is next to the Bird’s Nest.

next to = beside或close to

e.g: Lily lives in the room next/close to our room. 莉莉住在我们隔壁的房间里。

3.There are twenty restaurants in town. 在城里有二十家餐馆。

in town 在城里,town前无须加定冠词the

类似结构:in hospital 住院

at school 在学校

town比village(村子)大,比city(城市)小;与country(乡村)相对时,town 表示“城市”,town and country城乡。

4.--Which is your favourite? --哪一个是你最喜欢的?

--The biggest one in Fifth Street! --第五大街最大的一个。

①favourite

(n.)最喜欢的人或事物

(adj.)最喜欢的=like ... best

e.g: 面条是我最喜欢的食物。

Noodles are my favourite food. = I like noodles best.

②biggest 最高级,用于三者或三者以上(人或物)的比较,前面一定要加定冠词the,后面长带of/in短语来说明比较的范围。

e.g: He is the tallest in our class. 他是我们班最高的。

Welcome to the unit

1.Which country is this photo from, Simon?

country (n.)国家,复数:countries

(n.)农村,乡村

e.g: China is a great country. 中国是一个伟大的国家。

My grandfather likes to live in the country. 我爷爷喜欢住在农村。

2.Is Tokyo the capital of Japan? 东京是日本的首都吗?

capital (n.)首都the capital of ……的首都

(n.)省会the capital of ……的省会

(adj.)大写的The capital letter of “g” is “G”.

*部分国家与相应的首都:

Reading

1.I live in a town 15 miles from London. 我住在一个离伦敦15公里远的小镇上。mile (n.)英里,复数:miles,表示距离。

固定结构:基数词+mile(s)+from sp.,表示离某地多少英里。

e.g: My home is 2 miles from my school. 我家离学校两英里远。

类似mile的用法:metre米,kilometre千米

2.My family and I often sit there and enjoy a cup of tea.

我的家人和我经常坐在那边喝茶。

①[解析family, house与home]

e.g: My home is in Beijing, China, with a family of three. We live in a large house. 我家在中国北京,是个三口之家。我们住在一栋大房子里。 ②a cup of tea

一杯茶

固定短语a cup of(一杯……)用于不可数名词量的表达。 a cup of 的复数结构为“数词 + cups of...”

3. I live in a flat in the centre of Moscow.

我住在莫斯科中心的一座公寓房里。

centre 常与the 连用,意为“中心,中央,中心点” in the centre of... 意为“在……的中心” e.g: the centre of a circle

圆心

The library is in the centre of the city. 图书馆在市中心。

[辨析middle 与centre]

4.It’s not big, but we have a nice living room.

它不大,但是我们有一间漂亮的客厅。

living room “起居室,客厅”,是房屋构成的一部分。

[拓展]一般房屋的构成:

5.I share a bedroom with my sister. 我和姐姐共用一间卧室。

share--本句中为及物动词,“共用,分享”。当表示“与某人分享,与某人共用”时,可用share sth. with sb.。

e.g: Eli shares his chocolate with the other kids.

伊莱与其他孩子一起分享他的巧克力。

share--名词,“一份,份额”。常构成短语a share of... 一份……

one’s share of 某人的一份……

e.g: Don’t worry. Everyone has his share of food.不必担心,每个人都有一分食物。

6.We often listen to music in bed. 我们经常在床上听音乐。

in bed介词短语,意为“在床上”

[辨析in bed和on the bed]

in bed相当于under the covers,表示“在床上(指盖着被子)”

on the bed相当于on top of the covers,表示“在床上(指未打开被子)”

7.I have my own bedroom and bathroom. 我有我自己的卧室和浴室。

own作形容词,意为“自己的,特有的”,常和名词所有格或形容词性物主代词连用,表示“某人自己的”。

e.g: I see the whole accident with my own eyes. 我亲眼看到这次事故的全过程。own作及物动词,意为“拥有”,相当于have。

e.g: Now my parents own a hotel. 现在我的父母拥有一家旅馆。

owner名词,意为“拥有者”

e.g: Mr White is the owner of this shopping mall.怀特先生是这家购物中心的老板。

8.I love to sit there and look out at the beach and the sea.

我喜欢坐在那儿眺望沙滩和海洋。

①look out动词短语,意为“向外看”,后接宾语时要加介词at,即look out at;若接of,则构成look out of,表示“从……往外看”。

e.g: Tom often looks out of the window in class. 汤姆经常在课堂上朝窗外看。look out单独成句,表示“小心,注意”,常用在祈使句中,表示提醒,相当于be careful或take care。

e.g: Look out! A car is coming. 小心!一辆车开过来了。

*look常构成固定短语:

look for 寻找look around 环顾四周

look up 查阅,向上看look after 照顾

look like 看起来像

②sea名词,意为“海”,同音词为see(看见),对应词是land(陆地),常与定冠词the连用。

*see常构成固定短语:

by sea = by ship 乘轮船

at sea 在海上

in the sea 在海里

[提醒]sea常用于专有名词,此时sea的首字母要大写。

e.g: the China Sea 中国海

9.The bathroom is the best place to chat and watch TV.

the best place to do sth. 做某事的最好地方

句中不定式“to chat and watch TV”作后置定语,修饰“the best place”

e.g: Suzhou is the best place to visit in spring.在春天,苏州是游览的最好的地方。

10.In most homes, people have dinner in the bedroom.

most在这里作形容词,意为“大多数的,大部分的”,通常用来修饰名词。e.g: Most students are from the country in my class.我班上的大多数学生来自乡村。most还可作代词,意为“大多数;大部分”,常与介词of连用,并根据of后的名词确定谓语动词的形式。

e.g: I spend most of my time on my study. 我花费大部分的时间在学习上。Grammar

1.基数词

(1)构成:

①基数词1~12是独立的单词,无规律可循。

②基数词13~19基本是在3~9后加后缀-teen。

③20~90各整十位数都以-ty结尾。

④21~99除整十位数外,十位和个位间要加连字符“-”。

⑤100~999先说“几百”加and,再说末尾两位数或末位数。

⑥1000以上的数,从后往前每三位加一个千分号,第一个千分号在的位置为thousand,第二个千分号在的位置为million,第三个千分号在的位置为billion,依此类推。

[提醒]

①当hundred, thousand, million等前面有具体数词时,要用单数。

e.g: About 1.35 million people live in our city. 大约有135万人居住在我们市。

②表示不确定的数目要用“hundred, thousand...的复数+of”结构。

e.g: There are hundreds of people in the hall. 礼堂里有数以百计的人。

2.Red Square in Moscow is about 91,000 square metres in size.

莫斯科红场约有九万一千平方米大。

in size介词短语,意为“在大小上”

e.g: My pencil is different from yours in size. 我的铅笔盒大小和你的不一样。

类似的固定短语有:

in area 按面积计算,在面积方面

in weight 在重量上

in colour 在颜色上

3.France has an area of over 260,000 square miles.

法国面积超过二十六万平方千米。

①have an area of相当于be ... in area,表示“……的面积是……”,该句与“France is

over 260,000 square miles in area.”同义。

e.g: The farm has an area of 100 square kilometres. 这个农场占地100平方千米。

②over介词,意为“超过”,相当于more than。

e.g: There are over 100 people in the supermarket. 超市里有100多个人。

[拓展]over的其他用法:

4.序数词

(1)构成:

①第一、第二、第三分别为:first, second, third。

②第4~19都由基数词加-th构成。注意fifth(第5),eighth(第8),ninth(第9),twelfth(第12)的拼写。

③整十位数序数词,将y变为ie,然后再加-th。

④几十几的序数词,十位数用基数词,个位数用序数词,中间加连字符“-”。

⑤百、千、万等的序数词,由hundred, thousand, million等加-th,前面加基数词构成。

[提醒]

①使用序数词时,前面应加定冠词the,但序数词前如果已经有其他限定词,则不加the。

e.g: His first name is Mike. But I don’t know his family name.

他的名词叫迈克。但我不知道他的姓。

②序数词起副词作用时,前面不加the。

e.g: Daniel always comes first in maths exams. 丹尼尔总在数学考试中得第一。

③序数词前可以加a/按,不强调顺序,表示“另一个,再一个”。

e.g: Helen reads the text a second time. 海伦又把课文读了一遍。

④序数词也可用缩写形式。 e.g: fourth-4th

[拓展]英语中基数词变为序数词时,有一些特殊变化,口诀如下:

一、二、三,单独记;

八去t,九除e,ve要用f替;

整十基数变序数,

ty变成tie;

要是遇到两位数,

十位基数个位序,

th最后加上去。

Integrated skills

1.Your house is really different from the flats here in our town.

你的房子和我们镇上的公寓房真的不一样。

be different from...表示“与……不同”,本句中定冠词the不可省略,用于比较双方相同的事物。其反义短语为be the same as...,表示“与……相同”。

e.g: Country life is different from city life. 乡村生活与城市生活不同。

different的名词为difference,意为“不同点,不同的地方”。

e.g: I can tell the differences between the two words.我能说出这两个单词的区别。

2.Your garden is full of flowers. 你的花园满是鲜花。

be full of满是,充满,相当于be filled with。

[拓展]full形容词,意为“满的,饱的”,反义词分别为empty(空的),hungry(饿的)。

e.g: I’m full. I have enough. 我饱了。我吃得够多了。

3.I also have a bedroom of my own, but it is not big. 我也有一间自己的卧室,但是不大。

of one’s own属于某人自己的,原句中a bedroom of my own相当于my own bedroom。

on one’s own表示“独自”。

e.g: I have a car of my own. 我有一辆属于自己的轿车。

Lily goes to school by bus on her own every day.莉莉每天独自坐公共汽车去上学。

4.I hope to visit your home some day.我希望将来有一天拜访你家。

some day意为“将来有一天,总有一天”,也可写作someday,期中some表示“某个”,而不是“一些”。

e.g: You will be sorry about it some day. 总有一天你会对这件事感到后悔的。

5.Can I take a message? 我可以传个话吗?

message名词,意为“消息,音信”,复数为messages。

固定短语:take a message 传个话,捎个口信。

e.g: Let’s leave her a message to meet us at the railway station.

让我们留个口信,让她到火车站去见我们吧。

[拓展]message构成的短语有:

send a message 发送信息

leave a message 留下口信

6.Can you ask him to call me back? 你能让他给我回个电话吗?

call sb. back 给某人回电话,相当于ring/phone/telephone sb. back。

call动词,意为“打电话”。

[拓展]

①call动词, 意为"叫,喊"。

e.g: I hear someone calling for help. 我听到有人在呼救。

②call动词,意为“访问,拜访”,常用短语有:call on sb. 拜访某人;call at sp. 访问某地。

e.g: He wants to call on you at your office. 他明天想到你的办公室拜访你。

[提醒]英语中“打电话给某人”的表达方式:

call sb. (up) ring sb. (up) phone/telephone sb.

give sb. a call give sb. a ring make a phone call to sb.

Task

1.My dream home is at the foot of a hill. 我梦想的家是在山脚下。

①at the foot of 在……脚下

foot可表示“底部,下端”

the foot of the page 页脚

the foot of the stairs 楼梯底部

There is a small town at the foot of the mountain. 山脚下有一个小镇。

[拓展]类似的短语有:

at the top of 在……顶部

in the middle of 在……中间

at the bottom of 在……底部

②hill名词,意为“小山”,in the hill在山上。

[辨析]hill与mountain

hill指小山丘,比mountain小;mountain指比较大的山,比hill大。

2.I would like to invite my friends to watch films with me at the weekend.

我想要邀请我的朋友们在周末和我去看电影。

invite意为“邀请”,invite sb. to sp. 邀请某人去某地。该短语中,当表示地点的词是副词时,省略to。

e.g: You’d better invite him here. 你最好邀请他到这儿来。

[注意]invite后还可接动词不定式作宾语补足语,即invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事。

e.g: He doesn’t invite me to play basketball with him.

他没有邀请我和他一起打篮球。

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以语篇、语境带动语言学习 ——小学牛津英语4AM2U2教学案例 案例背景: 近年,上海的小学英语教学正实行着一次前所未有的改革,在小学英语领军人物、市教研员朱浦老师的带领下,小学英语教学从改变教学方式出发,着力于构建独立语段,从语段和语境的整体推动带动学生的语言学习,从而有效实现小学英语课堂的转型。 当前,我校英语教研组以“语篇教学中的单元设计”为主题项目实行课堂教学研究,分别就“语篇教学中的单元设计”之“目标再构、文本再构、过程再构”实行了一一研讨,本学期重在“过程再构”的研究。开学初,我有幸又拜读了朱浦老师的《关于小学英语独立语段教学的实践与思考》报告,对于独立语段中的“过程再构”加深了理解,从报告中谈到的三种“过程再构”模式中不难看出“语段和语境的整体推动是激发学生学习兴趣,调动学生语用情趣,提升学习有效性的教学策略和方式。” 案例描述: 4AM2U2教学主题Jobs,要求学生能够使用所学的的词汇来准确描述某人的职业,能使用What does…do?句型来询问职业,并用He’s/She’s…做出准确回答。在语言交流的过程中,促使学生了解各种职业,并树立自己今后的职业理想。 1. Read the short passage and then answer the question. Hello, I’m Jill. I’m ten years old. I’m a student. My student number is sixteen. I live near our school. I walk to school every day. I like reading. And I can play basketball well. I can dance too. I like dancing very much. (1) Read it by one student (2) Read together (3) Answer:What does Jill do? (She’s a student.) 片段二:从文本中学习新授词汇,操练新授句型。 1. Listen to Jill and then answer questions. I have a big family. There are eight people in it. They are my grandparents, my parents, my uncle, my aunt, my cousin and I. My father is a firefighter. He works at a fire station. He’s brave. My mother works in a hospital. She’s a nurse. She’s nice. Do you want to know others? Q:How many people are there in Jill’s family? Who are they? Q:What does Jill’s father/ mother do?

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