铝硅镁合金三元相图
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Al-Mg-Si(Aluminum-Magnesium-Silicon)
V.Raghavan
Thecompilationoftheexperimentaldataonthisternary
systemby[1995Vil]includesaliquidusprojectionand15
verticalsectionsfrom[1977Sch]andpartialisothermal
sectionsat1050,800,460,430,427,400,and300°Cfrom
severalsources.Subsequenttothethermodynamicassess-
mentofthissystemby[1992Cha],newassessmentswere
reportedby[1997Feu,2005Lac].
BinarySystems
TheAl-Mgphasediagram[2003Cze]hasthefollowing
intermediatephases:Mg2Al3(cubic,denotedb),Rore
(rhombohedral)andMg17Al12(A12-typecubic,denotedc).
TheAl-Siphasediagramisasimpleeutecticsystemwith
theeutecticat577°Cand12.2at.%Si.
IntheMg-Sisystem,[1997Feu]performedcalorimetric
studiestodeterminetheenthalpiesofformationandfusion,
andtheheatcapacityofMg2Siandtheenthalpyofmixing
ofliquidMg-Sialloys.Thenewexperimentalresultswere
usedintheoptimizationoftheMg-Siphasediagram
bycomputation.ThediagramdepictsastoichiometriccompoundMg2Si(C1,CaF2-typecubic),withnegligible
terminalsolidsolubility.[2000Yan]developedanew
thermodynamicdescriptionoftheMg-Sisystemthatuses
fewermodelparametersthan[1997Feu].Morerecently,
[2004Kev]remodeledtheMg-Sidescriptiontoobtaina
phasediagramwithoutanartificialmiscibilitygapinthe
liquidphaseathightemperatures,asfoundinthedescrip-
tionsof[1997Feu,2000Yan].
TernaryPhaseEquilibria
Withstartingmetalsof99.999%Al,99.98%Mgand
99.999%Si,[1997Feu]induction-meltedalloysamples
underAratm.Differentialthermalanalysis(DTA)wasdone
atheating/coolingratesbetween2and5°Cpermin.Using
thenewdatawiththoseintheliterature(asselectedby
[1992Cha]),[1997Feu]reoptimizedthethermodynamic
parameters.Theliquid,theface-centeredcubic(fcc)and
theclose-packedhexagonal(cph)phasesweremodeledas
single-latticesubstitutionalsolutions.TheAl-Mgcom-
pounds,Mg2SiandSiweretreatedasstoichiometricphases.
Ternaryinteractionparametersweredeterminedforthe
liquidphase.TheearlierdescriptionoftheAl-Mgphase
diagram[1990Sau],whichincludesanunconfirmedcom-
poundf,wasused.This,however,didnotchangethe
computedresultsintheAl-richregion.InFig.1-4,thefour
verticalsectionsat95,90,85and80mass%Al
respectively
Fig.1Al-Mg-Sicomputedverticalsectionat95mass%Al
[1997Feu]Fig.2Al-Mg-Sicomputedverticalsectionat90mass%Al
[1997Feu]JPEDAV(2007)28:189–191DOI:10.1007/s11669-007-9027-81547-7037ÓASMInternationalPhaseDiagramEvaluations:SectionII
JournalofPhaseEquilibriaandDiffusionVol.28No.22007189computedby[1997Feu]arecomparedwiththeirownDTA
dataonsolidificationtemperatures.Theagreementwiththe
experimentaldataisgood.
[2005Lac]carriedoutanewthermodynamicassessment
ofthissystem,whichusestherevisedAl-Mgdescription
withonlythethreeintermediatephases,Mg2Al3(b),e
andc.Theyusedalargersetofdatafortheliquid-solid
equilibriafromtheexperimentalresultsof[1977Sch,
1997Feu].Temperature-independentternaryinteraction
parameterswereobtainedfortheliquidphase.Apartial
liquidusprojectionandthreeverticalsectionsat5and
85mass%Aland2mass%Sirespectivelywerecomputed
by[2005Lac].Theverticalsectionat2mass%Siisredrawn
inFig.5.Theagreementwiththeexperimentalresultsof
[1977Sch,1931Los]issatisfactory.
Theeutecticmaximum(e3)ofthereactionL$ðAlÞþ
Mg2SidoesnotlieontheAl-Mg2SijoinbutontheMg-rich
sideofthisline[1992Cha,1997Feu,2001Bar,2005Lac].
ThepartialliquidusprojectioninFig.6depictstheabove
univariantlinedeterminedby[2001Bar].Otherrecent
referencesonthephaseequilibriaofthissysteminclude
[1999Esk,2002Fro,2003Erm,2003Roo,2004Liu,
2005Don].
References
1931Los:L.Losana,TheAluminum-Magnesium-SiliconTernarySystem,Metall.Italiana,1931,23,p367-382,inItalian
1977Sch:E.SchurmannandA.Fischer,MeltingEquilibriaintheTernarySystemAl-Mg-Si,Giessereiforschung,1977,29(4),p161-165,in
GermanFig.3Al-Mg-Sicomputedverticalsectionat85mass%Al[1997Feu]
Fig.4Al-Mg-Sicomputedverticalsectionat80mass%Al
[1997Feu]Fig.5Al-Mg-Sicomputedverticalsectionat2mass%Si[2005Lac]
Fig.6Al-Mg-Sipartialliquidusprojectiondepictingtheuni-variantlineofL$ðAlÞþMg2Si[2001Bar]SectionII:PhaseDiagramEvaluations
190JournalofPhaseEquilibriaandDiffusionVol.28No.220071990Sau:N.Saunders,AReviewandThermodynamicassess-mentoftheAl-MgandMg-SiSystems,CALPHAD,1990,14(1),p61-70
1992Cha:N.ChakrabortiandH.L.Lukas,ThermodynamicOptimizationoftheMg-Al-SiPhaseDiagram,CALPHAD,1992,16(1),p79-86
1995Vil:P.Villars,A.PrinceandH.Okamoto,Al-Mg-Si,HandbookofTernaryAlloyPhaseDiagrams,vol4,ASMInternational,MaterialsPark,OH,1995
1997Feu:H.Feufel,T.Godecke,H.L.Lukas,andF.Sommer,InvestigationoftheAl-Mg-SiSystembyExperimentsandThermodynamicCalculations,J.AlloysCompd.,1997,247,p31-42
1999Esk:D.G.Eskin,A.Massardier,andP.Merle,AStudyofHighTemperaturePrecipitationofAl-Mg-SiAlloyswithanExcessofSilicon,J.Mater.Sci.,1999,34(4),p811-820
2000Yan:X.Y.Yan,F.Zhang,andY.A.Chang,AThermody-namicAnalysisoftheMg-SiSystem,J,PhaseEquilibria,2000,21(4),p379-384