铝硅镁合金三元相图

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Al-Mg-Si(Aluminum-Magnesium-Silicon)

V.Raghavan

Thecompilationoftheexperimentaldataonthisternary

systemby[1995Vil]includesaliquidusprojectionand15

verticalsectionsfrom[1977Sch]andpartialisothermal

sectionsat1050,800,460,430,427,400,and300°Cfrom

severalsources.Subsequenttothethermodynamicassess-

mentofthissystemby[1992Cha],newassessmentswere

reportedby[1997Feu,2005Lac].

BinarySystems

TheAl-Mgphasediagram[2003Cze]hasthefollowing

intermediatephases:Mg2Al3(cubic,denotedb),Rore

(rhombohedral)andMg17Al12(A12-typecubic,denotedc).

TheAl-Siphasediagramisasimpleeutecticsystemwith

theeutecticat577°Cand12.2at.%Si.

IntheMg-Sisystem,[1997Feu]performedcalorimetric

studiestodeterminetheenthalpiesofformationandfusion,

andtheheatcapacityofMg2Siandtheenthalpyofmixing

ofliquidMg-Sialloys.Thenewexperimentalresultswere

usedintheoptimizationoftheMg-Siphasediagram

bycomputation.ThediagramdepictsastoichiometriccompoundMg2Si(C1,CaF2-typecubic),withnegligible

terminalsolidsolubility.[2000Yan]developedanew

thermodynamicdescriptionoftheMg-Sisystemthatuses

fewermodelparametersthan[1997Feu].Morerecently,

[2004Kev]remodeledtheMg-Sidescriptiontoobtaina

phasediagramwithoutanartificialmiscibilitygapinthe

liquidphaseathightemperatures,asfoundinthedescrip-

tionsof[1997Feu,2000Yan].

TernaryPhaseEquilibria

Withstartingmetalsof99.999%Al,99.98%Mgand

99.999%Si,[1997Feu]induction-meltedalloysamples

underAratm.Differentialthermalanalysis(DTA)wasdone

atheating/coolingratesbetween2and5°Cpermin.Using

thenewdatawiththoseintheliterature(asselectedby

[1992Cha]),[1997Feu]reoptimizedthethermodynamic

parameters.Theliquid,theface-centeredcubic(fcc)and

theclose-packedhexagonal(cph)phasesweremodeledas

single-latticesubstitutionalsolutions.TheAl-Mgcom-

pounds,Mg2SiandSiweretreatedasstoichiometricphases.

Ternaryinteractionparametersweredeterminedforthe

liquidphase.TheearlierdescriptionoftheAl-Mgphase

diagram[1990Sau],whichincludesanunconfirmedcom-

poundf,wasused.This,however,didnotchangethe

computedresultsintheAl-richregion.InFig.1-4,thefour

verticalsectionsat95,90,85and80mass%Al

respectively

Fig.1Al-Mg-Sicomputedverticalsectionat95mass%Al

[1997Feu]Fig.2Al-Mg-Sicomputedverticalsectionat90mass%Al

[1997Feu]JPEDAV(2007)28:189–191DOI:10.1007/s11669-007-9027-81547-7037ÓASMInternationalPhaseDiagramEvaluations:SectionII

JournalofPhaseEquilibriaandDiffusionVol.28No.22007189computedby[1997Feu]arecomparedwiththeirownDTA

dataonsolidificationtemperatures.Theagreementwiththe

experimentaldataisgood.

[2005Lac]carriedoutanewthermodynamicassessment

ofthissystem,whichusestherevisedAl-Mgdescription

withonlythethreeintermediatephases,Mg2Al3(b),e

andc.Theyusedalargersetofdatafortheliquid-solid

equilibriafromtheexperimentalresultsof[1977Sch,

1997Feu].Temperature-independentternaryinteraction

parameterswereobtainedfortheliquidphase.Apartial

liquidusprojectionandthreeverticalsectionsat5and

85mass%Aland2mass%Sirespectivelywerecomputed

by[2005Lac].Theverticalsectionat2mass%Siisredrawn

inFig.5.Theagreementwiththeexperimentalresultsof

[1977Sch,1931Los]issatisfactory.

Theeutecticmaximum(e3)ofthereactionL$ðAlÞþ

Mg2SidoesnotlieontheAl-Mg2SijoinbutontheMg-rich

sideofthisline[1992Cha,1997Feu,2001Bar,2005Lac].

ThepartialliquidusprojectioninFig.6depictstheabove

univariantlinedeterminedby[2001Bar].Otherrecent

referencesonthephaseequilibriaofthissysteminclude

[1999Esk,2002Fro,2003Erm,2003Roo,2004Liu,

2005Don].

References

1931Los:L.Losana,TheAluminum-Magnesium-SiliconTernarySystem,Metall.Italiana,1931,23,p367-382,inItalian

1977Sch:E.SchurmannandA.Fischer,MeltingEquilibriaintheTernarySystemAl-Mg-Si,Giessereiforschung,1977,29(4),p161-165,in

GermanFig.3Al-Mg-Sicomputedverticalsectionat85mass%Al[1997Feu]

Fig.4Al-Mg-Sicomputedverticalsectionat80mass%Al

[1997Feu]Fig.5Al-Mg-Sicomputedverticalsectionat2mass%Si[2005Lac]

Fig.6Al-Mg-Sipartialliquidusprojectiondepictingtheuni-variantlineofL$ðAlÞþMg2Si[2001Bar]SectionII:PhaseDiagramEvaluations

190JournalofPhaseEquilibriaandDiffusionVol.28No.220071990Sau:N.Saunders,AReviewandThermodynamicassess-mentoftheAl-MgandMg-SiSystems,CALPHAD,1990,14(1),p61-70

1992Cha:N.ChakrabortiandH.L.Lukas,ThermodynamicOptimizationoftheMg-Al-SiPhaseDiagram,CALPHAD,1992,16(1),p79-86

1995Vil:P.Villars,A.PrinceandH.Okamoto,Al-Mg-Si,HandbookofTernaryAlloyPhaseDiagrams,vol4,ASMInternational,MaterialsPark,OH,1995

1997Feu:H.Feufel,T.Godecke,H.L.Lukas,andF.Sommer,InvestigationoftheAl-Mg-SiSystembyExperimentsandThermodynamicCalculations,J.AlloysCompd.,1997,247,p31-42

1999Esk:D.G.Eskin,A.Massardier,andP.Merle,AStudyofHighTemperaturePrecipitationofAl-Mg-SiAlloyswithanExcessofSilicon,J.Mater.Sci.,1999,34(4),p811-820

2000Yan:X.Y.Yan,F.Zhang,andY.A.Chang,AThermody-namicAnalysisoftheMg-SiSystem,J,PhaseEquilibria,2000,21(4),p379-384