February 2005Revision 21/16■Wide gain bandwidth: 1.3MHz ■Large voltage gain: 100dB■Very low supply current/ampli: 375µA ■Low input bias current: 20nA■Low input offset voltage: 3mV max.■Low input offset current: 2nA ■Wide power supply range:Single supply: +3V to +30V Dual supplies: ±1.5V to ±15V■Input common-mode voltage range includes ground■ESD internal protection: 2KVDescriptionThese circuits consist of four independent, high gain, internally frequency compensated operational amplifiers. They operate from a single power supply over a wide range of voltages. Operation from split power supplies is also possible and the low power supply current drain is independent of the magnitude of the power supply voltage.All the pins are protected against electrostatic discharges up to 2KV (as a consequence, the input voltages must not exceed the magnitude of V CC + or V CC -.)Order CodesPart Number Temperature RangePackagePackaging LM224AN-40°C, +105°CDIP TubeLM224AD/ADT SO Tube or Tape & ReelLM224APT TSSOP(Thin Shrink Outline Package)Tape & Reel LM324AN0°C, +70°CDIP TubeLM324AD/ADT SO Tube or Tape & ReelLM324APTTSSOP(Thin Shrink Outline Package)Tape & ReelLM224A - LM324ALow Power Quad Operational AmplifiersLM224A-LM324A Pin & Schematic Diagram1 Pin & Schematic DiagramFigure 1: Pin connections (top view)Figure 2: Schematic diagram (1/4 LM124A)Absolute Maximum Ratings LM224A-LM324A2 Absolute Maximum RatingsTable 1:Key parameters and their absolute maximum ratingsSymbol ParameterLM124ALM224ALM324A Unit VCCSupply voltage ±16 or 32V Vi Input Voltage-0.3 to Vcc + 0.3V V id Differential Input Voltage 11)Either or both input voltages must not exceed the magnitude of V CC + or V CC -.32VP totPower DissipationN SuffixD Suffix 500500400500400mW mW Output Short-circuit Duration 22)Short-circuits from the output to VCC can cause excessive heating if V CC > 15V. The maximum output current is approximately 40mAindependent of the magnitude of V CC . Destructive dissipation can result from simultaneous short-circuit on all amplifiers.Infinite I in Input Current 33)This input current only exists when the voltage at any of the input leads is driven negative. It is due to the collector-base junction of theinput PNP transistor becoming forward biased and thereby acting as input diodes clamps. In addition to this diode action, there is also NPN parasitic action on the IC chip. this transistor action can cause the output voltages of the op-amps to go to the V CC voltage level (or to ground for a large overdrive) for the time duration than an input is driven negative.This is not destructive and normal output will set up again for input voltage higher than -0.3V.50mA T oper Operating Free-air Temperature Range -55 to +125-40 to +1050 to +70°C T stg Storage Temperature Range-65 to +150°C R thjaThermal Resistance Junction to AmbientSO14TSSOP14DIP1410310066°C/WLM224A-LM324AElectrical Characteristics3 Electrical CharacteristicsTable 2:V CC + = +5V, V CC -= Ground, V o = 1.4V, T amb = +25°C (unless otherwise specifiedSymbol Parameter Min.Typ.Max.Unit V ioInput Offset Voltage - note 1T amb = +25°CT min ≤ T amb ≤ T max 235mVI ioInput Offset CurrentT amb = +25°CT min ≤ T amb ≤ T max 22040nAI ibInput Bias Current - note 2T amb = +25°CT min ≤ T amb ≤ T max20100200nAA vdLarge Signal Voltage GainV CC + = +15V , R L = 2k Ω, V o = 1.4V to 11.4V T amb = +25°CT min ≤ T amb ≤ T max 5025100V/mVSVRSupply Voltage Rejection Ratio (R s ≤ 10k Ω)V CC += 5V to 30V T amb = +25°CT min ≤ T amb ≤ T max6565110dBI CCSupply Current, all Amp, no loadT amb = +25°C V CC = +5V V CC = +30VT min ≤ T amb ≤ T max V CC = +5V V CC = +30V 0.71.50.81.51.231.23mAV icmInput Common Mode Voltage RangeV CC = +30V - note 3T amb = +25°CT min ≤ T amb ≤ T max00V CC -1.5V CC -2VCMRCommon Mode Rejection Ratio (R s ≤ 10k Ω)T amb = +25°CT min ≤ T amb ≤ T max 706080dBI sourceOutput Current Source (V id = +1V)V CC = +15V , V o = +2V 204070mAI sinkOutput Sink Current (V id = -1V)V CC = +15V , V o = +2V V CC = +15V , V o = +0.2V10122050mA µA V OHHigh Level Output VoltageV CC = +30VT amb = +25°C R L = 2k ΩT min ≤ T amb ≤ T maxT amb = +25°C R L = 10k ΩT min ≤ T amb ≤ T max V CC = +5V, R L = 2k ΩT amb = +25°CT min ≤ T amb ≤ T max262627273.532728VElectrical Characteristics LM224A-LM324AVOLLow Level Output Voltage (R L = 10k Ω)T amb = +25°CT min ≤ T amb ≤ T max52020mVSR Slew RateV CC = 15V, V i = 0.5 to 3V, R L = 2k Ω, C L = 100pF , unity Gain 0.4V/µsGBP Gain Bandwidth ProductV CC = 30V, f =100kHz,V in = 10mV , R L = 2k Ω, C L = 100pF1.3MHzTHD Total Harmonic Distortionf = 1kHz, A v = 20dB, R L = 2k Ω, V o = 2V pp , C L = 100pF, V CC = 30V 0.015%e n Equivalent Input Noise Voltagef = 1kHz, R s = 100Ω, V CC = 30V 40DV io Input Offset Voltage Drift 730µV/°C DI IioInput Offset Current Drift10200pA/°C V o1/V o2Channel Separation - note 41kHz ≤ f ≤ 20kHZ120dB1)V o = 1.4V, R s = 0Ω, 5V < V CC + < 30V, 0 < V ic < V CC + - 1.5V2)The direction of the input current is out of the IC. This current is essentially constant, independent of the state of the output so no loadingchange exists on the input lines.3)The input common-mode voltage of either input signal voltage should not be allowed to go negative by more than 0.3V. The upper endof the common-mode voltage range is V CC + - 1.5V, but either or both inputs can go to +32V without damage.4)Due to the proximity of external components insure that coupling is not originating via stray capacitance between these external parts.This typically can be detected as this type of capacitance increases at higher frequences.Table 2:V CC + = +5V, V CC -= Ground, V o = 1.4V, T amb = +25°C (unless otherwise specifiedSymbol ParameterMin.Typ.Max.Unit nV Hz -----------LM224A-LM324AElectrical CharacteristicsFigure 3: Input bias current vs. ambienttemperatureFigure 4: Input voltage range Figure 5: Gain bandwidth productFigure 6: Current limitingFigure 7: Supply currentFigure 8: Common mode rejection ratioElectrical Characteristics LM224A-LM324A Figure 9: Electrical curvesLM224A-LM324AElectrical CharacteristicsFigure 10: Input currentFigure 11: Power supply & common moderejection ratioFigure 12: Voltage gainFigure 13: Large signal voltage gainTypical Single - Supply Applications LM224A-LM324A4 Typical Single - Supply ApplicationsFigure 14: AC coupled interting amplifierFigure 15: AC coupled non inverting amplifierFigure 16: Non-inverting DC gainFigure 17: High input Z adjustable gain DCinstrumentation amplifierFigure 18: DC summing amplifierLM224A-LM324ATypical Single - Supply ApplicationsFigure 19: Low drift peak detectorFigure 20: Activer bandpass filterFigure 21: High input Z, DC differentialamplifierFigure 22: Using symetrical amplifiers toreduce input current (generalconcept)Typical Single - Supply Applications LM224A-LM324A Table3:V cc+ = +15V, V cc- = 0V, T amb = 25°C (unless otherwise specified)Symbol Conditions Value Unit V io0mVA vd R L = 2kΩ100V/mVI cc No load, per amplifier350µAV icm0 to +13.5V+=15V)+13.5V V OH RL = 2kΩ (V CCV OL R L = 10kΩ5mVI os V o = +2V, V CC = +15V+40mAGBP R L = 2kΩ, C L = 100pF 1.3MHz SR R L = 2kΩ, C L = 100pF0.4V/µsLM224A-LM324A Macromodel 5 MacromodelAll models are a trade-off between accuracy and complexity (i.e. simulation time).Macromodels are not a substitute to breadboarding; rather, they confirm the validity of a design approachand help to select surrounding component values.A macromodel emulates the NOMINAL performance of a TYPICAL device within SPECIFIED OPERATINGCONDITIONS (i.e. temperature, supply voltage, etc.). Thus the macromodel is often not as exhaustive asthe datasheet, its goal is to illustrate the main parameters of the product.Data issued from macromodels used outside of its specified conditions (Vcc, Temperature, etc) or evenworse: outside of the device operating conditions (Vcc, Vicm, etc) are not reliable in any way.** Standard Linear Ics Macromodels, 1993.** CONNECTIONS :* 1 INVERTING INPUT* 2 NON-INVERTING INPUT* 3 OUTPUT* 4 POSITIVE POWER SUPPLY* 5 NEGATIVE POWER SUPPLY.SUBCKT LM324 1 2 3 4 5***************************.MODEL MDTH D IS=1E-8 KF=3.104131E-15 CJO=10F* INPUT STAGECIP 2 5 1.000000E-12CIN 1 5 1.000000E-12EIP 10 5 2 5 1EIN 16 5 1 5 1RIP 10 11 2.600000E+01RIN 15 16 2.600000E+01RIS 11 15 2.003862E+02DIP 11 12 MDTH 400E-12DIN 15 14 MDTH 400E-12VOFP 12 13 DC 0VOFN 13 14 DC 0IPOL 13 5 1.000000E-05CPS 11 15 3.783376E-09DINN 17 13 MDTH 400E-12VIN 17 5 0.000000e+00DINR 15 18 MDTH 400E-12VIP 4 18 2.000000E+00FCP 4 5 VOFP 3.400000E+01FCN 5 4 VOFN 3.400000E+01FIBP 2 5 VOFN 2.000000E-03FIBN 5 1 VOFP 2.000000E-03* AMPLIFYING STAGEFIP 5 19 VOFP 3.600000E+02FIN 5 19 VOFN 3.600000E+02RG1 19 5 3.652997E+06RG2 19 4 3.652997E+06CC 19 5 6.000000E-09DOPM 19 22 MDTH 400E-12DONM 21 19 MDTH 400E-12HOPM 22 28 VOUT 7.500000E+03VIPM 28 4 1.500000E+02HONM 21 27 VOUT 7.500000E+03VINM 5 27 1.500000E+02EOUT 26 23 19 5 1VOUT 23 5 0ROUT 26 3 20COUT 3 5 1.000000E-12DOP 19 25 MDTH 400E-12VOP 4 25 2.242230E+00DON 24 19 MDTH 400E-12Package Mechanical Data LM224A-LM324A 6 Package Mechanical DataLM224A-LM324A Package Mechanical DataPackage Mechanical Data LM224A-LM324Ato change without notice. This publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. STMicroelectronics products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without express written approval of STMicroelectronics.The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronicsAll other names are the property of their respective owners© 2005 STMicroelectronics - All rights reservedSTMicroelectronics group of companiesAustralia - Belgium - Brazil - Canada - China - Czech Republic - Finland - France - Germany - Hong Kong - India - Israel - Italy - Japan -Malaysia - Malta - Morocco - Singapore - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - United Kingdom - United States of AmericaLM224A-LM324A Summary of Changes 7 Summary of ChangesDate Revision Description of Changes01 March 20011First Release01 Feb. 20052- Table1 on page3: explanation of Vid and Vi limits - Macromodel updated。
