武大英语期末试卷组成

2021届武汉大学附属外语学校高三英语上学期期末考试试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ALast summer, Katie Steller pulled off the freeway on her way to work inMinneapolis. She stopped at a traffic light, where a man was sitting with a sign asking for help. She rolled down her window and shouted. “Hey. I’m driving around giving free haircuts. Do you want one right now?” The man laughed, then paused. “Actually,” he said, “I was really hoping to get a haircut.” Steller pulled out a red chair from her car and helped the man cut his hair immediately. After the work was done, the man looked in a mirror. “I look good!” he said.Up to now, Steller has given 30 or so such haircuts around the city to people with little influence, and she is strongly aware of the power of her cleanup job.As a teen, she suffered from a severe disease, causing her hair to get thinned, so her mother arranged for Steller’s first professional haircut. “To sit down and have somebody look at me and talk to me like a person and not just an illness, it helped me feel cared about and less alone,” she says. After that, Steller knew she wanted to have her own barbershop so she could help people feel the way she’d felt that day. Not long after finishing cosmetology (美容术) school in 2009, she began what she now calls her Red Chair Project, reaching out to people on the streets. Her aim was that by doing some kind acts, others would be inspired to spread their own.“Part of what broke my heart was just how lonely peoplelooked,” she said. “I thought maybe I’d go around and ask if people want free haircuts. I can’t fix their problems, but maybe I can help them feel less alone for a moment.”It all began with a belief in simple acts of kindness, such as a free haircut. “The way you show up in the world matters,” said Steller. “You have no idea what people are going to do with the kindness that you give them.”1. How does the writer begin the passage?A. By making a comparison.B. By giving a reason.C. By raising a question.D. By describing a scene.2. What made Stellar start the Red Chair Project?A. Her mother’s love for her.B. Her interest in cosmetology.C. Her care for those in need.D. Her wish to fight severe diseases.3. What did Stellar expect from the project?A. To spread kindness.B. To solve social problems.C. To deal with relationships.D. To make people look smarter.BNaomi Cooke was walking with a friend and their dogs through her local park in Burnside, on Tuesday when she heard someone shout to watch out. Cooke turned and hardly had time to react before a flying disc hit her in the face with a "big bang”, leaving her right cheek swollen almost to the size of a golfball.Two men playing disc golf at the course in Jellie Park were about 20 metres fromthe pairwhen one of them threw the disc hard, aiming for a nearby goal.After being hit Cooke immediately went to the emergency department, where two CT scans on her face and cheek found she had escaped any broken bones. "I'm lucky it didn't hit my eye because I think I would have lost it." Cooke said.Cooke often walks her dog at the park and said it was always busy with people playing disc golf, but it was not until after Tuesday that she became concerned about public safety there.There were no signs about the disc golf course in the park, she said, and the area is shared with children and people walking their dogs.“If it had hit one of the kids in the head, it could have killed them.” Cooke did not think she was the only person who had been hit before, and said there would be others who share her concerns.Cooke planned to go to the council, saying it needed to realise how dangerous it was for the space to be shared by everyone and to provide disc golfers with a space where they can play safely. "There should be rules about how it's done, making it safe for everyone.”4. What happened to Cooke on Tuesday?A. She was struck by a golf ball.B. She was hit by a flying disc.C. She was beaten by two men.D. She was frightened by a mad dog.5. What do the underlined words "the pair" in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. Cooke and her friend.B. Cooke and her dog.C. The two disc golfers.D. The two CT scans.6. How did Cooke feel about people playing disc golf in the park?A. Acceptable.B. Shocked.C. Angry.D. Worried.7. Why did Cooke plan to go to the council?A. To get the two men in trouble.B. To call for a ban on disc golf.C. To ask for personal protection.D. To call for safer places for disc golf.CHow much do consumers care about the carbon footprint of the products they buy? Would they care more if the goods were labeled with emissions（排放物）data?Does it matter at which stage in the lifecycle of a product the carbon is emitted? Research published in the International Journal of Environmental Policy and Decision Making offers a way to find out．Study participants view a carbon footprint label as similar to labels that have appeared on some existing products．The label shows the carbon dioxide emissions connected with their production, transportation, usage and disposal（清理）, thus showing the buyer the likely effect on climate change of buying a particular product．In the first group of studies, the research team proved that carbon emissions and a carbon emissions label would indeed play a role in consumer product decisions, although not as great a role as price．In a second set of studies, the team found that emissions connected with usage were most important to consumers followed by the transportation and disposal stages．The carbon footprint of the producing process was considered less important to consumers than the other stages in the product's lifecycle because it is outside the consumer's control．That is, the participants felt they were less responsible for carbon emitted during producing process．Consumers value recycling a product, but the researchers found that, overall, the consumers would preferproducers to offset（补偿）carbon emissions rather than having toaddressthe problem directly themselves．Consumers are increasingly concerned with climate change problems, and already carbon labeling is appearing on some products．"We find that participantsnot only take the carbon label into account when making product decisions, but they want detailed information on the label," the researchers explain．They suggest that companies should prepare for how carbon emissions labels might affect future consumer choice．8. Which of the following most affects consumer's choice?A. Labels．B. Price．C Packaging． D. Carbon footprint．9. About the carbon dioxide emissions in the product's lifecycle, which stage do consumers care most?A. Usage stage．B. Transportation stage．C. Disposal stage．D. Producing stage．10. Which of the following can best replace the underlined word "address"?A. Look into．B. Point out．C. Deal with．D. Run into．11. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. Companies should take carbonemissions more seriously．B. All products have been labeled with carbon emissions data．C. Producers will attach less importance to carbon emissions labels．D. Products labeled with carbon emissions data will have poor sales．DFaming is a tradition among many in South Dakota, one that is not always easy to keep in the family. But one family has survived four generations and hopes to continue long into the future. The year was 1933 when Ed VanderWal's father first stepped onto the farm. Now 80 years later, Ed carries the passion(热情) his father gave him for farming every daywhile working the fields on the family farm in Volga.“Well, I was in the first grade when my dad moved here to this farm and I grew up on the farm. And that's what I was interested in doing more,” Ed said. But that love of working the land didn't stop with Ed. He's passed it down to his six sons. Some of them run farms of their own now, but two of them, Scott and David, still work side by side with their dad every day.Some people might worry that working sun up to sun down with family seven days a week would lead to a few family spats(争吵). But for the VanderWals, the constant time together works just fine.“When families work together on a farm, it's a challenge at times getting along. Everyone has to pull their weight and do their share. And that, of course, transfers from one generation to the next,” Scott said.And while they all get along like any family, with good days and bad, it's tradition that keeps each generation teaching the next.“But we taught them to work with animals at a young age, like most farmers do. So it's nice to be able to pass that tradition onto the next generation,” Scott said.The youngest generation of the VanderWals, Ed's three grandsons and a granddaughter, all started learning farming techniques at a young age.12. Why did Ed VanderWal devote himself to the farm?A. Because he grew up on the farm.B. Because he was affected by his father.C Because he could do nothing but work on the farm.D. Because he wanted to set a good example for his sons.13. What can we know from Paragraph 2?A. Managing a farm is a real challenge.B. Ed has divided his farms into six parts.C. Ed taught his sons how to work on farms.D. Scott and David own their own farms now.14. What can be inferred from the passage?A. The VariderWals have strict family rules.B. Ed's tradition has great effect on the local.C. Ed's grandchildren will drop out of school.D. Ed's farms have no lack of successors (继承者).15. What's the best title of the passage?A. A Faming Family.B. A Successful Farmer.C. The Agricultural 'Tradition.D. The Agricultural Generation.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

English Examination for Graduates(paper A)(January10th,2008)I.Listening Comprehension(20%)Part ADirections:In this part,you are going to listen to an interview.At the end of the interview, five questions will be asked about what was said.Both the interview and the questions will be read only once.After each question,there will be a pause.During the pause,you must read the4choices and decide which one would be the best answer to the question.Then mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.1. A.Because women are invisible in the saying.B.Because“men”refers to females.C.Because“men”refers to human beings.D.Because“men”refers to males.2. A.Because they try to be equal to men.B.Because they try to catch up with trends.C.Because they try to conceal their privacy.D.Because they try to show their characters.3. A.Women are too unrealistic. B.Women are sentimental.C.Women are too instinct.D.Women are second-class citizens.4. A.Women look down upon men.B.Women enjoy making jokes on men.C.Women have succeeded in their jobs.D.Women can be presidents of a country.5. A.Men refuse to admit women’s achievements.B.Men care less about women’s abilities.C.Men are not more peace-loving than women.D.Men are out of control in international negotiations.Part BDirections:In this part,you are going to listen to three passages.At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions.Both the passages and the questions will be read only once. After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B,C,and D.Then mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Questions6to10are based on the following passage.6. A.People speaking English. B.Americans.C.People not speaking English.D.All of the above.7.A.Because it has a fast pace and rhythmic beats.B.Because its lyrics are in English.C.Because it has simple themes.D.Because it depicts the feelings of the common people.8.A.The blues is popular with only black Americans.B.Popular music is the most important export of America.C.People enjoy country music because it expresses their happy feeling.D.The blues is usually played by black musicians9.A.Country music was influenced by the blues and rock music.B.Rock music was influenced by the blues and country music.C.The blues was influenced by country music and rock music.D.None of the three forms was influenced by any others.10.A.People in other parts of the world can sometimes hear American popular songs in their ownlanguages.B.Not all the songs are popular all over the world.C.People in other parts of the world can sometimes hear American popular songs in English.D.The words of the songs differ,and so does the enjoyment of the music.Questions11to15are based on the following passage.11.A.Crying one’s goods in the street. B.Wall signs.C.Signs with pictures.D.Wall paintings.12.A.Signs with pictures. B.Tools over doors.C.Wall paintings.D.Symbols.13.A.Because they are most recently developed.B.Because they can be understood by those who can neither read nor write.C.Because they are cheap and fast.D.Because they can be heard everywhere in a country.14.A.Only some large companies can afford radio commercials.B.The ads called car cards are almost part of our life.C.Outdoor advertisements make up a small proportion of modern advertising.D.Ads printed in newspapers are one of the most popular forms of advertising.15.A.Modern advertising. B.Significance of advertising.C.Development of advertising.D.Origin of advertising.Questions16to20are based on the following passage.16.A.Madison Drive. B.The National Gallery.C.Capitol Building.D.The Washington Monument.17.A.In1812;in1814. B.In1884;in1790.C.In1800;in1812.D.In1790;in1880.18.A.Take the elevator up to the top.B.See a piece of rock from the moon.C.Get to the observation level.D.Take pictures from high up.19.A.Madison Drive is a street. B.The Mall is a park.C.The National Air&Space Museum has exhibits on aviation history.D.The tourists have just visited Capitol Hill.20.A.Capitol Hill–the Washington Monument–the White House.B.The Washington Monument-Capitol Hill–the White House.C.The Capitol Building-the National Gallery-the Washington Monument.D.The Washington Monument–the Mall-the National Air&Space Museum.II.Vocabulary(25%)Directions:There are25incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentence there are four choices marked A,B,C,and D.Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Then blacken the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the center.21.If allowed to proceed unchecked,the problem will undoubtedly_____global warming andthreaten life as we know it today.A.exacerbateB.relieveC.preserveD.retain22.It is reported that many multi-national corporations have set up foreign subsidiaries to_____the import tariff.A.excludeB.suspendC.circumventD.screen23.In any of the burial-places of this city through which I pass,is there a sleeper more_____thanits busy inhabitants are,in their innermost personality,to me or than I am to them.A.gluttonousB.inscrutablemittedD.preferential24.In addition,the Chinese government will_____US$2million for the launch of the"APECFinance and Development Project"in Shanghai,a project designed to train more financial professionals and enhance APEC members'capacity for a sustainable economic growth.A.saveB.earmarkC.promoteD.entail25.It protects you from destructive controversies.Consider how often people of prominence arelaid low by revelations of______.A.improprietyB.ritualrmalityD.propriety26.The state expands facilities for rest and______of working people,and prescribes workinghours and vacations for workers and staff.A.connotationB.habitationC.recuperationD.illumination27.Through understanding from the point of view of another culture,you can make your ownjudgment about that culture with as little cultural______as possible.A.preferenceB.ambiguityC.preconceptionD.tendency28.P ersistent efforts were made to coordinate poverty______programs of the country's easternand western regions.A.alleviationB.aggravationC.inflectionD.exacerbation29.China's limited nuclear counterattack ability is entirely for______against possible nuclearattacks by other countries.A.interferenceB.interventionC.detachmentD.deterrence30.There are occasions in the city as elsewhere,when ingenuous questions out of the mouths ofbabies and sucklings can______the experts.A.confoundB.retardC.pleaseD.detain31.In ideology and culture,the Taiwan authorities have endeavored to_____the Chineseawareness of Taiwan compatriots,especially young people,and their identification with themotherland.A.permeateB.encroachC.obliterateD.enforce32.Jewelry would surely be nice,but what can I afford that would not soon_____or growquickly out of style?A.tarnishB.blackenC.blurD.defame33.Please accept my heartfelt_____on president’s untimely demise and please convey ourprofound sympathy to the bereaved family.A.cognition.B.collectionC.appreciationD.condolence34.He gets some kind of______satisfaction from embarrassing people.A.impoliteB.delectableC.perverseD.obedient35.Jennie carried on reading,_______to the row going on around her.A.infectiousB.imperviousC.affectedD.influenced36.When people can't explain a new phenomenon using their knowledge,they will firstly try tounderstand it using______.A.intrusionB.refreshmentC.counterpartD.analogy37.If you mess up,it's not your parents'fault,so don't______about your mistakes.Learn fromthem.A.wonderB.divulgeC.whineD.pester38.The system was redesigned to embrace the network and eventually_______it in a profitabledirection.A.adaptB.controlC.installD.steer39.The Arabs,on the other hand,coming from a culture where much closer distance is the norm,may be feeling that the Americans are being_______.A.friendlyB.warmC.standoffishD.selfish40.Strengthening regional economic cooperation is a top priority for many Asian countries.Andnow,Asian countries are making efforts to promote regional________,and in turn realize common prosperity.A.integrationB.diversitypetitionD.integrity41.We grow up in our own culture and we naturally learn to view the world as our own cultureviews it,thus we may judge everything__________.A.ethicallyB.eternallyC.ethnocentricallyD.ethnologically42.But the fundamental task and the basic content of our political work remain unaltered.And thefine traditions we wish to_______are also the same.A.perpetuateB.carryC.persecutee43.This indicates a much sharper_______between the top and bottom than existed two decadesago.A.referenceB.disparityC.counterpartD.balance44.While most of today's youth-targeted movies_______bombardments of visual effects andpop-culture distractions,director Garry Marshall spins this yarn with a quiet dignity that Genovia's staid queen would applaud.A.unleashB.vanquishC.remitD.encroach45.We should_______our import mix and deepen the reform of the foreign trade system.A.strengthenB.optimizeC.depreciateD.maximizeIII.Reading Comprehension(20%)Read the following passages and choose the best answer to each question.Passage1What does it take to succeed in American business?Opinions vary widely．Given approximately equal qualifications and circumstances,some claim the success factor is largely a matter of luck－being in the right place at the right time．Others speak of utter devotion to work，combined with a degree of ruthlessness.Far-out theories abound.One “expert”maintains that it's undoubtedly a matter of how much education your mother had．To get a better perspective on who makes it to the top－and why－I interviewed four men who should know－management consultants and executive recruiters for some of the biggest corporations in the country．Here are their informed opinions.Thomas A.Buffum，head of the executive recruiting firm of Thomas A.Buffum Associates in Boston said：“We hear about new technology making engineers obsolete．In the same way，new methods of management can make executives obsolete.The men who rise the highest and stay there are those who never stop growing and learning.These flexible fellows seldom stall on the corporate ladder or get shaken off.“A key test of this flexibility comes at the time of a merger or acquisition．Can you adapt to the new management framework－do things‘their way?’Or are you so used to your old methods that you'll resent any changes?“The men who can truly answer‘yes’to the first question and‘no’to the second are the ones who never find themselves‘between jobs．’”Charles Ferguson，another consultant，agrees：“How to cope with change－that's the key to success or failure for many businessmen．“Change comes in several forms．One is the constant flux of the job itself,because of shifting conditions in the company and the industry．The late1960's offered case after agonizing case of brash young go-go entrepreneurs who put together glittering conglomerates that they had no idea how to manage．Once the requirements of the job changed from pyramiding to mature management of an existing entity,they could cope no longer．A different set of skills was needed.“Executives must be able to handle change in broad segments of industry，society,and government．But perhaps the change that's most challenging of all is that within themselves.Many things cause‘executive metamorphosis’－family or financial change，declining health，age，‘burnout’from overwork,perhaps even a certain complacency at having attained many of life's goals.But the executive who realizes he's changing is the one who will be able to handle it．”William B．Beeson，manager of executive recruitment for Lawrence-Leiter＆Company in Kansas City，looked at it another way：“It has been said of everyone from Robert McNamara.to Edward Carlson（the president of an airline）that their rise to the top of their companies came largely because they were in the right place at the right time.There may be some truth in that，but the question is why they were in the right place.I think their own career decisions must have had a lot to do with it．"Have you ever drawn up an honest balance sheet on yourself－really put down what you're good at on one side,and what you're not so good at on the other?It isn't easy.Those weaknesses are hard to admit.But if you'll make this painful self-analysis at least once every six months，you'll be in a better position to focus your energies toward the kind of position that will make yousuccessful－and happy．”To make it big，executives must possess four basic skills：“First,drive．Business success takes an unusual amount of energy.A successful executive －almost by definition－is a striver．According to one industry psychologist，86.5percent of top managers have a higher activity level than the average middle manager.Top men get tense when they're not striving.”"Second，people sense.Some say being able to judge people is more important than a high IQ. The skill can be instinctual，but in most cases it's painstakingly learned．”"Third,communication ability.An executive gets things done through other people．That means his communications must come through loud and clear.Different executives make themselves understood in different ways．Some transmit ideas best face to face；others are masters of the telephone call；still others are persuasive writers.One way or another,they all communicate clearly.”“Fourth,calm under pressure;or as Hemingway put it,‘grace under pressure.’No businessman will get very far if he chokes up.”"An example:One unusually able vice-president blew a chance for the presidency because he froze while making an important product presentation to the chairman. The company had invested hundreds of thousands of dollars in research and development，and tooling up for production would take millions.With so much at stake,the chairman had a great many hard questions.Despite thorough knowledge of the subject，the vice-president became just a little unsure under questioning．A few months later,when the president's job became vacant，someone else was chosen to fill it．”And finally,John W．Silver，an executive recruiter in Milwaukee，puts it on a more basic level."What it takes is guts，”he says．"And，most of all，guts in dealing with subordinates．Time after time，our executive search people have been told，‘We realized long ago that Phil had to be replaced，but we didn't want to hurt his feeling.’Or,‘We just couldn't bring ourselves to do it.’"The executive who is marked for success sets high standards for himself---and also for other people．If someone doesn't measure up after a proper trial period,he replaces him."It was said of one successful executive，‘He can't tolerate people who don't pull their weight.His philosophy is that he doesn't care who your friends are一can you produce?` That's not bad．If you insist on top performance from your subordinates,they'll insist on top performance from their subordinates，and so on down the table of organization.That's the kind of attitude an executive had better have－if he plans to survive.”46.From the first two paragraphs we can see that all the following statements aretrue except.A.people are divided as to what it takes to succeed in American businessB.the author seems to doubt the validity of the theory that the success factor lies in theeducational level of one’s motherC.it seems that the author respects the opinions of those he interviewedD.the author repudiates all the latest theories concerning who can make it to thetop47.To find out how to be successful in business,the author interviewed.ernment officialsB.successful businessmenC.management consultants and executive recruitersD.business executives48.According to Thomas Buffum，the most important factor in business success is.A.being authenticB.being ruthlessC.being adaptableD.being persistent49.Flexibility is most seriously tested when.A.your company has become a part of another companyB.the executive has made it to the topC.the administrator continues to climb up the corporate ladderD.the businessman has acquired a large property50.By“go-go entrepreneurs”Charles Ferguson refers to.A.aggressive businessmen who were born in the late1960'sB.businessmen of the1960's who put together large but unmanageable conglomeratesC.young yet mature businessmen who made it big in the1960'sD.businessmen who joined together and then managed glittering conglomerates51.To achieve success，Charles Ferguson stresses the ability.A..to make changes in job requirementsB.to change working conditionsC.to change oneselfD.to handle change52.According to William Beeson,those who rose to the top of their companies were people.A.who had a clear understanding of their strengths and weaknessesB.who were in the right place at the right timeC.who went after the desired positions with single-mindednessD.who were able to focus their energies toward their future jobs53.Which of the following is NOT mentioned by William Beeson as a basic skill successfulexecutives must possess?A.Ability to be active and hardworking．B.Ability to form correct opinions about others．C.Ability to speak several languages.D.Ability to remain cool-headed under pressure.54.In the opinion of John W．Silver，an executive needs courage in dealing with subordinates.This means the executive______________.A.must be considerate towards his subordinatesB.must act decisively when it becomes clear that a subordinate should be replacedC.must reward his subordinates generously in spite of oppositionD.must treat his subordinates as equals55.Most of the authorities interviewed seem to agree on one point,namely,an executive_______.A.must be an expert in some branch of knowledgeB.must be persuasive and sympatheticC.must be ruthless and tolerant at onceD.must be able to grow in his job and expand his abilitiesPassage2The Food and Drug Administration announced tough new regulations Friday for use of the acne drug Accutane.Officials of the agency said they hoped that the rules would reduce the hundreds of miscarriages,birth defects and abortions associated with the drug each year.The regulations,which apply to generic versions of Accutane as well,require doctors and patients to register in an electronic database before it can be dispensed.Female patients of childbearing age must take two pregnancy tests and use two forms of birth control to get the drug.And doctors and pharmacists must confirm that the requirements have been met.The new program is the latest and by far the most drastic of more than40efforts by the agency in the last22years to reduce harm from Accutane,an oral medicine made by Roche Holding,while allowing its continued use.Dr.Nancy Green,medical director for the March of Dimes,cheered the announcement.“If it doesn’t work,”Dr.Green said,“we will call for the F.D.A.to take this drug off the market.”A Roche spokeswoman,Shelley Rosenstock,said the company also welcomed the rules.“Roche continues to support,to the extent possible,efforts to reduce fetal exposures”to Accutane,Ms.Rosentstock said.Health officials say the new plan is the latest sign the F.D.A.is losing faith that the nation’s doctors and pharmacists can adequately safeguard the health of patients.Before1998,the agency largely confined itself to advising physicians and pharmacists about how to prescribe and dispense safely any drugs with potentially dangerous adverse effects,and trusted that its advice would be followed.But experts say time after time over the last decade,medical professionals have ignored the advice,providing drugs to patients at the risk of severe complications.In some cases,the agency has asked that a drug be withdrawn because physicians and pharmacists proved unwilling to control its use.But such withdrawals have left stranded thousands of patients who contend that they need those drugs to lead normal lives.So instead,the agency has begun fashioning restricted distribution programs,like the one it announced on Friday,to ensure that health professionals follow its guidelines.Among the first was a program created in1998to ensure that thalidomide,infamous for causing thousands of birth defects in European babies during the1960’s,could be safely used as a leprosy drug.More such programs have followed,including one for the abortion drug Mifeprex.Dr.Sidney Wolfe,director of Public Citizen’s Health Research Group,a consumer advocacy organization,said the F.D.A. was recognizing that patients needed protection from irresponsible physicians and pharmacists.Dr. Wolfe added that drug companies were largely to blame,though,saying their huge marketing efforts often encouraged doctors to prescribe drugs excessively.But Dr.Mark Naylor,an Oklahoma dermatologist,said with regret that many doctors would stop prescribing Accutane because of the F.D.A.’s new restrictions.While it is unfortunate that some doctors may have failed to follow earlier voluntary guidelines on Accutane,Dr.Naylor said,“it’s up to physicians and patients to decide how the drug gets used,not the F.D.A.”The drug agency approved Accutane in1982for patients suffering from severe,disfiguring acne.There are about6000patients with this severe condition in the United States,most of them men.For such patients,the drug has provided a nearly miraculous cure.By2002,the last year before generic versions of the medicine entered the market,sales of Accutane in the United States had risen to $380million,with doctors writing170,000prescriptions a month,half of which went to women.Although animal studies had suggested that Accutane caused birth defects,the drug agencyinitially imposed few restrictions on its sale.When the first reported birth defect occurred in1983, the agency responded by requiring pharmacists to affix red warning stickers to every bottle of Accutane describing its effects on fetuses.More than40label or other regulatory changes followed,but birth defects only increased.The drug,reports suggest,may also cause some patients to become suicidal.In2001,Roche and the F.D.A.announced a plan to cut fetal exposures of Accutane to zero.Patients were asked to sign a consent form describing Accutane’s risks. Doctors were asked to affix yellow stickers to their prescriptions to verify that female patients capable of bearing children had undergone two pregnancy tests and promised to use two forms of birth control.But the system was entirely voluntary,and it did nothing to reduce the number of pregnancies among women taking the drug.Some women never got pregnancy tests or,in a few cases,had positive pregnancy tests and still were given it.From2001to2003,the agency receive reports of 325pregnancies among women taking it,and agency officials say such a number is probably only a fraction of the real total,because most miscarriages and abortions are most likely not reported to them.In February2004,an advisory committee recommended that many aspects of the program to control Accutane’s risks become mandatory.With its announcement Friday,the F.D.A.has followed that advice.The new plan,called ipledge,is expected to become fully operational by the end of the year.The program will apply to men as well as to women,in part because of the reports of Accutane’s psychiatric effects but also because it seeks to bar male patients’sharing the drug with women not eligible to receive it.Under the program,doctors who wish to prescribe Accutane or its generic forms must first go to a Web site,list the patient’s name in the registry and,using an identification number for the patient,confirm in the case of women that two pregnancy tests have been performed.Patients,using the same identification code,must either call an800number or visit a Web site to receive education about the drug’s risks,and women must confirm that they are taking two forms of birth control.When the patient goes to a pharmacy,the pharmacist must check the Web site to make sure that both doctor and patient have complied.The pregnancy tests must have been taken within the previous seven days and been performed by a certified laboratory. Another pregnancy test will be required before the prescription is refilled.56.Which of the following about Accutane is NOT true according to the passage?A.It may cause birth problems.B.It is used to cure a disfiguring disease.C.It is harmful only to women.D.Women should be careful in taking it.57.Which of the following is a justified comment on the new program announced by thegovernment concerning Accutane?A.The government will take the medicine off the market.B.The new program is bound to reduce harm from Accutane to zero.C.The new program is one of numerous efforts to lessen the harm by Accutane.D.The new program will eliminate the use of Accutane in patients.58.Which of the following is NOT true about the plan made by Roche and F.D.A.in2001?A.The plan didn’t prevent doctors from prescribing Accutane to pregnant women.B.The plan was not tough enough.C.The plan asked women have pregnancy tests before taking Accutane.D.The plan was carried out successfully.59.What’s F.D.A.’s attitude towards doctors and pharmacists before1998?A.The agency had virtually unquestioned faith in them before1998.B.The agency held physicians and pharmacists in contempt before1998.C.The agency regarded them virtually as authoritative advisors before1998.D.In general,the agency underestimated their advice.60.What is the adverse effect of thalidomide?A.It may pose similar side effects to those of Accutane.B.It brings about premature birth.C.It is effective for leprosy patients when they are pregnant.D.Leprosy patients who take this medicine will not be able to get pregnant.61.Which of the following are medically the most eligible to take oral Accutane?A.Male patients with a light case of acneB.Female patients with severe acneC.Female patients with light acneD.Male patients with severe acne62.What is the first precaution by the agency against adverse effects of Accutane?A.It required manufacturers to print a red cross on every bottle of Accutane to keep peopleon alert.B.It required a yellow label be stuck to every bottle of Accutane to remind the patients of itsadverse effects.C.It required a red sticker be stuck to every bottle of Accutane as a reminder of its adverseeffects.D.It required no Accutane be dispensed by pharmacists.63.The following are the purposes of the new regulations announced by F.D.A.except.A.to reduce birth defectsB.to impose restrictions on drug companiesC.to reduce Accutane’s psychiatric effects on both men and womenD.to make sure doctors and pharmacists are responsible for patients64.The announcement of the new regulations suggests the following except.A.some medical professionals are not reliable expertsB.some doctors’practice annoyed F.D.A.officialsC.doctors and pharmacists are driven by the profits of the drugsD.drug companies will not encourage doctors to prescribe Accutane excessively65.Which of the following cannot apply to both the2001plan and the new one?A.Patients are warned of the dangers before taking the drug.B.Doctors should confirm that female patients have had two pregnancy tests.C.Patients should follow the rules out of their own willD.Women should take two forms of birth control.IV.Translation15%Part A:Translate the following sentences into English(7%)1.失业下岗人数的不断增加使我们意识到掌握一些实用技术和基本技能是十分必要的。

《大学英语》期末考试试卷附答案大学英语期末考试试卷附答案Section A: Reading ComprehensionPart 1: Multiple Choice (Questions 1-5)1. B2. C3. A4. D5. BPart 2: True or False (Questions 6-10)6. True7. False8. True9. False10. TruePart 3: Vocabulary in Context (Questions 11-15)11. D12. C13. B14. A15. CSection B: WritingPart 1: Short Answer Questions1. What is the topic of the passage?The passage discusses the benefits of exercise for overall health and well-being.2. What are the three main benefits of exercise mentioned in the passage?The three main benefits of exercise mentioned in the passage are physical health, mental health, and social interaction.3. How can regular exercise improve physical health?Regular exercise can improve physical health by strengthening muscles and bones, increasing cardiovascular fitness, and reducing the risk of chronic diseases.4. How does exercise contribute to mental well-being?Exercise can contribute to mental well-being by reducing stress and anxiety, improving mood, and boosting self-confidence.5. Why is social interaction important for overall well-being?Social interaction is important for overall well-being as it helps to reduce feelings of loneliness and isolation, improves social skills, and provides a sense of belonging.Part 2: EssayRegular Exercise for a Healthy LifeRegular exercise is crucial for maintaining a healthy and balanced lifestyle. It offers numerous physical, mental, and social benefits that contribute to an overall sense of well-being. In this essay, we will explore the importance of regular exercise and its positive impact on our lives.Firstly, regular exercise plays a vital role in improving our physical health. Engaging in physical activities such as running, swimming, or cycling helps to strengthen our muscles and bones. It also enhances cardiovascular fitness, leading to a reduced risk of heart diseases and other chronic conditions. Furthermore, exercise promotes weight management and helps to prevent obesity, a growing problem in modern society.In addition to physical health, exercise greatly contributes to our mental well-being. Engaging in exercise releases endorphins, often referred to as the "feel-good" hormones, which elevate our mood and reduce stress and anxiety. Regular exercise can also alleviate symptoms of depression and improve overall cognitive function. It provides an opportunity for self-reflection and relaxation, acting as a positive outlet for coping with life's challenges.Furthermore, exercise offers a platform for social interaction, which is crucial for our overall well-being. Participating in group activities, such as team sports or fitness classes, allows us to connect with others who share similar interests. These social interactions foster a sense of belonging and camaraderie, reducing feelings of loneliness and isolation. Moreover,exercise can serve as a bonding activity among friends, family members, or colleagues, leading to stronger relationships and increased social support.To conclude, regular exercise is essential for a healthy and fulfilling life. It not only improves physical health and fitness but also enhances mental well-being and fosters social connections. Incorporating exercise into our daily routines should be a priority for everyone, regardless of age or fitness level. So, let's make a commitment to prioritize our health and embrace regular exercise for a happier and healthier future.。

Test PaperPart I Listening Comprehension(25%)Section ADirections:In this section you will hear 5 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Theconversation and the question will be read only ONCE. Listen carefullyand choose the best answer to the question you hear. Mark your choiceon Answer Sheet I. (5%)1. A) His budget will be made soon.B) His loan isn’t due yet.C) He can’t lend the woman any money.D) He will repay the woman soon.Section BDirections: In this section you will hear one long conversation. At the end of the conversation, three questions will be asked about what was said. Theconversation will be read only ONCE. Listen carefully and choose thebest answer to the question you hear. Mark your choice on Answer SheetI. (3%)6. A) He has come for a contract of the power station.B) He has been invited to visit Chinese farms.C) He has come to seek cooperation with China.D) He is here to survey an area for a wind farm.Section CDirections: In this section you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, some questions will be asked about what was said. Each passage will beread twice. Listen carefully and choose the best answer to the questionyou hear. Mark your choice on Answer Sheet I. (7%)Passage 1Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. A) The US President. B) Some Congressmen.C) Several explorers. D) The animal lovers.Passage 2Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12. A) An unidentified flying object.B) The impact of a falling star.C) The serious consequences of erosion.D) The largest shock waves in Alaska.Section DDirections:In this section you will hear a passage 3 times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When thepassage is read for the second time, you should fill in the blanksnumbered from D1 to D7 with the exact words you have just heard. Forblanks numbered from D8 to D10you should fill in the missinginformation. You can either use the exact words you have just heard orwrite down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passageis read for the third time, you should check what you have written. Writethe missing words and information on Answer Sheet II. (10%) Old inventions are not necessarily eliminated by new inventions. The (D1) _______________ inventions may be replaced, but they seldom become (D2) _________________ out of date because new roles are often created for them. One of the best examples of this is the (D3) _________________ of long-distance communication.Part II V ocabulary (10%)Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer thatbest completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet I.16. One goal of the program is to encourage more students from low-incomebackgrounds to _________ careers in education.A) forge B) generate C) invest D) pursuePart III Reading Course (10%)Directions:Choose the answer that best completes the sentence or answers the question according to the texts you have read in Reading Course 4. Thenmark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I.36. Since the sixties, many American men have become more gentle and moreconsiderate. This is valuable. However, these so-called soft men have problems in life. (Lesson 2. The American Men)Which of the following is NOT one of the troubles they are faced with?A)They have little vitality.B)They are not inspiring.C)They do not feel happy.D)They are too aggressive.Part IV Reading Comprehension (15%)Directions:There are three reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there arefour choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the bestchoice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I.Passage 1Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage:46. What do we know about “ideal bodies”?A) They are perfect male and female models created by modern media.B) They are not real men and women but something in the pictures.C) They are believed to represent wealth, power and happiness.D) They are one of the sources of jealousy for many ordinary people.Part V Writing (10%)Directions: In this part you are to writ e a composition on the topic “Time Management at College” You should write about 150 words. Write yourcomposition on Answer Sheet II.1. 在大学里，合理安排时间很重要。