2015年考研英语阅读真题精析

2015年考研英语二真题及答案解析考研英语二是许多考生的痛点之一，因此在备考过程中，熟悉历年真题并进行答案解析是非常重要的。

以下将对2015年考研英语二真题进行详细解析，以帮助考生更好地备考。

第一部分：阅读理解本部分共有三篇短文，每篇短文后有五个问题。

请根据短文内容，选择正确答案。

Passage 1题目一：According to the passage, how does Angela Markel stand out among other European leaders?A. She is known for her fashion sense.B. She is the least known European leader.C. She holds a position of political power.D. She is the only female European leader.解析：根据文章第一段的"She has been leader of Germany since 2005..."可知，安格拉·默克尔在文章中被描述为德国的领导人，说明她在欧洲的其他领导人中拥有政治地位。

所以选项C“她拥有政治地位”是正确答案。

题目二：According to the passage, what is one reason Angela Merkel is often underestimated?A. She lacks experience in politics.B. She is not as charismatic as other leaders.C. She is from a less powerful country.D. She emphasizes substance over style.解析：根据文章第三段的“Her popularity remains high, despite a reputation for not being a charismatic leader”可知，虽然安格拉·默克尔在领导风格上不如其他领导人那样有魅力，但她的知名度依然很高。

2015 Text 1A new study suggests that contrary to most surveys, people are actually more stressed at home than at work. Researchers measured people’s cortisol, which is a stress marker, while they were at work and while they were at home and found it higher at what is supposed to be a place of refuge.“Further contradicting conventional wisdom, we found that women as well as men have lower levels of stress at work than at home,” writes o ne of the researchers, Sarah Damaske. In fact women even say they feel better at work, she notes. “It is men, not women, who report being happier at home than at work.” Another surprise is that the findings hold true for both those with children and without, but more so for nonparents. This is why people who work outside the home have better health.What the study doesn’t measure is whether people are still doing work when they’re at home, whether it is household work or work brought home from the office. For many men, the end of the workday is a time to kick back. For women who stay home, they never get to leave the office. And for women who work outside the home, they often are playing catch-up-with-household tasks. With the blurring of roles, and the fact that the home front lags well behind the workplace in making adjustments for working women, it’s not surprising that women are more stressed at home.But it’s not just a gender thing. At work, people pretty much know what they’re supposed to be doing: wor king, making money, doing the tasks they have to do in order to draw an income. The bargain is very pure: Employee puts in hours of physical or mental labor and employee draws outlife-sustaining moola.On the home front, however, people have no such clarity. Rare is the household in which the division of labor is so clinically and methodically laid out. There are a lot of tasks to be done, there are inadequate rewards for most of them. Your home colleagues –your family –have no clear rewards for their l abor; they need to be talked into it, or if they’re teenagers, threatened with complete removal of all electronic devices. Plus, they’re your family. You cannot fire your family. You never really get to go home from home.So it’s not surprising that people are more stressed at home. Not only are the tasks apparently infinite, the co-workers are much harder to motivate.21.According to Paragraph 1, most previous surveys found that home .[A]offered greater relaxation than the workplace[B]was an ideal place for stress measurement[C]generated more stress than the workplace[D]was an unrealistic place for relaxation22.According to Damaske, who are likely to be the happiest at home?[A]Working mothers.[B]Childless husbands.[C]Working fathers.[D]Childless wives.23.The blurring of working women’s roles refers to the fact that .[A]their home is also a place for kicking back[B]they are both bread winners and housewives[C]there is often much housework left behind[D]it is difficult for them to leave their office24.The word “moola” (Line 4, Para. 4) most probably means .[A]skills[B]energy[C]earnings[D]nutrition25.The home front differs from the workplace in that .[A]family labor is often adequately rewarded[B]home is hardly a cozier working environment[C]household tasks are generally more motivating[D]division of labor at home is seldom clear-cut2015 Text 2For years, studies have found that first-generation college students –those who do not have a parent with a college degree – lag other students on a range of education achievement factors. Their grades are lower and their dropout rates are higher. But since such students are most likely to advance economically if they succeed in higher education, colleges and universities have pushed for decades to recruit more of them. This has created “a paradox” in that recruiting first-generation students, but then watching many of them fail, means that higher education has “continued to reproduce and widen, rather than close” an achievement gap based on social class, according to the depressing beginning of a paper forthcoming in the journal Psychological Science.But the article is actually quite optimistic, as it outlines a potential solution to this problem, suggesting that an approach (which involves a one-hour, next-to-no-cost program) can close 63 percent of the achievement gap (measured by such factors as grades) between first-generation and other students.The authors of the paper are from different universities, and their findings are based on a study involving 147 students (who completed the project) at an unnamed private university. First generation was defined as not having a parent with a four-year college degree. Most of the first-generation students (59.1 percent) were recipients of Pell Grants, a federal grant for undergraduates with financial need, while this was true only for 8.6 percent of the students with at least one parent with a four-yeardegree.Their thesis – that a relatively modest intervention could have a big impact – was based on the view that first-generation students may be most lacking not in potential but in practical knowledge about how to deal with the issues that face most college students. They cite past research by several authors to show that this is the gap that must be narrowed to close the achievement gap.Many first-generation students “struggle to navigate the middle-class culture of higher education, learn the ‘rules of the game,’ and take advantage of college resources,” they write. And this becomes more of a problem when colleges don’t talk about the class advantages and disadvantages of different groups of students. “Bec ause US colleges and universities seldom acknowledge how social class can affect students’ educational experiences, many first-generation students lack insight about why they are struggling and do not understand how students ‘like them’ can improve.”26.Recruiting more first-generation students has .[A]reduced their dropout rates[B]narrowed the achievement gap[C]missed its original purpose[D]depressed college students27.The authors of the research article are optimistic because .[A]their findings appeal to students[B]the recruiting rate has increased[C]the problem is solvable[D]their approach is costless28.The study suggests that most first-generation students .[A]are from single-parent families[B]study at private universities[C]are in need of financial support[D]have failed their college29.The authors of the paper believe that first-generation students .[A]may lack opportunities to apply for research projects[B]are inexperienced in handling their issues at college[C]can have a potential influence on other students[D]are actually indifferent to the achievement gap30.We may infer from the last paragraph that .[A]universities often reject the culture of the middle-class[B]students are usually to blame for their lack of resources[C]social class greatly helps enrich educational experiences[D]colleges are partly responsible for the problem in question2015 Text 3Even in traditional offices, “the lingua franca of corporate America has gotten much more emotional and much more right-brained than it was 20 years ago,” said Harvard Business School professor Nancy Koehn. She started spinning off examples. “If you and I parachuted back to Fortune 500 companies in 1990, we would see much less frequent use of terms like journey, mission, passion. There were goals, there were strategies, there were objectives, but we didn’t talk about energy; we didn’t talk about passion.”Koehn pointed out that this new era of corporate vocabulary is very “team”-oriented – and not by coincidence. “Let’s not forget sports – in male-dominated corporate America, it’s still a big deal. It’s not explicitly conscious; it’s the idea that I’m a coach, and you’re my team, and we’re in this together. There are lots and lots of CEOs in very different companies, but most think of themselves as coaches and this is their team and they want to win. ”These terms are also intended to infuse work with meaning – and, as Rakesh Khurana, another professor, points out, increase allegiance to the firm. “You have the importation of terminology that historically used to be associated with non-profit organizations and religious organizations: terms like vision, values, passion, and purpose,” said Khurana.This new focus on personal fulfillment can help keep employees motivated amid increasingly loud debates over work-life balance. Theabout why women still can’t have it all and books like Sheryl Sandberg’s Lean In, whose title has become a buzzword in its own right. Terms like unplug, offline, life-hack, bandwidth, and capacity are all about setting boundaries between the office and the home. But if your work is your “passion,” you’ll be more likely to devote yourself to it, even if that means going home for dinner and then working long after the kids are in bed.But this seems to be the irony of office speak: Everyone makes fun of it, but managers love it, companies depend on it, and regular people willingly absorb it. As a linguist once said, “You can get people to think it’s nonsense at the same time that you buy into it.” In a workplace that’s fundamentally indifferent to your life and its meaning, office speak can help you figure out how you relate to your work – and how your work defines who you are.31.According to Nancy Koehn, office language has become .[A]less strategic [B] less energetic[C] more objective [D] more emotional32.“Team”-oriented corporate vocabulary is closely related to .[A]sports culture [B] gender difference[C] historical incidents [D] athletic executives33.Khurana believes that the importation of terminology aims to .[A]revive historical terms[B]promote company image[C]foster corporate cooperation[D]strengthen employee loyalty34.It can be inferred that Lean In .[A]voices for working women[B]appeals to passionate workaholics[C]triggers debates among mommies[D]praises motivated employees35.Which of the following statements is true about office speak?[A]Linguists believe it to be nonsense.[B]Regular people mock it but accept it.[C]Companies find it to be fundamental.[D]Managers admire it but avoid it.2015 Text 4Many people talked of the 288,000 new jobs the Labor Department reported for June, along with the drop in the unemployment rate to 6.1 percent, as good news. And they were right. For now it appears the economy is creating jobs at a decent pace. We still have a long way to go to get back to full employment, but at least we are now finally moving forward at a faster pace.However, there is another important part of the jobs picture that was largely overlooked. There was a big jump in the number of people who report voluntarily working part-time. This figure is now 830,000（4.4 percent）above its year ago level.Before explaining the connection to the Obamacare, it is worth making an important distinction. Many people who work part-time jobs actually want full-time jobs. They take part-time work because this is all they can get. An increase in involuntary part-time work is evidence of weakness in the labor market and it meansthat many people will be having a very hard time making ends meet.There was an increase in involuntary part-time in June, but the general direction has been down. Involuntary part-time employment is still far higher than before the recession, but it is down by 640,000 (7.9 percent) from its year ago level.We know the difference between voluntary and involuntary part-time employment because people tell us. The survey used by the LaborDepartment asks people if they worked less than 35 hours in the reference week. If the answer is “yes,” they are classified as working part-time. The survey then asks whether they worked less than 35 hours in that week because they wanted to work less than full time or because they had no choice. They are only classified as voluntary part-time workers if they tell the survey taker they chose to work less than 35 hours a week.The issue of voluntary part-time relates to Obamacare because one of the main purposes was to allow people to get insurance outside of employment. For many people, especially those with serious health conditions or family members with serious health conditions, before Obamacare the only way to get insurance was through a job that provided health insurance.However, Obamacare has allowed more than 12 million people to either get insurance through Medicaid or the exchanges. These are people who may previously have felt the need to get a full-time job that provided insurance in order to cover themselves and their families. With Obamacare there is no longer a link between employment and insurance.36.Which part of the jobs picture was neglected?[A]The prospect of a thriving job market.[B]The increase of voluntary part-time jobs.[C]The possibility of full employment.[D]The acceleration of job creation.37.Many people work part-time because they .[A]prefer part-time jobs to full-time jobs[B]feel that is enough to make ends meet[C]cannot get their hands on full-time jobs[D]haven’ t seen the weakness of the market38.Involuntary part-time employment in the US .[A]shows a general tendency of decline[B]is harder to acquire than one year ago[C]satisfies the real need of the jobless[D]is lower than before the recession39.It can be learned that with Obamacare, .[A]it is no longer easy for part-timers to get insurance[B]full-time employment is still essential for insurance[C]it is still challenging to get insurance for family members[D]employment is no longer a precondition to get insurance40.The text mainly discusses .[A]employment in the US[B]part-timer classification[C]insurance through Medicaid[D]Obamacare’s troublePart AText 1 21~25 A B B C D Text 2 26~30 C C C B D Text 3 31~35 D A D A B Text 4 36~40 B C A D A。

2015考研英语阅读理解精读P5—法学类2015考研英语阅读理解精读P5—法学类Passage 5(Minor Problems?)Every time Americans tune into local news broadcasts or read daily papers，they are likely to be shocked at the increasing number of serious crimes committed by youths who are only sixteen years old or even younger.It is sometimes difficult to imagine these youngsters behaving like hardened criminals，but statistics continually prove that their crimes are often just as brutal as those committed by their adult counterparts.Inevitably，people begin questioning how successful the juvenile justice system is in reforming these youths and debating whether violent juveniles should be tried as adults in our legal system.I feel there is no question that juveniles convicted of serious crimes should face the same consequences as adults.While the teenage population in the United States has declined over the past decade，violent crimes committed by juveniles have sharply increased.It is common knowledge that the youth murder-arrest rate has climbed dramatically.Examples of teen crime are vivid and terrifying.Newspapers and television frequently report that youths with no apparent motives have shot and killed other people.The effect on both families and society is large.Despite the increase in serious crimes committed by young offenders，the punishment which juveniles receive has traditionally almost never fit the severity of the crimes.Since the system has historically viewed children as not being fully developed，physically or mentally，it has prevented them frombeing held accountable for their wrongdoing.Although many of these“children”commit horrible crimes，they have been routinely treated as victims of society.Until very recently，1ighter sentences and court proceedings have been the norm.The message they sent to serious juvenile criminals is that crime “pays”because there are no serious consequences for their actions.When the system lacks an element of fear，there is nothing to prevent youthful offenders from committing future crimes.The current trend of assigning adult sentences to youths who commit serious crimes is absolutely just if the punishment is to fit the crime.Most pro-rehabilitation advocates argue that juvenile criminals are completely different from adult ones and should，therefore，be treated differently in the justice system.However，the cost to society is the same regardless of the age of the criminal.What comfort does it give to the family of a killed or injured victim that the person who killed or hurt their loved one was a minor? Families suffer no less because their relatives are shot by young offenders.Instead of treating the loser who murders innocent people like a victim of society，this person should be treated like any other person who victimizes society and causes pain to individuals and communities.Tougher measures must be taken to combat this growing problem of juvenile crime.In today’s society，too many juveniles count on light sentences given by the juvenile justice /doc/1117899597.html,wyers can help a vicious criminal receive a short sentence，and return to the streets to commit more crimes.When there are no harsh consequences of being caught，committing crimescan be perceived as having positive benefits.As a result，juveniles are continuing to become more violent and 1ess concerned with the value of human life.Rehabilitation，recommended by many as the solution to juvenile crime，should be directed only towards youths who have committed minor offenses.However，the juveniles who commit serious crimes should be tried as adults.A message has to be sent that we will no longer tolerate brutal crimes simply because of the age of the criminal.These youths must be held completely accountable for their crimes，suffering harsh consequences and ultimately realizing that they are no longer protected by the law.1.It can be inferred that juvenile criminals are those____.[A]who are under the age of 16 years old[B]who are not accountable for the crimes they commit[C]who can not tell major crimes from minor crimes[D]who are more likely to become victims of the society2.That violent juvenile crimes are on the rise is manifested by the fact that____.[A]penalty for juvenile criminals is becoming more and more serious[B]the society can no longer tolerate juvenile crimes[C]youth murder-arrest rate has dramatically increased[D]the young population has increased in the last ten years3.The reason why young people are becoming increasingly violent is that____.[A]the older they become，the stronger they are[B]they receive lighter punishment than they should[C]they do not know the value of human life[D]there is now too much violence in newspaper and on television4.According to the author，one reason why violent juvenile criminals should suffer the same fate as their adult counterparts is that____.[A]there are as many juvenile crimes as adult crimes[B]they have done equivalent injuries to the victim or the society[C]they are clearly aware of what they are doing at the time of offence[D]no other penalty can prevent them from committing future crimes5.Pro-rehabilitation advocates insist that____.[A]rehabilitation be directed only towards youths who commit minor crimes[B]stricter sentences be given only to youths who commit brutal crimes[C]a different justice system be applied to minors since they are not fully developed[D]minors be held completely responsible for any kind of crimes they commit答案与题解1.[A] 参阅第一段第一句。

2015考研英语阅读理解精读P3—管理类Passage 3There is a new type of small advertisement becoming increasingly common in newspaper classified columns.It is sometimes placed among“situations vacant”，although it does not offer anyone a job，and sometimes it appears among“situation wanted”，although it is not placed by someone looking for a job either.What it does is to offer help in applying for a job.“Contact us before writing your application”or “Make use of our long experience in preparing your curriculum vitae or job history”is how it is usually expressed.The growth and apparent success of such a specialized service is，of course，a reflection on the current high levels of unemployment.It is also an indication of the growing importance of the curriculum vitae (or job history)，with the suggestion that it may now qualify as an art form in its own right.There was a time when job seekers simply wrote letters of application.“Just put down your name，address，age and whether you have passed any exams”was about the average level of advice offered to young people applying for their first jobs when I left school.The letter was really just for openers，it was explained，everything else could and should be saved for the interview.And in those days of full employment the technique worked.The letter proved that you could write and were available for work.Your eager face and intelligent replies did the rest.Later，as you moved up the ladder，something slightly more sophisticated was called for.The advice then was to put something in the letter which would distinguish you from the rest.It might be the aggressive approach.“Your search is over.I am the person you are looking for”was a widely used trick that occasionally succeeded.Or it might be some special feature specially designed for the job in view.There is no doubt，however，that it is the increasing number of applicants with university education at all points in the process of engaging staff that has led to the greater importance of the curriculum vitae.1.The new type of advertisement which is appearing in newspaper columns____.[A] informs job hunters of the opportunities available[B] promises useful advice to those looking for employment[C] divides available jobs into various types[D] informs employers of people available for work2.Nowadays a demand for this specialised type of service has been created because____.[A] there is a lack of jobs available for university graduates[B] there are so many top-level jobs available[C] great importance is attached to written application[D] jobs are becoming so varied that one needs advice to choose the right one3.In the past it was expected that first-job hunters would____.[A] write an initial letter giving their life history[B] pass some exams before applying for a job[C] have no qualifications other than being able to read and write[D] keep any detailed information until they obtained an interview4.The job history has become such an important document because____.[A] there has been an increase in the number of jobs advertised[B] there has been an increase in the number of applicants with degrees[C] jobs are becoming much more complicated nowadays[D] other supporting experiences for jobs are no longer required5.What does the author think of the new advertisement?[A] Necessary. [B] Fashionable.[C] Superficial. [D] Aggressive.答案：1.[B] 文中所提到的新型广告不是招聘广告(it does not offer anyone a job)，也不是求职广告(it is not placed by someone looking for a job either)。

2015 Text 4（英语⼆）关于奥巴⻢医改的好消息Many people talked of the 288,000 new jobs the Labor Department reported for June, along with the drop in the to 6.1 percent, as good news.And they were right.For now it appears the economy is creating jobs at a decent pace.We still have a long way to go to get back to , but at least we are now finally moving forward at a faster pace.However, there is another important part of the jobs picture that was largely overlooked.There was a big jump in the number of people who report voluntarily working part-time.This figure is now 830,000 (4.4 percent) above its year ago level.Before explaining the connection to the Obamacare, it is worth making an important distinction.Many people who work part-time jobs actually want full-time jobs.They take part-time work because this is all they can get.unemployment rate 对于劳动部⻔所报告的六⽉份新增28.8万个⼯作岗位和失业率下降⾄6.1个百分点，很多⼈都说这是个利好消息。

2015考研英语阅读真题：考研英语（二）第4篇Many people talked of the 288,000 new jobs the Labor Department reported for June, along with the drop in the unemployment rate to 6.1 percent, as good news.And they were right.For now it appears the economy is creating jobs at a decent pace.We still have a long way to go to get back to full employment, but at least we are now finally moving forward at a faster pace.However, there is another important part of the jobs picture that was largely overlooked.There was a big jump in the number of people who report voluntarily working part-time.This figure is now 830,000(4.4 percent) above its year ago level.Before explaining the connection to the Obamacare, it is worth making an important distinction.Many people who work part-time jobs actually want full-time jobs.They take part-time work because this is all they can get.An increase in involuntary part-time work is evidence of weakness in the labor marketand it means that many people will be having a very hard time making ends meet.There was an increase in involuntary part-time in June, but the general direction has been down.Involuntary part-time employment is still far higher than before the recession, but it is down by 640,000(7.9 percent)from is year ago level.We know the difference between voluntary and involuntary part-time employment because people tell us.The survey used by the Labor Department asks people is they worked less than 35 hours in the reference week.If the answer is “yes,” they are classified as working part-time.The survey then asks whether they worked less than 35 hours in that week because they wanted to work less than full time or because they had no choice.They are only classified as voluntary part-time workers if they tell the survey taker they chose to work less than 35 hours a week.The issue of voluntary part-time relates to Obamacare because one of the main purposes was to allow people to get insurance outside of employment.For many people, especially those with serious health conditions or family members with serious health conditions,before Obamacare the only way to get insurance was through a job that provided health insurance.However, Obamacare has allowed more than 12 million people to either get insurance through Medicaid or the exchanges.These are people who may previously have felt the need to get a full-time job that provided insurance in order to cover themselves and their families.With Obamacare there is no longer a link between employment and insurance.对于劳动部门所报告的六月份新增28.8万个工作岗位和失业率下降至6.1个百分点，很多人都说这是个利好消息。

详解2015英语二真题阅读Text42015考研英语已经落下帷幕，今年英二考题的传统阅读部分在选项设计方面难度增加。

下面笔者就阅读第四篇进行深度解析。

第二篇阅读选自2014年7月7日在theHuffington Post发表的名为“The Good News About Obamacare in the June Jobs Report”的文章，就题材来说属于社会生活类，主要内容是描述了奥巴马的医保政策促进了美国的就业及其原因。

文章后五道考题中四道细节题，一道主旨题，其难度与往年第四篇相比趋于稳定。

首先36题是一道细节题。

该题考察了考生对文章第二段前两句的细节理解。

该题主要可采用我们钻石卡VIP课程中经常讲到的细节定位法。

根据题干关键词“job pictures, neglected”可以回文定位到第二段第一句话“the jobs picture ...was largely overlooked”，其中neglected是overlooked的同义替换。

并且此句有明显的命题点“however”。

第二句具体指出被忽略的部分是“there was a big jump in the number of people who report voluntarily working part-time.”，即有大量的人自愿从事兼职工作。

故正确答案为B。

其中increase是原文jump的同义替换，voluntary part-time jobs是voluntarily working part-time的同义转述。

阅读中的这种同义替换也是我们课程中屡次强调的考点。

A选项（蒸蒸日上的用工市场的前景）和D选项（加速创造就业机会）均是对第一段就业形势好的一种描述，并没有说这种现象被忽视。

故排除。

而C选项（全民就业的可能性），文中第一段只是客观描述了我们依然有很长的路才能达到全民就业，而并不是说这种问题被忽略，故C选项排除。

2015 Text 2（英语⼆）⼀个⼩时很重要For years, studies have found that first-generation college students—those who do not have a parent with a —lag other students on a range of education achievement factors.Their grades are lower and their dropout rates are higher.But since such students are most likely to advance economically if they succeed in , colleges and universities have pushed for decades to recruit more of them.This has created "a paradox" in that recruiting first—generation students, but then watching many of them fail, means that higher education has "continued toreproduce and widen, rather than close" an achievement gap based on , according to the depressing beginning of a paper forthcoming in the journal Psychological Science.But the article is actually quite optimistic, as it outlines a potential solution to this problem, suggesting that an approach (which involves a one-hour, next-to-no-cost program) can close 63 percent of the achievement gap (measured by such factors as grades) between first-generation and other students.The authors of the paper are from different universities, and their findings are based on a study involving 147 students (who completed the project) at an unnamed .college degree “第⼀代⼤学⽣”是指那些⽗⺟没有⼤学学位的⼤学⽣，多年以来，很多研究发现他们在⼀系列的教育成就⽅⾯落后于其他的学⽣。

2015考研英语阅读真题：考研英语(一)第4篇-毙考题2015考研英语阅读真题：考研英语（一）第4篇Two years ago, Rupert Murdoch’s daughter, Elisabeth, spoke of the “unsettling dearth of integrity across so many of our institutions”.Integrity had collapsed, she argued,because of a collective acceptance that the only “sorting mechanism” in society should be profit and the market.But “it’s us, human beings, we the people who create the society we want, not profit”.Driving her point home, she continued:“It’s increasingly appa rent that the absence of purpose, of a moral language within government, media or businesscould become one of the most dangerous own goals for capitalism and freedom.”This same absence of moral purpose was wounding companies such as News International, she thought,making it more likely that it would lose its way as it had with widespread illegal telephone hacking.As the hacking trial concludes—finding guilty one ex-editor of the News of the World, Andy Coulson, for conspiring to hack phones,and finding his predecessor, Rebekah Brooks, innocent of the same charge—the wider issue of dearth of integrity still stands.Journalists are known to have hacked the phones of up to 5,500 people.This is hacking on an industrial scale, as was acknowledged by Glenn Mulcaire,the man hired by the News of the World in 2001 to be the point person for phone hacking.Others await trial. This long story still unfolds.In many respects, the dearth of moralpurpose frames not only the fact of such widespread phone hacking but the terms on which the trial took place.One of the astonishing revelations was how little Rebekah Brooks knew of what went on in her newsroom,how little she thought to ask and the fact that she never inquired how the stories arrived.The core of her successful defence was that she knew nothing.In today’s world, it has become normal that well-paid executives should not be accountable for what happens in the organisations that they run.Perhaps we should not be so surprised.For a generation, the collective doctrine has been that the sorting mechanism of society should be profit.The words that have mattered are efficiency, flexibility, shareholder value,business-friendly, wealth generation, sales, impact and, in newspapers, circulation.Words degraded to the margin have been justice, fairness, tolerance, proportionality and accountability.The purpose of editing the News of the World under Rupert Murdoch was not to promote reader understanding,to be fair in what was written or to betray any common humanity.It was to ruin lives in the quest for circulation and impact.Ms Brooks may or may not have had suspicions about how her journalists got their stories,but she asked no questions, gave no instructions—nor received traceable, recorded answers.两年前，鲁伯特·默多克之女伊丽莎白曾说“太多的新闻机构有令人不安的正直缺失。

2015年考研英语一真题原文及答案解析完整版Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Though not biologically related, friends are as “related” as fourth cousins, sharing about 1% of genes. That is _(1)_a study, published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, has__(2)_.The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted _(3)__1,932 unique subjects which __(4)__pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers. The same people were used in both_(5)_.While 1% may seem_(6)_,it is not so to a geneticist. As James Fowler, professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego, says, “Most people do not even _(7)_their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who_(8)_our kin.”The study_(9)_found that the genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genes for immunity .Why this similarity exists in smell genes is difficult to explain, for now,_(10)_,as the team suggests, it draws us to similar environments but there is more_(11)_it. There could be many mechanisms working together that _(12)_us in choosing genetically similar friends_(13)_”functional Kinship” of being friends with_(14)_!One of the remarkable findings of the study was the similar genes seem to be evolution_(15)_than other genes Studying this could help_(16)_why human evolution picked pace in the last 30,000 years, with social environment being a major_(17)_factor.The findings do not simply explain people’s_(18)_to befriend those of similar_(19)_backgrounds, say the researchers. Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European extraction, care was taken to_(20)_that all subjects, friends and strangers, were taken from the same population.1. [A] when [B] why [C] how [D] what【答案】[D] what【解析】该题考查的是语法知识。