计算机英语教案2016

  • 格式:doc
  • 大小:378.50 KB
  • 文档页数:52

前言 1. Why: 考研复试 2. What:  Vocabulary: the keywords of computer and IT  Reading & Understanding: abilities of reading and understanding English textbook, papers, and English materials related with computer, with the aid of dictionary.  Translating: abilities of translating English papers into Chinese with the aid of dictionary.  Writing: abilities of writing resume and cover letter (CV and CL), abstract, and short paragraphs. I suppose you have known the basic grammars.

3. How  Attending the class and following the textbook  Self learning: practicing including reading professional materials in future study, writing papers, attending international conference, and so on. Suggestions: reading English version textbook, using English version software; browse English website and technical forum; try to record and review new words; English film;

4. Evaluation  Attendance + tests in class:10  Midterm homework:20, translating a short paper(about 4 pages) from English to Chinese  Final test:70 Unit 1 Computer and Computer Science Section A Computer Overview I. Introduction A computer is an electronic device that can receive a set of instructions, or program, and then carry out this program by performing calculations on numerical data or by manipulating other forms of information. 注意定语从句、并列成分。  Electronic device:电子设备; electronics 电子  Instruction:指令; instruction set  Program:程序;programming编程、程序设计; programmable 可编程  Carry out:执行,实行;贯彻;实现;完成  Perform:执行;完成;演奏;执行,机器运转;表演。Performance:性能。  Calculation:calculate 计算  Manipulate:操纵;操作;(巧妙地)处理;篡改。类似的词:handle, deal with, process, operate  Numerical data, Numerical analysis, numerical computing: 数值数据、数值分析、数值计算  Information:信息 information technology:IT 。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。 Q: Please give your own definition of the computer。 。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。 A computer is a general purpose device that can be programmed to carry out a set of arithmetic or logical operations. (from wiki)  Come about:发生、产生  Except for:除了…以外;要不是由于  The storage and handling of data:数据存储和处理  data:datum(单数)  transaction:交易、事务处理  automation:自动化、automatic、auto-  enhance:提高;加强;增加  construct:建造,构造;创立  universe:宇宙;世界;领域  conjecture:推测;猜想  database(s):数据库  computer networks:计算机网络  invasion:入侵,侵略;侵袭;侵犯, intrusion detection system(IDS)  privacy:隐私 privacy preservation. Security and privacy Review: 电子设备、指令、指令集合、数值数据、数据的存储和处理、事务(处理)、自动化、数据库、计算机网络、数据库服务、网络服务、个人隐私 。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。 II. History  adding machine:加法器 (add, subtract, multiply, divide)  precursor:先驱;pre- this device employed a series of ten-toothed wheels, each tooth representing a digit form 0 to 9. 分词独立成分  digit:数字,数位,位;数字;数字(码位),数位;数位, digital, digital computer  conceive:想出;构思;以为;持有  punched card/punch card:穿孔卡片  electrical contact:电触点  compile:编译,compilation, compiler编译程序,编译器 1. The analytical engine  analytical engine:分析机, analyze, analysis;search engine  work out:可以解决、设计出、作出、计算出、消耗完,figure out  principle:原理,principles of microcomputer  conceive: 构思、认为、持有;设想、考虑  difference engine:差分机,differential:微分,微分的  handle/deal with/process/perform/carry out/ operate/ manipulate/control  associate: 交往、结交;同事、伙伴;使发生联系、使联合;联合的,副的  input stream: input/output;file stream  store:存储,商店;mill:碾磨、磨房,工厂  printer:permanent record,permanent/temporary  fail to put this idea into practice: 没有把想法付诸实践 2. Early computer  analog/analogue computer vs digital computer  evaluate:评价,估计,求值,evaluation  course:过程, 经过, 进程, 方针, 路线, 跑道, 课程, 一道菜;追猎, 急行, 运行, 流动 3. Electronic Computers  electronic digital computer:电子数字计算机  incorporate: 合并,混合,组成公司;合并的,一体化的  vacuum tube:真空管  operational:操作的、运转的  cipher:密码;用密码书写;encipher:译成密码;code,encode  prototype:原型机,样机  integrator:积分器,积分电路;integrate:成整体, 使一体化, 求...的积分,结合;integrated;calculus:微积分,integral:积分,differential:微分  patent:专利 The Atanasoff–Berry computer (ABC) was the first automatic electronic digital computer, an early electronic digital computing device that has remained somewhat obscure. The ABC's priority is debated among historians of computer technology, because it was not programmable. Many credit John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert, creators of the ENIAC,[1] which came into use in July 1946, with the title. Others cite the programmable British Colossus computer which was demonstrated to be working on December 8, 1943. Conceived in 1937, the machine was not programmable, being designed only to solve systems of linear equations. The ABC pioneered important elements of modern computing, including binary arithmetic and electronic switching elements,[4] but its special-purpose nature and lack of a changeable, stored program distinguish it from modern computers.