2020年职称英语卫生类C级阅读理解专项练习及答案解析

目　录第一部分　历年真题及详解[视频讲解]2016年全国职称英语等级考试（卫生类C级）真题及详解2015年全国职称英语等级考试（卫生类C级）真题及详解2014年全国职称英语等级考试（卫生类C级）真题及详解[视频讲解] 2013年全国职称英语等级考试（卫生类C级）真题及详解[视频讲解] 2012年全国职称英语等级考试（卫生类C级）真题及详解[视频讲解] 2011年全国职称英语等级考试（卫生类C级）真题及详解2010年全国职称英语等级考试（卫生类C级）真题及详解2009年全国职称英语等级考试（卫生类C级）真题及详解2008年全国职称英语等级考试（卫生类C级）真题及详解2007年全国职称英语等级考试（卫生类C级）真题及详解2006年全国职称英语等级考试（卫生类C级）真题及详解2005年全国职称英语等级考试（卫生类C级）真题及详解第二部分　模拟试题及详解全国职称英语等级考试（卫生类C级）模拟试题及详解（一）全国职称英语等级考试（卫生类C级）模拟试题及详解（二）全国职称英语等级考试（卫生类C级）模拟试题及详解（三）第一部分　历年真题及详解[视频讲解]2016年全国职称英语等级考试（卫生类C 级）真题及详解第1部分：词汇选项（第1—15题,每题1分,共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线,请为每处画线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1.Y ou need feedback tomonitor progress.A. stopB. achieveC. checkD. access 2. This latest injury must surely mean that her tennis career is nowat an end.A. overB. readyC. rewardingD. promisingC【答案】句意：你需要利用反馈信息来监控进展。

monitor 监控。

check 检查，核对。

2020年职称英语卫生类C级阅读理解模拟题A Health ProfileA Health profile is a portrait of all of the factors that influence your health.To draw your health profile，you will 1 what diseases run in your family，what health hazards you may be exposed to 2 work,ow your daily 3 compares to the recommended standards，how nluch time per week you 4 exercising and what type of exercise you engage 5 ,how stressful your work and family environments are，what kinds of illnesses you get regularly,and 6 or not you have any one of a number of addictions. 7 this portrait,you should have a checkup to determine how your blood，heart， and lungs are functioning.This checkup will serve 8 a baseline,to which you can then compare later tests.9 this profile is thoroughly drawn，you can begin tothink about setting health priorities based 10 yourparticular portrait.For example，if you drink two martinis every evening,have a high-stress 11 ,are overweight，smoke a pack of cigarettes a day,and use marijuana occasionally on weekends， you should quit smoking first，followed 12 losing the excess weight，reducing the stress of your job，giving up your marihuana habit，and then finally giveing some 13 to those martinis if you want to prevent first cancer，and then heart disease. Even for the youthful working person who has never been sick a day in his life,who is 14 excellent health.a good look at all health habits and at work and home environments may suggest changes that will 15 him in the future.练习：1.A know B have known C need know D need to know2.A with B in C on D at3.A diet B meals C food D dinner4.A use B devote C spend D take5.A on B in C with D about6.A if B whether C either D neither7.A To complete B Completing C Completion D To be completed8.A as B for C on D about9.A Unless B Once C If D Although10.A around B with C about D 0n11.A work B task C job D place12.A on B with C after D by13.A thought B idea C thinking D talk14.A for B in C with D on15.A reap B harvest C benefit D lead词汇：profile /'praufail/ n.侧影，概貌hazard /'haezod/ n.危险,危害checkup /^tJekAp/ n.检查martini /matim/ n.马提尼酒portrait /^ortret/ n.画像，肖像答案与题解：D从句子的意思看,这里应该有“需要”的意思，所以选择应该在C和D之间,need能够作惝态动词用,也能够作实义动词用，前面既用了 will,那说明这里应该跟作实义动词用的 need,所以答案是 needto know0D这里what引导的从句的意思是“在工作时你可能面临什么不利健康的因素"，“在工作吋"的英语是at work,是一个固定的表达方式。

2020年职称英语考试卫生类C级阅读复习(3)Medical JournalsMedical journals are publications that report medical information to physicians and other health professionals.In the past, these journals were available only in print. With the development of electronic publishing. many medical journals now have Web sites on the Internet, and somejournals publish only online. A few medical journals, likethe Journal of the American Medical Association, are considered general medical journals because they cover many fields of medicine. Most medical journals are specialty journals that focus on a particular area of medicine.Medical journals publish many types of articles. Research articles report the results of research studies on a range of topics varying from the basic mechanisms of diseases toclinical trials that compare outcomes of different treatments. Review articles summarize and analyze the informationavailable on a specific topic based on a careful search ofthe medical literature. Because the results of individual research studies can be affected by many factors, combining results from different studies on the same topic can behelpful in reaching conclusions about the scientific evidence for preventing, diagnosing or treating a particular disease. Case conferences and case reports may be published in medical journals to educate physicians about particular illnesses and how to treat them. Editorials in medical journals are short essays that express the views of the authors, often regarding a research or review article published in the same issue.Editorials provide perspective on how the current articlefits with other information on the same topic. Letters to the editor provide a way for readers of the medical journal to express comments, questions or criticisms about articles published in that journal.注释：1. Because the results of individual research studies can be affected by many factors, combining results from different studies on the same topic can be helpful in reaching conclusions about the scientific evidence for preventing, diagnosing or treating a particular disease.因为个体研究的结果可能受很多因素的影响，所以将相关同一题目的不同研究的结果汇总起来，可能有助于得出相关预防、诊断或是治疗某一疾病所需的科学证据的结论。

2020年职称英语卫生类C级概括大意历年真题及解析2020年真题Ebola Outbreak1 You are likely aware that several countries in West Africa are batting an Ebola Outbreak.Ebola is a dangerous and often lethal viral infection. Scientists believe that humans contacted the virus by eating the meat of rare animals. It is now believed that bats are the primary carriers of the virus.2 To date, there are only three major countries in West Africa experiencing a major outbreak：Sierra Leone, Liberia and Guinea. However, other countries such as Nigeria have reported confirmed cases of Ebola within their borders.3 Unless you recently visited one of the three affected West countries, your risk of contacting the virus isvirtually zero. Unlike other recent airborne virus outbreaks like SARS, the Ebola virus can only be spread through direct contact with an infected person. Spbcifically, Ebola is spread through contact with body fluids. Though, the virus is transmittable, only an infected person exhibiting symptoms is communicable.4 The signs and symptoms of Ebola are non-specific and patients typically exhibit them after a week of contacting the virus. Symptoms may appear as early as two days or aslate as three weeks after initial infection. Symptoms includedisgust, weakness and stomach pain. More uncommon symptoms include chest pain, bleeding and sore throat.5 Ebola is devastating because of its ability to attack and replicate in every organ of the body.This causes an over-stimulation of the body's inflammatory response, causing the flu-like symptoms. The virus also causes bleeding and impairs the body's normal clotting mechanism(凝血机制), making bleeding even more severe. Loss of blood volume and decreased organ perfusion (器官灌注), ultimately lead to organ failure and death.6 The current outbreak is the deadliest viral outbreak in over 35 years. While diseases such as the malaria (疟疾) are far more communicable, Ebola is one of the world's most fatal viral infections. Ebola's fatality rate exceeds that of SARS.23. Paragraph 2 __________24. Paragraph 3 __________25. Paragraph 4 __________26. Paragraph 5 __________A. Am I at risk of contacting the virus?B. Is the current outbreak the deadlines?C. How do I know ifI have contacted the virus?D. What areas are currently affected?E. What exactly does Ebola do to the body?F. What caused the Ebola outbreak?27. The initial Ebola outbreak was found in28. The difference between SARS and Ebola viruses liesin__________.29. The symptoms of the patients after being infected may first appear __________.30. The Ebola virus transmits by contact with __________.A. infected body fluidsB. against the outbreak severityC. the mode of transmissionD. the initial days of being infectedE. three countries in West AfricaF. within a wide range of days2020年真题Eye Problems1 Our eyes are under a great deal of strain these days as computer work, television viewing, night driving, and even sunshine are making exceptional demands. Sunlight, especially in the summer,is now regarded as one cause of cataracts ( 白内障).2 The thinning of the ozone (臭氧) layer means moreshort-wave ultraviolet (UV) rays (紫外线)are reaching the earth, and these are the biggest risk factor for clouding the lens of the eye.Ultraviolet rays increase the risk of changes to the cornea (角膜) causing clouded vision andeventually cataracts. The rays can be shielded only by anti-UV lenses. However, our eyes are not sufficiently protected by fashion sunglasses.3 “Poor night vision and eye fatigue are noticeably more common, and there has been a big increase in minor eye complaints in the over-40s," says Dr. M/re/lle Bonnet, who took part in recent research. She says that the six muscles controlling each eye move more than100,000 times a day and that everyone should learn to exercise their eye muscles and allow them to rest.4 It was traditionally thought that near-or far-sightedness were inherited from our parents and could not be influenced by environmental factors, but new research is challenging this assumption.5 Recent studies suggest that up to 80 percent of schoolchildren in the United States and western Europe are nearsighted. Years of focusing on close, two-dimensional work causes most children to become at least slightly nearsighted by the age of 10, say the researchers.6 Problems with night vision, which affect around 25 percent of people, are also on the increase because of computer use. Using computer screens means the eye must operate in electromagnetic fields (电磁场) that make it work harder. It is estimated that 25 to 30 percent of people have eye conditions, such as difficulty with night vision, which results from staring at a screen.23. Paragraph 2 __________24. Paragraph 3 __________25. Paragraph 5 __________26. Paragraph 6 __________A. The development of poor night visionB. The greatest threat to the eyesC. The function of sunglassesD. The reason for children's nearsightednessE. The effects of computer on the eyesF. The ways to reduce eve comolaints27. Sunlight in the summer is believed to be one cause of__________.28. We can wear anti-UV glasses to protect ___________.29. We used to believe that near-or far-sightedness were inherited from __________.30. Over 25% of people are estimated to have difficulty with night vision due to __________.A. our parentsB. clouded visionC. eye musclesD. our eyesE. computer useF. eye move2020年真题Traffic Jams--No End in Sight1 Traffic congestion (拥堵) affects people throughout the world. Traffic jams cause smog in dozens of cities acrossboth the developed and developing world. In the U. S., commuters (通勤人员) spend an average of a full working week each year sitting in traffic jams, according to the Texas Transportation Institute. While alternative ways of getting around are available,most people still choose their cars because they are looking for convenience, comfort and privacy.2 The most promising technique for reducing city traffic is called congestion pricing, whereby cities charge a toll to enter certain parts of town at certain times of day. In theory, if the toll is high enough, some drivers will cancel their trips or go by bus or train. And in practice it seemsto work： Singapore, London and Stockholm have reducedtraffic and pollution in city centres thanks to congestion pricing.3 Another way to reduce rush-hour traffic is for employers to implement flextime, which lets employees travel to and from work at off-peak traffic times to avoid the rush hour. Those who have to travel during busy times can do their part by sharing cars. Employers can also allow more staffto telecommute (work from home) so as to keep more cars offthe road altogether.4 Some urban planners still believe that the best way to ease traffic congestion is to build more roads, especially roads that can take drivers around or over crowded "citystreets. But such techniques do not really keep cars offthe road; they only accommodate more of them.Other, more forward-thinking, planners know that more and more drivers and cars are taking to the roads every day, and they are unwilling to encourage more private automobiles when public transport is so much better both for people and the environment. For this reason, the American government has decided to spend some $7 billion on helping to increase capacity on public-transport systems and upgrade them with more efficient technologies. But environmentalists complain that such funding is tiny compared with the$50 billion being spent on roads and bridges.23. Paragraph 1 __________24. Paragraph 2__________25. Paragraph 3 ___________26. Paragraph 4 __________A. Paying to get inB. Changing work practiceC. Not doing enoughD. A solution which is no solutionE. Closing city centres to trafficF. A global problem27. Most American drivers think it convenient to__________.28. If charged high enough, some drivers may __________to enter certain parts of town.29. Building more roads is not an effective way to__________.30. The U. S. government has planned to__________updating public-transport systems.A. reduce traffic jamsB. drive aroundC. go by busD. spend more moneyE. travel regularlyF. encourage more private cars答案与解析2020年真题23．D。

2020职称英语《卫生类C级》模拟试卷：阅读判断第二部分：阅读判断(第16——22题，每题1分，共7分)下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是准确信息，请选择A ;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B ;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

(16)根据下面材料，回答题。

Privacy Worry May Keep HIV Patients from TherapyPatients infected with HIV are often concerned about the confidentiality of their HIV-positive status. In fact, some patients are so worried that they will actually give up treatmentto prevent the release of this information, according to a report published in the Augustissue of AIDS Care.Dr. Kathryn Whetten-Goldstein and colleagues from Duke University, Durham, NorthCarolina, studied theconfidentiality issues of 15 HIV-infected patients from rural NorthCarolina locations. They were divided into groups designed to explore their attitudestoward, and experiences with, breaches in confidentiality."The fear of a breach in confidentiality is definitely affecting the care that HIV-infectedpatients receive," Whetten-Goldstein said. "Most studied patients had experienced or knewsomeone who had experienced a breach in confidentiality.""Two types of breaches occurred, " Whetten-Goldstein noted. "The first was a moreobvious type of breach. One example was a nurse whotold her child that her patient wasHIV-positive out of concern that her child would play with the patient's child.""The other type of breach was more subtle, one that providers might not consider breaches," Whetten-Goldsteinexplained. "This type of breach involves providers talking about apatient's HIV status without the patient's knowledge of the interaction.""The law allows the sharing of information between providers within the same institution,but patient's consent must be obtained before providers at different institutions can shareinformation,"she pointed out."Patients in the study wanted providers to tell them when they are going to shareinformation with other providers and why it is being done," Whetten-Goldstein said. "They alsofelt that providers should be punished when a breach occurs.""However, because patients are often reluctant to seek legal action which may further expose their status, they felt that the system should regulate itself," she added. All patients in the study refuse to receive any treatment because of the possibility to expose their HIV status.A： RightB： WrongC： Not mentioned答案：B解析：题干：研究中所有的病人都拒绝接受任何治疗，因为这可能会暴露自己携带HIV病毒的状况。

2020年职称英语考试卫生类C级阅读复习(6)Eat to LiveA meager diet may give you health and long life……1. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?D. We have to begin dieting from childhood.2. Why does the author mention an elderly mouse in paragraph 2?B. To illustrate the effect of meager food on mice.3. What can be inferred about completely normally fed mice mentioned in the passage?D. They are more likely to suffer from inflammation.4. According to the author, which of the following most interested the researchers?A. The mice that started dieting in old age.5. According to the last two paragraphs, Spindler believes thatC. dieting is not a good method to give us health and a long life.为了活着吃饭节食可能使你健康长寿，但并不好玩――节食可能不是非做不可的事。

即使上了年纪再节食，我们仍然有可能在很大水准上保持青春活力。

StephenSpindler和他在Riverside的加利福尼亚大学的同事们已经发现，一只高龄老鼠只要连续四周限制它进食，它的某些肝脏基因就会变得和衰老前一样充满活力，老鼠的肝基因恢复活力不会逆转老鼠在其他方面的老化，但却有助于肝脏代谢药物或除去毒素。

2020年职称英语卫生类C级模拟试题及答案（6）第3篇：Some things we know about languageMany things about language are a mystery, and many will always remain SO．But somethings we do know．First，we know that all human beings have a language of some sort．There is no race of men anywhere on earth so backward that it has no language，no set of speech sounds by which the people communicate with one mother．Furthermore，in historical times，there has never been a race of men withouta language．Second，there is no such thing as a primitive language．There are many people whosecultures are undeveloped，who are，as we say，uncivilized, but the languages they speak are not primitive．In all known1anguages we can see complexities that must have been tens of thousands of years in developing．This has not always been well understood；indeed, thedirect contrary has often been stated．Popular ideas of the1anguage of the American Indians will illustrate．Many people have supposed that the Indians communicated in a veryprimitive system of noises．Study has proved this to be nonsense．There are，or were，hundreds of American Indian languages，and a11 of them turn out to be very complicatedand very old. They are certainly different from the languagesthat most of us are familiar with，but they are no more primitive five than English and Greek．A third thing we know about language is that alllanguages are perfectly adequate．That is, each one is a perfect means of expressing the culture of the people who speak the language．Finally, we know that language changes．It is natural and normal for language to change；the only languages which do not change are the dead ones．This is easy to understand if we look backward in time．Change goes on in all aspects of language．Grammatical features change as do speech sounds，and changes invocabulary are sometimes very extensive and may occur very rapidly．Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language．词汇：race／n．种族primitive／adj．原始的uncivilized／adj．不开化的，落后的complexity／n．复杂性，复杂现象nonsense／n．胡说，没有根据的话extensive／adj．广泛的vocabulary／n．词汇练习：1． In the second paragraph the author thinks thatA)some backward race doesn’t have a language of its own．B)some rac e in history didn’t possess a language of its own．C)any human race，whether backward or not，has a language．D)some races on earth call communicate without language．2． According to the author, people of undevelopedcultures can have___ languages.A)complicatedB)uncivilizedC)primitiveD)well—known3．The author has used American Indian languages as an example to show that they areA)just as old as some well-known languages．B)just as sophisticated as some well-known languages．C)more developed than some well-known languages．D)more complex than some well-known languages．4. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A)A language is a means of expressing a particular culture．B)All languages can well express their respective cultures．。

2020职称英语《卫生类C级》模拟试卷：概括大意第三部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23——30题，每题1分，共8分)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试，任务：(1)第23——26题要求从所给的4个选项中为每段选择1个准确的小标题 ;(2)第27——30题要求从所给的5个选项中选择4个准确选项，分别完成每个句子。

(23)根据下面材料，回答题。

Estee Lauder Died1 The child of Central European immigrants who created an international cosmetics(化妆品)empire and became one of the most influential women in US, died on Saturday.Estee Lauder died at her home in Manhattan, New York City, a company spokeswoman said. She was 97.2 Born in Queens, New York in 1908, Lauder was the daughter of a Hungarian mother and a Czech father.3 Lauder began her business career by selling skincare products developed by her uncle John Schotz, a chemist, to beauty salons (美容院) and hotels. In 1930, she married Joseph Lauder who became her partner. The company, which became known as Estee Lauder, took off after World War II.4 In 1953, the company introduced its first perfume (香水), Youth Dew, the first of a range of fragrances that has now grown to more than 70. They include： Aramis, a line of products forb men, launched in 1964; and Clinique, a range of odourless (无臭的) cosmetics, which followed in 1968.5 By the time she retired in 1995, Lauder was presiding over a multibillion-dollar enterprise,which now ranks number 349 in the Fortune 500 list of largest US companies. In 1998, she was the only woman to feature in Time magazine'sselection of the 20 most important business geniuses of the last century. There were two secrets to her success： hergift for selling things and her tireless energy and determination never to accept second best.6 Even after her retirement at the age of 89, Lauder remained closely involved. Beauty, Lauder believed, was the most important thing in life.7 She wrote in her 1985 autobiography, "Estee, a Success Story" ： "In a perfect world, we'd all be judged on the sweetness of our souls. But in our less than perfect world, the woman who looks pretty has a distinct advantage and, usually, the last word. "Paragraph 2 __________.A： Early careerB： ChildhoodC： ProductsD： RetirementE： Cosmetics EmpressF： Birth答案：F解析：第二段没有明确的段落主题句。

2020年职称英语卫生类C级概括大意练习题（1）概括大意与完成句子题ZYBAN Tablets（药片）1 ZYBAN is a prescription （处方） medicine to help people quit smoking. Studies have shown that more than one third of people quit smoking for at least one month while taking ZYBAN. For many patients, ZYBAN reduces withdrawal symptoms （脱瘾过程中产生的症状） and the strong wish to smoke.2 ZYBAN should be taken as directed by your doctor. The usual recommended dosing（剂量） is to take one 150-mg tablet in the morning for the first3 days. On the fourth day, begin taking one 150-mg tablet in the morning and one 150-mg tablet in the early evening. Doses should be taken at least 8 hours apart.采集者退散3 For most patients, treatment will last 7 to 12 weeks. Because results vary, it may take longer for some people, Possibly up to 6 months depending on the individual. Ifyou've been smoking for a long time, ZYBAN will help to reduce withdrawal symptoms. It's important to remain on ZYBAN for at least 7 to 12 weeks in order to quit for good. Your doctor should determine when to stop taking ZYBAN4 It takes about 1 week for ZYBAN to reach the right levels in your body to be effective So, to increase your chance of quitting as much as possible, you should not stop smoking until you have been taking ZYBAN for 1 week. Youshould set a date to stop smoking during the second weekyou're taking ZYBAN.5 The side effects （副作用） associated with ZYBAN are generally mild and often disappear after a few weeks. The most common side effects are dry mouth and difficulty in sleeping. If you have difficulty sleeping, avoid taking your medicine too close to bedtime1 Paragraph 2__________ .2 Paragraph 3__________ .3 Paragraph 4__________ .4 Paragraph 5__________ .A How should I take ZYBAN?B What is ZYBAN?C What are the side effects of taking ZYBAN?D Who invented ZYBAN?E How long should I take ZYBAN?F How long does it take for ZYBAN to work?5 For the first 3 days, ZYBAN should be taken__________ .6 To quit smoking for good, you should take ZYBANfor__________ .7 The time it takes for ZYBAN to be effectiveis__________ .8 The side effects of taking ZYBAN often go away__________ .A only once a dayB around 8 hoursC at least 7 to 12 weeksD on the fourth dayE about 1 weekF after a few weeks【参考答案】1. A2. E3. F4. C5. A6. C7. E8. F。

2020年职称英语考试试题卫生类C级第一套（3）Understanding Autism1.Autism（孤独症）is a life-long developmental disability that prevents individuals from properly understanding what they see,hear,and otherwise sense.This results in severe problems of social relationships,communication,andbehavior.Individuals with autism have to painstakingly '（费力地） learn normal patterns of speech and communication,and appropriate ways to relate to people,objects,and events,in a similar manner to those who have had a stroke.2.The cause of autism is still unknown.Some research suggests a physical problem affecting those parts of the brain that process language and information coming in from the senses.There may be some imbalance of certain chemicalsin the brain.Genetic （遗传的） factors may sometimes be involved.Autism may indeed result from a combination of several “causes”。