上海市静安区2021届高三一模英语试题 含答案

2020-2021学年上海市上海中学高三英语一模试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ALocated in the beautiful Sichuan Basin, Chongqing is a magical 8D city. The natural history and cultural scenery of the area provide children with learning opportunities because they can enjoy the many wonders of this area.Fengjie Tiankeng Ground JointTiankeng Diqiao Scenic Area is located in the southern mountainous area of Fengjie County. The Tiankeng pit is 666 meters deep and is currently the deepest tiankeng in the world. The scenic spot is divided into ten areas including Xiaozhai Tiankeng, Tianjingxia Ground, Labyrinth River, and Longqiao River. There are many and weird karst cave shafts, and countless legends haunt them.Youyang Peach GardenYouyang Taohuayuan Scenic Area is a national forest park, a national 5A-level scenic spot, and a national outdoor sports training base. Located in the hinterland of Wuling Mountain. The Fuxi Cave in the scenic spot is about 3,000 meters long, with winding corridors, deep underground rivers, and color1 ful stalactites. The landscape is beautiful.Jinyun Mountain National Nature ReserveJinyun Mountain is located in Beibei District of Chongqing City, about 45 kilometers away from the Central District of Chongqing City. The nine peaks of Jinyun Mountain stand upright and rise from the ground. The ancient trees on the mountain are towering, the green bamboos form the forest, the environment is quiet, and the scenery is beautiful, so it is called "Little Emei". Among them, Yujian Peak is the highest, 1050 meters above sea level; Lion Peak is the most precipitous and spectacular, and the other peaks are also unique.Chongqing People's SquareChongqing's Great Hall of the People, one of the landmarks of Chongqing, gives people the deepest impression than its magnificent appearance resembling the Temple of Heaven. It also uses the traditional method of central axis symmetry, with colonnade-style double wings and a tower ending, plus a large green glazed roof, large red pillars, white railings, double-eave bucket arches, and painted carved beams.1.How deep is the Tiankeng Ground Joint?A.666mB.3,000mC.45kmD.1050m2.Which of the following rocks can you see in Youyang Peach Garden?A.LimestoneB.StalactiteC.MarbleD.Quartzite3.Which attraction is closest to downtown Chongqing?A.Fengjie Tiankeng Ground JointB.Jinyun Mountain National Nature ReserveC.Chongqing People's SquareD.Youyang Peach GardenB“They’re harming your brain.” “They’re ruining your eyes.” “They’re turning you into a violent person.” The words said publicly against video games are so common, but are these worries founded on actual science? Countless studies have offered different opinions on whether video games are bad for you. We’ve rounded up the most notable reports and studies below, so you can weigh up the evidence for yourself.In 2013,psychologist(心理学家) Simone Kuhn studied the influences of spending long hours on video games on the brains of young adults and found that several areas became bigger than before. These areas are connected with highercognitive functions(认知功能), memory formation andfinemotor(精细运动) function.Last year, psychologists said that video game players who favour violent games are more likely to be violent when offline. Dr. Mark Appelbaum of the American Psychological Association said that there was a relation between violent video game use and increases in violent behaviour.Dr. Daphne Bavelier is an expert in the field of Brain & Cognitive Sciences. Bavelier presented the audience with a colour-word test, where non-gamers are easily puzzled by the test, and those who spend long periods playing on their computers are more likely to pass the test with flying colours.“Actually, those video game players have many other advantages in terms of attention,” said Bavelier, “and one part of attention which is also improved for the better is our ability to follow the movements of objects.”“So, in a sense, when we think about the influence of video games on the brain, it’s very similar to the influence of wine on the health. There are some very poor uses of wine. There are some very poor uses of video games. But when drunk in reasonable amounts, and at the right age, wine can be very good for health,” said Bavelier.4. What can be learned from Simone Kuhn’s study？A. Video games make you happier.B. Video games make your brain grow.C. Video games play a key role in memory.D. Video games teach you how to learn fast.5. What was Dr. Mark Appelbaum’s attitude towards video games？A. He was against them.B. He was hopeful of them.C.He was in favour of them.D. He was uncertain about them.6. Which of the following may Dr. Daphne Bavelier agree with？A. Video games fix attention problems.B. Video games make kids do well in exams.C. Video games encourage violent behaviour.D. Video games help increase colour knowledge.7. Why are the uses of wine mentioned in the last paragraph？A. To remind people to avoid video games.B. To show the disadvantages of video games.C. To help people learn more about video games.D.To ask people to make good use of video games.CItaly's fashion capital is gray — not only because of the blocks of stone buildings，but also due to its often-gray sky, which traps pollution. ButMilannow wants to change it.The city has an ambitious plan to plant 3 million new trees by 2030 - a move that experts say could offer relief from the city's hot weather. Some projects have already contributed to environmental improvements. Architect Stefano Boeri’s Vertical Forest residential (居民的) tower, completed in 2014, aims to improve not only air quality but the quality of life for Milan residents. Boeri created a smallisland of greenery in the heart ofMilan, filling every balcony with plants that absorb carbon dioxide.“I think forestation is one of the best chances that we have today. It is one of the most effective ways we have to fight climate change, because everyone can plant trees, Boeri said.Damiano Di Simine, a member of the environmental group Legambiente , said the greenMilanproject will lower temperatures in a city where the nighttime temperature can be 6 degrees Celsius higher than in the surrounding area. City show thatMilanexperiences 35 hot nights a year. Because the city lies close to theAlps, Milin gets very little wind to lower the city's temperatures. "Planting trees will help this," Di said.TheVerticalForesthas attracted more than 20 species of birds. And the shade provided by the 800 trees and 15,000 plants means that residents rarely have to put on air conditioning, even in hot summers. TheVerticalForest's total greenery- can absorb 30 metric tons of carbon dioxide every year. The presence of green trees has a very important effect on people's health and psychological state, as has already been proved.8. What change doesMilanplan to make?A. Planting more trees.B. Creating a new fashion style.C. Pulling down more gray stone buildings.D. Doing more surveys to study global wanning.9. What's Boeri's opinion on the city's plan?A. It costs a lot.B. It is unpractical.C. It fails to attract people's attention.D. It is helpful to fight against climate change.10. What is Di Simine's attitude toward the city's plan?A. Doubtful.B. Supportive.C. Disappointed.D. Unconcerned.11. What does the last paragraph focus on?A. Specifics of the city's plan.B. Challenges faced by the city.C. The aim of theVerticalForestproject.D. The positive effect of theVerticalForestproject.DThe outbreak of the novel corona virus pneumonia (NCP) has disrupted the lives and work of nearly every Chinese person. However, a new trend has been on the rise: many have turned themselves into livestreaming users orfollowers.According to Questmobile, a professional big data intelligence services provider in China, the audience for Douyin, Kuaishou and other livestreaming platforms surged to 574 million during the Spring Festival holiday, up 35 percent from 2019.Confined at home, away from their friends and loved ones, people turn to livestreaming to reach out to theworld. For them livestreaming can help them share their lives and interest with a global audience, which will give them the sense of being “in the moment”. Even as viewers, they can also engage immediately with livestreamers by commenting and making suggestions.“When I comment on the livestreaming videos, I’m not simply an audience member, but also an active part of the program. That gives me a sense of engagement,” an Internet user named Wang Hao told People’s Daily.Livestreaming is not only for fun, but also a new tool for many businesses. Affected by the pandemic, many businesses had to stop their sales in physical stores. To meet their business goals and survive during these trying times, many chose to livestream to revive their businesses.Joyoung, a leading maker of small kitchen appliances, is a good example. The company not only added a number of broadcasts each day to advertise their products, but also shared the menus that were beneficial to health. “The responses to our livestreaming shows have been well beyond expectations,” Kang Li, who oversees the company’s livestreaming unit, told China daily. “It’s a natural opportunity to truly bond with our followers.”Like it or not, livestreaming is likely to go mainstream in China for both entertainment and business.12. What is the purpose of writing the second paragraph?A. To introduce some popular livestreaming platforms in China.B. To report data on the development of livestreaming in 2019.C. To show that Chinese people spend too much time on livestreaming apps.D. To prove that livestreaming are becoming increasingly popular in China.13. What does Wang Hao think of commenting on livestreaming?A. It is boring to make comments.B. It is the only way to share viewers’ lives.C. It makes people feel involved in the stream.D. It helps livestreamers improve themselves.14. What do paragraphs 5&6 mainly talk about?A. Livestreaming replaced physical stores in many areas.B. Many businesses turned to livestreaming platform for marketing.C. Livestreaming platforms faced challenges during the pandemic.D. Livestreaming platforms made changes to their services.15. How does the author feel about thefuture of livestreaming？A. Positive.B. Uncertain.C. Disappointed.D. Confused.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020-2021学年上海市静安区高三（上）期末英语试卷（一模）The universe cannot be read until we have learnt the language and become familiar with the（1）______ in which it is written. According to many, it is written in mathematical language, and the letters are triangles, circles and other geometrical figures.In human history, there are （2）______ definitions of "language." Whichever definition is used, a language contains the same components. There must be a vocabulary of words or symbols. Meanings must be（3）______ the words or symbols. A language employs grammar, which is a set of rules that （4）______ how words are organized.Mathematics meets all the standards. The vocabulary of math draws from many different alphabets and includes symbols（5）______ to math. A mathematical equation（等式）may be stated in words to form a sentence that has a noun and a verb Just like a sentence in a spoken language.Mathematics grammar and syntax（句法），like vocabulary, are（6）______ . No matter what country you're from or what language you speak, the stricture of the mathematical language is the same. Formulas（公式）are always read from left to right.Understanding how mathematical sentences work is（7）______ when you learn math. Students often find numbers and symbols frightening, so putting an equation into a familiar language makes the subject（8）______ . Basically, it's like translating a foreign language into a known one. A formula has the same meaning, regardless of any different language that（9）______ it. In this way, math helps people learn and communicate, even if other coimmunostain obstacles exist.Of course,not everyone agrees that mathematics is a language. Some definitions describe "language" as a spoken form of communication. Therefore,some people（10）______ mathematics as it is definitely a written form of expression.Sign language,（11）______ ，would be invalid based on this standard. In fact most linguists accept sign language as a true language. Also,there are a handful of dead languages that no one alive knows how to even （12）______ anymore.A strong （13）______ for mathematics as a language is that modern elementary-high school curricula use （14）______ from language education for teaching mathematics. Educational psychologist Paul Ricco-mini wrote that students learning mathematics required a robust vocabulary knowledge base；fluency andproficiency with numbers, symbols, words, and diagrams；and comprehension skills, which in a way proves the real（15）______ of the subject as a special language after all.1. A. characters B. signals C. items D. portions2. A. formal B. historical C. multiple D. civilian3. A. invisible to B. switched to C. attached to D. divided into4. A. imitate B. outline C. enclose D. diagnose5. A. foreign B. inferior C. unique D. temporary6. A. competitive B. international C. sufficient D. fluent7. A. additional B. traditional C. subjective D. necessary8. A. approachable B. functional C. fundamental D. influential9. A. accompanies B. subscribes C. tracks D. arouses10. A. disqualify B. evaluate C. reform D. erase11. A. in short B. more specificallyC. in particularD. however12. A. rescue B. pronounce C. substitute D. explore13. A. evolution B. case C. preview D. crisis14. A. staff B. techniques C. statistics D. inventions15. A. origin B. nature C. resolution D. reminder16.Directions：Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point（s）of the passage inno more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Surveys indicate that a third of Britons regularly eat on their own. OpenTable, an online restaurant booking app, found that solo dining in New York increased by 80% during the past 5 years. And in Japan, the world capital of solo dining, a trend for "low interaction dining" has taken off. Restaurants are opening which facilitate the ultimate solo dining experience：passing bowls of noodles through black curtains into individual booths.Is this a worrying trend？We think so. Research is revealing the negative impacts of eating alone, which has been found to be linked to a variety of mental and physical health conditions, from depression and diabetes to high blood pressure.So it's cheering that hundreds of food sharing initiatives have sprung up around the world. There's London's Casserole Club, for example, whose volunteers share portions of home-cooked food with people in their area who aren't always able to cook for themselves, in which case they put an end to food waste. Or there is SouthAfrica's Food Jams, social gatherings in which participants are paired up, preferably with strangers, and given a portion of the meal to prepare. Many participants interviewed mentioned that their loneliness was greatly relieved. Such initiatives offer lessons of all kinds to those thinking about how our food systems need to change.They also somewhat compensate for the undesirable outcomes sole eating brings.So why do people stop eating together？There are a variety of reasons. Authors such as Michael Pollan argue that it is due to the fact that people attach less value to home-based labor, including cooking. The widening of the workforce, which brought many women out of the kitchen and into the workplace during the 20th century, also contributed. Meanwhile, the growth in insecure and inconsistent working patterns among a growing proportion of the population also discourages meals eaten communally.17.这类复杂的问题不是一朝一夕就能解决的。

上海市静安区中考英语（一模）模拟试题（含答案）一、单选题1．_______ woman in the picture saved a lot of people's lives.A．A B．An C．The D．/ 2．Many scientists were awarded _______ the government for their great work. A．from B．by C．for D．to 3．During the spring festival, some people visit relatives, _______ go travelling. A．other B．others C．the other D．another 4．We can get more _______ about international events on the Internet than before. A．report B．message C．information D．suggestion 5．Students find that online classes are as _______ as traditional ones.A．helpful B．more helpful C．the most helpful D．most helpful 6．Although the virus sounds _______, we can finally win through hard work. A．terribly B．terrible C．wonderfully D．wonderful 7．Kobe Bryant has left us, _______ his Mamba spirit will encourage us forever. A．and B．or C．so D．but 8．There will be fewer accidents _______ all of us obey the traffic rule.A．if B．unless C．though D．because 9．Professor Tu Youyou never stops doing research on Chinese medicine, _______? A．is she B．isn't she C．does she D．doesn't she 10．—_______ is it from here to the railway station?—About thirty kilometers.A．How soon B．How long C．How fast D．How far 11．Tik Tok(抖音) _______ increasingly welcome among people of all ages so far. A．had become B．became C．has become D．is becoming 12．Some new schools _______ in Minhang District, Shanghai in the near future. A．are built B．will build C．are building D．will be built 13．Everyone _______ show their health code before entering the school.A．must B．can C．may D．ought14．After work Mary decided _______ new technologies to enrich her teaching.A．learned B．to learn C．learning D．learn15．The husband denied _______ his wife when the reporter first interviewed him.A．kill B．to kill C．killing D．killed二、用单词的正确形式完成短文Some literary characters capture the imagination of readers. Their adventures, experiences, 16．and personalities make them unforgettable. Detective Sherlock Holmes is one of these. Author Arthur Conan Doyle created Holmes in 1887. He was intelligent. His ability to notice details, put them together and 17．amazed everyone. He first appeared in the story A Study in Scarlet. The story also introduced Dr. John Watson and how he came to live with Holmes and be part of his life. Watson observes that many interesting people visit Holmes at 18．moments during the day.Watson tells people about this first case which involves the murders of two men. The story is 19．two parts. In the first part, Holmes solves the crime and captures the killer. The second part explains why the killer murdered his victims.The Red-headed League is on many people's lists of their favorite Holmes stories. In this story, red-headed businessman Jabez Wilson came to Holmes for help. Several weeks before, Wilson's young assistant, Vincent Spaulding, showed him a newspaper advertisement. The advertisement said a company called the Red-headed League offered highly paid work to ared-headed man. Wilson got the job and was paid 4 pounds a week for short periods of afternoon work. Then 20．, with no notice, the job stopped. Wilson wanted to discover what happened. Holmes asked for a description of Spaulding and went to see him at Wilson's shop. He noticed that the knees of Spaulding's 21．were dirty. Then Holmes tapped on the pavement in front of Wilson's shop. Next, he called a police inspector and the manager of the bank that was behindWilson's shop. The four men hid 22．and waited. Soon two men, one of whom was Spaulding, showed up from a tunnel cut into the vault's floor and were captured. The two men had 23．the company to keep Wilson away while they dug the tunnel to the bank vault(金库).三、用所给单词的正确形式填空24．The __________ Shanghai Import Expo was held in November, 2020. (three)25．Miss Guo tells us that there're different __________ to improve our memory. (method) 26．You should believe __________ in winning the competition, Judy. (you)27．We provide 2-person tents and __________ camping equipment for tourists. (base) 28．They have reached a __________ about when and where to hold the party. (decide) 29．Her __________ jump brought a loud cheer from the crowd on the playground. (succeed) 30．This kind of medicine is __________ used in our country now. (wide)31．It is __________ for me to go skiing in Changchun. It is such a beautiful city. (forget)四、改写句子32．Ben had already solved the problem before his mum came back. (改为否定句)Ben __________ solved the problem __________ before his mum came back.33．It is convenient for Chinese to pay and receive money on mobile phones. (改为感叹句)__________ __________ it is for Chinese to pay and receive money on mobile phones! 34．We raised a lot of money for the poor children in the west of China. (改为被动语态)A lot of money __________ __________ for the poor children in the west of China. 35．"Are there any new markets in this town?" The sales manager wondered. (改为间接引语) The sales manager wondered __________ there __________ any new markets in this town.五、划线部分提问36．A rope is tied around the neck of the bird to stop it from swallowing the fish. (对划线部分提问)__________ __________ a rope tied around the neck of the bird?六、同义句转化37．The King ordered his men to work out the mystery immediately. (保持句意不变)The King ordered his men to work out the mystery __________ __________.七、将所给单词连成句子38．to communicate with, find, their parents, difficult, the teenagers, it (连词成句) ___________________________.八、阅读单选WELCOME TO SAMESUN BACKPACKERSVenice, CA _____We work hard and strive to create a clean and safe environment where you can meet other travelers and have a lot of fun while doing so! A few things to make your stay more enjoyable:FREE BREAKFAST is from 7: 30-10 am in the kitchen (next to reception). Breakfast includes eggs, oatmeal, waffles, bagels and cream cheese, toast with a range of spreads, orange juice, coffee and teas.FREE AND CHEAP ACTIVITIES run daily. See the activity board beside the front desk or speak to a staff member to get more details.RECEPTION & HOUSEKEEPING — For your comfort and safety there's always a staff member on duty. Please feel free to see the front desk if you have any questions. Our housekeeping team cleans the hostel daily from 11 am-4 pm. During this time staff will be entering every room. Need a beach or bath towel? Just ask the front desk!LUGGAGE STORAGE — We provide FREE storage for luggage while you're staying here. We also offer long-term storage for $3/day per bag.39．The underlined word "strive" means "________".A．change mind B．take action C．make a plan D．make great efforts 40．The housekeeping team cleans the hostel daily from ________.A．7:30 am-10:00 am B．11:00 am-4:00 pm C．10:00 am-4:00 pm D．12:00 am-7:00 am 41．The hostel provides the following free things except ________.A．breakfast B．beer C．activities D．WIFI42．Which of the following is the best to be filled in the blank?A．HOUSE RULES B．KITCHEN RULES C．BAR RULES D．NETWORK RULES 43．The underlined word "they" refers to "________".A．housekeepers B．businessmen C．your friends D．staff members 44．The form above is aimed at ________.A．helping staff members to organize activities B．giving introduction of different hostels C．offering resources for job hunting D．providing information for guests to check in the hostel九、完型填空Every culture has set rules about how people should act. Patterns of good behavior, or manners, show respect and care for others. Yet the details of 45 to express respect are so different.Greeting people cheerfully is almost always considered polite. But it's more important in some cultures than others. For example, when you enter a store in France, you should always greet the person working there. Other cultures also 46 greeting people. But of course the greetings vary as people speak different languages.When I was growing up in the United States, I once took part in a performance at my church. Afterwards, someone gave me compliment, but I felt like I had done a bad job. So I tried to refuse the compliment, saying "No, I didn't do that well." My mother stopped me and told me that was very 47 . Later I learned that refusing a compliment is accepted in China.Some of the biggest cultural differences have to do with 48 . In North America, it's polite to eat as quietly as possible. That means chewing with your mouth closed and not slurpingyour soup. The same goes for burping(打嗝). But in parts of Asia, slurping shows that you are enjoying your meal. And burping is a sign of being full and content.There are also differences in how people eat across cultures. 49 , in North America and Europe people use forks to bring food to their mouths. But in Thailand, a fork is only used to push food onto a spoon. In India and the Middle East, people eat with their hands. But eating with the left hand is frowned upon. This is because the left hand is considered unclean.Yet there are also similar points across cultures. Saying "please" and "thank you" is almost always polite. If you show appreciation and try to 50 local customs, people will generally respond well. Showing kindness can bring people together, no matter what culture they come from.45．A．what B．how C．when D．where 46．A．mind B．avoid C．imagine D．value 47．A．rude B．simple C．common D．accurate 48．A．family parties B．table manners C．fashion tastes D．instruction signs 49．A．What's more B．In short C．For example D．Above all 50．A．change B．develop C．follow D．mention十、单词填空Few people know about online food delivery apps 10 years ago, but today many would find that it is hard to live w51．them. In China alone, over 400 million people use such apps. For better or for worse, online food delivery s52．have changed the way we eat, and they are also having a huge influence on our society.These apps have no doubt bringing us many benefits. They provide jobs for millions of people and help restaurants find more customers. S53．the apps are very convenient, they also benefit consumers. We can now have meals delivered at any time of day, which is especially important for people who work long hours, as they might not have time to cook. Not only do theseapps save time, they also provide us with a wide variety of restaurants to choose from.However, we must not forget the problems of online food delivery. For one thing, they make it even easier to order u54．food, high in sugar, fat and salt. Food safety is another problem. It can be hard to tell where the food a55．comes from, and whether the owner is allowed to run a restaurant. As couriers (递送者) need to deliver the orders as quickly as possible, some may pay less attention to traffic rules. These years, there have been a number of terrible traffic accidents because of this. Moreover, the industry is p56．unbelievable amounts of packaging waste. Over a million tons of online food delivery boxes are thrown away every year.There are many good points of online food delivery, but we need to make sure that we make the right c57．in the long run. We should do our best to limit waste, especially when it comes to packaging. We also need to think about what we eat and the influence on our health. Next time you want to order in, you should think about whether you really need to. In most cases, it is better to walk over to the supermarket, buy the ingredients you need, and then cook them on your own.十一、回答问题On June 28, my parents celebrated 70 years of marriage. Mom and Dad live in Calverton. They have been through years of hard work and good times, always supporting each other.When I was a little girl, I remembered my parents working side by side in spring, summer, fall, and winter cleaning or working in the yard, or painting, and wallpapering. They have taught me what hard work is.My parents bought a house in Elmont. They never believed they'd be able to own their own home, and to them, it was their castle. They worked hard to decorate it and kept it looking beautiful. They taught us to work hard and to appreciate everything we had.Mom likes everything--sightseeing, clubs, anything, and everything. Dad, even today, can't understand why she always wants to go out!Mom is still active with the Red Hatters women's group and her gardening club. Dad spoils(宠爱) her by taking care of the house, but also watches a lot of baseball and does jigsaw puzzles.The key to their sweet marriage is that they respect each other.With the help of my brother, they also stay current with new technology. Their latest acquisition is an iPad.My brother, who is 67, and I (now 69), have always known we are lucky to have such great parents. My daughter and I try to see them almost every weekend when we play cards together and catch up on the week's news.My parents are the glue that holds our whole family together, making holidays and ordinary days special to us all.I know we are lucky to have them both. I even save all of their voice mail messages, just so I'll have their voice to hear when eventually they are not here. But Mom keeps telling us all she's definitely going to live to be 100, so we will have a few more holidays, birthdays, and memories to experience. I learn what love is from my parents.658．How long have Mom and Dad got married?____________________________.59．When do the writer's parents work side by side?____________________________.60．Did Mom and Dad own their own house?____________________________.61．Who helps the writer's parents stay current with the new technology?____________________________.62．What has the writer learned from her parents?____________________________.63．What might be the possible ending to the passage? Write two sentences to give an ending to the passage.____________________________.参考答案1．C2．B3．B4．C5．A6．B7．D8．A9．C10．D11．C12．D13．A14．B15．C16．D17．A18．C19．E20．A21．E22．B23．C24．third25．methods26．yourself27．basic28．decision29．successful30．widely31．unforgettable32．hadn’t yet33．How convenient34．was raised35．if/whether were36．Why is37．at once38．The teenagers find it difficult to communicate with their parents. 39．D40．B41．B42．A43．C44．D45．B46．D47．A48．B49．C50．C51．without52．services(softwares)53．Since54．unhealthy55．actually56．producing57．choice58．For 70 years/They have been married for 70 years59．They work side by side in spring, summer, fall and winter/all year round60．Yes, they did61．The writer's brother62．She has learned what love is from her parents63．I also influence my children like my parents. I want my children to understand what love is。

2023届上海市静安区高三一模英语试卷(2)一、听力选择题1. What might bother the man?A．His dieting.B．His weight.C．His schedule.2.A．He is likely to help.B．He has already asked for help.C．He was the last one to use the computer.D．He does not know a lot about computers.3. What did the speakers think of the lecture?A．Fun.B．Boring.C．Informative.4.A．She threw something at a truck.B．She threw herself out of window and broke her leg.C．She moved a truck to save a little boy.D．She rushed to a moving truck to save a kid.5. What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?A．Classmates.B．Colleagues.C．Teacher and student.二、听力选择题6. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

1. Who told the woman something about the man?A．Her classmate.B．Her neighbor.C．Her friend.2. What’s the woman like?A．Friendly.B．Shy.C．Humorous.3. What’s the most probable relationship between the speakers?A．Friends.B．Colleagues.C．Strangers.4. When did the woman move?A．About two months ago.B．About two years ago.C．About two days ago.7. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

上海市2021届高三一模英语试题专项汇编01-2021年上海市高三英语一模真题专项训练之语法填空Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.2021黄浦一模Consider the Mechanical PencilIf you used to collect small objects. I'm sure (if you were anything like my younger self) that you used to collect mechanical pencils.In one of the math preparatory classes I (21)________(go) to in elementary and middle school, we used to receive-mechanical pencils as prizes for doing well on the in-class exams or answering questions in class. This was (22)________ I built up my collection of Cadoozles, which are short mechanical pencils decorated with brightly colored spaceships and ice cream bars. But I've long since used up all my Cadoozles and a majority of the mechanical pencils that I (23) ________(hide) in an empty moon-cake tin so many years before, which makes me reflect fondly back on those old days, when receiving a mechanical pencil was as easy as drinking a glass of water.Mechanical pencils are not only more convenient than your traditional Ticonderoga in the sense that they never need (24) ________ (sharpen); they also produce thinner, cleaner lines, which is extremely important for drawers and drafters. Furthermore, they are environmentally friendly, since you don't have to buy (25) ________ wooden pencil whenever you run out of lead(铅芯). You can simply refill your mechanical pencil. There is only one slight negative I must remark on, (26)________ is that as someone who calls mechanical pencils "lead pencil" in casual conversation, the term "lead pencil" is confusing. Mechanical pencil lead is actually not made from the chemical element lead. It is made from a mixture of graphite and clay, which (27)________ not give you lead poisoning. This is contrary to what my third-grade teacher said when she saw my classmate John clicking his mechanical pencil against his index finger out of boredom: "John,stop that! You're going to get lead poisoning!" I think all the third-graders (and teachers) in the world would feel much (28)________(safe) if they knew what really made up the pencils they use every day.It used to be so easy to grab a mechanical pencil whenever I needed one, but (29)______ ______ the moon-cake tin has become increasingly lighter, I have learned to appreciate my writing instruments more. Perhaps I should have collected a few more Cadoozles when I was younger; perhaps I should have appreciated the feeling of holding up the moon-cake tin when it was three-quarters full, hoping that there would always be a new pencil for me (30)________(use) tomorrow.答案21.went 22.how/when 23.had hidden 24.sharpening/to be sharpened25.another/a 26.which 27.can 28.safer 29.now that/in that 30.to use2021崇明一模Geography Makes a Silent ReturnIn many ways geography is the forgotten science. Even the word “geography” tends to make people think of students (21) _______ (label) maps in social studies class. But that hasn’t always been true. Before the internet, the world was a mysterious place. In many cases, people didn’t really know (22)_______ existed a few miles from home. Studying geography offered people a way to learn about the world.Geography, (23)_______ (define) as the study of Earth, has always had a focus on maps. But mapping hasn’t always been easy. In the days before satellites, mapmaking required years of dangerous and difficult work. But mapping also meant a chance at adventure and fame.Geography became the subject of explorers. People were eager to hear about the new things and places (24) _______ geographers had studied. National Geographic is a great example of this interest. For more than a hun dred years, the magazine’s stories and pictures (25) _______ (tell) people about our exciting world.Technology has changed the way people think about geography. Travel is now easy. The internet makes information simple (26) _______ (find). We trust our phones to take us (27) _______ we want to go. Even National Geographic has expanded beyond traditional geography, but that doesn’t mean geography has become (28) _______ (important).While some apps are obvious examples of modern geography in action, geography remains important in more subtle (不易察觉的) ways, too. Geography, which helps house hunters, solvespublic health issues, and determines good locations for new businesses, (29) _______ (use) to plan communities as well.Like traditional geographers, modern geographers study many different topics. That makes them well-suited for many different jobs and industries. Today, geographers often have titles like “urban planner” or “data analyst”. And the world is noticing (30) _______ number of graduates with degrees in geography is also growing.Maybe it’s time for you to discover the forgotten science again.答案21. labelling / labeling 22. what 23. defined 24. that / which 25. have told / have been telling 26. to find 27. where/ wherever 28. less important 29. is used 30. the2021宝山一模SOS message on the sand saves missing sailorsMicronesia is an area of the western Pacific Ocean with more than 600 islands, (21) ______ covers a huge area of ocean north of the large island of New Guinea.Recently, three Micronesian sailors set out to sail 42 km from one Micronesian island to another. Unfortunately, they got (22) ______ (lose), and then they ran out of fuel. After a long time drifting without power in the ocean, they landed on the tiny island of Pikelot, more than 100 km from their destination.Pikelot is just 450 meters long and 280 meters wide. The highest point on Pikelot is only four meters above the sea. No people live there, and there is no water. The little island (23) ______ (cover) in trees and has sandy beaches.Three days after the three sailors set out on their voyage, they did not arrive at their destination, so ships and aircraft in the area began looking for the (24)______(miss) men. But it was almost impossible to decide where (25) ______ (look) because there are so many small islands and the ocean is so large. One of the ships was the Australian navy ship HMAS Canberra, which (26) ______ (sail) from Australia to Hawaii and had a helicopter on board.During this time, the three sailors decided to write (27) ______ message on the beach on their tiny island. They wrote a huge SOS in the sand. SOS is an international signal that people use (28) ______ they need help. Luckily, people on an American aircraft saw the SOS message in the sand and contacted the Canberra. A helicopter (29) ______ the ship landed on the beach and gave the men food and water. Soonafter, a Micronesian boat arrived and rescued the three sailors. They are very lucky to be alive, and it was the SOS message in the sand (30) ______ saved them.答案21. which 22. lost 23. is covered 24. missing 25. to look26. was sailing 27. a 28. when 29.from 30. That2021徐汇一模When educators think of literacy -- the ability to read and write -- they often place more importance on stude nts’ abilities to read and fully understand a piece of writing.But experts say critical and creative writing skills are equally important. And, they say, they (21)_______ (overlook) too often in the classroom.Compared to reading, writing is (22) _______ (active). It helps students be independent thinkers, take ownership of their stories and ideas and communicate them clearly to others, says Elyse Eidman-Aadahl. She heads the National Writing Project, (23) _______ offers help for teachers who want to push students to write more.Elyse said, “I have to say (24) _______ we want an education system just (25) _______ (focus) on making people consumers and not on helping them be producers, this emphasis on reading only -- which does happen in so many places -- is very short-sighted.”She said students’ writing work now usually centers on examining a text, (26) _______ _______ presenting a new idea. Writing, she said, should be “the central thing you’re learning. Not writing on a test, not writing to demonstra te you’re learning (27) _______ someone has taught you....”Teaching reading together with writing improves both skills, says Rebecca Wallace-Segall, who heads a New York City writing center, Writopia Lab.She said writing affects a person’s ability to re ad and more than 90 percent of young people in the Writopia program do not trust their writing abilities (28) _______ they start. But she said they learn to enjoy the writing process and become more effective readers, too.Elyse said employers today seek workers “all the time” who can write well. Digital tools increasingly mean that people are “(29) _______(interact) with the internet through writing,” she said.Young people are already writing all the time -- through text messages, emails and on social media.Elyse believes every young person today is a writer if they are connected to the internet. So, she added, “we have to help them do it in the best, most responsible, critical, prosocial way.”Rebecca argues that writing also helps students work through difficulties they face in life “subconsciously”.“They’re not writing a story about a difficult fath er or directly about a bully in class, (30) _______ creating a fictional scenario (电影剧本) that might feel distant enough for them to go deep into it.”答案21. are overlooked 22. more active 23. which 24. unless 25. focused26. instead of/rather than 27. what 28. when 29. interacting 30. but2021青浦一模Eating jellyfish could save endangered fishAccording to the IUCN Red List 32,000 species are threatened with extinction — everything from birds and mammals. Despite national and international efforts being gathered to protect threatened species, we actively fish for many of them. For those of us who enjoy the odd fish and chips, this isn't great news, (21)_____________ the researchers have come up with an unusual way we can help while still enjoying seafood—and it involves eating jellyfish.Between 2006 and 2014, 92 vulnerable or endangered species of seafood were being caught, recorded, and sold. When they are sold, it is rare that fish and invertebrate (无脊椎的) species (22)____________ (require) to be labelled according to species, so consumers have no way of knowing (23)____________ they're eating.The research team stresses the fact (24)____________ this is only a brief view of the real problem. "A lot of the seafood catch and import records are listed in groups like ‘marine fish'. Here we didn't look at those vague records, we only looked at records (25)_____________ the actual species was listed — so we've made a huge underestimate of the actual catch of endangered species."There are some ways to untie the mess we're creating in the world's oceans, including (26)____________ (expand) our idea of seafood to include jellyfish. That might sound a little off the theme, but it's not the first time scientists have suggested (27)_____________ as a food source. It makes a lot of sense because Jellyfish is considered a minor species of wild animals and scientists might think its number is increasing worldwide.Of course, there are other ways to help keep endangered species (28)_____________ the menu. "Weneed to improve the labelling of seafood (29)_________ __________ the consumers can have all of the information to make an informed choice," UQ conservation scientist Carissa Klein told ScienceAlert.And the informed choice, at least in some places, is (30)_____________ (easy) than you might imagine. In Australia, where the researchers are based, there's the Sustainable Seafood Guide to provide the best choices for seafood. There's also Seafood Watch in the US, which is run by the Monterey Bay Aquarium.答案21. but 22. are required 23. what 24. that 25. where26. expanding 27. it 28. off 29. so that 30. easier2021普陀一模The Popular Mobile LibraryAround the world, the mobile library projects are bringing books and even advice to communities with serious and urgent needs.Every week, two modified blue buses (21) __________ (stock) with children’s books carefully run down the streets of Kabul. These travelling libraries stop off at schools in different parts of the city, (22) __________ (deliver) a wealth of reading materials directly to the youngsters who have limited access to books. “A lot of schools in our city don’t have access to something as basic as a library,”says Rim, a 27-year-old Oxford University graduate who (23) __________ (inspire) to start Charm, a non-profit organization, in her home city having grown up without many books herself. “We were trying to understand (24) __________ we could do to promote c ritical thinking in our country.”For many people a bus or train journey presents a rare opportunity to get stuck into a book, and in some cities public transport is being regarded as means of getting books to communities that need (25) __________ most. The vehicle was rebuilt not only to spread the joy of reading, but also to improve people’s life.Comic books were left on trains, buses and underground systems in the cities around the UK (26) __________ (early) this month to mark 80 years of Marvel Comics.Carriages on the two subway trains in Beijing were turned into audio book libraries, where passengers were able to download books. To give the train a library feel, the walls are decorated with books, (27) __________ covers look like bookshelves.People in the Netherlands get to travel on trains for free during the country’s annual book week celebrations. Passengers can present a novel (28) __________ a rail ticket.In the Greek city of Thessaloniki, the transport ministry installed mini libraries at bus stops (29) __________ (allow) passengers to read as they wait for the bus, or borrow and read on their journey to be returned at a later date.Passengers on New York’s subway (30) __________ download free short stories, poems, essays a nd so on to their devices.答案21.stocked 22. delivering 23. was inspired 24. what 25. them26. earlier 27. whose 28. instead of / rather than 29. to allow 30. can2021虹口一模The Rise of Robot-ChefsCREATOR is a new hamburger joint in San Francisco. It now claims to deliver a burger worth $18 for $6 -- in other words, (21) ______ (provide) the quality associated with expensive restaurants at a fast-food price. What matters behind this claim is that its chef is a robot.Creator’s burger robot is a trolley-sized unit that has a footprint of two square metres. Customers send it their orders via a tablet. They are able to cook everything from (22) ______ well-done the burger will be to the type of cheese and toppings they want.The process sounds rather simple now. But, in fact, the machine took eight years to perfect after it (23) ______ (create). As far back as 2012, a mere two years into the project, it was described as “95% reliable”, but that is not enough for a busy kitchen. Chopping tomatoes was a particularly tough challenge, but even details like the very tool (24) ______ packs the burger into a bag without squeezing it were tricky for the machine to master. Only now, with a machine to make reliably 120 burgers an hour, (25) ______ Alex Vardakostas, the engineer behind the project, and his co-founders, a mixture of technologists and caterers, feel confident enough to open their first restaurant.Creator is not alone. Other robot chefs have already been working, (26) ______ (prepare) entire meals, or soon will be, in kitchens in other parts of the world. (27) ______ ______ ______ that, this new wave of automation could signal a dramatic shift in the way the fast food industry employs people. That does not necessarily mean (28) ______ (employ) fewer staff. Rather, more of them will be in roles where they can directly help customers. “Creator’s goal is not to be the most automated and (29) ______ (human-centered) restaurant, but actually not,” said V ardakostas.It is too early to say whether this first wave of robot chefs will develop well in such a demanding environment as the kitchen. (30) ______ it does, it’s certain to mark a change in our relationship with cookery. Cooking could be something people choose to do simply for the sheer pleasure of it.答案21. to provide 22. how 23. had been created 24. that 25. do26. preparing 27. In spite of 28. employing 29. the least human-centered 30. If2021闵行一模There are many ways of defining success. It is accurate to say that each of us has our own concept of success to the extent that each of us is responsible for setting our own goals and determining (21) ______ we have met these goals satisfactorily. Because each of us possesses unique differences in genetic ability and favorable environments, it is necessarily true that we must define success broadlyFor some people, simply being able to live their life with a minimum of misery and suffering (22) ______ (consider) a success. Think of the peace of mind of the poor shepherd who tends his sheep, enjoying his simple life with his family in the beauty of nature, and (23) ______ is respected because he does a good job of achieving the goals expected of and accepted by him and his society. On the other hand, it seems that (24) ______ ______ some people appear to be rich in material possessions, many of them seem to be miserable and consider (25) ______ unsuccessful when judged by their own goals of success. Because not all ventures can be successful, one should not set unrealistic goals for achieving success, but (26) ______ one has self-confidence it would be unfortunate to set one’s goals at too low a level of achievement.A wise counselor once said to a young man who (27) ______ (experience) frustration with his own professional success: “You do not have to set your goal to reach the moon in order to have success intraveling. Sometimes one (28) ______ be very successful merely by taking a walk in the park, or riding the subway downtown,” The counselor added, “You have not really failed and spoiled your chanc es for success until you have been unsuccessful at something you really like, and (29) ______ which you have given your best effort.”Whatever you define success, remember, we are born to live the lives we truly want and deserve, but not just the lives (30) ______ (settle) for us.答案21.whether / if 22. is considered 23. who 24. even though/if 25. themselves26. if 27. was experiencing 28. can /could 29. to 30. settled2021长宁一模For perhaps the first time in the history of modern education, millions of primary and secondary students may begin the new school year from home. Pupils in England should return to schools in September, but Covid-19 cases __21__ (rise), so this may not be possible. Scientists also warn that there will be many more cases when pupils return to schools. Some parents may choose not to send their children back __22__ their family's safety.Teachers are worried about children who __23__ (fall) behind in their school work. Parents and carers are feeling anxious about the need to balance work and home schooling. But an experimentby an 18th-century French schoolmaster, Jackboot, may help them to worry less about home schooling.Jackboot had to teach in Belgium. His pupils spoke only Flemish, and he spoke only French. He gave his students a novel __24__ (write) in his mother tongue and a French dictionary. He encouraged them to teach themselves. It worked.Learning does not only happen when someone older puts information into the learner's mind. Think about how often children and even adults learn from trial and error, from learning to ride a biketo __25__ (use) a new technology. Learning happens when you ask children difficult questions at the dinner table, encourage them to build a tree-house or find things for themselves on Wikipedia.In the 18th century, when only the sons of rich men got a school education. Jackboot wanted to show __26__ poor children could learn. Parents could teach them by encouraging and asking questions.It's the same today. __27__ students have the right resources __28__ (explore) ideas for themselves, many people can "teach" - including carers and parents during a pandemic(流行病). However, some poorer students will do worse __29__ they do not have access to the Internet.Jackboot showed that learning does not only happen in a classroom and that human beings are learning beings: they know hardly anything at birth __30__ seek out and develop incredible capacities. That should make us less worried about children during this difficult time and more hopeful about ourselves.答案21. are arising/have been rising 22. for 23. have fallen 24. written 25. using26. how 27. if 28. to explore 29. because/as/since/for 30. but2021浦东新区一模Since astronomers confirmed the presence of planets beyond our solar system, called exoplanets, humans (21) __________ (wonder) how many could harbor life.Now, we’re one step closer to (22) __________ (find) an answer. According to the Kepler space telescope,about half the stars similar in temperature (23) __________ our Sun could have a r ocky planet capable of supporting liquid water on its surface.Our galaxy holds at least an (24) __________ (estimate) 300 million of these potentially habitable worlds, based on even the most conservative interpretation of the results in anew study to be published in The Astronomical Journal.This research helps us understand the potential for these planets (25) __________ (support) life. This is an essential part of astrobiology, the study of life’s origins and future in our universe.The study is authored by NASA scientists (26) __________ worked on the Kepler mission alongside collaborators from around the world. NASA retired the space telescope in 2018after it ran out of fuel. Nine years of the telescope’s observations revealed that there are billions of planets in our galaxy--more planets than stars.(27) __________ this result is far from a final value, it’s extremely exciting that we calculated that these worlds are this common with such high confidence.That’s a wide range of different stars, each with (28) __________ own particular properties impacting whether the rocky planets in its orbit are capable of supporting liquid water.These complexities are partly why it is so difficult to calculate how many potentially habitable planets are out there, especially when even our (29) __________(powerful) telescopes can just barely detect these small planets. That’s __________ (30) the research team took a new approach.答案21.have wondered/have been wondering 22.finding 23.to 24.estimated 25.to support26.who 27.Though 28.its 29.most powerful 30.why2021松江一模Music Festival in MontrealEvery Sunday afternoon in the Plateau section (高原地区) of Montreal, thousands of people of all ages, nationalities, and economic backgrounds gather at the Jacques Cartier Monument in Mont Royal Park to play instruments, sing and dance. This weekly joyful event is called the “Tam-tam” — a name (21) _________ (refer) to an African drum —and has become an institution among Montreal’s bohemians (放荡不羁的文化人).The Plateau is on e of Canada’s most racially varied districts where French and English are both spoken, unlike the rest of French-speaking Montreal. Many artists, musicians, and writers inhabit this area due to the cheap rent of apartments and studios. In the sixties, it became known (22)_________ the bohemian area of Montreal, and the stores began selling clothing, music and books (23)_________ satisfied the tastes.Mont Royal Park is (24) _________ many of these artists and musicians would meet in the sixties to have lunch or just spend an afternoon together. Musicians brought instruments, and eventually impromptu (即兴的) performance of jazz got started, (25) _________(attract) poets who recited their works to the music being performed.Word got out about these gatherings, and it appealed to even more people until it was decided that these gatherings would happen every Sunday afternoon. Not only (26) _________ people have a great time at these gatherings, but it was also an excellent opportunity for musicians (27)_________ (schedule) further meetings in order to cooperate on musical projects.Tam-tam (28)_________ (become) a sort of Montreal institution already, which is drawing thousands of people every week and representing freedom and creativity, owing to (29)_________ impromptu nature. The event begins around noon and ends at sunset. Everyone is invited to attend a Tam-tam with an instrument, (30)_________ the hosts think the crowd participation can make Tam- tam a special occasion.答案21.referring 22. as 23. that / which 24. where 25. attracting 26. did / could27.to schedule 28. has become 29. its / the 30. for / because / as /since2021杨浦一模Causes of and Solutions to Frugal Fatigue(节俭疲劳症)Have you ever attempted to save money to such a degree that you are not enjoying your life anymore? If so, you could be suffering from frugal fatigue. Simply (21)_________(put), frugal fatigue refers to being sick and tired of attempting to save every penny that you earn. When you are determined to prioritize your savings, it can be initially (22)_________(tempt) to cut out every single luxury item from your budget. However, the problem with this strategy is that in the long run, you may experience burnout from allowing yourself no luxuries whatsoever.Frugal fatigue can be compared to extreme dieting. Someone attempting to diet in order to lose weight (23)_________ decide to give up all treats such as chocolate, cakes, and alcohol, (24)_________ of which presents health risks if consumed in moderation. (25)_________ months of eating nothing but vegetables and snacking on fruits alone, it would be no surprise if one became fed up with dieting. What tends to happen in the cases of frugal fatigue is that the individual in question suddenly reaches a breaking point (26)_________ he goes on spending spree(狂欢) to get relief. This causes them to lose all the savings that they(27)_________ (store) up thus far, and then they suffer from financial anxiety again.So, how does one prevent frugal fatigue? One method is to avoid adopting an all-or-nothing attitude.(28)_________ (plan) a careful budget that not only enables you to save money but also allows you the occasional luxury purchase. This way, you will not feel (29)_________ you are robbing yourself of all treats. Another effective strategy is to establish realistic goals for saving. Try to break up your financial goals into manageable milestones. Be sure to keep very clear reasons in mind for(30)_________ you are saving, whether it’s for a vacation or a retirement fund.答案21. put 22. tempting 23. may/might 24. none 25. After 26. where27. have stored 28. Plan 29. as if/as though 30. why2021奉贤一模Children moving from primary to secondary school are ill-equipped to deal with the booming of social media, as it is playing an increasingly important role in their lives, and is exposing them to significant emotional risks, according to a recent report by the Office of the Children’s Commissioner for England.The report shows that many children in year 7—the first year of secondary school, ____21____ almost everyone in the class will have a phone and be active on social media – feel under pressure to be constantly connected.They kind of ____22____ (worry) about their online image, particularly when they start to follow celebrities on Insta gram and other platforms. They are also upset about “sharenting” – when parents post pictures of them on social media without ____23____ (permit)—and show the concern ____24____ their parents won’t listen if they ask them to take pictures do wn.The report, based on group interviews with 8- to 12-year-olds , shows that ____25____ most social media sites have an official age limit of 13, an ____26____ (estimate) 75% of 10- to 12-year-olds will have a social media account.Some children are almost addicted t o “likes”, the report says. Aaron, an 11-year-old in year 7, told researchers, “If I got 150 likes, I’d be like, that’s pretty cool, it means they like you.” Some children described feeling ____27____ (confident) than those they follow on social media. Aimee, also 11, said, “____28____ (compare) yourself with them, you might feel devalued because you’re not very pretty.”。

2024届上海市静安区高三一模英语试卷(满分140分,完卷时间120分钟)2023.12 考生注意：1. 完卷时间120分钟,试卷满分140分。

2. 本调研设试卷和答题纸两部分，全卷共12页。

所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名。

第Ⅰ卷(共100分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a gallery. B. At the barber's. C. In a restaurant. D. At the tailor's.2. A. Fellow workers. B. Family members. C. Doctor and patient. D. Driver and passenger.3. A. Choosing psychology. B. Choosing economics.C. Neither is a good choice.D. Choosing a major of interest.4. A. She did not feel sorry for being late for the appointment.B. She did not inform the man of her del ay in advance.C. She wasn't really caught in the traffic jam.D. She wasn't always late for the appointment.5. A. It was lost and won't be found. B. It was transferred to a different city.C. It was delivered to her hotel already.D. It was stolen during her trip.6. A. He has realized he still leaves much to be desired.B. He is angry with not getting the lead role in the play.C. He is confident about getting the lead role next time.D. He feels reluctant to take the new responsibilities.7. A. They told a lot of stories during the meeting.B. There is no need for them to argue so fiercely in public.C. Both perspectives should be considered before judging.D. They should have resolved their issues in private.8. A. She has already been to the café.B. She is not interested in going to the café.C. She knows about the café but hasn't visited it.D. She wants to go to the café right away.9. A. She expects the man to help Brian move to a new house.B. She expects the man to take mum to Brain's new house.C. She expects the man to celebrate mum's birthday together.D. She expects the man to make a phone call to Mum.10. A. The fantastic and high-quality camera. B. The need for better internet connectivity.C. Their favorite photography techniques.D. The pros and cons of a new smartphone.Section BDirections:In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 1 1 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Its regular driving practices and poor vehicles. B. Its lack of green spaces and air cleaners.C. Its excessive water pollution and rubbish.D. Its high air pollution and crowded roads.12. A. Establishing a high interest loan scheme. B. Removing outdated black and white taxis.C. Encouraging customers to create new ideas.D. Making advertisements on old vehicles.13. A. Because customers are more friendly and richer.B. Because all new cabs provide air-conditioning.C. Because all new cabs are equipped with meters.D. Because car manufacturers can earn extra money.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Canceling all the gifts. B. Applying a ‘one-gift’ rule.C. Giving children less time to play.D. Encouraging buying second-hand gifts.15. A. Buying a rare and expensive souvenir. B. Buying a hand-made craft product.C. Giving something that won't cost money.D. Giving an experience of something new.16. A. The waste caused by Christmas gifts. B. The importance of buying gifts for children.C. The creative ideas of giving gifts to avoid waste.D. The negative effects of receiving too many gifts.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. By trading physical items. B. By exchanging artistic creativity.C. By hosting art exhibitions.D. By making artistic advertisements.18. A. Painting and writing. B. Graphic design and photography.C. Music and album cover design.D. Video editing and project management.19. A. Members can benefit without efforts.B. Members can make money by providing artistic services.C. Members can get copyrights of other artistic offerings.D. Members can have access to the creative exchange list.20. A. Competitive individualism. B. Artistic cooperation and inspiration.C. Individual fame in the art field.D. Material collaboration and exchange.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Japan's robot revolution in senior careJapan's artificial intelligence expertise is transforming the elder care industry, with (21) _____(specialize) robotic care accomplishing more than just taking pressure off the critical shortage of caregivers. Senior care facilities across Japan are testing out such new robots (22) _____deliver a collection of social and physical health care and the government-backed initiative has been met with positive reviews by elderly residents.The rapidly graying population (23) _____(eye) by the government as a potential market for medical technology now. Disappointing government predictions show that by 2025, Japan's first baby boomers will have turned 75 and about 7 million people are likely to suffer from some form of dementia (痴呆). The nation won't be able to avoid a dementia crisis (24) _____an additional 3 80.000 senior care workers.The long-standing shortage of professional care workers has encouraged the Japanese government (25) _____(simplify) procedures for foreign caregivers to be trained and certified. The current Technical Intern Training Program between Vietnam, the Philippines, and Indonesia, under (26) _____Economic Partnership Agreement, was extended to include nursing care as well as agriculture, fishery, and construction sectors.(27) _____the government made efforts to increase the numbers of senior care workers, the target number of foreign graduates has still fallen flat, with the national caregiver examination proving a major obstacle to pass. The success rate for foreign students was a merely 106 students last year, (28) _____has slightly improved to 216 students this year. Another depressing reality is that 19 to 38 percent of foreign nurses who pass the exam opt to leave the industry and return home, (29) _____(cite) tough work conditions and long hours. Given the challenges, this is (30) _____ the government believes care robots will be able to step in.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Sea-level rise predictionsA team of University of Idaho scientists is studying a fast-moving glacier in Alaska in hopes of developing better predictions on how quickly global sea levels will rise.Tim Bartholomaus, a professor in the Department of Geography and Geological Sciences, spent several weeks on Turner Glacier in Alaska's southeastern (31) _____near Disenchantment Bay. The glacier is unique because, unlike other glaciers, it rises greatly every five to eight years.A surging glacier is defined, (32) _____, as one that starts flowing at least 10 times faster than normal. But the how and why of that glacial movement is poorly understood, although recent research suggests that global climate change increases the (33) _____of glacial surging.During Turner's surges, the mass of ice and rock will increase its speed from roughly 3 feet a day to 65 feet per day.All of that is important because glaciers falling into the ocean are a major contributor to sea level rise, and current climate change models don't (34) _____account for these movements. For example, Greenland's glaciers are one of the leading contributors to global sea-level rise. Since the early 2000s, Greenland (35) _____from not having any effect on world sea levels, to increasing sea level by about 1 millimeter per year. Half of that yearly increase is due to warmer average temperatures, which leads to more ice melting. The other half, however, is because glaciers in Greenland are, as a whole, moving faster and running into the ocean more frequently.Glacial movement has something to do with water running underneath the glacier. Glaciers are full of holes, and water runs through those holes. When the water pressure is high underneath a glacier, it starts to move, partly because it's lifting the mass of ice and rock off the ground and partly because it's (36) _____the underside of the glacier.But how exactly does that water move through the glacier, and how does the movement (37) _____the glacier’s speed? Those are the questions the scientists hope to answer.Bartholomaus, some graduate students and researchers from Boise State University, (38) _____onto the ice in August. They set up a base camp at the toe of the glacier and spent their days flying in on helicopters. They placed roughly 30 instruments, burying them deeply into the glacier and (39) _____them on rock outcroppings (露岩) alongside the glacier. This summer the team will return to get the instruments and replace batteries. Those instruments will (40) _____on and around the glacier until the glacier surge stops, providing researchers with before and after data.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Investors probably expect that following the suggestions of stock analysts would make them better off than doing the exact opposite. (41) _____, recent research by Nicola Gennaioli and his colleagues shows that the best way to gain excess return s would be to invest in the shares least favored by analysts. They compute that, during the last 35 years, investing in the 10 percent of U. S. stocks analysts were most (42) _____about would have yielded on average 3 percent a year. (43) _____, investing in the 10 percent of stocks analysts were most pessimistic aboutwould have yielded a surprising 15 percent a year.Gennaioli and colleagues shed light on this (44) _____with the help of cognitive sciences and, in particular, using Kahneman and Tversky's concept of representativeness. Decision makers, according to this view, (45) _____the representative features of a group or a phenomenon. These are defined as the features that occur more frequently in that group than in a baseline reference group.After observing strong earnings growth—the explanation goes—analysts think that the firm may be the next Google. “Googles” are in fact more frequent among firms experiencing strong growth, which makes them (46) _____. The problem is that “Googles” are very (47) _____in absolute terms. As a result, expectations become too optimistic, and future performance (48) _____. A model of stock prices in which investor beliefs follow this logic can account both qualitatively and quantitatively for the beliefs of analysts and the dynamics(动态变化) of stock returns.In related work, the authors also show that the same model can (49) _____booms and busts in the volume of credit and interest rate spreads.These works are part of a research project aimed at taking insights from cognitive sciences and at (50) _____ them into economic models. Kahneman and Tversky's concept of “representativeness” lies at the heart of this effort. “In a classical example, we (51) _____to think of Irishmen as redheads because red hair is much more frequent among Irishmen than among the rest of the world,”Prof. Gennaioli says. “However, only 10 percent of Irishmen are redheads. In our work, we develop models of belief formation that show this logic and study the (52) _____ of this important psychological force in different fields.”Representativeness helps describe (53) _____and behavior in different fields, not only in financial markets. One such field is the formation of stereotypes about social groups. In a recent experimental paper, Gennaioli and colleagues show that representativeness can explain self-confidence, and in particular the (54) _____of women to compete in traditionally male subjects, such as mathematics. A slight prevalence of (55) _____male math ability in the data is enough to make math ability un-representative for women, driving their under confidence in this particular subject.41. A. Consequently B. Furthermore C. Nevertheless D. Meanwhile42. A. curious B. controversial C. concerned D. optimistic43. A. In brief B. By contrast C. In addition D. Without doubt44. A. engagement B. concentration C. puzzle D. definition45. A. memorize B. prioritize C. modernize D. fertilize46. A. representative B. argumentative C. executive D. sensitive47. A. harsh B. adaptable C. crucial D. rare48. A. cheers B. disappoints C. stabilizes D. improves49. A. account for B. count on C. suffer from D. hold up50. A. pouring B. admitting C. integrating D. tempting51. A. pretend B. afford C. offer D. tend52. A. effects B. delights C. intervals D. codes53. A. companions B. scales C. expectations D. findings54. A. necessity B. involvement C. perseverance D. reluctance55. A. equivalent B. exceptional C. mysterious D. distressingSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B,C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)Montessori was born in Italy in 1870 with progressive parents, who frequently communicated with the country's leading thinkers and scholars. This enlightened family environment provided Montessori with many advantages over other young girls of the time.Her mother's support was vital for some important decisions, such as her enrolment in a technical school after her elementary education. Her parents' support also proved to be essential for her decision to study medicine, a field that was dominated by men.Soon after graduating, in 1896, Montessori began work as a voluntary assistant in a clinic at the University of Rome, where she cared for children with learning difficulties. The rooms were bare, with just a few pieces of furniture. One day, she found that the children were enthusiastically playing with breadcrumbs(面包屑) that had dropped on the floor. It then occurred to her that the origin of some intellectual disabilities could be related with poverty. With the right learning materials, these and other young minds could be nurtured, Montessori concluded.The observation would lead Montessori to develop a new method of education that focused on providing optimal stimulation during the sensitive periods of childhood.At its centre was the principle that all the learning materials should be child-sized and designed to appeal to all the senses. In addition, each child should also be allowed to move and act freely, and use their creativity and problem- solving skills. Teachers took the role of guides, supporting the children without press or control.Montessori opened her first Children's House in 1907. When the Fascists(法西斯主义者)first came into power in Italy in 1922, they initially embraced her movement. But they soon came to oppose the emphasis on the children's freedom of expression. Montessori's values had always been about human respect, and the rights of children and women, but the Fascists wanted to use her work and her fame.Things reached a breaking point when the Fascist tried to influence the schools' educational content, and in 1934 Montessori and her son decided to leave Italy. She didn't return to her homeland until 1947, and she continued to write about and develop her method until her death in1952, at the age of 81.56. The primary reason for Montessori to develop a new educational method was ______.A. her family's supportive influence on her educationB. her experience as a voluntary assistant in a clinicC. her observation of children playing with breadcrumbs happilyD. her decision to study medicine, a field dominated by men57. What was a central principle of Montessori’s educational method as described in the passage?A. Providing standardized, one-size-fits-all learning materials.B. Encouraging strict discipline and control over children's actions.C. Focusing on rote memorization and competition.D. Creating a free and children-centered learning environment.58. Montessori decided to leave Italy in 1934 because ______.A. she wanted to explore other countries and culturesB. she wanted to avoid the Fascist's influence on her workC. she was offered a better job in a different countryD. she wanted to retire and enjoy a peaceful life in another country59. Which of the following words can best describe Montessori in this passage?A. Observant and innovative.B. Traditional and emotional.C. Progressive and dependent.D. Open-minded and indifferent.(B)Reducing the workweek to four days could have a climate benefit. In addition to improving the well-being of workers, cutting working hours may reduce carbon emissions. But those benefits would depend on a number of factors, experts emphasize, including how people choose to spend nonworking time.Commuting and travelTransportation is the biggest contributor to greenhouse emissions. A November 2021 survey of 2,000 employees and 500 business leaders in the United Kingdom found that if all organizations introduced a four-day week, the reduced trips to work would decrease travel overall by more than 691 million miles a week.But the climate benefits of less commuting could be eliminated, experts said, if people choose to spend their extra time off traveling, particularly if they do so by car or plane.Energy usageShorter working hours could lead to reductions in energy usage, experts said. According to a 2006 paper, if the United States adopted European work standards, the country would consume about 20 percent less energy.Energy could also be conserved if fewer resources are needed to heat and cool large office buildings, reducing demands on electricity. For example, if an entire workplace shuts down on the fifth day, that would help lower consumption—less so if the office stays open to accommodate employees taking different days off.Lifestyle changesIt's possible that fewer working hours may lead some people to have a larger carbon footprint, but experts say research suggests that most people are likely to shift toward more sustainable lifestyles.One theory is that people who work more and have less free time tend to do things in more carbon-intensive ways, such as choosing faster modes of transportation or buying prepared foods. Convenience is often carbon- intensive and people tend to choose convenience when they're time-stressed. Meanwhile, some research suggests that those who work less are more likely to engage in traditionally low-carbon activities, such as spending time with family or sleeping.“When we talk about the four-day workweek and the environment, we focus on the tangible, but actually, in away, the biggest potential benefit here is in the intangible,” experts said.60. What is identified as the leading cause of greenhouse emissions according to the passage?A. The well-being of employees.B. The conservation of energy.C. Commuting and travel.D. The European work standard.61. What can be inferred from the underline d sentence “the biggest potential benefit here is in the intangible” in the last paragraph?A. People will have big potential in achieving intangible benefits while working.B. People are more likely to engage in carbon-intensive activities due to time constraints.C. People may shift toward more sustainable lifestyles and lower carbon footprints.D. People may travel more frequently by car or plane during their extra time off.62. The passage is mainly written to .A. highlight the importance of shortening working time in the context of well-beingB. provide an overview of transportation emissions worldwideC. analyze the impact of reduced working hours on mode of businessD. illustrate factors affecting the climate benefits of a shorter workweek(C)The cultivation of plants by ants is more widespread than previously realized, and has evolved on at least 15 separate occasions.There are more than 200 species of an t in the Americas that farm fungi(真菌) for food, but this trait evolved just once sometime between 45 million and 65 million years ago. Biologists regard the cultivation of fungi by ants as true agriculture appearing earlier than human agriculture because it meets four criteria: the ants plant the fungus, care for it, harvest it and depend on it for food.By contrast, while thousands of ant species are known to have a wide variety of interdependent relationships with plants, none were regarded as true agriculture. But in 2016, Guillaume Chomicki and Susanne Renner at the University of Munich, Germany, discovered that an ant in Fungi cultivates several plants in a way that meets the four criteria for true agriculture.The ants collect the seeds of the plants and place them in cracks in the bar k of trees. As the plants grow, they form hollow structures called domain that the ants nest in. The ants defecate(排便) at designated absorptive places in these domain, providing nutrients for the plant. In return, as well as shelter, the plant provides food in the form of fruit juice.This discovery prompted Chomicki and others to review the literature on ant-plant relationships to see if there are other examples of plant cultivation that have been overlooked. “They have never really been looked at in the framework of agriculture,” says Chomicki, who is now at the University of Sheffield in the UK. “It's definitely widespread.”The team identified 37 examples of tree-living ants that cultivate plants that grow on trees, known asepiphytes(附生植物). By looking at the family trees of the ant species, the team was able to determine on how many occasions plant cultivation evolved and roughly when. Fifteen is a conservative estimate, says Campbell. All the systems evolved relatively recently, around 1million to 3 million years ago, she says.Whether the 37 examples of plant cultivation identified by the team count as true agriculture depends on the definitions used. Not all of the species get food from the plants, but they do rely on them for shelter, which is crucial for ants living in trees, says Campbell. So the team thinks the definition of true agriculture should include shelter as well as food.63. According to biologists, why is ant-fungus cultivation considered as a form of true agriculture?A. Because it occurred earlier than human agriculture.B. Because it fulfills the standards typical of agricultural practices.C. Because it redefines the four criteria for true human agriculture.D. Because it is less common than previously thought.64. What motivated Chomicki and others to review the literature on ant-plant relationships?A. They determined on new family trees of the ant species.B. They overlooked some tree-living ants that provided nutrients for the plants.C. They never studied the ant-plant relationships within the context of agriculture.D. They never identified any an t species that engaged in cultivation of fungi.65. Which of the following statements is supported by the team's findings according to the passage?A. Ants’ cultivation of plants is limited to a few specific species.B. The cultivation of fungi by ants is considered the earliest form of agriculture.C. True agriculture in ants involves only food-related interactions with plants.D. Ants have independently cultivated plants on at least 15 distinct occasions.66. What is the passage mainly about?A. The evolution of ants in the plant kingdom.B. The widespread occurrence of ant-plant cultivation.C. The discovery of a new ant species engaging in agriculture.D. The contrast between ant agriculture and human agriculture.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.did have one, would you want to meet them?Consider how often your facial features are used to identify you. Your passport, ID card and driving license all feature your face. (67) ______You may need your face to unlock your smartphone and possibly even need it to exclude you from being present at a crime scene.The word ‘doppelgänger’ refers to a person who looks the same as you, essentially sharing your features; those that you thought were unique to you and your identity. Not identical twins, as a doppelgänger has no relation to you. The idea originated in German folklore. (68) ______So, let's get real. What are the chances of you having one in the first place? There's said to be a one in 135 chance of an exact match for you existing anywhere in the world, so the chances are pretty low, despite folk wisdom promising you otherwise. And the chances of meeting? The mathematical certainty of finding this particular person is supposedly less than one in a trillion.That said, these statistics may be a good thing. Historically, having a double wasn't always a positive. Back in 1999, an innocent American man, indistinguishable from the real criminal, was sent to prison for robbery, where he stayed for 19 years. (69) ______. In a different case, a woman in New York was accused of trying to poison her doppelgänger with deadly cheesecake so that she could steal her identity!(70) ______The fascination with doppelgängers may be rooted in historical beliefs that facial resemblance meant they were from the same family or had a common ancestor. It leads to the hope that one day you will meet your lookalike, creating the thrill of a potentially strange meeting. However, as these encounters can be both interesting and disturbing, we understand that after such an experience, you might not want to meet your doppelgänger again.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Competitive CheerleadingOver the years, cheerleading has taken two primary forms: game-time cheerleading and competitive cheerleading. Game-time cheerleaders' main goal is to entertain the crowd and lead them with team cheers, which should not be considered a sport. However, competitive cheerleading is more than a form of entertainment. It is really a competitive sport.Competitive cheerleading includes lots of physical activity. The majority of the teams require a certain level of tumbling (翻腾运动) ability. It's a very common thing for gymnasts, so it's easy for them to go into competitive cheerleading. Usually these cheerleaders integrate lots of their gymnastics experience including their jumps, tumbling, and overall energy. They also perform lifts and throws.Competitive cheerleading is also an activity that is governed by rules under which a winner can be declared. It is awarded points for technique, creativity and sharpness. Usually the more difficult the action is, the better the score is. That's why cheerleaders are trying to experience great difficulty in their performance. Besides, there is also a strict rule of time. The whole performance has to be completed in less than three minutes and fifteen seconds,。

2021-2021年上海各区县一模二模考完形填空题型汇总2021-2021学年一模2021学年上海市静安区高三第一学期高考英语模拟试题2021.1 III. Reading Comprehension Section A:Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four wordsor phrases marked A,B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.In every cultivated language there are two great classes of words which, taken together, comprise the whole vocabulary. First, there are those wordswith which we become acquainted in dailyconversation, which we __50__, that is to say, from the members of our own family and from our familiar associates, and which we should know and use__51__ we could not read or write. They __52__ the common things of life, and are the stock in trade (惯用手法) of all who __53__the language. Such wordsmay be called �Dpopular‖, since they belong to the people __54__ and are not the exclusive __55__ of a limited class.On the other hand, our language __56__ a multitude of words which are comparatively __57__ used in ordinary conversation. Their meanings are knownto every educated person, but there is little __58__ to use them at home orin the market-place. Our first acquaintance with them comes not from ourmother‘s __59__ or from our school-mates, __60__ from the book that we read, lectures that we hear, or the more formal conversation of __61__ educated speakers who are discussing some __62__ topic in a style appropriatelyelevated above the habitual __63__ of everyday life. Such words are called �D learned‖, and the __64__ between them and �Dpopular‖ words is of great importance to a right understanding of linguistic (语言学的) process. 50. A. formB. imitate B. despite B. concern B. apply B. at most B. privilege B. much B. way B. mouth B. andB. deeply B. degreeC. stimulate C. even if C. useC. practise C. at large C. share C. decidesD. learn D. unless D. worry D. speak D. at best D. possession D. involves D. irregularly D. occasion D. words D. but D. formally D. famous D. scale D. similarity51. A. in spite of 52. A. make 53. A. say 55. A. right54. A. in public 56. A. includes 57. A. seldom 58. A. prospect 59. A. tongue 60. A. besides 61. A. greatly 62. A. rare 63. A. level宝山区2021-2021学年度第一学期高三期末教学质量诊断2021.1 III. Reading Comprehension Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.B. considersC. frequently C. necessity C. lips C. orC. highly C. strange C. extent C. contrastB. particular B. distinction64. A. comparisonGood nutrition and a balanced diet will help your child grow up healthy. Whether your kid is a toddler (学步的孩子) or a teen, you can take steps to improve nutrition and encourage smart ___50___ habits. There are several ways, one of which is to have ___51___family meals.Family meals are a comforting occasion for both ___52___ and kids. Kids who take part in regular family meals are also ___53___ likely to eat fruits, vegetables and grains, and less likely to snack on ___54___foods, smoke or drink alcohol.___55___, family meals offer the chance to introduce your child to new foods and ___56___which foods your child likes and which ones he or shedoesn‘t.Teens may ___57___ their noses at family meals － not ___58___ because they‘re trying to become independent. Yet studies find that teens still want their parents‘ advice, so use the mealtime as a ___59___ to reconnect. Also, consider trying these ways:? ? ?Allow your teen to invite a friend to dinner.Involve your teen in meal ___60___ and preparation.Keep your mealtime calm and pleasant － no lectures or ___61___.What‘s important as a family meal? Any time your family eat together ― whether it‘s takeout food or a home-cooked meal. Try to ___62___ for nutritious food and a time when everyone can be there. This may mean eating dinner a little ___63___ to wait for a child who‘s at sports practice. It can also mean setting aside time on the ___64___, such as Sunday brunch (早午餐), when it may be more convenient to gather as a group. 50. A. learning 51. A. common 52. A. friends 53. A. still54. A. cheap 56. A. find out 57. A. turn up 59. A. meeting 60. A. planning 61. A. drinking 62. A. order 63. A. earlier 64. A. holidays上海市嘉定区高三08-09学年第一学期期末调研2021.1 Reading Comprehension Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Most children with healthy appetites are ready to eat almost anything that is offered to them. A child rarely dislikes food 50 it is badly cooked. The 51 a meat is cooked and served is most important and 52 served meal will often improve a child‘s appetite.B. eating B. usual B. notC. sleeping C. regular C. moreD. behaving D. normal D. lessB. classmates B. dearC. relatives C. variousD. parents D. unhealthyD. Generally speakingD. make up D. do up D. challengingD. task D. eating D. delaying55. A. As a result B. In additionB. bring in B. put downB. game B. burning B. arguingC. In realityC. pick out C. clear up C. surprisingC. chance58. A. outstanding B. interestingC. improving C. smokingB. buy B. laterC. share C. slowerD. strive D. fasterD. weekdaysB. occasionsC. weekendsNever ask a child 53 he likes or dislikes a food and never 54 likes and dislikes in front of him or allow 55 else to do so. If the father says he hates fat meat or the mother refuses vegetables in the child‘s hearing, he is 56 to copy their words. Take it for granted that he likes everything and he probably 57 . Nothing healthful should be left out from the meal because of a 58 dislike. At meal times it is a good idea to give a child a small 59 and let him come back for a second helping rather than give him as 60 as he is likely to eat at all at once. Do not talk much to the child 61 meal times, but let him get on with his food, and do not 62 him to leave the table immediately after a meal, or he will soon learn to swallow his food 63 he can hurry back to his toys. On 64 condition must a child be coaxed（哄骗）or forced to eat. 50．A．if 51．A．mean 52．A．anxiously 53．A．whether 54．A．remark 55．A．everybody 56．A．willing 57．A．should 58．A．supposed 59．A．breakfast 60．A．much 61．A．on 62．A．agree 63．A．so 64．A．some南汇区2021学年度高三第一学期期末考试2021.1 Ⅲ．Reading Comprehension Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four wordsor phrases marked A, B, C, D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Impatient drivers, pushy(爱出风头的)people on the subway, kids shoutinginto thei r mobile phones…we see these 50 incidents almost every day. Thisis why Canadian filmmaker John Curtin‘s new documentary, To Hell With Manners! The Decline of Civility, couldn‘t be more timely.He puts these 51 behaviors under a microscope in a/an 52 to explainwhy we 53 to have Curtin travels to New York and London to record rude and sometimes not-so-rude 54 . �DI‘m not become so much ruder in recent years.55 saying that everyone is impolite. I would say we are becoming lesskind to ea ch other simply because we‘re not 56 attention to one another,‖ he said.Curtin attributes(归因)people‘s 57 largely to the modern technology we have: iPods and Montreal Gazette columnist(专栏作家)Josh Freed, who talks inthe film, 58 with Curtin. �DWe‘ve cellphones like that.become less human 59 these technological advances and by the fact that, so often, we‘re now 60 by strangers,‖ Freed said.B．until B．process B．attractively B．what B．tell B．anybody B．possible B．may B．proved B．lunch B．little B．over B．allow B．until B．anyC．that C．way C．urgently C．that C．discuss C．somebody C．forcedC．will C．considered C．supper C．few C．by C．force C．in case C．suchD．unless D．method D．eagerly D．which D．argue D．nobody D．likely D．must D．related D．share D．many D．during D．persuade D．although D．noCurtin wanted at all costs to make sure his film was not full of older people talking about how �DWe just live in a very rushed, stressed-out(压力大的) 63 and it‘s very easy to feel you‘re underB．unpleasant B．pushy B．experiment B．happen B．thoughts B．exactly B．taking B．politeness B．agrees B．in spite of B．attacked B．city B．Therefore B．television B．wayC．impatient C．impolite C．research C．seem C．measures C．actually C．setting C．kindness C．communicates C．with regards to C．surrounded C．well-educated C．Other C．group C．discussionD．incredible D．good D．test D．come D．behaviors D．naturally D．letting D．enthusiasm D．connects D．on behalf of D．challenged D．young D．Rather D．society D．influenceimpolite 61 people have become. 62 ,he shows the reason. 64 andyou‘ve got to take care of yourself.‖ Curtin said. 50．A．enjoyable 51．A．important 52．A．attempt 53．A．tend 54．A．reasons 55．A．purposefully 56．A．paying 57．A．indifference 58．A．cooperates 59．A．as a result of 60．A．fascinated 61．A．senior 62．A．Moreover 63．A．film 64．A．pressure上海普陀区2021学年度高三第一学期质量调研测试2021.1 III．Reading ComprehensionSection A （15分）Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C Farmers, as we all know, have been having a hard time of it lately, and have turned to new ways ofand D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.earning income from their land. This involves not only planting new kinds of crops, but some___50___ways of making money, the most unusual of which has got to be sheep 51 . Yes, you heard me___52___! A farmer now holds sheep races on a regular basis, and during the past year over 100,000 peoplehave___53___to watch the race. \holiday,\赛马经纪人) told me, \tell you the truth. \ 54 visitor, betting on sheep is more interesting than betting on 55 .\are clear favourites. ___57___nobody has heard anything about these___58___! Most people find it 59 to tell one from another in any case.\quite___60___. In a usual sheep race, half a dozen sheep race down hill over a course of about half a mile. 61 is waiting for them at the other end ofthe___62___just to give them some encouragement, I ought to add! The sheep run surprisingly fast, ___63___they have probably not eaten for a while. Anyway, the crowd around me were obviously enjoying their day out at the races,___64___by their happy faces and the sense of excitement. 50．A．common 51．A．racing 52．A．honestly 53．A．showed offB．strange B．hunting B．surprisingly B．brought upC．swift C．raising C．completely C．turned upD．illegal D．eating D．correctly D．looked forward54．A．regular 55．A．farms 56．A．behind time 57．A．But 58．A．horses 59．A．easy 60．A．exciting 61．A．Visitors 62．A．race 63．A．if 64．A．observingB．unexpected B．horses B．in progress B．Therefore B．sheep B．impossible B．dangerous B．Farmers B．hill B．so B．judgingC．professional C．stocks C．in advance C．Moreover C．races C．normal C．boring C．Food C．track C．yet C．consideringD．accustomed D．races D．in time D．Otherwise D．stories D．difficult D．peculiar D．Money D．field D．although D．inferring上海市崇明区2021届高三一模英语试题2021.1Ⅲ. ClozeDirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four wordsor phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrasethat best fits the context. A survey showed that people in Chicago are the most caffeinated(咖啡因的) in the United States. People in Chicago eat more chocolate and drink more cola than people in other US cities, and are amongthe top __50__ of energy drinks and coffee. They are also likely to saycaffeine is good for you, according to the survey __51__ by Prince Market Research. Tampa, Miami, Phoenix and Atlanta rounded out the top five most caffeinated cities, __52__ residents of San Francisco, Philadelphia, New York, Detroit and Baltimore consumed the __53__ caffeine. �DIt‘s surprisingperhaps that some __54__, which you may think have a busy life like San Francisco, Philadelphia and New York, were the least __55__ cities,‖ saidTodd Smith, a spokesman for Health Saver, a healthcare __56__ that carried out the survey. The survey __57__ the consumption of coffee, tea, chocolate, sodas, energy drinks and caffeine pills in twenty major cities in the United Statesby __58__ 2,000 people. Seattle took the top spot in just caffeinated coffee consumption. Nearly 60 per cent of residents in the city said coffee would be the most __59__ caffeine product to give up. The __60__ popularity of�Dhigh-end‖ coffees, energy drinks and green tea has __61__ more caffeine consumption around the world, according to Health Saver. Half of all thepeople __62__ in the survey said they drank coffee every day, followed by 21per cent who drank caffeinated cola. New Yorkers and San Franciscans were also among people most likely to say caffeine is bad for you. __63__ 70 per cent of people involved in the survey said they were addicted to caffeine. The olderthe age group, the more __64__ they were to say coffee would be the hardest caffeinated product to give up. 50. A. children B. singers C. individuals D. consumers 51. A. commented B. recommended C. conducted D. constructed 52.A. whetherB. whichC. whileD. when 53. A. largest B. best C. least D. most 54. A. efforts B. results C. ways D. places 55. A. contained B. composed C. caffeinated D. included 56. A. statement B. comment C. service D. combination 57. A. looked at B. referred to C. checked in D.put up 58. A. inviting B. recommending C. interviewing D. recognizing 59. A. convenient B. difficult C. responsible D. generous 60. A. growing B. reducing C. speeding D. decreasing 61. A. adapted to B. added to C.applied to D. adopted to 62. A. questioned B. answered C. visited D.played 63. A. More than B. Less than C. Rather than D. Other than 64. A. lively B. likely C. kindly D. lovely上海市杨浦区2021届高三第一学期学科测试2021.1感谢您的阅读，祝您生活愉快。

V. Translation72.他在整理书籍时发现了一本旧日记。

（run）73.过度使用手机会对我们的身体造成不良影响。

（impact）74.不可否认这种疾病的危害性已经引起了公众的广泛关注和高度重视。

（There）75.你希望同学怎么对待你，你就怎么对待他们。

无论相交深浅，都应尊重他们。

(Whatever )答案：72.他在整理书籍的时候发现了一本旧日记。

（run）He ran across an old dairy while sorting out the books.2 分 1 分73.过度使用手机会对我们的身体造成不良影响。

（impact）Overuse of mobile/cell phones can have /make a negative/bad impact on our health.1 分2 分74.不可否认这种疾病的危害性已经引起了人们的广泛关注。

（There）There is no denying that the harmfulness of this disease has aroused/brought widespread1 分 1 分2 分concern/ attention.75.你希望同学怎么对待你，你就怎么对待他们。

无论相交深浅，都应尊重他们。

（Whatever）Treat your classmates like you’d like/want to be treated/1 分2 分Treat your classmates as you want them to.1 分2 分Whatever your relationship/depth of the relationship is, treat them with respect/they should be1 分 1 分respected.V. Translation72.足不出户，你就可以在网上逛遍全球各大博物馆。

静安区 2021 学年第一学期教学质量检测高三年级英语试卷 2021. 12I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. The campus will be cleaned for the festival.B.The festival is to be definitely held.C.It’s difficult to decide the theme of the festival.D.It’s against the principle’s will to hold the festival.2. A. Try to find a show that doesn’t accept reservations.B.Wait to buy the ticket when someone cancels the reservation.C.Go with people who have extra tickets.D.Pay more money to buy the ticket from someone else.3. A. To the airport. B. To a painting shop.C. To the garage.D. To the hospital.4. A. The man is afraid that the coat color is not cool enough.B.The man hasn’t received the coat he bought the other day.C.The man has worn the coat during the previous season.D.It’s not suitable to wear the coat in the warm weather.5. A. Sort the notes out for Mr. Anderson.B.Borrow the notebook from Mr. Anderson.C.Wait for Mr. Anderson’s notes.D.Note down key points on the textbook.6. A. She is not likely to use the running machine often.B.The exercise bike is more useful than running machine.C.Her second choice is an exercise bike.D.There’s not enough space for the running machine.7. A. A book writer. B. A shop assistant. C. A librarian. D. A tour guide.8. A. David is the strongest in his class.B.The current class is not suitable for David.C.Some old sayings mislead.D.David will finally catch up in physics.9. A. The woman shouldn’t buy a private c omputer.B.The woman should get a good deal for the new computer.C.The library computer is rarely used.D.The man will lend his computer to the woman.10. A. She has become a professional chef.B.Her parents didn’t agree with her on becoming a chef.C.She doesn’t have interest in becoming a chef now.D.She threw things around when learning cooking.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11.A. It can only be washed in the dishwasher.B.It has some smell of coffee.C.It is made of a mixture of coffee grounds and sugar.D.It is first used to contain fertilizer.12.A. How to prevent sugar from dissolving.B.How to have the coffee grounds recycled fully.C.How to collect large quantities of coffee grounds.D.How to use coffee grounds to produce the solid material.13.A. It is successful because of advertisements.B.It is well-received by the public.C.It is oversupplied on the market.D.It’s more popular among individuals than cafes.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14.A. The city is not commercially busy.B.There are too many temporary residents.C.Few services are offered during off seasons.D.The winter is too cold for them.15. A. Spend a week in the destination.B.Find a “snowbird” destination.C.Remain in the city where he currently lives.D.Research the destination for roughly a full year.16. A. Safety of the destination.B.Tax system of the destination.C.Healthcare system of the destination.D.The support to get as one ages.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17.A. To see how fast the test taker can scan the book.B.To see how well the test taker finds and processes the information.C.To see how well the test taker can handle pressure.D.To see whether the test taker can find a particular statement to summarize a topic.18.A. To find the connection between different information.B.To evaluate the importance of the open book test.C.To adequately manage test time.D.To read the whole chapter for one question.19.A. To recite some key information.B.To design easy removable tags.C.To compare different ideas.D.To get the permission to make marks.20.A. People’s attitude toward geography tests.B.The features and preparations of open book tests.C.The differences between open book and closed book tests.D.The measures to handle pressures from tests.II.Grammar and Vocabulary Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Rereading is a guilty pleasure for many readers. How can a keen reader abandon his to-be- read list and waste time with a book he already knows? At the same time, according to many experts, the act of rereading (21) (regard), without doubt, as the only way to truly understand a text.Academics most often discuss the benefit of rereading as a way to gain deep understandings of complex texts and of the self. Teachers of early reading-age children agree that rereading improves understanding beyond basic words. For adults, rereading is necessary to understanding a text well so that good critical arguments (22) be made.Rereading helps to build a better understanding of a book. (23) rereading, many readers find it impossible to appreciate a writer’s subtle talents or to comprehend a text’s inner ideas and themes.Rereading is also an act of self-reflection. The practice of purposeful rereading in (24) creates a kind of self-consciousness. Since the book never changes, it functions as a constant(恒量) (25) can be used to measure the reader’s growth. It is a way to re-examine the reader himself and the changes he (26) (undergo) since the initial reading.Of course, there are possible drawbacks to rereading as well. Rereading takes time, (27) (draw) the readers away from their to-be-read list. And it’s hard to imagine (28) frustrating it can be if a beloved book falls short of your rosy memories in rereading.According to David Galef，emotions like pleasure, excitement, and curiosity cause the reader to rush through a story and pass over the inner complexity (29) (appreciate) in re-readings, and yet they are also important elements that may be dulled by those repeated readings. Furthermore, (30) your rereading is focused and intentional about gaining new thoughts, it may not result in improved understanding.K. steadyC. floatingD. decayingE. attempts H. signs I. samples J. relatively A. confusedB. adaptable F imitatedG. attached Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Though it is not unusual to find marine animals under the Antarctica seafloor, researchers had always assumedthat there would be few 31 of life farther away from open water and sunlight. However, the discovery of filter-feeding （滤食的） organisms — 160 miles away from the open ocean, with temperatures of −2.2°C and under complete darkness — suggests that life in the world's harshest environment may be more 32 than previously thought.In 2017, BAS geologist James Smith and his colleagues conducted a three-month expedition to the middle of Antarctica's Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf, to collect 33 of the seafloor deposits. The team drilled through the half-mile of ice by pumping almost 20,000 liters of hot water through a pipe. After about 20 hours of painstaking work, they were finally able to reach the seabed underneath.However, when the scientists lowered the instrument, along with a camera, to collect the soil, it came up empty. After multiple failed 34 — each round trip taking about an hour — the researchers took a closer look at the footage and noticed a massive stone sitting amid the 35 flat seabed. Even more surprisingly, the rock was covered with stationary animals, like sponges( 海绵) and potentially unknown species.The finding has 36 many scientists given that certain organisms, such as sponges and coral polyps （珊瑚虫）,which live their entire lives 37 to rocks, or other hard surfaces, need food supplies. In the open water, the "marine snow," as the food is called, comes from 38 organic matter, which drifts down from the upper waters to the deep ocean. However, the species in such depth are too far from the open sea to receive 39 supplies of nutrients. To make matters worse, due to the area's strong ocean currents, the food has to travel anywhere from 370 to 930 miles to get to them.“This is by far the furthest under an ice shelf that we’ve seen any of these filter -feeding animals,” said Smith. “These things are stuck on a rock and only get fed if something comes40 along.”III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Most of us have no difficulty recognizing luck when it’s on apparent display, as when someone wins the lottery. But 41 often plays out in delicate ways and it’s easy to construct narratives that portray success as out of everything but luck. These misleading stories have surprising implications for human mindset, downplaying the power of chances.Consider the history of the Mona Lisa. After having stayed in the 42 for most of its early existence, the painting was pushed into the spotlight in 1911 when it was stolen from Louvre. The famous theft remained 43 for two years until a maintenance worker was arrested after trying to sell the painting. His arrest caused a second wave of 44 , with the painting on everyone’s lips. As in the art world, it is so too in the world of work. Almost every career path consists of a sequence of steps, each of which depends on former ones. Inevitably, some of those 45 steps can be influenced by chance factors, which, as a result, are sure to affect the following process. So it is reasonable to conclude that 46 all successful careers involve at least a certain degree of luck.One’s date of birth 47 , for example. According to a study, most children born in the summer tend to be among the youngest members of their class, which explains why they are less likely to hold 48 positions during high school and thus, less likely to land good jobs later in life.To acknowledge the power of chance events is not to suggest that success is independent of 49 . Charlie Munger has said, “The safest way to get what you want is to 50 what you want.”Of course, luck counts too. Being born in a good education system is a kind of luck we can control — that is, at least we can decide how lucky our children will be. But in America, we’ve been doing a bad job as the budget for education has 51 . The human tendency to 52 luck’s role has caused this troubling state by unwillingness to invest in education, the strong system of which can produce 53 for the next generation.Luckily, there is a solution. Guiding people to 54 their good fortune tends to make them more willing to contribute to the 55 , according to a study. So try to engage your successful friends in reviews about their experiences with luck. In the process, the next generation’s odds of success may well increase and meanwhile, all the social members are more likely to enjoy the improved public service.41. A randomness B. potential C. masterpiece D. success42. A. emergency B. maintenance C. review D. shade43. A. accidental B. unsolved C. official D. objective44. A, protest B. suspicion C. publicity D. investigation45. A. previous B. negative C. realistic D. entire46. A. virtually B. sustainably C. adequately D. negatively47. A. occurs B. contracts C. matters D. approaches48. A. accessible B. original C. superior D. secure49. A. effort B. logic C. relationship D. investment50. A. deserve B. evaluate C. modify D. exploit51.A. shone B. shrunk C. ballooned D. flown52. A. preserve B. popularize C. underestimate D. revolutionize53. A. challenge B. luck C. motivation D. experience54. A. reflect on B. save on C. adjust to D. live on55. A. mutual understanding B. mental fitness C. family value D. common goodSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)A line of men tugged on ropes and dropped from the ship into the sea, with a group of Saibs prepared to pull them later from the sea bottom. Nasser, one of the divers, climbed over the railing of the ship and his Saib emptied his basket full of shells onto the deck.“Get me something to fill my stomach with, boy.” I knew he was teasing as he is my father’s good friend.“But I’m no longer an errand boy. I’m a diver, like my father was.” “Your father wasbald and deaf, like the rest of us,” Nasser laughed.The salty Arabian Gulf produced the finest pearls in the world while the salty water also made divers lose their hair. Let alone the high pressure which cost them their hearing. I had shaved my head, in which way I felt more like a real diver. Of course, there’s no need for me to worry about the hair problem.“I’ve dived the shallow seas before, and I can hold my breath for a whole minute.”“Just pull your rope before you feel breathless.” He then disappeared into the water again.I tied a heavy stone to my foot with a rope. Taking one more deep breath, I plugged my nose and jumped. With the stone finally hitting the seabed with a thump, I freed my foot from the rope. I scratched at the rocky ridge( 脊), when three oysters dropped into my hands. I even didn’t have enough time to feel surprised at how easy the job was before I felt breathless.Out of horror, I dragged the rope. Knowing that, far above, the Saib’s strong arms strained to pull me toward the surface, I reminded myself to endure for a little more time. Just when I thought my lungs would burst, my ears popped and there was light.Nasser burst through the water. He removed his nose plug and grinned at me looking at the three pitiful shells on the deck. “Not bad for an errand boy.” Seeing me upset with my head down, he patted me “It’s your first for such a depth. You did better than all of us.” Cheering up, I wrapped the empty basket around my neck and raised my chin, “I’m a pearl diver.”56.According to Nasser, what did an errand boy usually do?A.Pull divers from the sea.B.Empty baskets for divers.C. Serve snacks for divers.D. Dive for shells.57.Why did the author have his hair cut?A.Because he tried to avoid losing hair.B.Because all divers had shaved hair.C.Because high pressure made him bald.D.Because he wanted to look professional.58.Why did the author get little harvest?A.Because there were not many pearls in the area.B.Because he still lacked experience in the job.C.Because the Saib pulled him up too early without permission.D.Because the rocky ridge was too rough.(B)These summer festivals in New Orleans are few of the hottest happenings the City has to offer for holiday seekers.Oyster(牡蛎) FestivalThere’s an old saying that it’s only safe to eat oysters in months ending in 'R', which was good advice in the age before refrigeration became a fashion. And that’s exactly why originally the New Orleans Oyster Festival was held in June, to break up the myth as locals never bothered to preserve the creatures with their habit of directly eating the seafood, fresh from the sea. Today, featuring oysters harvested from the Gulf of Mexico, Oyster Fest is a celebration of the world’s favorite food. If you’ve ever wanted to enjoy the legendary oysters at Drago’s where the recipe originated or take a bite out of an oyster the size of a hamburger, Oyster Fest is for you.When to Go: June 3-4 Essence FestivalNew Orleans holds a special place in African-American life and history, so it should be no surprise the city hosts a festival celebrating African-American music and culture in the United States. With free admission, Essence Festival, organized by the African-American women’s magazine of the same name, is a combination of four days of dynamic speeches and a showcase of African- American artists.When to Go: June 29-July 2, Cajun-Zydeco FestivalSouthern Louisiana is home to a variety of rich, unique cultures, and on a weekend in June in New Orleans, one of them—Cajun—is on full display. The heart of Cajun country is in south-central Louisiana, a strong showcase of Cajun culture, for which the Cajun-Zydeco Festival emerged. On the particular weekend, you get ready to chew down on traditional food like Cajun gumbo at eateries, buy Cajun crafts, and purchase a Cajun T-shirt.When to Go: June 24-25 Running of the BullsDue to its history, the Spanish influence still shows itself in New Orleans. The architectural style of the French Quarter is actually from Spain, and New Orleans’s annual Running of the Bulls is, in part, a nod to the city’s Spanish heritage. Unlike the Spanish festival in Pamplona, the “bulls” in the Fest are not actual bulls but the women of the Big Roller derby team. However they do chase down white-and-red-clothed festival-goers, if infuriated. Therefore behave yourself or be prepared to run for life.When to Go: July 7-9,59.Why was New Orleans Oyster Festival held in June in the first place?A.Because refrigerator could be used to store oysters.B.Because it was not easy for oysters to go bad in summer.C.Because oysters could be cooked in various ways to extend storage period.D.Because New Orleans oysters were usually served raw.60.The underlined word “infuriated” is closest in meaning to .A. exhibitedB. color-blindedC. angeredD. cheated61.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A.Oyster Festival nowadays is designed for people seeking the history of oyster harvest.B.Essence Festival celebrates the freedom of African-American women.C.Cajun-Zydeco Festival is mainly celebrated through dining and shopping.D.New Orleans has been stripped of Spanish influence.62.In which magazine does the passage most probably appear?A. Vacation Guide.B. Genuine Recipe.C. Architecture Vision.D. Music Billboard.(C)You may be familiar with the statistic that 90% of the world’s data were created in the last few years. The biggest setback with such a rate of information increase is that the present moment will always emerge far larger than the past. Short-sightedness is built into the structure, in the form of an overwhelming tendency to over-estimate near-term messages at the expense of history.To und erstand why this matters, consider the findings from social science about ‘recency bias(倾向)’, which describes the tendency to assume that future events will closely resemble recent experience. People tend to base thinking disproportionately on whatever comes most easily to mind.It’s also worth remembering that novelty tends to be a dominant consideration when deciding what data to keep or delete. Out with the old and in with the new. That’s the digital trend in a world where search algorithms( 算法) are systematically biased towards freshness. They are designed in line with human preference. Such a bias towards the present is structurally rooted in the human weakness that we keep deserting things we once cherished simply because we grow tired of them.What’s really needed is something thought of as “intelligent forgetting”: learning to let go of the immediate past in order to keep its larger continuities in view. It’s an act similar to organising aphotograph album –although with more maths. When are two million photographs less valuable than two thousand?Many data sets are irreducible and most precious when complete: gene sequences; demographic( 人口的 ) data; the raw, hard knowledge of geography and physics. The softer the science, however, the more likely that scale is reversely connected with quality. In these cases, time itself is rather important as a touch stone to judge the value of data. Either we choose carefully what endures, matters and meaningfully captures our past – or its foot print is silently replaced by the present’s growing noise. Mere gathering is no cure-all answer. In an era of bigger and bigger data, the leading warning for those who have to make decisions is that what you choose not to know matters just as much as what you do.63.What is the major problem with the explosion of recent information?A.Trends are too quickly produced.B.People have poor eyesight after viewing too much information.C.Present information is given too much emphasis.D.Prediction for future developments largely depends on the past information.64, What causes widespread preference for newness?A.That algorithms require the latest information to make accurate prediction.B.That humans are accustomed to losing interest in old things.C.That short renewed period is the feature of modern data.D.That search algorithms keep uncovering the value of the newness.65.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A.Recent experience is rarely used to provide reference for future events.B.The quality of geographic knowledge depends on photo sorting rather than full data.C.Intelligent forgetting refers to replacing the immediate past with far-back data.D.Time helps us to evaluate data when the quality isn’t in line with quantity.66.What is the passage mainly about?A.The side effects of digital innovation.B.The values of complete data in softer subjects.C.The data discrimination caused by algorithms.D.The faulty preference for fresh data and ways out.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.And one could come up with any number of theories for why the current tea making and drinkinghabits are inevitable.B.Though regarded as a form of simple act, tea making can vary widely between cultures.C.The tea is, above all, credited with the ability to represent different individual personalities.D.Food choices are driven by one’s environment – the context.E.Tea making is the perfect replacement activity.F.Even one spoonful is a bit suspicious unless other details clearly show otherwise.Tea has become rooted in the British way of life, from the humble tea break to the afternoon tea to be enjoyed–in a jacket and tie, of course. 67 Boiling water to make tea, for instance, makes it less likely to give you a stomach bug.But what are the secrets or even cruel realities behind the taste of this beloved beverage? Anthropologist Kate Fox writes in her book Watching the English that there are several clear messages sent whenever a Brit makes a cup.She observes that the strongest brews of black tea – with the largest doses of flavour factors – are typically drunk by the working class. The flavour gets progressively weaker as one goes up the social ladder.Milk and sweetener have their own codes. According to her, taking sugar in your tea in Britain is regarded by many as a definite lower-class indicator. 68 Other implications involve when and how milk is added, if any. Making a point of drinking smoky Lapsang Souchong(正山小种红茶) with no sugar or milk can be a sign of class anxiety in the middle class, Fox suggests. It’s as far as possible as one can get from sweet, strong, milky cups of the no- nonsense ‘builder’s tea’.A food scientist pointed out something that seems to apply here. 69 You like what you like not necessarily because of the taste of it, though obviously one can develop a taste for almost anything. A food or drink’s real importance in your life may be because of everything that surrounds it – the culture of it.Fox also observes that, alongside its chemical properties, tea is a social space-filler. Manymeaningless moments can be occupied by tea and its related events. 70 Whenever the English feel awkward or uncomfortable in a social situation, they cook tea.IV.Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no morethan 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.You still need a better reason to plant a tree?Police aren’t cheap and neither are lawyers, judges, and all the other layers that make up the justice system. But trees and some grass, in comparison, are a real bargain, and they prove to be effective in fighting crimes.Many cities used to launch programs to plant vegetation along roadways to help absorb rainwater. After tracking 14 types of crime in nearby areas, Michelle Kondo, a social scientist found that a variety of crimes including property crimes such as theft and burglary, and violent crimes such as armed fights and mayhem in those areas decreased to 27 percent, a stunning 18 percent fall. Kondo believed the appearance of city trucks and vans in the landscaped areas — for planting and maintenance — was enough to scare away potential criminals.Kondo's study also worked on the link between grassland care and decrease of the crime in downtown areas. It's tempting to use income as the connection. After all, if you have the time and money to water your lawn, you probably live in a neighborhood that sees less crime. But actually, people are less likely to hang in those areas where the streets are maintained or cleaned. “You will see l ess kids hanging on the corners,” Kondo said. He argued that caution of the local people implied by the organized greenery helped to frighten away ill-intentioned guys, by announcing to would-be criminals that there are "eyes on the street" that care for their neighborhood and would be more likely to report a crime.We already know greenery is beautiful to look at and can help improve mood and health while reducing pollution. Now we can add crime-fighting to the list of vegetation's many benefits. Therefore, are you ready to plant a tree?第II 卷（共40 分）V.TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.为防止病人走错，墙上贴了箭头。

2021年上海市静安区中考一模英语试卷一、选择题1.（2021·上海静安区·模拟）Which of the following words is pronounced as /a:mi/?A．arm B．army C．aim D．enemy2.（2021·上海静安区·模拟）Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation fromothers?A．memory B．recent C．enemy D．reference3.（2021·模拟）I cant go to _____ sleep without doing a few minutes' reading?A．a B．an C．the D．/4.（2021·上海静安区·模拟）Diet and exercise are the key _____ good health.A．of B．at C．to D．for5.（2021·上海静安区·模拟）We must respect _____ national customs.A．they B．their C．theirs D．themselves6.（2021·上海静安区·模拟）I was very angry _____ myself for making such a stupid mistake.A．for B．to C．with D．by7.（2021·上海静安区·模拟）Although Samuel failed in the tests many times, he decided to have _____ try.A．another B．other C．the other D．others8.（2021·上海静安区·模拟）Don't be afraid to ask for some _____ about ordering the meal.A．suggestion B．method C．opinion D．advice9.（2021·上海静安区·模拟）_____ amazing place the Great Wall was when I first saw it in the distance!A．What B．What a C．What an D．How10.（2021·上海静安区·模拟）By keeping a diary, you can improve your writing skills much _____.A．quick B．quicker C．more quickly D．most quickly11.（2021·上海静安区·模拟）Keep a dream in your heart, _____ you'll achieve what you want.A．and B．but C．or D．so12.（2021·上海静安区·模拟）You will really never know what happiness is _____ you have something tocompare it to.A．if B．unless C．although D．because13.（2021·上海静安区·模拟）Dangerous pets _____ be kept in cages so that it won't do harm to others.A．can B．may C．must D．need14.（2021·上海静安区·模拟）—_____ is the Mount Qomolangma now?—It is 8848.86 meters.A．How long B．How far C．How tall D．How big15.（2021·上海静安区·模拟）They hope the new project _____ the cultural cooperation in the near future.A．furthers B．furthered C．has furthered D．will further16.（2021·上海静安区·模拟）Our work _____ with winning the second prize in a national short filmcompetition.A．rewards B．rewarded C．is rewarded D．was rewarded17.（2021·上海静安区·模拟）When we're under a lot of stress, we need something that enables us _____relaxed.A．feel B．to feel C．to feeling D．feelling18.（2021·上海静安区·模拟）In order to memorize the new words, you'd better practise _____ them againand again.A．use B．to use C．to using D．using19.（2021·上海静安区·模拟）—Jenny, You look busy. Anything I can do to help?—_____, I can manage.A．Yes, please B．No, thanksC．You're welcome D．With pleasure20.（2021·上海静安区·模拟）—I want to complain about the book shelf.—_____A．Is that all right?B．What's the trouble?C．Never mind.D．Don't say that.二、填空题21.Internet use became popular in the 1990s. As it , it changed die way we get information. It alsochanged the way we communicate. Now, some scientists believe that the use of the Internet may be changing our brains. We might learn and interact differently.Why do some scientists believe this? Many people spend hours on the Internet each day. They spend less time doing things that may different parts of their brains. As a result, people lose their social skills. Without using these skills, parts of the brain may become . This could lead to social awkwardness. It might also cause people to spend too much time alone. Some scientists say the is strongest in so-called "digital natives". These are people in their teens and 20s who have grown up with the Internet.No one is sure about how a person's affect the brain. Some scientists suggest that Internet use is good for the brain. Mizuko Ito says that by hanging out online with friends, teens leam important skills. For example, teens become what is OK to post on the Internet. What do teens think of all of this? A 19-year-okl boy John Rowe believes that the effect of the Internet depends entirely on the person. Rowe is a "digital native". He spends between 6 and 12 hours on the Internet each day. For part of dial time, he plays games and sends instant to his friends. Has this changed his social skills?He himself says that it has not. He also spends several hours with his friends each day. This gives him a chance to communicate face to face. "If I didn't actively go out and try to spend time with friends, I wouldn't have the social skills that I do" said Rowe. "You can't just give up on having normal friends that you see each day."(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)22.（2021·上海静安区·模拟）As doctors, we take pride in our . (responsibility)23.（2021·上海静安区·模拟）Celebrating the anniversary of a marriage is a very special occasion forthe couple. (fifty)24.（2021·上海静安区·模拟）Be independent of our parents. We are old enough to take care of . (we)25.（2021·上海静安区·模拟）When we describe people, we mention their age-group, their build and .(high)26.（2021·上海静安区·模拟）You have the right to remain silence if you . (choice)27.（2021·上海静安区·模拟）He has worked hard and it's _____ that he will succeed. (probably)28.（2021·上海静安区·模拟）Most of the students are making good progress, but George is a case.(hope)29.（2021·上海静安区·模拟）We haven't yet learned whether our son arrived . (safe)30.（2021·上海静安区·模拟）Mum hung the washing on the line to dry.(改为一般疑问句)Mum the washing on the line to dry?31.（2021·上海静安区·模拟）Doris has been in the Science Club since last November. (对划线部分提问)has Doris been in the Science Club?32.（2021·上海静安区·模拟）He's taken everything with him. (改为反意疑问句)He's taken everything with him, ?33.（2021·上海静安区·模拟）David hasn't decided what to learn in the coming winter holidays. (改为宾语从句)David hasn't decided what learn in the coming winter holidays.34.（2021·上海静安区·模拟）Law requires the wearing of seat belts. (改为被动语态)The wearing of seat belts by law.35.（2021·上海静安区·模拟）Can't you feel how much your parents love you? (保持句意基本不变)Can't you feel how much your parents you?36.（2021·上海静安区·模拟）Survey says? Libraries Lead!You might guess that Americans' top go-to spot for culture and entertainment would be a movie theater or sports stadium. But a recent study p a place doesn't need buttered popcorn to attract visitors.In 2019, the research company did a survey about Americans' leisure activities. People were asked how often in the last year they had visited certain types of p . These included libraries, museums, theme parks, and zoos. Libraries topped over the competition. They got more than twice as many total visits as movie theaters, which landed at number two. Being number one is nothing new for libraries. The findings of a s study in 2001 were about the same. But one thing has changed since then. Today, many people can c to the Internet. They're able to read just about anything, just about anywhere.Some people predicted the Internet would make libraries out of date. However, it's actually part of their popularity. In 2016, a Pew Research Center study found that 29 percent of adults went there to use computers, the Internet, or Wi-Fi. But the most c reason people go to the library is to check out books.What books do library-goers borrow the most? The New York Public Library (NYPL) set out to answer this question. In 2020, the library released a list of the most check-out books in its 125-year history.Three books in the top five arc kids' favorites, i Where the Wild Things Are (#4) and The Cat in the Hat (#2). The highest honor, meanwhile, goes to The Snowy Day (#1). It's a beautifully illustrated (有插图的) tale about a boy exploring a city turned into a winter wonderland. The book has been checked out almost half a million times.Why are so many childrens books on the list? One reason is that they're short. So they're read and returned f . As The Cat in the Hat might put it: a quick-to-read hit comes back lickety-split!(1) p(2) p(3) s(4) c(5) c(6) i(7) f三、完形填空37.（2021·上海静安区·模拟）You can think of a memory, as a photograph. Our brain is like an app onthe phone that stores useful photographs for a long time. But it useless photographs. Some people have always been able to recall (回想起) the smallest details about their lives. The experts are now studying Brad Williams and a woman named A.J. The two share the same talent. The goal of the study is to gain a deeper of memory and how it works.Dr. James found 51-year-old Williams' memory to be perfect. He can usually tell you what he did on a certain date 40 years ago. He can also recall what was in the news. He can even tell you what the weather was like.Dr. James had seen this level of ability before. In 2006, he studied a woman named A.J. She too was able to recall tiny details from her life. These details notes she had written in journals decades earlier.However, they view the ability differently. Williams enjoys having his memory tested. A.J., however, said her memories often flood her mind in an unpleasant way. "Most have called it a gift, but I call it a burden," A.J. wrote. "I run my entire life through my head every day and it makes me !!!"Now, doctors are testing Williams and A.J. They want to know what sets the two apart from others.Williams and A.J. both perform well. But they perform best on topics that interest them. This fact causes doubt among some scientists. They suggest that Williams and A.J. are not so special . Some scientists say that people with truly special memories should be able to remember all kinds of information, not just what interests them.Dr. James hopes that his study will provide answers for both those who doubt and those who surprise at what Williams and A.J. are able to do. "The human brain is the most important machinery in the known universe," he said. "My aim is to decrease the mystery of this surprising machinery."(1)A．gives up B．gets rid of C．picks up D．keeps off(2)A．confidence B．entrance C．speed D．understanding(3)A．rarely B．exactly C．nearly D．mainly(4)A．created B．recorded C．added D．matched(5)A．crazy B．excited C．flexible D．pale(6)A．after all B．at present C．in the end D．at a time四、写作题38.（2021·上海静安区·模拟）Write at least 60 words on the given situation（根据以下情境写一篇不少于60 个词的短文，标点符号不占格。